DESCRIBING COUNTRIES, MAKING COMPARISONS, EXPRESSING OPINIONS

GROUP 10

LECTURER : MARLENI, M.Pd

MEMBERS : OKTAVIA SARI (2018143132)
MELLY ANDRIANI (2018143129)
SITI WALIDAH (2018143147)
NUR BILLAH RIZKY W (2018143321)

PRIMARY TEACHER EDUCATION

FACULTY TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY PGRI PALEMBANG ACADEMIC YEAR 2019/2020
 DISCUSSION

DESCRIBING COUNTRY INDONESIA

Indonesia is a country in Southeast Asia and Australasia/Oceania. It is part of
the Malay Islands. It has 18,108 islands. People live on about 6,000 of these islands. The
most important islands of Indonesia are Java, Bali, Borneo, Sulawesi, and Sumatra. The
capital of Indonesia is Jakarta, on Java. The president now is Joko Widodo. Modern
Indonesia began on the 17th of August 1945. At 10 o'clock on that Friday morning, Ir.
Soekarno read Indonesia's Declaration of Independence. Indonesia's Independence Day is a
national holiday.
Indonesia is the fourth most populated country in the world with 238,452,952 people
(2004 est.) Half of the population lives in Java, There are 111 people per km² and the
population of men and women is roughly equal. The land area is 1.904 million km2, or
slightly smaller than Mexico. The official language of Indonesia is Bahasa Indonesia, but a
total of 737 languages are spoken in different parts of Indonesia. Most of these many
languages are only spoken among remote tribal groups. Other languages widely spoken in
Indonesia include Javanese, Balinese and Sundanese. Indonesia's neighborsare Papua New
Guinea, Malaysia, and East Timor which share land borders with Indonesia. Other nearby
countries are Australia to the south, Singapore to the Northwest, and Philippines to the
Northeast.
Indonesia has the most active volcanoes of any country in the world. It also close
to fault lines so there are many earthquakes and tsunamis.
Most people in Indonesia follow Islam, but Indonesia is not an Islamic country by law.
Indonesia has the largest Muslim population on earth. Other religions Indonesians follow
include Christianity (Protestant and Roman Catholic), Hinduism, and Buddhism.

A. Provinces
Indonesia has 34 provinces. Five of them have special status. Each province has its
own legislature and governor. The provinces are divided into regencies (kabupaten) and cities
(kota). These are further divided into districts (kecamatan), and again into village groupings
(either desa or kelurahan).
The Indonesian province and its capital include:
Sumatra
1. Aceh – Banda Aceh
2. North Sumatra (Sumatera Utara) – Medan
3. West Sumatra (Sumatera Barat) – Padang
4. Riau – Pekanbaru
5. Riau Islands (Kepulauan Riau) – Tanjung Pinang
6. Jambi – Jambi (city)
7. South Sumatra (Sumatera Selatan) – Palembang
8. Bangka-Belitung (Kepulauan Bangka-Belitung) – Pangkal Pinang
9. Bengkulu – Bengkulu (city)
10. Lampung – Bandar Lampung

Java
1. Special Capital Territory of Jakarta (Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota Jakarta)  – Jakarta
2. Banten – Serang
3. West Java (Jawa Barat) – Bandung
4. Central Java (Jawa Tengah) – Semarang
5. Yogyakarta Special Region (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta) – Yogyakarta (city)
6. East Java (Jawa Timur) – Surabaya

Lesser Sunda Islands

1. Bali – Denpasar
2. West Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Barat) – Mataram
3. East Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Timur) – Kupang

Kalimantan
1. West Kalimantan (Kalimantan Barat) – Pontianak
2. Central Kalimantan (Kalimantan Tengah) – Palangkaraya
3. South Kalimantan (Kalimantan Selatan) – Banjarmasin
4. East Kalimantan (Kalimantan Timur) – Tenggarong Seberang
5. North Kalimantan (Kalimantan Utara) –Tanjung Selor

Sulawesi
1. North Sulawesi (Sulawesi Utara) – Manado
2. Gorontalo – Gorontalo (city)
3. Central Sulawesi (Sulawesi Tengah) – Palu
4. West Sulawesi (Sulawesi Barat) – Mamuju
5. South Sulawesi (Sulawesi Selatan) – Makassar
6. South East Sulawesi (Sulawesi Tenggara) – Kendari

Maluku Islands
1. Maluku – Ambon
2. North Maluku (Maluku Utara) – Sofifi

Western New Guinea

1. West Papua (Papua Barat) – Manokwari
2. Papua – Jayapura

B. People and culture

There are people of many different cultural groups living in Indonesia, has more than
700 ethnic groups. It is affected by Indians, Chinese people, Arabs, Malays and Europeans.
The Javan hawk-eagle is the national bird.

