SBS-10 (2010) PDF

Studies in Byzantine Sigillography
10
Studies in
Byzantine Sigillography
Founded by
Nicolas Oikonomides
Editorial Board
Ivan Jordanov, Bulgaria
John W. Nesbitt, USA
Elena Stepanova, Russia
Christos Stavrakos, Greece
Alexandra-Kyriaki Wassiliou, Austria
De Gruyter
Studies in
Byzantine Sigillography
10
Edited by
Jean-Claude Cheynet
and
Claudia Sode
De Gruyter
Published with the assistance of the CNRS (UMR 8167),
the “Institut universitaire de France”
and the “Association Internationale des Études Byzantines”.
ISBN 978-3-11-022704-8
e-ISBN 978-3-11-022705-5
ISSN 1097-4806
Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek

Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der
Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind
im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar.
© 2010 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/New York
Druck: AZ Druck und Datentechnik GmbH, Kempten

∞ Gedruckt auf säurefreiem Papier
Printed in Germany
www.degruyter.com
CONTENTS
Foreword .......................................................................................... VII
Abbreviations .................................................................................... IX
First part : Contributions to the Session of Sigillography of the

XXIth Congress in London (August 2006)
Jean - Claude Cheynet
La mise en place des thèmes d’après les sceaux : les stratèges .... 1
Elena Stepanova
Victoria - Nike, on Early Byzantine Seals .................................. 15
Alexandra - Kyriaki Wassiliou-Seibt
Der Name Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos.
Identifizierungsvorschläge anhand Sigillographischer Funde ... 25
Ivan Jordanov
Byzantine Lead Seals from The Village of Melnitsa (District of 33
Elkhovo, Bulgaria), Part II. ...............................................................
Sophie Métivier
Sceaux des musées de Kayseri et de Nigde
(Cappadoce byzantine) ............................................................... 61
Christos Stavrakos
Die byzantinischen Bleisiegel der Sammlung Konstantinos
Kalantzis in Agrinion (Griechenland) ........................................ 75
Second part : Notes of Sigillography
John W. Nesbitt
An unpublished Seal of The Patriarch of Constantinople and
New Rome, Stephanos II (925—927) ........................................... 85
Werner Seibt
Übernahm der Französische Normanne Hervé (Erbebios
Phrangopolos) nach der Katastrophe von Mantzikert das
Kommando über die verbliebene Ostarmee? ............................. 89
Un nouveau boullôtèrion découvert en Turquie ......................... 97
Seals published (2002 - 2006) .......................................................... 99
Catalogue of Auctions (2002 - 2006) ................................................ 155
Index of Proper Names and Terms ................................................... 197
Index of Iconography ....................................................................... 269

Foreword
This new volume of SBS containsthe papers read in London at the

XXIth International Congress of Byzantine Studies during the session
devoted to sigillography, on August 21st-26th 2006. Shorter articles
were added on particularly interesting seals. The volume includes the
usual sections to keep scholars up to date with bibliography and sales:
scholarly articles and auctions are usually added to the volume
published after the congress. We have decided not to include articles,
which were published in books with indices (reprints and corpus). It
concerns J. - Cl. Cheynet and I. Jordanov. The paper that V. Bulgakova
read in London was not printed here because it was published in an
Ukrainian periodical, in the meantime. In the scholarly articles, we
mention the seals discovered during the very interesting dig of
Sougdaia, although Bulgakova’s article appeared in 2008. For the
most part, the list of auctions was written by A. K. Wassiliou - Seibt,
while J. Nesbitt added some references. A. K. Wassiliou - Seibt,
El. Stepanova, J. Nesbitt and J. - Cl. Cheynet contributed to draw the
list of scholarly articles. V. Prigent , with some suggestions of W.
Seibt, revised G. Manganaro’s article, which was difficult to read for
non specialists. Al. Sopracasa worked on V. Bulgakova’s article and
on the indices.
ABBreviations
AAA: Ἀrcaiologika; Ἀnavlekta ejx Ἀqhnῶn

ADSV: Antihnaja drevnost i srednie veka (Ekaterinbourg)
ANS: American Numismatic Society, New York
Ἀrc. Delt.: Ἀrcaiologiko;n Deltivon
Ἀrc. Ἐf.: Ἀrcaiologikh; Ἐfhmeriv"
BAR: British Archaeological Reports
Barzos, Komnenoi: K. Barzos, Ἡ genealogiva tῶn Komnhnῶn I - II
(Thessalonica, 1984)
BCH: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique
Bibicou, Douanes: H. Antoniadis - Bibicou, Recherches sur les douanes à
Byzance : l’octava, le “kommerkion” et les commerciaires (Paris, 1963)
Birch: W. de Gray Birch, Catalogue of Seals in the Department of
Manuscripts in the British Museum (London, 1898)
BnF: Bibliothèque nationale de France
BSA: The Annual of the British School at Athens
BSFN: Bulletin de la Société française de numismatique
ByzSl: Byzantinoslavica
BZ: Byzantinische Zeitschrift
Cheynet, Antioche: J. - CI. Cheynet, “Sceaux byzantins des musées
d’Antioche et de Tarse,” TM 12 (1994) 391 - 478, XVI pl.
Cheynet, Pouvoir: J. - CI. Cheynet, Pouvoir et contestations à Byzance
(963 - 1210) (Paris, 1990)
Cheynet, Société: J. - Cl. Cheynet, La société byzantine : l’apport des
sceaux (Paris, 2008)
Cheynet, Zacos: J. - Cl. Cheynet, Sceaux de la collection Zacos
(Bibliothèque Nationale de France) se rapportant aux provinces
orientales de l’Empire byzantin (Paris, 2001)
Cheynet - Vannier: J. - CI. Cheynet et J. - F. Vannier, Études prosopographi-
ques (Paris, 1986)
Choniates: Nicetae Choniatae Historia, ed. I. van Dieten (Berlin - New York,
1975)
Corinth XII: Gladys R. Davidson, The Minor Objects [Corinth XII]
(Princeton, 1952)
CRAI: Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des Inscriptions et
Belles - Lettres
abbreviations
Darrouzès, Notitiae: J. Darrouzès, Notitiae episcopatuum ecclesiae Con-

stantinopolitanae (Paris, 1981)
Darrouzès, Offikia: J. Darrouzès, Recherches sur les ojffivkia de l’Église
byzantine (Paris, 1970)
Dated Seals: N. Oikonomides, A Collection of Dated Byzantine Lead
Seals (Washington, D.C., 1986)
De adm. imp : Constantine Porphyrogenitus, De administrando imperio, ed.
Gy. Moravcsik, tr. R. J. H. Jenkins, 2nd ed. (Washington, D.C., 1967)
DO: Dumbarton Oaks
DOP: Dumbarton Oaks Papers
DOSeals: Catalogue of the Byzantine Seals at Dumbarton Oaks and in
the Fogg Museum of Art, 1 - 3, ed. J. W. Nesbitt and N. Oikonomides
(Washington, D.C., 1991, 1994, 1996); 4 - 5, ed. E. McGeer,
J. W. Nesbitt and N. Oikonomides (Washington, D.C., 2001, 2005);
6, ed. J. W. Nesbitt with C. Morrisson (Washington, D.C., 2009)
DAE: Deltivon th'" Cristianikh'" Ἀrcaiologikh'" ÔEtaireiva"
Dunn, Handlist: A. W. Dunn, A Handlist of the Byzantine Lead Seals and
Tokens (and of Western and Islamic Seals) in the Barber Institute of
Fine Arts, Birmingham (Birmingham, 1983)
Ébersolt, Sceaux: J. Ébersolt, “Sceaux byzantins du Musée de Constan-
tinople,” RN, 4th ser., 18 (1914) 207 - 243, 377 - 409
EEBS: ∆Epethri;" ÔEtaireiva" Buzantinw'n Spoudw'n
Ἑll. Filol. Suvll.: ÔO ejn Kwnstantinoupovlei Ἑllhniko;" Filolo-
giko;" Suvllogo"
ÉO: Échos d’Orient
Grierson, Catalogue: P. Grierson, Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in
the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection, II,
1 - 2; III, 1 - 2 ; V, 1 - 2 (Washington, D.C., 1968, 1973, 1999)
Grierson, Coins: P. Grierson, Byzantine Coins (London - Berkeley -
Los Angeles, 1982)
Guilland, Recherches: R. Guilland, Recherches sur les institutions by-
zantines I - II (Berlin - Amsterdam, 1967)
IFEB: Institut Français d’Études Byzantines
Iviron I - IV: Actes d’Iviron I - IV, ed. J. Lefort, N. Oikonomides, D. Papa-
chryssanthou, V. Kravari, H. Métrévéli (Paris, 1985, 1990, 1994, 1995)
IzvestijaRAIK: Izvestija Russkago Arheologičeskago Instituta v Konstantinopole
Janin, CPbyz.: R. Janin, Constantinople byzantine : développement urbain
et répertoire topographique, 2nd ed. (Paris, 1964)
Janin, Églises: R. Janin, La géographie ecclésiastique de l’Empire
byzantin, I: Le siège de Constantinople et le patriarcat œcuménique, III:
X
abbreviations
Les églises et les monastères, 2nd ed. (Paris, 1969)

Janin, Grands centres: R. Janin, La géographie ecclésiastique de
l’Empire byzantin, II: Les églises et les monastères des grands centres
byzantins (Paris, 1975)
JIAN: Journal international d’archéologie numismatique
JÖB: Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik (formerly Jahrbuch der
Österreichischen Byzantinischen Gesellschaft)
Jordanov, Corpus I, II: I. Jordanov, Corpus of Byzantine Seals from
Bulgaria, Vol. I, Byzantine Seals with Geographical Names (Sofia,
2003), Vol. II, Byzantine Seals with Family Names (Sofia, 2006)
Jordanov, Develt: I. Jordanov, Pečatite na komerkiarijata Develt (Sofia,
1992)
Jordanov, Develt – Addenda: I. Jordanov, “Pečatite na komerkiarijata
Develt – Addenda et corrigenda,” Acta Musei Varnaensis 2 (2004)
Jordanov, Preslav: I. Jordanov, Pečatite ot strategijata v Preslav (Sofia,
1993)
Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen: I. Jordanov – Zh. Zhekova, Catalogue
of Medieval Seals at the Regional Historical Museum of Shumen
(Shumen, 2007)
Každan, Armjane: A. P. Každan, Armjane v sostave gospodstvujuščego
klassa vizantijskoj imperii v XI - XII vv. (Erevan, 1975)
Koltstida - Makre, Molubdovboulla: I. Koltsida - Makre, Buzantinav molub-
dovboulla sulloghv" Orfanivdh - Nikolai?dh Nomismatikouv Mouseivou
Aqhnwvn (Athens, 1996)
Konstantopoulos: K. M. Konstantopoulos, Buzantiaka; molubdovboulla
tou' ejn ∆Aqhvnai" ∆Eqnikou' Nomismatikou' Mouseivou (Athens, 1917;
reprinted from JIAN 5 [1902] - 10 [1907])
Konstantopoulos, Stamoules: K. M. Konstantopoulos, Buzantiaka; molub-
dovboulla. ÔH sullogh ; Ἀnastasivou K. P. Stamouvlh (Athens, 1930)
Laurent, Bulles métriques: V. Laurent, Les bulles métriques dans la sigillo-
graphie byzantine (Athens, 1932; offprint from Hellenika 4 [1931] - 8
[1935])
Laurent, Corpus: V. Laurent, Le Corpus des sceaux de l’Empire byzantin,
V, 1 - 3, L’église (Paris, 1963 - 1972); II, L’administration centrale
(Paris, 1981)
Laurent, Orghidan: V. Laurent, La Collection C. Orghidan (Paris, 1952)
Laurent, Vatican: V. Laurent, Les sceaux byzantins du Médaillier Vatican
(Vatican, 1962)
Lavra I - IV: Actes de Lavra I - IV, ed. P. Lemerle, A. Guillou, N. Svoro-
nos, D. Papachryssanthou (Paris, 1970, 1977, 1979, 1982)
XI
abbreviations
LCI: Lexikon der christlichen Ikonographie

Lemerle, Cinq études: P. Lemerle, Cinq études sur le XIe siècle byzantin
(Paris, 1977)
Lihačev, Datirovannye: N. P. Lihačev, “Datirovannye vizantijskie pečati,”
Izvestija Rossijskoj Akademii Istorii Material’noj Kul’tury 3 (1924)
152 - 224
Lihačev, IZIGI: N. P. Lihačev, Istoričeskoe značenie italo-grečeskoj
ikonopisi: Izobraženija Bogomateri v proizvedenijah italo-grečeskih
ikonopiscev i ih vlijanie na kompozicii nekotoryh proslavlennyh
russkih ikon (St. Petersburg, 1911)
Lihačev, Molivdovuly: N. P. Lihačev, Molivdovuly grečeskogo Vostoka,
ed. V. S. Šandrovskaja (Naučnoe nasledstvo, 19) (Moscow, 1991)
MAIET: Materialy po Arheologii, Istorii i Etnografii Tavriki (Simferopol)
Morrisson, Catalogue: C. Morrisson, Catalogue des monnaies byzantines
de la Bibliothèque Nationale I - II (Paris, 1970)
Morrisson - Seibt: C. Morrisson and W. Seibt, “Sceaux de commerciaires
byzantins du viie siècle trouvés à Carthage,” RN, 6th ser., 24 (1982)
222 - 241
NC: The Numismatic Chronicle
NCirc: The Numismatic Circular
NE: Nevo" ÔEllhnomnhvmwn
ODB: Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
Oikonomidès, Évolution: N. Oikonomidès, “L’évolution de l’organisation
administrative de l’empire byzantin au xie s. (1025 - 1118),” TM 6
(1979) 126 - 152
Oikonomides, Kommerkiarioi: N. Oikonomides, “Silk Trade and Pro-
duction in Byzantium from the Sixth to the Ninth Century: The Seals
of Kommerkiarioi,” DOP 40 (1986) 33 - 53
Oikonomidès, Listes: N. Oikonomidès, Les listes de préséance byzantines
des ixe et xe siècles (Paris, 1972)
Pančenko, Katalog: B. A. Pančenko, Katalog molivdovulov (Sofia, 1908;
reprinted from Izvestija RAIK 1903, 1904, 1908)
PLP: Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit (Vienna,
1976 - 1996)
PmbZ: Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit, nach Vorarbeiten
F. Winkelmanns erstellt von R. - J. Lilie, Cl. Ludwig, Th. Pratsch, Il.
Rochow unter Mitarbeit von W. Brandes, J. R. Martindale, B. Zielke
(Berlin - New York, 1998ff)
Polemis, Doukai: D. Polemis, The Doukai: A Contribution to Byzantine
Prosopography (London, 1968)
PLRE: The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, ed. A. H.
XII
abbreviations
M. Jones, J. R. Martindale, J. Morris (Cambridge, 1971), vol. 2, ed.

J. R. Martindale (Cambridge, 1980)
RE: Pauly - Wissowa - Kroll - Mittelhaus, Realencyclopädie der classi-
schen Altertumswissenschaft
REB: Revue des études byzantines
REG: Revue des études grecques
Regesten: F. Dölger, Regesten der Kaiserurkunden des oströmischen
Reiches I - IV (Munich, 1924 - 1960); fasc. Il and III, new edition by
P. Wirth (Munich, 1995 and 1977); fasc. V, by F. Dölger and P. Wirth
(Munich - Berlin, 1965)
Regestes: Les regestes des actes du patriarcat de Constantinople, I, by
V. Grumel, new edition by J. Darrouzès (Paris, 1972); II - III, by
V. Grumel, new edition by J. Darrouzès (Paris, 1989); IV, by
V. Laurent (Paris, 1971); V - VII, by J. Darrouzès (Paris, 1977, 1979,
1991)
RESEE: Revue des études sud-est européennes
RN: Revue numismatique
Šandrovskaja, Sfragistika: Iskusstvo Vizantii v sobranijah SSSR (Ka-
talog vystavki) (Moscow, 1977), I - III, section “Sfragistika” by
V. Šandrovskaja
Šandrovskaja - Seibt : V. S. Šandrovskaja – W. Seibt, Byzantinische
Bleisiegel der Staatlichen Ermitage mit Familiennamen, 1. Teil,
Sammlung Lichačev – Namen von A bis I (Vienna, 2005).
Sathas, MB: K. N. Sathas, Mesaiwnikh; Biblioqhvkh I - VII (Athens -
Venice - Paris, 1872 - 1894)
SBS: Studies in Byzantine Sigillography (Washington, D.C., 1987ff)
Schlumberger, Sig.: G. Schlumberger, Sigillographie de l’Empire byzan-
tin (Paris, 1884)
Schlumberger, Mélanges: G. Schlumberger, Mélanges d’archéologie
byzantine (Paris, 1895)
SCIV: Studii şi Cercetări de Istorie Veche [şi Arheologie]
SCN: Studii şi Cercetări de Numismatică
Seibt, Bleisiegel: W. Seibt, Die byzantinischen Bleisiegel in Österreich,
I. Teil, Kaiserhof (Vienna, 1978)
Seibt, “Die Darstellung der Theotokos”: W. Seibt, “Die Darstellung
der Theotokos auf byzantinischen Bleisiegeln, besonders im 11.
Jahrhundert,” SBS 1 (1987) 35 - 56
Seibt, Skleroi: W. Seibt, Die Skleroi: Eine prosopographischsigillo-
graphische Studie (Vienna, 1976)
Seibt - Zarnitz: W. Seibt - M. L. Zarnitz, Das byzantinische Bleisiegel als
Kunswerk. Katalog zur Ausstellung (Vienna, 1997)
XIII
abbreviations
Seyrig: J. - CI. Cheynet, C. Morrisson, and W. Seibt, Les sceaux byzantins

de la collection Henri Seyrig (Paris, 1991)
Skoulatos, Personnages: B. Skoulatos, Les personnages byzantins de
l’Alexiade : analyse prosopographique et synthèse (Louvain, 1980)
Skylitzes: loannis Scylitzae, Synopsis historiarum, ed. I. Thurn (Berlin-
New York, 1973)
Sode, Bleisiegel: C. Sode, Byzantinische Bleisiegel in Berlin II (Bonn,
1997)
Sokolova, Monety: I. V. Sokolova, Monety i pečati vizantijskogo Hersona
(Leningrad, 1983)
Speck, Bleisiegel: Byzantinische Bleisiegel in Berlin (West), ed. P. Speck
et al., with special collaboration of J. Nesbitt (Bonn, 1986)
Szemioth - Wasilewski: A. Szemioth and T. Wasilewski, “Sceaux
byzantins du Musée National de Varsovie,” Studia Zródłoznawcze,
Commentationes 11 (1966) 1 - 38; 14 (1969) 63 - 89
Stavrakos, Bleisiegel: C. Stavrakos, Die byzantinischen Bleisiegel mit
Familiennamen aus der Sammlung des Numismatischen Museums
Athen (Wiesbaden, 2002)
Tafel - Thomas: G. L. F. Tafel und G. M. Thomas, Urkunden zur älteren
Handels- und Staatsgeschichte der Republik Venedig I - III (Vienna,
1856 - 1857)
“The Usual Lead Seal”: N. Oikonomides, “The Usual Lead Seal,” DOP
37 (1983) 147 - 157
TIB: Tabula Imperii Byzantini (Vienna, 1976ff)
TM: Travaux et mémoires
Viz. Vrem.: Vizantijskij Vremennik
Wassiliou - Seibt, Bleisiegel II : Al.-K. Wassiliou - W. Seibt, Die Bleisiegel
in Österreich, 2.Teil. Zentral - und Provinzialverwaltung (Vienna,
2004)
Zacos, Seals II: G. Zacos, Byzantine Lead Seals II (Bern, 1984)
Zacos - Veglery: G. Zacos and A. Veglery, Byzantine Lead Seals I (Basel,
1972)
Zbor. Rad.: Zbornik Radova Vizantološkog Instituta
Zepos, Jus: I. and P. Zepos, Jus Graecoromanum I - VIII (Athens, 1931)
XIV
LA MISE EN PLACE DES THÈMES D’APRÈS LES SCEAUX :

LES STRATÈGES
La mise en place des thèmes à Byzance a fait l’objet de nombreuses études

contradictoires,1 même si désormais l’accord se fait parmi les savants, à
peu d’exceptions près, pour reconnaître qu’Héraclius n’a pas entrepris de
réforme radicale, mais que les futurs thèmes ont été progressivement mis en
place, lorsque l’armée de campagne a été établie sur le territoire conservé
par l’Empire pour lutter contre ses adversaires, au premier rang desquels
les Arabes. Constantin Zuckerman a récemment rappelé que le mot thème
n’apparaît pas les sources avant le IXe siècle, si l’on excepte Théophane pour
lequel l’emploi du nom est sans doute un anachronisme. Il remarque que
les savants actuels l’utilisent sans état d’âme pour tous les commandements
créés dès la fin du VIIe siècle. Par ailleurs, il souligne que les structures de
l’Antiquité tardive sont restées stables plus longtemps qu’on ne l’a cru.2
Les sceaux datant des VIIe - IXe siècles sont relativement abondants,
même si leurs légendes ne sont pas toujours développées et si leur datation
précise n’est pas toujours acquise. Cependant, en dépit de ces réserves,
ils offrent des informations complémentaires par rapport aux sources
narratives, d’autant qu’ils constituent d’authentiques documents officiels.
Ce matériel doit donc être pris en compte. Une des façons de procéder
consiste à déterminer la chronologie de l’apparition des thèmes et celle des
fonctionnaires provinciaux rattachés à ces nouvelles circonscriptions. Cette
contribution se limitera au cas des officiers supérieurs du thème, stratège,
tourmarque. Ultérieurement, cette étude devrait être élargie à la mise en
place de l’ensemble de l’administration thématique.
1 La bibliographie est immense. Voir en dernier lieu, la controverse qui a

opposé I. Shahîd, qui soutient que les modifications apportées par Héraclius en
Syrie et en Palestine après la reconquête sur les Perses font partie de la réforme des
thèmes, et J. Haldon qui considère que, si réformes il y eut, elles prirent place dans
l’ancien cadre administratif : I. Shahîd, « Heraclius and the Unfinished Themes of
Oriens. Some Final Observations, » Byzantion 64 (1994) 352-376 ; Idem, « The
Thematization of Oriens. Final Observations, » Byzantion 72 (2002) 192-249 ;
J. Haldon, « Seventh-Century Continuities : the Ajnád and the “Thematic Myth”, »
Av. Cameron (ed.), The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East, III, States,
Resources and Armies (Princeton NJ, 1995), 379-423.
2 C. Zuckerman, « Learning from the Enemy and More : Studies in “Dark
Centuries” Byzantium, » Millennium 2 (2005) 79-135.
1
Chacun sait que l’installation des unités militaires rapatriées d’Orient

ou sauvegardées dans les provinces ayant échappé à l’occupation arabe
s’est accomplie dans le cadre de l’administration protobyzantine. Les
corps d’armée ont d’abord été placés dans des groupes de provinces,
dirigées par des gouverneurs qui, dans les sources, sont mentionnés avec
le titre d’archonte. Or les archontes de quelques provinces sont encore
classés dans le taktikon Uspenski qu’on s’accorde à dater de 842/843.3
De même les derniers préfets de Thessalonique, sans doute descendants
directs des préfets de l’Illyricum, ont frappé des sceaux dans la première
moitié du IXe siècle.4 On est donc tenté de conclure que la mise en place
de l’administration des thèmes serait achevée vers le milieu du IXe siècle,
justifiant la « réforme de deux siècles », évoquée par R. J. Lilie,5 d’autant
plus que les sceaux de protonotaires de thèmes, les chefs de l’administration
civile, apparaissent au cours de la première moitié du IXe siècle.6
Cependant le fonctionnaire destiné à terme à prendre la tête de
l’administration du thème, le juge, n’apparaît sur les sceaux qu’au
Xe siècle, alors que tous les historiens admettent que l’Empire est bien
divisé en thèmes depuis longtemps.7 Sans doute Léon VI dans ses Taktika
rappelle-t-il que le responsable de la justice, le dikastès, le kritès des
sceaux, est placé sous l’autorité des stratèges,8 mais ce n’est qu’au cours
du Xe siècle que les juges acquièrent de l’autorité au point de provoquer
les plaintes des généraux sur leurs abus de pouvoir à l’égard des soldats.9
L’achèvement de la mise en place des thèmes est dès lors difficile à
dater. Sur quels critères peut-on déterminer l’existence du thème comme
structure administrative ? Il me semble que deux points doivent être pris
en compte : premièrement le nom de la circonscription potentielle est-il
3 Oikonomidès, Listes, 53, 55, 57, 59.

4 A. Konstantakopoulou, « L’éparque de Thessalonique : Les origines d’une
institution administrative (VIIIe-IXe siècles), » Communications grecques présentées
au Ve congrès international des études du sud-est européen (Athènes, 1985), 157-162.
5 R. J. Lilie, « Araber und Themen. Zum Einfluss der arabischen Expansion
auf die byzantinische Militärorganisation, » Av. Cameron (ed.), The Byzantine
and Early Islamic Near East. III, States, Resources and Armies (Princeton NJ,
1995), 425-449.
6 Le sceau d’Anastase, candidat et protonotaire du stratège des Thracésiens,
daté par ses éditeurs du VIIIe siècle (DOSeals 3.2.35), semble démentir cette
affirmation, mais la dignité de candidat pour un simple protonotaire serait élevée
à cette date et les critères épigraphiques conduiraient aussi à reporter la datation à
la toute fin du VIIIe siècle ou au début du IXe siècle.
7 V. N. Vlysidou, « Quelques remarques sur l’apparition des juges : première
moitié du Xe siècle, » Byzantine Asia Minor (6th-12th) (Athènes, 1998), 59-66.
8 Leonis imperatoris Taktika, I, éd R. Vári (Budapest, 1917), IV 33, 62.
9 G. Dagron - H. Mihăescu, Le traité sur la guérilla de l’empereur Nicéphore
Phocas (Le monde byzantin) (Paris, 1986), 109-111.
2
LA MISE EN PLACE DES THÈMES D’APRÈS LES SCEAUX : LES STRATÈGES
celui d’un groupe de soldats ou a-t-il un caractère géographique ?10 En

second point, trouve-t-on des fonctionnaires liés à une circonscription
territoriale qui a un nom de thème ?
Un second point préalable est de définir ce qu’est une réforme à Byzance.
Il faut éviter de fonder ses raisonnements sur l’image de l’administration
que proposent les taktika, qui ne sont pas conservés avant le milieu du
IXe siècle, à supposer qu’il en fût rédigé antérieurement. Ces derniers
suggèrent une organisation extrêmement rationnelle avec des règles
valides pour toutes les provinces de l’Empire. En réalité, les empereurs
réagirent souvent aux circonstances spécifiques qui impliquaient une
intervention dans une région limitée.11 La création d’une circonscription
militaire en Sicile ou la division par Constantin V des grandes unités
militaires anatoliennes après l’échec de la révolte d’Artavasde en sont de
bonnes illustrations. Cependant supposer qu’aucune réforme concernant
l’ensemble de l’Empire n’ait jamais pris place serait également erroné.
Les diverses réformes qui ont touché les commerciaires ont été décrites
par N. Oikonomidès.12 Elles s’étendaient à tout l’Empire et prenaient effet
très rapidement, sans doute dans l’année qui suivait la décision impériale.
Cette efficacité s’explique parce que la nomination des commerciaires
était très centralisée. Même dans ce cas limite, la sigillographie montre que
certains sceaux de commerciaires parfaitement contemporains échappaient
au modèle dominant.13 Notons au passage un sceau qui, s’il n’informe pas
sur la date de création des thèmes, offre un lien qui semble clair entre
les commerciaires et l’armée, celui, daté de 717/718, année du siège de
Constantinople par les Arabes, des commerciaires de l’entrepôt de Colonée
et de toutes les provinces de l’Arméniaque bien aimé du Christ.14 La
formulation « philochriston », rarement employée pour les Arméniaques et
10 Même ce dernier point est difficile à déterminer, car des tourmes portent encore
tardivement le nom d’unités militaires alors qu’il s’agit bien d’une circonscription
géographique. La tourme des Victores, qui dépendait du thème des Thracésiens, est
encore attestée au Xe siècle [J. Haldon, « Theory and Practise in Tenth-Century Military
Administration. Chapters II, 44 and 45 of the Book of Ceremonies », TM 13 (2000)
217 ; Wassiliou - Seibt, Bleisiegel II, no 343 pour les sceaux connus].
11 Pour une époque postérieure, voir la mise en place de l’administration
byzantine dans les territoires orientaux reconquis sur les souverains musulmans
[C. Holmes, Basil II and the Governance of Empire (976–1025) (Oxford Studies
in Byzantium) (Oxford, 2005), 299-391].
12 N. Oikonomides, « Silk Trade and Production in Byzantium from the Sixth
to the Ninth Century: The Seals of Kommerkiarioi, » DOP 40 (1986) 33-53.
13 À titre d’exemple, la Sicile est connue par l’émission d’une bulle émise par le
bureau même des douanes (DOSeals 1.5.2 ; Wassiliou - Seibt, Bleisiegel II, no 168)
alors qu’il existait une apothèque de Sicile.
14 Zacos -Veglery, n 222 avec les corrections de W. Seibt [ByzSl. 36 (1975), 209] ;
o
DOSeals 4.22.27.
3
plutôt réservée à l’Opsikion, conduit à penser que la bulle fait référence non
au territoire des Arméniaques comme le suggérerait le neutre, mais comme
C. Zuckerman l’a noté, au corps de troupe. Ce sceau semble témoigner que
les commerciaires avaient une responsabilité spécifique dans les provinces
où étaient stationnés les Arméniaques.
Peu de points de repères permettent de comprendre concrètement la
mise en place des thèmes. La jussio de Justinien II, en 687, si souvent
commentée, en est un des principaux.15 Ce texte montre clairement que les
unités militaires sont encore principalement les unités traditionnelles de
l’époque protobyzantine. Cependant la jussio ne fournit pas une liste figée
dans l’archaïsme puisqu’elle tient compte de la situation contemporaine,
c’est-à-dire du déclassement de l’Afrique et de la création des Karavisianoi.
Comme rien n’indique que les Karavisianoi aient disposé d’une base
territoriale, on ne peut pas non plus conclure que les autres formations
citées soient déjà l’amorce des futurs thèmes. Un indice suggère que
le thème administratif n’est pas en place vers cette époque, puisque les
exarchats n’évoluèrent pas en thèmes, car ils disparurent trop tôt, celui de
l’Afrique avant 700 après la chute définitive de Carthage en 698, et celui
de Ravenne après l’occupation de la ville par les Lombards en 751. Mais la
zone contrôlée par les Byzantins était depuis longtemps si réduite qu’elle
n’aurait pu constituer un thème. À l’inverse, il faut noter que la liste de
687 est rendue obsolète par la création de nouvelles unités administratives,
la Sicile et peu après l’Hellade et le Péloponnèse.
Constantin Zuckerman a noté en particulier que l’emploi du mot thème
ne se retrouve pas sur les sceaux, source dont le caractère officiel est
assuré. Effectivement ce mot ne se trouve, à ma connaissance, sur aucun
plomb qu’on puisse dater du VIIIe siècle, mais il faut noter qu’il est ensuite
très rare, dans la mesure où il y a au plus quelques dizaines de mentions
sur les 70 000 sceaux connus, dont une bonne part est due à l’existence
des arménika thémata au XIe siècle. De plus, l’absence du mot thème
ne signifie pas qu’il y ait maintien des structures antérieures de l’époque
proto-byzantine et que la territorialisation des thèmes ne soit pas engagée
plus tôt. Cette question est rendue délicate puisque dès le milieu du
VIIe siècle, il y a un lien territorial entre les corps d’armée et les provinces
qui les accueillent, puisque les armées défendent ces provinces et surtout
en reçoivent l’essentiel des ressources qui permettent leur entretien.
C. Zuckerman a relevé judicieusement que quelques sceaux mentionnent
une stratégie et que ce n’est pas le mot thème qui est usité.
Un des moyens de déterminer la nature des circonscriptions qui vont
devenir les thèmes entre la jussio de 687 et le taktikon Uspenskij qui sont nos
15 Acta conciliorum æcumenicorum, ser. II, II, 2 éd. R. Riedinger

(Berlin 1992), 886.
4
deux seuls documents à caractère officiel est d’observer l’organisation des

commandements créés après que les cinq premiers eurent été établis, à savoir
ceux de Thrace, de l’Hellade, de la Sicile, des Cibyrrhéotes, des Thracésiens,
des Bucellaires, de Macédoine, de Céphalonie, du Péloponnèse, Thessalonique,
Crète, Mer Égée et tout particulièrement deux commandements qui ne font
pas référence à un nom de lieu, les Karavisianoi et les Thrakèsianoi. Les
Karavisianoi sont rarement attestés dans les sources narratives et les quelques
sceaux qui les mentionnent ne peuvent pas être datés avec une très grande
précision. On connaît plusieurs stratèges :
Théophile, patrice, qui accueillit le pape Constantin dans une île de l’Égée
(Kéa ?) en 710 ou 711,16
Adrien, spathaire impérial,17
N., spathaire impérial,18
N., patrice (première moitié du viiie s.),19
Apélatès, protospathaire impérial, patrice (seconde moitié du viiie siècle),20
et un ek prosôpou, Théodote, spathaire.21
Les Karavisianoi étaient, comme leur nom l’indique, des marins recrutés
dans les régions à tradition maritime, mais leur stratège a sans doute
autorité sur un corps d’armée et non sur une circonscription déterminée. Ils
constituèrent la première flotte de combat opérationnelle contre les Arabes.
H. Ahrweiler dans son ouvrage sur Byzance et la mer a mis en relation la
formation, puis la suppression de ce type de troupes avec les sièges de
Constantinople par les Arabes. Il aurait été créé après le premier siège, pour
tenter d’interdire aux flottes arabes une nouvelle possibilité de parvenir
jusqu’aux rives du Bosphore, et supprimé après le second siège, ayant fait
preuve de son inefficacité.22 En fait, il est difficile de déterminer le moment
de la création de cette flotte, mais il est assuré par le témoignage des sceaux
que la flotte est restée active après 750. Leur progressive disparition au
cours de la fin du VIIIe siècle montre que l’évolution d’un corps de troupes
vers une circonscription territoriale n’était pas inéluctable. La raison en est
probablement que la zone de recrutement des marins n’était pas confinée à
une région précise, mais s’étendait à toutes les provinces côtières où vivait
une population à tradition maritime.
16 PBE (Théophilos 21).

17 Zacos -Veglery, n 1981.
o
o
19 DOSeals 2.58.1. Les éditeurs datent le plomb du tournant du VIIe s., entre

675 et 725. Je préfère le décaler d’un quart de siècle plus tard.
20 Lihačev, Molivdovuly, 144-145, pl. LXVII, 6. Pour la datation, voir
Wassiliou - Seibt, Bleisiegel II, 310.
21 Zacos -Veglery, n 2488A. Une pièce parallèle a été éditée depuis (Koltsida-
o
Makrè, Molubdovboulla, no 82). À noter la formule eij" Karabhsiavnou".

22 H. Ahrweiler, Byzance et la mer. La marine de guerre, la politique et les
institutions maritimes de Byzance aux VIIe - XVe siècles (Paris, 1966), 22-31.
5
Les Thrakèsianoi, comme l’a bien noté N. Oikonomidès, ne sont

pas identiques aux soldats des Thracésiens. Ce sont effectivement des
soldats qui ont été probablement recrutés dans la région de Thrace mais
qui, comme l’Opsikion, formaient un corps d’élite qui accompagnait
l’empereur sans qu’ils aient un lien avec le futur thème des Thracésiens,
puisque des sceaux des Thracésiens sont mentionnés avant que les
Thrakèsianoi aient disparu. Les Thrakèsianoi sont connus par quelques
sceaux. Quatre concernent leur stratège :
N, protospathaire (première moitié du VIIIe siècle),23
Arsavir, patrice (VIIIe siècle),24
N., patrice (VIIIe siècle),25
N., protospathaire (fin du VIIIe/début du IXe siècle)26. Cette dernière bulle
un stratège des Thrakèsianoi est la plus tardive qui nous soit parvenue :
Peut-être un chartulaire, Sisinnios (milieu VIIIe siècle)27..

Et enfin un protonotaire (IXe siècle).28
Tous les sceaux, sauf le dernier, sont du viiie siècle. Or le protonotaire
était actif à la fin du ixe siècle, ce qui suggère que le corps de troupe existait
encore, distinct des troupes de Thrace ou des Thracésiens, et qu’il était doté
d’un protonotaire chargé de son équipement et de son ravitaillement.
Les sources non sigillographiques offrent quelques points de repère
sur la date de la création du thème de Thrace qui protégeait les abords
o
24 DOSeals 3.1.2 En raison de la formule, ÔAgiva Triav", oJ Qeo;" hJmw'n, on peut

même rétrécir la fourchette de datation à la première moitié du siècle et probablement
dater la bulle des décennies qui précèdent l’iconoclasme. Le décor à la croisette
accostée de fleurons confirme cette date.
25 Zacos -Veglery, n 2615A.
o
26 Sceau inédit Zacos (BnF) 2635 (Dia. 29). Le début de la légende est hors
champ. Ce stratège pourrait être spathaire autant que protospathaire, toutefois les
sceaux des stratèges des Thrakèsianoi ne font pas mention de dignités inférieures
à celle de protospathaire.
27 Jordanov, Corpus I, n 35.12. L’éditeur a lu la fin de la légende TVNYRA|KIS_D,
o
mais W. Seibt dans son compte rendu [BZ 98 (2005) 132] propose de corriger en
TVNYRA|KISIA. Le sceau est datable du milieu du viiie siècle.
28 DOSeals 3.1.1.
6
européens de la capitale.29 En 680/681 Théodore apo hypatôn, patrice,

comte de l’Opsikion et hypostratège de Thrace se trouvait parmi les laïcs
qui assistaient au concile.30 En 742/743, Nicéphore, stratège de Thrace, fut
convoqué à Constantinople pour soutenir Artavasde proclamé empereur
dans la capitale.31
La défense de la Sicile, face à une menace arabe de plus en plus pressante
depuis que l’Afrique était sur le point de tomber, fut réorganisée après 687
et avant le règne de Tibère - Apsimar (698 - 705).32 Deux sceaux peuvent
être attribués avec vraisemblance au premier stratège de l’île, Salventios,
titré patrice. Sur son sceau de stratège il ne précise pas le lieu où il exerce
sa fonction. Mais dès la nomination de Théophylacte, eunuque venu de
la capitale sous Tibère-Apsimar, la mention de la Sicile est attestée sur
ses sceaux. En revanche, ses successeurs, Théodore et Serge, l’omettent
à nouveau et il faut attendre Paul, sous Léon III, pour retrouver cette
mention.33 Il n’en reste pas moins vrai que la précision géographique est
ici très précoce, mais ce commandement ou cette circonscription était
une création qui ne dépendait pas de l’existence d’un magister militum
antérieur. Le statut de la Sicile fut différent de celui du reste de l’Italie, dès
sa reconquête sous Justinien. On peut sans doute tirer la même conclusion
pour l’autre commandement très précocement créé pour lutter contre les
Slaves, celui de l’Hellade.
Il faut aussi remarquer les changements dans le formulaire des sceaux de
commerciaires. Il ne sera pas question ici des changements qui ont permis
à N. Oikonomidès de fournir une série d’hypothèses sur l’organisation
de cette institution, mais des noms géographiques qui apparaissent sur
les sceaux. En observant les listes dressées par G. Zacos, A. Veglery et
W.  Brandes, on constate que l’emploi du nom des provinces traditionnelles
se poursuit jusqu’au règne de Léon III et que, ensuite, à part une exception
29 R. - J. Lilie, « “ Thrakien ” und “ Thrakesion ” », JÖB 26 (1977) 7-47. La date

de création du thème des Thracésiens reste discutée, cf. B. Vlysidou, E. Kountoura-
Galakè, St. Lampakes, T. Lounghis, A. Savvides, H Mikrav Asiva twvn qemavtwn.
Ereuvne" pavnw sthvn gewgrafikhv fusiognwmiva kaiv proswpografiva twvn
buzantinwvn qemavtwn thv" Mikrav" Asiva" (7o"-11o" ai.) (Athènes, 1998), 201-204.
30 PBE (Theodoros 48). Constantin Zuckerman considère que Théodore serait
un stratège de Thrace effectif appelé commandant en second (hypostratègos).
31 PBE (Nicephoros 3) ; Theophanis Chronographia, éd C. de Boor (Leipzig,
1883) (cité désormais Théophane), 415.
32 N. Oikonomidès, « Une liste arabe des stratèges byzantins du VII  siècle et
e
les origines du thème de Sicile, » Rivista di Studi Bizantini e Neoellenici N. S. 1

(1964) 121-130, repris dans Idem, Documents et études sur les institutions de
Byzance (VIIe-XVe s.) (Londres, 1976), no VII.
33 M. Nichanian - V. Prigent, « Les stratèges de Sicile. De la naissance du
thème au règne de Léon V, » REB 61 (2003), 98-106.
7
– un sceau publié il y a un siècle qui signale un commerciaire d’Asie sous

Léon IV – ils se réfèrent soit à une ville (Thessalonique par ex.) soit à
une circonscription qui est une stratégie.34 On ignore le rôle exact des
commerciaires de cette époque, notamment la place qu’ils tenaient dans le
ravitaillement des armées. Ce qui est sûr c’est que l’abandon des noms des
provinces traditionnelles ne peut être négligé.
Il s’agit donc d’une question fort vaste et que j’espère ultérieurement
traiter plus systématiquement. Dans cette contribution, je voudrais attirer
l’attention sur le groupe de sceaux où apparaît le mot stratégie en ajoutant
deux inédits de l’ancienne collection Zacos :
Les sceaux connus sont les suivants :
1) Sceau édité par G. Zacos et A. Veglery, n° 254 concernant l’Hellade
(ind. 7 [738/739]), déjà publié par G. Schlumberger et K. M. Kons-
tantopoulos :
Au droit, bustes des empereurs Léon III et Constantin V tenant entre
eux une longue croix posée sur une base horizontale.
Au revers, légende sur cinq lignes, suivie de l’indiction accostée de tirets :
[TvN]|[B]ASILIKv|NKOMMERK|IVNSTRATI|GIASELLADO|- I I-
Tῶn basilikῶn kommerkivwn stratigiva" Ἑllavdo".
2) Sceau édité par G. Zacos et A. Veglery, n° 261, qui concerne le

thème des Thracésiens (ind. 10 [741/742]) :
Au droit, bustes des empereurs Léon III et Constantin V tenant entre
eux une longue croix posée sur une base horizontale.
Au revers, légende sur sept lignes, suivie de l’indiction accostée de
tirets :
TvN|BASILIKv|NKOMMERK|IVNTHSST|RATIGIAST|vNYRA
KIS|-IvN_I-
Tῶn basilikῶn kommerkivwn th'" stratigiva" tῶn Qra/kisivwn.
∆I(ndiktiῶno") I
3) Seibt - Zarnitz, 1-3-8 (ind. 14 [745 - 746] (Munich Staatmuseum, no 499)
34 W. Brandes, Finanzverwaltung in Krisenzeiten, Untersuchungen zur byzanti-

nischen Verwaltungsgeschichte zwischen dem 6. und 9. Jahrhundert (Forschungen
zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte 25) (Francfort, 2002), 511-589.
8
Au droit, bustes des empereurs Léon III et Constantin V tenant une

croix posée sur un globe.
Au revers, légende sur sept lignes, suivie de l'indiction :
Tv9N|BASILIKv|NKOMMER|KIvNTISTRA|TIGIASTv|NYRAKI
SIv|N_ID
Tῶn basilikῶn kommerkivwn tῖ" stratigiva" tῶn Qra/kisivwn.
À cette courte liste, il faut ajouter deux pièces nouvelles :
4) Zacos (BnF) 735

(Dia. 31)
Les kommerkia impériaux de la stratégie des Thracésiens,

indiction 13 = 744/5
Au droit, bustes des empereurs Léon III et Constantin V tenant une
croix posée sur un globe.
Au revers, légende sur sept lignes, suivie de l’indiction accostée de tirets :
.vN|.ASILIKvN|KOMMERKIv|NTHSSTRATI|GIASTvNY|RAKISIvN|-9_IG-
ªTºῶn ªbºasilikῶn kommerkivwn th'" stratigiva" tῶn Qra/kisivwn.
5) Zacos (BnF) 739 (mentionné dans Zacos - Veglery, Add. I, p. 1955)

(Dia. 33)
Les kommerkia impériaux de la stratégie des Cibyrrhéotes,

indiction 8= 739/40
Au droit, bustes des empereurs [Léon III et Constantin V] tenant une
longue croix posée sur un globe.
Au revers, légende sur six lignes, suivie de l’indiction précédée d’une
croisette :
TvN|BASILIKv|NKOMMERK|IvNSTRATH|GIASTvNKU|BERIOTvN|_H
Tῶn basilikῶn kommerkivwn strathgiva" tῶn Kuberiotῶn.
9
Cinq sceaux ne permettent pas de conclusion définitive, car toute

découverte peut substantiellement altérer le tableau. Cependant on peut noter
la concentration des dates autour de 741. Il ne s’agit pas d’une innovation
de l’empereur Constantin V, puisqu’un exemplaire date de 738/739 et l’autre
de 739/740. Trois des cinq bulles concernent le thème des Thracésiens pour
les années 741/742, 744/745 et 745/746. Ces années encadrent l’époque de
l’usurpation d’Artavasde qui a tenu le pouvoir à Constantinople de juin 742 à
novembre 744. Le thème des Thracésiens avec celui des Anatoliques servait
de soutien à Constantin contre son beau - frère et dut donc être fortement
sollicité pour soutenir l’armée impériale lors de la guerre civile. L’indiction
741/742 correspondrait aux préparatifs de la guerre civile et celle de 744/745
à celle du siège de Constantinople par Constantin.35
Il semble bien que la légende des sceaux implique que l’Hellade,
les Cibyrrhéotes et les Thracésiens correspondent à cette date à une
circonscription territoriale. On notera qu’il s’agit de commandements qui
étaient trop récents pour avoir été mentionnés dans la Jussio de 687.
Le terme stratégie renvoie évidemment au stratège. Ce titre, employé
dès l’époque protobyzantine pour désigner un chef d’armée, prend un
sens technique, à une date qui n’est pas certaine, mais il faut noter que
cette fonction apparaît sur les sceaux seulement à partir du VIIe siècle.
Les premiers sceaux de stratèges, datables de la fin du VIIe siècle ou du
début du suivant, tous personnages de très haut rang, puisqu'ils portent
la dignité de patrice, alors la plus élevée de la hiérarchie si l’on excepte
les dignités accordées aux parents de l’empereur, ne donnent pas le
nom de la région qu’ils commandent.36 Héraclius, frère de l’empereur
Tibère /A psimar, fut nommé à la tête des thèmes d’Orient, mais son sceau
mentionne seulement sa dignité de patrice et sa charge de monostratège.37
35 La chronologie de la révolte d’Artavasde a été corrigée par M. Nichanian

dans sa thèse dont une proche publication est prévue (Aristocratie et pouvoir
impérial à Byzance, viie-ixe siècle (Paris, 2004), 519-564.
36 Quelques exemples : André, patrice et stratège, (Zacos -Veglery, n 743) ;
o
Anthime, patrice et stratège (Schlumberger, Sig. 364, n° 4), Arsaber, patrice et
stratège (Zacos -Veglery, no 752), Eustathe, patrice et stratège (Pančenko, Katalog,
no 24), Grégoire patrice et stratège (Zacos -Veglery, nos 1965 et 1966), Baïanos,
patrice et stratège (Zacos -Veglery, no 584), Bardanès, patrice et stratège (Pančenko,
Katalog, no 156), Bardas, patrice et stratège (Zacos -Veglery, no 1752), Épiphane,
patrice et stratège (Schlumberger, Sig., 364, n° 3, Zacos -Veglery, nos 323, 2990,
3103), Constantin, patrice et stratège (Zacos -Veglery, no 1822), Léon, patrice et
stratège (Speck, Bleisiegel, no 53), Serge, patrice et stratège (Konstantopoulos,
211b), Sisinnios, patrice et stratège (Zacos -Veglery, nos 2373 et 3180), Étienne,
patrice et stratège en 695 [(Théophane, 368, PBE (Stephanos 7)].
37 Héraclius : Théophane, 371, Schumberger, Sig., 333-334, Zacos -Veglery,
no 1982, PBE (Heraklios 2).
10
Puis au cours du VIIIe siècle, le nom de la région où le stratège est implanté

est systématiquement inscrit sur le plomb, ce qui semble impliquer deux
moments différents dans le rôle des stratèges – patrices. Les premiers
d’entre eux ne sont pas considérés comme les simples successeurs des
magistri militum, puisqu’ils ne sont pas appelés stratèlatai, traduction
grecque de cette fonction qui devient assez rapidement une dignité et ils
commandent des troupes dont rien n’indique que leur recrutement ait été
modifié. De même, les plus anciens sceaux de tourmarques ne sont pas
associés à une région précise. Nous avons peu de sceaux de tourmarque
et leur datation précise reste délicate. Cependant plusieurs exemplaires
peuvent être attribués à la première moitié du VIIIe siècle : ceux de André,
spathaire impérial,38 de Jean, spathaire impérial,39 de Damien, spathaire
impérial.40 Remarquons au passage que la dignité normalement attachée
à la charge de tourmarque est celle de spathaire. Enfin un dernier sceau
semble pouvoir être daté plus précisément, celui de Konôn, tourmarque,
qui existe en deux exemplaires.41 Dans son commentaire au sceau de
Konôn, patrice, W. Seibt fait le rapprochement, compte tenu de la rareté
de ce nom chez les laïcs, avec le futur empereur Léon III, d’autant que
l’iconographie des sceaux, qui place la légende entre deux cyprès, datable
des années autour de 700, est compatible avec cette hypothèse.42 Konôn
était très probablement stratège des Anatoliques. De son côté, Théophane
nous fait connaître deux tourmarques du premier tiers du VIIIe siècle.
Un certain Nikaias, nom bien étrange, fut envoyé en 716 vers Amorion
auprès du stratège des Anatoliques.43 En 727, Agallianos, le tourmarque
des Helladikoi, conduisit une rébellion manquée contre Léon III.44 Pour
la première fois, une précision est donnée, mais ce n’est pas encore celle
d’une région, l’Hellade, dont le thème existe ; c’est celle d’un corps de
troupes, peut - être rattaché aux Karavisianoi.
Les indices qui nous permettent d’établir les étapes de la territorialisation
semblent convergents. Jusqu’au début du VIIIe siècle, rien n’indique
38 Zacos -Veglery, no 1411.
39 Zacos -Veglery, no 1509. Les éditeurs proposent de lire IVAN|NH-
EPARªXº|V=TOU|MARX, offrant l’étrange combinaison de deux fonctions
peu compatibles, celles d’éparque et de tourmarque. Il faut corriger en
IVAN|NHSPA2RªIº|V=TOU|MARX.
o
41 Schlumberger, Sig., 371-372 et Konstantopoulos, n 231.

o
42 Seibt, Bleisiegel I, 268. M. Nichanian [Aristocratie et pouvoir impérial

(cf n. 33), 198-199] a reconstitué la carrière du futur Léon III et accepte cette
identification.
43 Théophane, 388-389.
44 Ibid., 405.
11
qu’un lien existe entre les nouveaux commandements et l’administration

des provinces traditionnelles. Nous n’avons pour la première moitié du
VIIIe siècle qu’un seul témoignage d’un commandement militaire lié à
une province traditionnelle, avec la bulle d’un topotèrètès de Pakatianè.45
Le topotèrètès est un officier des tagmata et non de l’armée des thèmes.
Ce plomb ne contredit donc pas l’idée que les corps de troupe ne sont pas
encore liés à de nouvelles provinces.
Il est très difficile de déterminer à quel moment la précision Anatoliques,
Arméniaques, ou Thracésiens est mentionnée sur les sceaux. Si le sceau de
Marianos, patrice et stratège des Anatoliques46 devait être attribué à l’illustre
patrice Marianos dont le fils, Eustathe, fut capturé par les Arabes en 738,47
ce serait la mention la plus précoce, sinon il faut attendre la seconde moitié
du VIIIe siècle pour trouver systématiquement cette mention.
La chronologie des sceaux des premiers stratèges à faire mention des
Arméniaques est difficile à établir. Le plus ancien serait celui d’un Léon,
datant de la fin du VIIe siècle ou du début du suivant, mais les éditeurs,
devant les caractéristiques du sceau, hésitaient en faveur d’une date
beaucoup plus tardive48 et W. Seibt dans son compte rendu penchait pour
la fin du VIIIe siècle.49 Dans l’état actuel des sceaux conservés, aucun
sceau de stratège des Arméniaques ne semble avoir été frappé de façon
certaine avant l’iconoclasme.
Le sceau d’un Léon, stratège des Thracésiens, daté par ses éditeurs
du début du VIIIe siècle, est sans doute à placer au milieu du siècle et
Léon serait à identifier au stratège tué par les Bulgares en 759/760.50 Son
successeur, Michel Lachanodrakôn, disposait aussi de sceaux où il fait
mention de son thème.
Dans le premier tiers du siècle, les stratèges et les tourmarques ne précisent
pas encore systématiquement sur leurs sceaux le lieu où ils commandent. Les
quelques plombs qui mentionnent une stratégie marquent cette transition. La
transformation de l’Opsikion fut peut - être postérieure à celle d’autres troupes.
L’usage officiel du mot thème n’est pas attesté avant le taktikon Uspenski,
mais il est employé auparavant, comme en témoigne Théophane dont la
chronique s’arrête en 813. Savoir si « thème » désignait déjà officiellement
une circonscription administrative est une question délicate, mais il en était
probablement ainsi vers 800. Déterminer la première fois où il est employé
45 Wassiliou - Seibt, Bleisiegel II, n 339.

