Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
m 14. (a) in
i 1 i 1 2
1 i im 1 (as given)
1 i Hence, to make the real number the least
positive integar is 2.
So the least value of m 4 {i 1} 4
n n
15. (c) Let z i[1 3 5....(2n1)]
5. (b) If (1 i) 2 ......(i)
Clearly series is A.P. with common difference =
We know that if two complex numbers are 2
equal, their moduli must also be equal,
Tn 2n 1 and Tn1 2n 1
therefore from (i), we have
| (1 i)n | | 2n | | 1 i | n | 2| n , So, number of terms in A. P. n 1
( 2n 0) n 1
Now, Sn1 [2.1 (n 1 1)2]
n 2
12 (1)2
2n ( 2)n 2n
n 1
Sn1 [2 2n] (n 1)2 i.e. i(n1)2
n 2
2n / 2 2n n n 0
2 Now put n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,.....
0 0
Trick : By inspection, (1 i) 2 1 1 n 1, z i 4 1 , n 2, z i 6 1 ,
6. (d) (1 i)5 (1 i)5 (1 i 2)5 25 32 . n 3, z i 8 1 , n 4, z i10 1 ,
2 2 n 5, z i12 1,........
1 i 1 i 2i 2i
7. (c) 2
1 i 1 i 2i 2i 1
16. (c) x 2 cos x 2 2x cos 1 0
x
i584(i8 i6 i4 i 2 1) i584
8. (b) 1 574 1
574 8 6 4
i (i i i i 1) 2
i
2cos 4 cos2 4
x
10
2
i 1 1 1 2 x cos i sin .
9. (d)
17. (a) in in1 in 2 in 3 in[1 i i 2 i 3 ]
S 1 i2 i4 ..... i2n 1 1 1 1 ...... (1)n n
i [1 i 1 i] 0 .
Obviously it depends on n.
18. (c) (1 i)2 1 i 2 2i 2i and
Hence cannot be determined unless n is
2 2
known. (1 i) 1 i 2i 2i
Complex Numbers 71
(1 i)8 (1 i)8 (2i)4 (2i)4 The additive inverse of 1 i is
24 (i 4 i 4 ) z 1 i
Trick : Since (1 i) (1 i) 0 .
25 32.
19. (a) (1 i)10 [(1 i)2 ]5 (2i)5 32i .
(1 i)2 2i 3 i
28. (a) Re Re
3 i 3 i 3 i
20. (a) 1 i 6 (1 i)6 [(1 i)2]3 [(1 i)2]3
(2i)3 (2i)3 (8 8)i3 0 . (1 i)2 2i 3 i
Re Re
21. (d) i i 2 i 3 .......up to 1000 terms 3 i 3 i 3 i
x2 6x 10 0
x y 1 and x y 3 ;
x 3 3x 2 8x 15 x 2, y 1 . Thus point is (2, 1) .
x(x 2 6x 10) 3(x 2 6x 10) 15
(3 2i sin )(1 2i sin )
x(0) 3(0) 15 15 . 30. (c) =
(1 2i sin )(1 2i sin )
23. (b) We have (1 i)2n (1 i)2n 3 4 sin2 8 sin
i
1 i
2n 1 4 sin2 1 4 sin2
1 (i)2n 1 (i)2n (1)2
1 i Now, since it is real, therefore Im (z) 0
(i)2n (i 2 )2 (i)2n (i)4 2n 4 8 sin
n 2. = 0 sin 0 , n
1 4 sin2
(1 i)x 2i (2 3i)y i where n 0 , 1, 2, 3, ......
24. (b) i
3 i 3 i Trick : Check for (a), if n 0, 0 the given
(4 2i)x (9 7i)y 3i 3 10i number is absolutely real but (c) also satisfies
this condition and in (a) and (c), (c) is most
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get
2x 7y 13 and 4x 9y 3 . Hence general value of .
1
1 x4 3x2 4 ......(i)
= 2 sin sin i.2 cos and 2x 3y 5 .....(ii)
2 2 2
1
From (i) and (ii), we get x 2 and y 3,
3
1 sin i.2 cos
1 2 2 Trick : Put x 2, y 3 and then x 2,
2 sin
2 y
1
, we see that they both satisfy the
sin i.2 cos sin i.2 cos
2 2 2 2 3
given equation.
sin i.2 cos (1 i)2 (2i)(2 i) 2 4
2 2 40. (c) We have i .