C. Food and Drink

Rice is Indonesia's staple food and no main dish does not have a serving of hot rice.
Goring rice is a typical rice meal enjoyed by most Indonesians. This refers to fried rice
accompanied by a thick sauce made from soybeans known as Ketchup. Goring rice can be
decorated with pickled cucumbers, pickles, or crispy carrots. The materials used in Goring
Rice will also vary from one location to another; However, the flavor is unique. Uduk Rice is
a delicious rice that is often enjoyed by expatriates. This is mainly rice boiled in coconut milk
and accompanied by meat or vegetable dishes. On the streets, Uduk Rice is usually seasoned
with fried chicken, soybean cake (tempeh), or boiled eggs. You can also add some nutcracker
melinjo for a crisper taste.
Indonesians like coffee. Indonesian coffee is considered one of the best in Asia and is
often seasoned with lots of sugar and condensed milk.
Indonesians are friendly people who don't mind sharing food with friendly strangers. Eating
is done with fingers, spoons, or forks. When eating with your fingers, always use your right
hand. Besides that, don't eat everything. Leaving a little food on your plate, or drinking it in
your bottle, is considered polite.
D. Transport
The first is land transportation, in Indonesia there are a lot of land transportation, from
traditional ones such as horse carts, pedicabs, ontel bikes, steam trains and many others.
following the development of the era of land transportation equipment is increasingly
growing, from the way it works does not use the engine to the present that uses machinery
such as motorbikes, four-wheeled cars, electric trains, busways, taxis, magic and many
others.
The second is air transportation. The only air transportation that is often used in
Indonesia is aircraft. Indonesia was the first to be able to create an airplane and was
successful in its flight test when Indonesia was under the leadership of President BJ. Habibie.
thanks to his hard work and intelligence finally Indonesia was able to launch the aircraft for
the first time successfully, from a plane flight created by Bj. Habibie Indonesia has not
launched a plane made by Indonesia itself.
The last is sea / water transportation. This water transportation is more widely used in
ancient times because it was considered safer and easier. sea transportation that was first
known in Indonesia was canoes, canoes in the form of assemblies from several bamboos
which were joined together and how it worked was still manual / not using a machine. until
now there are more and more land transportation equipment that are developed and used in
Indonesia, such as submarines, ships, speed boats and many others. not only that, maybe for
several years later transportation equipment in Indonesia can be more and more varied .
DESCRIBING COUNTRY MALAYSIA
Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. It is a federation which has 13 states. It is
divided into two parts by the South China Sea. Its mainland is on the Malay Peninsula. It
faces the Straits of Malacca on its west coast and the South China Sea on its east coast. The
other part of this country, sometimes known as East Malaysia, is on the northern part of the
island of Borneo in the South China Sea. Kuala Lumpur on the Malay Peninsula is its capital.
The federal capital was recently moved to Putrajaya, a newly created cityexclusively
designed for administration.
The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, with most people being Malay, but
there are also Chinese and Indians. Its official language is Malay written in the Latin
alphabet. English is a recognised language and also the official language in Sarawak state
along with Malay. Tamil and Chinese is also often used. There are over 130 other languages
spoken in Malaysia, with 94 in Malaysian Borneo and 40 on the peninsula. Islam is the
official religion, but non-Malay citizens have the freedom to practice other religions.

A. Cities
The following is a list of places in Malaysia. They are in order by the date they were
given city status.
1. George Town (1 January 1957)
2. Kuala Lumpur (1 February 1972)
3. Ipoh (27 May 1988)
4. Kuching (1 August 1988)
5. Johor Bahru (1 January 1994)
6. Kota Kinabalu (2 February 2000)
7. Shah Alam (10 October 2000)
8. Melaka City (15 April 2003)
9. Alor Setar (21 December 2003)
10. Miri (20 May 2005)
11. Petaling Jaya (20 June 2006)
12. Kuala Terengganu (1 January 2008)
13. Iskandar Puteri (22 November 2017)

B. Religion
 Malaysia is a multi-religious society, and Islam is the largest.
C. Culture
Malaysia is a multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multilingual society, consisting of 65%
Malays and other indigenous tribes, 25% Chinese, 7% Indians. The Malays, which form the
largest community, are all Muslims since one has to be Muslim to be legally Malay under
Malaysian law. The Malays play a dominant role politically and are included in a grouping
identified as bumiputera.