o
o
47 Théophane, 411.
48 DOSeals 4.22.43.
49 BZ 96 (2003), 750.
50 DOSeals 3.2.42. Le droit comporte un monogramme cruciforme typique du
premier iconoclasme.
12
dans cette acception est impossible. Le terme de stratégie est officiel autour
de 750. Mais on ignore quand – et en fait pourquoi – le mot thème est apparu
et s’il n’a pas d’abord été employé de façon officieuse bien avant 800.
En conclusion très provisoire, on peut avancer que le règne des
Isauriens marque une étape importante de l’évolution vers les thèmes,
circonscriptions territoriales. Le petit nombre de sceaux portant mention
de stratégies interdit des conclusions définitives, mais leur concentration
sur peu d’années n’est sans doute pas le fait du hasard.
D’autres éléments plaident en faveur de cette hypothèse, telle l’apparition
de noms territoriaux pour désigner les nouvelles circonscriptions mises
en place pour lutter contre les Arabes et leurs flottes, en particulier la
Sicile et l’Hellade, thèmes créés avant 700. Le cas des Karavisiens et des
Cibyrrhéotes est exemplaire : la flotte des Karavisiens est encore fondée sur
le recrutement de marins destinés à la flotte centrale, celle des Cibyrrhéotes
active déjà sous Léon III, est fondée sur une circonscription régionale.
Le statut du soldat tel qu’il apparaît dans l’Ecloga, code maintenant daté
avec certitude de 741 me paraît aller dans le même sens. Alors que le code
Justinien interdisait au soldat professionnel tout autre activité, notamment
dans les champs, les dispositions de l’Ecloga sur la maîtrise par le soldat de
son pécule implique qu’il soit engagé dans l’entreprise agricole familiale et
nous renvoie l’image d’un combattant enraciné sur sa terre – qui n’est certes
pas encore stratiotique. Constantin V a bien conscience que les troupes d’Asie
Mineure ne constituent plus tout à fait une armée de campagne, mobilisable
à loisir, puisque c’est lui qui a créé les nouveaux tagmata. Sans doute des
raisons politiques jouaient-elles également ; les troupes de l’Opsikion, qui
formaient en principe le corps de bataille accompagnant l’empereur, s’étaient
durablement ralliées à son rival Artavasde. Enfin, j’ai par ailleurs essayé de
montrer que les premières familles, qui vont donner naissance à l’aristocratie
militaire d’Asie mineure, paraissent émerger sous les Isauriens. Cela
implique une certaine stabilité qui correspond à un enracinement provincial
déjà ancien des troupes. Tout porte à croire que les thèmes territoriaux se
sont bien mis en place au cours de la première moitié du VIIIe siècle. Rien
ne dit que ce changement ait pris place partout au même pas. Les nouveaux
commandements créés pour faire face aux Arabes d’Afrique et aux Slaves
de Grèce ont pu avoir, compte tenu de la taille relativement modeste des
circonscriptions, dès l’origine, une organisation territoriale, mais les
commandements primitifs se sont transformés sans doute ultérieurement,
à l’exception de l’Opsikion, dont la mention est attestée, dès 717 - 719, sur
le sceau d’Isôès.51 Certains comme les Thrakèsianoi, les Karavisianoi ou
51 T. Lounghis, « Researching Seals in a Byzantine Chronography Data Base

System, » SBS 2 (1990) 7-8.
13
les Helladikoi ont disparu. De plus, ces changements n’ont pas conduit
dans l’immédiat à l’accumulation par le stratège de tous les pouvoirs sur
l’administration de son thème. Il n’avait pas la main sur les fonctions fiscales,
car les dioecètes agissent dans le cadre de circonscriptions découpées dans les
provinces traditionnelles et les commerciaires également jusque sous Léon III
et continuent ensuite de dépendre directement des nominations impériales. Si
l’évolution exacte de l’administration provinciale des VIIe - IXe siècles nous
échappe encore quelque peu, l’impression qui domine, c’est le pragmatisme
des autorités centrales, caractéristique que l’on retrouve durant la longue
existence de l’Empire.
14
Elena Stepanova
VICTORIA - NIKE ON EARLY BYZANTINE SEALS
It is well known that with the spread of Christianity the ancient subjects
or characters depicted on the seals were replaced by images of the saints.
Nonetheless, in a number of cases the characters from antiquity continued
to be used, although, as in early Christian art in general, they were carefully
selected and given a different Christian interpretation.1 Byzantine seals
from the sixth and seventh centuries with ancient subjects are uncommon.
Compared with works of applied art, the range of ancient images on
sphragistic objects is very limited. It includes representations of a gryllos,
a charioteer, a stableman, Pegasos, different personifications including
Anthusa - personification of Constantinople, some scenes.2 Despite its
small number, each demands a special approach to the study and, where
appropriate, definition of its symbolic sense.
Among seals with ancient subjects two large groups stand out: one – with
an image of eagle and another – with an image of Victoria. Seals with
an eagle representation are most the numerous; they are dated from the
middle of the VI c. - beginning of the VIIIth c. As researches have shown,
1 K. Weitzmann, Greek Mythology in Byzantine Art (Princeton, 1951);

K. Weitzmann, “The Survival of Mythological Representations in Early Christian
and Byzantine Art and their Impact on Christian Iconography,” DOP 14 (1960)
47-68; J. M. C. Toynbee, “Pagan Motifs and Practices in Christian Art and
Ritual in Roman Britain,” Christianity in Britain, 300-700, ed. M. W. Barley
and R. P. C. Hanson (Leicester, 1968), 177-192; J. Huskinson, “Some Pagan
Mythological Figures and their Significance in Early Christian Art,” Papers of
the British School at Rome 42 (London, 1974), 68-97; E. Kitzinger, Byzantine Art
in the Making. Main Lines of Stylistic Development in Mediterranean Art 3rd-7th
Century (London, 1977); E. Kitzinger, “The Hellenistic Heritage in Byzantine Art
Reconsidered,” XVI. Internationaler Byzantinistenkongress. Akten I/2 (Vienna,
1981), 657-675.
2 Zacos -Veglery, nos. 1374, 1382, 1384, 1391-1392, 3005; A. Kakovkin,
“Vizantijskij molivdovul s antichnym siuzhetom,” Palestinskij sbornik 23
(Moscow-Leningrad, 1971) 53-57 (a pigmy fighting a crane); SBS 3 (1993) 192,
no. 1024; M. Braunlin - J. Nesbitt, “Thirteen Seals and an Unpublished Revolt
Coin from an American Private Collection,” Byzantion 69 (1999) no. 14 (Lupa
Romana with Romulus and Remus); SBS 8 (2003) 234, no. 1041, 236, no. 911;
E. Stepanova, “Byzantine Seals,” The Road to Byzantium. Luxury Arts of Antiquity.
Catalogue of Exhibition (London, 2006), 125, 175-179, no. 147-164.
15
Elena Stepanova
the overwhelming majority of these molybdobulls belong to civil and

military officials of Byzantium or private persons. Seals with the image
of Victoria, as a rule, are imperial, but some copies belong to private
owners. The eagle and Victoria representations are closely connected with
imperial symbolism of Late Rome. “The rulers of Byzantium saw the
following of ancient traditions as a guarantee of political stability and the
preservation of Roman emblems as a demonstration of the grandeur of the
New Rome”.3 It is possible to assume, that in many respects it was this
circumstance that had defined the choice of these antique subjects and their
use on early Byzantine seals, because seals, reflecting personal preference
of the owners, at the same time, testified also to their official status.
In the present paper I intend to study seals with an image of Victoria of the
VIth - VIIth c. As is known, in the days of Imperial Rome the image of Victoria
had been inalienably connected with a cult of the emperor, being first of all
a symbol of his military victories.4 Most often she was represented with a
wreath in one hand and a palm branch in another. The cult of this goddess was
continuous. Her image is still to be found on numerous monuments of art of
the IVth - VIIth c. - imperial and consular diptychs, medallions and missorium
dishes - even after Christianity became an official religion of the Empire. On
them Victoria, as a rule, crowns the emperor with a wreath.5
On Byzantine coins of the VIth - the beginning of VIIth c. the Victoria
representation holds a prominent place, though in comparison with the
period of Imperial Rome where scholars list nearly 20 major varieties of
the goddess (fig.1), the repertoire of her images is essentially reduced.
At that time Victoria is frequently represented with the basic Christian
symbols – chrismon or a cross. On some coins she is shown inscribing a
chrismon on a shield (instead of a vota legend which every five years the
emperors gave to people and the army) (fig. 2).
On other ones she is depicted holding a jeweled cross on a long staff (fig. 3).
fig. 1 fig. 2 fig. 3
3 V. Zalesskaja, “The classical Heritage in Byzantine Art,” The Road to

Byzantium, 54.
4 A. R. Bellinger, M. A. Berlincourt, “Victoria as a Coin Type,” Numismatic
Notes and Monograph 149 (New York, 1962).
5 Age of Spirituality: Late Antique and Early Christian Art. Third to Seventh Cen-
tury, ed. by K. Weitzmann (New York, 1979), nos. 28, 36, 40, 42, 44, 46-47, 61, 88.
16
It is considered, that this cross has a real prototype - a cross, erected on Gol-
gotha by Theodosius II in 420.6 The image of Victoria standing, holding a
wreath and globus cruciger (fig. 4), predominates from the reign of Anastasius I
(491 - 518) up to Phocas (602 - 610). The new compositions which have united
the image of the pagan goddess and Christian symbols, apparently, were
perceived as symbols of victory of Christianity. The cross now became the
emblem by which the emperor had obtained both his empire and victory in
war.7 Legends on coins assume a Christian character as well. Thus, Ph. Grierson
considers that the inscription “Jesus Christ conquers” on VIIIth c. coins is a
conscious adaptation of the “Victoria Augusti” of earlier solidi.8
Gradually the image of Victoria disappeared from Byzantine coins. Under
Justin I (518 - 527) the profile Victoria had been replaced on the solidus by
the facing angel, but she continued to hold her ground on the less important
fractional gold. Tiberius I (578 - 582) evicted her in favor of a cross, but
the following emperors – Maurice (582 - 602) and Phokas - tolerated her
return on the semissis in the East and tremissis in the West. At the time of
Heraclius (610 - 641)Victoria appeared as the main type only on a rare silver
coin of Carthage, issued in honour of triumph over the emperor Phokas,
and as element of the type on some silver ceremonial coins where Victoria
was shown standing on a globe and crowning the emperor (fig. 5).
fig. 4 fig. 5
These coins were issued to celebrate Heraclius’ triumph over the Persians
in 628.9 It was last time when the Victoria representation was used on
Byzantine coins.
On imperial seals, however, the type of Victoria standing, with a wreath and
globus cruciger, as well as some other types, was not practically used. The
6 Grierson, Coins, 36, 55-56.

7 “Earlier a globe which carries the emperor as a symbol of his total and
everlasting rule might be surmounted by a figure of Victoria, but from the 380s a
cross often rises from a globe, signifying, as Procopius tells us, the ultimate source
of imperial power and victory”. J. P. S. Kent, The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol. X,
The divided Empire and the Fall of the Western Part. 395-491 (London, 1994), 50.
8 Grierson, Catalogue III, 1, 227.
9 Grierson, Coins, 35.
17
Elena Stepanova
main representation of the goddess on these molybdobulls becomes Victoria

holding a wreath, often interwoven with ribbons, in each hand (fig. 6).10
fig. 6
Sometimes the goddess stands on a sphere symbolizing all the world

which emperor rules. Probably, the origin of this image dates back to the
IV c. Sometimes it is mentioned as a “Constantinopolis” motif.11 For the first
time Victoria with two wreaths accompanied by a legend “Libertas publica”
appears on the follis of Constantinople during the reign of Constantine the
Great (307 - 337). The goddess is shown standing on a galley (fig. 7).12
It is assumed that this issue is connected with victories of the emperor
in the sea battles. Later Victoria with two wreathes can be found on
some bronze coins of Constantius II and Constans (340 - 350: mints of
Aquileia, Siscia), Constantius II and Gallus (350 - 351: mints of Siscia,
Sirmium), and, especially, of Theodosius II (425 - 435: mints of Heraclea,
Constantinople, Nicomedia, Cyzicus, Antioch) (fig. 8),13 on rare silver coins
of Valens, Gratian and Valentinian II (375 - 378, mint of Siscia; 378 - 383,
mint of Treveri) and also on rare gold coins of Valentinian I and Valent
(367 - 75), issued in Thessalonika.14 The image is accompanied by the legend
“CONCORDIA AVGVSTORUM”, or “VICTORIA AVGVSTORUM”.
Most likely, this type had never predominated on coins and after the middle
10 Zacos - Veglery, nos. 3-5; Seibt, Bleisiegel, no. 6; Sode, Bleisiegel, no. 1;

SBS 6 (1999) 117; I. V. Sokolova, Byzantine Imperial Seals. The Catalogue of the
Collection. The State Hermitage Museum (St. Petersburg, 2007), nos. 1-15 (with
bibliography). Exceptions are the seal of Licinia Eudoxia (435-455), with Victoria
holding cross in the right hand (Zacos - Veglery, no. 2759), an anonymous seal
where Victoria is presented in profile with a wreath in the right hand (Sokolova,
no. 2) - V c.? Probably, the seal of Justin I with winged Victoria holding a globus
cruciger (?) in the right hand (Zacos - Veglery, no. 1bis).
11 J. P. S. Kent, The Roman Imperial Coinage, vol. X (London, 1999), 92.
12 J. P. S. Kent, The Roman Imperial Coinage, vol. VII (London, 1976), pl. 18, 18.
P. Bruun, The Roman Imperial Coinage (London, 1966), 572-573, no. 18, 25.
13 J. P. S. Kent, The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol. VIII, The Family of
Constantine I (London, 1981), pl. 13, no. 75, J. P. S. Kent, The Roman Imperial
Coinage, Vol. IX, Valentinian I-Theodosius I (London, 1997), pl. IX, 11; Kent,
vol. X, pl. 18, nos. 434, 437, 438.
14 J. P. S. Kent, vol. IX, 177, no. 24.
18
of the Vth c. it, possibly, disappeared from coins completely. J. P. S. Kent

proposes that Victoria with two wreaths might have been used to celebrate
two victories of Constantine the Great. Later, he thinks, this image began to
symbolize the victories of two emperors.15 Gold coins of Valens (364 - 78)
of Thessalonika, clearly show this motif. On them Victoria is depicted
crowning two sitting emperors with two wreaths (fig. 9).16
fig. 7 fig. 8 fig. 9
On imperial seals this usage of the type of Victoria with two wreaths raises
numerous problems as well: why did it predominate for a long time, at what
time did it appear and, finally, how is this representation to be interpreted?
To my mind, it is the reign of Zenon (474 - 491) when it is possible to speak
definitely about appearance of this type on imperial molybdobulls (fig. 10).
fig. 10
His seals are the first ones which may be reliably attributed owing to the
inscription beneath the image of the emperor: D(ominus) N(oster) ZEN(on).
As for earlier seals, some of them are more or less attributable thanks to
comparison with contemporaneous coins or exagii. Thus, a number of pieces
with a similar image of the winged goddess may be ascribed to the reign of
Arcadius and Honorius or of Theodosius II, i.e. to the late IVth c. - first half
of the Vth c.17 Possibly, it is that approximate date when Victoria with two
wreaths “arrives” on imperial seals. Why it became their principal type in
the Vth-the middle of VIth c. is difficult to say. Maybe, it is attributable to
15 J. P. S. Kent, vol. X, 47.

16 Ph. Grierson, Catalogue of Late Roman Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks
Collection (Washington, 1992), pl. 3, no. 61.
17 Sode, Bleisiegel, no. 179; Sokolova, no. 1 (see n. 10).
19
Elena Stepanova
tradition, the origin of which is impossible to trace now. We observe the

power of tradition on some examples from Byzantine coinage. Thus, the
traditional legend VICTORIA AVGVSTORVM on the gold coins of
Justin II (565 - 578) referred originally to Victoria that formed the type
but had become completely static, surviving the replacement of Victoria
by an angel under Justin I and the later substitution of cross. The plural
AVGUSTORUM continued in use despite the fact, that there was now
as a rule only a single emperor.18 Probably, in the beginning the image of
Victoria with two wreaths was connected with Late Roman institution
of co-emperors and maintained in Byzantium after the IVth c. as well,
when emperors, in order to transfer the throne to their sons, proclaimed
them co-rulers.
One more peculiarity of the Victoria iconography on emperors’ seals
has to be stressed. In contrast to coins this pagan image for a long time
was not accompanied by Christian symbols (such as a cross or chrismon).
The obverse of the seals, where imperial portraits are depicted, not always
bears any Christian symbols as well. It testifies that up to the middle of
the VIth c. imperial seals were more secular than contemporaneous coins
and it reflects a real difference in the role which they had played in a
public life of the Empire. Coins which occupied a more official position,
served as a powerful instrument of propaganda regarding the policy of
the Empire and the state religion – Christianity. Seals, including imperial
ones, had a more private character.
Only on the seals of Justinian I (527 - 565) does the image of the goddess
began to be accompanied by large-scale crosses on either side (fig. 11).
fig. 11
These crosses represent an important innovation. Their appearance

signified the strengthening of the position of Christianity. It is no wonder
that during the reign of this emperor the design of imperial seals, at last,
had changed radically: the Victoria representation was replaced by the
image of the Virgin with the Child flanked by similar crosses. However
this transformation – so significant for the whole Christian world - had not
yet been finally confirmed. Justin II, successor of Justinian I, for unclear
18 Grierson, Coins, 49.

20
reasons – sources make no comments on his decision – had reinstated

both on his coins, and on his seals the image of Victoria. Probably, it
was an external expression of a strengthening of the traditional imperial
patriotism which had been shown in the design of coins, where alongside
with Victoria, the image of Tyche of Constantinople was used. But the
decline in ancient traditions had gone so far that in the provinces people
were not sure of Tyche’s identity and compared it with an image of Venus.
After Justin’s reign the goddess of Victory finally disappeared from
imperial molybdobulls.
To sum up, the image of Victoria on emperors’ seals of the Vth - the
middle of the VIth c. was kept in view of her close ties with the imperial
symbolism of Late Rome. The type of Victoria with wreaths in both hands
was established, possibly, on the cusp of the IVth-Vth c., however, the
reasons for the choice of this type of Victoria on seals remain unclear.
The image of Victoria can be found on non-imperial seals as well. Most
date from the second half of the VIth c.; they are private, and, despite their
relatively large number (8 specimens are known), bear only two names:
Alexander and Theodoros. On the obverse of Alexander’s seals (fig. 12 - 13)19
one can see the image of winged Victoria wearing a long chiton and
holding a wreath in the right hand and stylis (a naval standard) in the left
hand. In the lower field is a chrismon. G. Zacos and A. Veglery noted that
the stylis is held by Victoria on gold staters of Alexander the Great. For
the authors it is obvious that the owner of these seals wanted to imitate
the type of Victoria of the coins of his glorious namesake but added the
chrismon as a sign of his Christian faith. The authors mean the staters
with the head of Athena on the obverse, and a standing Victoria on the
reverse.20 It is necessary to note, however, that position of a stylis in the
right hand of Victoria - Nike on staters is different than on Alexander’s
seals. Nike holds it not vertically, but diagonally, as on those images
where she is with a palm branch – the variant which I can not exclude
on the seals. Stylistically, the image of Nike is close to gems of the same
period from Asia Minor and Syria.21 One more seal of Alexander from
the Hermitage museum (fig. 14)22 has some peculiarities: the cruciform
19 Zacos - Veglery, no. 1373 a,b. The Hermitage seals: М-3127, dm. 21 mm,
M-4364, dm. 23 mm, in two pieces. The reverse of the seals bears the cruciform
monogram of the name of Alexander. Unpublished. Despite of poor preservation
of M-4364, it is obvious that it was made by another bulloterion than M-3127 and
its design is of higher quality.
20 B. V. Head, A Guide to the Principal Coins of the Greeks (London, 1959), pl.
27, 2; 29, 4.
21 J. Spier, Late Antique and Early Christian Gems (Wiesbaden, 2007), nos. 3,
588, 593, 597, 599.
22 M-11229, dm. 22 mm. Unpublished.
21
Elena Stepanova
monogram of the name has slightly another form and the style of the Nike
image is also different than on another seals of this owner.
fig. 12
fig. 13 fig. 14
On the seals of Theodoros his name is rendered by the Latin legend

-THEODORU - (fig. 15)23 or by a Greek cruciform monogram (fig. 16).24
fig. 15
fig. 16
Representations of the winged goddess in both cases are accompanied

by an inscription Νίκη, however, there are essential iconographical and
stylistical differences: on one specimen Nike, standing three-quarters left, is
depicted rather schematically; in the right hand she holds laurel branch. The
23 Zacos-Veglery, no. 1388.

24 Ibidem, no. 1389; The Hermitage seal: M-5126. Lihačev, Nekotorye, 9, note
1, fig. 18; Pančenko, IX, 357, 174; A.V. Bank, Byzantine Art in the Collections of
Soviet Museums (Leningrad, 1985), fig. 115.
22
object in the left hand is not identified by the authors. Probably, it is a shield,
as on the reverse of the coin “Constantinopolis” of Constantine the Great,
where Victoria is standing on a prow, holding a wreath and shield.25 On the
seals with cruciform monogram the Nike representation has more “antique”
forms. One can see a similar image of the goddess with the lower portion
of her chiton billowing on different ancient coins.26 Despite differences
in design among the seals of Theodoros, G. Zacos and A. Veglery do not
exclude the possibility that all of them have the same owner.
The last seal of this series is the latest one among known to us, with a
very stylized, degraded, image of Victoria - Nike; it dates back to the late
VIIth - early VIIIth c. (fig. 17).27
fig. 17
On this seal the goddess also holds a wreath and stylis or a palm branch.
On the reverse is a cruciform invocative monogram (type I according to
V. Laurent) in the corners of which, the name of the owner of the seal is
probably recorded. Thus, on non-imperial seals the image of Victoria is
preserved for a longer time than on imperial ones.
Why did an image of Victoria appear on non-imperial seals? This
question has been already put by N. P. Lihačev28: «Such an image is
barely pertinent to seals of private persons and yet there is a question,
whether they could represent Victoria crowning with a wreath on their
seals “. To my mind, the decision of this question lies in the complexity
of this image during the examined period. Since the time of religious
syncretism, especially in the first to the third centuries A. D. the meaning
of a Victoria - Nike representation became polysemantic. At that time
some more aspects to the traditional victory symbolism were added:
Nike - Tyche - Fortuna,29 and Victoria as a personification of immortality.
Nike as Tyche was interpreted as the Fortune of Christ and appeared in
25 Kent, 197b, 105-113.

26 For example, on bronze coins of Zenon, issued in Rome. Kent, vol. X, no.
3666, 3667.
27 M-7865. Dm. 21 mm. Unpublished.
28 Lihačev, IZIGI, p. 9.
29 B. Bojkova, “Antičny monety ot razkopkite v Ratiaria,” Numismatika XX,
1 (Sofia, 1986), 44, 47, no. 32, bronze coins of the Roman colony Stobi, issued
under Julia Domna (d. A.D. 217), wife of Septimius Severus.
23
Elena Stepanova
some dedicatory inscriptions of the VIth-VIIth c.30 Starting with the words:

“’Αγαθη Τύχη ’Ιησος Χριστὸς βοήθει‚” these inscriptions served as a
prelude to the formula IS XS NIKA. At the same time Nike could perform
the functions of dragon-fighting saints and angels vanquishing evil and
disease, which transformed the goddess into an image of the Christian
antiquity.31 Such meaning had been inherited from Antiquity where Life
was often represented as struggle in which a continuation beyond death
had been won. That is why the memorial portraits on sarcophagi were
often supported by Nikes. For this reason they are often placed in a
wreath, usually laurel, “a wreath of a life”.32 In a given context Nike acts
as a personification of triumph over death. As the image of a rider saint or
a standing military saint who lances with a spear a snake, her image could
be used on seals for protection against an Evil Eye.33
In sum, it is obvious, that it is the polysemantic character of the image
of Victoria - Nike during the considered period that made possible her
appearance both on imperial and on private seals.
30 “Nika,” Dictionnaire d’archéologie chrétienne et de liturgie 12/1 (Paris,

1935), col. 1269-1272.
31 V. Zalesskaja, “Obraz Niki v rannevizantijskoj plastike iz Aleksandrii,”
Soobščenija Gosudarstvennogo Ermitaža, LV (St. Petersburg, 1991), 42-44.
32 F. Cumont, Recherches sur le symbolisme funéraire des Romains, (Paris,
1942), 487.
33 Beside this, J. Nesbitt considers as “apotropaic devices” the images of pentalpha,
lion and scorpion. He would suggest as well “the possibility that the name Alexander
is actually a talisman and refers to Alexander the Great”. [J. Nesbitt, “Apotropaic
devices on Byzantine lead seals and tokens in the Collections of Dumbarton Oaks
and the Fogg Museum of Art,” Through a Glass Brightly. Studies in Byzantine and
Medieval Art and Archaeology Presented to David Buckton, ed. by Ch. Entwistle
(Oxford, 2003), 107-113]. In this connection it is necessary to remind the words
of John Chrysostom directed against those who carries chains from Alexander the
Great’ coins on a neck and on legs (Ad illuminandos catechesis, II, 5, PG 49, col.
240). It is not clear, however, whether it means ancient coins of Alexander the Great’
time. In this occasion H. Maguire notices, that such “coins” were manufactured as
amulets in the fourth century at the time when John Chrysostom preached, because
one of them, a circular gold pendant bearing a profile head of Alexander is now
preserved in the Walters Art Gallery of Baltimore [H. Maguire, The icons and their
images in Byzantium (Princeton, 1996), 136].
24
Alexandra - Kyriaki Wassiliou - Seibt
DER NAME ALEXIOS KONTOSTEPHANOS KOMNENOS -

IDENTIFIZIERUNGSVORSCHLÄGE ANHAND
SIGILLOGRAPHISCHER FUNDE
Eine der bekanntesten Familien, die sich mit dem Haus der Komnenen
verschwägerten, war die der Kontostephanoi. Sowohl in literarischen Quel-
len als auch auf Siegeln sind mehrere Personen für die 2. Hälfte des 12. Jh.
als Kontostephanos Komnenos vertreten, die z. T. auch gleiche Vornamen
hatten, was naturgemäß mit Identifizierungsproblemen verbunden ist. Das
trifft besonders bei Alexios und Stephanos zu, die die beliebtesten Vornamen
waren.1 Zu Stephanos2 habe ich bereits in einem anderen Zusammenhang
prosopographische Trennungen erwogen. Drei synchrone aber inhaltlich
differenzierte metrische Siegellegenden führen den Namen Alexios Konto-
stephanos Komnenos an, die im Folgenden erörtert werden sollen.
Beginnen möchte ich mit einem Stück, das zuvor in mehreren deutschen
Auktionen angeboten worden war, bis es schließlich in Wien landete.3 Die
Legende verteilt sich auf beide Seiten, ist aber nicht vollständig erhalten,
weil das Feld partiell plattgedrückt bzw. verletzt ist.
1 Barzos, Komnenoi I, 304-305 (Stemma der Kontostephanoi).

2 A. - K. Wassiliou - Seibt, „Stephanos Kontostephanos Komnenos und sein
Siegel: Ein Identifizierungsvorschlag,” Captain and Scholar. Papers in memory of
D. I. Polemis (Andros, 2009) p. 343-348.
3 Sammlung Seibt, Nr. 391, aus Auktion Münz Zentrum 100, 10.9.1999,
Nr. 768 (unvollständige und zum Teil irreführende Rekonstruktion der Legende.
Der Name wurde aber richtig gelesen).
25
Av.: +KOMNH|NOFUOUSH|.9FRAGISAL9E|JIOUKON9T...|9FANV9N.....|9S
TEF....|.....
Rv.: UPER|TATOSTE|PANSEbASTV9N|.9JIANTH....NSEbAS9TO9U|..99
S9EOSPA9R|.....9OS
My und Ny in der ersten Zeile des Averses sind ligiert; ein Punkt ungefähr
in der Mitte der vierten Zeile des Reverses fungiert als Verstrenner. CT in
der dritten und 5. Zeile als Stigma, OV in der fünften Zeile ligiert.
Auf die innere Symmetrie, die vorhandenen Spuren und den Inhalt
gestützt, bieten wir folgenden Rekonstruktionsvorschlag:
Κομνηνοφυοῦς ἡ [σ]φραγὶς Ἀλεξίου
Κοντ[οστε]φάνων [γένος], Στεφ[άνου γόνος]
ὑπέρτατός τε πανσεβάστων [ἀ]ξίαν
τῆ[ς πα]νσεβάστου [φύ]σε(ω)ς παρ[ηγμέν]ος.
Es handelt sich um einen vierfachen Zwölfsilber mit einem Binnenschluss
nach der fünften, siebten, fünften und fünften Silbe jeweils.
Aus dem Inhalt geht hervor, dass der Siegelinhaber Alexios Konto-
stephanos Komnenos hieß, Spross eines Stephanos Kontostephanos Panse-
bastohypertatos war, dessen Vater wiederum den Titel eines Pansebastos
hatte. Alexios war viel mehr bestrebt mit obiger Legende seine genauere
Abstammung aus dem Geschlecht der Kontostephanoi zu betonen und deren
gesellschaftliche Stellung hervorzuheben als seine noble Herkunft aus der
kaiserlichen Familie auszudrücken. Das Geschlecht der Kontostephanoi
weiß Alexios über seinen Vater hinaus zu preisen, indem er sich, wenn
auch indirekt, auf seinen Großvater bezieht. Obigen Siegelinhaber können
wir mit ziemlich großer Sicherheit mit dem zweitgeborenen Sohn von
Stephanos Kontostephanos und Anna Komnene,4 der zweitgeborenen
Tochter des Kaisers Ioannes II. Komnenos (1118 - 1143) und der Eirene
von Ungarn gleichsetzen.5 Über seine Mutter Anna Komnene war Alexios
auch Neffe des späteren Kaisers Manuel I. Komnenos (1143 - 1181). Das
πανσεβάστου φύσεως im letzten Zwölfsilber der Legende bezieht sich
auf Isaakios Kontostephanos μέγας δοὺξ τοῦ στόλου,6 den Vater von
Stephanos Kontostephanos bzw. Großvater von Alexios.
Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos (1), der um 1130 geboren sein dürfte,7
ist in den literarischen Quellen zum ersten Mal wahrscheinlich für die erste
Hälfte des Jahres 11568 greifbar. Es handelt sich um einen Brief des Georgios
4 Barzos, Komnenoi I, 381-390, Nr. 77.

5 Barzos, Komnenoi II, 222-248, Nr. 134.
6 Barzos, Komnenoi II, 380 mit A. 5.
7 Barzos, Komnenoi II, 222 mit A. 3.
8 Zum Datum s. J. Darrouzès, Georges et Dèmètrios Tornikès. Lettres et
discours (Paris, 1970), 172-173, A. 1.
26
DER NAME ALEXIOS KONTOSTEPHANOS KOMNENOS
Tornikes, Metropolit von Ephesos, der an seinen guten Freund Alexios

Kontostephanos als Dux des Themas Thrakesion adressiert ist. Tornikes
vermisst ihn sehr und ist bereit, wenn er ihn nicht bald besuchen kommt,
den Weg nach Philadelpheia auf sich zu nehmen, nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil
Alexios keine gerechten Entscheidungen als Dux trifft, was sowohl dem
Namen der Komnenen als auch der Kontostephanoi enormen Schaden zufügt.9
In einem vielleicht synchronen oder jüngeren Brief wirft Michael Glykas
unserem Siegelinhaber Prostitution (πορνεία) und Ungerechtigkeit vor, weil
er ἐλεημοσύνη nur durch Raub und Diebstahl erweist; er führe ein sündhaftes
Leben, daher ist es ihm nicht erlaubt, ohne μετάνοια und μετάληψις die
Kirche zu betreten, denn Gott nimmt die Gaben von Sündern nicht an, er erhört
auch ihre Gebete nicht.10 In der Überschrift des Briefes spricht Glykas seinen
Adressaten mit ἀνεψιός des Kaisers ohne Titel und Funktionsangabe an.11
Im Akt der am 12. Mai 1157 abgehaltenen Synode, die dogmatische
Lehre des Soterichos Panteugenes betreffend, erscheint Alexios Konto-
stephanos unter den genannten Teilnehmern an vierter Stelle als
περιπόθητος ἀνεψιός des Kaisers (sc. Manuel I.).12
Bei den Auseinandersetzungen um den ungarischen Thron im Jahre
1161/62 nach dem Tod Gézas II. (31.5.1161) zwischen Stephan (später
Stephan III.), dem Sohn des Verstorbenen, und dem gleichnamigen
Bruder des Verstorbenen (später Stephan IV.) war Manuel I. interessiert,
den Bruder zu unterstützen13 und setzte dafür seinen Neffen Alexios
Kontostephanos ein.14 Er schickte ihn mit Truppen, um letzterem bei der
Ergreifung der Macht zu helfen. Die Operation blieb aber erfolglos, weil das
ungarische Volk dem Kandidaten des byzantinischen Kaisers misstraute.15
Schließlich wurde der jüngere Bruder Gézas II. als Vladislav II. zum
König ernannt;16 ein Friedensvertrag auf fünf Jahre wurde zwischen
Byzanz und Ungarn abgeschlossen, wobei Alexios Kontostephanos die
byzantinische Seite vertrat.17 Nachdem aber Vladislav II. bald danach
9 Darrouzès, Tornikès, 172 - 174 (Nr. 27). S. auch 150, A. 1.

10 S. Eustratiades, Μιχαὴλ τοῦ Γλυκᾶ. Εἰς τὰς ἀπορίας τῆς θείας γραφῆς
κεφάλαια, (Athen, 1906), I, 160 - 174, Kap. 63. Barzos, Komnenoi II, 224, A. 8.
11 Eustratiades, a. O., 160: „Τῷ ἀνεψιῷ τοῦ κραταιοῦ καὶ ἁγίου ἡμῶν
βασιλέως κυρῷ Ἀλεξίῳ τῷ Κοντοστεφάνῳ“.
12 Nicetae Choniatae thesauri othodoxae fidei, PG 104, 177, Z. 8 - 9. Vgl.
V. Grumel, Les regestes des actes du patriarcat de Constantinople, III, 1043- 1206,
(Paris2,1989), Nr. 1041.
13 Choniates 127f. Vgl. F. Dölger, Regesten der Kaiserurkunden des
oströmischen Reiches, II, Regesten von 1025-1204 (bearbeitet von P. Wirth),
(München, 1995), Nr. 1140 (ab jetzt Dölger - Wirth).
14 Choniates 127, Z. 89-90: „τὸν ἀδελφιδοῦν Ἀλέξιον τὸν Κοντοστέφανον
συνεκπέμπει τῷ Στεφάνῳ μετὰ ἰσχύος“.
15 Choniates 128.
16 Choniates 127, Z. 94; Kinnamos, ed Bonn, 203, Z. 18.
17 Dölger - Wirth, Nr. 1441.
27
gestorben war (14. 1.1162), bestieg sein Neffe, der Günstling Manuels I.,
als Stephan IV. den Thron, worauf der byzantinische Kaiser bald Alexios
Kontostephanos mit Truppen zu ihm schickte, um etwaige Unruhen in
Ungarn zu verhindern. Als sich aber Stephan IV. nach kurzer Zeit sicher
fühlte, schickte er Alexios wieder zurück.18 Stephan IV. wurde bald
gestürzt, den ungarischen Thron bestieg sein Neffe als Stephan III. und
ersterer ersuchte wieder den byzantinischen Kaiser um Hilfe. Dieser
gewährleistete sie ihm nochmals durch Alexios Kontostephanos, den er
erneut mit Truppen losschickte, kurz danach folgte auch er selbst.19
In der Synode vom 6. Mai 1166 (Ὁ πατήρ μου μείζων μού ἐστιν)
erscheinen Alexios und sein älterer Bruder Ioannes Kontostephanos als
περιπόθητοι ἀνεψιοί des Kaisers unter den Teilnehmern.20 Wieder als
περιπόθητος ἀνεψιός Manuels I. in der Funktion eines πράκτωρ auf Kreta
wird Alexios in einer Notiz vom 16. März 1167 erwähnt.21 Als περιπόθητος
ἀνεψιός Manuels I. und Sohn des Panhypersebastos Stephanos Kontostephanos
wird er als Teilnehmer der Synode vom 30.1.1170 angeführt die Absetzung
des Metropoliten von Kerkyra Konstantinos als Monophysit betreffend.22
In der byzantinischen Historiographie wird zudem Alexios Kontostepha-
nos zusammen mit seinem Bruder Ioannes und anderen an der Seite Kaiser
Manuels I. als Teilnehmer des Feldzuges23 gegen den Sultan von Ikonion,
Kilidsch Arslan II. (1156-1192), angeführt. Zu den Vorbereitungen des
Feldzuges zählten sowohl die Erneuerung bereits bestehender Mauern
kleinasiatischer Städte als auch die Errichtung neuer Befestigungsanlagen.
Alexios Kontostephanos wurde mit der Wiedererrichtung der Stadtmauern
von Nikaia (1175) beauftragt, was aus der Monodie des Euthymios Malakes
an ihn hervorgeht.24 Der eigentliche Feldzug setzte im Sommer des Jahres
1176 ein, der byzantinische Kaiser versammelte seine Truppen am Fluss
Ryndax;25 dort erkrankte Alexios Kontostephanos und starb an hohem
18 Kinnamos 211 - 212.
19 Kinnamos 212. Vgl. auch die Zusammenfassung der Ereignisse um den
ungarischen Thron bei Barzos, Komnenoi II, 224 - 227.
20 S. N. Sakkos, “ Ὁ πατήρ μου μείζων μού ἐστιν,” Ἔριδαι καὶ Σύνοδοι
κατὰ τὸν ΙΒ´ αἰώνα. ΕΕΘΣΘ 11 (1967) 153, Ζ. 32 - 34 (Ioannes ist als älterer
zuerst erwähnt). Grumel, Regestes, 1058a.
21 F. Euangelatu - Notara, Σημειώματα ἑλληνικῶν κωδίκων ὡς πηγὴ διὰ τὴν
ἔρευναν τοῦ οἰκονομικοῦ καὶ κοινωνικοῦ βίου τοῦ Βυζαντίου ἀπὸ τοῦ 9ου αἰῶνος
μέχρι τοῦ ἔτους 1204, (Athen, 1978), 94 (Schreiber Georgios Kamarenos), 207 (421).
22 S. N. Sakkos, “ Ἡ ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει σύνοδος τοῦ 1170,” in: Θεολογικὸν
Συμπόσιον. Χαριστήριον εἰς τὸν καθηγητὴν Π. Κ. Χρήστου (Thessaloniki, 1967),
332, Z. 12 - 14. Grumel, Regestes, Nr. 1109.
23 Kinnamos 291ff.; Choniates 175ff. Vgl. G. Ostrogorsky, Geschichte des
byzantinischen Staates (München, 31963), 322f. Barzos, Komnenoi II, 229f.
24 A. I. Papadopulos - Kerameus, Noctes Petropolitanae. Sbornik vizantijskich
tekstov XII-XIII vekov (St. Petersburg, 1913), 151, Z. 25 - 29.
28
Fieber, noch ehe der Feldzug begonnen hatte,26 der mit der Niederlage von
Myriokephalon seinen Höhepunkt erreichte.
Aus der Monodie des Euthymios Malakes geht hervor, dass Alexios
Kontostephanos auch Kommandant von Hellas und Peloponnesos27
gewesen war. Die genaue Zeit ist jedoch nicht festzulegen. Barzos schlug
als Zeitspanne die Jahre zwischen 1170 und 1176 vor,28 es könnte aber
auch früher gewesen sein.
Ausführliche Informationen über die Person und den Charakter des Alexios
Kontostephanos sind in der bereits angeführten, in Prosa geschriebenen
Monodie seines Freundes Euthymios Malakes, sowie jener in Versen
verfassten eines Anonymus29 enthalten. Selbst wenn beide den Verstorbenen
in jeder Hinsicht nur loben und preisen, was verständlicherweise in derartigen
Schriften gerechtfertigt ist, kann sich der Rezipient doch ein gewisses Bild
von ihm machen: Er war jedenfalls ein gebildeter Mann, rhetorisch erprobt
sowohl im geschriebenen als auch im gesprochenen Wort,30 und zudem
ein Theoretiker der Kriegstaktik.31 Er soll unter anderem auch ein schöner
Mann gewesen sein, ob er allerdings wirklich blond32 bzw. hellhäutig33 war,
ist nicht sicher, zumal derartige Angaben dem damaligen Schönheitsideal
entsprechen und als literarische Topoi aufzufassen sind. Dazu gehört auch
das Bild des tapferen und tüchtigen Feldherrn.34 Alexios Kontostephanos
Komnenos war verheiratet,35 hatte aber keine Kinder.36 Anders als in den
eingangs erwähnten Briefen, die Alexios Kontostephanos unter anderem
Ungerechtigkeit im Amt vorwerfen, ja sogar deswegen verpönen, wird in den
Monodien erwartungsgemäß das Ideal des Staatsmannes präsentiert, der sich
25 Kinnamos 299, Z. 17-19.

26 Papadopulos - Kerameus, a. O., 146, Z. 11 - 13, 21 - 23; 148, Z. 18 - 19. Vgl.
Barzos, Komnenoi II, 233.
27 Papadopulos - Kerameus 145, Z. 26 - 27; 150, Z. 31 - 32; 151, Z. 11 - 12, 14 - 17.
28 Barzos, Komnenoi II, 226.
29 L. Sternbach, Spicilegium Prodromeum (Krakau, 1904), 16-27 (in 360
Zwölfsilbern verfasst). Darrouzès, Tornikès, 58f. schreibt nicht überzeugend
diese Monodie Theodoros Prodromos zu. W. Hörandner, Theodoros Prodromos.
Historische Gedichte (Wiener Byzantinistische Studien, 21) (Wien, 1974), 444
hingegen nicht. So auch Barzos, Komnenoi II, 243-244, A. 132.
30 Papadopulos - Kerameus, a. O., 143, Z. 6-7; 150, Kap. 20.
31 Papadopulos - Kerameus, a. O., 145, Z. 14ff.
32 Sternbach, a. O., 18, V. 78 (χρυσόθριξ).
33 Papadopulos - Kerameus, a. O., 143, Z. 22 (χρυσοειδὲς τῆς ὄψεως).
34 Papadopulos - Kerameus, a. O., 143, Z. 21, 23, 28, 33; Sternbach, a. O., 19,
VV. 84, 112; 20, V. 124.
35 Sternbach, a. O., 19, V. 81; Papadopulos - Kerameus, a. O., 153, Z. 3 und 19,
wo die Ehefrau des Alexios als Komnene und Tochter eines Logotheten bezeichnet
wird. Barzos, Komnenoi II, 233 - 234 mit A. 73 möchte letzteren mit Ioannes
Kamateros verbinden.
36 Papadopulos - Kerameus, a. O., 153, Z. 22.
29
als Wohltäter und Hüter der Gerechtigkeit und der Loyalität ausgezeichnet
hat.37
Sowohl auf unserem Siegel als auch in allen anderen Quellenangaben
die Person des Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos betreffend ist kein Titel
angeführt. Er dürfte aber den Rang eines Sebastos besessen haben, auf den
er in der Legende jedoch verzichtet. Die Bleibulle selbst setzen wir in die
Zeit ab ca. 1150 bis zu seinem Tod im Sommer des Jahres 1176.
Einen Alexios Kontostephanos, der mütterlicherseits auch ein Komnene
war, führt folgende bekannte und ebenfalls in Zwölfsilbern abgefasste,
inhaltlich weniger anspruchvolle Siegellegende vor:
(Typus a)
Κοντοστεφάνου τὰς γραφὰς Ἀλεξίου

ἐγὼ κρατύνω Κομνηνοῦ τὸ μητρόθεν.38
Der zweifache Dodekasyllabos findet sich auf zwei sehr ähnlichen,
aber doch nicht stempelidentischen Typen (a und b). Der Durchmesser
des Feldes ist nämlich bei a kleiner (28 mm) als bei b (33 mm).
Bisher wurden diese Typen Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos (1)
zugesprochen, was aber nicht unbedingt sein muss.39 Ich tendiere eher dazu
sie einer anderen Person zuzuweisen, nämlich dem gleichnamigen synchronen
Cousin ersten Grades († vor 1156),40 Sohn des Andronikos Kontostephanos
Komnenos und einer Theodora Komnene. Über diesen Alexios Kontostephanos
Komnenos (2), der sehr jung vom Leben gegangen ist, wissen wir fast nichts.
37 Papadopulos - Kerameus, a. O., 150, Z. 12-13; 151; Sternbach, a. O., 24, V. 280.

38 Typus a: Auktion Münz Zentrum Rheinland 135, 10. - 12.1.2007, Nr. 949
(unsere Abb.); Laurent, Vatican, 181; Lichačev, Molivdovuly, LXV 2; ANS, Mabbott
6; I. Koltsida - Makre, “New Acquisitions of Byzantine Lead Seals in the Athens
Numismatic Museum Collections,” SBS 9 (2006) 16, Nr. 6. Typus b: V. S. Šandrovskaja,
“Vvedenie v vizantijskuju sfragistiku,” A. I. Romančuk, V. S. Šandrovskaja, Vvedenie
v vizantijskuju archeologiju i sfragistiku (Ekaterinenburg, 1995), 103, Abb. 27;
DO 44.7.1099.
39 Vgl. Hörandner, Historische Gedichte, 445.
40 Barzos, Komnenoi II, 58-60, Nr. 106.
41 Hörandner, Historische Gedichte, 447, LIII 25 - 30. In der Vergangenheit
löste bei den Philologen dieses Gedicht Probleme aus, weil man es mit Alexios
30
Er selbst bittet Jesus Christus um seinen eigenen Schutz, den seiner Frau Maria
Dukaina und ihrer gemeinsamen Kinder.41 Das zuletzt bei W. Hörandner
edierte und kommentierte Gedicht von Theodoros Prodromos, Nr. LII, S.
445 - 446 könnte sowohl an Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos (1) wie auch
an Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos (2) gerichtet sein.
Jünger als die vorangegangenen Siegeltypen ist eine bisher unver-
öffentlichte Bulle (DO 58.106.5745)42 eines anderen Alexios Konto-
stephanos Komnenos (3), der sich „Enkel eines Purpursprosses“
(πορφυροβλαστέγγονος) nennt. Die Legende ist in zwei Zwölfsilbern
konzipiert und verteilt sich auf beide Seiten des Siegels.
Av.: + |ALEJIW|SFRA9GISMA|KONTOSTE|FANOU
Rv.: KOMNH|NO9FUOUS|PORFURO|bLA.9TE|GGON9OU
Ἀλεξίου σφράγισμα Κοντοστεφάνου
Κομνηνοφυοῦς πορφυροβλαστεγγόνου.
Omikron und Ypsilon in der ersten Zeile des Av. sind ligiert. C und T in
der dritten als Stigma verbunden. Das Beta in der vierten Zeile des Rv. ist
offen (R). Unterhalb der Legende der Av.-Seite als Zierelement ein Punkt,
zu beiden Seiten ein Längsstrich. Wahrscheinlich befand sich Ähnliches
auch auf dem Avers. Der Inhaber dieses Stückes war wohl ein Sohn von
Andronikos Kontostephanos Komnenos und einer „wunderschönen“
Dukaina unbekannten Vornamens.43 In der byzantinischen Geschichts-
schreibung wird er als Rebell apostrophiert: Im Frühjahr 1183 hat er
zusammen mit seinem VaterAndronikos Kontostephanos Komnenos Megas
Dux und seinen Brüdern sowie Andronikos Dukas Angelos und seinen
Söhnen eine missglückte revolutionäre Bewegung gegen Andronikos I.
Komnenos (1183 - 1185) inszeniert. Nachdem die Geheimpolizei des
letzteren – wahrscheinlich durch Verrat – davon erfahren hatte, wandte
sie sich gegen die Rebellen. Andronikos Dukas Angelos und seine Söhne
Kontostephanos Komnenos (1) verbinden wollte. Der hatte aber keine Kinder
und war zudem auch mit keiner Dukaina verheiratet. Zur Problematik und den
verschiedenen Lösungsvorschlägen s. Darrouzès, Tornikès, 59f.; Hörandner,
Historische Gedichte, 444 - 445.
42 Für die Publikationserlaubnis danken wir Dumbarton Oaks, für die
Übersendung des Photos John Nesbitt.
31
konnten fliehen, der Vater des Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos und

seine vier Brüder hatten ein grausames Ende: nachdem sie festgenommen
worden waren, stach man ihnen die Augen aus. Er selbst blieb als einziger
am Leben.44 Für 1191 ist er als Chartularios mit dem Titel eines Pansebastos
Sebastos bezeugt.45 Im Rahmen der Unterdrückung eines gemeinsamen
Aufstandes der Valachen und Bulgaren auf dem Balkan unter Isaakios II.
gelang es Alexios Angelos Komnenos, seinen Bruder, den amtierenden
Kaiser, zu blenden und einzukerkern (8.4.1195), und sich selbst zum
Kaiser ausrufen zu lassen. Er benachrichtigte von Kypsella aus seine
Gattin Euphrosyne, die sich in Konstantinopel befand, den Großen Palast
zu besetzen; er selbst machte sich auf den Weg in die Hauptstadt, um sich
in der Hagia Sophia krönen zu lassen. Gegen die Aktion Euphrosynes
erhob sich ein kleiner Teil der hauptstädtischen Bevölkerung, die eine
φατρία gebildet und Alexios Kontostephanos zum Kaiser ausgerufen
hatte. Letzterer zeigte Begeisterung für die Astronomie und hatte es
schon in der Vergangenheit auf den Thron abgesehen (gemeint ist das
Komplott von 1183). Das Gefolge Euphrosynes konnte die Rebellion
auflösen, Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos wurde festgenommen.46
Nach diesem Zeitpunkt beziehen wir keine weiteren Informationen
mehr über ihn. Niketas Choniates äußert sich abwertend über diesen
Kontostephanos (τινὰ Κοντοστέφανον, S. 455, Z. 66 - 67) und sein
Gefolge (τὸ χυδαΐζον τῆς πόλεως, S. 456, Z. 72 - 73), nicht zuletzt weil
er unter den Angeloi zu den Personen mit führenden Positionen zählte.
Während der Regierungszeit von Alexios III. bekleidete er das Amt des
Groß Logotheten.47
Mit dem Epitheton πορφυροβλαστέγγονος in der Siegellegende
bezieht sich Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos (3) auf seine Großmutter
väterlicherseits, Anna Komnene, die die zweitgeborene Tochter Ioannes II.
Komnenos war.
Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos (1) war sein Onkel, Alexios
Kontostephanos Komnenos (2) ein älterer Cousin zweiten Grades.48
43 Barzos, Komnenoi II, 249 - 293.

44 Choniates 266-267; vgl. Barzos, Komnenoi II, 289ff.
45 A. Papadopulos - Kerameus, Ἀνάλεκτα Ἱεροσολυμιτικῆς Σταχυολογίας,
(St. Petersburg, 1894), II, 362, Z. 21-22.
46 Choniates 455-456. Vgl. Cheynet, Pouvoir, 129-130; Barzos, Komnenoi II,
734-736.
47 M. Angold, Η Βυζαντινή αυτοκρατορία από το 1025 έως το 1204. Μία
πολιτική ιστορία (Athen, 1997), 494 (Übersetzung des englischen Originals The
Byzantine Empire 1025-1204. A Political History [2London, 1994]).
48 Vgl. das Stemma bei Barzos, Komnenoi I, 304/305.
32
Ivan Jordanov
BYZANTINE LEAD SEALS FROM THE VILLAGE OF MELNITSA

(DISTRICT OF ELKHOVO, BULGARIA), PART II
About ten years ago I documented and later published sixty Byzantine
lead seals discovered in the fortress near the village of Melnitsa, district
of Elkhovo (Jordanov, Melnitsa).1
The finds originating from this fortress continued to grow in the past
years and the number of seals has doubled. It is time to document the new
finds and to offer an analysis of their use in relation to the type of settlement
in which they were discovered. The new finds come mainly from a private
collection purchased for the Regional Historical Museum in Shumen
(RHM). It was formed in the last few years and the Melnitsa origin of the
seals is almost certain.
The seals have been arranged according to the established scheme of
names in alphabetical order and their numbering has been continued. This
is also an occasion to amend the previous publication of some of the seals,
which were not satisfactorily documented and illustrated. Finally, this
article offers new information on the current location of the seals.
4. Andronikos Doukas, sebastos (ХII - ХIII c.)