. 2 i (2 i)(2 i) 5 5
2
2 sin sin 4 cos2 4
2 2 2 Thus Im (z) .
it’s real part 5
41. (a) If z 0. Let z x iy
sin 2 2
z x y i(2xy)2
2 1
Re(z)= 0 x 0. Therefore
2 sin 1 3 cos2 2 1 3 cos2 2
Im(z ) 2xy 0
2 2 2
1 Thus Re(z) 0 Im(z2 ) 0 .
5 3 cos 5(8 6i)
42. (a) a ib
36. (b) (x iy)1 / 3 a ib (x iy) (a ib)3 (1 i)2
a3 3a2 .ib 3a.(ib)2 (ib)3 40 30i
15 20i a ib
a3 3ab2 i(3a2b b3)
2i
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get
a 15 and b 20 .
x y
a2 3b2 and 3a2 b2 43. (d) The two complex numbers can be compare
a b only when their real and imaginary parts are
equal. In other words, there is no meaning of
>, < in complex numbers.
Complex Numbers 73
44. (d) Aliter : z 3 4i (z 3)2 16
1 2i 4i (1 2i)(3 2i) (4 i)(2 i)
z2 6z 25 0
2 i 3 2i (2 i)(3 2i)
z4 3z3 3z2 99z 95
50 120i 10 24
i. (z2 3z 4)(z2 6z 25) 5
65 13 13
(z2 3z 4)(0) 5 5
45. (b) a ib c id , it is defined if and only if
imaginary parts must be equal to zero. 49. (d) If z1 1 i and z2 2 4i
9 6 3 cos
51. (c) i k
x iy, 1 i i 2
4 3 4x 3
k0
5 4 cos 5 4 cos ...... i100 x iy
Trick : Given series is G.P.
3(2 cos i sin )
x iy 1.(1 i101) 1 i
(2 cos i sin )(2 cos i sin ) x iy x iy
1 i 1 i
Let y 0 , then sin 0 i.e., 0 .
1 0i x iy
Now put x 1 then x2 y2 12 0 1 . Equating real and imaginary parts, we get the
Also option (b) gives 4(1) – 3=1. required result.
(p i)2 (p2 1 2pi)(2p i) 1 iz 1 i(b ic) /(1 a) 1 a c ib
47. (d) i 52. (a)
2p i (2p i)(2p i) 1 iz 1 i(b ic) /(1 a) 1 a c ib
2p(p2 2) i(5p2 1) (1 a c ib)(1 a c ib)
4 p2 1 (1 a c)2 b2
sinx cosx
4 2 4
and
3
y
cos2x sin2x 2
Hence, there are four solutions in all.
5 9
or tanx 1 x , , ,...... 7. (c) Here z z (x iy) (x iy) 2x (Real)
4 4 4
……(i) and zz (x iy)(x iy) x2 y2 (Real).
5 9 8. (a) According to condition, 3 ix2y x2 y 4i
and tan2x 1 2x , , ,........
4 4 4 x 2 y 3 and x2y 4
5 9 x 2, y 1
or x , , ....... …..(ii)
8 8 8 (x, y) (2,1) or (2,1)
76 Complex Numbers
2 5i (2 5i)(4 3i) 7 26i
9. (b) .
4 3i 25 25 | z 4| 2 | z 2| 2 (x 4)2 y2 (x 2)2 y2
Therefore conjugate of the complex number is 4x 12 Re(z) 3 .
7 26i 2z1 z 3
. iy or 1 iy , so that
25 19. (b) As given, let
3z2 z2 2
10. (c) As we know if a is real, then a a
z1 3 3
1 iy 1 1 iy
(z a)(z a) (z a)(z a) (z a)(z a) z1 z2 z
2 2 2 1
| z a| 2 z1 z2 z 3 3
1
1 iy 1 1 iy
zi x i(y 1) x i(y 1) z2 2 2
11. (b) Here .
z i x i(y 1) x i(y 1) | z| | z|
2 2
(x y 1) i(2x) 20. (b) | z1 z2 | 2 | z1 z2 | 2
x2 (y 1)2
(x1 x2)2 (y1 y2)2 (x1 x2)2 (y1 y2)2
zi
As is purely imaginary, we get
z i
2(x12 ) 2(y12) 2(x22 ) 2(y22) 2| z1 | 2 2| z2 | 2
x2 y2 1 0 x2 y2 1 zz 1 .
