VELALAR COLLEGE OF ENGG AND TECH

REALISATION OF EFFECTIVE
BORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM
USING BLUETOOTH

R.THENMOZHI, P.SOUNTHARYA,

EEE DEPT, ECE DEPT,

thenmozhi2k7@gmail.com sountharyaece@gmail.com
ABSTRACT

This paper suggests a viable alternative to the deployment of large-

scale troops in the border under inhospitable conditions. It is a drain on our
economy maintaining such a large contingent of soldiers in a place like
Siachen, etc., but our national security cannot be compromised for any
reasons. Keeping this in mind, we have developed our own alternative for
this, using Bluetooth technology named “BORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM”
or shortly BDS. Bluetooth is a specification for using radio waves to enable
computers, cell phones and other devices to communicate with each other
through wireless over short distance protocol connecting devices upto 1
Gbps and distance upto 10m.

This consists of a collection of weapon systems, called the

“MATRIX”, interconnected with each other using Bluetooth technology, as
maintaining wires in such a place is a cumbersome task. The signals from a
biosensor and IR camera are given to the memory unit, which contains some
standard reference with which the input signal is compared and the decision
is taken. At the same time a message is sent to the headquarters. The MCU
also has a radar that monitors aerial intrusion. This system is self blasting
type i.e. if any intruder tries to cross any link or lay his hand on any weapon
system it will blast itself, thus giving time for troop to be mobilized. Though
camera and weapon systems are costly, the cost is nothing when compared
to the exorbitant cost of maintaining a troop and that of human lives.

BORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM USING BLUETOOTH

TECHNOLOGY

The BORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM (BDS) using Bluetooth technology is

proposed, as maintaining wires in border area is a cumbersome task.
BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth is a defacto open standard for short-range digital radio. It is

designed to operate in the unlicensed ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical
applications) band, which is generally available in most parts of the world.

Some specifications of Bluetooth technology,

1) Frequency – 2.4 GHz (Unlicensed ISM band)
2) Transmitting power - 2.5mW
3) Expected range – 10m (may be increased upto 100m using
amplifier)
The specification includes air interface protocols to allow several
Bluetooth applications to intercommunicate simultaneously, and to
overcome external sources of interference such as domestic and commercial
microwave ovens. The aim of the promoters of Bluetooth is to enable the
intercommunication of just about any piece of apparatus with any other and
consequently one of the main constraints on the design must be the cost,
When the Infra Red Interface, common on mobile phones and PCs today,
was conceived, it was appreciated that to persuade equipment manufacturers
to implement this interface, the cost of implementation had to low. A
sophisticated radio interface is more complicated (and more flexible) than
the IR interface and therefore more expensive.

In addition to cost, the size matters. With ever-decreasing form factors

and weight, any new addition to a piece of electronic apparatus must be
small, light and consume minimum power from the host system or separate
battery. The Bluetooth implementation is feasible in a very small footprint
comprising a single chip and associated RF components, and should be
relatively easy to install in anticipated applications. It consumes minimum
power.

Bluetooth has the potential for impacting many areas, including

applications that would have been inconceivable a few years ago e.g. a
fridge- freezer telling a microwave oven what ingredients are available,
allowing the microwave to suggest menu options. However, one particular
area where Bluetooth will have a significant impact is in the support of other
wireless delivery mechanisms such as cellular telephony. While national
networks are suited to delivering communications on the move or wireless to
any location, purely local interconnections is better handled by a local
communication system. To deliver telephony based services from one
undefined location to another, and to distribute the services and functions at
those locations requires a hybrid solution, at the core of which is a cellular
handset with an in-built Bluetooth transceiver.
Bluetooth, through its flexibility and ultimately low cost, can provide
the entire local interconnection, plus a gateway to the national networks
when this is required. While there are other solutions already available that
could conceivably provide similar local service support, they are less
flexible, have specific shortcomings or are more expensive than a Bluetooth
solution.

BORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM

INPUT UNIT
The input consists of the signal obtained from three receivers that act
separately, namely
1) Biosensor
2) IR camera
3) Radar

 BIOSENSOR
Biosensor is used to sense any moving object and hence it senses any
movement across the border and this is reported to the main control unit
(MCU) of the weapon system.