RHM, Shumen, no. 14354. Former collection of Emil Kossev, from Shumen. D.
21 - 44 (31), 3,5 mm. W. 16,76 g. Once a superb imprint, of which only a portion
smaller than a half has reached us. The completion of the text is difficult at this stage.
We need to find some unpublished parallel or a better preserved specimen.
Ed.: I. Jordanov, “Pečati na vizantiiski sevasti ot teritorijata na Bulgaria,” Numismatika
i sfragistika 2 (1998), no. 5; Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 196; Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen,
no. 173; Jordanov, Melnitsa, no. 4.
No parallel known.
1 Jordanov, Melnitsa = I. Jordanov, “Byzantine Lead Seals from the Village of

Melnitsa (District of Elkhovo, Bulgaria),” SBS 7 (2002) 21-57 (thereafter, Jordanov,
Melnitsa).
33
Ivan Jordanov
5. Aspietes Pakourianos (XI - XII c.)

RHM, Shumen, no. 14514. Former collection of Emil Kossev, from Shumen.
Find- spot: stronghold near Melnitsa. D. 19 - 21 (15), 3 mm. Good imprint, but broken
along the channel.
Ed.: Jordanov, Melnitsa, no. 5; Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 534; Jordanov - Zhekova,
Shumen, no. 399.
24. Theodore Kasseteras, protospatharios and strategos (ХI c.)

Archaeological Museum in Nessebar, no. 925. From Dr. Tzanko Petrov Stoyanov,
physician and collector in Nessebar. Find- spot: stronghold near Melnitsa (?).D. 31- 33
(28), 3 mm. W. 12,22 g. Large flat blank of unprinted areas of the dies.
Ed.: Jordanov, Melnitsa, no. 24; Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 296.
Parallel: Another specimen struck by the same boulloterion was found
in the Strategia of Preslav, see Jordanov, Preslav, no. 356; Jordanov,
Corpus II, no. 295.
41. Michael, grandson of Samuel (XI c., last quarter)

Archaeological Museum Nessebar, no. 1027. From Dimitar Neychev (Elkhovo).
Find- spot: Melnitsa. D. 23 - 23 (22), 2,1 mm. W. 6,61 g.
Ed.: Jordanov, Melnitsa, no. 41; Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 603.
Parallel: Unpublished specimen from Vienna.
41a. Manuel Lachanas (ХII c.)

Private collection from Shumen. Find- spot: region of the Strandja Mountain (in
such cases, it most frequently refers to the stronghold near Melnitsa). D. 30 - 33
(23), 3,5 mm.
Ed.: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 400; Jordanov, Melnitsa, no. 41a (without photo).
Parallel: A parallel specimen struck by the same boulloterion is
preserved in the IFEB collection, no. 175.
50-51. Аnonymοus (XI c., second half)

a) Historical Museum, Nessebar, no. 1051. Find- spot: fortress near Melnitsa.
D. 16 - 17 (15), 3 mm. W. 4,85 g.
Ed.: Jordanov, Melnitsa, no. 50.
b) Historical Museum, Nessebar, no. 1935. Find- spot: fortress near Melnitsa.
D. 13 - 16 (16), 3,1 mm. W. 4,14 g.
Ed.: Jordanov, Melnitsa, no. 51.
Both specimens were struck by different dies or boulloterion.
34
53. Аnonymοus (XI c., second half)

Historical Museum, Nessebar, no. 1134. Find- spot: notes in the inventory book
as the northern beach of the peninsula in the Old Town of Nessebar. In previous
publication: the village of Melnitsa? D. 16,5 - 19 (13), 4,5 mm. W. 7,80 g.
Ed.: Jordanov, Melnitsa, no. 53.
61. Aetios, protospatharios and strategos of Presthlavitza

(XI c., first quarter)
RHM, Shumen, no. 15095. Former collection of V. Stankov from Batak. Find- spot:
Topolovgrad - Melnitsa. D. 29-30 (22) mm. W. 15,12 g.
Ed.: Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen, no. 315.
Parallels: Two further specimens from the same dies are known, two
from the country – Preslav and Sliven, see Jordanov, Corpus I, nos.
63.1 Ba - Bb, and а third in the collection of the Fogg A. M., no. 2284
(see DOSeals 1.69.1). For the rest of the seals of the same Aetios, see
Jordanov, Corpus I, nos. 63.1 A - C.
62. Anna Doukaina, sebaste (1068 - before 1136 ?)

RHM, Shumen, no. 15495. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find- spot:
Melnitsa. D. 15 - 16 mm. Although the imprint was centered, it is incomplete due to
the small blank. A large part of the text remained outside of the blank.
Unpublished.
Parallel: Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, no. 67, which is also incomplete and the
reading is not absolutely certain.
We cannot be sure whether our specimen was struck by the same
boulloterion.
Obv. Bust of the Virgin, orans, facing with medallion on her breast.
Rev. Inscription of five lines:
......|........|..NHSE..|.HTHD.|.AINH
[+Q(eotov)ke b(ohv)q(ei) th/' sh/' douvlh/ Ἄn]nh/ se[bast]h/'
th/' D[ouk]aivnh/.
63. N. Antiochites, protospatharios (ХI c.)

RHM, Shumen, no. 15117. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find- spot:
Melnitsa. D. 18 - 21 (15), 3 mm. W. 6,66 g.
No parallel known.
35
Ivan Jordanov
64. Bardas Merkolites, vestes (1060s)

RHM, Shumen, no. 15496. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak, no. 220.
Find- spot: fortress near Melnitsa.
Parallel: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 465. Both specimens were struck by
the same boulloterion.
65. Basil, rector (IX c.)

Melnitsa. D. 12-22 (20), 3 mm. W. 3,78 g.
Parallel: Konstantopoulos, no. 489.
The collection of RHM, Shumen, no. 15175, contains a seal probably
belonging to the same Basil, on which he is oijkonovmo" th'" Neva" (see
Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen, no. 346)
66. Basil Gemidinos, kouropalates (XI c., end)

RHM, Shumen, no. 15140. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find - spot:
Melnitsa. D. 20-22 (17), 4 mm. W. 5,34 g.
No parallel known.
The letters of the last line recording the family name are not very distinct,
which renders the reading difficult. Such a family name is unknown.
67. Basil N., vestarches (ХI c., third quarter)

Melnitsa. D.16-19 (11) 3,1 mm, W. 5,30 g. The reading of the family name is uncertain.
No parallel known.
68. Christophoros, imperial spatharokandidatos

epi ton barbaron (X c.)
Melnitsa. D. 14-23 mm. Half of what was once an excellent imprint.
Unpublished.
No parallel known.
Obv. On the left, a griffin, attacking a dragon.

Rev. Inscription of five lines:
....ST|....V2b2S|...ROKAN|...EPITO|..ARbAR|.?.
[+Cri]st[ofovr]w/ b(asilikῷ) s[paqa]rokan[d(i)d(av)t(w/)] ejpi;
to;[n b]arbavr(wn) +
36
69. Constantine, bishop of Develtos (XI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 16-18 (18), 3,1 mm. W. 6,04 g.
in Debelt, see Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen, no. 359. A third specimen
is preserved in the collection of the museum in Istanbul, no. 429. See
Laurent, Corpus, V/1, no. 723.
70. Constantine, proedros of Russia (1156 - 1159)

Melnitsa. D. 27.5-29 (26), 3,5 mm, W. 15,48 g. The specimen was once a complete
good imprint, but now it is in a poor state of preservation, chipped along the
circumference and cracked along the channel.
Unpublished.
Parallel: The collection of the Benaki Museum in Athens contains another
specimen struck by the same boulloterion. The whole text can be restored on
the basis of comparison with our specimen. We encountered an enigma in the
process of comparison. According to Father Laurent’s description, the Virgin
is represented on the obverse seated on a low-backed throne. Laurent, Corpus,
V/1, no. 789. However, a bust representation is seen in the illustration, which
resembles that of the Virgin, but a careful look reveals that it is a beardless
saint, most probably St. Stephen (Laurent, Corpus, V/1, Pl. 107). Probably
the unclear photo has given grounds to V. L. Janin to postulate in his work
that the obverse contains “ поясное изображение Богоматери”.2 I find it
difficult to explain this discrepancy. Perhaps there was a technical error in
the publication of Laurent’s Corpus and the seal of Constantine, proedros of
Russia, was related with the obverse of another seal. Victoria Bulgakova has
encountered the same riddle in her work with the seals of the metropolitans
of Kiev.3 She has investigated why the image of St. Stephen appeared instead
of that of the Virgin seated on throne. In her opinion, St. Stephen comes from
seal no. 199 of Laurent’s Corpus, belonging to John kouboukleisios and
imperial cleric (Laurent, Corpus, V/1, no. 199).
Obv. The Virgin seated facing on thokos, holding a medallion before her
breast. Sigla: M-R||YU: M(hvth)r Q(eo)u'.
Rev. Inscription of four lines: +SFRA|GISPROEDRw|RvSIAKvN|STNATINw
+Sfragi;" proevdrou ÔRwsiva(") Kwnstantivnou.
2 V. L. Janin, Aktovye pečati Drevnei Rusi X-XV c., vol. 1 (Moscow, 1970),

49, no. 49.
3 V. Bulgakova, Byzantinische Bleisiegel in Osteuropa. Die Funde auf dem
Territorium Altrusslands (Wiesbaden, 2004), 265.
37
Ivan Jordanov
Who was this Constantine proedros of Russia and how did his seal
happen to be in the fortress near the village of Melnitsa? In the following
lines I will try to find the answers to these two questions.
Another group of seals is known bearing the name of Constantine me-
tropolitan of Russia.
They contained the image of the Virgin seated on throne on the obverse,
as on our specimen, but the inscription of the reverse is different:
+Kwnstanti'no" ejlevw/ Qeou' mhtropolivth" pavsh" ÔRwsiva".
This Constantine is attested on three seals: one is in the collection of the
museum in Lvov4 and two are in the collection of the Hermitage: one is a
lead seal5 and the other is struck on a gold plate.6
Two metropolitans of Russia in the XIIth c. named Constantine are
attested in narrative sources. One occupied the see in 1156 and died in
1159. The other was metropolitan from 1167 and his name was mentioned
until 1174. The previous investigators shared the opinion that the first group
of seals, to which our specimen also belongs, belongs to Constantine I,
while the second group is from Constantine II (1167-1174).7
The first Constantine appears in the proceedings of a session of the
Synod of the Patriarchate of Constantinople, chaired by Patriarch Loukas,
on 26th January 1156. The session discussed the question of Christ’s
sacrifice, including its liturgical aspects. The metropolitan of Russia, who
was going to depart for his bishopric, shared his opinion on this question
and asked the other hierarchs to do the same, in order for the synod to
promulgate a canon, which would settle the aroused dogmatic doubt. The
opinion of the Metropolitan of Russia was that Christ’s sacrifice was not
offered only to the Father, but also to the Word itself and to the Holy Spirit,
since the Holy Trinity was indivisible. Other bishops and the Patriarch
of Jerusalem made their opinion known. Two schismatic clerics were
questioned. Protecdicos Michael, perhaps the nephew of the metropolitan
of Thessalonike (oJ tou' Qessalonivkh"), declared that he had doubted but
that he now fully accepted the decision of the synod. The metropolitan of
Dyrrachion Eustathios, who had submitted his written opinion, admitted
his doubts and wished to be enlightened on the question. Finally, led by
sacred zeal, the bishops anathematized all those who had different views
and persevered in their heresy, while penitents would be forgiven according
4 D. Swiencicky, “Byzantinische Bleisiegel in Sammlungen von Lwow,”

Izvestia na bulgarskoto istoričsko družestvo, 16-18 (1940) 434-441.
5 Laurent, Corpus, V/1, 606-607, no. 790; Janin, Aktovye pečati, cit., 49.
6 B. B. Guruleva, “Vtoroe obretenie pamjatnika (Hrisovul russkogo mitropolita
XII v.),” Sfragistika i istorija kul’turyi (St. Petersburg, 2004), 121-129.
7 N. P. Lichačev, “Materialy dlja istorii vizantijskoi I russkoi sfragistiki,”
Trudy muzeja paleografii 2 (1930) 5; Laurent, Corpus, V/1, 606; Janin, Aktovye
pečati, cit., 49.
38
to the canons and traditions of the Fathers. The proceedings were signed
and sealed by the chartophylax John Pantechnes.8
The name of Constantine, metropolitan of Russia, is mentioned again in
the register of the Patriarchate, late January or February 1156, in a patriarchal
letter ascertaining the legitimacy of Constantine as metropolitan of Kiev
and Russia. The same letter ordered that Clement to be banished from the
metropolitan see, anathematized (or excommunication – the Slavic word
for it is неблагословения) all those, who had nominated and supported him
were, and defrocked those who Clement had promoted and ordained.
Unfortunately, the text of the letter was lost. It can be partially restored
on the basis of the unreliable text of the Goustin chronicle.9 The initiative
for the choice of Constantine was due to Prince Yuri Dolgoruki. Three
bishops arrived for the consecration of the metropolitan in Kiev: Neophitos
of Novgorod, Kosmas of Polotsk and Manuel of Smolensk. Neophitos
died before the arrival of Constantine and only two bishops and the
metropolitan celebrated the divine liturgy in the Hagia Sofia cathedral.
Yuri received a blessing in the church. In Kiev, Constantine began
appointing new bishops and he banished Clement’s followers. In 1157,
he appointed the Greek Kosmas as bishop in Galich and Basil, whose
nationality is unknown, in Pereyaslav, and in 1159 Antony, a Greek again,
in Chernigov. Arkadios, whom the Novgorod citizens had elected in 1156,
was approved in 1158. Prince Yuri Dolgoruki died on 15th May 1158 and
was buried in St. Spas monastery, in Berestov, without the relevant honors
due to the opposition against him in the Kievan society.
After Yuri’s death, Iziaslav Davidovich, the former prince of Chernigov,
settled in Kiev. However, late in 1158, he was driven away from Kiev. His
church policy must have been very similar to that of Yuri, since metropolitan
Constantine remained in Kiev and continued distributing some of the
bishop’s positions: Arkadios in Novgorod, Leo in Rostov, etc.
After Iziaslav was driven away, Yaroslav and Mstislav entered Kiev.
Metropolitan Constantine probably afraid of the revenge of Mstislav for
the curse on his father by the synod of 1156 fled to Chernigov where the
Greek Antony was bishop. There, he got ill and died soon after (around
Easter 1159). His will specified that his dead body should be given to
the dogs. This unusual wish soon provoked a pious legend of miracles
accompanying the execution of the death wishes of the metropolitan.10
I will dwell upon the question of the possible addressee of the Russian
metropolitan in the fortress at the end of the present research.
8 Regestes, I, no. 1038.

9 Ibid., no. 1140.
10 M. D. Priselkov, Očerki po cerkovno-političeskoi istorii Kievskoi Rusi X-XII
vv. (St. Petersburg, 2003), 213-216; J. N. Stapov, Gosudarstvo i cerkov’ Drevnei
Rusi 10-13 vv. (Moskow, 1989), 197.14.
39
Ivan Jordanov
71. Constantine Alopos (XI c., last quarter)

Melnitsa. D. 18 - 17 (13), 3 mm. W. 5,34 g.
Parallel: Further two specimens struck by the same boulloterion were
found in Bulgaria. See Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 29-30.
72. David, imperial mandator and ek prosopou of Thrace (IX c.)

Melnitsa. D. 25-26 (22), 3,8 mm. W. 9,82 g.
No parallel known.
73. Eudokimos Morocharzanes (XI c., last quarter)

Melnitsa. D. 24,5-25.5 (20?), 3,8 mm. W. 11,64 g.
Parallel: Three more specimens struck by the same boulloterion were
found on other sites in Bulgaria, see Jordanov, Corpus II, nos. 516 - 518.
This is the second seal of Eudokimos Morocharzanes, found in the fortress.
74. George Kontoladonos? (ХI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 17-17,1 (13), 4 mm. W. 7,40 g. Some letters from the last two lines are
unclear, which renders the reading of the family name difficult.
75. George Choirosphaktes, patrikios (ХI c., second half)

Archaeological Museum of Plovdiv. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak.
Find- spot: the stronghold near Melnitsa. D. 29 - 29 (4)? mm.
Ed.: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 750.
Parallels: A. Mordtmann, “Plombs byzantins de la Grèce et du Pélo-
ponnèse,” Revue Archéologique 34 (1878) 48 and two unpublished specimens
from collections DO Shaw 1060 and former coll. Zacos (two copies).
1. In the former collection Zacos another metrical seal of George Choiro-
sphaktes, judge at Charsianon.
2. In the collection Fogg A. M., no. 782, an unpublished seal of George Choiro-
sphaktes as a private person.
Obv. Bust of the Virgin, orans, with medallion. Sigla: M-R||YU.

Rev. +|SKEP2YKE|GEVRGIV|TVXOIR2S|FAKTH.
40
76. Gregory, protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou ... (Х - ХI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 14 - 22 (19), 3 mm. W. 6,32 g. Half of what was once incomplete
imprint. The available letters are pressed and unclear, which renders the reading
of the text difficult.
No parallel known.
77. Gregory, protospatharios and epi tou maglabiou (X - XI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 16,5 - 19 (15), 2 mm. W. 4,70 g.
No parallel known.
78. John (XI c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 18-18 (14 - 16), 4,5 mm. W. 9,30 g.
No parallel known.
79. John (XI c., last quarter)

RHM, Shumen, no.15498. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find- spot:
Melnitsa. D. 17-17 mm. Complete and well-preserved imprint.
Unpublished.
Obv. Bust of the Virgin, orans, facing without a medallion on her breast.
Sigla: M||Y.
Rev. Inscription of four lines: +SKEP2|PANAGN2|SONLAT2|IV
+Skevp(oi") Panavgn(e) so;n lavt(rin) ʼIw(avnnhn).
80. John Isès (XII c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 22-25 (26?), 3 mm. W. 10,40 g.
in the region of Srem (modern Serbia), see L. Maksimović, V. L. Popović,
“Les sceaux byzantins de la région danubienne en Serbie,” SBS 3 (1993)
122 - 123, no. 8.
A John Ises is also attested in 1164/1165, at the time of the Hungarians’
attack against the city of Zeugme: “John Ises [‘Īsā], a Turk by birth who
had participated in Roman upbringing and way of life”
Ioannis Cinnami, Epitome rerum ab Ioanne et Alexio Comninis gestarum,
ed. A. Meineke (Bonn, 1836), 238-239. Deeds of John and Manuel
Comnenus, translated by C. M. Brand (New York, 1976), 79.
41
Ivan Jordanov
81. John Makrembolites (XI c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 16 - 17 (14?), 3 mm. W. 4,18 g.
Ed.: Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen, no. 393.
Parallels: Schlumberger, Sig., 674, no. 1; Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, 246, n. 530.
For the seals of John Makrembolites, see Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, 245 - 246
and H. Hunger, “Die Makremboliten auf byzantinischen Bleisiegel und in
sonstigen Belegen,” SBS 5 (1998) 9-16.
82. John Pepagomenos (XI c., last quarter)

Melnitsa. D. 24 - 25 (20), 3,5 mm. W. 10,18 g. Holed in the upper half, it was
probably suspended from a document or was worn as an icon.
Parallels: Unpublished from Fogg A. M. no. 715 and former coll. Zacos.
For the seals of John Pepagomenos, see Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, 291 - 292.
83. John Philagres (XI c., last quarter)

RHM, Shumen, no. 15116. Former collection of V Stankov, from Batak. Find - spot:
Melnitsa. D. 21 - 21 (20), 3 mm. W. 5,80 g.
Parallels: Unpublished from Fogg A. M. no. 715 and former coll. Zacos.
John Philagres is not attested in written sources. The Orghidan
Collection contains a seal of the proedros Andronikos Philagres (see
Laurent, Orghidan, no. 115).
84. John Stravoromanos (XI c., last quarter)

RΗM-Shumen, no. 15098. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find - spot:
Melnitsa. D. 24 - 25,5 (24), 4 mm. W. 10,84 g. Incomplete imprint. The last letters
of the inscription are missing.
Ed.: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 670A.
No parallel known.
85. John N., proedros (XI c., last quarter)

Melnitsa. Well-centered but incomplete imprint. Parts of the image and certain
letters did not print or were damaged. All that renders the reading, mostly of the
family name, difficult.
Unpublished.
Obv. Bust of unknown bishop saint facing, blessing (right hand) and
holding a book (left hand). Trace from vertical inscription: ...||IT-M2-.
Rev. Inscription of six lines: .KE..|.VSVD.|IVPROE|DRVTV.|.TO...|...
ª+ºK(uvri)e ªb(ohv)q(ei) tºῷ sῷ dªouv(lw/)º ʼIw(avnnh/) proevdrw/ tῷ ...
42
86. Justinian I (527 - 565)

Private collection of V. Stankov, from Batak). Find- spot: Melnitsa. D. 18 - 22 (19!),
3,9 mm. Incomplete imprint due to the irregular shape of the blank.
Unpublished.
Parallel: Schlumberger, Sig., 420; Laurent, Vatican, no. 9; I. Barnea,
“Sceaux des empereurs byzantins découverts en Roumanie,” Byzantina 3
(1971), nos. 2 - 5; Zacos - Veglery, no. 3 a - b; Seibt, Bleisiegel, no. 6.
Obv. Bust of Justinian I, with nimbus, beardless, facing; wears chlamys

and crown-helmet with plume and pendants. Circular inscription
along border of dots: ...VSTINI||.........
[D(ominus) n(oster) I]ustini[anus p(er)p(etuus) Aug(ustus)].
Rev. Winged Victory in chiton advancing to front; holds wreath in either
hand. In lower field l. and r., cross.
87. Katakalon Tarchaneiotes (1074 - 1095)

RΗM, Shumen, no.15119. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find- spot:
Melnitsa. D. 18 - 20 (16), 3 mm. W. 4,96 g.
Parallel: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 702.
For the rest of the seals of Katakalon Tarchaneiotes, see Jordanov,
Corpus II, nos. 701-703; I. G. Leontiades, Die Tarchaneiotai. Eine pro-
sopographisch-sigillographische Studien (Thessaloniki, 1998), 46 - 51.
88. Leo (X - XI c.).

RHM, Shumen, no. 15147. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak.
Find- spot: Melnitsa. D. 13 - 15 (11), 3,5 mm. W. 4,04 g.
No parallel known.
89. Leo (ХІ c., end)

Melnitsa. D. 13 - 15,5 (?), 3,1 mm. W. 3,10 g. Incomplete imprint due to the small
diameter of the blank.
Ed.: Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen, no. 629
No parallel known.
43
Ivan Jordanov
90. Leo (XI c., end)

Private collection of V. Stankov, from Batak). Find- spot: Melnitsa. D. 20 - 20 (18),
3 mm. Complete imprint in an excellent state of preservation.
Unpublished.
No parallel known.
Obv. Bust of the Virgin orans with a medallion on her breast. Sigla: M||YU
Rev. Inscription of four or five lines:
+SFRAG2|LEONTOS|OIKETwSw|PARYEN|E
+Sfrag(i;") Levonto" oijkevtou sou Parqevne.
Nos. 89 and 90 probably belonged to the same person.
91. Leo Hagioapostolites, protospatharios (XI c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 22 - 22 (20), 3 mm. W. 6,54 g.
No parallel known.
92. Leo Italiotes, (?) thytes (metropolitan) of the Thessalians

(XІІ c., second half)
Melnitsa. D. 22 - 26 (23), 4 mm. W. 10,14 g.
No parallel known.
The reading is hypothetical. A metropolitan of Thessalonica by this
name is unknown.
93. Leo Nikerites, vestarches (ХI c., third quarter)

stronghold near to village of Melnitsa. D. 20 - 21(18) mm. W. 7,44 g. Good imprint.
Ed.: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 523a. Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen, no. 139.
Parallels: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 523; Seibt, Bleisiegel, no. 99; DO. 58.
106. 5596 (unpublished). Struck with the same pair of dies as our specimen.
94. Maximos, protospatharios and protonotarios (Х - ХI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 13,5 - 15 (?), 3,5 mm.W. 4,20 g. Subsequently trimmed along the
circumference, possible to enhance the image on the obv., which damaged the
inscription and renders difficult the reading.
No parallel known.
44
95. Michael Arnes, hypatos and vestiarites (mid - XI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 25 - 26 (22), 3,5 mm. W. 10,10 g. A good and well-preserved imprint.
Ed.: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 60a.
Parallel: Šandrovskaja-Seibt, no. 34. Struck by a different boulloterion.
96. Moses Eulogios (ХII c.)

the fortress near Melnitsa. D. 23,1 - 24,1 (?), 3.8 mm. W. 10,28 g. Complete imprint,
slightly off center. The letters of the reverse are quite damaged.
Ed.: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 221a; Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen, no. 381.
Parallels: Two seals struck by the same boulloterion, see Jordanov,
Corpus II, no. 220 - 221. Another unpublished seal, struck by the same
boulloterion, is in DO. 58. 106. 4042.
97. Nicholas (?) Kallinikos, patrikios (mid - ХI с.)

Melnitsa. D. 14 - 15 (17?), 4 mm. W. 3,58 g.
No parallel known.
98. Photios, hypatos and kommerkiarios of Develtos? (IX c.)

Find- spot: Melnitsa. D. 20-21 (17,5?), 3,1 mm. W. 6 g. Incomplete imprint with
damaged surface, which renders the reading very uncertain, especially as regards
the kommerkiarios of Develtos.
No parallel known.
No kommerkiarios of Develtos bearing this name is recorded. If the reading
81 is correct, we can increase the list of the titular kommerkiarioi by one.
99. N. Radenos ? (ХI c.)

RHM, Shumen, no.15131. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find - spot:
Melnitsa. D. 17,5 - 18,3, 2 mm. W. 5,54 g.
Ed.: Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen, no. 536
No parallel known.
Other seals with the same name are preserved in the Hermitage
Collection [M-5520], see V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Obraz Sv. Prokopija na
pečatjah,” Hristijanskaja ikonografija Vostoka i Zapada v pamjatnikah
material’noj kul’tury drevnoj Rusi i Vizantii. Pamjati Tat’jany Čurkovoj
(St. Petersburg, 2006), 82-83, fig. 5 and DO. 58. 106. 1451; DO. 58. 106.
1188 and Zacos, (BnF) no. 446.
Obv. Bust of St. Prokopios holding a spear (r. hand) and shield ( l. hand).
Vertical inscriptions: q|PR|O || K|O|P
Rev. Inscription of four or five lines: GRH|GORH|OSvRA|DHN
Grhgovrio" wJ Radhn(ό")
45
Ivan Jordanov
100. Sisinnios, patrikios, imperial protospatharios and strategos

of Thrace (IX c.)
Melnitsa. D. 19,1 - 21,5 (?) 4-6 mm. W. 13,36 g.
Parallel: Jordanov, Corpus I, no. 35.6. The two seals were struck by
different boulloteria.
101. Stephen, protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou …(X - ХІ c.)

Melnitsa. D. 18-20 mm. Well - centered and well - preserved but incomplete imprint.
It seems a piece was cut from it, which renders difficult the reading.
Unpublished.
No parallel known.
Obv. Bust of a military saint (St. George) facing, holding a spear (right
hand). Trace from vertical inscription: ø-..||V-.-G...
Rev. Inscription of five or six lines:
+KEb2Y2|.TEFAN2A|..AY2EPIT|..TRIKLSZ|.VR2bN|....
+K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) ªSºtefavn(w/) (prwto)ªspºaq(arivw/) ejpi; t(ou')
ªCr(uso)ºtrikl(ivnou) ...
102. Stephen Polys (ХI c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 16 - 17 (15), 3 mm. W. 4,08 g. The whole bulla is effaced and slightly
worn, possibly from wearing it. As a result, the reading of the family is uncertain.
For the family name Polys and a possible identification with a Polys, archon
of the tagmata of the West, cited in Skylitzes, see Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 588.
103. Symeon, imperial protospatharios epi ton oikeiakon

and judge of Strymon and Boleron (XI c.)
RHM-Shumen, no. 15113. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find- spot:
Topolovgrad - Melnitsa. D. 22 - 25 (20), 4 mm. W. 11,12 g.
No parallel known.
104. Soterichos (?), patrikios and strategos of Thrace (X c.)

Melnitsa. D. 26 - 29 (25), 3 mm. W. 12,06 g.
No parallel known.
46
105. Theodore (XI c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 16-17 (?), 4 mm. W. 5,98 g.
No parallel known.
106-107. Theodore, archbishop of Anchialos (XI c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 15-15 (13?), 4 mm. W. 4,56 g.
Parallel: Laurent, Corpus, V/1, no. 854.
Melnitsa. D. 15-15 (13), 4 mm. W. 3,80 g.
Parallels: Two seals struck by the same boulloterion, found in Pomorie,
see Jordanov - Zhekova, Shumen, no. 355, and one unpublished from the
museum in Nessebar, no.1823 and one RHM, Shumen, no.15485.
The seal is generally dated to the second half of the XIth century. An
archbishop by this name is unknown for the see of Anchialos. At least two
letters impressed with seals from different boulloteria were received in
the fortress near Melnitsa. It could be assumed that the archbishop did not
use his two boulloteria at the same time and so we can deduce that there
is a certain span of time between the two letters.
108. Theodore Dobromiros, protoproedros (1070s - 1080s)

Stronghold near to Melnitsa, Elkhovo region. D. 15 - 16,5 (15), 4,5 mm. W. 5,22 g.
Parallel: For the seals of this dignitary, see Jordanov, Corpus II,
nos.176 - 182. Another unpublished specimen struck with the same pair of
dies is preserved in the Hermitage (M-5780).
109. Theognostos, protospatharios and asekretis (X - ХI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 19 - 20 (19?), 3 mm. W. 6,92 g.
No parallel known.
110. Theophylaktos (XI c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 15 - 15 (?), 2,5 mm. W. 3,22 g. Incomplete imprint. The reverse is
rather effaced and the letters recording the name are not very certain.
No parallel known.
47
Ivan Jordanov
111. Xene, nun and protovestiarissa (XI c., second half)

Find- spot: Melnitsa. D. 18,5 - 20 (15), 4 mm, W. 8,34 g.
No parallel known.
The abbreviation Ax meaning that she was a nun is not very distinct. Xene was
the monastic name of Maria, wife of the protovestiarios Andronikos Doukas
and mother of the empress Irene Doukaina; she was the granddaughter of
Bulgarian ruler John Vladislav: see M. Kouroupou - J.-F. Vannier, “Commé-
moraisons des Comnènes dans le typikon liturgique du monastère du Christ
Philanthrope (Ms. Panaghia Kamariotissa 29),” REB 63 (2005) 52.
112. Zacharias (XI c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 15 - 15 (11), 4 mm. W. 4,58 g.
No parallel known.
113. Anonymous (XI c., second half)

Private collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find- spot: Melnitsa. D. 22 - 22 (20), 3 mm.
Well-centered and complete imprint. A small fragment chipped from the upper half.
Unpublished.
Obv. Bust of Christ, bearded, facing; with nimbus, wears chiton and
himation; blessing (right hand) and holding book of the Gospel with
jeweled cover (left hand). Sigla: 6IS-6XS
Rev. Bust of the Virgin, orans, without a medallion on her breast. Sigla:
6M6-R||6Y5U
A most interesting detail on this seal: a small trapezium-shaped seal with
some symbols, perhaps Arabic numbers, is struck on Christ’s shoulder on
the obverse. I find it difficult to interpret them. Probably only the owner
of the seal and the recipients knew what they meant.
114. Anonymous (XI c.)

Find- spot: Strandzha region, probably Melnitsa. D. 12 - 13 (11), 4 mm. W. 3,74 g.
No parallel known.
48

RHM, Shumen, 15497. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find- spot:
Melnitsa. 17-18 mm.
Unpublished.
Obv. Bust of unknown military saint (St. Demetrios?) facing, holding a spear
(right hand) and a shield (left hand). No visible vertical inscription.
Rev. Bust of St. Theodore facing, holding a spear (right hand) and a shield
(left hand). Traces of a vertical inscription: ø-Y-E-.||D-O-R

Melnitsa. D. 22,5 - 24,5 (12), 3 mm. W. 10,02 g. Once a well-centered and complete
imprint, but now the surface is effaced and bent.
No parallel known.
117. Anonymous (XI c., last quarter)

Melnitsa. D. 22 - 22,5 (19), 3 mm. W. 8,36 g. Well-centered but incomplete imprint.
The letters on the reverse are indistinct and unclear.
No parallel known.
Seals with incomplete text

118. N., strategos of Thrakesion (ІХ c.)
Melnitsa. D. 14,5 - 25 (?), 5 mm. W. 8,34 g.
No parallel known.
119. N., imperial protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou

and strategos of Macedonia (X c.)
Find- spot: Strandzha region, probably Melnitsa? D. 13 - 25 (20) 2 mm. W. 3,14 g.
No parallel known.
49
Ivan Jordanov
120. N., protos of Papikion (XI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 13 - 15 (13), 4,5 mm. W. 4,04 g. Incomplete imprint in a good state of
preservation. The blank seems to have a lozenge shape and the imprint moved.
Parallel: Laurent, Corpus, V/2, no. 1237, struck by the same boulloterion.
It is impossible to say on what occasion the confraternity of the
monastery on the Papikion Mountain wrote to an unknown addressee in
the fortress near Melnitsa.
121. N., presbyteros and higoumenos

of … (XI c.)
Melnitsa. D. 18 - 18,5 (19?), 3 mm. W. 8,48 g.
No parallel known.
122. N., poimen (XI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 11 - 14,5 (10), 3,5 mm. W. 3,68 g.
No parallel known.
Obv. Inscription of three lines: +6K5E|bOH|YEI

Rev. Inscription of three lines: TIN|POIM2|SOU
+K(uvri)e bohvqei tὶn poim(evna) sou.
123. Niketas (?), imperial protospatharios,

hypatos … (Х - ХI c.)
Melnitsa. D. 19 - 21,5 (20), 3 mm. W. 8,22 g. Well - centered imprint in a poor state
of preservation. Slightly bent. The letters are indistinct which renders the reading
uncertain.
No parallel known.
124. N., imperial protospatharios ... (X - XI c.)

[RHM 15078]. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak, no. 74. Find- spot:
Strandzha area, probably Melnitsa. D. 13 - 25 (20), 2 mm. W. 2,86 g.
No parallel known.
50
125. N. (XI c.)

Find- spot: Melnitsa. D. 22 - 23,5 (22), 3,5 mm. W. 9,76 g.
No parallel known.
126. N. (XI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 22 - 22,5 (22), 2 mm. W.10,60 g. Certain letters are only barely visible
and cannot be connected in a definite text.
No parallel known.
127. N., metropolitan of Adrianople ? (XIΙ c.)

Melnitsa. D. 24.5 - 25,5 (22 ?) 3,5 mm. W. 7,60 g. Well-centered but incomplete
imprint, which renders the reading difficult.
No parallel known.
The end of the text on the reverse and the iconography give us grounds
to accept that this must be another seal of the metropolitan of Adrianople
(see Jordanov, Corpus I, no. 3.8).
127a. Eustathios, metropolitan of Adrianople (ХII c.)

In possession of a collector in Novi Pazar. It was documented in the Historical
Museum Shumen, but later returned to the owner. D. 42-43 (32), 3 mm. A
superbly preserved seal. It is quite possible that this specimen also originates from
Melnitsa. Here, it is mentioned as a parallel.
Ed.: Jordanov, Corpus I, no. 3.8. Several years later I saw the same seal at an
auction in Germany.
No parallel known.
The seal is dated to the XIIth century. The synodikon list of the
metropolitans of Adrianople gives the names of three metropolitans
(nos. 20-22), one of whom is Eujstavqio". They are not known from
other sources. According to Laurent, Eustathios took the throne in the
last quarter of the XIIth century [see V. Laurent, “La Liste épiscopale du
Synodikon de la métropole d’Andrinople,” ÉO 38 (1939), 21].
128. N. (ХІ c.)

HM, Shumen, no. 15125. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find- spot:
Melnitsa. D. 13 - 25 (19?) 2,5 mm. W. 4,92 g.
No parallel known.
51
Ivan Jordanov
129. N. (ХІ c.)

Melnitsa. D. 17 - 18 (16?), 2,5 mm. W. 3,68 g.
No parallel known.
130. N. (ХІ c.)

Melnitsa. D. 15 - 15,5 (16?), 3,5 mm. W. 4, 26 g.
No parallel known.
131. N. (ХІ c.)

Melnitsa. D. 14 - 16 (?), 3 mm. W. 3,70 g. Incomplete imprint in a poor state of
preservation.
No parallel known.
132. N. (XI c.)

RHM, Shumen, 15493. Former collection of V. Stankov, from Batak. Find- spot:
Melnitsa. D. 18 - 30 mm. Half of an overstruck seal, which renders the reading
impossible.
Unpublished.
No parallel known.
Obv. Part of the bust of St. John the Theologian. Remains of the vertical
inscription: .....||Y-E-O-LO-G2
Rev. Inscription of five lines.
The two strikings render the reading impossible. The overstrike is
blurred and the understrike is incomplete.
133. N. (XI c.)

Melnitsa. D. 11 - 18 mm. Fragment of a half in a poor state of preservation.
Unpublished.
No parallel known.
Obv. Part of the bust of St. Panteleemon. Remains from the vertical
inscription: .....||T-EL-E
Rev. Inscription of four lines: +....|TW....|O.....|TW....|-S.
52
134. N. (XI c., second half)

Melnitsa. D. 16 - 17 mm. Well-centered imprint in a poor state of preservation. The
inscription on the reverse is in a poor condition and is impossible to restore.
Unpublished.
Obv. Bust of unknown military saint (St. George?) facing, holding a spear
(right hand) and shield (left hand). Trace from vertical inscription:
...E-.||G-..
Rev. Inscription of four lines: +GRA|..SFRA|....|.....
***
After the presentation of the material, some kind of analysis should
be offered so as to answer the question of the possible recipients of
this correspondence. Since letters and documents were received in the
fortress from the early IXth century through the XIIth century, it would be
implausible to assume that they originate from a private person’s archive.
Clearly, it concerns institution(s) located in the fortress.
First, I will offer a chronological analysis. Of course, it is proposed with
the reservation that a precise dating of each seals is impossible either due
to the lack of sufficient characteristics (iconography, paleography, titles
and positions) or the state of our knowledge. For many of the seals in a
poor state of preservation, dating is impossible.
527 - 565:
85. Justinian I.
IX c.: 9 specimens
13. [Gregoras?], imperial spatharios and strategos of Thrace
28. Jacob, imperial spatharokandidatos
43. Myron, imperial protospatharios and grand kourator (second half)
49. N. imperial protospatharios and strategos of Macedonia
65. Basil, rector
72. David, imperial mandator and ek prosopou of Thrace
98. Photios, hypatos and kommerkiarios of Develtos?
100. Sisinnios, patrikios, imperial protospatharios and strategos of
Thrace
118. N., strategos of Thrakesion
The nine specimens are dated to the IXth century and covering the whole
century. Except for nos. 43 and 65, which originate from the capital, the
53
Ivan Jordanov
rest are from the provincial administration, mostly from the theme of
Thrace and only one from the theme of Macedonia. The fortress belonged
to the theme of Thrace, which explains the origin of many seals. Probably,
the Tundja River marked the boundary between the theme of Thrace and
the theme of Macedonia.
X c.: 3 specimens;
68. Christophoros, imperial spatharokandidatos epi ton barbaron
104. Soterichos (?), patrikios and strategos of Thrace
119. N., imperial protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou and strategos
of Macedonia
The number of seals is smaller but the origins are similar: one strategos
of Thrace and another of Macedonia and one official from the office of
epi ton barbaron.
X-XI c.: 13 specimens;

1. Agathonikos, spatharokandidatos and kommerkiarios
6. Basil, kouboukleisios and kathegoumenos
9-10. Basil Chalkoutzes, imperial notarios
48. Stephen, kouboukleisios
77. Gregory, protospatharios and epi tou magglabiou
76. Gregory, protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou . . .
88. Leo
94. Maximos, protospatharios and protonotarios
101. Stephen, protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou …
109. Theognostos, protospatharios and asekretis
123. Niketas?, imperial protospatharios and hypatos …
124. N., imperial protospatharios ...
It is interesting that the seals of officials from the central administration
prevail in number (nos. 1, 9-10, 76, 94, and 110). There is not a single seal
of a provincial governor.
XI c., first half: 7 specimens;

24. Theodore Kasseteras, protospatharios and strategos (XI c.)
36 - 37. Constantine Syropoulos, spatharokandidatos and kommerkiarios
of Develtos (XI c.)
39. Michael Iasites, magistros and doux of Antioch (1047?)
61. Aetios, protospatharios and strategos of Presthlavitza (XI c., first quarter)
95. Michael Arnes, hypatos and vestiarites (mid-XI c.)
97. Nicholas? Kallinikos, patrikios (mid-ХI с.)
Five of the seven seals belong to provincial governors. We cannot be
absolutely certain that the other two originate from the capital.
54
XI c.:
They are generally from after the 1050s, but we lack sufficient data for
a precise dating either due to the absence of dating characteristics (title,
position, etc.) or mostly due to the fact that they are in poor condition and
unreadable.
15. Seal of metropolitan of Adrianople?
16. Seal of metropolitan of Adrianople?
26. Theoktistos, monk
56. N. (XI c.)
63. N. Antiochites, protospatharios
69. Constantine, bishop of Develtos
74. George Kontoladonos?
99. N. Radenos?
103. Symeon, imperial protospatharios epi ton oikeiakon and judge of
Strymon and Boleron
106-107. Theodore, archbishop of Anchialos (second half)
120. N., protos of Papikion
121. N., presbyteros and hegoumenos of …
122. N., poimen
125. N.
126. N.
128. N.
129. N.
130. N.
131. N.
132. N.
133. N.
134. N.
It is interesting that those having complete texts are mainly ecclesiastical,
and belonged to various bishoprics and monasteries – 9. The ecclesiastical
seals basically appear after the mid - XIth c.
XI c., second half – third quarter:

11. Bryennios Batatzes, patrikios, anthypatos and katepano
(1050s-1060s)
12. Bryennios Batatzes (XI c., second half)
23. Theodore Kazanes, vestes (XI c., third quarter)
31. John Batatzes, vestes (XI c., third quarter)
32. John N., judge and grand kourator of Mytilene (XI c.)
34. Constantine, vestarches (XI c., third quarter)
40. Michael Xeros?, patrikios (XI c.)
42. Mouchoumet, vestarches (XI c., third quarter)
55
Ivan Jordanov
44. Niketas Seleukos (XI c.)

46. Nicholas Synesios, protoproedros (XI c., third quarter)
47. Romanos Monasteriotes, magistros (XI c., second half)
50-51. Аnonymous (XI c., second half)
52. Аnonymous (XI c., second half)
53-54. Аnonymous (XI c., second half)
64. Bardas Merkolites, vestes (1060s)
67. Basil N., vestarches (ХI c., third quarter)
75. George Choirosphaktes, patrikios (ХI c., second half)
78. John (XI c., second half)
81. John Makrembolites (XI c., second half)
91. Leo Hagioapostolites, protospatharios (XI c., second half)
93. Leo Nikerites, vestarches (ХI c., third quarter)
102. Stephen Polys (ХI c., second half)
105. Theodore (XI c., second half)
110. Theophylaktos (XI c., second half)
111. Xene, nun protovestiarissa (XI c., second half)
112. Zacharias (XI c., second half)
Almost all the seals belonged to title-bearers or private persons, some
of which are anonymous. There is only one seal, which belonged to an
official in the provinces – the Mytilene island.
XI c., last quarter:

3. Alexios Komnenos, sebastos and grand domestikos (1078-1081)
7-8. Basil Mauros, proedros and judge of the Hippodrome (XI c., last
quarter)
14. Gregory or Pantherios?, metropolitan of Adrianople (XI c.)
17. Gregory Maurokatakalon (XI c., last quarter)
18. Demetrios Apokaukos (XI c.)
21-22. Zacharias (XI c., end)
25. Theodoulos (XI c., end)
27. Theophanes (XI c., end)
30. John o tou Alexiotes, priest? (XI c.)
33. Constantine (XI c., end )
56
41. Michael, grandson of Samuel (XI c., last quarter)

55. Аnonymus (XI c., en)
66. Basil Gimidinos, kouropalates (XI c., end)
71. Constantine Alopos (XI c., last quarter)
79. John (XI c., last quarter)
82. John Pepagomenos (XI c., last quarter)
83. John Philagres (XI c., last quarter)
84. John Stravoromanos (XI c., last quarter)
85. John N., proedros (XI c., last quarter)
87. Katakalon Tarchaneiotes (1074 - 1095)
89. Leo (ХІ c., end)
90. Leo (XI c., end)
108. Theodore Dobromiros, protoproedros (1070s - 1080s)
117. Anonymous (XI c., last quarter)
The same tendency as above: only one or two officials from the central
administration. The remaining were title-bearers or private persons.
XI - XII c.: 5 specimens.

2. Еmperor Alexios I Komnenos (1081 - 1118)
5. Aspietes Pakourianos (XI - XII c.)
38. Michael Avlonas, protonobelissimos (ХI - ХII c.)
45. Nikephoros Dekanos, kouropalates and anagrapheus of Nisos (ХI-ХII c.)
62. Anna Doukaina, sebaste (1068 - before 1136)
XII c.: 14 specimens.

4. Andronikos Doukas, sebastos (XII - XIII c.)
19. Irene Iasitina (XII c., second half)
29. Еmperor Isaac II Angelos (1185 - 1195)
35. Constantine Maniakes, protonobelissimohypertatos (XII c., second half)
41A. Manuel Lachanas (XII c., second half)
58. (XII c.)
59. (XII c.)
60. (XII c.)
80. John Isys/Isès (XII c., second half)
70. Constantine, proedros of Russia (1156 - 1159)
92. Leo Italiotes? thytes (metropolitan) of the Thessalians (XІІ c., second half)
96. Moses Eulogios (ХII c.)
127-127a. N., metropolitan of Adrianople? (XIΙ c., second half)
57
Ivan Jordanov
It is interesting that almost all the seals are dated to the second half of
the XIIth c. Perhaps the fortress was reactivated at that time, possibly in
connection with the Bulgarian liberation movement. We can suppose that
a garrison was stationed there.
Thus, 134 lead seals were discovered in the fortress near the present-
day village of Melnitsa and their chronological presentation offers the
following picture.
The earliest is the seal of Justinian I (527 - 565). His seals are not
exceptional in the area: about fifty specimens were discovered in modern
Bulgaria. It marks the existence of a settlement around Melnitsa, during
his reign. The absence of other monogrammatic seals from the Vth - VIth
centuries is significant. The IXth century seals are a proof of an active life
in the area and reveal the contacts of the inhabitants with some central
institutions, mostly from the themes of Thrace and Macedonia. The
number of the Xth century seals is not great but prove the existence of
social life here. The correspondence of strategoi of Thrace and Macedonia
and capital officials was received in the fortress.
The proportion of the X - XIth century seals is sizeable, yet limited in
comparison with other active centers such as Preslav, Pliska, Silistra, etc.
It is interesting to note that the senders of the correspondence were mainly
officials from the central administration and the Palace.
Only a small number of seals come from the first half of the XIth century ‒
seven specimens ‒, but three of them belonged to provincial governors. On
the whole, by the mid - XIth century, the fortress did not show signs of a great
activity, but it was functioning. After the mid - XIth century, reaching its peak
some time around the third quarter of the century, the number of seals increases.
Eighty-three out of the total 134 specimens can be dated to this period. This
indicates a new function of the settlement connected with an increase in
activity, which continued over the turn of the century (5 seals from this period)
and through the XIIth century (mostly its second half:13 specimens). This is a
sizeable number for the XIIth century, when compared with the number of the
finds from the other settlements in Bulgaria during this period.
What was the reason for this sharp increase of seals around the third
quarter of the XIth century? Given the overall picture in modern Bulgaria,
the answer is easy to find. This was precisely the period when the Byzantine
administration of Paradunavon collapsed. The Pechenegs became the
masters of northern Bulgaria. The Byzantine garrisons of northern Bulgaria
moved to southern Bulgaria. This is the precise period when an increase
in the quantity of the seals is observed in Pernik, Dobri Dol, Blesna, Zlati
Voivoda, Pomorie, etc. The military presence must have been reinforced in
the fortress as well and the incoming correspondence of most of the private
persons must have been addressed to the local garrison.
Another necessary analysis is the differentiation between the clerical
seals and those of laypersons:
58
65. Basil, rector (IX c.)

6. Basil, kouboukleisios and kathegoumenos (X - XI c.)
48. Stephanos, kouboukleisios (X - XI c.)
15. Seal of metropolitan of Adrianople? (XI c.)
16. Seal of metropolitan of Adrianople? (XI c.)
26. Theoktistos, monk (XI c.)
56. N.(XI c.)
69. Constantine, bishop of Develtos (XI c.)
120. N., protos of Papikion (XI c.)
121. N., priest and higoumenos of … (XI c.)
122. N., poimen (XI c.)
106-107. Theodore, archbishop of Anchialos (XI c., second half)
111. Xene, nun protovestiarissa (XI c., second half)
14. Gregory or Pantherios?, metropolitan of Adrianople (XI c.)
30. John o tou Alexiotes, priest? (XI c.)
70. Constantine, proedros of Russia (1156-1159)
91. Leo Italiotes?, thytes (metropolitan) of the Thessalians (XІІ c., second half)
127 - 127a. Eustathios, metropolitan of Adrianople? (XIΙ c., second half)
About 20 of the 134 seals belonged to clerics: the metropolitan of
Adrianople – 4 or 5 specimens; the archbishop of Anchialos – 2 specimens,
the bishop of Develtos – 1 specimen; the metropolitan of Thessalonike
and Russia; protoi, hegoumenoi, etc.
Who could be the recipient(s) of this correspondence? Although it
is not impossible for these clerics to have written to laypersons (civil
and military) living in the fortress, the diversity of the senders makes
this conspicuous: metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, etc. It should be
assumed that an ecclesiastical institution existed in the fortress with which
the high-ranking clerics maintained a correspondence.
What kind of ecclesiastical institution could that be? The possible
answers are the following; either a bishopric or a monastery. Bishoprics
subordinate to the metropolitan of Adrianople are known from the
surviving notitiae. Two or three of them are not precisely localized. At the
present stage of research we will refrain from attempts at localization, but
the fortress is a possible candidate. Another possibility is the existence of
a monastery in the fortress, to whose hegoumenos the mentioned prelates
send their letters. A third rather prosaic hypothesis is to imagine, in this
area, a country residence for the metropolitan of Adrianople, where he
received his correspondence.
59
Sophie Métivier
SCEAUX DES MUSEES DE KAYSERI ET DE NIĞDE

(CAPPADOCE BYZANTINE)
Je présente ici les dix-neuf sceaux (ou tessère) que j’ai examinés et
photographiés dans les musées de Kayseri et de Niğde en septembre 2004.
Je prie Monsieur Hamdi Biçer, directeur du musée de Kayseri, et Monsieur
Fazıl Açıkgöz, directeur du musée de Niğde, de trouver ici l’expression de
mes remerciements. La moderne Kayseri recouvre l’ancienne métropole
de Cappadoce Première, Césarée, tandis que Niğde est peut-être attestée
dès la fin du viiie siècle dans les sources arabes sous le nom de Māğida à
15 km au nord de la métropole de la Cappadoce Seconde, Tyane.1
I. Sceaux du musée de Kayseri

Le musée de Kayseri abrite trois sceaux et une tessère. N’ayant pas eu
accès aux registres d’inventaire des fouilles, je ne suis pas sûre d’avoir vu
la totalité des sceaux du musée de Kayseri. Ceux que j’ai repérés étaient
inventoriés par erreur avec les monnaies. Ces quatre pièces datent du
xie siècle, l’une au moins se rapporte à la Césarée byzantine.
1. Aarôn, protospathaire, épi tou chrysotriklinou…

Inv. : 71/102-11.
Dia. : 2,6 - 2,8. Sceau légèrement rogné. Frappe un peu décentrée. Lettres écrasées.
Inédit.
Au droit, dans un cercle de perles, buste de saint militaire avec une barbe
longue, en costume militaire, avec lance et bouclier bordé d’un cercle de grosses
perles. Dans le champ, inscription en colonne à gauche et à droite de l’effigie:
9q|YE|O|D|V...
Ὁ ἅ(gio") Qeovdwªro"º
Au revers, inscription sur six lignes précédée d’une croix cantonnée de
perles et accostée de tirets ; cercle de perles.
1 Fr. Hild et M. Restle, Kappadokien (Kappadokia, Charsianon, Sebasteia

und Lykandos) (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-
Historiche Klasse, Denkschriften, 149. TIB, 2) (Vienne, 1981), s.v. Nakīdā, 243-
244. Māğida, localisée par al-Mas ' ūdī à 20 km de Loulon dans la région des
maṭāmir, est mentionnée pour la première fois par al-Ṭabarī à l’occasion de sa
prise par Hārūn al-Rashīd en 782.
61
Sophie Métivier
-(-AARVN|5ASPAY2E|PITWrX2TR2|!!!T!!! |T2T!!!!|!!!
Ἀarw;n (prwto)spaq(avrio") ejpi; toυ' cr(uso)tr(iklivnou)...
Plusieurs sceaux de Aarôn avec buste de saint Théodore, contemporains

de celui-ci, sont connus. Ils sont attribués au prince bulgare, beau-frère
d’Isaac, le premier empereur de la dynastie des Comnènes. Contrairement
au présent sceau, ils présentent tous le formulaire Kuvrie bohvqv ei : SBS 8
(2003), 161, 195 ; SBS 6 (1999), 103 ; SBS 5 (1998), 109, 144, 197. V. Šan-
drovskaja a édité plusieurs sceaux ayant appartenu à cet officier.2
Datation : second quart du xie siècle.
2. Basile Pédiaditès
Inv. : 76/78.
Dia. : 22,3 - 23,5. Sceau échancré aux deux extrémités du canal, légèrement rogné
et oxydé.
Inédit.
Au droit, saint en buste, de face, aux cheveux courts et avec chlamyde. Dans
le champ, inscription en colonne, dont quelques lettres sont lisibles à droite :
9K|O|0PI|
ªὉ ἅgio" Proºkovpiªo"º
Il s’agit probablement de saint Procope étant donné le type iconographique
du saint.3
Au revers, inscription sur cinq lignes, précédée, à la première ligne,
d’une croisette: +6K6Eb20Y2|TVSVDW2|bAS2LEI|!PED29D2|TH
K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) tῳ̃ sῳ̃ douv(lῳ) Bas(i)leiv(w/)ªt(ῳ̃)ºPed(ia)d(iv)th/.
2 V. Šandrovskaja, « Neizvestnye pečati Aarona, magisra i duki Iverii i

Velikoj Armenii i proedra i duki XI v (sceaux inconnus de Aaron, magistre et
duc d’Ibérie et de Grande Arménie et du même, proèdre et duc), » Soobščenija
Gosudarstvennogo Ermitaža 37 (1973) 60-64.
3 Voir, par exemple, Laurent, Corpus V/1, n° 211.
62
Datation : première moitié du xie siècle. Cette datation écarte toute

identification avec le lettré Basile Pédiaditès, diacre, maître des rhéteurs et
métropolite de Corfou, aux xiie - xiiie siècles.4 En revanche un homonyme
et contemporain est connu comme catépan de Sicile en 1040 - 1041 grâce à
Kékauménos et Skylitzès ainsi que comme catépan d’Antioche, probablement
entre 1037 et 1040, grâce à un sceau de la collection Zacos de la Bibliothèque
nationale de France édité par Jean - Claude Cheynet.5 Faut-il identifier le Basile
Pédiaditès du sceau de Kayseri avec le catépan de Sicile et d’Antioche ? Au
droit du sceau de ce dernier, on a un buste de saint Michel, ayant en main
un globe et un sceptre, vêtu d’un loros, désigné par son nom dans le champ.
L’effigie est accompagnée de l’inscription circulaire : K(uvri)e bohvqv ei tw/' sw/'
d(ouvlῳ). Les lettres encore visibles de la légende et l’iconographie du sceau
de Kayseri excluent qu’il s’agisse de saint Michel.
3. Eugénios, métropolite de Césarée (?)