z1
c i 21. (b) Let iy where y R
12. (a) a ib .....(i) z1
c i This gives
ci 1 iy 1 iy 1 iy (1 y ) 2iy 2
a ib .....(ii) z
c i 1 iy 1 iy 1 iy 1 y2
Multiplying (i) and (ii), we get
1 1 y2
2
c 1 | z| (1 y2 )2 4y2 1
a2 b2 a2 b2 1 . 1 y2 1 y2
c2 1 .
13. (c) Given that (x iy)(1 2i) 1 i 22. (c) L.H.S.= | z2 | | (x iy)2 |
1 i 1 i | x2 y2 2ixy| (x2 y2)2 (2xy)2
x iy x iy .
1 2i 1 2i
x 2
y2 2
…..(i)
(2 i) 2
3 4i 3 i 13 9
14. (c) z i R.H.S. | z| 2 | x iy| 2 (x2 y2 )2
3 i 3 i 3 i 10 10
x2 y2 ……(ii)
13 9
Conjugate i . Therefore | z || z| 2 2
10 10
(b) True (c) False (since z z ).
15. (c) z 3 5i , z 3 5i
2 2
23. (b) z 2 | z| 2 | z| 2 2| z| 2 0
3
z | z|
z (3 5i)3 33 (5i)3 3.3.5i (3 5i)
2 4 8
198 10i | z| 1 3 .
2
Hence,
Hence max. value of | z| is 1 3
z 3 z 198 10i 198 3 5 i 198 3 5 i .
z1 z2 z z2
2 3i (2 3i)(4 i) 8 3 12i 2i 24. (c) Given 1 1 cos i sin
16. (b) z1 z2 z1 z2
4i (4 i)(4 i) 16 1
(say)
11 10i
z1 1 cos i sin
17 i cot
z2 1 cos i sin 2
11 10i
Conjugate . which is zero, if n (n I ), and is
17
otherwise purely imaginary.
17. (c) Let z 1 i z 1 i 25. (c) | z| z 1 2i
18. (d) Given inequality | z 4| | z 2|
Complex Numbers 77
Let z x iy , therefore 29. (a) Suppose there exists a complex number z
| x iy| (x iy) 1 2i which satisfies the given equation and is such
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get that | z| 1 .
3 Then z4 z 2 0 2 z4 z
x 2 y2 x 1 and y 2 x
2 | 2| | z4 z|
3
Hence complex number z 2i . 2 | z4 | | z| 2 2, because| z| 1
2
But 2 2 is not possible. Hence given
3 3
Trick : Since 2i 2i equation cannot have a root z such that
2 2 | z| 1
9 3 5 3
4 2i 2i 1 2i 30. (c) We have | zk | 1, k 1, 2,....n
4 2 2 2
2 1
26. (a) Let z1 a ib (a, b) and | zk | 1 zk zk 1 zk
zk
z2 c id (c,d)
Therefore
Where a 0 and d 0 ......(i) | z1 z2 .... zn || z1 z2 .... zn |
Then | z1 || z2 | a2 b2 c2 d2
z1 z2 (a ib) (c id) ( | z | | z |)
Now
z1 z2 (a ib) (c id) 1 1 1
| z1 z2 ..... zn | ....
z1 z2 zn
[(a c) i(b d)][(a c) i(b d)] Aliter : Let
[(a c) i(b d)][(a c) i(b d)] zk cos k i sin k , k 1, 2,....n
z1 1
i cot iz1 cot z2 2[| z1 | 2 | z2 | 2] | z1 | | z2 |
z2 2 2 2
3 2i 3 2i 3 2i
But iz1 kz2 k cot 40. (a)
2 3 2i 3 2i 3 2i
9 4 12i 5 12
Now k cot cot k i
2 2 13 13 13
2k 2 2
tan Modulus = 5 12 1 .