D. Food and drink

Many cultures from within the country and from surrounding areas have influenced
the cuisine. Much of the influence comes from the Malay, Chinese, Indian, Thai, Javanese,
and Sumatran cultures, largely because the country was part of the ancient spice route.
Food from one culture is sometimes also cooked using ways taken from another
culture, for example, shrimp paste (belacan) and sambal are commonly used by Chinese
restaurants for cooking. This means that although much of Malaysian food can be traced back
to a certain culture, they have their own identity. Rice is popular in many dishes. Chili is
commonly found in local cuisine, although this does not necessarily make them spicy.
Examples are laksa, which is a spicy noodle dish common in Malaysia and teh tarik, which is
a popular drink.

E. Transport
Malaysia's road network covers 98,721 kilometres (61,342 mi) and includes
1,821 kilometres (1,132 mi) of expressways. The longest highway of the country, the North-
South Expressway, extends over 800 kilometres (497 mi) between the Thai border
and Singapore. The road systems in Sabah and Sarawak are less developed and of lower
quality in comparison to that of Peninsular Malaysia. Malaysia has 118 airports, of which 38
are paved. The official airline of Malaysia is Malaysia Airlines, providing international and
domestic air service alongside two other carriers. The railway system is state-run, and covers
a total of 1,849 kilometres (1,149 mi). There are also Light Rail Transit in Kuala Lumpur.
MAKING COMPARISONS
1. Malaysia's independence was given by Britain while Indonesia was born and became the
largest nation in the world in a heroic way, expelling the world's largest imperialist nations
such as the Netherlands, Britain, Japan. Soekarno, Bung Hatta, General Sudirman, Bung
Tomo were great heroes of Indonesian history. Malaysia was independent because it was
given Britain and Malaysians were not enthusiastic about their independence when colonized
by the British Empire.
2. The center of Malay culture is Sumatra, not Malaysia. Malays were initially centered in the
Malay Kingdom and Srivijaya based in Jambi and Palembang. The basis of Malaysian culture
is only Malay, and even then it is inferior to Sumatra. Malay songs, dances and literature on
Sumatra are far more numerous. And Malay culture is only one of thousands of Indonesian
cultures that are very superior and rich.
3. National Anthem of Indonesia Raya Vs Malaysia. The Indonesian national anthem is one
of the most heroic national anthem in the world, and is always sung by the Indonesian people
with a sense of pride and high nationalism. The Malaysian national anthem, it turns out, is
just the result of tracing songs of people.
4. Malaysia Super Corridor. Malaysia has made the sophisticated Malaysia Multimedia Super
Corridor internet network that they are very proud of. Indonesia has Onno Purbo, and Onno
Purbo was invited to be a speaker at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research,
which is the origin of the birth of the internet in the world
5. Malaysia Can't Have Democracy. Malaysia is still an authoritarian country. And vice versa
is a great miracle, that a nation as big and complex as Indonesia has been able to build a good
democratic system. And we get a lot of praise from other countries because democracy in
Indonesia runs well and is conducive.
EXPRESSING OPINIONS
The Indonesian nation is a rich country. I mention that Indonesia is rich because the
Indonesian state has a lot of ethnicity/race, religion, customs/culture diversity that is found in
every region. Indonesia also has many islands and is one of the countries with a wealth of
spicesoverflow.
About the transportation, because in malaysia they have MRT and it was very good
and quickly almost similar in singapore. And the city, complete, all the Department of there,
and there is also the town free in the city, and we can wait for the free bus and we go
wherever we go, and we don’t pay. That makes surprised thst, in indonesia motorcycle very
much, almost all people have a motorcycle, especially the school almost everything bring the
motor. But in malaysia his motorcycle is not much perhaps because they their public
transport is good, so people choose to ride public transportation.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/indonesia
Https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/malaysia