Inv. : 77/573.
Dia. : 23,3/25. Sceau échancré aux extrémités du canal et rogné sur la gauche,
entaillé au revers. Lettres écrasées.
Inédit.
Au droit, saint évêque en buste de face, bénissant de sa main droite,
Livre dans la main gauche. Inscription en colonne de part et d’autre de
l’effigie : à gauche, plusieurs lettres ; à droite, L|EI|OS.
ªὉ ἅgio" Basivºleio".
Au revers, inscription métrique sur huit lignes, précédée d’une croisette
au début de la première ligne.
+SON|SvzEDwL|EUGENION|PANMMAKAR|TONSOUP9RO9E|
DR9EONTA|PIS9T0wPOI|M9N9IO9U
So;n sw'ze doυ'l(on) Eujgevnion panmmavkar to;n soυ̃ proedreªuvºonta
pistoυ' poimnivou.
Datation : seconde moitié du xie siècle.
4 R. Browning, « The Patriarchal School at Constantinople, » Byz. 33 (1963) 20-22.

5 Voir J. - C. Cheynet, « Les ducs d’Antioche sous Michel IV et Constantin IX, »
Novum Millennium. Studies on Byzantine History and Culture dedicated to Paul
Speck, éd. C. Sode et S. Takacs (Aldershot, 2001), 54 - 55. Vente aux enchères
Spink 135, Londres, 6 octobre 1999, n°260, cité dans BZ 93 (2000) 397, par
W. Seibt : sceau dʼun Basile Pédiaditès, catépan dʼAntioche.
63
Sophie Métivier
L’invocation mentionne Eugénios, proèdre du troupeau du saint. S’agit-

il du métropolite de Césarée, successeur de saint Basile, ou de l’higoumène
d’un monastère Saint-Basile6 ? On connaît un exemple sigillographique
qui associe l’image de saint Basile à un évêque de Césarée qui ne soit
pas homonyme. La collection de Dumbarton Oaks conserve le sceau
de Stylianos, archevêque de Césarée et syncelle, attesté en 1049, qui
comporte au droit l’effigie de saint Basile en buste.7 Le décret synodal
sur la nomination aux évêchés du 9 novembre 1071 mentionne parmi
les évêques présents le prôtothronos Eugénios de Césarée, qui n’est pas
autrement connu.8 Ce sceau de Kayseri lui a vraisemblablement appartenu.
Pour le xie siècle on ne connaît nommément que trois titulaires de l’évêché
de Césarée, Léon en 997, Stylianos en 1049 et ce dernier Eugénios.9
4. Tessère de Tornikios proèdre

Inv. : 77/491.
Dia. : manquant. Sceau légèrement échancré et rogné. Lettres écrasées.
Éd. des parallèles : W. Seibt, Sammlung Köhler-Osbahr, t. V, 4, Byzantinische
Münzen und ihr Umfeld. Bleisiegel und -plomben sowie Gewichte aus dem
östlichen Mittelmeerraum (Duisburg, 2001), n° 47 (copie). SBS 8 (2003), 219
(Gorny, Vente 89, 5 mai 1998, 570). Jean-Claude Cheynet me signale trois sceaux
similaires inédits : Zacos (BnF) 1032, 1033, 1034.
Au droit, deux saints en pied, de profil, se tenant embrassés. Inscriptions
en colonne à gauche et à droite : à gauche, q 9 |TR!! ; à droite, q
9 |9PE 9 |9PA|U.
Ὁ ἅ(gio") Pevtrªoıº
Ὁ ἅ(gio") Paυ̃ªloıº
Au revers, inscription sur sept lignes, légende métrique de 12 syllabes :
APO9S9T!|LvNSKE9P9O!!|M9EDUASA88G!!|T9O8RNIKION9P!!|EDRON
EKP!|9S9H9S9BL9A!|9H9S
6 La forme verbale proedreuvw est employée pour désigner Euthyme comme

évêque de Sardes dans Skylitzès, Michel II, section 4, l. 16, pour mentionner
le patriarche de Constantinople dans Jean Zonaras, Epitomae historiarum,
éd. M. Pinder (Bonn, 1897) (CSHB), t. 3, 261, l. 7. Si je ne connais pas de parallèle
à cet emploi sur les sceaux, le substantif provedro" est bien attesté : voir Laurent,
Corpus, V/1, p. xxxi.
7 DOSeals 4.41.2. Je ne connais pas dʼautres exemples de sceaux dʼévêques de
Césarée de Cappadoce avec lʼeffigie de saint Basile. Les autres sceaux dʼévêques
de Césarée, mentionnés dans V. Laurent, Corpus V/1 et V/3 et dans DOSeals vol.
4, sont antérieurs au milieu du xe siècle.
8 Regestes, n 900, 23-24. Le décret est édité dans S. B. Kougéas, « Gravmma
o
tou' aujtokravtoro" tou' Buzantivou ÔRwmanou' Diogevnou, » Eij" mnhvmhn Spurivdwno"

Lavmprou, (Athènes, 1935), 574-575.
9 Voir G. Fedalto, Hierarchia Ecclesiastica Orientalis (Padoue, 1988), I, 22,
qui omet Stylianos.
64
Ἀpostªovºlwn skevpoªi"º me dua;" aJgªivaº Tornivkion pªrovºedron

ejk pªavºsh" blavªbºh".
Datation proposée : seconde moitié du xie siècle.
II. Sceaux du musée de Niğde

Les quinze sceaux conservés au musée de Niğde, dont on ignore les
conditions de découverte, sont antérieurs au ixe siècle, à une exception
près. Il s’agit de deux sceaux à monogrammes compacts, de deux à
monogrammes cruciformes, de trois à inscriptions bilatérales et pour le
reste de sceaux à monogrammes invocatifs. Quatre dignités différentes sont
mentionnées : deux apo éparchôn, deux apo hypatôn, deux stratélates, un
patrice. Deux fonctions sont indiquées, celles d’évêque et de commerciaire.
Dignités et fonctions sont données séparément l’une de l’autre.
1. Jean, apo hypatôn

Inv. : 1.46.98.
Dia. : 24,5. Sceau échancré aux deux extrémités au droit, légèrement rogné. Lettres
bien frappées.
Inédit.
Au droit, inscription sur quatre lignes, précédée d’une croisette ; cercle
de feuilles. Ligature des deux N.
+IV|∂~NOu|∂POuP∂|TVN
jIwavnnou ajpo; uJpavtwn
Au revers, inscription sur quatre lignes, peut-être précédée d’une croisette :
9+dOu|LOu9THS|YEOTO|KOu
douvlou th`" Qeotovkou.
Datation : vie/viie siècle.
65
Sophie Métivier
2. Marinos
Inv. : 1.50.98.
Dia. : 17,7. Sceau échancré aux deux extrémités. Lettres bien gravées.
Inédit.
Au droit, monogramme compact avec a, M et N dans le carré, W au
sommet à gauche, R en haut à droite ; une étoile à gauche, sans doute une
autre à droite. Plusieurs solutions sont possibles : Marivnou, Marianoυ̃.
Compte tenu du revers, la première, Marivnou, doit être retenue.
Au revers, inscription sur deux lignes ; cercle de feuilles.
M∂R|INW
Marivnou.
Datation : vie siècle/viie siècle.
3. Sisinnios, apo éparchôn

Inv. : 1.48.98.
Dia. : 18,6. Sceau échancré aux deux extrémités du canal et légèrement rogné.
Lettres bien frappées.
Parallèles : Trois exemplaires à Berlin.
Éd. : Sode, Bleisiegel, nos 189, 190 et 191 ; SBS 3 (1993), 200.
Au droit, monogramme compact avec S et N dans le carré, W en haut à
droite ; cercle de feuilles.
Sisinnivou
Au revers, monogramme compact avec a, N, P et X dans le carré, V accroché
à la partie inférieure de la haste gauche, R et e à droite ; cercle de feuilles.
ajpo; ejpavrcwn.
Datation : vie siècle/viie siècle.
4. Théodore
Inv. : 2001.28.
Dia. : 23,1. Sceau échancré aux deux extrémités du canal (particulièrement à
l’extrémité inférieure), légèrement rogné et bien frappé.
Inédit.
66
Au droit, monogramme invocatif (peut-être type Zacos et Veglery

XXVIII) ; cercle de feuilles.
Qeotovke bohvqei
Au revers, monogramme cruciforme avec Y à gauche, ´ à droite, R et U au
sommet, V et D à la base ; cercle de feuilles.
YEODVRW
Qeodwvrou.
Datation : vie/viie siècle.
5. Constantin…
Inv. : 4.1.000.
Dia. : 20,74. Sceau légèrement échancré aux deux extrémités. Gravure grossière.
Parallèle : Zacos (BnF) 2970.10
Inédit.
Au droit, monogramme invocatif (type Zacos et Veglery XXV) ; dans
les cantons, une étoile ; cercle de feuilles.
Qeotovke bohvqei
Au revers, inscription sur trois ou quatre lignes ; peut-être une étoile ;
cercle de feuilles.
KVN|stan|tinou|S9TR
Kwnstantivnou str(athlavtou).
Datation : viie siècle.
10 Jean - Claude Cheynet mʼa signalé ce sceau dont le revers se transcrit ainsi :

.Vn|.tan|tinou|STR2.
67
Sophie Métivier
6. Georges
Inv. : 1.53.98.
Dia. : 22,7. Sceau échancré et rogné.
Inédit.
Au droit, monogramme invocatif (type Zacos et Veglery XLVI) ; cercle
de feuilles.
Qeotovke bohvqei
Au revers, monogramme cruciforme avec e à droite, R au centre, W au
sommet, probablement V à la base ; cercle de feuilles ; frappe décentrée.
GEVRGIW
Gewrgivou.
7. Georges, apo hypatôn

Inv. : 2.6.000.
Dia. : 21,06/ 22,26. Sceau échancré au droit aux extrémités du canal et rogné dans
la partie droite. Rotation verticale.
Inédit.
Au droit, monogramme cruciforme avec G à gauche, e à droite, R au
centre, W au sommet (la partie supérieure étant illisible), V à la base ;
cercle de feuilles.
G´VRGIW
Gewrgivou
Au revers, inscription sur trois lignes ; cercle de feuilles.
APO|UPA|TVN
ajpo; uJpavtwn.
Datation : viie siècle. Voir SBS 8 (2003), 237 (Münz, vente 94, 13-15
mai 1998, n° 917) : la pièce, datée de 610/650, est décrite en des termes
similaires.
68
8. Paul, commerciaire
Inv. : 1.52.98.
Dia. : 20,9. Sceau rogné et un peu écrasé. Frappe décentrée vers la partie supérieure.
Parallèle : Musée de Chypre 219.
Éd. : Metcalf, Cyprus, no 219 (pièce dont l’authenticité est considérée comme
douteuse).
Au droit, inscription sur deux lignes, précédée d’une croisette :
+P9A|9ULO9U
Pauvlou
Au revers, inscription sur deux ou trois lignes, cercle de feuilles ; frappe
décentrée :
.....RKIa|9RIOU
ªkommeºrkiarivou.
9. Phôtinos, stratélate
Inv. : 4.2.000.
Dia. : 20,7. Sceau légèrement échancré aux deux extrémités.
Inédit.
Au droit, monogramme cruciforme avec F à gauche, N à droite, T et W au
sommet, V à la base ; cercle de feuilles :
FVTINW
Fwtinoυ̃
Au revers, inscription sur trois lignes ; croix dans le champ en haut ;
cercle de feuilles :
+|STR∂|THLA|TOU
+ strathlavtou.
69
Sophie Métivier
10. N…
Inv. : 1.47.98.
Dia. : 26,8. Sceau cassé aux deux extrémités du canal et rogné.
Inédit.
Au droit, monogramme invocatif (proche du type Zacos et Veglery
XXXVI, auquel il faut ajouter un H sur la barre horizontale droite avant
le E) ; cercle de feuilles.
Qeotovke bohvqei
Au revers, monogramme cruciforme avec, de manière assurée, P et N à
gauche, X à droite, V et L ou a à la base, W au sommet, et, peut-être, G au
centre ; cercle de feuilles.
11. N., apo éparchôn

Inv. : 1.51.98.
Dia. : 19,89. Sceau échancré au droit aux deux extrémités du canal et rogné,
particulièrement sur la gauche (au droit).
Inédit.
Au droit, monogramme invocatif avec Y à gauche, I et e à droite, K en
haut en position intermédiaire, auquel il faut ajouter Tet O, B à la base :
Qeotovke bohvqei
Au revers, inscription sur trois ou quatre lignes :
.aP9O|.PaRX|9VN
ajpo; ªejºpavrcwn.
70
12. Georges, stratélate
Inv. : 1.49.98.
Dia. : 27,66. Sceau échancré aux deux extrémités du canal. Revers corrodé.
Inédit.
Au droit, monogramme invocatif (type Zacos et Veglery XXXV) ;
cercle de feuilles :
Qeotovke bohvqei
Au revers, inscription sur quatre lignes ; cercle de feuilles :
8G..8R|GIV.T|....L|.TH
Gªewºrgivw/ ªsºtªrathºlªavºth/
Datation : fin viie siècle/début viiie siècle.
13. Jean, évêque de Faustinoupolis

Inv. : 91.98.
Dia. : 25,44. Sceau bien centré, mais légèrement pressé sur les deux faces.
Inédit.
Au droit, inscription sur quatre lignes, précédée d’une croisette ; cercle
de feuilles :
+IV|∂9~~OU|EPIS|KO9P
jIwavnnou ejpiskovp(ou)
Au revers, inscription sur quatre lignes ; cercle de feuilles :
F∂Ë|ST8INW|POLE|VS
Faustinoupovlew".
Datation : 650-750. L’évêché de Faustinoupolis est un évêché de la

province de Cappadoce Seconde, suffragant de la métropole de Tyane.
Bien qu’il soit attesté dans les Notices épiscopales (1-4, 7, 9, 10, 13, soit
71
Sophie Métivier
toutes les listes développées),11 seuls trois de ses titulaires sont connus,
Daniel au concile d’Éphèse (431), Patrophilos au concile de Chalcédoine
(451), Jean au concile de Constantinople III (680 - 681) et au concile in
Trullo (691 - 692). Le propriétaire homonyme du sceau est identifiable
à ce dernier. L’agglomération de Faustinoupolis est située à mi-chemin
entre Podandos et Tyane, sur l’une des routes qui conduisent des Pyles
ciliciennes au sud de la Cappadoce, depuis Tarse ou Adana, jusqu’à
Césarée, Ancyre ou Ikonion.12 Exposée aux expéditions arabo-musulmanes,
elle aurait été à une date précoce abandonnée au profit des sites défensifs
voisins, notamment celui de Loulon. En l’absence de témoignages textuels
Friedrich Hild et Marcell Restle ne précisent pas la date de la désaffection
du site.13 Les expéditions arabes contre la Cappadoce sont mentionnées dès
le milieu du viie siècle.14 Cités et places fortes de Cappadoce méridionale,
au sortir des Pyles ciliciennes, sont signalées nommément à partir du début
du viiie siècle.15 La région au nord des Pyles ciliciennes commença en
effet à être systématiquement attaquée une fois que les Arabes réussirent à
s’établir durablement en Cilicie. Ce fut après l’installation de ces derniers
à Mopsueste, où ils construisirent une mosquée et un grenier en 703,
que Tyane fut prise par les Arabes en 707 - 708, puis abandonnée par ses
habitants.16 La région de Tyane fut de nouveau attaquée avec succès par les
Arabes en 739/740.17 Alors que les évêques du ressort de la métropole de
Tyane, dans la Cappadoce la plus méridionale, participèrent aux conciles
de la fin du viie siècle,18 à l’exception de celui de Kybistra, un siècle plus
11 Darrouzès, Notitiae, « Notitia 1, » no 225, p. 209, « Notitia 2, » no 282, p. 223,

« Notitia 3, » no 311, p. 237, « Notitia 4, » no 238, p. 255, « Notitia 7, » no 290,
p. 278, « Notitia 9, » no 176, p. 299, « Notitia 10, » no 209, p. 316, « Notitia 13, »
no 215, p. 357.
12 Fr. Hild, Das byzantinische Strassensystem in Kappadokien (Vienne, 1977), 55.
13 Fr. Hild et M. Restle, Kappadokien (cité n. 1), 258-259.
14 R.-J. Lilie, Die Byzantinische Reaktion auf die Ausbreitung der Araber
(Munich, 1976), 61, 68. Sur l’implantation des Arabes en Cilicie et leurs
expéditions au nord du Taurus, voir S. Métivier, « L’organisation de la frontière
arabo-byzantine en Cappadoce (viiie-ixe siècle), » Puer Apuliae. Mélanges offerts
à Jean-Marie Martin, éd. E. Cuozzo, V. Déroche, A. Peters-Custot et V. Prigent
(Paris, 2008) (Centre de recherche d’histoire et civilisation de Byzance,
Monographies, 30), II, 433-454.
15 Lilie, Die Byzantinische Reaktion (cité n. 12), 114-122.
16 Théophane, Chronographia, AM 6201, éd. C. de Boor (Leipzig, 1883), I,
376-377.
17 Ibidem, AM 6231, I, 411.
18 Il sʼagit, au concile de 680-681, des évêques de Tyane et de Faustinoupolis
(absences des évêques de Kybistra et de Sasima), en 692, des évêques de Tyane,
de Faustinoupolis et de Sasima ; à cette dernière date nʼest absent que lʼévêque
de Kybistra. Voir E. Ohme, Das Concilium Quinisextum und seine Bischofsliste.
Studien zum Konstantinopeler Konzil von 692 (Berlin, 1990), 259.
72
tard n’assista au concile de Nicée II que celui de Sasima, au nord de Tyane.

Le métropolite de Tyane y fut représenté, les évêques de Faustinoupolis et
de Kybistra en furent absents.19 La conservation du sceau de Jean évêque de
Faustinoupolis dans la région même de Faustinoupolis atteste la résidence
de l’évêque Jean dans son évêché. Puisqu’on ne connaît pas d’exemples de
sceaux frappés par des évêques sous juridiction arabe, on peut en déduire
qu’à une date mal assurée l’évêché était effectivement pourvu et occupé,
dans le ressort de l’Empire. Alors qu’au concile In Trullo les évêques
déplorèrent l’abandon de leur église par les clercs et l’impossibilité pour
certains de leurs collègues de gagner leur siège, en raison des expéditions
des barbares (canons 18 et 37),20 on constate que la hiérarchie épiscopale
était encore présente en Cappadoce méridionale à la fin du viie siècle,
voire au début du viiie siècle.
14. Georges, patrice
Inv. : 8.1.83.
Dia. : 23,9. Sceau légèrement échancré aux extrémités du canal et rogné dans la
partie supérieure.
Inédit.
Au droit, monogramme invocatif (type Zacos et Veglery XLIV) inscrit
dans les quatre cantons au datif.
Qeotovke bohvqei tω̃/ douvlw/ sou
Au revers, monogramme cruciforme inscrit dans les quatre cantons,
avec E à gauche, R à droite, V à la base. Dans les quatre cantons,
0PA|9T8R|IK|IV.
Gewrgivw/ patrikivw/.
Datation : première moitié du viiie siècle.
19 E. Lamberz, Die Bischofslisten des VII. Ökumenischen Konzils (Nicaenum II),

(Munich, 2004), 43, 65. Le métropolite de Tyane est représenté par Nicolas
higoumène du monastère dʼApros. Il est mentionné sur toutes les listes sauf sur F,
considérée par E. Lamberz comme la plus fiable.
20 Discipline générale antique (ii -ix s.), t. I, 1 : Les canons des conciles
e e
œcuméniques, éd. et tr. fr. P.‑P. Joannou, Grottaferrata (Rome, 1962) (Pontificia

commissione per la redazione del codice di diritto canonico orientale. Fonti IX),
149-150, 171-172.
73
Sophie Métivier
15. Jean Comnène Maurozômès

Inv. : 1.54.98.
Dia. : 34,8. Sceau cassé à gauche du champ et percé.
Inédit.
Au droit, saint de face, en pied, barbu, un cartel dans la main droite.
Inscription verticale à droite : PR|9D|M|O|#, ªὉ ἅgio" jIwavnnh"º oJ Pr(ov)
d(ro)mo". Dans le cartel, ID|EO|A : Ἴde oJ aj(mno;" toυ̃ qeoυ̃ oJ ai[rwn
th;n aJmartivan toυ̃ kovsmou). Jn 1, 29.
Au revers, inscription sur cinq lignes. Ligature à la ligne 4 du uet du R;
ligature à la ligne 5 du Tet du R :
9O9M!NUmO9N|8SK9´POISmSTW!!|THSLuXN´KOm!!|NOFu9Hmåu
RO¶O|mHNPåTROYEN
Ὁmonuvmon skevpoi" me toυ' (sic) ªfutºãlÃh'" luvcne komnhnofuh'
Maurozovmhn patrovqen.
Je propose une autre lecture de la deuxième ligne que celle qui a été
faite dans les SBS 8 : skevpoi" me toυ̃ (sic) futãlÃh'", plutôt que skevpoi"
mavrtu" futãlÃh'".
Datation : xiiie siècle. Le détenteur du sceau est identifiable avec le

Jean Comnène Maurozômès mentionné dans une épitaphe grecque de
1297 conservée au musée archéologique de Konya. Il peut s’agir du fils
de Manuel Maurozômès, connu, au début du 13e siècle, comme dignitaire
du règne d’Alexis III et beau-père du sultan Kaykhusraw Ier. Pour un
commentaire plus détaillé sur Jean Comnène Maurozômès et sa famille,
cf. mon article « Les Maurozômai, Byzance et le sultanat de Rūm. Note
sur le sceau de Jean Comnène Maurozômès », REB 67 (2009), 197-207.
Le principal intérêt de cet ensemble sigillographique réside dans

la conservation des sceaux dans les musées de Cappadoce. Une fois
contextualisés, leur signification historique est précisée. Ils confirment
par ailleurs le caractère local des sceaux, cʼest du moins ce que prouvent
le sceau du métropolite Eugénios de Césarée ainsi que celui de lʼévêque
Jean de Faustinoupolis. On remarque enfin lʼabsence dʼanthroponymie
proprement cappadocienne.
74
Christos Stavrakos
DIE BYZANTINISCHEN BLEISIEGEL DER SAMMLUNG

KONSTANTINOS KALANTZIS IN AGRINION (GRIECHENLAND)
Es gibt bislang nur wenige Privatsammlungen in Griechenland, in

denen man byzantinische Bleisiegel finden kann, und nur ein kleiner
Teil dieser Sammlungen wurde durch wissenschaftliche Publikationen
erschlossen und bekannt gemacht. So erwähnte etwa K. Konstantopoulos
in der ersten Ausgabe der Sammlung des Numismatischen Museums
Athen die Siegelsammlung des in Konstantinopel ansässigen Arztes K.
Makrides und publizierte sie mitsamt den anderen Stücken.1 Aus den
letzten Jahren verdanken wir Ioanna Makre die Veröffentlichung zweier
weiterer Privatsammlungen, einerseits die von Orphanides-Nikolaïdes,2
die das Numismatische Museum Athen im Jahr 1925 den aus Smyrna
stammenden Flüchtlingen I. Orphanides, S. Chatzisavvas-Nikolaïdes
und Tsimlektsoglou abkaufte,3 und andererseits die von D. Doukas.4
Darüber hinaus gibt es vereinzelte Editionen auch anderer byzantinischen
Bleisiegel aus Privatsammlungen Griechenlands,5 und im Jahre 2009
erscheint der erste Teil der Sammlung Savvas Kophopoulos.6
Konstantinos Kalantzis, Gymnasialleher in Agrinion, erwarb während
seiner Studienzeit in Bulgarien eine kleine Münz- und Siegelsammlung.
Die byzantinischen Bleisiegel dieser Sammlung, deren Publikation mir
Herr Kalantzis freundlicherweise überließ, möchte ich hier vorlegen –
ohne dabei zu verbergen, dass Herr Kalantzis stets darum bemüht ist,
seine Sammlung durch den Erwerb weiterer Siegel zu vergrößern:
1 Konstantopoulos, S. z‹; Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, 30-31.

2 Koltstida - Makre, Molubdovboulla.
3 Koltstida - Makre, Molubdovboulla, 21.
4 Dies., “H sulloghv molubdobouvllwn Dhmhtrivou Douvka,” Hypermachos,
Festschrift für Werner Seibt zum 65. Geburtstag, hrsg. von Ch. Stavrakos /
A. - K. Wassiliou / M. K. Krikorian (Wiesbaden, 2008), 138-152 (mit 54 Fotos).
5 Y. Nikolaou, “Duvo molubdovboulla thς sulloghς Hliva Kantav. Two Lead
Seals in the Elias Kantas Collection,” Nomismatika Chronika 23 (2004) 55-58;
Ch. Stavrakos, “Ein unpubliziertes byzantinisches Siegel aus der Sammlung
Savvas Kophopoulos: Einige Bemerkungen zur Sicherung mit Blei,” Siegel und
Siegler, hrsg. von Cl. Ludwig, (Frankfurt am Main, 2004), 163-174.
6 Ch. Stavrakos, Die byzantinischen Bleisiegel der Sammlung Savvas
Kophopoulos. Eine Siegelsammlung auf der Insel Lesbos (2009, im Druck).
75
Christos Stavrakos
1. Kaiser Justinian I.
527-565.
Durchmesser 19 mm.
Von diesem Typus existieren mehrere Siegel. Es ist allerdings nicht sicher, ob
auch nur einzelne davon stempelidentisch sind.
Ed. Zacos-Veglery, Nr. 3a; 3b; Seibt, Bleisiegel, Nr. 6 (mit bibliographischen
Angaben der älteren Literatur); neuerdings I. V. Sokolova, Pečati vizantinijskih
imperatorov. Katalog kollekci, (Sankt Peterburg, 2007), Nr. 7 (mit bibliographischen
Angaben zu weiteren Editionen dieses Typus’), 8-14; DOSeals 6,4.
Auf dem teilweise beschädigten Stück ist der Kopf des Kaisers
Justinian zu sehen. Den Helm, das Diadem mit dem Trifolium auf dem
Kopf und das gelocktes Haar an der Stirn des Kaisers kann man deutlich
erkennen. Die Pendilien bestehen jeweils aus zwei Perlschnüren. Wie
die kaiserliche Büste bekleidet war, lässt sich unserem Stück nicht mehr
eindeutig entnehmen. Allerdings können wir aufgrund der anderen,
ähnlichen Siegeltypen das Paludament erwarten, das mit einer Fibel
zusammengehalten war. Die Umschrift, die am linken Teil zur Gänze
abgebrochen ist, lautet: ….. // ANUS9R9R..
Es handelt sich um die für jene Zeit übliche Legende:
[D(ominus) n(oster) Iustini]anus p(er)p[(etuus) Au(gustus)]
Rv
Auf der Reversseite befindet sich die Darstellung einer geflügelten Nike
als Standfigur. In ihren Händen hält sie jeweils einen Siegeskranz, von
denen zwei Bänder herabhängen. Die Kreuze im Siegelfeld unterhalb der
Kränze, die auf den anderen, ähnlichen Kaisersiegeln abgebildet sind, kann
man auf unserem Stück nicht mehr deutlich sehen; rechts sind nur Spuren
von einem kleinen lateinischen Kreuz erhalten. Es gibt keine Beischrift.
K
Es handelt sich um einen Siegeltypus, den Kaiser Justinian I. ausstellen
ließ und der bereits aus älteren Siegeleditionen bekannt ist. Eine genauere
Datierung sowohl von diesem als auch von einem weiteren Siegeltypus, die
beide Kaiser Justinian zuzuweisen sind,7 ist nicht möglich. W. Seibt führte
7 Vgl. Seibt, Bleisiegel, Nr. 7 (dazu auch 59 insbesondere Anm. 10).

76
DIE BYZANTINISCHEN BLEISIEGEL DER SAMMLUNG KONSTANTINOS KALANTZIS
in diesem Zusammenhang zu Recht an, dass Kaiser Justinian während

seiner gesamten Regierungszeit zwei unterschiedliche Siegeltypen
verwendete, einen ikonographischen sowie einen monogrammatischen.
2. Anonymes Kaisersiegel
Ca. Mitte 4. bis Beginn des 5. Jh.
Durchmesser 18mm.
Keine Parallelstücke bekannt.
Unediert.
Av
Darstellung dreier sitzender Kaiserfiguren. Alle drei sind prunkvoll
gekleidet und tragen ein langes Gewand. In der linken Hand halten sie
jeweils einen Globus, in der rechten jeweils das Knotenszepter. Alle drei
tragen einen Nimbus um ihren Kopf. Die mittlere Figur, die die größte von
allen ist, zeigt, wie auch die linke, zweitgrößte Figur, einen Mann. Von
der kleinsten, rechten Figur, die ein deutlich schmaleres Gesicht aufweist,
lässt sich nicht mit Sicherheit sagen, ob es sich um einen jüngerer Mann
oder eine Frau handelt. Da jede Spur einer Beischrift fehlt, bleibt eine
Identifizierung dieser drei Gestalten immer hypothetisch.
Obwohl es sich um ein recht frühes Siegel handelt, besaß der Hersteller
des Boulloterions ohne Zweifel hohe künstlerische Fähigkeiten. Dieses
Siegel ist im Gebiet der Sigillographie für die Zeit von der Mitte des 4. bis
zur Mitte des 5. Jhs. durchaus eine Besonderheit, da wir aus jener Epoche
ansonsten nur eher schlichte und sehr einfache Darstellungen kennen.
Leider gibt es keine entsprechenden Münzbilder, die zur Identifizierung
der abgebildeten Gestalten und somit zur Datierung dieses Stückes
beitragen könnten.8 Eine stilistisch ähnliche ikonographische Darstellung
findet man nur auf einem Solidus aus dem 6. Jh.9 Es handelt sich um
Kaiser Justin I., der zusammen mit seinem Neffen Justinian I. (1. April bis
1. August 527), beide als sitzende Figuren, dargestellt wurde. Hier halten
die Kaiser jeweils den Globus, aber kein Knotenszepter.
Für das hier vorgelegte Siegel können wir entweder auf die Kaiser
Valentinian I., Valens und Gratian oder auf Arkadios, Honorios und
Theodosios II. schließen. Im ersteren Fall würde die Bleibulle aus der Zeit
8 An dieser Stelle möchte ich Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Hahn (Wien) für seinen

freundlichen Hinweis danken.
9 Ph. Grierson, Byzantine Coinage (Washington D.C., 1999), 26 (Foto 48).
77
Christos Stavrakos
zwischen 367 (Gratian als Mitkaiser im Westen) und 375 (Tod des Kaisers
Valentinian I.) stammen.10 Im zweiten Fall ließe es sie sich in die Jahre 402
(Theodosios II. wird von seinem Vater Arkadios als Mitkaiser eingesetzt)
bis 408 (Tod des Kaisers Arkadios)11 datieren. Aus der Zeit zwischen
402 und 408 gibt es etliche Münztypen, wo auf der Vorderseite alle drei
erwähnten Kaiser abgebildet worden sind. Es handelt sich allerdings in
all diesen Fällen um stehende Figuren. Der Mitkaiser (Theodosios II.) ist
als kleinere Figur in der Mitte dargestellt worden, und alle halten Speer
und Schild,12 wobei auf einem anderen Münztypus aus dem Jahr 402 der
in der Mitte kleiner dargestellte Theodosios II. den Speer und den Globus
in seinen Händen trägt.13
Rv
Die Reversseite ist blank.
3. Αἰνείας (?)
7. Jh. – 8. Jh.
Durchmesser 23 mm.
Unediert.
Av
Abbildung einer stehenden Figur. Da das Siegel in keinem guten
Erhaltungszustand ist, kann man nicht mit Sicherheit sagen, ob es sich um
eine männliche oder eine weibliche Figur handelt. Wahrscheinlich trägt
sie ein kurzes Gewand.
Rv
Ein beschädigtes Monogramm, das vielleicht aus den folgenden Buch-
staben besteht: A, E, N, O, U. In diesem Fall wäre es Aijneivou zu lesen.
10 Vgl.: Ph. Grierson – M. Mays, Catalogue of Late Roman Coins in the Dum-

barton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection. From Arcadius and
Honorius the Accession of Anastasius (Washington D. C., 1992), 95 (im Folgenden:
Grierson – Mays, Catalogue).
11 Vgl.: Grierson – Mays, Catalogue, 274.
12 Grierson – Mays, Catalogue, Tafel 12, Nr. 308-312.
13 Grierson – Mays, Catalogue, Tafel 10, Nr. 254-256; 258-260; 263.
78
K
Aus dem 6. bis 7. Jh. stammt ein weiteres Siegel14 mit einem ähnlichen
Monogramm auf der Reversseite, das die Editoren als Leontivou gelesen
haben. Auf der Aversseite befindet sich die Büste eines Heiligen mit dem
Märtyrerkreuz in der rechten Hand, in dem die Bearbeiter aufgrund der
von ihnen vorgeschlagenen Lesung des Monogramms den hl. Leontios
erkannt haben wollen. Gleichwohl könnte man dieses Monogramm auch
als Aijneivou an Stelle von Leontivou lesen.
Einen weiteren Aijneiva" aus jener Zeit kennen wir nicht.
4. Κωνσταντῖνος Ταρωνίτης (oder Σαρωνίτης)

Ca. zweite Hälfte 10. bis Beginn des 11. Jhs.
Durchmesser 25 mm
Unediert.
Av
Patriarchenkreuz15 vielleicht auf drei Stufen, die nun beschädigt sind,
mit vegetabilen Ornamenten, die bis zum horizontalen Balken des Kreuzes
reichen. Die Umschrift lautet:
+KEbOH9YEITv.....
+K(uvri)e bohvqei tῷ ªsῷ douvlw/º.
Rv
.KvN|.9TANT|..ARON|.TH|^
[+]Kwn[s]tant(ivnw/) [t(ῷ) Tºaron[iv]th/ ^
Über die Zierelemente auf der ersten und sechsten Zeile der Reversseite
lassen sich keine konkreten Aussagen machen; es ist allerdings
wahrscheinlich, dass es sich um vier Punkte handelt, die mindestens auf
der ersten Zeile zwischen zwei anderen Punkten abgebildet waren.
Der Familienname des Siegelausstellers könnte auch Sarwnivth" sein.
Solange es keine Parallelstücke gibt, die die eine oder andere Lesung
bestätigen, sollte man beide Möglichkeiten offen lassen.
14 Auktion Peus Nachf. (29.-30.10.2003), Nr. 1258.

15 Vgl.: I. Koltsida - Makre, “The Representation of the Cross on Byzantine
Lead Seals,” SBS 4 (1995) 43-51.
79
Christos Stavrakos
Einen Kwnstanti'no" Tarwnivth" ohne Titel oder Amt liest Laurent auf
einem Siegel der Sammlung Shaw, das er in das 10. Jh. Datiert.16 Auf dem
Avers befindet sich ein Anrufungsmonogramm (Qeotovke bohvqei) mit einer
Umschrift aus den Psalmen: K(uvrio)" ejm(oi;) bohqov", k(ai; [LXX: kajgwv])
ejpovyomªaiº (Ps. 117, 7), auf dem Revers ein Kreuzmonogramm, das Laurent
als Kwn(stantivnou) Tarwnivtou liest; die Umschrift ist wiederum ein Zitat aus
den Psalmen K(uvrio)" ejmªoºi; bohqov", ouj fob(h)q(hv)sªomaiº (Ps. 117, 6).17
Etwas jünger (ca. Mitte des 11. Jhs.) als unser Siegel sind zwei
unpublizierte stempelidentische Bleisigel aus der Sammlung in Dum-
barton Oaks. Die Inschrift erstreckt sich über beide Siegelseiten und
lautet: K(uvri)e bohvqei tῷ sῷ douv(lw/) // Kwnstantivnw/ to Sarwnivth/.18
5. Νικόλαος γραφεὺς ἐκ τῆς Ἀβύδου

Ca. zweite Hälfte 11. bis Beginn 12. Jh.
Durchmesser 22 mm.
// Dumbarton Oaks 58. 106. 3589; Shumen; Sammlung Zacos (unpubliziert).
Ed: DOSeals 3.40.39; I. Jordanov, Corpus I, 1,2. vgl. auch W. Seibt, Rezension zu
I. Jordanov, Corpus I in BZ 98 (2005) 130.
Av
-^-|+SFRA|G.SLOG2|KLEIWS|.....|..
-^- +Sfragªi;º" lovg(ou") kleivous(a) ªtou' Nik(o)l(av)ouº
Rv
-^-| EKTHS|9AbUDW=|P.9NIXR2|.....|..
-^- ejk th'" Ἀbuvdou (kai;) pªeºnicr(ou') ªgrafevw"º.
Die Legende auf dem hier vorliegenden Siegel wurde anhand der
Parallelstücke rekonstruiert. Es handelt sich um zwei reguläre, paroxytone
Zwölfsilber mit Binnenschluss nach der siebten (erster Vers) bzw. nach
der fünften Silbe (zweiter Vers):
Sfragi;" lovgou" kleivousa tou' Nikolavou
ejk th'" Ἀbuvdou (kai;) penicrou' grafevw".
16 Sammlung Shaw (Katalog von V. Laurent) 1303. Zur Familie der Taronites
siehe: N. Adontz, “Les Taronites à Byzance,” Byzantion 11 (1936) 21-30.
17 Eine Verifizierung der Lesung Laurents war uns nicht möglich.
18 J. Nesbitt, “The Seals of the Saronites Family,” in: Siegel und Siegler, 118,
A. 6; vgl.: Prosopography of the Byzantine World (online), Nr. 20386.
80
Die Formulierung sfragi;" lovgou" kleivousa scheint innerhalb der

metrischen Siegellegenden nur hier zu begegnen.
6. Anonymes metrisches Siegel

Ca. Beginn bis Mitte des 13. Jhs.
Durchmesser 25 mm.
// Zacos, Seals II, Nr. 788; Fogg A. M. 457; Zacos (unpubliziert).Von diesem
Typus existieren mehrere Siegel, es ist allerdings sehr ähnlich aber nicht
stempelidentisch sind.
Ed.: Laurent, Bulles métriques, 28; Konstantopoulos, Stamoules 121; N. Oikono-
mides, The Anonymous Seal, SBS 4 (1995) 72; Zacos, Seals II, Nr. 788; H. Hunger,
Heimsuchung und Schirmherrschaft über Welt und Menschheit: Mhthr Qeou h
episkeyis, SBS 4 (1995) 37-39 (im Folgenden: Hunger, Episkepsis); A.-K. Wassiliou,
Metrische Siegellegenden auf byzantinischen Siegeln österreichischer Sammlungen
(unpublizierte Dissertation) (Wien, 1998), Nr. 2.1 (im Folgenden: Wassiliou,
Siegellegenden); Auktionskatalog F. Sternberg 25 (1991) 506; Auktion Sternberg
Sale 6 (Juli 1994) 189; SBS 6 (1999) 158; Italo Vecchi Sale 13 (1998) 1315; SBS
8 (2003) 232; V. Bulgurlu, Bizans Kurhun Mühürleri (Istanbul, 2007), Nr. 223;
Bild auf dem Umschlag von Hypermachos, Festschrift für Werner Seibt zum 65.
Geburtstag, Hrsg. Ch. Stavrakos / A.–K. Wassiliou / M. K. Krikorian (Wiesbaden,
2008) (Stück aus der Sammlung W. Seibt, Nr. 235).
Av
Die Theotokos als Standfigur mit dem Christuskind (nicht im Medaillon)
vor ihrer Brust. Die Hände hebt sie in Deesis-Gestus hoch. Zu beiden
Seiten der Gottesmutter befindet sich die Beischrift:
..|6Y5U HE|9PI|S - KE|C9I|9S
ªMhv(th)rº Q(eo)u' hJ ∆Epivskeyi"
Rv
...L.|.A..9IRASEI.|....KEC....|9S9M9WSKEPHN|9K9A9M9W9PANA9G.|9Ep
R..TEO.|...9DW
ª+Ἀpºlªou'sºa ªceºi'ra" eijª" ejpivsºkeyªin kovº smou skevphn kajmou'
Pavnagªnºe prªakºtevoªi" divºdou.
Die Legende bildet zwei reguläre, paroxytone Zölfsilber, von denen
der erste einen Binnenschluss nach der fünften und der zweite einen
Binnenschluss nach der siebten Silbe aufweist:
+Ἀplou'sa cei'ra" eij" ejpivskeyin kovsmou
skevphn kajmou' Pavnagne praktevoi" divdou.
81
Christos Stavrakos
Diese metrische Legende ist offensichtlich sehr beliebt bei den

Byzantinern des 12. Jhs., denn sie ist auf einer großen Zahl von Siegeln
überliefert worden, obwohl sich hier auch die von Hunger erwähnte
variatio minima zeigt.19 Ιnnerhalb dieses Typus’ gibt es Abweichungen, die
auf die Darstellung der Vorderseite zurückgehen. In allen Fällen handelt
es sich um die Abbildung einer stehenden Gottesmutter mit im Deesis-
Gestus erhobenen Händen, wobei die Theotokos das Kind entweder
mit oder ohne Medaillon in unterschiedlicher Größe vor ihrer Brust
trägt. Ikonographisch unterscheiden sich voneinander die verschiedenen
Siegeltypen auch durch den Faltenwurf des Maphorions der Gottesmutter
und durch die Handhaltung ihres grossen Daumens.
Neben diesem Typus ist ein weiterer bekannt, der eine teilweise ähnliche
metrische Legende bringt:
+Ἀplou'sa cei'ra" eij" Qeovn, aJgnh; Kovrh,
grafa;" ejmou' bravbeue kai; ku'ro" divdou.20
Im letzteren Fall ist auf der Vorderseite eine stehende Theotokos vom
Blachernitissa-Typus21 dargestellt. Die Metrik der Zwölfsilber der beiden
Siegeltypen weist eine innere Symmetrie auf, wenn auch in beiden Fällen
der erste Vers einen Binnenschluss nach der fünften und der zweite einen
Binnenschluss nach der siebten Silbe besitzt.
Schlußfolgerungen
Die Sammlung Kalantzis ist nach wie vor im Entstehen begriffen. Es
war meine Absicht, an dieser Stelle, die ersten byzantinischen Bleisiegel
daraus zu präsentieren. Der größte Teil davon ist zwar bereits durch
andere publizierte Siegeltypen bekannt, doch hat jedes einzelne neue
Stück seine eigene historische Bedeutung, auch wenn man es nur unter
einem bestimmten Siegeltypus subsummieren kann. In diesem Sinne
sind die Bleisiegel Nr. 1 und 6 zu verstehen, da wir auf diese Weise ein
vollständigeres Bild über den Gebrauch von beliebten, häufig verwendeten
Siegeltypen gewinnen, wozu beispielsweise die anonyme metrische
Bleibulle zählt (Nr. 6).
Ein anderweitig nicht belegtes Mitglied der Familie Taronites (oder
Saronites) wird durch die Bulle Nr. 4 belegt. Hier handelt es sich um eine
Erstedition dieses Siegeltypus.
19 Vgl.: H. Hunger, “Die metrischen Siegellegenden der Byzantiner. Inhalt

und Form,” Anzeiger der phil.-hist. Klasse der Österreichischen Akademie der
Wissenschaften 125 (1988), 1-16 (mit 4 Tafeln); Hunger, Episkepsis, 37-39.
20 Vgl.: Wassiliou, Siegellegenden, Nr. 2. 1.
21 W. Seibt, “Die Darstellung der Theotokos auf byzantinischen Bleisiegeln,
besonders im 11. Jahrhundert,” SBS 1 (1987) 50-51.
82
Bemerkenswert ist das anonyme Kaisersiegel Nr. 2, das aus dem

Blickwinkel der ikonographischen Darstellung bislang als ein Unikat für
den Bereich der byzantinischen Sigillographie bezeichnet werden muss.
Es beweist die hohen künstlerischen Fähigkeiten, die die Hersteller von
Boulloterien am Kaiserhof von Konstantinopel in der frühbyzantinischen
Zeit besaßen. Denn aus dieser Zeit, in der sich der Gebrauch vom Blei
noch nicht durchgesetzt hatte,22 kennen wir ansonsten eher Kaisersiegel,
die keine künstlerisch anspruchsvolle, sondern eher einfache oder sogar
primitive bildliche Darstellungen aufweisen.
Schließlich ist der Name Aijneiva", der vom Siegel Nr. 3 belegt worden
ist, ein einziger Beleg für diesen Namen in der frübyzantinischen Zeit, der
sonst gar nicht bezeugt wird.
22 Vgl. Seibt, Bleisiegel, 33-34.

83
John W. Nesbitt
An Unpublished Seal of the Patriarch of

Constantinople and New Rome, Stephanos II (925-927)
To date no seal of the tenth-century Constantinopolitan patriarch,

Stephanos II, has been published and so it is with much pleasure that we
describe below and comment on an unknown example in an American
collection:
Seal of Patriarch Stephanos II (925-927)
Private Collection (USA). Diameter 37 mm. Two halves joined together

by solder in modern times. Punch mark on obverse and reverse.
Unpublished.
Obverse: In center, the Virgin Hodegetria standing on a dais, holding
the Infant Christ on her left arm. Her head is turned toward Christ and
is slightly inclined. The figure is naturalistically modeled: the tension of
the Virgin’s muscles from holding the Christ Child is properly reflected
in her hip thrust sideways and the right leg bent at the knee. A circular
inscription, invoking the Virgin’s help, appears within a double border of
dots. The legend is only partially imprinted, but it may be confidentially
read as follows: +UPERAGIAYE-O..0K0EbOHYEI& No sigla.
Reverse: An inscription of five lines preceded and followed by decoration:
+&+|+STEFANV|ARXIEPIS0K.P|KVNSTANTINW|POLEVSNEAS|
RVMHS&|+&+ Border of dots.
ÔUperagiva Qeoªtovºke bohvqei Stefavnw/ ajrciepiskªovºp(w/)
Kwnstantinoupovlew" N°eva" ÔRwvmh".
85
John W. Nesbitt
Two patriarchs of Constantinople bore the name Stephanos. The first

Stephanos, the brother of Leo VI (886-912), reigned from 886-893. Laurent
has published his seal.1 The obverse is decorated with a representation of
the Virgin Hodegetria standing to front and holding Christ on the left arm.
She is accompanied by a circular inscription reading Qeotovke ªbohvqeiº. On
the reverse appears a legend of six lines preceded and (possibly followed)
by a decoration consisting of a cross flanked on either side by a pellet:
!+!|+STEFA|NVARXIEPI|SKOPVKVN|STANTINOU|POLEV
SNE|ASRVMH2:
Stefavnw/ ajrciepiskovpw/ Kwnstantinoupovlew" N°eva" ÔRwvmh("). No
sigla or dais are present. Laurent’s attribution of the specimen to the first
Stephanos cannot be doubted. The stiff frontality of the Virgin’s depiction
shows that the object is to be dated to the period before 900. The specimen
stands, for example, in stark contrast with a seal of his successor,
Nicholas I.2 Here the Virgin, standing on a dais and with her head tilted
downward and slightly turned toward the Infant Christ whom she holds
on her left arm, is depicted as a mother engaged with her child. As on our
seal a circular inscription begins with the adjective ÔUperagiva and, as
on the reverse of our specimen, the inscription identifying the patriarch
is preceded and followed by a six-rayed star flanked on either side by a
cross. In light of the parallels between Nicholas’ seal and the specimen
edited above we may confidently assign our seal of Patriarch Stephanos to
the tenth century and to the reign of Patriarch Stephanos II.3
We close by observing one small, but interesting point about the
obverse of Stephanos II’s seal and its design. The image of the Virgin is
unaccompanied by the sigla 6MR-6YU: M(hvth)r Q(eo)u'. For the sake of
comparison we call attention to Nicholas I’s seal, specifically the Vatican
example. One notes that on this specimen no sigla flank the Virgin either.
A different situation confronts us when we examine the obverse of the
1 The specimen is from the Reggio Museum (Calabria). See Laurent, Corpus
V/1, no. 10.
2 Examples of this patriarch’s seals from the Vatican and Athens collections
are edited and illustrated in Laurent, Corpus V/1 nos. 11 and 12. Nicholas reigned
twice: 901-907 and 912-925. Laurent was inclined to attribute the two specimens
to Nicholas’ first reign. We refer in our description specifically to the Vatican seal.
On the Athens example the Virgin is shown enthroned. Laurent had previously
published and illustrated the Vatican specimen in: Vatican, no. 153. Laurent’s
photograph of the Athens specimen is not sharp. A better photograph is to be
found in I. Koltsida-Makre, “Overstruck Lead Seals: an Approach to the Problem
with Three Examples,” SBS 2 (1990) 55, no. 1.
3 We know that prior to his elevation Stephanos II served as metropolitan of
Amaseia. See Skytlitzes, 221, line 81. He was enthroned on June 29, 925, and died
on July 18, 927.
86
An Unpublished Seal of the Patriarch Stephanos II (925—927)
Athens example of Patriarch Nicholas’ seal, a specimen overstruck with

the dies from a boulloterion belonging to a certain Julian, metropolitan
of Seleukeia. Here, to the left of an enthroned Virgin, appears one-half of
the sigla 6MR-[6YU]. The full identifying label is to be seen on the obverse
of a similar example of Nicholas’ seal, a specimen in the collection
of the Hermitage.4 What we may conclude from the seal of Patriarch
Stephanos II is that at least through the first quarter of the tenth century it
had yet to become customary for the figure of the Virgin to be flanked by
sigla. The situation was, in sum, still fluid. Studies of the epigraphic and
decorative traits of later patriarchal seals are hampered by the fact that no
seal of Stephanos II’s successor, Patriarch Tryphon (927-931), has been
published. Hopefully, in future, an example will surface, as well as one
from the reign of Patriarch Theophylaktos (933-956).
4 The specimen is published in Lihačev, Molivdovuly, no. LXI.6.