IR CAMERA

As the biosensor senses any living object, it would be a waste if the

weapon system starts firing on a polar bear or any other living being. In
order to increase the accuracy an IR camera is also used. The IR camera
rotates upto 180 at a suitable speed and records any change in temperature
due to any living being. IR camera is programmed for human temperature,
as the human being is a warm-blooded animal, the temperature does not
change with the temperature of the surroundings. Hence the IR camera helps
in accurately detecting the human beings.
RADAR

A radar is also provided on the MCU to sense the aircraft or missiles

crossing the border.

SCHEMATIC DIAGAM OF BDS

MAIN CONTROL UNIT

The input from these three, that is, biosensors, IR cameras and radar
are fed to the MCU and is compared with the standard data in the memory
and the appropriate message is sent to the weapon matrix and the HQ.
By using transceivers which receive these signals by means of
Bluetooth technology, the MCU identifies the intrusion and generates
necessary signals and transmits them to the weapon matrix and the HQ. The
transducers in the weapons convert them to mechanical output which
triggers these weapons. The weapons also communicate with the next
weapon system through a transmitter across the matrix.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE INPUT UNIT

IRCAM ----- Infra red cameras
B.S ----- Biosensors
L.R.R. ----- Long Range Radar
T.R ----- Transceiver
PRCS ----- Processors

WEAPON MATRIX

The weapon matrix is comprised of a collection of weapon units. Each

weapon unit is located at a distance of less than 100m (radially) to ensure
connectivity. The weapon units are arranged in a hexagonal matrix to ensure
that all units can communicate
with the nearby units.

COMMUNICATION BETWEEN WEAPON UNITS

BLUETOOTH TRANSCEIVERS

The bluetooth transceivers play the vital role in communicating

between the two bluetooth devices and thus transferring necessary
information. It sends and receives signals between the sensors and the MCU,
thus helping to identify cross border activities. Similarly it also connects the
MCU and the weapon matrix thus establishing security over the border area
without much loss of life.
This system is self-blasting type, that is, in spite of all these
precautions, if any intruder tries to cross any link or tries to manhandle with
any of the weapon units of the matrix or the sensors even, they will blast
themselves and signal the MCU, giving time for troops to be mobilized and
further action to be taken.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A SINGLE WEAPON UNIT

ALGORITHM

1) Input the signals from the receiver units to MCU.

2) Compare the input signals with the standard data in the memory.
3) A decision is taken based on the comparison results.
4) Area of intrusion is determined from the input data.
5) Message is sent to weapon units in the matrix based on these data.
6) Processors interpret the message and convert them into signals.
7) These signals are given to transducer and timing unit.
8) The timing unit calculates the time of travel, time of launch etc.,
9) Processor determines other necessary data.
10)The transducer triggers the weapon system.
11) A weapon unit starts doing given action.
12) Signals are sent to the HQ from MCU using CDMA technique.
13) A check is employed to see if enemy is destroyed.
14) If not all actions are repeated.
15) The security of the weapon unit is checked.
16) If something wrong, the weapon unit sends a signal to MCU and
blasts itself.
17) If all intruders have been destroyed a signal is sent to HQ by MCU.
18) All military actions are ended.
19) Normal scanning routine is continued.
CONCLUSION:

Of all the applications existing using Bluetooth, our application

uses the Bluetooth technology to the optimum level. As maintenance of the
wires in such an area is a cumbersome task, Bluetooth would be the ideal
option. The RF communication for short range is very complex and costly.
Moreover here we are using three receivers, biosensor, IR camera, radar.
Bluetooth is the option for networking them. Our paper can be also
implemented without Bluetooth using wires, as we know Bluetooth is also
fully implemental, hence our application can be implemented to the full
extent. Our paper gives the complete architecture of every entity in the
simplest way possible. Hence it is easy for a reader to implement it. As this
application is used for defence purpose, security of the system is important,
Bluetooth being a short-range communication it is impossible for the enemy
to interfere in the band unlike in RF communication field. Of all the
sophistication given by the electronics and communication field to the
defence, this blue tooth technology is certainly a boon to the defence.

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