k2 1 13 13
2k (b) z x iy | z| 2 x2 y2 1
tan 41. .....(i)
1 k2
z 1 (x 1) iy (x 1) iy
2k
1 Now,
tan 2
2 tan 1 k z 1 (x 1) iy (x 1) iy
1 k
(x2 y2 1) 2iy 2iy
z1 z2 [by
Now cos i sin 2
(x 1) y 2 (x 1)2 y2
z1 z2
equation (i)]
is the angle between z1 z2 and z 1
Hence, is purely imaginary.
z1 z2 . z 1
37. (b) Let z r(cos i sin ) . 42. (c) Given expression, | 2z 1| | 3z 2| ,
1 1
2 1
Then z 1 z =1 minimum value of | 2z 1| is 0 at z . So
z z 2
2 1 1
1 value of given expression 0 ,
r(cos i sin ) (cos i sin ) 1. 2 2
r
2
2 2 minimum value of | 3z 2| is 0, at z .
1 2 1 2 3
r cos r sin 1
r r
1
r2 2 cos2 1
r2
Complex Numbers 79
1 1 1 i 1 i 1 i (1 i) 2
So value of given expression 0 . So 48. (d)
3 3 1 i 1 i 1 i 2
1 Now
minimum value of given expression is .
3 1 i r(cos i sin ) r cos 1, r sin 1
43. (a) | z| 1| x i y| 1 x 2 y2 1 r 2, / 4
z 1 (x 1) i y (x 1) i y
1 i 2 cos i sin
4 4
z 1 (x 1) i y (x 1) i y
2
1 1
2 2
(x y 1) 2i y 2i y (1 i)2 . 2 cos i sin
2 2
2 2
2 2 4 4
(x 1) y (x 1) y (x 1)2 y2
(x 2 y2 1) By De Moivre's Theorem, cos i sin
2 2
Re( ) 0 .
Hence the amplitude is and modulus is 1.
3 4xi 2
44. (c) i . Taking modulus and
3 4xi 1 i
Trick : arg arg(1 i) arg(1 i)
1 i
2 2
squaring on both sides, 1.
45. (b) We have | z1 | 1 and z2 be any complex 45o (45o ) 90o
number. 1 i 1 i 2
1.
z1 z2 | z z2 | 1 i 1 i 2
1
1 z1z2 z ; 49. (d) Let z x iy, z x iy
1 2
z1 y
Since arg(z) tan 1
z1z1 | z1 | 2
x
y
|z z | arg(z) tan 1
1 2 | z1 | ; Given that | z1 | 1 x
| z1 z2 |
Thus arg(z) arg(z) .
|z z | |z z |
1 2 1 2 1. 5
| z1 z2 | | z1 z2 | 50. (c) | z| 4 and argz 150o
6
46. (d) Let z1 r1 (cos 1 i sin 1) , z2 r2 Let z x iy , then | z| r x2 y2 4
(cos 2 i sin 2) 5
and 150o
6
(r2 sin 1 r2 sin 2)2]1 / 2 x r cos 4 cos 150o 2 3 .
1
and y r sin 4 sin150o 4 2
[r12 r22 1 2 )]
2r1r2 cos( 1/ 2
[(r1 r2 ) ]2 1/ 2
2
(| z1 z2 | | z1 | | z2 |) z x iy 2 3 2i
Therefore 5
Trick : Since argz 150o , here the
cos( 1 2 ) 1 1 2 0 1 2 6
complex number must lie in second quadrant,
Thus arg (z1) arg(z2 ) 0 .
so (a) and (b) rejected. Also | z| 4 which
Trick : | z1 z2 | | z1 | | z2 | z1, z2 lies on satisfies (c) only.
same straight line.
1 i 3 (1 i 3)(1 i 3)
argz1 argz2 argz1 argz2 0 51. (c) If z
1 i 3 (1 i 3)(1 i 3)
47. (d) Let z 5 3i
1 3 2i 3 2 2i 3 1 3
r(cos i sin ) 5 3i i
1 3 4 2 2
r cos 5 and r sin 3
y
3 3 Thus arg(z) tan 1 tan 1 3 60o.
tan
5
tan1
5
x 3
Since the complex number lies in III quadrant,
therefore
80 Complex Numbers
arg(z) is 180o + 60o 240o Where 1 arg(z1), 2 arg(z2 )
Aliter :
1 i 3 1 2) 0 1 2
cos(
arg arg(1 i 3) arg(1 i 3) 2
1 i 3
z z |z |
o o o arg 1 Re 1 1 cos 0
60 60 120 or 240o . z2 2 z2 | z2 | 2
52. (b) It is a fundamental concept.