87
Werner Seibt
ÜBERNAHM DER FRANZÖSISCHE NORMANNE HERVÉ

(ERBEBIOS PHRANGOPOLOS) NACH DER KATASTROPHE
VON MANTZIKERT DAS KOMMANDO ÜBER
DIE VERBLIEBENE OSTARMEE?
Unter den normannischen Abenteurern, die im 11. Jh. in byzantinische

Dienste traten, ist Erbebios Phrangopolos, wohl Hervé, einer der bekann-
testen, da er sowohl historiographisch als auch bereits bisher sigillographisch
belegt ist.1
Ein Siegeltypus ist seit langem bekannt, Schlumberger widmete ihm einen
längeren Abschnitt.2 Jenes Exemplar, das Schlumberger von Sp. Lambros
erhalten hatte (und von jenem in Konstantinopel erworben worden war), befindet
sich seit langem in Paris.3 Ein Parallelstück edierte kürzlich J. Nesbitt.4
Auf dem Avers ist eine Büste des Apostelfürsten Petros dargestellt, mit
einem langen Stabkreuz in der Rechten und wohl einer Schriftrolle in
der Linken. Das Haupthaar ist in Locken geformt, und auch der kurze
Bart, der das Gesicht umgibt, ist gelockt. Etwas ungewöhnlich dagegen
die Behandlung der klar erkennbaren Ohren (besonders das linke ist unten
leicht nach außen gebogen). Die Beischrift lautet: ø|P|E-T|R|O2
1 Père Laurent, selbst ein Normanne, nannte ihn “le plus célèbre et le plus
connu des Phrangopouloi”: V. Laurent, “Légendes sigillographiques et familles
byzantines,” ÉO 30 (1931) 472, Nr. 8. Vgl. auch J.- Cl. Cheynet, “Le rôle des
Occidentaux dans l’armée byzantine avant la Première Croisade,” E. Konstantinou
(Hrsg.), Byzanz und das Abendland im 10. und 11. Jahrhundert (Köln – Weimar –
Wien, 1997), 119-121.
2 Schlumberger, Sig., 656-660; Faksimile auf S. 659.
3 BnF 1193. Vor vielen Jahren konnten wir davon ein Photo erhalten.
4 M. Braunlin – J. Nesbitt, “Selections from a private collection of Byzantine
bullae,” Byzantion 68 (1998) 170f., Nr. 12 (mit Abb.).
89
Werner Seibt
Die Rv.-Legende ist auf 7 Zeilen verteilt, über denen sich wohl eine Perle
(oder ein Kreuz) zwischen längeren Zierstrichen befindet.
ERbEbIv|MAGISTRv|bESTH55=STR|ATHLATHTH|ANATOL
HTv|9F9RAGOPv|Lv.
Erbebios Phrangopolos war nach dem Zeugnis dieses Siegels also
Stratelates des Ostens, mit dem Rangtitel Magistros Bestes. Das lässt
sich ziemlich genau datieren. Wie Skylitzes berichtet, forderte Erbebios
von Kaiser Michael VI. Stratiotikos Bringas im Winter 1056/1057 als
Anerkennung seiner Verdienste die Beförderung zum Magistros, wurde
aber unter wenig ehrenvollen Umständen abgewiesen. Auf Grund dieser
Beleidigung begab er sich auf seine Besitzung in Dagarabe im Thema
Armeniakon, sammelte dort eine Schar Normannen, die in diesem Thema
überwinterten, und ließ sich 1057 auf ein sehr fragwürdiges Abenteuer
mit dem türkischen Kommandanten Samuch ein, das aber schließlich mit
seiner Gefangennahme durch den Emir von Chleat/Xlat‘ am Van See,
Aponasar,6 endete.7 Sehr wahrscheinlich wurde Erbebios von letzterem
an den Kaiser ausgeliefert, entweder noch an Michael VI. oder bereits an
Isaak Komnenos. Das Siegel bezeugt klar, dass Erbebios danach, wohl
frühestens von Isaak Komnenos oder spätestens von seinem Nachfolger
Konstantin X. Dukas dann doch zum Magistros, ja sogar zum Magistros
Bestes aufstieg und zumindest zeitweise das hohe Kommando eines
Stratelates des Ostens innehatte.
Vielleicht lässt sich damit eine Nachricht des Matt‘ēos Uŕhayec‘i
(Matthäus von Edessa) verbinden, der zum Jahr 1062/1063 berichtet,
dass ein P‘ŕangapōl, worunter natürlich Phrangopolos zu verstehen ist,
der sehr ehrenvoll als „mej išcan“ (in etwa „großer Fürst“; Dostourian
übersetzt allgemeiner „illustrious magnate“) bezeichnet wird, mit großer
Heeresmacht in den Osten geschickt wurde. In der Ebene von T‘lcum
8
(T‘lmuc/Tulhum, nordnordwestlich von Amida), traf er mit dem
Truppenaufgebot des Dux von Edessa namens Dawatanos (Dabatenos
5 Dass der Rangtitel Bestes im ODB (II 922) mit Vestiarites verwechselt wird,
ist peinlich.
6 Es handelt sich um den (kurdischen) Marwāniden Naṣr ad-Daula Abū Naṣr
Ahmad; vgl. E. Honigmann, Die Ostgrenze des byzantinischen Reiches (Brüssel,
1935),183, A. 6.
7 Skylitzes 484,41-486,95. Vgl. dazu J.- Cl. Cheynet, Pouvoir et contestations
à Byzance (963-1210) (Byzantina Sorbonensia, 9) (Paris, 1990), 67f., Nr. 79;
J. Shepard, “The Use of the Franks in eleventh-century Byzantium,” Anglo-
Norman Studies 15 (1992) 296f.
8 Vgl. die Karte bei W. Felix, Byzanz und die islamische Welt im früheren
11. Jahrhundert (Byzantina Vindobonensia, 14) (Wien, 1981), im Feld D3 links
unten.
90
oder Diabatenos)9 zusammen, und gemeinsam zogen sie gegen Amida.

In den Kämpfen vor dieser Stadt kam der Dux ums Leben, was man
Phrangopolos ankreidete, dem man vorwarf, er hätte sich von den Gegnern
bestechen lassen.10 Bald danach ist davon die Rede, dass P‘ŕangapōl
nach Karin (Theodosiupolis/Erzerum) zog (offenbar in Verfolgung
eines seldschukischen Heerhaufens, der zuvor die Gegend von T‘lmuc
geplündert hatte), wo er die Türken besiegte und den Kommandanten,
einen Emir Isup‘/Usup‘11 tötete. Darauf folgt unmittelbar die Notiz,
dass der Kaiser P‘ŕangapōl nach Konstantinopel beorderte und wegen
der angeblichen Schuld am Tod des Dawatanos verurteilte und im Meer
ertränken ließ.12 Obiges Kommando des Phrangopolos könnte sehr wohl
dem eines strathlavth" th'" ∆Anatolh'" entsprechen.
Blenden wir zunächst etwas zurück. An obiger Stelle erwähnt Skylitzes

auch, dass Erbebios schon unter Maniakes in Sizilien erfolgreich gekämpft
und sich auch in den Jahren danach in kaiserlichem Dienst sehr bewährt
hatte. Ob Erbebios schon beim ersten Sizilienfeldzug des Maniakes oder
erst nach der Rückkehr des Maniakes zu den Kaiserlichen stieß, wissen
wir nicht; vielleicht gehörte er auch nur der Gruppe der Maniakavtoi
an, die mit Maniakes nach seiner Usurpation auf die Balkan-Halbinsel
zogen (1043), nach dem Tod ihres Führers aber in die kaiserliche Armee
eingegliedert wurden.13
9 Vorname wird keiner überliefert; Siegel nennen für etwa diese Zeit einen
Theodoros Diabatenos als bevsth" (Av.: Standbilder zweier Militärheiliger,
rechts sicher des Theodoros, links wohl des Georgios), einen Niketas Dabatenos
als mavgistro" kai; katepavnw (Av.: Standbild des Theodoros) und einen Leon
Diabatenos, einmal als bevsth" kai; katepavnw, einmal als mavgistro" kai; douvx
(Av.: jeweils ein Standbild des Erzengels Michael mit gezücktem Schwert).
1077/1078 soll ein Leon Dawatanos Dux von Edessa gewesen sein, von wo
ihn Basileios Apokapes (im Auftrag des Philaretos Brachamios) vertrieb
(Matt‘ēos Uŕhayec‘i 216 ed. Vałaršapat; 143 trad. Dostourian). Möglicherweise
ist Leon identisch mit jenem Homonymos, der 1071 im Rang eines bestavrch"
als kaiserlicher Gesandter zum Sultan Alp Arslan geschickt worden war
[vgl. Bryennios, ed. P. Gautier (Brüssel, 1975) I 13, 109, 3f.].
10 Matt‘ēos Uŕhayec‘i 142f. ed. Vałaršapat; 99f. trad. Dostourian.
11 Dem liegt wohl Yūsuf zu Grunde; vgl. Honigmann, Ostgrenze, 185, A. 9.
12 Matt‘ēos Uŕhayec‘i 144 ed. Vałaršapat; 100f. trad. Dostourian. Möglicher-
weise wurde Phrangopolos aber nur zurückberufen und seines Kommandos
entkleidet, vielleicht sogar exiliert und bestraft, aber doch nicht getötet.
13 Skyl. Cont. 167,13-15 oiJ su;n aujtw'/ (scil. Maniavkh/) peraiwqevnte" tw'/
basilei' doulwqevnte" Maniakavtoi ejpwnomavsqhsan kai; th'/ ÔRwmaivwn polloi;
ejnapevmeinan... Vgl. Shepard, 284 mit A. 38; B. Krsmanović, Uspon vojnog
plemstva u Vizantiji XI veka (The Rise of Byzantine Military Aristocracy in the
11th Century) (Posebna izdanja, 24), (Belgrad, 2001), 105 mit A. 98.
91
Werner Seibt
Ausdrücklich wird Erbebios als Kommandant der Normannen gegen

die Pečenegen im Jahr 1050 erwähnt.14 Darauf könnte sich ein Siegel
beziehen, das ich einmal kurz in Bulgarien sah, und das sicher in Bulgarien
gefunden wurde. Nach meiner Notiz war auch hier auf dem Avers eine
Büste zu sehen (vielleicht ebenfalls von Petros), und Erbebios erscheint
darauf als u{pato", und das Kommando ST.ATH wollen wir eher mit
strath(gov"), als mit strath(lavth"), auflösen. Hypatos war damals
niedriger als Patrikios, und zwischen diesem Titel und Magistros lagen
noch Bestes und Bestarches. Ob Erbebios eine dieser Stufen erreichte, ist
nicht ganz sicher, aber doch wahrscheinlich – sonst wäre die Forderung
nach dem Magistros-Titel sehr anmaßend gewesen.15
Ein Siegel, das ich kürzlich erwerben konnte,16 lässt die Bedeutung
des Erbebios in völlig neuem Licht erscheinen. Dass im Auktionskatalog
der Name als Erberios gelesen wird, ist belanglos,17 ebenso dürfte die
Vermutung, dass das Siegel mit dem Feldzug des Manuel Komnenos
gegen die Türken im Jahr 1070 zu verbinden wäre, in die Irre gehen.
Auf beiden Seiten findet sich nur Schrift:

KE|BOHYHER|BE9BIvAE..|OS9TRAT.|.A9TH9D|
IK|AIUPEREXO|.AK9AIFALH.|.ANATvL..|...9RA..
K(uvri)e bohvq(ei) ∆Erbebivw/ (pro)evªdrº(w/) stratªhlºavth/
divkai(a) uJperevcoªn(ti)º ajk(e)favlhª"º ªt(h'")º Ἀnat(o)lª(h')"º
ªtw/' Fºraªggop(wvlw/)º.
14 Skylitzes, 467,5f. a[rconta tw'/ tovte tw'n oJmoeqnw'n. Attaleiates 35,12f. (Bekker);
27, 20 (Pérez Martín) spricht in diesem Zusammenhang nur von einem Lati'no",
worunter aber doch wohl Erbebios zu verstehen ist. Vgl. Shepard 288. 291.
15 Cheynet, Pouvoir, 67f., Nr. 79 vermutet den Rangtitel Patrikios, was aber
nicht durch Quellen erhärtet wird; vgl. auch Krsmanović, 250.
16 Seibt, 404; aus Auktion Münz Zentrum Rheinland 131, 11.1.2006, 1009.
17 W. Weiser, auf den diese Lesung und der anschließende Kommentar
zurückgeht, wollte offenbar eine enge Verbindung zum deutschen Namen „Herbert“
herstellen. Phrangopulos übersetzte er ja auch leichtfertig mit „Frankensohn“, das
Sonderkommando als „rechtmäßiger Machthaber des vakanten Ostens“.
92
Zu beiden Seiten der jeweils sehr kurzen Kopfzeile Zierelemente.

Paläographisch fallen primär die unten geschlossenen B auf, die im 11.
Jh. an sich nicht üblich waren.18 Wie die Reste des Beinamens, die auf
dem Siegel zu erkennen sind, genau zu interpretieren sind, ist nicht ganz
klar, aber angesichts des so ausgefallenen Vornamens sind keine Zweifel
am Namen möglich.
Divkaia uJperevcwn bedeutet hier in militärischem Zusammenhang wohl
„(außergewöhnliche) Befehlsgewalt besitzend“; uJperevcwn allein findet
sich auch in einer langen Liste von Bezeichnungen (fremdstämmiger)
Würdenträger verschiedenster Art im Zeremonienbuch19 und bedeutet
dort wohl allgemein jemanden, der „Autorität hat“.
Dass Erbebios von Magistros weiter zum Proedros aufstieg, ist in dieser
Zeit durchaus glaubwürdig; damit zählte er bereits zu den ranghöchsten
Generälen des Reiches. Auch dass er wieder als Stratelates erscheint,
verwundert nicht. Ich bin mir allerdings nicht sicher, ob es damals im
Osten weiterhin nur einen einzigen Stratelates oder gelegentlich doch
mehrere gab, dass also auch einzelne Mitglieder des „Generalstabes“
bei kaiserlichen Kriegszügen, die nicht eine bestimmte Truppe
kommandierten, diese Bezeichnung führen durften.
Absolut überraschend ist allerdings das folgende divkaia uJperevcwn
ajkefavlh" ∆Anatolh'". Das ist natürlich keine bombastische Umschreibung
für strathlavth" th'" ∆Anatolh'", sondern verweist auf eine Extremsitua-
tion; offenbar übernahm Erbebios (sehr wahrscheinlich zumindest als
Kandidat der Mehrheit der im byzantinischen Heerlager verbliebenen
Offiziere) nach einer Katastrophe, die die Ostgrenze der eingesetzten Führer
beraubt hatte, das Kommando über die noch zur Verfügung stehenden
Truppen, bis der Kaiser eine neue Verfügung erließ.
Wäre es überhaupt denkbar, obige ganz außergewöhnliche Formulierung,
insbesondere ajkefavlh" ∆Anatolh'", in einen anderen Zusammenhang
als die Katastrophe von Mantzikert zu stellen, als der Kaiser und einige
hohe Kommandanten in seldschukische Gefangenschaft geraten waren,
der danach ranghöchste Offizier, der Protoproedros Andronikos Dukas,
die Flucht ergriffen hatte, und die militärischen Abteilungen, die nach
Chliath in Marsch gesetzt worden waren, ebenfalls nicht zurückkehrten?
Zu letzteren gehörte auch der Normannenführer Roussel de Bailleul.
Krispinos dagegen, ein weiterer Kommandant der Normannen, der
18 Vgl. aber z.B. W. Seibt, “Ena musthriwvde" molubdovboullo twn arcwvn tou

11ou aiwvna sta Iwavnnina: Kouravtwr Bhtovl(h") kai; ∆Hghb(avtou),” Nicopolis
B. Proceedings of the Second Int. Nicopolis Symposion (11-15 September 2002)
(Preveza, 2007), I, 583-586; II, Taf. 393.
19 De cerimoniis, ed Bonn, II 46, S. 679, 7; im Kapitel Oi|" ojfeivlei oJ basileu;"
ojnovmasin tima/~n toi'" megista~si kai; prwvtoi" tw'n ejqnw'n.
93
Werner Seibt
später gegen den dann schon abgesetzten Kaiser eine wichtige Rolle
spielen sollte, war zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch in Abydos im Exil. Erbebios
könnte durchaus beim Feldzug des Jahres 1071 zum engsten Stab des
Romanos Diogenes gehört haben, auch wenn er in den Quellen nicht
ausdrücklich erwähnt wird. Attaleiates, der wie viele andere schleunigst
die Heimreise antrat, als die Nachricht von der Gefangennahme des
Kaisers zur Gewissheit wurde, kann über die Verhältnisse im Heerlager
von Mantzikert ab diesem Zeitpunkt nichts Konkretes berichten, die von
ihm abhängigen Quellen erst recht nicht.
Wahrscheinlich konnte sich Erbebios jedoch nicht lange seiner neuen
Position erfreuen, möglicherweise wurde er auch nicht von allen voll
anerkannt; sonst wäre das Schweigen aller sonstigen Quellen doch recht
erstaunlich. Vielleicht hilft hier auch das Beispiel des Proedros Paulos
weiter. Dieser war von seinem Kommando als Katepano von Edessa ins
Lager des Kaisers gerufen worden und übernahm nach der Gefangennahme
des Diogenes und des Dux von Theodosiupolis das Kommando in jener
Stadt, auch ohne kaiserlichen Auftrag.20
Erbebios könnte sehr bald im Kampf mit Türken gefallen sein, oder
er mag vielleicht zu jenen gehört haben, die Mantzikert heimlich (und
schlechten Gewissens?) verließen, als der Kaiser vom Sultan – früher
als alle erwartet hatten – freigelassen wurde und sich zunächst dorthin
begab.21 Weiters könnte es als kleines Indiz dienen, dass sich dem
Diogenes viele Fravggoi anschlossen, als er in Dokeia/Tokat im Thema
Armeniakon sein Lager aufschlug, was seine Position zunächst erheblich
verstärkte;22 allerdings wurde – zumindest der Großteil von ihnen – später
von Krispinos abgeworben.
M.E. weist also unser neues Siegel darauf hin, dass der Normanne Hervé
unmittelbar nach der furchtbaren Nachricht von der Gefangennahme des
Kaisers und weiterer hoher Offiziere das Kommando über die vor bzw. in
Mantzikert liegende byzantinische Armee übernahm; andererseits dürfte
es sich aber nur um ein kurzes Intermezzo gehandelt haben, denn es endete
sicher spätestens mit der Rückkehr des Kaisers Romanos Diogenes aus
der selschukischen Gefangenschaft…
20 Vgl. Attaleiates, 168, 7-11 (Bekker); 124, 24-125, 1 (Pérez Martín). War
Paulos vielleicht dem Erbebios unterlegen, als es um die Frage der Interimsführung
der Armee ging? Andererseits konnte es sich auch um eine akkordierte Entsendung
durch den „Kriegsrat“ und demgemäß in vollem Einverständnis mit Erbebios
gehandelt haben.
21 Attaleiates, 166,10-12 (Bekker); 123,18f. (Pérez Martín); Skyl. Cont. 152,7f.
22 Attaleiates, 170,5f. (Bekker); 126,9f. (Pérez Martín).
94
(M-2280)
(M-10721)
Von etwas anderer Art sind zwei einander sehr ähnliche Siegel der
Ermitaž, die auf dem Avers ebenfalls den hl. Petros aufweisen; in beiden
Fällen scheint die Rechte des Apostels in segnender Geste vor der Brust
gehalten zu werden, auf dem relativ schlecht erhaltenen Avers von
M-2280 dürfte die Linke einen Kreuzstab halten, bei dem im Prinzip
besser erhaltenen Avers von M-10721 ist ein solcher nicht zu erkennen.
Die Beischrift bei letzterem ist O|A|GI|O|.-P|E|TRO|S, bei ersterem wäre
eine leichte Variante denkbar.
Die Rv.-Legende von M-2280 lautet: + ERbE|OSOFRA|KOPwL,O|GALLO.
Darunter und wohl auch darüber je eine Perle zwischen
Längsstrichen. Ob sich am Ende der 2. Zeile nach dem Alpha
ein Kürzungsstrich befand oder danach das Kappa irgendwie
mit einem Gamma ligiert war, lässt sich nicht sicher sagen,
da hier Beschädigungen vorliegen; beides dürfte aber eher
unwahrscheinlich sein.23 Beim anderen Exemplar findet sich eine
Änderung: + ERbE|OSOFRAN|KOPwLO24|OGALL2.
23 Für Photos dieser beiden Siegel danken wir Lena Stepanova. Das Siegel
M-2280 wurde bereits von V. S. Šandrovskaja vorediert (Sfragistika, 757); dort
wurde jedoch auf die Identifizierung des Heiligen der Avers-Seite ebenso verzichtet
wie auf eine Abbildung; als Siegelbesitzer wird einfach „Erbebij Frangopul“
namhaft gemacht.
24 Dieser Buchstabe sieht zunächst wie Omega aus, wir denken aber eher an
ein oben plattgedrücktes Omikron.
95
Werner Seibt
Wir sind von der Identität mit obigem Erbebios überzeugt, obwohl
hier die dem Französischen sogar nähere Namensform Erbeos/Erveos
gewählt wurde. Diese Siegel nennen weder Rangtitel noch Kommando
(wahrscheinlich war Hervé damals „Privatmann“, ohne Kommando),
aber immerhin erfahren wir hier, dass es sich um einen französischen
Normannen, nicht um einen italienischen handelt, denn oJ Gavllo" ist
sicher so zu interpretieren. Die genaue Datierung ist nicht einfach; wir
tendieren eher dazu, diese Typen an den Beginn der byzantinischen
Karriere des Mannes zu setzen.
In der eben erschienenen Sammlung von – teilweise erheblich erweiterten
bzw. verbesserten – sigillographischen Aufsätzen von J. - Cl. Cheynet
findet sich die Abbildung eines (allerdings nicht sehr gut erhaltenen)
Siegels der ehem. Sammlung Zacos, das sich heute in Paris befindet, das
wohl auch obigen Erbebios nennt.25 Auf dem Avers allerdings eine Büste
des hl. Demetrios, die metrische Revers-Legende lautet: + - ERbEbI|wS
FRAGIS|MATwFRA|G9G9OPv|Lw. Wahrscheinlich stammt das Siegel aus
den späteren Jahren des Mannes.
25 Cheynet, Société, 81, Abb. 105.

96
Jean-Claude Cheynet
UN NOUVEAU BOULLOTERION DECOUVERT EN TURQUIE
Le nombre de sceaux mis à jour s’accroît constamment pour dépasser

actuellement les 70 000 bulles. Le nombre de boullôtèria qui servaient à
les frapper reste très modeste et n’atteint pas une dizaine d’exemplaires
connus à ce jour, dont le plus ancien, celui attribué au césar Constant
(336-337) est sujet à discussion, car il pourrait s’agir de coins pour
faux - monnayeurs.1 Les autres boullôtèria datent des XIe-XIIe siècles.
M. Haluk Perk est un collectionneur turc qui a rassemblé beaucoup
de matériel byzantin. Il a du reste sollicité plusieurs savants turcs pour
présenter une partie des objets remarquables de sa collection.2 Il a acquis
au cours du temps plus d’un centaine de sceaux de conditions variées,
dont certains ont fait l’objet de publication.3 Parmi les objets acquis ces
dernières années figure un boullôtèrion. L’objet est assez curieux au
premier abord, car les deux branches de la pince sont assez fines si on
les compare à celles des deux boullôtèria publiés avec des photographies
par G. Zacos et A. Veglery.4 Sa longueur complète est de 24,2 cm et est
très proche du premier boullôtèrion publié par les deux éditeurs lui aussi
de l’ordre de 24 cm et inférieur au second des boullotèria publiés qui
dépasse 30 cm. La distance entre le point de croisement des branches de
la pince et les mâchoires est de 5,3 cm.
Il pèse seulement 174 grammes, alors que le boullôtèrion trouvé en
Bulgarie pèse 2,5 kg.5 Cependant la nature de l’objet ne fait pas de doute,
car il dispose bien de deux mâchoires gravées en négatif et de marques de
marteau laissées au moment de la frappe.
1 N. Oikonomidès, Le boullôtèrion du césar Constant (336/337), trouvé à

Beaumont-sur-Oise, SBS 1 (1987) 105-115.
2 Tuliya I, éd. Ş. Dönmez, Haluk Perk Müzesi, (Istanbul, 2005).
3 T. Gökyîldîrîm, « Halük Perk Müzesi’ndeki Konik Kurhun Mühürler, »
Tuliya I, 231-246 ; V. Bulgurlu, « Halük Perk Koleksiyonu’nda Bulunan Dört
Bizans Imparator Kurşun Mühüru, » ibidem, 251-260 ; et pour le sceau d’Atouémès
Sénachérim, J.-Cl. Cheynet, « De Tziliapert à Sébastè, » SBS 9 (2006) 213-226.
4 Zacos-Veglery, I, ix-xi et pl. 1 et 3.
5 M. Robov – J. Aleksiev, « Boullotirion from the Cult Set of Buildings near
Voden Village, Burgas Region, » Mélanges en l’honneur du Dr Vassil Haralanov,
éd. I. Jordanov et al., (Shumen, 2008), 179.
97
Échelle 1/2.
Le diamètre des mâchoires est de 14 mm. Sur l’une des deux, qui
constitue le droit du sceau figure une image, peu distincte, avec une étoile
dans le champ. Sur l’autre, un monogramme est nettement dessiné. Il
comporte un T surmonté d’un O au sommet, A à la base, M sur la haste
droite et Ksur la haste gauche. La solution est certaine : Komita'. Le sceau
peut être daté du VIIe siècle.
Le nom Komitas est bien attesté à cette date, mais n’est pas très fréquent.
Il revient à onze reprises dans la PLRE. D’après les neuf occurrences de
la PBE, qui prend aussi en compte les clercs, il est porté aussi bien par
des ecclésiastiques que par des laïcs. En l’absence de toute fonction, il est
impossible d’attribuer ce boullôtèrion au signataire d’un sceau connu.
Dernier point, on pourrait s’interroger sur l’authenticité de ce boullô-
tèrion. Mais on ne remarque aucun détail suspect dans sa constitution. De
plus, le prix modeste auquel il a été acquis suggère que l’inventeur de cet
objet n’a pas eu conscience de sa rareté et de son intérêt. Il est donc peu
vraisemblable qu’il en soit le faussaire.
Il s’agit donc d’un modèle assez léger que l’on pouvait emporter, en cas
de besoin, avec soi.
98
Seals Published (2002-2006)
N. A. Alekseenko, “Pečati glavnyh logofetov iz Hersonskogo arhiva,” ADSV 34

(2003), 174-205. All seals were found in Cherson.
1. Proposed date: VIII/IX c.
Obv.: Inscribed cruciform invocative monogram (type V): Θεοτόκε βοήθει
τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Θεοδώρῳ uJpάτῳ καi; γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 1 on p. 201. Unpublished.
2. = SBS 8 (2003), 77, no. 2.
Remarks: Photo 2 on p. 201.
3. Proposed date: VIII/IX c.
Rev.: Γεωργίῳ pατρικίῳ (καi;) γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
4-7. Proposed date: VIII/IX c.
Rev.: Θεοφιλάκτῳ β(ασιλικῷ) σpαθαρ(ίῳ) (καi;) γενικ(ῷ) λογοθ(έτh/).
Remarks: Photo 4-7. Unpublished. Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 2546.
8-11. Proposed date: VIII/IX c.
Rev.: Ἰωάννh/ pατρικ(ίῳ) (καi;) γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 8-11 on p. 201-202. Unpublished.
12. Proposed date: IX c. (second half).
Rev.: Ἐpιφανίῳ β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpα(θαρίῳ) καi; γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 12 on p. 202. Unpublished. Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 55, no. 17.
13. Proposed date: IX (second half)-early X c.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on three steps. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ
σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Φιλοθevῳ β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθαρ(ίῳ) (καi;) γενικ(ῷ) λογοθέτh./
Remarks: Photo 13 on p. 202. Unpublished. Cf. Laurent, Corpus II, no. 309
(middle of the IXth c.).
99
14-16. Proposed date: IX (second half)-early X c.

σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Θεοδώρῳ β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σπαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;) γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 14-16 on p. 202. Unpublished. Cf. Zacos, Seals II, no. 309
(late IX-early X c.); Jordanov, “Pečatite na kommerkiarijata Develt,”
Poselischni proučvanija 2 (Sofia, 1992), nos.15-21.
17. Proposed date: IX (second half)-early X c.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on four steps. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ
σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Βασιλείῳ β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;) γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 17 on p. 202. Unpublished. Cf. Jordanov, “Vizantijski olovni
pečati ot Pliska,” Pliska-Preslav 5 (Sofia, 1992), 282, no. 5.
18 = SBS 8 (2003), 79, no. 4.
19. Proposed date: 843-middle of the Χ c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin holding the Child before chest. Traces of a circular
inscription.
Rev.: Ἰωάννh/ ajνθυpάτῳ pατρικ(ίῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;)
γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
20-21. Proposed date: 843-middle of the Χ c.
inscription.
Rev.: ...ῳ pατρικ(ίῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;) γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 20-21 on p. 202-203. Unpublished.
inscription.
Rev.: ...σpαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;) γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
inscription.
Rev.: Νικήτa/ pατρικ(ίῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθαρ(ίῳ) (καi;) γενικ(ῷ)
λογοθ(έτh/).
inscription.
Rev.: Νικήτa/ ajνθ(υpάτῳ) pατρικ(ίῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθαρ(ίῳ) (καi;)
γενικ(ῷ) λογοθέτh.
100
25-26. Proposed date: X c. (first half).

Obv.: Patriarchal cross with tendrils on three steps. Circular inscription:
Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Λέοντι pριmικ(ηρίῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpα(θαρίῳ) (καi;) γενικ(ῷ)
λογοθέτ(h/).
Remarks: Photo 25-26 on p. 203. Cf. Zacos, Seals II, no. 209-210.
27-28. Proposed date: X c.
Rev.: Κωνσταντίνῳ pατρικίῳ (καi;) γενικῷ λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 27-28 on p. 203. Unpublished. Cf. Laurent, Corpus II, no. 312.
Obv. Patriarchal cross with tendrils on three steps. Circular inscription: Κύριε
βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Κωνσταν(τίνῳ) pριmικ(ηρίῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) ojστιαρίῳ (καi;) γενικ(ῷ)
λογοθ(έτh/).
Remarks: Photo 29-30 on p. 203. Unpublished. Cf. Laurent, Corpus II, no. 311;
Seibt-Zarnitz, no. 2.1.3; K. D. Smyčkov, “Novye nahodki molivdovulov
glavnyh logofetov X v. v Hersonese,” Numizmatika i sfragistika 2 (14)
(Kiev, 2000), 29, fig. 4.
Obv. Patriarchal cross with tendrils on three steps. Circular inscription: Κύριε
Rev.: Κωνσταν(τίνῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) ojστιαρ(ίῳ) (καi;) γενικ(ῷ) λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 31-34 on p. 204. Unpublished.
35-38. Proposed date: Middle of the Xth c.
Rev.: Νικολ(άῳ) mαγ(ίστρῳ) ajνθυp(άτῳ) pατρικ(ίῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)-
σpαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;) γενικ(ῷ) λογο(θέτh/).
Remarks: Photo 35-38 on p. 204. Νο. 35 = SBS 8 (2003), 78, no. 3. Nos. 36-38
unpublished. Cf. SBS 3 (1993), 104-105, pl. V, 2-3; K. D. Smyčkov, “Novye
nahodki molivdovulov glavnyh logofetov X v. v Hersonese,” Numizmatika i
sfragistika 2 (14) (Kiev, 2000), 28-29, fig. 1-3; Zacos, Seals II, no. 242bis;
Laurent, Corpus II, no. 317; SBS 8 (2003), 190, no. 37.
39. Proposed date: X c.
Rev.: Μιχαὴλ β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθα(ρίῳ) ejpi; τοu' χρυσοτρ(ικλίνου)
(καi;) γενικ(ῷ) λογοθέτ(h/).
101
40-41. Proposed date: X c. (second half).

Rev.: Ἐλισσίῳ pατρικ(ίῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;) γενικ(ῷ)
λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 40-41 on p. 204-205. Unpublished. Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 196,
reading of Jordanov (Preslav, no. 126) corrected by W. Seibt.
σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Νικήτa/ pατρικ(ίῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;) γενικ(ῷ)
λογοθ(έτh/).
Obv.: Cross with tendrils on three steps. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει
Rev.: Λέοντι β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθαρίῳ (καi;) γενικ(ῷ) λογοθέτh/.
Remarks: Photo 43-44 on p. 205. Unpublished.
45. Proposed date: First half-middle of the Xth c.
Obv.: Inscribed cruciform invocative monogram (type X): Θεοτόκε βοήθει
Rev.: ...mαγίστρῳ...(καi;) γενικ(ῷ) λογοθέτh/.
46. Proposed date: X c. (first half).
Obv.: Cruciform monogram: Παύλῳ, in quarters: pατρικίῳ. Circular inscrip-
tion: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: τῷ Μονοmάχῳ, in quarters: καi; γενικῷ. Circular
inscription: βασιλικῷ pρωτοσpαθαρίῳ.
Remarks: Photo 46 on 205. Unpublished. Cf. Jordanov, Preslav, no. 127.
47. Proposed date: X c. (second half).
Obv.: Bust of St. Michael. Circular inscription: Ἀρχάγγελe βοήθει τῷ σῷ
δούλῳ
Rev.: Ε... βασιλικῷ pρωτοσpαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;) γενικ(ῷ) λογοθ(έτh/).
Remarks: Photo 47 on 205. Unpublished.
N. Alekseenko, “Bulla patriarha Nikolaja Mistika iz Hersona,” Drevnosti 2004

(Charkov, 2004), 260-264.
Proposed date: X c. (first quarter).
Obv.: The Virgin Hodegetria enthroned. Circular inscription: ‛Υpεραγία
Θεοτόκε βοήθει
Rev.: Νικολάῳ αjρχιepισκόpῳ Κωνσταντινουpόλεως Νέας ‛Ρώmης.
Remarks: Photo on p. 260. Unpublished. Cf. Zacos, Seals II, no. 10b.
102
N. Alekseenko, “Činovniki Balkano-maloazijskogo regiona na molivdovulah

Hersonskogo arhiva,” Numizmatičny i sfragističny prinosi k’m istorijata na
zapadnoto Černomorie. Meždunarodnaja konferencija. Varna 12-15 septemvri
2001 g. (Varna, 2004), 265-275. All seals found in Cherson. Only the unpublished
seals are preserved.
1. Proposed date: 610-641.
Obv.: In upper part Herakleios, Herakleios Constantine and Heraklonas (?)
standing. Below figures: Θεοδώρου ajpo; uJpάτων κοmmερκιαρίου...κ...ο...
Rev.: Imprint of burlap.
Obv.: In upper part Herakleios, Herakleios Constantine and Heraklonas (?)
standing. Below the figures there are traces of an inscription.
Remarks: Photo 2 on p. 266. Cf. Seyrig, no. 147.
Obv.: In the center Constans II standing. In the field left and right vertical
inscriptions: Σεργίου || Θεοδώρου. Circular inscription: ajpo; ejpάρχων
(καi;) γενικῶν κοmmερκιαρίων.
Remarks: Photo 3 on p. 266. Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 135.
4. Proposed date: Late IX c.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ
δούλῳ
Rev.: Dηmητρίῳ βασιλικῷ κανδιδάτῳ (καi;) διουκητh'/ Μυτιλήνης.
Obv.: Cross with tendrils on three steps. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει
Rev.: Λέοντι ojστιαρίῳ βασιλικῷ δηαταρίῳ (καi;) ejpισκεpτιvτh/ τοu' ‛Ηεροu'.
6. Proposed date: Late IX-early X c.
Obv.: Bust of St. Nicholas. Circular inscription: Ἅγ(ιε) Νικολάε βοήθει
Rev.: Μιχαh;λ pατρικίῳ βασιλικῷ pρωτοσpαθαρίῳ καi; στρατηγῷ Θεσ-
(σ)αλ(ονίκης).
Remarks: Photo 15 on p. 272. Cf. DOSeals 1.18.72.
Obv.: Inscribed cruciform invocative monogram (type XII): Κύριε βοήθει
Rev.: Ἰωάννh/ στρατηγῷ ‛Ελλάδος τῷ Προτεύoντι.
103
N. Alekseenko, “Pečat’hersonskogo episkopa epohi ikonoborčestva,” Kul’tovye

pamjatniki v mirovoj kul’ture: arheologičeskij, istoričeskij i filosofskij aspekty
(Sevastopol, 2004), 4-7.
Proposed date: IX c. (first half).
Obv.: Cross. Traces of a circular inscription.
Rev.: Cross. Circular inscription: ...ejpισκόpῳ Χερσόνος.
Remarks: Photo 1,1 on p. 7. Found in Cherson.
N. Alekseenko, ”Defensor civitatis (ἔκδικος) i ego rol’ v upravlenčeskom apparate

Hersona IX v.,” ADSV 36 (2005), 67-75.
1-3. Proposed date: Late IX-early X c.
σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Νικιφόρῳ β(ασιλικῷ) κανδιδάτῳ (καi;) ejκδήκου Χερσόνος ajmήν.
Remarks: Found in Cherson. Photo 1-3 on p. 75. Unpublished.
N. Alekseenko, “Herson na Hazarsko-vizantijskom pograniče v načale IX v.

Pečati kirov,” Bosporskie issledovanija IX (Simferopol-Kerch, 2005), 212-220.
Proposed date: IX c. (first half).
Obv.: Invocative monogram, Laurent, type V. Tetragram.
Rev.: Ζωίλῳ βασιλικῷ uJpάτῳ καi; κυρῷ/ Χερσw'νος.
N. Alekseenko, “Pater polisa Hersona i ego rol’ v imperskoj administracii v

Tavrike,” Drevnosti 2005 (Charkov, 2005), 58-63.
Proposed date: X c.(first half).
Obv.: Patriarchal cross with tendrils on steps. Circular inscription: Κύριε
Rev.: Σeργίου πατρός πόλεως Χερσόνος.
Remarks: Photo on p. 58. Unpublished.
N. Alekseenko, “Dožnost’ ek prosopou Hersona v strukture vizantijskoj admini-

stracii Tavriki,” Sugdejskij sbornik 2 (Kiev-Sudak, 2005), 7-11.
Proposed date: Late IX-early X c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Nikopoios. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ
σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: +Σεργίῳ β(ασιλικῷ) σpαθαροκανδιδάτῳ (καi;) ejκ pροσόpου Χερσόνος.
Remarks: Photo on p. 7.
N. Alekseenko, “Korsun’skie vrata – kak otobraženie kul’ta “svjatyh mest” v

vizantijskoj sfragistike,” Sacrum et profanum I: Kul’t “svjatyh mest” v drevnih i
sovremennyh religijah (Sevastopol, 2005), 11-15.
Proposed date: X/XI c.
Obv.: City gate with a church. Inscription: Χερσῶνος.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Ἰωάννh/ pρωτοσpαθαρίῳ καi; στρατηγῷ.
Remarks: Photo on p.15. Found in Cherson.
104
N. Alekseenko, “Vizantijskaja administracija na Vospore vo vtoroj polovine X v.

(po dannym pamjatnikov sfragistiki),” MAIET 12 (2006), 364-370.
Proposed date: Late X-early XI c.
Obv.: Bust of St. Philip.
Rev.: +Λέοντι β(ασιλικῷ) σpαθ(αρίῳ) (καi;) τρουmάρχι Γωτθίας.
Remarks: Photo on p. 567. Found in Kerch.
A. Gertsen, N. Alekseenko, “Vizantijskie molivdovuly iz raskopok Mangup-Kale,”

ADSV 33 (2002), 59-65.
Proposed date: VII c. (second quarter).
Obv.: Dωροθέου pατρικίου
Rev.: (καi;) βασιλικοu' λογοθέτου.
Remarks: Photo 1. Unpublished.
A. Bryer, A. Dunn, J. Nesbitt, “Theodoros Gabras, Duke of Chaldia († 1098) and

the Gabrades,” Byzantium. State and Society, in Memory of Nikos Oikonomides,
ed. by A. Avramea, A. Laiou, E. Chrysos, (Athens, 2003), 51-70.
1. Proposed date: XII c.
Obv.: St. George standing.
Rev.: Kuvrie bohvqei Kwnstantivnῳ prwtonobelisivmo to Gabra'/.
Remarks: DO 55.1.3208; DO 58.106.2496.
2. Proposed date: XI c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin orans.
Rev.: Ἰwavnnh" oJ Gabra'".
Remarks: Fogg 2055.
3. Proposed date: XII/XIII c.
Obv.: St. George and St. Demetrios, standing.
Rev.: In the center, monogram of Gabra'". Circular inscription: Ἰwavnnh" oJ
Gabra'".
Remarks: DO 47.2.1155.
Obv.: St. Nicholas and St. George standing.
Rev.: Levonta Gabra'n dua;" aJgivwn skevpoi"/.
Remarks: DO 58.106.5687; Fogg 481.
Obv.: Bust of St. Nicholas.
Rev.: Levwn spaqarokandida'to" kai; cilivarco" oJ Gabra'".
Remarks: DO 58.106.2158.
6. Proposed date: XI/XII c.
Obv.: The Virgin seated on a throne holding on her knees the Child
standing.
Rev.: Nikhfovrou sfravgisma Gabra' tugcavnw.
Remarks: DO 47.2.1156.
105
Obv.: Bust of St. Theodore.
Rev.: Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ Qeodwvrῳ douki; tῷ Gabra'/.
Remarks: DO 58.106.4974.
8. Proposed date: Before 1098.
Obv.: Bust of St. Theodore the Stratelates.
Rev.: So;n oJmovnumon sebasto;n trismavkar to;n douvka Gabra'n a{gie fivlatte.
Remarks: Barber Institute (Birmingham, 0161B). Provenance: Trebizond.
V. Bulgakova, “Sigillografičeskij kompleks porta Sugdei (materialy podvodnyh

issledovanij 2004-2005),” Sugdejskij sbornik 3 (Kiev-Sudak, 2008), 296-330 (all
seals with photographs).
1. Proposed date: VII-VIII c.
Obv.: R.|0OUAN|AT
Rev.: ... ejpiskovpou Ἀmavstrh".
Remarks: The name of the bishopric is dubious.
2. Proposed date: VII (second half)-VIII (first half) c.
Obv.: ...Ἀnastasivou (?) basilikou' ...
Rev.: ...|.0ASV|.0S.
3. Proposed date: VIII c.
Obv.: Inscribed cruciform invocative monogram: Qeotovke bohvqei tῷ sῷ
douvlῳ.
Rev.: Qeofulavktῳ (?) ... kai; genikῷ logoqevth/.
Remarks: Perhaps the same personage as Zacos-Veglery, no. 2546.
Obv.: Inscribed cruciform monogram: Qeotovke bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ
Rev.: ... patrikivῳ ...
5. Proposed date: VIII c. (first half).
Obv.: Theotokos Hodegetria standing.
Rev.: +Ἰwavnnou ejpiskovpou Cersῶno".
6. Proposed date: VIII-IX c.
douvlῳ.
Rev.: ...|.0KV|.KI
7. Proposed date: IX c. (second third).
douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Grhgorivῳ basilikῷ spaqarivῳ kai; ἄrconti Cersw'no".
Remarks: Two examples from different boulloteria. Many seals of this archon
were found in Cherson.
8. Proposed date: IX c. (70s-80s)
douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Kwnstantivnῳ basilikῷ spaqarivῳ kai; ἄrconti Cersw'no".
Remarks: Crude letters for the inscription. Many seals of this archon were
found in Cherson.
106
9. Proposed date: IX-X c.

Obv.: Illegible.
Rev.: ... spaqarivῳ ...
Obv.: Ornamental (?) patriarchal cross on three steps. Circular invocation:
+Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Qeodwvrῳ basilikῷ prwtospaqarivῳ kai; genikῷ logoqevth/.
Remarks: Other seals from the same Theodore in Laurent, Corpus II,
nos. 314-315.
Obv.: Indistinct patriarchal cross.
Rev.: +Ἰwavnnh/ basilikῷ prwtospaqarivῳ kai; genikῷ logoqevth/.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross with short tendrils. Circular invocation: +Kuvrie
bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Nikolavῳ magivstrῳ ajnqupavtῳ patrikivῳ basilikῷ prwtospaqarivῳ
kai; genikῷ logoqevth/.
Remarks: Other specimens edited by Laurent, Corpus II, no. 317.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps. Circular invocation: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ
douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Levonti primikhrivῳ basilikῷ prwtospaqarivῳ kai; genikῷ logoqevth/.
Remarks: Reading dubious.
douvlῳ.
Rev.: YEOD.|.V0bKA0N|PITK.8I|.LO|8G...
+Qeodªosivºῳ basilikῷ kandidavtῳ (?) ejpi; tou' koitw'no" (?) kai;
logoqevth/ tou' genikou' (?)
Remarks: Reading dubious.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on four steps. Circular invocation: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ
sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Kwnstantivnῳ basilikῷ spaqarokandidavtῳ kai; kommerkiarivῳ
Cersῶno".
Remarks: Last third of the IX c.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross with tendrils.
Rev.: 0O0S8I0O|.0LOI.HK...|0KOU..S8I0K...|RHOXER0SON|OSKE0T0O0R0T|ON0T...|0M..
... Cersovno" ...
Remarks: 0KOU9M9E0R0K...|RHOXER0SON|OS: kommerkiarhvo/ Cersw'no" ke;...
107

Obv.: Patriarchal cross with tendrils.
Rev.: Basileivῳ notarivῳ ajmivn.
douvlῳ.
Rev.: Ἰwavnnh/ spaqarivῳ kai; strathgῷ.
douvlῳ.
Rev.: +PE0T8R0O|NAS0P0A8R|...|0A...
+Petrona/' prwtospaqarivῳ (?) ...
Remarks: Second half of the IX c. Perhaps Petronas Kamateros, the first
strategos of the Klimata.
Obv.: Patriarchal (?) cross on steps.
Rev.: ... basilikῷ spaqarivῳ ...
Remarks: The end could be read OIAI|.TVRI for koiaivstwri.
21. Proposed date: X c. (second-third quarter).
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps with floral ornaments. Circular invocation:
+Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Ἰwavnnh/ basilikῷ prwtospaqarivῳ kai; strathgῷ Cersw'no".
22. Proposed date: X-XI c.
Obv.: Indistinct. Circular invocation : DwL (?)
Rev.: NIK..|..b|...
Nikolavῳ (?) basilikῷ spaqarivῳ (?) ...
Remarks: Half of a seal in a bad condition.
23. Proposed date: X-early XI c.
Obv.: Bust of the Theotokos or of a saint. Circular invocation: +Kuvrie bohvqei
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Grhgorivῳ basilikῷ prwtospaqarivῳ ...
24. Proposed date: X-early XI c.
Obv.: Indistinct. Circular invocation: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: NIK|0Y.|V
Nikªolavῳº spaqarivῳ (?)...
25. Proposed date: End X-early XI.
Obv.: Bust of a saint (Kyrillos ?) holding the Gospel in the left hand, blessing
with the right hand (?). Circular invocation: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ
douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ Kurivllῳ.
108

Obv.: Archangel standing in imperial dress. Illegible text on the left.
Rev.: ...|...|...|M0HN0E|0A..8G|.AH0L
... Micahvl (?).
Obv.: Young beardless military saint standing: the hair reaches only up to the
ears (perhaps St. Demetrios).
Rev.: .0b0Y2|0SVD.|.0HFO.|STH.|...
Kuvrie bohvqei (?) tῷ sῷ douvlῳ (?) Nikhfovrῳ (?) ...
Remarks: Very incertain reading.
Obv.: Bust of a military saint or of a holy bishop.
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei jIwavnnh/ prwtospaqarivῳ kai; strathgῷ tῷ ...
Remarks: The last word KAL or KLA ?
29. Proposed date: XI c. (first half).
Obv.: Bust of a bearded military saint (St. Theodore?).
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei Ἰwavnnh/ primikhrivῳ kai; strathgῷ Sougdaiva".
Remarks: Patrikios is also possible.
Obv.: Bust of St. George.
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei Gewrghvῳ prwtospaqarivῳ kai; strathgῷ Sogdoiva"
tῷ Mouselhv.
Obv.: Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ Grhgorivῳ.
Rev.: 0bE..|AR2=ST|.0T8G0SR|V.|...
bestavrch/ (?) kai; strathgῷ (?) ...
Remarks: Perhaps a strategos of Cherson.
Obv.: Bust of the Theotokos Nikopoios (?).
Rev.: .0E.0NT|NYUPPRI|0KA.TVR|...T0A0P8I0T|.0A8R=0TA0N|M0ART|0XAN0H
Levonti (?) ajnqupavtῳ patrikivῳ ...
33. Proposed date: XI c. (second half).
Obv.: Bust of the Theotokos Hodegetria-Dexiokratousa.
Rev.: Qeotovke bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ Eujmorfivῳ prwtospaqarivῳ
tagmatofuvlaki kai; strathgῷ tῷ Pediashvmῳ.
Obv.: Metrical inscription: +To;n Melissino;n Micah;l uJpogravfw
Rev.: Metrical inscription: ijllouvstrion kai; stratigo;n dou'lon Cristou'.
Remarks: Others specimens : DO 58.106.5666, DO 55.1.4051 and Zacos
(BnF) 949.
Obv.: Bust of Archangel Michael: Ἀrcavggelo" Micahvl.
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ Nikhvta/ tῷ ...
109
36a. Proposed date: XI c. (second half).

Obv.: Bust of a military saint (St. Theodore stratelates?). On the left: O
0 -TR-0A
Rev.: ... proevdrῳ kai; genikῷ logoqevth/.
36b. XI c. (second half).

Obv.: Bust of a military saint (St. Theodore stratelates?). Illegible text on
both sides.
Rev.: Qeodwvrῳ proevdrῳ kai; genikῷ logoqevth/.
Obv.: Bust of a military saint or the Theotokos.
Rev.: Kuvrie bohvqei Qeodwvrῳ proevdrῳ ...
38. Proposed date: XI c. (last third).
Obv.: St. Theodore standing: Ὁ ἅgio" Qeovdwro".
Rev.: Bust of Theotokos Episkepsis (?): Mhvthr Qeou'. Circular inscription:
+Qeotovke bohvqei Qeodwvrῳ tῷ Mavtzari.
Obv.: Bust of a bearded military saint (St. Theodore?)
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ Dabi;d ἄrconti Ῥwsiva".
Remarks: David Igorevič (ca. 1058-1112), prince of Tmutarakan.
Obv.: Archangel Michael standing.
Rev.: Kuvrie bohvqei Micah;l ἄrconti Matravcwn, Ziciva" kai; pavsh"
Cazariva".
Remarks: Perhaps, Oleg-Michael Svjatoslavič, prince of Tmutarakan.
41. Proposed date: XI (second half)-XII c.
Obv.: Bust of a holy martyr, holding a cross in the right hand.
Rev.: ...|...|TO..|OMOK0A|.UKAN
Obv.: Archangel (Michael) standing: Ἀrcavggelo".
Rev.: .E..|.IKwM|0D0DIv|v0TvS|...
Obv.: Bust (?) of a military saint. Illegible text on the right (?).
Rev.: Metrical (?) inscription: Skevpoi" me Micah;l tῷ (?) ...
Obv.: A bearded military saint standing. Illegible text on the left.
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei Ἰwavnnh/ spaqarivῳ (?)...
Remarks: The dignity was perhaps spaqarokoubikoularivῳ.
Obv.: Bust of a holy bishop. Illegible text on both sides.
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ Nikolavῳ.
Obv.: Bust of a young saint. Illegible text on the right.
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei Nikolavῳ ...
110

Obv.: A holy bishop standing. Traces of text on the left.
Rev.: +KEbO|HYE8IMH|OUL8IV|...
+Kuvrie bohvqei ...

