MC1704 COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS

CREATIVE ASSIGNMENTS

1. There is a definite differences between an image and picture. Justify. Give the representation of
picture and image
2. Using Adobe Photoshop illustrate the images in any five color models. Represent your opinion on
the images after the application of color model
3. Develop a mini graphical application in C/C++/ Flash/Photoshop-VB
4. Generate the code for any of the image compression formats
5. Write an algorithm to encode images(steganographic techniques)

QUESTION BANK
UNIT I
1. Define resolution
The maximum number of points that can be displayed without overlap on a cathode ray tube is referred
to as resolution

2. Define aspect ratio

The ratio of vertical points to horizontal points necessary to produce equal length lines in both directions
on the screen

3. Define pixel
Each point on a screen is called as pixel the picture element

4. What is frame buffer

Picture definition is stored in a memory area called refresh buffer or frame buffer

5. Define bitmap
On a black and white system with one bit per pixel the frame buffer is called as bitmap

6. What is pixmap
The systems with multiple bits per pixel, the frame buffer is referred to as pixmap

7. What is a full color system

An RGB color system with 24 bits of storage per pixel is referred to as full color system or true color
system

8. What is plasma panels

These are gas discharge displays constructed by filling the region between two glass plates with a
mixture of gases that usually includes neon

9. Define mouse
It is a small hand held box used to position the screen cursor. Wheels or rollers at the bottom of the
mouse can be used to record the amount and direction of movement.

10. What is a track ball

It can be rotated with fingers or palm of the hand to produce screen cursor movement

11. What is translation

A translation is applied to an object by repositioning it algong a straight line path from one coordinate
location to another

12. Define saling

A scaling transformation alters the size of an object

13. Define reflection

A reflection is a transformation that produces a mirror image of an object. The mirror image for a two
dimensional reflection is generated relative to an axis of reflection by rotating the object 180 degree
about the reflection axis

14. What is text clipping

IF all of the string is inside a clip window we keep it. It is implemented by considering a bounding
rectangle around the text pattern

15. What is polygon clipping

A polygon boundary processed with a line clipper may be displaced as a series of unconnected line
segments depending on the orientation of the polygon to the clipping window

UNIT II
1. Explain the stroke devices
This class of logical devices is used to input a sequence of coordinates position. The set of input points
is often used to display line sections

2. Explain string devices

The primary physical devices used for string input is the keyboard. Input character strings are used for
picture or graph labels.

3. Explain valuator devices

This logical class of devices is employed in graphics systems to input scalar values. Valuators are used
for setting various graphics parameters such as rotation angle and scale factors

4. Explain choice devices

A choice device is defined as one that enters a selection from a list of algternatives

5. Explain pick devices

Pick devices are used to select parts of a scene that are to be transformed or edited in some way

6. Explain pick window

The cursor coordinates are centered on this window and the candidate lines are clipped to the window

7. What are grids

A grid is a rectangular lines dispayed in some part of the screen area. When a grid is used any input
coordinates position is rounded to the nearest intersection of two grid lines

8. Explain rubber bands methods

This method stretch out a line from a starting position as the screen cursor is moved

9. Explain gravity field

The conversion of input position is accomplished by creating a gravity field area around the line. Any
selected position within the gravity field of a line is moved to the nearest position on the line

10. Define a spline curve

It refers to any composite curve formed with polynomial sections satisfying specified continually
conditions at the boundary of the pieces

11. Define spline surface

It can be described with two sets of orthogonal spline curves

12. Explain convex hull

The conved polygon boundary that encloses a set of control points is called the convex hull

UNIT III
1. What is called as parallel projection
Parallel lines in the world coordinate scene projec into parallel lines on the two dimensional display
plane

2. Define perspective projection

For generating a view of a three dimensional scene is to project points to the display plane along
converging paths. Parallel lines in a scene that are not parallel to the display plane are projected int
converging lines

3. What is depth cueing

For indicating depth with wireframe displaysis to vary the intensity of objects according to their distance
from the viewing positions

4. What is Z buffer method

An image space approach to detect visible surfaces is to compare surface depths at each pixel position
on the projection plane

5. Give the disadvantage of Z buffer method

It can only find one visible surface at each pixel position. It deals with opaque surfaces and cannot
accumulate intensity values for more than one surface

6. Explain scan line method

The image space method for removing hidden surfaces for filtering polygon interiors. It fills multiple
surfaces

7. Explain painters algorithm

Surfaces are sorted in order of decreasing depth
Surfaces are scan converted in order starting with the surface of greatest depth

8. Explain BSP tree method

It is used for determining object visibility by painting surfaces onto the screen from back to front

9. Explain area subdivision method

This method is applied by successively dividing the total viewing area into smaller and smaller rectangle
until each small area is the projection of part of a single visible surface or no surface at all
10. What is flat shading
A method for rendering an object with polygon surfaces is called as constant intensity shading or flat
shading

11. Define color model

It is a method for explaining the properties or behaviour of color within some particular context

12. What are complementary colors

If the two colors sources combine to produce white light and are referred to as complementary colors

13. Define color gamut

Color models that are used to describe combinations of light in terms of dominant frequency use three
colors to obtain a wide range of colors called the color gamut

14. Explain tri stimulus theory

Our eyes perceive color through the stimulation of three visual pigments in the cones of the retina. These
visual pigments have a peak sensitivity at wavelengths of about 630, 530 and 450

15. Define Morphing

Transformation of object shapes from one form to another is called morphing. It can be applied to any
motion or transition involving a change in space

16. What are scripting systems

It allows object specification and animation sequences to be defined with a user input script

17. Define a key frame

It is a detailed drawing of the scene at a certain time in the animation sequences. The object is postioned
according to the time for that frame

18. What is frame-by frame animation

Each frame of the scene is separately generated and stored. The frames can be recorded on film or they
can be consequently displayed in real time playback mode.