53. (b) z sin i(1 cos ) z
Note : Also Re 1 0 Re(z1 z2) 0
z2
z1 z2
2 sin2 is purely
1 cos 1 2 imaginary.
amp(z) tan1 tan
sin 63. (c) We have | z1 z2 | 2
2 sin cos
2 2 | z1 | 2 | z2 | 2 2| z1 || z2 | cos( 1 2)
1 arg(z1) and 2 arg(z2)
tan1 tan . where
2 2
Since argz1 argz2 0
1 i 3
54. (a) Let z amp(z) or arg(z) | z1 z2 | 2 | z1 | 2 | z2 | 2 2| z1 || z2 |
1 3
3 /(1 3) (| z1 | | z2 |) 2
1 1
tan tan 3
1 /(1 3) 3 | z1 z2 ||| z1 | | z2 ||
64. (c) Squaring the given relations implies that
3
1
55. (c) arg(1 i 3) tan 120o x1x2 y1y2 0
1
y1 y
because it lies in second quadrant.
Now amp z1 amp z2 tan1 tan1 2
56. (c) x1 x2
3 i 3 i 6 5i i2 6 5i i2
arg arg
y1 y2
2 i 2 i 5
1 x1 x2 y x y2 x1
10 tan tan1 1 2
arg 0. yy x1 x2 y1y2
5 1 1 2
x1x2
57. (a) We know that the principal value of lies
between and .
tan1 .
58. (b) Let z 0 ib , where b 0 . Then z lies on 2
z
+ve y-axis and so arg(z) . 65. (a) We have arg 1
2 z2
59. (d) Let z 0 ib , where b 0 . Then z is
arg(z1) arg(z2 )
represented by a point on OY (negative
direction of y axis), therefore
arg (z1 ) arg (z2 )
Let arg (z2 ) , then arg (z1)
arg(z) .
2 ) i sin( )]
z1 | z1 | [cos(
60. (a) Let z a i0 , where a 0 . Then
is z | z1 | ( cos i sin )
represented by a point on negative side of x-
axis, therefore arg(z) and z2 | z2 | (cos i sin )
61. (c) Since the multiplication of a complex number | z1 | (cos i sin )
by i rotates through it by a right angle in
negative (clockwise) direction. (| z1 || z2 |)
62. (a) We have | z1 z2 | 2 | z1 | 2 | z2 | 2 Hence z1 z2 0 .
| z1 | 2 | z2 | 2 2| z1 || z2 | cos(
1 2)
| z1 | 2 | z2 | 2
Complex Numbers 81
66. (c) amp(z)
.
y y 3 6 6
amp( z) tan 1 tan 1
x x 75. (d) Amplitude of 0 is not defined.
1 sin 76. (a) Since arg z 0 i.e. – ve, we choose arg z = –
67. (d) amp (z) tan
1 cos
tan 1 cot tan1 tan .
68. (c)
2 2 2 2 2
where is
ve
arg (z) [ ( )]
z
arg 1 argz1 arg(z2) argz1 argz2 2 ( ) arg(z)
z2
arg( z) arg(z) . .
arg(z1.z2 )
Option (c) gives the same result. 1 3i 1 3i 3i
77. (d) z
13 5i 3i 3i 3i
69. (b) arg arg(13 5i) arg(4 9i)
4 9i 3 i 3i 3 4i
= i
5 1 9 31 4
tan1 tan
13 4 4 amp (z) / 2 [tan b / a]
70. (b) Let z1 r1(cos 1 i sin 1) 2 2 1 3i
78. (c) z =
Then | z1 | | z2 | | z2 | r1 1 3i 1 3i 1 3i
and arg(z1) arg(z2) 0 2 2 3i
arg(z2) arg(z1) 1 1 3
1 3
z i
1) i sin( 1)] r1(cos1 i sin 1)
z2 r1[cos( 2 2
z1 z1 z2 . 3 / 2 2
arg(z) tan1 .