Obv.: Bust of a bearded military saint in armour.
Rev.: .0KE|.H0Y8I8R0O|0H|...|...
+Kuvrie bohvqei (?) Ῥomanῷ (?) ...
Obv.: Bust of a saint with a pointed beard (holy bishop?). Traces of text on
both sides (?).
Rev.: Letter " A ".
Remarks: Probably a tessera.
50. Proposed date: XI (second half)-XII (first half) c.
Obv.: Bust of a military saint.
Rev.: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ Nikhvta/ magivstrῳ tῷ ...
Obv.: Metrical inscription: +Sfragi;" Ἰwavnnou -
Rev.: Metrical inscription: tou' Nomopoivdato".
Obv.: Bust of the Theotokos Episkepsis: Mhvthr Qeou'.
Rev.: SFRA|8IS0UA.8R|IAS0O0K0N|HIOD0H..|.IDTHS|..
Sfragi;" ...
Obv.: Two military saints standing: the saint on the left is bearded
(St. Theodore?), the saint on the right is beardless (St. George ?).
Rev.: Metrical inscription: 8G8R0A..|.V.0A..0P|0DELFVN|SFRA8G8I0S|...
Grafw'n (?) ... ajdelfw'n sfragi;" (?) ...
54. Proposed date: XII c. (first half).
Obv.: St. George standing: Ὁ ἅgio" Gewvrgio".
Rev.: Metrical inscription: Skevpoi" me mavrtu" Koskina'n Kwnstanti'non.
Remarks: Several specimen known (Laurent, Vatican, no. 182).
V. Bulgurlu, “Halûk Perk Koleksiyon’unda Bulunan Dört Bizans Kurhun

Mühürü,” Sevgi Gönül Hatıra Sayısı, ed. by H. Perk, H. Öztürk (Istanbul, 2005),
45-49 (all seals with photographs).
1. Proposed date: VII c.
Obv.: Eagle with open and upturned wings. Cruciform invocative monogram:
Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: +tou' douvlou sou Ἰwavnnou.
111

Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram: Kuvrie bohvqei. In the quarters: tῷ
sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: ª+Levºwntªh/º drougarivῳ +
3. Proposed date: VIII-IX c.
Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram: Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: +Qwmᾷ ajshkrh'ti"+
Obv.: Bust of St. Theodore: Ὁ ἅ(gio") Qewvdoro".
Rev.: +K(uvri)e bohvqu to;n dou'lon sou Nikhfovro" oJ Luvko".
V. Bulgurlu, “Halûk Perk Müze Koleksiyonu’nda Bulunan Dört Bizans Imparator

Kurhun Mühürü (Four Byzantine imperial lead seals from the Halûk Perk
Collection),” Tuliya I, Halûk Perk Müzesi (Istanbul, 2005), 251-260.
Obv.: Bust of Christ ªἘmmaºnouhvl.
Rev.: Bust of the emperor Isaakios Komnenos. Circular inscription:
ª+Ἰºsaavkioª" baºsileu;" ÔRwmªaivwnº.
Remarks: Parallel to Zacos-Veglery, no. 86c.
Obv.: Christ enthroned. Circular inscription: Ἐmmaªnouhvlº.
Rev.: The Virgin (r.), crowning the emperor Constantine Doukas ( l.), both stan-
ding. Circular inscription: ª+Kwn(stanti'no") bas(i)l(eu;")º oJ Douvka".
Remarks: Several specimen known: Schlumberger, Sig., 421; Zacos-Veglery,
no. 88a; DOSeals 6.78.2. Date: perhaps 1065-1067.
Obv.: Christ enthroned.
Rev.: The emperor Nikephoros Melissenos standing. Circular inscription:
+Nikhfovr(o") aujt(o)k(rav)twr Ῥwmevwn oJ Melishnwv".
Remarks: Parallel to Zacos-Veglery, no. 99; cf. DOSeals 6.86.1
Obv.: Bust of Christ.
Rev.: Bust of the emperor Alexios Komnenos. Inscription: Ἀlexivῳ desp(ov)t(h/).
Remarks: Usually on the seals of Alexios, Christ is seated on a high-back
throne.
B. Callegher, “Sigillo di Leone Pereno, magister et dux di tutto l'Occidente,” One

Land - Many Cultures. Archaeological Studies in Honour of S. Loffreda, ed. by
G. C. Bottini, L. Di Segni and L. D. Chrupcala (Jerusalem, 2003), 371-372 (with
photo).
Proposed date: XI c. (after 1067).
Obv.: Bust of theTheotokos orans with bust of Christ. M(hvth)r Q(eo)u'.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e bohvqei Levont(i) magivstrῳ kai; douki; pavsh" D(uv)s(ew)" tῷ
Perhn(ῷ).
Remarks: Parallel specimen: Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 570.
112
B. Callegher, “Un sigillo di Liutprando,” Anulus sui effigii. Identità e reppresen-

tazione negli anelli-sigillo longobardo. Atti della giornata di studio Milano,
Università Cattolica, 29 aprile 2004 (Milan, 2006), 59-68.
Proposed date: 751-758.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin orans with medallion, between two crosses.
Rev.: Block monogram with letters: A I \ ¡ N U R b T (?).
Remarks: Museo Correr, Venezia. Liutprand dux or rex.
J. - Cl. Cheynet, Sceaux de la collection Khoury, RN 159 (2003), 475-512 (all with

photographs). Almost all seals were bought in the province of Antioch by the
father of the collector.
1. Basil II and Constantine VIII.

The same type as Zacos-Veglery, no. 76; Seibt, Bleisiegel, no. 18.
2. Romanos IV Diogenes, Eudocia, Michael VII, Constantine and Andronikos.
The same type as Zacos-Veglery, no. 93
Obv.: Inscribed cruciform invocative monogram: K(uvri)e, oJ Q(eo;)" hJmῶn,
b(ohv)ªq(ei)º.
Rev.: ªNºikhvta/ ªuJºpavtῳ ª(kai;) dºroug(g)ªarivῳº.
Remarks: Parallel specimen : Zacos-Veglery, no. 3154.
4. Proposed date: IX c. (first half).
Obv.: Inscribed cruciform invocative monogram (type V): Qeotovke bohvqei
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: ªGºeorgivῳ b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spaqar(ivῳ) (kai;) droung(arivῳ) tªou'
∆Eºgaivou Pel(avgou").
5. Proposed date: XI c. (middle).
Obv.: St. Michael standing.
Rev.: Qewdovr(ῳ) b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spaq(arivῳ) (kai;) stratigῷ Ἀdavna(").
Rev.: Georg(ivῳ) kastr(o)f(uv)laka t(ou') Ἁgiv(ou) Dimhtriv(ou) or t(ῷ)
Ἁgi(o)dimhtri(wvth/).
Remarks: W. Seibt [BZ 98/1 (2005), 318] prefers the second solution.
Obv.: Bust of a holy bishop, perhaps Basil.
Rev.: K(uvri)e bohv(qei) Basil(e)ivῳ proevdrῳ ª(kai;)º douki; t(ῷ) Ἀpokavpªh/º.
8. Proposed date: XI c. (end).
Obv.: St Theodore, standing.
Rev.: Basivleion sebasto;(n) (kai;) douvka sªkºevpoi".
Remarks: The attribution to Basil Apokapes is not sure (W. Seibt, ibidem).
113
9. Proposed date: VI c. (middle).

Obv.: Bust of the emperor Justinian I.
Rev.: Micah;l Mariva" (?) Ἀreobivndou koªm(merkiarivwn)º Tªuvrouº.
Remarks: Parallel specimen, Seyrig, no. 141. W. Seibt (ibidem) reads HRIA,
perhaps an Iranian name.
Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram (type V) without inscriptions in the
quarters: Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: Qeodwvªrºῳ dioªikºith'/.
Obv.: In the center of the field, a camel with a rider. Circular inscription:
K(uvri)e ªbohvqei tῷ sῷ dºouvl(ῳ).
Rev.: +K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) M(i)c(ah;l) spaq(a)r(o)kand(idavtῳ) krit(h/') ejpi;
t(ou') iJJppod(rovmou) (kai;) t(ou') Likand(ou').
Obv.: +K(uvri)e bohv(qei) tῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Ἀbramivªῳº spaq(aro)-
Rev.: kaªnd(i)d(avtῳ)º ajshkªrh'ºtªi" k(ai;) ejkº pªrosºwvpou ª ...
Remarks: The owner of this seal was perhaps Abramios Apolethes (?)
ek prosopou of Antioch [J.-Cl. Cheynet, Sceaux de la collection Zacos
(Bibliothèque nationale de France) se rapportant aux provinces orientales de
l'Empire byzantin (Paris, 2001), no. 7].
13. Proposed date: XI c. (second third).
Obv.: Bust of St. Niketas.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e b(ohv)ªq(ei)º tῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Nikhvta/ koubikoul(a)rhvῳ.
14. Proposed date: VI-VII c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin (?).
Rev.: Cruciform monogram which is read as Eujtucianou' uJpavtou.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram of ∆Iwavnnou.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram of uJpavtou.
Remarks: Parallel specimen: Zacos-Veglery, no. 382.
Rev.: +Toªrnºivkho(") ªsºpaqar-ª
Remarks: Perhaps (prwto)spaqavrio".
Obv.: +K(uvri)e b(o)hvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ
Rev.: Povqῳ p(at)rikivῳ to/' Ἀrgurῷ.
Remarks: Perhaps an earlier datation.
Obv.: St George, standing.
Rev.: ª+ºK(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Cristwdouvlῳ (prwto)-
spaqa(rivῳ) ejpi; tou' cr(uso)(tri)kl(ivnou) (kai;) uJpavto/ tῷ Antiocivti/.
114
19. Proposed date: ca 1071-1078.

Obv.: +K(uvri)e bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ ∆Iwavnnh/
Rev.: basileopavtori tῷ Douvka/.
Remarks: John Doukas was the brother of Constantine X. Parallel specimen:
Zacos-Veglery, no. 2684.
20. Proposed date.: ca 1070-1072.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin with the Medallion of the Child.
Rev.: +Q(eotov)ke b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Kourseliv(ῳ) bevst(h/) tῷ ªFrºago/.
Remarks: The reading of the names is not sure.
Obv.: St. Theodore standing.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e ªb(ohv)ºq(ei) t(ῷ) ªsῷº douv(lῳ) Qeodwvr(ῳ) (prwto)spa(qarivῳ)
(kai;) uJp(av)tῳ t(ῷ) ª..or(.).
Obv.: St. John the Baptist standing.
Rev.: Q(eotov)ke b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Micah;l (prwto)spaqar(ivῳ) ejpi;
t(ou') crusoªtriklivnouº.
Obv.: Bust of St. Menas.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Ἀbramivῳ m(ht)ropol(iv)t(h/) Ἀdavnh".
Remarks: Laurent, Corpus V, 2, no. 1556.
Obv.: Bust of the patriarch. Circular inscription : +Aimericus patriarcha
An[tiocen]us.
Rev.: Bust of St. Peter. Circular inscription: + Sigill[um] Sancti Pe[t]ri
Apostoli.
Remarks: Several specimens known [e.g. G. Glücksmann and R. Kool,
Crusader Period Find from the Temple Mount Excavations in Jerusalem,
Atiqot 26 (1995), no. 5].
Obv.: Bust of St. Nicholas. Circular inscription: +Q(eotov)ke bohvqei tῷ ªsῷº
dªouvlºῳ.
Rev.: Nikolavῳ monacªῷ... ºsiva".
26. Proposed date: VI/VII c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin with bust of Christ.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram. Possible solution: Eujmolpivou.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin with a crown.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram of Megavlou.
Remarks: Several specimens known.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin between two small crosses.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram. Possible solutions: Damianou' or Aijmilianou'.
115

Obv.: Bust of the Virgin with the bust of Christ.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram of Kwnstantivnou.
Obv.: Holy horseman, probably Theodore, with a spear striking an animal.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram of ∆Iwavnnou.
Obv.: Invocative cruciform monogram of Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram. Possible solution: Barsanoufivou.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ d(ouvlῳ) Nikolavῳ.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, orans, with the medallion.
Rev.: +Q(eotov)ke b(ohv)q(ei) Ἀndron(iv)kῳ tῷ Lebounªavºkh/.
Rev.: In the center, monogram of Tornikivῳ. Circular inscription: +K(uvri)e
bohvq(ei) tῷ ªdºouvlῳ sou Twrnivkh/.
Remarks. The same monogram is found on the seal of Tornikios Barasbatze
(Seyrig, no. 63). Probably this seal also belonged to him.
Obv.: Bust of military Saint, probably George.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Gewrgivo/ t(ῷ) ...
Obv.: Patriarchal cross with letters at the end of the arms. Perhaps a monogram
to be read as Dabivdou.
Rev.: +Grafa;" sfragivzw ª(kai;) lovºgou" ª...ºouª.ºavph/.
Remarks. Perhaps tou' Koujl(ev)ph.
Obv.: Greek cross with sigla 6I5S - 6X5S. In the lower quarters, St. Paul and
St. Peter.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e bohv(qei) t(ῷ) douv(lῳ) sou Tzotz..
Remarks: Perhaps the Greek form of the Latin name Joscelinus.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram. Possible solution: ∆Ennodivou.
Rev.: The same monogram.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin with the Child, between two small crosses.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram with the letters A D e K N O U X F. Perhaps
a deacon. For his name, no solution proposed.
Obv.: Block monogram formed on a P with the letters A e O U. Uncertain
solutions: Pauvlou, Pelagivou, Ἀpelavtou.
Rev.: Conic.
Remarks: Many specimen of this seal are known from the region of Antioch
(Cheynet, Antioche, no. 141).
116

Rev.: Cruciform monogram with the letters A E Y R U. Uncertain solution:
Aijqerivou.
Obv.: Perhaps a bust of the Virgin.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram with the letters D Y R U V. Probable solution:
Qeodwvrou.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin with a little cross on her chest.
Rev.: Only some letters are readable: +..... |SKEP9E.|.....
Obv.: Bust of a holy bishop holding a little cross.
Rev.: ªQ(eotov)ºke bohvªq(e)iº tῷ sῷ dªoºuvlῳ .|..9L9D
Remarks: The name was perhaps Baldwin.
Obv.: The Virgin standing, holding the Child on her left arm.
Rev.: +K9E..|R0O9CHM|...T.0Z.|..X..|.9v
Remarks: The name is impossible to read.
Rev.: Uniface.
Obv.: St. Theodore (?) standing.
Rev.: Another military Saint standing, perhaps George.
48. Proposed date: VI /VII c.
Obv.: Bust of a Saint holding a spear.
Rev.: Legend in Arabic (?)
Gold ring with a monogram with the letters S e O R U. Probable solutions:
Seuerivou or Sergivou.
J.-Cl. Cheynet, “Note sur le comte et le paraphylax d’Abydos (VIe-VIIIe s.),”

Famille, violence et christianisation au Moyen Âge, Mélanges offerts à Michel
Rouche (Paris, 2005), 377-386.
1. Proposed date: VII c. (end)/VIIIc. (beginning).
Obv.: ª+Kwnstanºtivnou bestivtor(o")
Rev.: ª(kai;)º kovmito" Ἀbuvdou.
Remarks: IFEB 1012, ill., 379.
Obv.: +Leontivou ijllª(oustrivou)º trakt(e)utou' Nhvªswnº.
Rev.: +Leontivou ijll(oustrivou) (kai;) kovmito" Ἀbuvdªoºu.
Remarks: Zacos (BnF) 1369, ill., 379.
117
3. Proposed date: VI c./VII c.

Obv.: Cruciform monogram: ∆Iwavnnou (type Zacos 249).
Rev.: +ªcarºtoulaªrºivou Ἀbªuvºdou.
Remarks: Zacos (BnF) 2830, Ill., 382.
Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei.
Circular inscription: Qeoktivsªtºῳ uJpavtῳ.
Rev.: +(kai;) parafuvlaki Ἀbuvdou.
Remarks: Zacos (BnF) 4344, ill. 383.
Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: +Qeªoºfavn(h/) parafuv(laki) Ἀbuvd(ou).
Remarks: Zacos (BnF) 2683, ill. 384.
J.-Cl. Cheynet, “Note sur l'épi tou koitônos,” Zwischen Polis, Provinz und
Peripherie. Beiträge zur byzantinischen Geschichte und Kultur, ed. L. M. Hoffman
et A. Monchizadeh (Wiesbaden, 2005), 215-225.
In the XIth c., the epi tou koitonos were not always eunuchs.
J.-Cl. Cheynet, “Les sceaux des impératrices à Byzance,” Auctoritas. Mélanges

offerts au professeur Olivier Guillot. Études réunies par G. Constable et M. Rouche
(Paris 2006), 397-408.
It is a short study about the personal seals preserved of the empresses who run the
Empire or who were only the wifes of the emperor.
C. Chiriac, “Un sigiliu bizantin inedit descoperit la Oltina (jud. Constanta),”

Arheologia Moldovei XXIII-XXIV (2000-2001), 343-348.
C. Chiriac, “Un nouveau sceau de Grégorios Mavrokatakalon découvert à Oltina

(départ. de Constanta),” Études byzantines et post-byzantines 4 (2001), 113-121.
The same seal in the two articles.
Proposed date: After 1081-1091.
Obv.: St. Demetrios standing: ªὉ ἅgio" Dhmhvºtrio".
Rev.: +Kª(uvri)e bohvºq(ei) Grigªorivῳº patriªkºivῳ ajnqupavt(ῳ) ª(kai;)º
katepavnªῳº t(ῷ) Mªaºur(o)katªavºkal(on).
Remarks: Photo. Seal found in the ruins of a Byzantine fort near Oltina. We
know ten other seals of the same person, some of them discovered at Preslav,
Silistra (Dristra) and Isaccea (Noviodunum).
C. Chiriac, “Două sigilii bizantine inedite de la Noviodunum (Isaccea, jud. Tulcea),”

Arheologia Moldovei 25 (2002), 271-273 (both seals with photo).
Obv.: Theotokos Hodegetria: Mhv(th)r Q(eo)u' - Ἰ(hsou')" C(ristov)". Circular
inscription: ª+Q(eotov)keº b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ ªdouvºlῳ.
Rev.: Levonti mhtropolivth/ Laodikeivaª"º.
Remarks: Found at Noviodunum.
118

Obv.: Bust of St. Nicolas: Ὁ ἅ(gio") Niªkovlºaªo"º.
Rev.: ª+ºK(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) ªtºῷ sῷ d(ouvlῳ) Fwthvῳ (prwto)spaq(arivῳ).
Remarks: Found at Noviodunum.
C. Chiriac, “The first Byzantine seal (6th - 7th c.) found at Ibida (Slava Rusa, Tulcea
county),” Études byzantines et post-byzantines 5 (2006), 207-210.
Proposed date : VI-VII c.
Obv.: Compact monogram of Filippikou'.
Rev.: Compact monogram of patrikivou.
Remarks: Perhaps the general and brother-in-law of the emperor Maurice.
Ed. of another specimen: Zacos-Veglery, no. 468.
J. Cotsonis, “The Contribution of Byzantine Lead Seals to the Study of the Cult of the
Saints (Sixth-Twelfth Century),” Byzantion 75 (2005), 383-497 (with 14 photos).
The author studied 7284 seals bearing religious figural iconography: Christ, the
Virgin, saints, and Christological scenes.
J. Cotsonis, J. Nesbitt, “An Eleventh-Century Seal with a Representation of

Patriarch Antony II Kauleas,” Byzantion 74 (2004), 517-526.
Proposed date: XI c. (second half).
Obv.: Half-length representation of a bearded St. Antony II Kauleas. On both sides:
Ὁ ἅ(gio") Ἀntwvni(o") ajrc(iepivskopo") Kwnst(a)n(tinoupovlew").
Rev.: Th'" m(o)nh'" tou' Kallivou.
Remarks: Photo on p. 521, no. 1 (photo no. 2: Antony's patriarchal seal
published in Laurent, Corpus V/3, no. 1628). Related to the monastery of
Kauleas (tou Kalliou).The seal might date from the period of the reign of
Patriarch Kosmas I, who retired in 1081 to that monastery.
J. Cotsonis, J. Nesbitt, “A seal of patriarch Nicholas II,” Byzantion 76 (2006),

423-432.
Obv.: The Virgin standing, holding Christ on her left arm (type Hodegetria).
Sigla. Inscription around: Qeotovke bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Nikolavῳ ajrciepiskovpῳ Kwnstantinoupovlew" Neva" ÔRwvmh".
Remarks: Gorny, sale 138 (7 March 2005), no 2674.
T. Gökyıldırım, “Bizans ımparatoru IV. Mikhael'in Kardehi Konstantin'in Mühürü,”

Sevgi Gönül Hatıra Sayısı, ed. by H. Perk, H. Öztürk (Istanbul, 2005), 50-51 (with
photo).
Obv.: +Kwnstanti'n(o") provedr(o") domevstiko".
Rev.: tw'n scolw'n th'" Ἀnatol(h'") kai; dou;x Ἀntioc(eiv)a".
Remarks: Parallel specimen: Seibt, Bleisiegel, no. 35. Constantine was the
brother of the emperor Michael IV.
119
V. Guruleva, “Vtoroe obretenije pamjatnika,” Sfragistika i istorija kul’tury. Sbornik

naučnyh trudov, posvjaščennyj jubileju V. S. Šandrovskoj (St. Petersburg, 2004),
121-129. About history of the gold seal of Constantine II, metropolitan of Russia
(1167-1174).
Remarks: Perhaps a falsification.
V. Guruleva, “Hrisovul Andronika II Paleologa v musee promyšlennosti i iskusstv

im. D. G. Burylina (g. Ivanovo),” Vizantijskaja ideja. Vizantija v epohu Komninov
i Paleologov (St. Petersburg, 2006), 31-36.
Obv.: Christ standing.
Rev.: Emperor Andronikos II standing.
Remarks: Gold seal. Photo 1 on p. 33. Kept in the D. Burylin Museum of
Industry and Arts in the city of Ivanovo (Central Russia).
I. Jordanov, “Seals of Byzantine Logothetes of the Dromos (829-971) found

in Bulgaria,” Pliska-Preslav 10 (2004), 287-299 (in Bulgarian; all seals with
photographs, except no. 8, 9, 10).
Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram: Qeotovke bohvqh. In the quarters: tῷ
sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Qeoktivstῳ patrik(ivῳ) (kai;) logoq(evth/) tou' drovm(ou).
Remarks: Published in Jordanov, Develt, no. VII.12.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross with tendrils. Circular inscription: K(uvri)e bohvqei tῷ
sῷ douvl(ῳ).
Rev.: +Qwma/' patrik(ivῳ) preposivtῳ b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spaq(arivῳ) (kai;)
logoqevt(h/) tou' drovmou.
Remarks: Published in Jordanov, Develt-Addenda, no. 6, 7, 7a.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on four steps. Circular inscription: K(uvri)e bohvqei tῷ
sῷ douvl(ῳ).
Rev.: +Levont(i) magivstr(ῳ) ajnqupavt(ῳ) patrik(ivῳ) (kai;) log(oqevth/) tou'
drov(mou).
Obv.: +Qeotovke b(ohvqei) tῷ sῷ ªdºouvlῳ.
Rev.: Qeokªtºivstῳ pªatºrikhvῳ (kai;) ªlºogoq(evth/) tou' drovmªouº.
Obv.: +Qeotovke bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Levonti kouroªpaºlavti (kai;) loªgºoqevt(h/) tou' drovmou.
10. Proposed date: Ca. 970.
Seal of Symeon magistros and logothetes of the dromos. No transcription.
Remarks: Published in Jordanov, Preslav, no. 128.
120

Obv.: Monogram with rays. Circular inscription: +K(uvri)ªeº bohvqei tῷ ªsºῷ
douvlῳ.
Rev.: Sumew;n magivstro (kai;) logoqevt(h/) tou' drovmou.
11a. Proposed date: Ca. 970.
Obv.: Bust of St. Theodore: ø-.E-O||D-V-RO-S
Rev.: -^-|SUME|ONMAGI|STRO=LO|GOYETW|DRONW|-^-
Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram: Qeotovke bohvqh. In the quarters: ªtºῷ
sªῷº douvlῳ.
Rev.: ªPºantªolºevonti uJp(avtῳ) ª(kai;)º (prwto)not(arivῳ) tªou'º drovm(ou).
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps. Circular inscription: +K(uvri)e bohvqh tῷ sῷ
douvl(ῳ).
Rev.: +Ἰwavnn(h/) b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spaq(arivῳ) (prwto)ashk(rhvth/) (kai;)
(prwto)not(arivῳ) tou' drov(mou).
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Hodegetria. Circular inscription: +Q(eotov)ke boivqi
tῷ sῷ dªouvl(ῳ)º.
Rev.: ªἸw(avnnh/)?º b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spaq(arivῳ) ejpi; tou' ªcr(usotº-
r(iklivnou) (kai;) (prwto)notªa(rivῳ)º tou' dªrov(mou)º.
Obv.: ? +K(uvri)e bohvqh tῷ sῷ ªdouvlῳº.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: ...b(asilikῷ) sªpaq(arivῳ) (kai;)º proªt(o)-
notº(arivῳ) ªtou' dºrovmªouº.
Obv.: Cross. Circular inscription: +K(uvri)e bohvqei ªtῷ sῷ douvlῳº.
Rev.: ªNikºhvtªa/ b(asilikῷ) (prwto)sºpaq(arivῳ) ejªpi; tou'
crºusot(riklivnou) ª(kai;) carºtoul(a)ªr(ivῳ) tou' dºrovm(ou).
Obv.: +K(uvri)e ªb(ohv)q(ei) tºῷ sªῷº douvl(ῳ) Cªriºstof(ovrῳ) (pri)mik(h)rivῳ.
Rev.: kai; cartoularivῳ tou' drovmou th'" Duvsew".
Remarks: Published in Jordanov, Silistra, II, no. 17; Jordanov, Corpus I,
no. 26.11.
I. Koltsida-Makre, “The Representation of the Eagle on lead seals and its

Provenance,” DCAE, 4, vol. 24 (2003), 411-416 (in Greek).
The article is about seals dated from the mid-sixth to the mid-eighth century with
the representation of an eagle with open and upturned wings. After comparison with
121
objects other than seals, the author concludes that this representation is a survival of the
old Roman emblem and that the consular sceptre (scipio) was the source of inspiration
for the representation, from which the image was isolated and used independently.
I. Koltsida-Makri, “The Iconography of the Virgin through Inscriptions on Byzan-

tine Lead Seals of the Athens Numismatic Museum Collections,” Thōrakion:
tomos stē mnēmē tou Paulou Lazaridē, ed. by L. Kypraiou (Athens, 2004),
285- 294 + photos of 12 seals on p. 93-96 (in Greek). English version published in
SBS 8 (2003) 27-38 with two other photos (no. 6 and 14).
D. Koseva, E. Dermendžiev, “Molivdovul ot fonda na Istoričeskija muzej

vuv Veliko Turnovo,” in Numizmatičny i sfragističny prinosi k’m istorijata na
zapadnoto Černomorie. Meğdunarodnaja konferentsija. Varna 12-15 sepremvri
2001 g. (= Acta musei Varnaensis II) (Varna, 2004), 276-278.
Proposed date: XI c.
Rev.: +Qeovd(w)r(o") ªspºaqarª(o)kºandi(da'to") ª(kai;) sºtrªathgo;" ...
Remarks: Seal found in Veliko Tirnovo.
O. Kresten and W. Seibt, “Theophylaktos Exubitos (kein „italienischer Rebell

des späten 10. Jahrhunderts”, sondern μέγας διερμηνευτής unter Kaiser Manuel I.
Komnenos) und seine Siegel,” JÖB 52 (2002), 231-241.
1a-1d. Obv.: Ἐκσuβίτu σφράγισμα.
Rev.: Bust of the owner. Circular inscription: Theofilactου.
2. Obv.: Ἐκσuβίτου σφράγισμα.
Rev.: Bust of the owner. Circular inscription: Theofilactου.
L. Maksimovic, “Trei" diaforetikev" sfragivde",” Klhtovrion eij" mnhvmhn

Nivkou Oijkonomivdh, ed. F. Evangelatou-Notara and T. Maniati-Kokkini (Athens-
Thessaloniki, 2005), 347-351.
1. Proposed date : XI-XII c.
Obv.: +Tou' Ἀlexivou
Rev.: douvlou Cristou'.
Remarks: Found in the forteress of Rason (Serbia). Seal of Constantine
Dalassenos Doukas parallel to Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, 57.
2. Proposed date: XI-XII c.
Obv.: +Ἀlªaºbhvnou douv(lou) C(rist)ªou'º
Rev.: .A|...AR|ZvXV
Remarks: Found in the fortress of Rason (Serbia). The second line of the
reverse is perhaps: SFRAG2
Obv.: St. Michael, standing.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e b(ohv)qei Mic(ah;l) magivstrῳ (kai;) douki; ªpºavsh" Duvseªw"º
tῷ Sar(w)nivth/.
Remarks: Found in the forteress of Bitola. Several specimen known: DOSeals
1.1.20.
122
G. Manganaro, “Sigilli diplomatici bizantini in Sicilia,”Jahrbuch für Numismatik

und Geldgeschichte 53/54 (2003/2004), 73-90 (all seals with photographs). Revised
by V. Prigent who provided the information given below.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram: Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram (image turned a quarter down). Letters: A, D, K,
L, O, P, U. Possible solution: Plakivdou.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram: Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: Ἰwavnnou.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram: Kosma'.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: patrikivou or perhaps uJpatikou'.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei. In the quarters:
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Illegible from the photo.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei. Circular
inscription: +τῷ σῷ δούλῳ.
Rev.: Floral pattern with two stars. Circular inscription: +Levontoς uJpavtou.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei. Circular
inscription: τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Qeodwvrῳ.
Rev.: Circular inscription: b(asilikῷ) spaqarokandidavªtῳº. In the centre:
kai; oijk(i)s(ti)k(ῷ) or perhaps oijk(eivῳ) sk(rivbwni).
Obv.: Ἁgiva ªTºria;" oJ qª(eo;)" hJmo'n ªbºohvqªhº.
Rev.: Circular inscription: ª(kai;) fºuvlatte to;n dou'ªlon souº. In the centre
block monogram (perhaps Staurakivou).
8. Proposed date: VIII c. (first half)?
Obv.: [Ἁgiva] ⁄ Tria;" ⁄ oJ Qeo;" ⁄ bohvqh ⁄ tῷ douv ⁄ lῳ ªs(ou)º.
Rev.: Block monogram around a N (perhaps a deacon).
Remarks: Trinitarian invocation and block monogram on a same seal.
Obv.: +Ἰordavnou +
Rev.: douvl(ou) th'" Qeotovk(ou).
Remarks: Zacos-Veglery, no. 1523.
10-11. Proposed date: VII c.
Obv.: Ἰ+wavnno+u
Rev.: +patrikivo+u
Remarks: Struck with different dies or boulloteria.
123

Obv.: Q+eotovke boeivqh t(ou') d(ouv)lou s(ou).
Rev.: Ö + Ö Ἰwavnnou ajpo ªejºpavrcwn.
13. Proposed date: VII c. (end) - early VIII c.
Obv.: +Qeotovke bohvqh Stefavnῳ.
Rev.: +ªajºpo; ejpavrcwn kai; mandavtori.
14. Proposed date: VII c. (middle).
Obv.: +Sªteºfavªnºou patrikivou (star).
Rev.: (kai;) stratiwtikou' logoqevtou.
Remarks: Zacos-Veglery, no. 1015 (last line: U and two stars), and Laurent,
Corpus II, no. 532 ( U between two stars).
Obv.: Qeªotovke boªhvºqh tῷ dª(ouv)lῳ soªuº+
Rev.: Sergivῳ (?) uJpªavºtῳ (kai;) baªsilikῷ sªpºaqarªivºῳ.
16-18. Proposed date: VI/VII c.
Obv.: +ADEODATI.
Rev.: + P(res)B(yter)I.
Remarks: Struck with different dies or boulloteria.
19-20. Proposed date: VII c. (middle).
Obv.: OPSINIU.
Rev.: BASILICU.
Remarks: Obv.: BASILICU and rev.: OPSICIU.
21. Proposed date: VI c. - VII c.
Obv.: Marini.
Rev.: Marivnou.
Obv.: + | THEODO RI
Rev.: + | EPISC(opi). Block monogram: PANORMI.
Remarks: Cf. the seal of the bishop Felix (attested in 649) with the same
reverse found in Carini (Palermo): C. Greco, I. Garofano, F. Ardizzone,
“Nuove indagini archeologiche nel territorio di Carini,” Kokalos 43-44
(1997-1998), II-I, 658, and pl. 166, no. 1.
Obv.: + Iohannis episcopi.
Rev.: eccl(esiae) Cat(enensium).
Obv.: Cruciform monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei. In the quarters:
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Qeodwvrῳ ejpisk(ovpῳ) Kat(avnh").
Remarks: Other specimens from different boulloteria: Laurent, Corpus V, 1,
no. 894 and G. Libertini, ASSO 1932, 50 = Scritti su Catania antica, ed.
G. Rizza, (Rotary Club Catania, 1981), 99-100 (see A. M. Fallico, “Recenti
apporti alle testimonianze sugli abitati nella Sicilia orientale,” Byzantina- Sicula 4
[Palermo, 2002] 703).
124

tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Mamavlou hJgumhvnou Baivwn.
Remarks: Monastery of St. Peter ad Baias (Siracusa).
26. Proposed date: VIII c. (end)?
Obv.: Cruciform monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei. In the
quarters: tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Ἀnastasivῳ uJp(avtῳ) k(ai;) b(asilikῷ) spªaºqaroka(ndidavtῳ)
ajmhvn.
27. Proposed date: VIII c. (end)?
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: .... ⁄ ..a... ⁄ w uJp(avtῳ) sp(aqaro)ka(ndidavtῳ) k(ai;) b(asilikῷ)
ajªsaºpavnh/.
Remarks: Zacos-Veglery, no. 2232 reads ajsavbani. The function is attested
on a sicilian inscription.
Stefavnῳ.
Rev.: + basilikῷ spaqarivῳ +
29. Proposed date: Around 800.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Gewrgivῳ b(asilikῷ) spaqarivῳ.
30. Proposed date: VIII c.?
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Gewrgivῳ b(asilikῷ) mand(avtori).
31. Proposed date: Around 800.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Grhªgºwrivῳ protostravtorh/.
32. Proposed date: VIII c.?
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Maurikivῳ b(asili)kῷ spaªqaºrivῳ.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Qeokªtºivstῳ uJpav(tῳ) kai; b(asilikῷ) spaq(aro)kand(idavtῳ).
125

tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: [+Qºeofavnei uJp(avtῳ) sp(aqarivῳ) k(ai;) b(asilikῷ) (prwto)-
spaqarªivῳº.
34bis. Proposed date: VIII c.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Qeofivlῳ uJpavtῳ.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: [+] Qeofulavktou drog(garivou) +
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Kosma/' ejpi; tw'n dehvsewn Sikeliva".
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Ἀndrevou ejpi; tw'n dehvsewn.
37. Proposed date: IX c.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Kuritzivῳ basilikῷ pistikῷ.
37bis. Proposed date: VIII c. (end).
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Kwnªstºantivnªῳº ejpi; tw'ªnº de(hvsewn).
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: [+] Levonto" uJpavt(ou) ªb(asilikou')º spa(qaro)k(andidavtou) (kai;)
dioik(htou').
39. Proposed date: VII/VIII c.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: + Leon ⁄ tivῳ b(asilikῷ) spa(qarivῳ) ⁄ (kai;) dioikith/' ⁄ Sikel(iva").
39bis. Proposed date: VII/VIII c.?
tῷ douvlῳ sou.
Rev.: + Levonto" kovmhto" +
126

Obv.: Cruciform monogram: Qeotovke bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlῳ (?).
Rev.: Maurikivῳ ajpo; ejpavrcwn.
40bis. Proposed date: VIII c. (end).
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Micah;ªlº b(asilikῷ) spaqaªr(ivῳ) or b(asiliko;n) spaqavªr(ion)
(kai;)º kovmita (th'") kovªrt(h)º" ªSºhkªeliva"º.
Remarks: Zacos-Veglery, no. 2201.
41. Proposed date: IX c. (early).
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Plouthvnou kovmh(to") to'n ajgelw'n.
42. Proposed date: VIII c. (second half).
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Staurakivῳ uJp(avtῳ) kai; b(asilikῷ) sp(a)q(aro)kªaºndidavt(ῳ)+.
Remarks: A and U in Staurakios are joined.
42bis. Proposed date: VIII c. (early).
Obv.: Kuvrie oJ Qeo;" bohvqi.
Rev.: Fwtinῷ uJpavtῳ basil(ikῷ) spaqarivῳ.
43. Proposed date: IX c. (early).
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Qeofavnei (prwto)notarivῳ.
Rev.: Cross potent on two or three steps. Circular inscription: [Kwnsºtantivnou
(prwto)not(arivou) ajmhvn.
Remarks: Perhaps better reading, but also dubious: Konstantªivnῳ koºmhvth/.
Obv.: +ANASTASII+
Rev.: +NOTARII+
46. Proposed date: VIII c. (early).
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: [Ἀlºeªxavºndrou not(arivou) ajmhvn.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Eujfhmivῳ notarivῳ ajmhvn.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Qeoªfºulavktªῳº notarivªῳº ajmhvn.
127

Obv.: Cruciform monogram (probably type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: +Kuvrou notarivou.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Levonti not(arivῳ) ajmhvn.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Ornamental pattern. | Inscription: Levwnt(i) notarhv(ῳ) ajmhvn.
Remarks: Two other seals of sicilian notarii named Leo (from different
boulloteria) belong to the same collection. Other reading: Pantolevonti.
50. Proposed date: VII c. (end)- early VIII c.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei. In the quarters:
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Nhªkºhvta nªotºarivῳ ªajºmh;n gevnoi(to).
Obv.: Cruciform monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke bohvqei. Unclear
circular inscription.
Rev.: .hco .ῳ notarivῳ ajmhvn (perhaps) Nhkoªlºavῳ.
52. Proposed date: Amorian period.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +ªPºanqhªrivºῳ patr(ikivῳ) (kai;) stra(thgῷ) Siªkeºliv(a").
53. Proposed date: IX c. (second decade).
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: Grhgorivῳ patrikivῳ (kai;) strathgῷ Sikeliva".
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Da(uiv)di patrik(ivῳ) b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spa(qarivῳ) (kai;) strat(hgῷ)
Siªkeºl(iva").
Remarks: DOSeals 1.5.16.
55. Proposed date: Amorian period; IX c. (end of the third decade).
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: [+] Kwnªstºantivnῳ pªatºrik(ivῳ) b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spa(qarivῳ)
(kai;) strathgῷ Sikell(iva").
Remarks: LL is characteristic of the seals of this strategos. DOSeals 1.5.10 a-b.
Obv.: +Qeodovtῳ b(asilikῷ) (pr)otwspaq(arivῳ) ajmhvn.
Rev.: +Sergivῳ patrikivῳ (kai;) strathgῷ+
Remarks: In fact, the two faces don’t belong to the same seal.
128

Obv.: + ⁄ Kuvrie ⁄ oJ Qeo;" ⁄ bohvqei ⁄ + (image turned upside down).
Rev.: + ⁄ Sergivῳ patrikivªῳº (kai;) straªtºhgῷ +
Remarks: # for kai;.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: + Sisinnakivῳ b(asilikῷ) spaq(arivῳ) (kai;) kovmhti th'" kªovrt(h")
Sºikeliv(a").
Remarks: Another seal in the Museum of Syracuse, Inv. 47 103. For the same
reading and alternative date see also W. Seibt [BZ 99/2 (2006), 854: kovmh" t.
kovrth" Sikeliva", IX c. (first half)]. See also M. Braunlin, J. Nesbitt, “Selection
from a Private Collection of Byzantine Bullae,” Byzantion 68 (1998) no. 25.
Obv.: Bust of Theotokos orans with medallion of Christ: M(hvth)r Q(eo)u'.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ d(ouv)l(ῳ) Goulhevlmo patrikivῳ.
Remarks: For the same reading see also W. Seibt [BZ 99/2 (2006), 854:
Goulhevlmo" patrivkio", XI c. (second half)].
Obv.: Heads of St. Peter and St. Paul facing each other.
Rev.: Not read (inscription of five lines).
60bis. Proposed date: No date.
Obv.: Heads of St. Peter and St. Paul facing each other.
Rev.: Block monogram: not read.
tῷ sῷ douvlῳ.
Rev.: +Qeofavnou(") ajmhvn.
Remarks: Otherg reading: +Qeofavnou(") b(asilikou') mandavt(oro"). Seal cut
into the shape of a cross. For an another example, see Schlumberger, Sig., 548.
Obv.: St. Demetrius standing.
Rev.: K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ douvl(ῳ) Ἰwsi;f proevdrῳ (kai;) douki; th'"
Ἀntioceiva" tῷ Tracaniwvti.
Remarks: Parallel specimen: J. G. Leontiades, Die Tarchaneiotai. Eine prosopo-
graphisch-sigillographische Studie (Thessaloniki, 1998), 44.
Mention of a seal found or noted around 1980 in the region of Syracuse with the
inscription: +Ἰwavnnh/ ajrchepiskovpῳ Ἐfevsou.
From a lost collection a seal with a cruciform monogram on the obverse, and on
the reverse: +Qeogªoºnivῳ tourmavrch/ Ἑllavdo".
129
J. W. Nesbitt, “Doge Orio Mastropietro (1178-1192) and Kalenderhane Camii,”

Thesaurismata 33 (2003), 9-13 (with photo).
Obv.: St. Mark seated at right and the Doge standing at left. Behind St. Mark:
-CVS, behind the Doge: MASTROPET, in front of the Doge: D[VX].
Rev.: Mastropet(rus) d(e)i gr(atia) Venetie, Dalmatie, Chroati(e) dux.
Remarks: Found in Kalenderhane. In the author's opinion the seal relates
to the massacre of Latins in 1182, when a Venetian fled to Kalenderhane,
carrying with him a document bearing the Doge's seal, or he was living there
when he received an official document.
J. W. Nesbitt, “A Seal of Richard the Constable,” Thesaurismata 37 (2007) 61-64

(with photo).
Proposed date: Ca. 1100.
Obv.: Mounted warrior armed with a lance.
Rev.: In the center, bust of a Saint without identification. Circular inscription:
+K(uvri)e bohvqh ÔRi(k)avrd(ῳ) konosta(u'lo").
M. Nichanian, V. Prigent, “Les stratèges de Sicile. De la naissance du thème au

règne de Léon V,” REB 61 (2003), 97-141.
Obv.: +Kuvrie oJ Qeo;ª"º bohvqªeiº
Rev.: +ªQeodºwvrῳ ªpºatrªik(ivῳ)º (kai;) strªatºhg(ῷ).
2. Proposed date: 717.
Obv.: Inscribed cruciform invocative monogram (type Laurent V): Qeotovke
Rev.: ª+Pauvºlῳ ªpºatrik(ivῳ) ªb(asilikῷ)º (prwto)spaq(arivῳ) (kai;)
strat(hgῷ) Sikeliv(a").
Rev.: ª+Sergºivῳ ªpaºtrikivῳ ª(kai;) sºtrat(hgῷ) ªSiºkel(iva").
4. Proposed date: VIII c. (beginning).
Rev.: ª+Qºeognªwvstºῳ b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spaqª(arivῳ) (kai;) sºtrathgªῷº
Sikelivªa(")º.
Y. Nikolaou, “The Two Lead Seals in the Elias Kantas Collection,” Nomismatika
Chronika 23 (2004), 55-58 (Greek and English version).
1. Proposed date: XII c. (second half).
Obv.: Bust of the Theotokos orans holding the Christ child: Mhv(th)r Q(eo)u'.
Rev.: +Mhv(th)r Q(eo)u' skevpe to;n ªso;ºn dou'lon ªseºbasto;n ªtºo;n Glaba'n
Gewvrgion.
Remarks: Photo on p. 56. Several other exemplars are known (cf. Jordanov,
Corpus II, nos. 142-143).
130

Obv.: Bust of the Theotokos holding the Christ child: Mhv(th)r Q(eo)u'. Circular
inscription: Q(eotov)ke b(ohv)q(ei) E
j pifanivo/ p(at)ri(kivῳ).
Rev.: Bust of St. Eustratios: Ὁ ἅ(gio") Eujstr(av)tio". Circular inscription: +
ªajnºqupavtῳ oJ Pentaktevnh".
Remarks: Photo on p. 58. Several other exemplars known (cf. Seibt,
Bleisiegel, no. 97).
I. Papangelos, H Aqwnikhv monhv Zugouv (Thessaloniki, 2005), 35-36.

Three seals were found: a seal of the emperor Botaneiates, another of John, an
official, and the third one:
Proposed date : X/XI c.
Obv.: Bust of St. John Chrysostomos.
Rev.: +Ἀqanavsio" tapeino;" (mona)c(ov").
Remarks: Found in the monastery of Zygos (Athos). The seal belonged
probably to the founder of the Lavra.
C. Perassi, “Pesi monetali bizantini in vetro dal territorio siciliano,” Byzantino- Sicula 4

(Palermo 2002), 439-474 (with 11 images).
Weights with cruciform monogram (Qeodwvrou, Kwn?, Nikolavou, Flwrentivou
or Flwrentivnou); with block monogram (Pauvlou); with block monogram
(Ἀkulivnou ?, or more likely Nikolavou) and circular inscription (ejpavrcou povlew");
with right-to-left inscription (Nhkhfovrou); with bust and circular inscription (ejpi;
Levwnto" ejpavrc(ou), Droserivou ejpavrcou, Sergivou); “Arab-Byzantine” weights.
M. Polychronaki, “Late Byzantine Lead Seals from the Demetrios Economopoulos

Collection,” Museum of Byzantine Culture 12 (2005), 67-72 (in Greek), 73-76 (in
English), 77-80 (in French).
1. New specimen of a seal of the empress Theodora Doukaina Palaiologina
(= Zacos-Veglery, no. 122).
2. New specimen of a seal of the emperor Andronikos II (= Zacos-Veglery, no.
124b).
3. New specimen of a seal of the Theoskepastos Nunnery of Trebizond (= Zacos
II, no. 790).
These three seals are probably metallic copies.
M. Polychronaki, “General Katakalon Kekaumenos, A Seal donated to the

Museum of Byzantine Culture,” Museum of Byzantine Culture 13 (2006), 100-
106 (in Greek), 107-110 (in English), 111-115 (in French). A new seal in excellent
condition of Katakalon Kekaumenos, magistros and duke of Antioch.
V. Prigent, “Les évêchés byzantins de la Calabre septentrionale au VIIIe siècle,”

Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Moyen Âge 114 (2002/2), 931-953.
Proposed date: VIII c.
Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram (Laurent V) with tetragram: Qeotovke
Rev.: Ἀnastasivou ajrciepiskovpou Nikopwvlew". Ἀmhvn.
Remarks: Reggio, Museo archeologico, inv. 69/15 // Reggio, Museo archeologico,
inv. 8082.
131
V. Prigent, “Ek prosôpou et stratèges, notes sur les subordonnés du catépan d’Italie,”
Archivo storico per la Calabria e la Lucania 70 (Rome, 2003), 5-26.
Obv.: Bust of a saint.
Rev.: ª...º (prwto)sªpaqavr(io")º (kai;) stratªhºgw'ti" Tranou'.
Remarks: IFEB 1014 A, B.; stratªhºgῷ ti'" Tranou'.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin orans with medallion.
Rev.: Q(eotov)ke bohvqh Nikhfovr(ῳ) ejk prw(swv)po(u) ÔRhgiv(ou).
Remarks: Reggio, Museo archeologico, inv. 70/9.
V. Prigent, “La carrière du tourmarque Euphèmios, basileus des Romains,”

Histoire et culture dans l’Italie byzantine. Acquis et nouvelles recherches (École
française de Rome, 363) (Rome, 2006), 279-317.
Obv.: The Virgin Hodegetria, standing, between two monograms: ÔH
ÔAgiva - Mariva.
Rev.: Eufhmios ec Qeou' [p]istos basileus Romaion.
Remarks: Museo Salinas, 38233 (perhaps falsification according to
W. Seibt).
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Pečati titulovannyh ženščin Vizantii,” ADSV 33 (2002), 89-101.

Obv.: Inscribed cruciform invocative monogram (type V): Θεοτόκε βοήθει
τh' σh/' δούλh/
Rev.: Θεοκτίστης ζοστh'ς pατρικίας καi; peνθερa'ς τοu' βασιλέως.
Remarks: M-710. Unpublished.
Obv.: Cross on steps. Circular inscription: Θεοτόκε βοήθει τh/' σh/' δούλh/
Rev.: Ἀναστασίa/ pατρικείa/ ζοστh/'.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Pečati predstavitelej armjanskogo roda Mahitariev,” Istoriko-

filologičeskij žurnal AN Armenii 1 (162) (Erevan, 2003), 147-158.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Nikopoios.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Βασιλίῳ uJpαvτῳ καi; κριτh/'/ τῷ Μαχηταρίῳ.
Remarks: M-6689. Photo on p. 149. Cf. Laurent, Vatican, no. 129.
2. Proposed date: Before 1070.
Obv.: Θ(εοτό)κε β(οή)θ(ει) Βασιλίῳ β(ασιλικῷ)? (pρωτο)σpαθ(αρίῳ) ejpi;
τοu' Χρ(υσοτρι)κ(λίνου) mυστολέκτh/
Rev.: κριτh/' ejpi; τοu' iJp(ο)δρόm(ου καi;) τοu' Λικάνδου τῷ Μαχηταρίῳ.
Remarks: M-8468. Photo on p. 149. Ed.: Schlumberger, Sig., 241, 6 (incorrect
reading).
132
Rev.: +Σκέpοις Μαχητάριον οὗ σφραγi;ς pέλει Λέοντος pραιpοσίτου
ajρχηγέτης τῶν νόων.
Remarks: M-3110. Photo on p. 149. Unpublished. The second verse reads
Λέοντα pραιpόσiτον, ajρχηγέτης τῶν νόων.
Obv.: Bust of St. Michael.
Rev.: Σφραγi;ς Μιχαh;λ ἥδε Μαχηταρίου.
Remarks: M-2711. Photo on p. 149. Unpublished.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Μιχαh;λ σεβαστοφόρῳ τῷ Μαχηταρίῳ.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Episkepsis.
Rev.: Σφραγi;ς Νικήτα τοu' Μαχηταρίου.
Remarks: M-287. Photo on p. 151. Several parallel specimens are known.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Νικολάῳ διοικητh/' τῷ Μαχηταρίῳ.
8. Proposed date: XI c.(first half).
Rev.: +Νικολάου σφράγισmα Μαχηταρίου.
Remarks: M-6746 (photo on p. 151), M-10037? different boulloteria. Unpublished.
Rev.: +Νικολάου σφράγισmα Μαχηταρίου.
Remarks: M-6190 (photo on p. 151), M-11901? The same boulloterion.
Unpublished.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Neskol’ko pečatej s redkimi izobraženijami,” ADSV 34 (2003),

213-238. Most of the seals were already published in different editions.
1. Proposed date: ΧΙ c.
Obv.: Bust of St. Elias. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Ἠλήa/ β(ασιλικῷ) (pρωτο)σpαθαρ(ίῳ) (καi;) pαραθαλασήτh/.
Remarks: M-5561. Photo 6. Unpublished.
2. Proposed date: XII c. (first half).
Obv.: St. Samuel standing.
Rev.: ‛Ο χαρτοφύλαξ Σαmουh;λ Μαυροpόδης.
Remarks: M-6648. Photo 13. Unpublished. Cf. Laurent, Corpus V, 2, no. 1615.
Obv.: Bust of St. Thomas.
Rev.: Κωνσταντίν(ῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) σpαθ(αρίῳ)...δι..τη.
Remarks: Μ-2381. Photo 15. Unpublished. Perhaps διοικητῇ.
133
4. Proposed date: XI? c.

Rev.: +Θοmᾷ mοναχῷ (καi;) κουβουκλισ(ίῳ).
Rev.: Bust of St. John Chrysostomos.
Obv.: Bust of St. Thomas. Traces of a circular inscription.
Rev.: Bust of St. Michael. Traces of a circular inscription.
Remarks: M-6625 (photo 18), M-4130. Unpublished.
7. Proposed date: XI c. (second half)
Obv.: The Virgin standing between St. Thomas and St. Nicholas.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Νικολάῳ uJpάτῳ κριτh/' ejpi; τοu' iJppοδρόmου (καi;)
συmpόνῳ.
Remarks: M-6200, 12360. Photo 20. Unpublished. Cf. Laurent, Corpus V, 2,
no. 1070.
8. Proposed date: Early XI c.
Obv.: Bust of St. Menas. Circular inscription: Ἅγ(ιε) Μινa' β(οήθει) τῷ σῷ δού(λῳ)
Rev.: Στεφάνο στράτωρι.
Obv.: The Virgin Episkepsis standing between St. Menas and St. Nicholas.
Rev.: ‛Ο τw'ν pροέδρων pρῶτος wJς δικασpόλων φρουροu;ς uJma'ς τίθηmι τῶν
γεγραmmένων.
Remarks: M- 6717. Photo 27. Unpublished. Cf. Zacos II, no. 687.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Pečati vizantijskih torgovtsev VIII-IX vv,” MAIET 10 (2003),

393-398. Review of seals of Byzantine merchants of the VIIIth-IXth c. from different
editions.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Predstaviteli roda Kurtikiev v Vizantii,” ADSV 35 (2004) 122-132.

Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλο Μιχαh;λ pρωτοσpαθαρίῳ καi; στρατηγῷ
τῷ Κουρτίκh/.
Remarks: M-6441. Photo I, 1. Schlumberger, Sig., p. 641, no. 1.
Obv.: Bust of a saint.
Rev.: Ἰωάννης σpαθαροκανδιδa'τος oJ Κουρτίκης.
Remarks: M-11073. Photo I, 2. Unpublished.
3. = SBS 5 (1998) 105, no. 4.
4. = SBS 6 (1999) 99, no. 3.
134
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Pečati Konstantina Feodorokana v Ermitaže,” Istoriko-filolo-

gičeskij žurnal AN Armenii 2 (166) (Erevan, 2004), 276-281.
1-2. Proposed date: XI c. (second half).
Obv.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Κωνσταντίνῳ τῷ Θεοδωροκάνῳ.
Remarks: M-1797, unpublished; M-6785, ed. Schlumberger, Sig., 707, no. 1,
different boulloteria. Photos on p. 277. Cf. Jordanov, SBS 8 (2003), 179, no.
57-62.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Κωνσταντίνῳ pατρικίῳ τῷ Θεοδω-
ροκάνῳ.
Remarks: M-5746. Photo on p. 278. Unpublished. Cf. Stavrakos, Bleisiegel,
no. 89.
4-5. Proposed date: ca. 1060.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Κωνσταντίνῳ
Rev.: ajνθυpάτῳ pατρικίῳ τῷ Θεοδωροκάνῳ.
Remarks: M-1785, unpublished; M-1799, ed.: Šandrovskaja, Sfragistika,
no. 728, one boulloterion. Photos on p. 279.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Vizantijskie pečati perevodčikov,” Albo dies notanda lapilla

(devoted to the jubilee of G. E. Lebedeva) (St. Petersburg, 2005), 109-115.
Obv.: Damaged?
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: eJρmηνευτοu'.
Remarks: Μ-8721. Unpublished.
2. Proposed date: IX c.
Obv.: Γραφw'ν σφράγισmα
Rev.: eJρmήνου Προκοπίου.
3. = Lihačev, IZIGI, tabl. VI, 28; Laurent, Corpus II, no. 467.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: ... β(ασιλικῷ) σpαθ(αρίῳ) καi; eJρmηνευτοu'.
5. = Schlumberger, Sig., 349-351; Laurent, Corpus II, no. 471.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, A. Mochov, “Izobraženija svjatogo Prokopija na ermitažnyh

pečatjah,” ADSV 37 (2006), 191-211.
1-2. Proposed date: Late XI c.
Obv.: Bust of St. Prokopios.
Rev.: +Κατακαλo;ν κουβουκλ(εί)σιος.
Remarks: M-2665 (ed. Pančenko, Katalog, no. 360), M-2571 (photo 1 on p. 208,
unpublished).
135
3-4. Proposed date: XI c.

