THERMAL ENGINEERING - II

2nd YEAR MECHANICAL

Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 70

1. A. Fill in the blanks: (Answer any ten) 1x10

i) Superheated steam behaves like __________. (perfect gas)
ii) Natural draught is produced by __________. (chimney)
iii) Modified Rankin cycle is used in __________. (steam engine)
iv) Thermal efficiency of reheat cycle is __________ than that of regenerative cycle. (less)
v) Reheat cycle is widely used in steam __________. (power plant)
vi) Efficiency of Carnot cycle is __________ than that of Rankin cycle. (greater)
vii) If the condenser shell is leaky, the __________ may enter into the condenser. (air)
viii) Overall efficiency of a steam plant __________ with the use of condenser. (increases)
ix) In condenser the water resulting from condensation is called __________. (condensate)
x) During compression of air in any air compressor, delivery valve should be kept __________. (closed)
xi) Minimum work is done by a compressor, when the law of compression is __________. (PV = C)
xii) Compressor capacity will be __________ if the temperature of the intake air is the lowest. (highest)
xiii) The refrigerant commonly used in vapor absorption system is __________. (NH 3)
xiv) Bell Coleman cycle is reversed __________. (Joule cycle)
xv) During sensible heating of air specific humidity __________. (decrease)

B. State whether true or false: (Answer any ten) 1x10

i) In locomotive boilers, the draught is produced by chimney.(True)
ii) Cochran boiler is a fire tube boiler. (True)
iii) In economizer feed water is heated by fresh steam from turbine. (False)
iv) Fusible plug is a boiler mounting. (True)
v) An ideal regenerative cycle is equivalent to Carnot cycle. (True)
vi) In Rankin cycle working substance is to be only gas. (False)
vii) Rankin cycle as compared to Carnot cycle has high work ratio. (True)
viii) Sub cooling of condensate in steam condenser will increase the plant efficiency. (False)
ix) If air is removed from a surface condenser, there is fall in absolute pressure maintained in the condenser. (True)
x) Actual vacuum in a condenser is equal to barometric pressure actual pressure. (True)
xi) The ratio of work done per cycle to the swept volume in case of compressor is called mean effective pressure.
(True)
xii) Ratio of I. P. and B. P. is known as mechanical efficiency. (True)
xiii) Dew point temperature is always an indication of moisture content in air. (True)
xiv) In humidification process R. H. decreases. (False)
xv) On psychometric chart DBT lines are horizontal. (False)

GROUP – A( Answer any 5 only) 5x10

2. a) Enumerate the advantages of water tube boiler over fire tube boiler.
b) What are the different sources of heat losses in boiler plant? How could you minimize it?

3. a) What do you mean by accessories? Name four important accessories of a boiler plant and state their function.
b) Define –I ) Equivalent evaporation, ii) Thermal efficiency of a boiler.

4. The temperature of water entering the boiler is 25° C, and it leaves the boiler as steam at a pressure of 8.33 bar and
dryness fraction 0.97. The amount of steam generated per hour is 13000 kg and the coal consumed is 1620 kg. The
calorific value of coal is 315000 KJ/kg. Determine – i) The amount of steam generated per kg of coal.
ii) Thermal efficiency of the boiler, and
iii) Equivalent evaporation from and at 100° C.

Thermal Engineering – II - 1
5. a) What do you understand by draught? What are the various methods for producing draughts?
b) Find the draught produced in terms of-i) mm of water column ii) meter of column of hot gases by chimney 30m high.
The temperature of flue gases and of flue gases and ambient air is 300 0 C and 250 C respectively and 18 kg of air is
supplied for complete combustion of 1kg of fuel.

6. a)State the limitations of Carnot Vapour power cycle.

a) Why Rankin cycle modified?
b) Represent Rankin cycle in P – V and T – S diagrams, assuming isentropic vaporization.

7. a) What is regenerative feed heating? What are the advantages of regenerative feed heating?
b) What is Reheat cycle? What are the purposes of reheating steam?

8. a) What is the function of condenser?

b) Name four elements in a steam condensing plant along with their respective functions.
c) What are the sources of air leakage into the condenser?

9. a) Taking clearance into consideration, deduce a formula for the work done by a single stage single acting reciprocating
compressor.
b) Define the terms – i) I. P., ii) B. P., iii) Mechanical efficiency, iv) Isothermal efficiency, v) Free air delivered.

10. a)With a neat sketch explain the working principle of Bell – Coleman cycle for air refrigeration. Draw P – V and diagram.
Deduce C.O.P. of the cycle.
b) Draw the arrangements as used for summer air-conditioning. Label different components and indicate air flow directions.

11. a) What do you mean by psychrometry?

b) Define the following terms in connection with psychrometry-
i) DBT, ii) WBT, iii) Absolute humidity, iv) Specific humidity, v) Relative humidity,vi) Dew point temperature,
vii) Vapor density.

Thermal Engineering – II - 2