1 / 2 3
71. (c) | z1 z2 | | z1 | | z2 |
a ib x 2 y2 2xyi (x yi)2 2
Hence tan 3 tan tan .Hence
x iy 3
Note: In the question, it should have been 2
.
given that a, b, x, y R. 3
12. (a) y cos i sin ei , then
7. (d) Since 1 i 2cos i sin ,| 1 i| 2
4 4 1
e i cos i sin
y
| 1 i| x x
2 ( 2)x 2x 2x / 2 2x
1
x y 2 cos .
x x0 y
2
Therefore, the number of non-zero integral 3i
13. (c,d) Since cos i sin
solutions is nil or zero. 2 6 6
8. (a) 3
3 i
3
1 7i (1 7i) (3 4i) 25 25i cos i sin i
1 i
2
6 6
(2 i)2
(3 4i) (3 4i) 25
Let z x iy 1 i and
3i
cos i sin
2 6 6
3
r cos 1 and r sin =1
3
4 3 i
and cos i sin i .
and r 2 2 2
2
1 7i 3 3 Hence the result.
Thus 2 cos i sin 14. (c)
(2 i)2 4 4
1 3
1 7i 1 7i 1 i 3 2 i 2cos i sin 2ei / 3
2 2 3 3
Aliter : 2
(2 i)2 3 4i
(1 i 3)9 (2ei /3 9
) 29.ei(3 )
1 7i 4
and arg tan1 7 tan1 29 (cos3 i sin3 ) 29
3 4i 3
4 3 a ib (1 i 3)9 29 ; b 0.
1 1
tan 7 tan i cos i sin cos i sin
3 4 15. (a) ee e e [e ]
ecos [cos(sin
) i sin(sin
)]
84 Complex Numbers
Real part of ee is ecos [cos(sin
i
)] 5
1
5i 5 i
tan1 i tan1 log 3
i cos i sin
16. (b) Let z ee ecos i sin e e 20. (c)
ze cos
) i sin(sin
)] 3 3 2 5 1
[cos(sin
cos
3
ze ) iecos sin(sin
cos(sin )
5i 1 1
1
)
ecos sin(sin Im tan1 log4 . 2 log2 log2
amp(z) tan cos 3 2 2
e )
cos(sin .
1
sin )] sin .
tan [tan( 21. (a) Let z (1 i) i . Taking log on both sides,
logz i log(
1 i)
1 i 3 1 i 3 3i
17. (c) z z
3i 3i 3i
i log 2 cos i sin
4 4
3 3i i 3 2( 3 i)
z
3 1
4 i log 2e i /4
3i 1
z cos i sin i log2 logei / 4
2 6 6 2
1 i i
Now z cos i sin i log2 2 log2 4
6 6 2 4
100 z e / 4 ei / 2log2 . Taking real part only,
(z)100 cos i sin
6 6 1
Re(z) e / 4 cos log2 .
50 50 2
(z)100 cos i sin
3 3 xi z xi
22. (b) Let z i log log
2 2 xi i xi
cos i sin
3 3 z x i x i
log
(z)100 lies in III quadrant. i x i x i
3 3 4 x 2 1 2ix
18. (d) x 2 3x 1 0 x log
2
x 2 1
3i 3 i
x z x2 1 2x
2 2 2 log 2 i 2 ......(i)
i x 1 x 1
x cos i sin [Taking +ve sign] log(a ib) log(rei ) logr i
6 6
19. (d) Let z 1 i 3 , r 1 3 2 = log a2 b2 i tan1(b / a)
Hence,
3
tan1 2 2 2
1 x2 1
3 z
log 2x i tan1 2x
i x2 1 2
x 1
2
x 1
2 2
z 2 cos i sin [by eqn. (i)]
3 3
20 z x4 1 2x 2 4x 2
2 2 log
(z)20 2 cos i sin i (x 2 1)2
3 3
2x
20 i tan1
20 2 2 2
1 x
2 cos i sin
3 3
log1 i (2 tan1 x) 0 i (2 tan1 x)
20
1 3
220
2
i
. z i 2 2 tan1 x 2 tan1 x
2
2 tan1 x .
23. (c) eiA .eiB .eiC eiAiBiC ei( A B C ) ei
Complex Numbers 85
[ A B C ]
i
4
= cos i sin (1) i(0) 1 . OC z3 z0 re 3
r 2ei
7 i 3 4i
24. (d) z =
3 4i 3 4i z1 z0 rei , z2 z0 rei , z3 z0 r 2ei
21 25i 4 25(1 i) Squaring and adding
= (1 i)
16 9 25 z12 z22 z32 3z02 2(1 2 )z0rei
14 14 2 7
z (1 i) [(1 i) ] =
+ (1 2 4 )r 2ei 2
7 7 7 7
(2i) 2 i 2 i .