Obv.: Bust of St. George. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Bust of St. Prokopios. Circular inscription: Κωνσταντίνων mετριτήν.
Remarks: M-4083 (photo 2 on p. 208), M-9149 (photo 3 on p. 208), M-4265
(copy). All specimens are unpublished. Cf. Koltsida-Makre, Μολυβδόβουλλα,
no. 132.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Βασιλείῳ τῷ Χούmνῳ.
Remarks: M-2524 (photo 4 on p. 209). Unpublished.
6. = Lihačev, Molivdovuly, tabl. LXIII, 16.
Rev.: +Γρηγόρηος ὁ ‛Ραδηνός.
Remarks: M-5520. Photo 6 on p. 209. Unpublished.
8. = Šandrovskaja-Seibt, no. 97.
9. Proposed date: Χ c.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Μαρiva/ pρωτοσpαθαρίσσa/.
10. Proposed date: ΧΙ c.
Obv.: Bust of St. Prokopios. Traces of the circular inscription: Ἅγιε βοήθει
Rev.: Βάρδa/ pριmικηρίῳ καi; κοιτωνίτh/.
Remarks: M-10734. Photo 9 on p. 210.
11. = Laurent, Corpus V, 1, no. 802.
Obv.: St. Prokopios orans standing. Circular inscription: Κύριε βοήθει...
Λέοντι (?)
Rev.: ... χαρτουλαρίῳ τοu' στρατιοτικοu' λογοθεσίου καi; ejκ pροσώpου
τw'ν ἀγελw'ν.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Obraz sv. Prokopija na pečatjah,” Hristianskaja ikonografija

Vostoka i Zapada v pamjatnikah material’noj kul’tury Drevnej Rusi i Vizantii.
Pamjati Tatiany Čukovoj (St. Petersburg, 2006), 78-89. Review of seals with the
image of St. Prokopios.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Ermitažnaja pečat’ Marhapsaba,” ADSV 37 (2006) 255-259.

Proposed date: XI c. (second half).
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Κιριακῷ pροτοσpαθαρίῳ τῷ Μαρχαψαβῷ.
Remarks: M-3791 (photo 1 on p. 258), ed. Pančenko, Katalog, no. 186 (with
incorrect reading); M-2351 (photo 2 on p. 258), unpublished.
136
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Tamoğennaja služba v Mesemvrii (po dannym sfragistiki),”

Bulgaria Pontica Medii Aevi 4-5,2 (2006), 31-42. All seals are published in:
Lihačev, Molivdovuly.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “K izobraženiju Bogomateri Agiosoritissy na vizantijskih

pečatjah,” Prof. d.i.n. Totju Totev i stolitsa Veliki Preslav (Sofia, 2006), 188-193. Review
of seals with the image of the Virgin Hagiosoritissa from different collections.
V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Predstaviteli roda Vranov (XI-XIII veka),” Vizantijskaja ideja.

Vizantija v epohu Komninov i Paleologov (St. Petersburg, 2006), 192-200.
Obv.: Πρωτοσεβάστου τῶν γραφῶν Ἀλεξίου σφραγi;ς Βρανa' mεν
Rev.: ejκ pατρo;ς γεναρχίας rJίζης δε mητρo;ς Κοmνηνοβλάστου κλάδου.
Remarks: M-1609. Photo 4 on p.196. Cf. Laurent, Vatican, no. 64.
Obv.: Σφράγισmα Βρανa' Μανουh;λ τo; pατρόθεν
Rev.: rJίζης φυέντος Κοmνηνικh;ς mητρόθεν.
Remarks: Μ-1758, 1890, 10267 (different boulloteria). Photo 5-6 on p. 196.
W. Seibt, Review of DOSeals IV (2001), BZ 96 (2003), 748-752; cf. A.- K. Wassiliou,

JÖB 54 (2004), 252-255.
4.1.2. X/XI c. Seibt: IX/X c.; cf. Wassiliou 253.
4.1.5. ...tes. Seibt: Perhaps Leon; cf. Wassiliou 253.
4.1.7. Akepsimas. Seibt: Anthimos?
4.1.8. Without Family name. Seibt: Maleses?
4.1.16. Without name. Seibt: Perhaps Ioannes; at the end perhaps Boukellarion;
cf. Wassiliou 253.
4.1.34. Niketas. Seibt: Komitas (another proposal).
4.2.1. St. Clement. Seibt: St. Blasios?
4.2.3. Ankyras. Seibt: Karias?
4.5.2. Without Personal name. Seibt: Konstantinos?
4.11.6. Paphlagonia. Seibt: Pelagonia?
4.11.17. Skribas. Seibt: Skribon.
4.11.29. Staurakios (?) imp. Protospatharios. Seibt: Konstantinos hypatos?
4.11.30. Without Personal name. Seibt: Paulos.
4.18.4. Without Personal name; bishop of Ionopolis. Seibt: Ignatios, bishop of
Iouliopolis (Basilaion)?
4.21.1. Leontios. Seibt: Photios?
4.22.1. Basileios (?). Seibt: Perhaps Michael; cf. Wassiliou 253.
4.22.37. Timites. Seibt: Timonites; cf. Wassiliou 254.
4.22.51. Strategos of the Armeniakon. Seibt: Archon tou Armamentou; cf.
Wassiliou 254.
137
4.29.7. Neokaisareias. Seibt: Τῷ Ἰασίτῃ?

4.32.6. Georgios Makrembolites. Seibt: Ioannes.
4.32.23. Leontios. Seibt: Perhaps Asotios.
4.32.26. Bestes. Seibt: Hypatos or Patrikios.
4.40.3. N. Aboukes judge. Seibt: N. Aboukir imp. notarios?
4.40.5. Μιχαὴλ φύλαξε σόν, Σῶτερ ἀνθρώπων, χαρτουλαρίῳ δρόμου καὶ
Xαρσιάνοῦ. Seibt: Σῶτερ, πρoevδρῳ(;) Μιχαὴλ φύλαξ ἔσο καὶ Χαρσιανοῦ
χαρτουλαρίῳ δρόμου. Also Bestarches would be possible as the (lost) title.
Cf. Wassiliou 254. Remarks: Cf. Wassiliou–Seibt, Bleisiegel II, 54.
4.40.13. N. Hexamilites judge of the Velum... Seibt: πρόεδρος, κριτὴς ἐπὶ τοῦ
ἱπποδρόμου. Cf. Wassiliou 254, and Eadem, Hexamilites, Hellenika 52
(2002), 251, no. 13.
4.40.20. Nikephoros. Seibt: Ioseph?
4.43.6. N. Kamateros. Seibt: Euthymios Karabitziotes. Cf. A.-K. Wassiliou,
“Προσωπογραφία και Σφραγιστική· κριταὶ Καπαπαδοκίας (10ος-11ος
αι.),” Πρακτικά Στ´ Πανελληνίου Συνεδρίου για τον Ελληνισμό της
Μικράς Ασίας (Thessaloniki, 2002), 49f.; Seibt–Zarnitz 2.2.1.
4.43.12. Aporos? Seibt: Apoleon? Cf. Wassiliou 254: P(an)toleon?
4.43.13. Pherses. Seibt: Perhaps Arsakes, Artakes etc.
4.44.1. τῷ τοῦ Μεγάλου Λούλου (as lord of Great Loulon). Seibt: υἱὸς τοῦ
Μεγάλου Λούλου (Mounsour, the son of Lulos, the lord of Halab).
4.46.3. Karakallou. Seibt: Karamallou.
4.48.6. Without Personal name. Seibt: Gregorios (?)
4.55.4. Epi ton oikeiakon. Seibt: Epi tou Manglabiou.
4.56.11. Without Personal name. Seibt: Perhaps Ioannes.
4.59.1. Without Family name. Seibt: Muzalopoulos?
4.61.1. Seibt: Sagopoulos (as another proposal). Remarks: Parallel to DOSeals
76.1 and Cheynet, Zacos, no. 29.
4.61.6. Without Personal name. Seibt: Perhaps Ioannes.
4.64.1. Strategos of Kama. Seibt: At the end perhaps KAM...- or XAM... as
Family name.
4.68.1. Solomonakes. Seibt: Solomon.
4.68.2. Obv.: St. Athenogenes. Rev.: Myron? Seibt:
Obv.: St. Niketas or Eustathios. Rev.: St. Niketas or St. Nikephoros.
4.68.7. Strategos of Melitene. Seibt: τῷ Σαΐτῃ (as family name)?
4.68.9. Λόγοις ὁ Χρυσοῦς καὶ γραφαῖς ἔχει φύλαξ. Seibt: Λόγοις σύμπνεε καὶ
γραφὰς σκέπε, φύλαξ. Cf. Wassiliou, 254.
4.76.3. Elinagos. Seibt: Nestongos?
138
4.77.1. Ἀρχιεπίσκοπος τοῦ Κατεπάνω Βασπρακανίας. Seibt: Ἀρχιεπίσκοπος τοῦ

κατεπανικίου Βαασπρακανίας or τῆς πόλεως Βάνης Βαασπρακανίας?
W. Seibt, “Probleme der historischen Geographie Bulgariens im späteren

10. Und 11. Jahrhundert – Ein sigillographischer Beitrag,” in Numizmatičny i
sfragističny prinosi kŭm istorijata na zapadnoto Černomorie. Meždunarodnaja
konferentsija. Varna 12- 15 septemvri 2001 g. (Varna, 2004), 253-264.
Obv.: St. Prokopios, standing.
Rev.: +K(uvrie) bohvqei Ἀswthvῳ p(at)ri(kivῳ) ajnqupavtῳ (kai;) strat(h)g(ῷ)
Bavrna".
1a. Proposed date: ca 1050.
Obv.: Bust of a military saint (Demetrios or Prokopios).
Rev.: +K(uvrie) b(ohv)q(ei) tῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Ἀswvt(h/) t(ῷ) Q(e)od(w)r(o)k(avnῳ).
Remarks: Seal in Dumbarton Oaks.
1b. Proposed date: ca 1050.
Obv.: +Kuvrªie)º bohvqªeiº tῷ sῷ dªouvºlῳ
Rev.: ªἈºswtiv(ῳ) ªmaºg(iv)str(ῳ) ªt(ῷ) tou'º Tar(w)nivt(ou).
Remarks: Fogg 1539.
1c. Proposed date: ca 1060-1080.
Rev.: +K(uvrie) b(ohv)q(ei) ªtºῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) ªἈºs(wv)t(h/) (prwto)spaqar(ivῳ)
uJpavt(ῳ) ªυἱºὸς patrik(iv)ou Cosrob(iv)ou.
Remarks: = Zacos, Seals II, no. 364.
Obv.: +K(uvrie) b(ohv)q(ei) ªtºῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Ἀndrªoºnivk(ῳ)
Rev.: tourmavrc(h/) ªἈºracilavb(h").
Remarks: IFEB 879 and Museum of Sofia.
3. Proposed date: End of the X c.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross with tendrils. Remains of a circular inscription: +Kuvrie
b(ohvq(ei) tῷ sῷ douvlῳ
Rev.: +Nikoªlºavῳ b(asilikῷ) spªaq(arivῳ)º k(ai;) dioiªkhºth'/ Bavnªaº" (?).
Remarks: Seal found near Dorostolon.
4. Proposed date: Second half of the X c.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross with tendrils. Circular inscription.
Rev.: +Da(ui;)d b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spaq(arivῳ) (kai;) kl(ei)souªrºavrc(h/)
Bas(i)liavdo" or Basaiavd(o").
Remarks: = Zacos, Seals II, no. 134.
5. Proposed date: End of the X c.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross with tendrils. Circular inscription.
Rev.: +Da(ui;)d b(asilikῷ) (prwto)spaq(arivῳ) ªk(ai;)º b(asilikῷ) tou'
ÔRaidestou'.
Remarks: = Zacos, Seals II, no. 134bis.
139
6. Proposed date: ca 1050.

Obv.: +K(uvrie) b(ohv)q(ei) ªtºῷ sῷ douv(lῳ) Balatzevrth/
Rev.: magivstrῳ (kai;) katepavnw Mes(h)mbriva".
Remarks: = Zacos II, no. 1059 (wrong reading : Bladtzevrth").
W. Seibt, Review of DOSeals V (2005), BZ 100 (2007) 231-236; cf. A.- K. Wassil-

iou, JÖB 57 (2007), 397-400.
5.3.1. Leo (?) ... strategos of Mamistra (?). Seibt: Theodoros. Perhaps Machetarios
instead of the geographical name.
5.6.12. Primikerios (?) and Kleisourarches (?). Seibt: Asekretis and Krites Seleukeias.
Cf. Jordanov, Corpus I, no. 68.1.
5.6.24. Xeros. Seibt: Charon?
5.9.11. Tourditzes? Seibt: Pardos.
5.22.5. Ἐπάρχου Πόλεως. Seibt: Other Proposals: ἀννωνεπάρχου or ἐπάρχου
τῶν πραιτωρίων.
5.22.7. Niketas Eparchos Poleos. Seibt: Niketas not secure, at the end a family
name as Dalassenos or Melissenos?
5.25.16. ...phles? Seibt: Xiphilinos?
5.42.28. Leon. Seibt: Asotes?
5.42.43. Trig... Seibt: Gregoras? Cf. Wassiliou, 399: Trigones?
5.50.2. Rev.: καθηγουμένου τῆς μονῆς. Seibt: καθηγέτου μονῆς. Cf. Wassiliou 399.
5.55.2. Without proposal for the end of the legend. Seibt: Perhaps μάνδρας. Cf.
Wassiliou, 399: μόνον or μένω.
5.58.2. Without proposal for the first (lost) line. Seibt: Perhaps ἡγουμένου or
μοναχοῦ.
5.88.1. Μονῆς τῶν σοφρώνων πατρικίων τῶν καλλινίκων. Seibt could correct
on the basis of a new parallel seal: Μονῆς τῶν Σοφρώνης πατρικίων τῶν
Χυλινιτῶν. Cf. Wassiliou, 399.
5.104.1. ἀφ’ ὧν ὅρα. Seibt: νοῶν ὅρα. Cf. Wassiliou, 400.
5.107.1. Obv.: without reading. Seibt: Ὀψικίου.
W. Seibt, “Überlegungen zum Namensmonogramm auf dem byzantinischen Henkel-

krug des Awarenschatzes von Vrap,” H. Heftner, K. Tomaschitz (eds.), Ad fontes!
Festschrift für Gerhard Dobesch zum 65. Geburtstag (Vienna, 2004), 855-858.
1. Circular inscription: Φ(ω)νὴ Κυρ(ί)ου ἐπ(ὶ) τ(ῶ)ν ὑδάτ(ων).
2. Five cruciform monograms: Κύριε; β(ο)ήθ(ει); τοῦ δούλου σου or τοῦ σοῦ
δούλου; Τζονοβίου or Τζυβίνου or Βουτζίνου; Ἀμήν.
Date: 670-680 or 680-690.
W. Seibt, “Byzantinische Bleisiegel,” L. Ilisch, M. Matzke, W. Seibt (eds.), Die

mittelalterlichen Fundmünzen, Siegel und Gewichte von Santueri, Mallorca
(Tübingen, 2005), 27-31.
140
1. Proposed date: Second half of the VII c.-early VIII c.

Obv.: Busts of the apostles Peter and Paul.
Rev.: Ἰ(ω)άννου.
2. Proposed date: Early VIII c.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent V.
Rev.: Γεωργίῳ ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων.
Rev.: Σεργίῳ δου[κί].
4. Proposed date: First third of the VIII c.
Obv.: Eagle, perhaps with invocative monogram, type Laurent V.
Rev.: Ἰωάννῃ ὑπάτῳ καὶ σπαθαρίῳ.
5. Proposed date: First third of the VIII c.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent V, with tetragram.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram, perhaps Θεοδότῳ ὑπάτῳ.
W. Seibt, Review of Jordanov, Corpus I, in: BZ 98 (2005), 129-133.

1.2. Jordanov. κλαίουσα. Seibt: κλείουσα.
2.1. Jordanov. πρωτοπαπίας. Seibt: πρωτοπαπάς.
2.3. Jordanov. Ἀρχιεπισκόπο Ἀνγχιάλου Στεφάνου σκέπε. Seibt: Perhaps Ὁ
ἀρχιεπίσκοπος Ἀγχιάλου Στέφανος.
3.8. Jordanov. ... σκέποις με. Seibt: ... σκέποιτέ με.
22.7. Jordanov. St. Demetrios. Seibt: St. Niketas.
24.9. Jordanov. πριμικήριος καὶ ... Δρουγουβιτείας. Seibt: ἀσηκρῆτις καὶ
κριτὴς Δρουγουβιτείας.
34.2. Jordanov. στρατηγὸς Θεσσαλονίκης. Seibt: στρατηγὸς θεοφυλάκτου β.
Ὀψικίου.
34.5. Jordanov. γενικὸς λογοθεσίου ἄρκλας. Seibt: Γεννηματᾶς Θεσσαλονίκης (?).
35.3. Jordanov. Στρατηγὸς τῶν Θρᾴκης. Seibt: Στρατηγὸς τῶν Θρᾳκησίων or τῶν
Θρᾳκησιάνων.
35.4. Jordanov. Ioannes. Seibt: Marianos (?).
35.12. Jordanov. Χαρτουλάριος τῶν Θρᾴκης. Seibt: χαρτουλάριος τῶν
Θρᾳκησιάνων (?).
39.1. Jordanov. Konstantinos. Seibt: Kontostephanos (?).
43.1. Jordanov. Σχολὴ τῶν Κυρικῶν. Seibt: Κηρύκων.
46.8. Jordanov. Στρατηγὸς Μακεδονίας. Seibt: Μακεδόνων.
52.1. Jordanov. Ῥοῦσος. Seibt: Βοῦσος (alternative reading).
63.3. Jordanov (for the overstruck): Δομέστικος τοῦ Δ......δ. Seibt: Perhaps
δομέστικος τοῦ δουκὸς Βουλγαρίας.
63.6. Jordanov. Karantenos. Seibt: Kardames (?).
141
63.8. Jordanov. Ὁ Μάλις. Seibt: ΟΜΑΛΙC.

79.1. Jordanov. Erroneous interpretation as the seal of the monastery Θεοτόκου
τῆς Χρυσοκεφάλου. Seibt: Χρυσοκέφαλος (family name).
W. Seibt - A.-K. Wassiliou, “Spätbyzantinische metrische Siegellegenden,”

S. Kolditz - R. C. Müller (eds.), Geschehenes und Geschriebenes. Studien zu Ehren
von Günther S. Henrich und Klaus-Peter Matschke (Leipzig, 2005), 135- 147.
1. Proposed date: XIII c.
Obv.: St. John Prodromos, standing.
Rev.: Ψυχῆς ἐμῆς φρουρόν σε καὶ γραφῶν γράφω· εἰ καὶ κατ᾿ ἄμφω, πλὴν
ἀλλὰ ψυχῆς πλέον.
2. Proposed date: Ca. last quarter of the XIII c. – first half of the XIV c.
Obv.: St. George, standing.
Rev.: Γραφὰς γεωργεῖν ἐνδίκους, μάρτυς, δίδου ὡς Θεοῦ Γεώργιον τῷ
Μετοχίτῃ.
3. Proposed date: Second half of the XIII c.
Obv.: St. Demetrios, standing.
Rev.: Κυροῦν γραφάς μοι λύσσομαι, μυροβλύτα, ὃς ἐκπυροῦμαι καρδίαν
ἔρωτί σου.
4. Proposed date: Late XII c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type Episkepsis.
Rev.: Σκέποις με τὸν σὸν Ἀτούμην Νικηφόρον σεβαστόν, πανάμωμε τοῦ
Λόγου Μῆτερ.
5. Proposed date: Ca. first half of the XIII c.
Obv.: St. Michael, standing. Circular metrical inscription: Πρωτάγγελε,
σκέποις με τὸν λογοθέτην.
Rev.: Λογοθέτου σφράγισμα Παλαιολόγου.
6. Proposed date: Ca. second half of the XII c.
Obv.: St. Georgios, standing.
Rev.: Γεωργίου σφράγισμα Παλαιολόγου Κομνηνοδουκόβλαστον
αὐχοῦντος γένος.
7. Proposed date: Ca. second half of the XII c.
Obv.: St. Georgios, standing.
Rev.: Σφράγιζε, μάρτυς, τὰς γραφὰς Γεωργίου Παλαιολόγου Κομνηνοῦ
ῥίζης κλάδου.
8. Proposed date: Ca. 1270-ca. 1284.
Obv.: The Virgin, type Hodegetria Dexiokratousa, standing. Inscription: Ἡ
Ἀχειροποίητος.
Rev.: Τοῦ Κεραμέου πρακτέα διευλύτου πρὸς βασιλικὰς ἐντολάς, Θεοτόκε.
9. Proposed date: Second half of the XII c.
Obv.: Ἐπισφραγίζει καὶ γραφὰς καὶ πρακτέα σεβαστὸς Ἀνδρόνικος εἰς
κῦρος πλέον
Rev.: ῥιζῶν προελθῶν Δουκικῶν τὸ μητρόθεν καὶ Καματηρόβλαστος
ἐκφὺς πατρόθεν.
142

Obv.: Αὐτοκρατοῦντος θεῖος Ἰσαακίου σεβαστοκράτωρ δεσπότης Ἰωάννης
Rev.: βεβαίας πράξεις δὲ τῇ σφραγivδι γράφει αἰνὸν βοηθὸν τόνδε ἔσχε
τὸν τύπον.
W. Seibt, “Der bisher jüngste Bleisiegeltypus byzantinischer Kaiser,” JÖB 56

(2006), 239-243.
Proposed date: 18.10.1377-1.7.1379.
Obv.: Jesus Christ seated on a backed throne.
Rev.: Andronikos IV Palaiologos crowning his son Ioannes VII. Inscriptions:
Ἰωάννης δεσπότης (l.), Ἀνδρόνικος δεσπότης (r.).
W. Seibt, Review of V. Bulgakova, Byzantinische Bleisiegel in Osteuropa. Die Funde

auf dem Territorium Altrußlands (Mainzer Veröffentlichungen zur Byzantinistik 6),
(Wiesbaden, 2004), in: JÖB 57 (2007) 400-403.
W. Seibt, p. 400, notes that most of the new seals are not reproduced well enough
to verify the reading, corrections or comments.
1.3.3. Seibt: This Exarchos (of the patriarch) was in the late X c. active in the
Crimea and/or at the peninsula of Taman᾿.
1.3.5. Seibt: Hypothesis: Hegoumenos on this anonymous seal of the middle of
the XI c. indicates the lord of Černigov.
1.4.2. Bulgakova. Without Family name. Seibt: Perhaps Konones.
1.4.3. Bulgakova. Kyrillos. Seibt: Syrianos.
1.5.3. Bulgakova. Incomplete. Seibt: Κληρικός (?).
1.5.6. Bulgakova. Without family name. Seibt: Perhaps Tzakalos.
1.5.9. Bulgakova. Hamartolos as family name. Seibt: Ἁμαρτωλός indicates here
a monk.
1.7.7. Bulgakova. Incomplete. Seibt: Ἅγιε Θεόδωρε βοήθει. Leon was perhaps
Chartoularios.
1.7.11. Bulgakova. Incomplete. Seibt: Perhaps Kyriakos Kommerkiarios of
Aminsos. Cf. Zacos, Seals II 200.
Anhang 1a. Bulgakova: Νείλου γραφῶν το(ι) κῦρος ὁ Στρατηλάτης. Seibt:
Νείλου γραφῶν τὸ{ν} κῦρος ὁ Στρατηλάτης or γραφόντων. The seal does
not belong to the patriarch Neilos Kerameus.
Anhang 2, no. 3. Bulgakova. Incomplete. Seibt: Perhaps Leon θύτης Κύπρου.
14. Bulgakova. N. N. Patrikios and imp. Protospatharios. Seibt: Perhaps Anthes
Patrikios and κατεπάνω τῶν β. ἀνθρώπων.
15. Bulgakova. Michael Protospatharios, epi tou hippodromou and imp. (?)
notarios. Seibt: Michael Protospatharios, judge epi tou hippodromou and
perhaps Protonotarios Κιβυρραιωτῶν or τοῦ Μυρελαίου.
24. Bulgakova. Incomplete. Seibt: Eustathios bishop of Settai/Lydia. Cf. Seibt,
BSl 54 (1993), 364, fig. LXIV 14.
143
V. Stepanenko, “Nikifor Melissin, “despot i avtokrator romeev,” Sfragistika i

istorija kul’tury. Sbornik naučnyh trudov, posvjaščennyj jubileju V. S Šandrovskoj
(St. Petersburg 2004), 78-91.
Proposed date: Before 1 of April, 1081.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Nikopoios. Circular inscription.
Rev.: Bust of Nikephoros Melissenos. Circular inscription: Νικηφόρῳ δεσpότh/.
Remarks: M-3984. Photo on p. 80, no. 1.
V. Stepanenko, “K prosopografii t.n. ivirskih rodov v Vizantii konca X-XI v.:

Čortvaneli i Pakouriany,” ADSV 37 (2006), 225-236.
Proposed date: Late XI-early XII c.
Obv.: +Σφραγi;ς Ἀσpιέτου
Rev.: τοu' Πακουριανοῦ.
Remarks: Photo on p. 235. Found in Bulgaria, private collection of V. Pante-
leev. Cf. Jordanov, SBS 8 (2003), 179, nos. 77-78.
V. Stepanenko, V. S. Šandrovskaja, “Tatul i Pakuriany,” ADSV 36 (2005), 171-193.

1+2. Proposed date: Late XI-early XII c.
Obv.: +Σφραγi;ς Ἀσpιέτου
Rev.: τοu' Πακουριανοῦ.
Remarks: M-8371, 10288 (different boulloteria). Photo 1-2 on p. 191. Cf.
Jordanov, SBS 8 (2003), 179, nos. 77-78.
3-6. Proposed date: Late XI c.
Rev.: +Γρηγόριος σεβαστo;ς (καi;) δου;ξ oJ Πακουριανός.
Remarks: Μ-2953 (ed.: Pančenko, Katalog, no. 314), M-2993, 3044, 6379
(ed.: Schlumberger, Sig., 342), different boulloteria. Photos 3-5 on p. 191-192.
7. Proposed date: Late XI c.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Τατούλh/ pρωτονωβελησήmο καi; ἄρχοντι τον ajρχόντον
το Πακουρηανῷ.
Remarks: M-10961. Photo 9 on p. 193. Cf. Jordanov, ADSV 36 (2005), 118-119.
E. Stepanova, “Pečati monetariev Sicilii IX v.,” ADSV 34 (2003), 206-211.

Historical review of all seals of monetarii of Sicily. All seals are published.
E. Stepanova, “Vizantijskie pečati s izobraženijem svjatyh na trone iz sobranija

Ermitaža,” Sfragistika i istorija kul’tury. Sbornik naučnyh trudov, posvjaščennyj
jubileju V. S. Šandrovskoj (St. Petersburg, 2004), 102-114.
1. Proposed date: late IX c.
Obv.: St. Luke enthroned.
Rev.: Σταυρακίῳ κουmερκιαρίῳ Θεσσαλονίκης.
2. Proposed date: Late IX c.
Obv.: Two birds.
Rev.: Σταυρακίῳ β(ασιλικῷ) σpαθ(αρίῳ) καi; κουmερκιαρίῳ Θεσσαλονίκης.
Remarks: M-10450. Photo 4-5 on p. 104. Cf.: DOSeals, 1.18.44.
144
Obv.: Saint Nicholas enthroned.
Rev.: Ἅγιε, βοήθει Νικολάῳ ejξάκτορι τῷ Καλοψύχῳ.
Remarks: M-12116, 12191. Photo 7-10 on p. 110.
E. Stepanova, “Pečati s izobraženijami Bogomateri i Sv. Nikolaja X-XII vekov,”

Vizantija v kontekste mirovoj istorii (St. Petersburg, 2004), 162-165.
Rev.: Bust of St. Nicholas.
Remarks: M-9660. Photo on p. 163.
E. Stepanova, “ Svjazi Sicilii i Hersonesa po dannym sfragističeskih i numizma-

ticheskih pamjatnikov,” ADSV 36 (2005), 76-84. The problems of relations
between Sicily and Cherson in the second half of the VIIIth c. - late Xth c. according
to the numismatic and sphragistic monuments. All seals are published.
E. Stepanova, “Pečati iz Sudaka (k voprosu ob interpretatsii),” Sugdejskij sbornik

2 (Kiev-Sudak, 2005), 537-545. All seals are published in SBS 8, 123-130.
E. Stepanova, “ Pečati graždanskoi administracii Italii i Sicilii VI-VIII vv.,” Albo

dies notanda lapilla (devoted to the jubilee of G. E. Lebedeva) (St. Petersburg,
2005), 116-127.
Obv.: Eagle with uplifted wings, between them block monogram: Macrobii
Rev.: praefect(i) (praetorio) Ital(iae).
Remarks: M-11713. Photo on p. 118. Ed.: E. Stepanova, Pečati s latinskimi i
greko-latinskimi nadpisjami VI-VIII vv. iz sobranija Ermitaža (St. Petersburg,
2006), no. 123; Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 726.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin with Christ before her. Circular inscription: Θεοτόκε,
σu;ν τῷ ΥiJῷ σου, βοήθει τῷ δούλῳ σου
Rev.: Ἰωάννh/ uJpάτῳ (καi;) ejpάρχῳ Ἰταλίας.
Remarks: M-3935. Unpublished. Photo on p. 119. Cf. DOSeals 1. 2.1.
3. Proposed date: Second half of the VI c.-middle VII c.
Obv.: Archangel standing.
Rev.: Platonos pra(e)toros.
Remarks: M-8185. Photo on p. 122. Ed.: E. Stepanova, Pečati s latinskimi i
greko-latinskimi nadpisjami VI-VIII vv. iz sobranija Ermitaža (St. Petersburg,
2006), no. 135.
E. Stepanova, “Drevnerusskie anonimnye pečati XII-XIII vv. i ih vizantijskie proto-

tipy,” Hristianskaja ikonografija Vostoka i Zapada v pamjatnikah material’noj kul’tury
Drevnej Rusi i Vizantii. Pamjati Tatiany Čukovoj (St. Petersburg, 2006), 90-97.
Rev.: Bust of St. George.
145
2. Proposed date: XI c. (second half)

Rev.: St. Nicholas standing.
Remarks: Photo 5 on 97.
Rev.: Bust of St. Nicholas.
E. Stepanova, “Kar’era Stavrakija: iz provintsii v stolitsu,” ADSV 37 (2006), 155-163.

Seals of Staurakios from different editions.
E. Stepanova, “Pečati s monogrammami X-XIV vekov iz sobranija Ermitaža,”

Vizantijskaja ideja. Vizantija v epohu Komninov i Paleologov (St. Petersburg,
2006), 169-179.
1. Proposed date: IX/X c.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, Laurent type V, tetragram.
Rev.: Ἰωάννh/ βασιλικῷ στράτορι.
2. Proposed date: X c. (first half)
Obv.: Invocative monogram, Laurent type XII, tetragram.
Rev.: Πέτρῳ mοναχῷ καi; οijκονόmῳ τh'ς βασιλικh'ς mονh'ς Λακάpας.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, Laurent type XII, tetragram.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: Kriskentes ? (variant of W. Seibt: Krenites). In
the quarters: βασιλικῷ pρωτοσpαθαρίῳ καi; στρατιγῷ Στρυmῶνος.
4. Proposed date: Middle of the Xth c.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, Zacos-Veglery type LXXI, tetragram.
Rev.: Λέοντι mαγίστρῳ καi; δοmεστίκῳ τῶν σχωλῶν τh'ς Dύσεως.
Remarks: M-7158. Photo 4 on p.172. Cf. Zacos, no. 1077.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, Laurent type X-XI, tetragram.
Rev.: Ἀντoνivῳ βασιλικῷ σpαθαροκουβικουλαρίῳ.
Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Cruciform monogram.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: Θωmᾷ mοναχῷ.
Remarks: M-7135, 7136. Photo 7 on p. 173.
146
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: Κωνσταντίνῳ, in the quarters: mοναχῷ.
9. = Lihačev, Molivdovuly, Tab. LXXI, 13; Laurent, Corpus II, no. 812.
Obv.: St. Demetrios standing.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: Dηmητρίου.
11. = Lihačev, Molivdovuly, Tab. LXXI, 14.
12. Proposed date: XII c. (second half)
Obv.: Monogram: Μαρούλης
Rev.: Λέων oJ Ξανθόpωλος.
13. Proposed date: XIV c.
Rev.: Circular inscription: Σφραγi;ς Ἰωσh;φ οijκηvτην ejκτυpοu'σα.
Monogram: Βατάτζην Dούκαν.
Obv.: Monogram: Κωνσταντίνου
Rev.: Two monograms: Κοντο|στέφανος.
Remarks: Μ-8155. Photo 14 on p. 177.
Obv.: Monogram: Μιχαhvλ
Rev.: Monogram: Φιλοκάλης.
Obv.: Monogram: Κωνσταντίνου
Rev.: Monogram: Καταφλώρου (or Τρiακοντaφίλλου). W. Seibt: Κοντοστεφάνου
E. Stepanova, A. Farbej, “Vizantijskie svincovye pečati, najdennye v Sudake v 2005
g.,” Pričernomor’e, Krym, Rus’ v istorii i kul’ture 2 (Kiev-Sudak, 2006), 303-306
(Two seals of archonts of Cherson, IX c., seal of a spatharokandidatos and strategos
ton Klimaton Chersonos, IX c.).
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Ἰωάννh/ pατρικίῳ καi; στρατηγῷ Σουγδίας (?).
Remarks: Photo on p. 303.
A. Tzitzibassi (writer of the notices), L’approcio all’uomo bizantino attraverso
l’occhio di un collezionista (Athens, 2002), 65-66.
Some seals are illegible.
Obv.: Bust of a saint, orans.
Rev.: +K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) t(ῷ) s(ῷ) d(ouvlῳ) Basileivῳ.
147

Rev.: +K(uvri)e b(ohv)q(ei) Bavrda/
Remarks: The last word is perhaps (prw)to(pro)evªdrῳº.
Obv.: Bust of St Panteleimon, orans.
Rev.: +Sfragiv" eijmi eujtelou'" (mon)ac(ou') Basileivou.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, orans.
Rev.: +ªἉgºnh; skevªpoiº" me Muvªrwºna so;n ªoijkºevthn.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, orans.
Rev.: + Q(eotov)ke b(ohv)q(ei) to;n Ἀpavsion to;n Pakouriavnon.
Remarks: The magistros Apasios was the brother of Gregorios Pakourianos.
A.-K. Wassiliou, “Die Familie Hexamilites. Ein Beitrag zur byzantinischen Proso-

pographie,” Hellenika 52 (2002), 243-258.
3. Proposed date: X c., second half-beginning of the XI c.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps, with fleurons. Circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Κωνσταντίνῳ β. πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ καὶ στρατηγῷ τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει Σεργίῳ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ, β. νοταρίῳ
Rev.: καὶ κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
5. Proposed date: XI c., first half.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Μιχαὴλ ὁ τοῦ Ἑξαμιλίτου.
7a. Proposed date: 1040-1060.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type “Minimalorantengestus”.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Γεωργίῳ σπαθαροκανδιδάτῳ πρωτονοταρίῳ καὶ
κριτῇ Σελευκείας τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
7b. Proposed date: 1040-1060.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type “Minimalorantengestus”.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Γεωργίῳ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου
καὶ τῶν Ἀρμενικῶν θεμάτων ὁ Ἑξαμιλίτης.
9. Proposed date: Second-third quarter of the XI c.
Obv.: Bust of the St. Theodore.
Rev.: Σισιννίῳ β. πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
10. Proposed date: middle of the XI c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type Nikopoios.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Ἰωάννῃ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσοτρικλίνου
κριτῇ Σελευκείας καὶ κουράτωρι Ταρσοῦ τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
11. Proposed date: middle of the XI c.
Obv.: The Virgin seated on a throne, holding the Child in her lap.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Μιχαὴλ κένσωρα (καὶ) κριτὴν Παφλαγονίας τὸν
Ἑξαμιλίτην.
148
12. Proposed date: middle to third quarter of the XI c.

Rev.: Λέοντος αὕτη σφραγὶς Ἑξαμιλίτου τῦπον φέρουσα Μιχαὴλ
πρωτοστάτου.
13. Proposed date: Third quarter of the XI c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type Hagiosoritissa.
Rev.: ..... - πρόεδρῳ κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τοῦ Χαρσιανοῦ τῷ
Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
14a. Proposed date: Third quarter of the XI c.
Obv.: The Virgin seated on a backless throne, holding the Child in her lap.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Ἰωάννῃ πατρικίῳ ὑπάτῳ κριτῇ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ
τοῦ Ὀψικίου τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
14b. Proposed date: Third quarter of the XI c.
Obv.: The Virgin seated on a backless throne, holding the Child in her lap.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Ἰωάννῃ πατρικίῳ ἀνθυπάτῳ βέστῃ κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ
ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῶν Ἀνατολικῶν τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
15. Proposed date: Last third of the XI c.
Rev.: Λέοντός εἰμι σφραγὶς Ἑξαμιλίτου.
16. Proposed date: Last third of the XI c.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Λεοντᾷ σπαθαροκανδιδάτῳ ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσοτρικλίνου
τῷ τοῦ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
17i. Proposed date: 1065-ca. 1073.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Σεργίῳ
Rev.: βέστῃ καὶ κριτῇ τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
17ii. Proposed date: 1065-ca. 1073.
Obv.: Σεργίῳ βέστῃ
Rev.: καὶ κριτῇ τοῦ βήλου τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
17iii. Proposed date: 1065-ca. 1073.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει Σεργίῳ βέστῃ κριτῇ τοῦ βήλου
Rev.: καὶ τῶν Θρᾳκησίων τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
17iv. Proposed date: 1070-1080.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει Σεργίῳ βεστάρχῃ
17v. Proposed date: Ca. 1077-ca. 1081.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει Σεργίῳ πρωτοπροέδρῳ
17vi. Proposed date: Ca. 1080.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Σεργίῳ πρωτοπροέδρῳ
Rev.: δικαιοφύλακι καὶ ἐπάρχῳ τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
18a. Proposed date: Before 1088.
Obv.: The Virgin seated on a backless throne holding the medallion with the
Child before her.
Rev.: Ἐπιφανίῳ βεστάρχῃ καὶ κριτῇ τοῦ βήλου τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
149
20. Proposed date: XII c., first half.

Rev.: Ὁμώνυμον σόν Ἑξαμιλίτην σκέποις.
Obv.: Bust of St. John Prodromos.
Rev.: Ἰωάννου σφράγισμα Ἑξαμιλίτου.
App. Proposed date: Late XI c.-early XII c.
Obv.: St. Theodore, standing.
Rev.: Ὁμώνυμόν σον δούκα κουροπαλάτην μάρτυς μ᾿ Ἑξαμιλίου πολίτην
σκέποις.
A.-K. Wassiliou, “Προσωπογραφία και Σφραγιστική: Κριταί Καππαδοκίας
(10ος-11ος αι.). Σκέψεις σχετικά με την επιστημονική προσέγγιση του
σφραγιστικού υλικού,” in: Πρακτικά του Στ ´ Συνεδρίου για τον Ελληνισμό
της Μικράς Ασίας, (Thessaloniki, 2002), 41-54.
1. Proposed date: End of the X c.-beginning of the XI c.
Rev.: Μιχαὴλ σπαθαροκανδιδάτῳ ἀσηκρῆτις καὶ κριτῇ Καππαδοκίας.
2. Proposed date: First quarter of the XI c.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Μιχαὴλ ἀσηκρῆτις
Rev.: β. νοταρίῳ τοῦ εἰδικοῦ λόγου καὶ κριτῇ Κ.
Obv.: Bust of St. Demetrios.
Rev.: Ὑπατίῳ σπαθαροκανδιδάτῳ ἀσηκρῆτις καὶ κριτῇ Κ.
3a. Proposed date: Ca. 1040-1050.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Ὑπατίῳ κριτῇ Κ.
4. Proposed date: 1040-before 1050.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Κωνσταντίνῳ χαρτουλαρίῳ τοῦ
στρατιωτικοῦ λογοθεσίου
Rev.: κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ Κ.
5. Proposed date: Before the middle of the XI c.
Obv.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Θεογνώστῳ ὀστιαρίῳ
Rev.: κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῆς Κ.
Obv.: Theotokos Hagiosoritissa, standing.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Ἰωάννῃ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσοτρικλίνου
μυστογράφῳ κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῆς Κ. τῷ Νείλῳ (?)
Remarks: Other proposals: Νέρῃ, Νέγρῃ, Νεράιδᾳ, Νεμίτζῃ.
7. Proposed date: Middle of the XI c.
Obv.: Bust of St. Panteleimon.
Rev.: Κωνσταντίνῳ πρωτονοταρίῳ καὶ μυστολέκτῃ κριτῇ τοῦ βήλου ἐπὶ
τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῆς Κ.
8. Proposed date: Shortly after the middle of the XI c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Hodegetria (Dexiokratousa).
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Ἰωάννῃ πατρικίῳ κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῆς
Κ. τῷ Κηβουλαρίῳ.
Remarks: Read: Κηρουλαρίῳ.
150

Obv.: St. Michael, standing. Traces of a circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Μιχαὴλ πατρικίῳ χαρτουλαρίῳ τοῦ γενικοῦ λογοθεσίου κριτῇ ἐπὶ
τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῆς Κ.
Obv.: St. Demetrios, standing.
Rev.: Ἀθλητὰ βοήθει Θεοδώρῳ ὑπάτῳ κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῆς Κ.
11. Proposed date: Shortly after 1060-1070.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type Episkepsis, with a part of the invocative circular
inscription.
Rev.: Εὐθυμίῳ ἐξάκτωρι κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῆς Κ. τῷ
Καραβιτζιώτῃ.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type Nikopoios, with circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Συμεὼν βεστάρχῃ κένσωρι καὶ κριτῇ Κ. τῷ Οὐρανῷ.
Addendum ex Freeman and Sear (Los Angeles), Mail Bid Sale 8 (5.2.2003), no. 549
Proposed date: Second quarter of the XI c.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει Ἰωάννῃ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσοτρικλίνου
χαρτουλαρίῳ τοῦ στρατιωτικοῦ λογοθεσίου
Rev.: ἐξάκτωρι κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῆς Κ.
Note: Szemioth-Wasilewski proposed for no. 49, p. 36 the following dubious
reading:
Πέτρος β. πρωτοσπαθάριος καὶ κριτὴς Καππαδοκίας, but W. Seibt prefers
as hypothesis Πέτρῳ β. πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ ἀσηκρῆτις καὶ κριτῇ 9K.. The
geographical name is uncertain, the last (existing) letter can be a 9P or 9H.
Proposed date: Early XI c. and not X-XI c.
A.-K. Wassiliou, “Prosopographische Konsequenzen aus der möglichst gena-
uen Datierung byzantinischer Bleisiegel,” in: W. Hörandner - J. Koder -
M. A. Stassinopoulou (eds.), Wiener Byzantinistik und Neogräzistik. Beiträge zum
Symposion vierzig Jahre Institut für Byzantinistik und Neogräzistik der Universität
Wien im Gedenken an Herbert Hunger (Wien, 4.-7. Dezember 2002) (Byzantina et
Neograeca Vindobonensia 25) (Vienna, 2004), 482-486.
Ia. Obv.: St. Theodore Tiron, standing.
Rev.: Σαμουὴλ βεστάρχης καὶ δοὺξ Ἐδέσσης ὁ Ἀλουσιάνος.
Date: Ca. 1060-1070.
Ib. Obv.: Bust of St. John Prodromos.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Σαμουὴλ βεστάρχῃ καὶ στρατηγῷ τῷ
Ἀλουσιάνῳ.
Date: 1060-1080.
Ic. Obv. The Virgin seated on a backed throne, type Nikopoios. Circular
invocative inscription.
Rev.: Σαμουὴλ προέδρῳ καὶ δουκὶ τῷ Ἀλουσιάνῳ.
Date: 1070-1090.
Id. Obv.: The Virgin seated on a backless throne, holding the medallion of Christ
before her.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Σαμουὴλ προέδρῳ καὶ δουκὶ τῷ Ἀλουσιάνῳ.
Date: 1070-1090.
151
IIa. Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Μιχαὴλ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ, ἐξάκτωρι

Rev.: κριτῇ τοῦ Αἰγαίου Πελάγους τῷ Βαρεῖ.
Date: middle of the XI c.
IIb. Obv.: Σφραγὶς μαγίστρου Μιχαὴλ τοῦ Βαρέως
Rev.: τοῦ τὰς κρίσεις κρίνοντος ἔνθα νῦν κρίνει.
Date: Ca. third quarter of the XI c.
IIc. Obv.: The Virgin, type Hagiosoritissa, standing. Circular invocative
inscription.
Rev.: Μιχαὴλ μαγίστρῳ μεγάλῳ χαρτουλαρίῳ κριτῇ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ
τῶν Βουκελλαρίων τῷ Βαρεῖ.
Date: 1070-1080.
IId. Obv.: The Virgin, type Hagiosoritissa, standing. Circular invocative
inscription.
Rev.: Μιχαὴλ προέδρῳ κριτῇ τοῦ βήλου καὶ κοιαίστωρι τῷ Βαρεῖ.
Date: 1070-1090.
IIe. Obv.: The Virgin, type Hagiosoritissa, standing. Circular invocative
inscription.
Rev.: Μιχαὴλ κουροπαλάτῃ τῷ Βαρεῖ.
Date: 1090-ca.1093.
IIf. Obv.: The Virgin, type Hagiosoritissa, standing.
Rev.: Γραφὰς σφραγίζω Μιχαὴλ τοῦ Βαρέως.
Date: last third of the XI c.
IIg. Obv.: Bust of the St. John Prodromos.
Rev.: Σφραγὶς δικαστοῦ Μιχαὴλ τοῦ Βαρέως.
Date: Ca. middle of the XI c.
A.-K. Wassiliou, “Beamte des Themas der Kibyrraioten,” H. Hellenkemper -

Friedrich Hild, Lykien und Pamphylien (Tabula Imperii Byzantini 8) (Vienna,
2004), 408-413 (Appendix B).
Detailed chronological list of the military and civil functionaries of the theme of
the Kibyrraiotai with many corrections and edition of new material.
A.-K. Wassiliou, “Neue Siegel der 1. Hälfte des 9. Jh. aus Südostbulgarien. Mit
einem Appendix zu den Drugubiten,” in Numizmatičny i sfragističny prinosi k’m
istorijata na zapadnoto Černomorie. Meždunarodnaja konferentsija. Varna 12-15
sepremvri 2001 g. (Varna, 2004), 246-252. The seals belong to the collection D.
Theodoridis.
1. Proposed date: First half of the IX c.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram of Type Laurent V.
Rev.: +ªCºristoªfºovrῳ b(asilikῷ) kandidavtῳ (kai;) kom(m)erªkiarivῳº
Debelt(ou').
2. Proposed date: Second quarter of the IX c.
Rev.: +Kwnstant(ivnῳ) b(asilikῷ) sp(a)qa(rivῳ) k(ai;) kleisourav(rch)/
S(w)zop(ov)le(w").
152

Rev.: +Qeoktivstῳ b(asilikῷ) spaqar(ivῳ).

Obv.: Cruciform monogram of type Laurent V.
Rev.: +Pevtr(ῳ) b(asilikῷ) spaqar(ivῳ) (kai;) a[rc(onti) Drougoub(itw'n).
A.-K. Wassiliou, Review of DOSeals IV (2001), JÖB 54 (2004), 252-255; cf.

W. Seibt, BZ 96 (2003), 748-752.
4.1.3. Zacharias (?). Wassiliou: Zachaios?
4.1.5. ...tes. Wassiliou: Perhaps Leon. Cf. Seibt, 748.
4.1.7. Akepsimas. Wassiliou: Anthimos. Cf. Seibt, 748.
4.1.16. Without Personal name. Wassiliou: Perhaps Ioannes. Cf. Seibt, 748.
4.1.38. Without Personal name. Wassiliou: Perhaps Kosmas.
4.11. (Preface). Berlin II, no. 306 erroneous reading as τοποτηρητὴς Παφλαγονίας.
Wassiliou: κριτὴς ejπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου.
4.22.1. Basil (?). Wassiliou: Michael. Cf. Seibt, 749.
4.22.32. Artabasdos. Wassiliou: Other possibilities: Artabanes, Artakes.
4.22.37. Timites. Wassiliou: Timonites; cf. Seibt, 749.
4.22.51. Strategos of the Armeniakoi. Wassiliou: Archon tou Armamentou; cf.
Seibt, 750.
4.32.2. Ἄναρχε Κύριε καὶ ἐκ Θεοῦ λόγαι βοήθει. Wassiliou: Perhaps Ἀνάστασις
σὺ Κύριε καὶ Θεοῦ Λόγε.
4.39.3. Obv.: St. Theodore or Theodosios. Ἅγιε Θεόδωρε βοήθει... Wassiliou:
Only St. Theodore. Ἅγιε Θεόδωρε ...
4. 40.4. Salos (?). Wassiliou: Alternative readings: Salibas (?), Saloukes (?).
4.40.5. Μιχαὴλ φύλαξε σὸν Σῶτερ ἀνθρώπων? χαρτουλαρίῳ δρόμου καὶ
Χαρσιάνου. Wassiliou: Σῶτερ προέδρῳ (?) Μιχαὴλ φύλαξ ἔσο καὶ
Χαρσιανοῦ χαρτουλαρίῳ δρόμου. Cf. Seibt 750.
4.40.13. Without title, κριτὴς ἐπὶ τοῦ βήλου. Wassiliou: πρόεδρος, κριτὴς ἐπὶ
τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου. Cf. Eadem, “Hexamilites,” Hellenika 52 (2002), 251, no. 13
and Seibt, 750. Commentary: Georgios Hexamilites in Konstantopoulos,
Stamoules, no. 78 was judge of the Armenika themata and not of Armeniakon
(DOSeals). Cf. Wassiliou, “Hexamilites,” 247-248, no. 7b.
44.3.6. N. Kamateros. Wassiliou: Euthymios Karabitziotes. Cf. Eadem,
“Προσωπογραφία και Σφραγιστική. Κριταί Kαππαδοκίας,” 49f.; Seibt -
Zarnitz 2.2.1 (commentary); Seibt BZ 96, 750.
4.43.12. Aporos (?). Wassiliou: Pantoleon (?). Cf. Seibt 751.
4.46.3. ὁ τοῦ Κατακάλου. Wassiliou: ὁ τοῦ Καραμάλλου. Cf. Seibt, 751.
4.50.1. Βερίσσων (?). Wassiliou: Alternative reading: Κησκισίων.
4.51.1. Sebastoupolis. Wassiliou: Sebasteia.
153
4.68.6. Protokankellarios. Wassiliou: Alternative reading: Megas kankellarios.

4.68.9. Λόγοις ὁ Χρυσοῦς καὶ γραφαῖς ἔχει φύλαξ. Wassiliou: Λόγοις σύμπνεε
καὶ γραφαῖς σκέπε φύλαξ. Cf. Seibt, 752.
4.74.3. 674-681. Wassiliou: 675/676 according to iconographical characteristics on
imperial coins. Cf. Grierson, Catalogue, II/2, 514, 516, Pl. XXXII 8f.; W. Hahn,
Moneta Imperii Byzantini, III, (Vienna, 1981), 150, Pl. 33, 35 and 46.
A.-K. Wassiliou, “Ένα αξιοπρόσεκτο μολυβδόβουλλο της συλλογής Zarnitz.

Ο επίσκοπος Ηρακλειουπόλεως Δομέτιος και ο άγιος Αθηνογένης,” Hellenika
55/2 (2005), 239-248.
Obv.: St. Athenogenes, standing.
Rev.: Δομετίου ἐπισκόπου Ἡρακλειουπόλεως.
Date: VII/VIII c.
Remarks: No parallels.
A.-K. Wassiliou, Review of DOSeals V (2005), JÖB 57 (2007), 397-400; cf.

