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Written by AZoM Jul 5 2012 ArticleID=14795)
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Stress Relieving
Applications

Introduction
AISI 1020 is a low hardenability and low tensile carbon steel with Brinell hardness of 119 –
235 and tensile strength of 410-790 MPa. It has high machinability, high strength, high
ductility and good weldability. It is normally used in turned and polished or cold drawn
condition. Due to its low carbon content, it is resistant to induction hardening or flame
hardening. Due to lack of alloying elements, it will not respond to nitriding. However,
carburization is possible in order to obtain case hardness more than Rc65 for smaller
sections that reduces with an increase in section size. Core strength will remain as it has
been supplied for all the sections. Alternatively, carbon nitriding can be performed,
offering certain benefits over standard carburizing.

AISI 1020 steel can be largely utilized in all industrial sectors in order to enhance
weldability or machinability properties. It is used in a variety of applications due to its cold
drawn or turned and polished finish property.

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The chemical composition of AISI 1020 steel is:

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The physical properties of AISI 1020 steel are: SupplierID=11531)
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The mechanical properties of AISI 1020 steel are: 16 Jan 2018

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Hardness, Brinell 111 111 Reflectometry (/article.aspx?ArticleID=15049)
Hardness, Knoop (Converted from Brinell hardness) 129 129
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Hardness, Rockwell B(Converted from Brinell hardness) 64 64 SupplierID=12145)
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Tensile Strength, Ultimate 394.72 MPa 57249 psi
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Shear Modulus (Typical for steel) 80.0 GPa 11600 ksi

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In the cold drawn or turned and polished

condition, AISI 1020 steel has high machinability.
As per recommendations of machine
manufacturers, AISI 1020 steel can be used for
drilling, turning, milling and tapping operations
using suitable feeds, tool type and speeds.
Weldability
AISI 1020 can be welded by performing the most
common welding processes. In the cold drawn
or turned and polished condition, it has better
weldability. It has been suggested that the
welding process should not be performed in
heat treated or carburized condition.
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ASTM C565-15: Standard Test Methods for
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ASTM E110-14: Standard Test Method for
Rockwell and Brinell Hardness of Metallic
Materials by Portable Hardness Testers
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Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

ASTM C1548-02(2012): Standard Test Method

Heat Treatment for Dynamic Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus,

and Poisson's Ratio of Refractory Materials by
Impulse Excitation of Vibration
Annealing
AISI 1020 steel is heated at 870°C - 910°C followed by holding for certain time until the
temperature remains constant all over the section. It is then cooled in a furnace.

Carburizing
AISI 1020 is heated to between 880°C - 920°C in a suitable carburizing atmosphere
followed by holding for sufficient amount of time to produce the needed carbon content
and case depth. After this, refining/hardening and tempering processes are carried out to
optimize the core and case properties.

Core Refining
AISI 1020 steel is slowly cooled and re-heated at 870°C - 900°C followed by holding until
the temperature remains constant all over the section and quenching in water, oil or
brine.

Case Hardening
After performing the core refining process, it is re-heated to 760°C - 780°C followed by
holding until the temperature is consistent all over the section. It is then quenched in
water.

Tempering
AISI 1020 steel is re-heated at 150°C - 200°C followed by holding for certain time until the
temperature remains constant throughout the section. It is soaked for 1 hour per 25 mm
of section and then cooled under normal atmosphere. By performing the tempering
process, the toughness of the case will be improved and grinding cracks will be reduced.

Normalizing
AISI 1020 steel is heated at 890°C - 940°C followed by holding until the temperature
remains constant throughout the section. It is soaked for 10 - 15 minutes and then cooled
in still air.

Stress Relieving
AISI 1020 steel is heated to 650°C - 700°C followed by holding until the temperature
remains constant all over the section and soaking for 1 hour per 25 mm of section. It is
then cooled in still air.

Applications
AISI 1020 steel is used in case hardened condition. The applications of AISI 1020 steel are:

It is used for simple structural application such as cold headed bolts.

AISI 1020 steel also finds use in the following components:
axles
general engineering parts and components
machinery parts
shafts
camshafts
gudgon pins
ratchets
light duty gears
worm gears and
spindles
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Comments

Yousif Drizzy says:

March 24, 2014 at 2:47 PM
My question is, is it easier or more difficult to form martensite in a 1020 steel than in a
eutectoid steel?

Reply 0 0

Andy Saputra says:

September 17, 2016 at 11:54 PM
u need to analyze both of the isothermal diagram of the eutectoid steel to this one.

Reply 0 0

Pintu Chaurasiya says:

April 20, 2015 at 4:57 PM
my question is which one is best for gears of baja car either 1020 or en 353 ?

Reply 0 0

Heubach Mahendra says:

April 18, 2016 at 9:34 AM
AISI 1017
AISI 1018
AISI 4130

Reply 0 0

Saima Muneer says:

February 24, 2017 at 11:27 PM
what is the austenitizing temperature of 1020 steel and what type of micro structural changes
take place during heat treatment and austenitization.

Reply 1 0

Saima Muneer says:

February 24, 2017 at 11:29 PM
thank you

Reply 0 0

vinay kumar says:

March 21, 2017 at 2:16 AM
I Would like to make a Go Kart .which is the best material in high strength in mediam costand
light in weight

Reply 0 0

NASHORNS PCCOER says:

April 26, 2017 at 2:41 PM
BEST SUITABLE MATERIAL FOR BAJA CHASSIS MANUFACTURING. MAIN FOCUS ON COST,
WEIGHT, STRENGTH
 Reply 0 0

The opinions expressed here are the views of the writer and do not necessarily reflect the views and
opinions of AZoM.com.

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