3z 20 , since 1 2 0 1 2 4
required length | 2 3i 1 i | 5 .
(b1 ib2)(x iy) (b1 ib2 )(x iy) c
2. (b) Diagonals of a parallelogram ABCD are or 2b1x 2b2y c
bisected each other at a point Which is equation of a straight line.
z z3 z2 z4 Note : It is a fundamental concept.
i.e. 1 z1 z3 z2 z4
2 2 6. (b) Let z1, z2, z3 be three complex numbers in
3. (b) By adding aa on both the sides of A.P.
zz az az b Then 2z2 z1 z3 .
we get, (z a)(z a) aa b Thus the complex number z2 is the mid-point
2 2 2
| z a| | a| b, { zz | z| } of the line joining the points z1 and z3 So
This equation will represent a circle with the three points z1, z2 and z3 are in a
centre z a, if 2
| a| b 0, i.e.| a| b 2
straight line.
since | a| 2 b represents point circle only. 7. (b) Since the triangle with vertices
z1 a i, z2 1 bi and z3 0 is
4. (c) Let r be the circum radius of the equilateral
equilateral, we have
triangle and the cube root of unity.
A(Z1)
Y z12 z22 z32 z1z2 z2z3 z3z1
A(Z1–
(a i)2 (1 ib)2 0 (a i)(1 ib) 0 0
Z 0) r
2 O 2 a2 b2 2i(a b) a b i(1 ab)
X O(Z0
3 3
) Equating real and imaginary parts,
C(Z3–
2
Z0) a2 b2 a b ……(i) and 2(a b) 1 ab
3 B(Z2) C(Z3) ..... (ii)
Let ABC be the equilateral triangle with From (i), (a b)[(a b) 1] 0
z1, z2 and z3 as its vertices A, B and C either a b or a b 1
respectively with circumcentre O(z0 ) . The Taking a b , we get from (ii)
vectors OA, OB, OC are equal and 4a 1 a2 or a2 4a 1 0
parallel to OA, OB, OC respectively.
4 16 4
a 2 3
Then the vectors OA z1 z0 rei 2
2
Since 0 a 1 and 0 b 1, we have
i
OB z2 z0 re 3
re a b 2 3
86 Complex Numbers
Taking a b 1 or b 1 a, we get from (ii) 13. (a,b) It is given that OP OQ
2 1 a(1 a) or a a 1 0 , which gives
2 | OP | | OQ | | a ib| | c id|
imaginary values of a . Hence a b 2 3 Also OP OQ, OP OQ 0
is the required value of a and b . (a c) i(b d) 0 a c 0 b d
8. (a) Let 1 5z , then 1 5z
14. (c) We have zk 1 a a2 ..... ak 1
1 ak
| 1| 5 | z | 5 2 10 ( | z| 2,
given value)
1 a
Thus lies on a circle. zk
1
ak
9. (c) Given the vertices of quadrilateral 1 a 1 a
A(1 2i), B(3 i),C(2 3i) and 1 | ak | | a| k 1
zk
D(2 2i) 1 a | 1 a| | 1 a| | 1 a|
Now, 1 1
AB 16 1 17, BC 16 1 17 zk lies within z .
1 a | 1 a|
CD 16 1 17, DA 16 1 17
AC 9 25 34, BD 25 9 34
Hence it is a square.
10. (d) | z| 42 (3)2 5
4 3 4 3
3| z| i 15 i 12 9i
5 5 5 5
11. (b) Since maximum distance of any complex
number from origin is given by | |
therefore,
1 1 1 1 1
| | 2
||
2 2 2
| | 2 2| | 1 0 | |
2
Hence max | | is 1 2.
12. (b) 3 4i i.e., (3,4) lie in fourth quadrant in
complex plane, after turned anticlockwise
through 180o this will lie in II quadrant,
therefore, the number will be 3 4i , now
after stretching it 2.5 times i.e., multiplying by
2.5, the required complex number will be
15
10i .
2