W. Seibt, BZ 100 (2007), 231-236.
5.6.7. Demetrios? Wassiliou: Bekenes (?)
5.6.12. Primikerios (?) and kleisouriarches. Wassiliou: Asekretis and judge. Cf.
Jordanov, Corpus I, no. 68.1; Seibt, 232.
5.17.1. Τιβεριάδος. Wassiliou: Τιβεριουπόλεως?
5.22.4. Λέοντος δεσπότου. Wassiliou: Σταυρὸς Κύριος τοῦ παθόντος δεσπότου.
5.24.5. 9PT,XL. Wassiliou: ὁ τοῦ Χλευέρῃ (?).
5.25.9. Χριστοφόρῳ (?). Wassiliou: Θεοπίστῳ (?).
5.42.43. Τριγ... Wassiliou: Τριγόνης (?). Cf. Seibt, 234 (Gregoras?).
5.50.2. Τοῦ καθηγουμένου τῆς ... Wassiliou: Τοῦ καθηγέτου μονῆς ... Cf. Seibt,
234.
5.54.2. ...τὸν σὸν δοῦλον ...Wassiliou: με σόν or τὸν σόν ...
5.55.2. Incomplete. Wassiliou: M9ON or M9EN for μόνον or μένω. Cf. Seibt, 235
(μάνδρας).
5.83.1. Καθιγιτῇ. Wassiliou: Καθηγέτῃ instead of καθηγουμένῳ. Cf. Seibt,
235.
5.88.1. Hypothesis: Τῶν καλλινίκων. Wassiliou: τῶν Ξυλινιτῶν. Cf. Seibt,
235.
5.94.1. ΛVM. (St. Olympios?). Wassiliou: Ἀλυπίου (?) (monastery of St. Alypios).
5.104.1. ἀφ᾿ ὧν. Wassiliou: νοῶν. Cf. Seibt, 235.
5.112.1. Ζαρζηλήας. Wassiliou: Καραλίας. Cf. Seibt, BSl 35 (1974) 80 and
Idem, BZ 100 (2007), 235.
154
AUCTIONS, 2002-2006
Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. Triton V (January 15-16, 2002)

2303. Proposed date: XI century.
Rev.: Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlw/ Nikhfovro/ ojstiarivw/ kai; (prwto).ounhg
Remarks: Perhaps prwtoκunhgῷ.
2304. Similar to Zacos, Seals II, no. 63a.
Classical Numismatic Group (Lancaster, Pennsylvania - London), Sale 60 (22

May 2002)
2055a. Proposed date: Ca. VII c.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, between two crosses, with the bust of Christ before
her.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram, with pellet in each angle, Κομιτᾶ.
Remarks: Without reading.
2055b. Proposed date: Ca. VII c.
Rev.: Σὸν Γρηγόριον οἰκέτην σῶσον, Λόγ(ε), τὸν δούκα λιταῖς μάρτυρ(ος)
Θεοδώρου.
Date: XI/XII c.
Remarks: About falsifications of this type cf. A. - K. Wassiliou, “Siegel in Kopie
und Fälschung”, in: Ch. Gastgeber (ed.), Kopie und Fälschung (Graz, 2001),
137-139, no. 41.
2056-2057. Proposed date: Ca. 1074 (Nikephoros Botaneiates κουροπαλάτης).
2058. Proposed date: Ca. X-XII c.
Rev.: Βρανᾶν Μιχ(αὴλ) σὸν λάτριν, μάρτυς, σκέποις.
Date: XII c., second half.
Remarks: Without reading.
2059. Proposed date: Ca. XI c.
Obv.: Bust of the archangel Michael.
Rev.: Κ(ύρι)ε β(ο)ήθ(ει) [Ἐπ](ι)φάνιο(ς) (πρωτο)σπ(αθάριος) (?) καὶ
ταξιάρχης τ(ῷ) Ἐφορβ(η)ν(ῷ).
Remarks: Anacolouth. Incomplete and erroneous reading (Stephan).
2060. Proposed date: 1282-1328.
Imperial seal. Andronikos II (1282-1328) or Andronikos III (1328-1341).
Classical Numismatic Group (Lancaster, Pennsylvania - London), Sale 61 (2002)

2300. Proposed date: January 1170-March 1178.
Patriarchal seal. Michael III (of Anchialos).
155
AUCTIONS
2304. Proposed date: Ca. late X c.-1204.

Obv.: Bust of the archangel Michael.
Rev.: Κ(ύρι)ε β(οή)θ(ει) τῷ σῷ δού(λῳ) Θεοδωρίτ(ῳ) βέστῃ (καὶ) κατεπάν(ω).
Date: XI c., ca. middle.
Remarks: Erroneous reading (Theodore, Despot of Kademan?)
Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. Electronic Auction 80 (January 7, 2004)

Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram: Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: +Bavrda/ patrikivw/.
274. Similar to Sode, Bleisiegel, no. 317. Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 242 (no. 637)
Obv.: +Sisinnivou ajpo; ejpavrcwn.
Rev.: +douvlou th'" Qeotovkou.
Obv.: Bust of St. Polycarp holding a book in the left hand.
Rev.: +Mhtrofavnh" mhtropolivth" Smuvrnh".
Remarks: The saint is misidentified as St. Polyeuktos.
277. Proposed date: Ca. X c.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps with vine tendrils curling upward from the
base. Circular inscription: +Kuvrie bohvqei tῷ sῷ douvlw/.
Rev.: Micah;l basilikῷ prwtospaqarivw/ kai; strathgῷ Seleukeiva".
Remarks: Possibly the same as Münz Zentrum Sale 93, no. 584.
Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. Mail Bid Sale 66 (May 19, 2004)
1833. Proposed date: 1142-1194.
Obv.: Bust of St. Peter.
Rev.: Bust of Patriarch Aimery of Antioch. Circular inscription: +Aimericus
patriarcha antiocenus.
1834. Proposed date: 1152-1187.
Obv.: Knight on horseback profile r. Circular inscription: Raimundus comes
tripolitanus.
Rev.: City gate of Tripoli. Circular inscription: +Et hec sua civitas Tripolis.
Remarks: For a similar seal see Seyrig, no. 382.
Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. Mail Bid Sale 67 (September 22, 2004)
1879. Classical Numismatic Group 51 (September 15, 1999), no. 1659.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin holding a medallion before her. Circular inscription:
Qeotovke bohvqei.
Rev.: Half-length bust of an imperial figure holding a long cross in the r.
hand. Circular inscription: Nikhfovrw/.
Remarks: The figure is misidentified. It is the caesar Nikephoros Melissenos
(1081-1104). For a similar specimen see Zacos - Veglery, no. 2698.
156
AUCTIONS
Classical Numismatic Group (Lancaster, Pennsylvania - London), Mail Bid

Sale 69 (8 June 2005)
2269. Lot of three lead seals.
Proposed date: Ca. VI-XII c.
1. Theodoros Bebaptismenos πρωτοσπαθάριος, ὕπατος καὶ στρατηγός
(XI c., third quarter). For another specimen cf. SBS 8 (2003), 243, 765.
2. Obv.: St. Demetrios, standing.
Rev.: Γραφὰς <σ>εβαστοῦ Λέοντ<ο>ς τοῦ Γηράρδου <μυ>ροβλ(ύ)τα
<μέγιστα κῦρος σὺ δίδου>.
Date: End of XII-XIII c.
Remarks: Cf. Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, 50.
3. Imperial seal. Justinian I. Rev.: Nike/Victoria between crosses.
2270. Lot of two seals.
Proposed date: Ca. IX-XII c.
1. Obv.: St. George, standing.
Rev.: N.N. χαρτοφύλαξ.
Date: XII c., second half–XIII c.
Remarks: The editors proposed Gregorios as name.
2. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Nikopoios.
Rev.: Κων(σταντίνῳ) [β(ασιλικῷ) (πρωτο)σ]παθ(αρίῳ) [χα]ρτουλ(αρίῳ)
τοῦ [στ]ρατι(ω)τ(ικοῦ) [λ]ογοθ(εσίου) (καὶ) (πρωτο)νοτ(αρίῳ).
Date: XI c., ca. first third.
Remarks: No reading.
2271. Lot of four seals.
Proposed date: Ca. XI-XII c.
1. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type Episkepsis. Circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: [Γεωργί]ῳ σεβαστ[ῷ] τῷ Παλα[ι]ολόγῳ.
Date: XI/XII c.
Remarks: Cf. Konstantopulos, no. 493β (incomplete reading); SBS 8 (2003),
224, no. 2173.
2. Christophoros Timonites κριτὴς τοῦ βήλου.
Date: Late XI c.
Remarks: Many parallels. Cf. Laurent, Corpus II, 828; Stavrakos, Bleisiegel,
260.
3. Georgios Palaiologos σεβαστός. Similar to no. 1, but from another
boulloterion.
4. Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps with fleurons. Circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Θωμᾷ πατρικ(ίῳ) πρ(αι)ποσίτ(ῳ) β(ασιλικῷ) (πρωτο)σπαθ(αρίῳ)
(καὶ) λογοθέτ(ῃ) τ... - ….
Date: XI c., ca. second quarter.
Remarks: Perhaps τοῦ δρόμου or τῶν ἀγελῶν.
157
AUCTIONS
2272. Lot of two seals.

Proposed date: Ca. XI-XII c.
1. Imperial seal. Romanos I, Christophoros and Constantine VII (copy) .
Remarks: Cf. Zacos - Veglery, no. 66 (original).
2. Obv.: Composition of a Deesis. The Virgin, type Episkepsis in the center in a
medallion, l. St. Peter standing, r. St. Paul standing.
Rev.: Εὐστάθιον, πάναγνε, καὶ μύσται Λόγου, τῆς Ἀδριανοῦ τὸν θύτην
σκέποιτέ με.
Remarks: No reading. Cf. Jordanov, Corpus I, no. 3.8.
Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. Mail Bid Sale 72 (June 14, 2006)
2167. Similar to Zacos, Seals II, no. 17e
Freeman and Sear (Los Angeles), Mail Bid Sale 8 (5 February 2003)
Obv.: Κ(ύρι)ε β(οή)θ(ει) Ἰω(άννῃ) (πρωτο)σπαθ(αρίῳ) [ἐ(πὶ) τ(οῦ] χρ(υ-
σο)(τρι)κλ(ίνου) χ(α)ρτ(ουλαρίῳ) τ(οῦ) στρ(α)[τ]ιωτ(ι)[κ(οῦ)]
λογ(ο)θ(εσ(ί)ου
Rev.: ἐξάκτωρ(ι), κριτ(ῇ) ἐπ(ὶ) [τ(οῦ)] ἱπποδρ(ό)μου (καὶ) τῆς
Καππαδοκία(ς).
Date: XI c., ca. 1020-1035.
Remarks: Incomplete reading.
Freeman and Sear (Los Angeles), Mail Bid Sale 9 (16 July 2003)
Obv.: Bust of St. Michael. Circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Θεοδ(ω)ρήτ(ῳ) (πρωτο)σπαθαρ(ίῳ) (καὶ) στρατηγ(ῷ).
Remarks: No reading. Cf. Jordanov, Preslav, no. 357.
729. Proposed date: XII c., middle.
Obv.: St. George standing
Rev.: Μάρτυς, Ἰωσὴφ Βρυέννιόν με σκέπ(οις).
730. Imperial seal. Andronikos II (1282-1328) or Andronikos III (1328-1341)
Remarks: In the catalogue latter is excluded.
Gorny & Mosch (Munich), Sale 114 (4 March 2002)

454. Ekklesiekdikoi of Hagia Sophia.
Date: XIII c.
Gorny & Mosch, Sale 115 (5 March 2002)

1909. Anonymous seal of an emperor.
Date: IV/V c.
1910. Obv.: Eagle with snake.
Rev.: blank.
Date: IX/X c.
158
AUCTIONS
1911. Imperial seal of Nikephoros III (Botaneiates).

Date: 1078-1081. Cf. Zacos – Veglery 98b.
1912. Obv.: St. Demetrios, standing.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Θεοδώρῳ σεβαστῷ τῷ Κομνηνῷ.
Date: Late XI c.; cf. J. - Cl. Cheynet, “L'iconographie des sceaux des
Comnènes,” Cl. Ludwig (ed.), Siegel und Siegler. Akten des 8. inter.
Symp. f. byz. Sigillographie (BBS 7) (Frankfurt am Main, 2005), 61,
pl. II (196), fig. 5.
Gorny & Mosch, Sale 117 (14 October 2002)

774. Imperial seal of Constantine IX (Monomachos) (1042-1055).
Remarks: Zacos - Veglery, no. 79a.
Gorny & Mosch, Sale 118 (14-15 October 2002)

2588. Imperial seal of Constantine VII and Zoe (914-919).
Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 62.
2589. Obv.: Bust of St. George. Circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Θεοδωροκάνος πατρίκιος καὶ δοὺξ Ἀδριανοπόλεως.
Date: Early XI c.; cf. Jordanov, Corpus I, no. 3.2.
2590. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Hodegetria. Circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Πέτρῳ ἀσηκρῆτις καὶ κριτῇ Σελευκείας, Ποδαντοῦ καὶ Tαρσοῦ τῷ
Γυμνῷ.
Date: XI c. (middle). Cf. Wassiliou-Seibt, Bleisiegel II, no. 205.
2591. Obv.: Representation of the church of Hagia Sophia.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Μιχαὴλ ἐπισκόπῳ Χαριουπόλεως (?)
Date: XI c.; cf. Seyrig 239; Laurent, Corpus V/1, no. 335 (from a different
boulloterion).
2592. Obv.: The Virgin Blachernitissa, standing.
Rev.: Τὸν πρωταλλαγάτορα Μανικαΐτην πράττοντα καὶ γράφοντα,
παρθένε, σκέπε.
Date: XIII c.
2593. Cross on steps. Circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Ἰωάννῃ β. κανδιδάτῳ καὶ πρωτονοταρίῳ.
Date: IX c., second half.
2594. Obv.: Bust of Jesus Christ (cross without nimbus). Along the border,
between two concentric circles, inscription starting at the top. Κύριε
βοήθει Μιχαὴλ ἄρχοντα Βουλγαρίας.
Rev.: Bust of the Virgin (early “Minimalorantengestus”). Along the border,
between two concentric circles, inscription starting at the top. Θεοτόκε
βοήθει Μιχαὴλ ἄρχοντα Βουλγαρίας.
Remarks: Michael I (Boris) 842-889. Cf. Jordanov, Corpus, fig. 14-24.
159
AUCTIONS
2595. Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps. Circular invocative inscription.

Rev.: Δημητρίῳ κληρικῷ βοεάνῳ, ἀμήν.
Remarks: For βοάνος / βοεάνος cf. e.g. LBG I 283.
2769. Lot, partly with seals.
2775. Lot of 8 lead seals.
Gorny & Mosch (Munich), Sale 122 (10-11 March 2003)

2397. Imperial seal of Leon III (717-720).
2398. Imperial seal of Andronikos II (1282-1328) or Andronikos III (1328-
1341).
2399. Obv.: Composition of a Deesis. St. Peter (l.) and st. Paul (r.), standing; in
the centre a medaillon of the Virgin Episkepsis.
Rev.: Εὐστάθιον, πάναγνε καὶ μύσται Λόγου, τῆς Ἀδριανοῦ τὸν θύτην
σκέποιτέ με.
2400. Repetition of Gorny & Mosch 118, no. 2593 (Ioannes b. kandidatos kai
protonotarios).
2401. Obv.: St. Theodore, standing.
Rev.: Βρανᾶν Μιχαὴλ σὸν λάτριν, μάρτυς, σκέποις.
Gorny & Mosch, Sale 125 (13 October 2003)

632. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Hodegetria, with Andronikos Rogerios, founder of
the convent Theotokos Chrysokamariotissa, kneeling in front of her
with a model of the church. Along the circumference, between two
concentric circles, metrical inscription starting at the top. Σκέποις με,
χρυσόπαστε παστὰς Κυρίου.
Rev.: Monogram of Rogerios. Along the circumference, between two
concentric circles, continues the metrical inscription starting at the top.
Σεβαστὸν Ἀνδρόνικον ἐκ Ρογερίων.
Date: XIIc., second half. Cf. Jordanov, Corpus II, no. 597.

3005. Imperial seal of Alexios I (1081-1118).
3006. Modern falsification of an imperial seal, imitating a piece of Romanos I,
Christophoros and Constantine VII (922/24-931). Cf. Zacos-Veglery 66.
Gorny & Mosch (Munich), Sale 134 (11-12 October 2004)

Rev.: Uncertain monogram, probably Kamateros.
Date: XII c., second half–XIII c.
3589. Lot of 9 seals.
3590. Lot of 6 seals.
160
AUCTIONS
Gorny & Mosch (Munich), Sale 138 (7-8 Mars 2005)

Obv.: The Virgin Hodegetria, standing (on a suppedaneum). Circular
invocative inscription.
Rev.: Νικολάῳ ἀρχιεπισκόπῳ Κωνσταντινουπόλεως Νέας Ρώμης.
Remarks: Unknown seal of Nicolas II (Chrysoberges).
2675. Proposed date: X/XI c.
Obv.: Jesus Christ, standing (on a suppedaneum). Inscription ὁ παντοκράτωρ.
Rev.: Σκέποις Γαβριὴλ σὸν θύτην, παντοκράτωρ.
2676. Proposed date: X/XI c.
Obv.: St. Nicolas, standing.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Συμεὼν βεστάρχῃ καὶ κατεπάνω Ἀδριανουπόλεως
καὶ Μεσημβρίας.
Date: XI c., second half. Cf. Jordanov, Corpus I, no. 3A.9.
Gorny & Mosch (Munich), Sale 142 (10-11 October 2005)

3333. Proposed date: III c.
Pythagoras seated, with a roll (“Buchrolle”) and sceptre before a globus.
Above monogram ΠΥΘΑ.
Date: V-VI c.
Remarks: A seated studying figure in front of a globus on a table. Above a
monogram, probably Ἀνδρέου.
Obv.: Anonymous busts of two emperors, above a cross. Valentian I and
Valens.
Rev.: Victoria/Nike, standing.
Remarks: Doubtful identification. Obv. emperor with co-emperor or emperor
with empress. Date: IV-V c.
3337. Repetition of Gorny & Mosch (Munich), 122 (10-11 Mars 2003), no. 2398
(Andronikos II or Andronikos III).
3338. Proposed date: Ca. 660-720.
Obv.: St. Thekla orans, between two lions.
Rev.: Θεοδώρου.
Date: VII c.
Obv.: The emperor Anastasios II, standing. Indiction IB. Circular inscription:
Συνετοῦ καὶ Νικήτα ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων.
Rev.: καὶ γενικῶν κομμερκιαρίων ἀποθήκης ΠΑΣ ?ΥΛΗΛΣΣ? ΣΗΔΗΛ?
Date: 713/714.
Remarks: … ἀποθήκης Παμφυλίας καὶ Πισιδίας.
161
AUCTIONS

Obv.: Invocative monogram with tetragram.
Rev.: Ἰωάννῃ ὑπάτῳ.
Date: VIII c., second half.
Rev.: Στεφάνῳ διοικητῇ.
Date: VIII c., ca. second half.
3342. Proposed date: Ca. VIII c.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram. Ἰωάννου. Along the circumference, between
two concentric circles, traces of an inscription.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram. Ὑπάτου. Along the circumference, between
two concentric circles, traces of an inscription.
Date: VII c.
Obv.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Σταυρακίῳ ὑπάτῳ.
Rev.: καὶ διοικητῇ τῶν ἐπαρχιῶν.
Rev.: N.N. πατρικίῳ β. πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ καὶ στρατηγῷ τῶν Βουκελλαρίων.
Date: VIII c., ca. second half.
Rev.: Εὐσταθίῳ β. σπαθαροκανδιδάτῳ καὶ κλεισουριάρχῃ Σελευκείας.
Date: IX c., first half.
3346. Proposed date: Ca. IX c.
Rev.: Ἀναστασίῳ κόμιτι καὶ ἐπείκτῃ.
3347. Repetition of Hirsch 189 (7-10 February 1996), no. 966 (Stylianos bishop
of Sardeis). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 132.
3348. Proposed date: ca. 950-971.
Obv.: Crux gemmata with tendrils. Circular inscription.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram, Βασιλείῳ. In the quarters μαγίστρῳ. Circular
inscription, beginning at the top, καὶ λογοθέτῃ τῶν ἀγελῶν.
Obv.: Bust of St. Nicholas. Circular inscription.
Rev.: Σεργίῳ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ καὶ κριτῇ Μελιτηνῆς.
Remarks: Parallel to DOSeals 4.68.3.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Ἰωάννῃ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ ἐπὶ τοῦ
χρυσοτρικλίνου ὑπάτῳ (?) κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ τῶν
Ἀρμενιακῶν.
Remarks: Cf. Zacos, Seals II, no. 990.
162
AUCTIONS

Obv.: Virgin Hagiosoritissa standing.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Φωτεινῷ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ καὶ ὑπάτῳ.
Date: XI c., second half.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Λέοντι στρατηγῷ.
Rev.: καὶ ἀναγραφεῖ Σελευκείας τῷ Βλάγγᾳ.
Remarks. Cf. Šandrovskaja-Seibt, no. 49.
Obv.: Οὗ σφραγίς εἰμι.
Rev.: τὴν γραφὴν βλέπων νόει.
Rev.: Σφραγὶς ὁ μάρτυς τῶν ἐμῶν νῦν πρακτέων ὁμωνυμῶν μοι Σκαράνῳ
Γεωργίῳ.
Remarks: Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, no. 232.
3356. Repetition of Münz Zentrum (Rheinland) 117 (10-13 September 2003) 685
(Georgios Tetragonites).
Gorny & Mosch (Munich) 147 (6-7 Mars 2006)

Obv.: Bust of an emperor. Circular inscription [DN PROCO]PIVS P F AVG.
Rev.: Victoria/Nike.
2482. Imperial seal of Constantine X (Doukas) (1059-1067)
2483. Proposed date: V/VI c.
Obv.: Trident and tendril.
Rev.: Epictetus.
Obv.: Εὐφημίας.
Rev.: ὑπατίσσης.
Date: VII c.
Obv.: Eagle, snake, Christogram.
Rev.: Δομετίου.
Obv.: Χριστοφόρου ΑΑ.
Rev.: Strange letters.
Obv.: The emperor Tiberius II, standing. Indiction IΔ and ΙΕ.
Rev: καὶ γενικοῦ κομμερκιαρίου πρώτης καὶ δευτέρας τῶν Κιλικιῶν.
Remarks: Attributed to Constantine apo eparchon.
163
AUCTIONS
2488. Repetition of Hirsch 212 (22-24 November 2000), no. 681 (Stephanos b.
spatharios kai chartoularios).
Remarks: Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 231.
2489. Proposed date: VIII c., second quarter.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram, Ἰωάννῃ. Along the circumference, between
two concentric circles, Θεοτόκε βοήθει.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram, πατρικίῳ. Along the circumference, between
two concentric circles, καὶ λογοθέτῃ τοῦ δρόμου.
2490. Proposed date: VIII c., ca. second third.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, in the quarters Στεφάνῳ.
Rev.: ῾Υπάτῳ, β. σπαθαροκανδιδάτῳ καὶ πρωτοστράτορι.
2491. Proposed date: Ca. 869/886.
Obv.: Cross potent on steps. Circular inscription.
Rev.: Λέοντι μαγίστρῳ, ἀνθυπάτῳ, β. πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ καὶ λογοθέτῃ τοῦ
ὀξέως δρόμου.
2492. Proposed date: X c., ca. third quarter.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ
Rev.: Νικηφόρῳ πατρικίῳ τῷ Καραμάλλῳ.
Date: X c., second half.
Rev.: Κωνσταντῖνος πρωτοσπαθάριος, ἐπὶ τοῦ μαγλαβίου ὁ Ἀριανίτης.
Date: XI c., second quarter.
2494. Proposed date: Ca. 1000-1050
Obv.: Bust of St. Stephen.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Μιχαὴλ ἐπισκόπῳ Ἀπαμείας.
2495. Proposed date: XI c., first half.
Obv.: Bust of St. Zacharias.
Rev.: Θεοφύλακτος πατρίκιος ὁ Ἁγιοζαχαρίτης.
2496. Proposed date: XI c., second half.
Rev.: Πράξεις σφραγὶς κυροῦσα τὰς Νικολάου.
2497. Repetition of Hirsch 240 (2-4 May 2005), no. 779 (Koloneiates? Michael
proedros).
2498. Repetition of Hirsch 205 (22-25 September 1999), no. 1177 (Maurokatakalon
Gregorios).
Remarks: SBS 8 (2003), 229.

2678. Proposed date: After 527.
Imperial seal (Justin I with Justinian).
164
AUCTIONS

Imperial seal (Basileios I).
Imperial seal (Romanos I)
2681. Proposed date: 1042-1055.
Imperial seal (Constantine IX).
2682. Proposed date: 1055-1056.
Obv.: Bust of Jesus Christ. Sigla and circular inscription.
Rev.: Bust of the empress Thedora (sic).
Remarks: Rev. bust of the empress Irene Doukaina (1081-1118). Cf. Seibt,
Bleisiegel, no. 28.
Obv.: Eagle with invocative monogram.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram, Ῥωμανοῦ.
Date: VII c.
Remarks: Alternative solutions: Μαρίνου, Μαριανοῦ.
2684. Repetition of Hirsch 240 (2-4 May 2005), no. 772 (Tatianos patrikios).
2685. Repetition of Schenk Behrens 89 (1 December 2004), no. 315 (Ioannes
Plagiotes apo eparchon).
Obv.: Invocative monogram.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram Θεοφυλάκτου.
2687. Repetition of Hirsch 240 (2-4 May 2005), no. 771 (Akylas hypatos).
2688. Repetition of Hirsch 240 (2-4 May 2005), no. 776 (Georgios patrikios).
2689. Repetition of Müller (Solingen), Sale 72 (23 October 1992), no. 680
(Gabriel droungarios).
Remarks: SBS 6 (1999), 143.
Obv.: Invocative monogram Χριστέ, βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ.
Rev.: Αὐγουστίνῳ πρωτοβεστιαρίῳ (sic).
Remarks: Pρωτοβεστίτορι.
2691. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 100 (8-10 September 1999), Lot 818, 71
(Theodotos hypatos).
Remarks: SBS 8 (2003), 244.
2692. Repetition of Lanz 62 (26 Novenber 1992) 975 (Ioulianos domestikos).
Remarks: SBS 6 (1999), 139.
Rev.: Νικολάῳ πατρικίῳ, β. πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ καὶ στρατηγῷ τῶν
Βουκελλαρίων.
Remarks: The name is uncertain.
165
AUCTIONS
2694. Repetition of Gorny & Mosch 142 (10-11 October 2005), no. 3345
(Eustathios b. spatharokandidatos kai kleisouriarches Seleukeias).
(Euphemianos b. spatharios kai epi tou manglabiou). Cf. SBS 8 (2003),
244.
2696. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 81 (30 March - 10 April 1995), no. 1512
(Niketas magistros, droungarios tou b. ploimou kai katepano ton
ploimon). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 153.
2697. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 101 (15-18 December 1999), no. 566 (Symeon
b. protospatharios kai anagrapheus ton Armeniakon). Cf. SBS 8, 244-245.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps, tendrils. Circular inscription.
Rev.: Λέοντι β. πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν οἰκειακῶν ὁ Ἀκάπνης.
2699. Repetition of Schenk Behrens 79 (17-18 March 2000), no. 346 (Eustathios
b. protospatharios kai epi ton oikeiakon). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 252.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin orans (“Minimalorantengestus”). Κύριε (sic) βοήθει
Λέοντι.
Rev.: Bust of St. John Theologos.
Date: XI c.
Remarks: On the obv. minimal traces of a circular inscription. The name is
not sure.
2701. Proposed date: X-XI c.
Obv.: … τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Παύλῳ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσοτρικλίνου
Rev.: [κριτῇ ἐπὶ] τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου καὶ στρατιωτικῷ λογοθέτῃ.
Date: XI c., first half. Cf. Laurent, Corpus II, no. 545.
2702. Repetition of Hirsch 196 (24-27 September 1997) 1033 (Leon? protospa-
tharios, megas kourator kai krites ton Anatolikon). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 227.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Ἰωάννῃ τῷ Γουναριώτῃ.
Remarks: Collection Seibt, Vienna.
Obv.: Bust of St. Stephen.
Rev.: Γραφὰς Ἰωάννου σφραγΙΤ ΓΡΙΤΗ (sic) (attributed to the Venetian
family Gritti).
Date: Early XII th c.
Remarks: … σφραγίζω Ἀγρίτου. Cf. Šandrovskaja-Seibt, no. 6.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Μιχαὴλ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ
Rev.: ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσοτρικλίνου τῷ Μαραχᾷ.
Remarks: Cf. Cheynet, Antioche, no. 21.
166
AUCTIONS
2706. Repetition of Hirsch 186 (10-12 May 1995), no. 1636 (Basileios
protospatharios kai krites Paphlagonias). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 130.
Obv.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Μιχαήλ
Rev.: κριτῇ τῶν Ἀνατολικῶν.
Date: XI c., first half.
2708. Repetition of Gorny & Mosch 142 (10-11 october 2005), no. 3350 (John
protospatharios epi tou chrysotr., hypatos?, krites epi tou hippodromou kai
ton Armeniakon).
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Hodegetria.
Rev.: Τὸν Κατακαλὼν Νικόλαόν με σκέποις.
Date: XIII c. (last third)–XIV c. (first half).
(Basileios Xeros magistros, krites of Aigaion Pelagos). Cf. SBS 8, 244.
Obv.: ὁ ἅγιος Θεόδωρος (?) (sic).
Rev.: Cruciform monogram. Γεωργίου ἐπισκόπου.
Remarks: On the obv. a bust of St. Thomas. Circular inscription. Ὁ ἅγιος
Θωμᾶς. Rev.: Alternative solution Γρηγορίου ἐπισκόπου.
2712. Proposed date: Ca. XII c.
Obv: Bust of Jesus Christ without nimbus.
Rev.: Bust of a saint or of the Virgin (sic).
Remarks: Symeon of Bulgaria. Cf. Jordanov, Corpus 40ff.
2713. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 77 (13-15 April 1994), no. 1181 (Theodoros
Megalommates).
Remarks: Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 151; Seibt-Zarnitz 4.1.8.
2912. Lot of 13 seals (partly with illustrations).
Hauck and Aufhäuser (Munich), Sale 17 (18-19 Mars 2003)

751. Imperial Seal. The empress Theodora, wife of Michael VIII Palaiologos
(1259-1282).
Remarks: Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 122.
Hirsch, Sale 220 (21-22 February 2002)

1811. Obv.: Cruciform monogram with crosses. Βησήρ. Circular inscription
Ἐξελοῦ με, Κύριε, ἐξ ἀνθρώπου πονηροῦ.
Rev.: Inscribed cruciform monogram πατρικίου καὶ στρατηγοῦ. Circular
inscription: Ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς ἀδίκου καὶ δολίου ρῦσαί με.
Remarks: Cf. SBS 6, 126-127; Wassiliou-Seibt, Bleisiegel II, 284 (720-741).
1813. Obv.: The Apostles Peter and Paul, standing.
Rev.: Ἀποστόλων σκέποις με, δυὰς ἁγία, Τορνίκιον πρόεδρον ἐκ πάσης
βλάβης.
167
AUCTIONS
Remarks: Copper token. ΧΙ c., second half. Cf. W. Seibt, Sammlung Köhler-
Osbahr V/4 (Duisburg 2001), no. 47.
Hirsch, Sale 223 (26-28 September 2002)

2509. Obv.: Bust of St. John Prodromos.
Rev.: Νικηφόρος ἐπίσκοπος Σβίδης.
Remarks: Collection Seibt. X c.
2510. Lot of 5 seals
Remarks: without figures.
Hirsch, Sale 224 (20-22 November 2002)

945. Obv.: Ἐπισφραγίζει καὶ γραφὰς καὶ πρακτέα, σεβαστὸς Ἀνδρόνικος εἰς
κῦρος πλέον
Rev.: ῥιζῶν προελθὼν Δουκικῶν τὸ μητρόθεν καὶ Καματηρόβλαστος
ἐκφὺς πατρόθεν.
Date: Late XII c., ed. W. Seibt - A.-K. Wassiliou, “Spätbyzantinische
metrische Siegellegenden,” S. Kolditz - R. C. Müller (ed.), Geschehenes
und Geschriebenes. Studien zu Ehren von G. S. Henrich und K.-P. Matschke,
(Leipzig, 2005), 144. Parallel: I. Jordanov, “Byzantine Lead Seals from the
Stronghold Near Dobri Dol, Plovdiv Region,” RN 157 (2001), 468f., pl. 40,
no. 25 (partly erroneous reading).
946. Obv.: Ιnvocative monogram Κύριε βοήθει with tetragram.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram Σισιννίῳ. In the quarters στρατηγῷ.
Date: Late VIII–first quarter of the IX c.
947. Obv.: Bust of St. George.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Μιχαὴλ πατρικίῳ ὑπάτῳ τῷ Μανίκᾳ.
Date: XI c., first half.
948. Repetition of Hirsch 195, no. 1020 (Katakalos Konstantinos b. protospatharios
kai epi tou chrysotriklinou).
Remarks: SBS 8 (2003), 227.
949. Repetition of Hirsch 220, no. 1811 (Beser patrikios kai strategos).
950. Repetition of Hirsch 195, no. 1024 (Romanos b. protospatharios kai epi tes
megales hetaireias).
Remarks: SBS 8 (2003), 227.
951. Repetition of Hirsch 195, no. 1023 (Theophilos).
Remarks: SBS 8 (2003), 227.

2674. Obv.: Bust of the Theotokos Episkepsis.
Rev. Σφραγὶς ÔRadhnou' τῶν γραφῶν Κωνσταντίνου.
Date: XI c., last third. Cf. Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, no. 217.
2675. Obv.: The Virgin seated on a high-backed throne, holding the Child in
front of her.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Βασιλείῳ πατρικίῳ ἀνθυπάτῳ, κριτῇ τοῦ βήλου
καὶ ἀντιπροσώπου ἐν τῷ σεκρέτῳ τῶν οἰκειακῶν τῷ Τζιρίθωνι.
Date: Ca. 1060-1090.
168
AUCTIONS
2677. Obv.: Invocative monogram.

Rev.: Λέων δοῦλος Χριστοῦ.
Date: IX c.
Hirsch, Sale 233 (12-14 February 2004)

2194. Lot without figures.
2195. Lot without figures.
2196. Obv.: Bust of the apostle Peter.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Πέτρῳ πατρικίῳ καὶ ἀνθρώπῳ τοῦ βασιλέως ἡμῶν
τοῦ ἁγίου.

2715. Obv.: Cruciform invocative monogram.
Rev.: Πανθηρίῳ πατρικίῳ καὶ στρατηγῷ Σικελίας.
Hirsch, Sale 237 (24-26 November 2004)

1015. Obv.: Cruciform monogram Σεργίου.
Rev.: Sergiu.
Date: VII c.
1016. Obv.: Eagle, invocative monogram.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram. Probable solutions: Ἰωάννου ἀπὸ ὑπάρχων,
Ὑπατίου ἀπὸ ὑπάρχων.
Date: VII c.
1017. Obv.: Busts of Leon III and Constantine V.
Rev.: Τῶν βασιλικῶν κομμερκίων Ἀσίας καὶ Καρίας. Ἰνδ. Ζ.
Date: 738/739.
1018. Obv.: Invocative monogram with tetragram.
Rev.: Στεφάνῳ δρονγαρίῳ.
Date: VIII c.
Rev.: N.N. β. πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ καὶ στρατηγῷ τῶν Θρᾳκησίων.
Date: IX c., first half.
1020. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Hodegetria.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Συμεὼν ἐπισκόπῳ Δαμαλᾶ.
Date: XI c., second–third quarter. Cf. Laurent, Corpus V/1, no. 569.
1021. Obv.: Θεοδοσίου ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων.
Rev.: Δούλου τῆς Θεοτόκου.
Date: VII c.
169
AUCTIONS

Rev.: Σφραγὶς Βασιλείου τοῦ Γλυκύ.
Date: XII c.
1023. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Episkepsis.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Ἰωάννῃ προέδρῳ τῷ Καλοκερίτῃ (?) or Καλονερίτῃ (?).
Date: XI c., last third.
1024. Obv.: St. Michael standing.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Βασιλείῳ ῾Υπατᾷ.
1025. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Episkepsis.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Κωνσταντίνῳ τῷ Ὠπῷ.
Date: XI c., last third.
Hirsch, Sale 240 (2-4 May 2005)

763. Obv.: St. John Prodromos (?), standing. Letters at right B L M.
Rev.: Vacat.
Date: VII c. (?).
Rev.: Monogram Στεφάνῳ.
Date: VIII c.
765. Obv.: Cruciform monogram. Probable solutions: Βάνου, Βαϊανοῦ,
Βαανίου, Ἰοβιανοῦ, Ἰουβιανοῦ.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram (Δούλου τ(ῆ)ς Θεοτόκου).
Date: VII c.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram Γεωργίῳ. In the quarters πατρικίῳ.
Date: VIII c.
Rev.: Θεοδώρῳ ὑπάτῳ.
Date: VIII c.
Rev.: Γεωργίῳ ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων.
Date: VIII c.
Rev.: Γεωργίῳ ὑπάτῳ.
Date: VIII c.
770. Obv.: Eagle, invocative monogram.
Rev.: Θεοφυλάκτῳ ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων.
Date: VIII c.
Rev.: Ἀκύλᾳ ὑπάτῳ· ἀμήν.
Date: VIII c.
170
AUCTIONS

Rev.: Τατιανῷ πατρικίῳ.
Date: VIII c.
Rev.: Ἀναστασίῳ νοταρίῳ.
Date: VIII c.
Rev.: Λέων δοῦλος Χριστοῦ.
Date: IX c.
Rev.: Ἰωάννῃ ἀπὸ ὑπάτων.
Date: VIII c.
Rev.: Σώζοις μάγιστρον Γρηγόριον, παμμάκαρ.
Date: XI c., second half. Cf. Zacos, Seals II, no. 484.
777. Obv.: St. George, standing.
Rev.: Μάρτυς, σκέποις Ἄνθη με τὸν Βασιλάκην.
Date: XII c.
778. Repetition from Hirsch 237 (24-26 November 2004), no. 1022 (Basileios
Glykys).
779. Repetition from Hirsch 237 (24-26 November 2004), no. 1023 (Ioannes
Kalokerites or Kalonerites, proedros).

Rev.: Cruciform monogram Χριστοφόρῳ. In the quarters ὑπάτῳ.
Date: Late VIII - early IX c.
2710. Obv.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει
Rev.: Σεργίου ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων.
Remarks: Modern falsification.
F. Kovacs, Mail Bid Sale 15 (2003)

Obv.: Bust of St. John Theologos. Traces of a circular inscription.
Rev.: Τῷ σῷ [δού]λῳ Θεοφ[ά]νῃ ἀ(ρ)χιεπισ[κ(όπῳ) Ἐφέσ[ου].
Remarks: The editor proposed as name Theophilos. The owner of the seal
was perhaps identical with Theophanes mentioned 861 as archiepiskopos of
Ephesos. Cf. Grumel, Regestes, no. 471; Zacos-Veglery, no. 2987.
Leipziger Münzhandlung (Höhn), Sale 34 (2003)

Obv.: Bust of St. George (as martyr). Circular invocative inscription.
171
AUCTIONS
Rev.: Γεωργ(ί)ῳ β(ασιλικῷ) (πρωτο)σπαθ(αρίῳ) (καὶ) λογοθέτ(ῃ) τ(οῦ)

σ[τρ]ατ(ι)(ω)τ(ι)κ(οῦ).
Date: X. c.
Remarks: No reading. A parallel specimen in Laurent, Corpus II, no. 538.
418. Proposed date: After 800.
Obv.: The apostels Peter and Paul standing. Circular inscription: Οὗ
σφραγίς εἰμι.
Rev.: The Virgin seated on a high-backed throne, holding Christ in her lap.
Circular inscription: Τὴν γραφ(ὴ)ν γν(ώ)σ(ει) βλέπω(ν).
Date: XI c., second half–XII c., beginning.
Remarks: No reading.
420. Proposed date: XII c., beginning.
Iconographic seal. St. George / St. Demetrios.
Date: XI-XII c.
Leipziger Münzhandlung, Sale 39 (2004)

2291. Repetition of Leipziger Münzhandlung, Sale 34 (2003), no. 420 (St. George
/ St. Demetrios).
2292. Repetition of Leipziger Münzhandlung, Sale 34 (2003), no. 421 (anonymous
metrical seal; Virgin / Peter and Paul).
Münz Zentrum Rheinland, Sale 109 (9-11 January 2002)

617. Proposed date: 696/97-703/704.
Obv.: The emperor Leontios standing. 10th indiction. Minimal traces of a
circular inscription.
Proposed reconstruction: Κυριακοῦ ἀπὸ ὑπάτων
Rev.: [(καί) γενικ]οῦ λογοθ[έ]του ἀποθή[κ]ης Ἰσαυρίας καὶ Λυκαονίας.
Remarks: 696/97. Uncertain reconstruction of the legend on the obverse.
About Kyriakos cf. Seibt-Zarnitz 1.3.7 (with commentary).
618. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 100 (8.-10.9.1999), no. 761 (Olbios apo
eparchon).
Remarks: Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 243.
619. Proposed date: 867/873.
Obv.: Patriarchal cross on steps. Between two borders of dots circular
inscription.
Rev.: Ἰωάννῃ β(ασιλικῷ) (πρωτο)σπαθ(αρίῳ) (καὶ) σακελλαρ(ίῳ).
620. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 100 (8-10 September 1999), no. 765 (Theodoros
Bebaptismenos, strategos).
Remarks: Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 244.
621. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 100 (8-10 September 1999), no. 766 (anonymous
bishop of Nyssa)
Remarks: Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 244.
172
AUCTIONS

Obv.: Κένσωρα Bασίλειον ἡ σφραγὶς γράφει
Rev.: σκρίβαν κριτήν τε τὸν ἐκ τοῦ γένους Σκρίβαν.
Remarks: XI c., third quarter. Cf. Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, no. 239.
Münz Zentrum Rheinland, Sale 110 (2-4 May 2002)

Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Ἰωάννῃ κουροπαλάτῃ καὶ δομεστίκῳ
τῆς Δύσεως τῷ Κομνηνῷ.
992. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 108 (5-7 September 2001), no. 850.
Remarks: Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 247. Inscription [Eireno]poios. Cf. SBS 8, 31e
(Koltsida-Makre).
1075. Lot of 4 plombs and 6 seals without figures.
Lot of 11 seals, without figures.
Münz Zentrum Rheinland, Sale 112 (2002)

1125. Proposed date: V c.
Obv.: 3 figures.
Rev.: Blank.
Remarks: Plomb.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram with tetragram.
Rev.: Νικολάῳ β. σπαθαρίῳ καὶ στρατηγῷ τῶν Θρᾳκησίων.
Remarks: The end of the legend is uncertain.

1315. Proposed date: Ca. 650/700
Obv.: Constantinus.
Rev.: episcopus ecclesiae Cataniae.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram, with tetragram.
Rev.: Κωνσταντίνῳ ἐπὶ τῶν δεήσεων.
Remarks: IX c., first half.
Obv.: Bust of St. Theodore. Circular inscription.
Rev.: Ἀζοτίῳ προέδρῳ, λογοθέτῃ τῶν ἀγελῶν, δομεστίκῳ τῶν σχολῶν τῆς
Ἀνατολῆς.
Remarks: The name is uncertain, only the ending is clear: ZOT,. Cf.
Wassiliou - Seibt, Bleisiegel II, no. 246 [Οὐμαραζότῃ (?)].
Münz Zentrum Rheinland, Sale 117 (10-13 September 2003)

683. Repetition of Münz Zentrum Rheinland 114 (8-10 January 2003), no. 1316.
173
AUCTIONS

Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Μιχαὴλ μοναχῷ.
Remarks: XI c., last third.
Obv.: Γεωργίου σφράγισμα
Rev.: Τετραγωνίτου.
Remarks: XII c., second half. From the collection of G. Zacos. Cf. Auction
Spink 135 (1999), no. 318.
686. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 102 (3-5 May 2000), no. 616 (Stephanos
ostiarios).
Remarks: SBS 8 (2003), 246.

Seal of the emperor Justinian I.
599. Proposed date: † 550.
Obv.: Head of an eagle.
Rev.: Γερμανοῦ.
Remarks: VI c.(?), doubtful identification with the relative of Iustinian.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, with tetragram.
Rev.: Ἰωάννῃ β. σπαθαρίῳ καὶ στρατηγῷ τῶν Κιβυρραιωτῶν.
Remarks: Better Σεργίῳ. VIII c., last third. Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 3175 and
A.-K. Wassiliou, “Beamte des Themas der Kibyrraioten,” H. Hellenkemper -
F. Hild, Lykien und Pamphylien (Wien, 2005) (TIB 8), 407.
Münz Zentrum Rheinland, Sale 121 (12-14 May 2004)

Obv.: Bust of the Virgin between two crosses. Maria is holding a mandorla
with Jesus Christ before her.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram (Φωτίου).
Remarks: VII c.
1152. Proposed date: Ca. 550/650
Obv.: Eagle and lion (?).
Rev.: Cruciform monogram (not read).
Remarks: Probably Μητροφάνους. VII c.
1153. Date: 821-829.
Imperial seal of Michael II with Theophilos.
1154. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 86 (11-13 September 1996), no. 583 (Michael
asekretis).
1155. Repetition of Münz Zentrum Rheinland 114 (8-10 January 2003), no. 684
(Michael monk).
174
AUCTIONS

1065. Proposed date: †544.
Obv.: Eagle.
Rev.: Σολομών.
Remarks: VII c.
Obv.: Between two concentric circles, inscription (Κύριε βοήθει) starting at
the top. In the center cross, with tetragram.
Rev.: Νικήτᾳ, μοναχῷ, συγκέλλῳ.
Remarks: Late X-early XI c.
Rev.: Bust of St. Theodore. Semi-circular inscription: Λέων ὁ Θρασκέας.
Remarks: XI c.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει Μιχαὴλ βέστη, μαγίστρῳ καὶ κριτῇ τῶν Θρακησίων
τῷ τοῦ Εὐθυμίου.
Obv.: Two concentric circles with the metrical inscription starting at the top.
Τῶν Κιβυρραιωτῶν τὸν κριτὴν ἡ παρθένος. In the center the Virgin
Episkepsis standing.
Rev.: Θεοφύλακτον πρωτοβεστάρχην σκέποι (continuation of the metrical
inscription).
Remarks: 1075/1090. Parallels: Classical Numismatic Group 39 (18 September
1996), no. 2563; Gorny & Mosch 134 (11-12 October 2004), lot 3590. Cf.
A.-K. Wassiliou, “Beamte des Themas der Kibyrraioten,” H. Hellenkemper -
F. Hild, Lykien und Pamphylien (Wien, 2005) (TIB 8), 414.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Hodegetria.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Ἀναστασίῳ τῷ Παχεῖ.
Remarks: XI c., ca. second half.
Obv.: Δημητρίου σφράγισμα
Rev.: τοῦ πατρικίου.
Remarks: Late XI–beginning XII c. For this time Patrikios exists also as
family name.
Obv.: St. Alexander, patriarch of Alexandria, standing.
Rev.: Anastasis.
175
AUCTIONS
Remarks: XI c., second half or later. The identification of the bishop on the
obverse is very suspect. Seibt reads on the right side of the field ΛΑ and
proposes Nikolaos.
1073. Proposed date: 1100/1200.
Rev.: Σφράγισμα Δημουσέως (sic) τοῦ Εὐλογίου.
Remarks: δὴ Μουσέως. XII c., first half.
Obv.: Bust of St. Gregorios, bishop of Nyssa.
Rev.: Κυροῦ γραφάς μου Ἰωάννου προέδρου Νύσσης ἐν ……
Remarks: Without photo.
Münz Zentrum Rheinland, Sale 129 (7-9 September 2005)

582. Obv. and Rev.: Victoria/Nike.
583. Plomb with monogram THR.
Remarks: Theodoru? Thracia?
Münz Zentrum Rheinland, Sale 131 (11 January 2006)

1004. Proposed date: 1068-1071.
Imperial seal of Romanos IV Diogenes.
Remarks: Zacos-Veglery, no. 93; Seibt, Bleisiegel, no. 24.
1005. Proposed date: 1071-1078.
Imperial seal of Michael VII Doukas.
Remarks: Zacos-Veglery, no. 95; Seibt, Bleisiegel, no. 25.
1008. Proposed date: 1078-1081.
Imperial seal of Nikephoros III Botaneiates.
1009. Proposed date: Spring 1070.
Obv.: Κύριε βοήθει Ἐρβεβίῳ προέδρῳ στρατηλάτῃ D
Rev.: ..-IK-LIUPEREXO - S AK9AIFALHS - ANATvLES - TvFRAO.
Remarks: δί(καια) ὑπερέχοντι ἀκ(ε)φάλης Ἀνατ(ο)λῆς τ(ῷ) Φραγγο-
<πώλῳ>. Better 1071. Cf. W. Seibt, “Übernahm der französische Normanne
Hervé (Erbebios Phrangopolos) nach der Katastrophe von Mantzikert das
Kommando über die verbliebene Ostarmee?,” SBS 10, 89-96.
Rev.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Ζαχαρίᾳ βεστάρχῃ καὶ στρατηγῷ τῷ Φράγγῳ.
Remarks: XI c., last third.
Rev.: Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Ἀπνελγαρίπῃ μαγίστρῳ.
Remarks: Cf. Zacos, Seals II, no. 362; Seyrig, no. 40.
1026. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens (Essen), Sale 82 (14-15 November 2001),
no. 571 (Michael Ameras, protonobellisimos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 252.
176
AUCTIONS
1027. Proposed date: 1081-1118.

Imperial seal of Alexios I Komnenos. Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 102a; Seibt,
Bleisiegel, no. 27.
1030. Proposed date: 1094-after 1118.
Obv.: Two concentric circles with invocative inscription starting at the top (Θεοτόκε
βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ). In the centre bust of the Virgin Episkepsis.
Rev.: Γεωργίῳ σεβαστῷ τῷ Παλαιολόγῳ.
1031. Proposed date: Attested 1116.
Obv.: Σφραγὶς Βάρδᾳ
Rev.: Βούρτζῃ τῷ Ἀντιοχίτῃ.
Remarks: not metrical. M. Grünbart, Varia sigillographica, SBS 9, 228-229.
1035. Proposed date: 1071-1095(-1098).
Rev.: Ὁμώνυμόν σον δούκα, κουροπαλάτην, μάρτυς, Χετάμνιον (sic)
Μελιτηνῆς σκέποις.
Remarks: Χετάμην. Cf. Šandrovskaja-Seibt, no. 62 (ca. 1074).
1042. Proposed date: 1098-1108/1118.
Obv.: Erroneous interpretation (Adam and Eva; annunciation; Joseph; scene
of Christmas).
Rev.: Anastasis.
Remarks: Obv.: Genesis. Ca. XI c., last third–XII c., first half.
Erroneous assignment to the patriarch of Jerusalem, John VIII.
1075. Proposed date: 1130-1176.
Obv.: Κοντοστεφάνου τὰς γραφὰς Ἀλεξίου
Rev.: ἐγὼ κρατύνω Κομνηνοῦ τὸ μητρόθεν.
Remarks: † before 1156. Cf. A.-K. Wassiliou-Seibt, “Der Name
Alexios Kontostephanos Komnenos. Identifizierungsvorschläge anhand
sigillographischer Funde,” SBS 10, 25-32.
1076. Proposed date: 1166/1181.
Obv.: Σφραγὶς αὕτη τὸν Βατάτζην μηνύει
Rev.: σεβαστὸν Ἀνδρόνικον ἐκ τῆς ἀξίας.
Remarks: Collection Seibt, Vienna.
1150. Proposed date: 1185/1195.
Rev.: Σφραγὶς σεβαστοῦ Νικηφόρου τοῦ Δούκα ῥίζαν γένους ἔχοντος ἐκ
βασιλέων.
Remarks: ΧΙΙ c., last third. The same verse in Stavrakos, Bleisiegel, no. 77
(another boulloterion).
1151. Proposed date: 1189-1193/94.
Obv.: The Virgin Episkepsis, standing.
Rev.: Ταῖς τοῦ σεβαστοῦ Βατάτζη Βασιλείου γραφαῖς τὸ κῦρος,
παντάνασσα, σὺ δίδου.
Remarks: SBS 7 (2002), 143f. (A.-K. Wassiliou).
177
AUCTIONS
1160. Proposed date: 1205-1221.

Imperial seal of Theodoros I Laskaris.
1197. Repetition of Peus Nachf. 376 (29-30 October 2003), no. 1416 = Münz
Zentrum 102 (3-5 May 2000), no. 617 (Ioannes Maurozomes Komnenos)
Remarks: Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 246.
1254. Repetition of Münz Zentrum 100 (8-10 September 1999), Lot 818, no. 138
(Konstantinos Tzimpeas)
Remarks: Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 244.
1330. Proposed date: 1280/1300.
Obv.: The Virgin Episkepsis, standing.
Rev.: Τῶν ἐξισωτῶν τῆς Ἀχυράους, κόρη, καὶ τοῦ Καράντου πρακτέα
διευλύτου.
Remarks: XIII c., cf. Seibt-Zarnitz 3.1.12.
1367. Repetition of Münz Zentrum Rheinland, Sale 117 (10-13 September 2003),
no. 686 (Stephanos ostiarios) (cf. above).
Münz Zentrum Rheinland, Sale 132 (19-21 April 2006)

Obv.: Bust of St. Demetrios.
Rev.: Two concentric circles with inscription starting at the top. Σφραγὶς
Αὐξεντίου ΕZΚP. In the centre a bust of St. George.
Remarks: At the end one should read EΞΚΙ [Ἑξ(α)κι(ονίτου)?].
Peus Nachf. (Frankfurt/ Main), Sale 376 (29-30 October 2003)

Imperial Seal. Justinian I. Rev.: Nike/Victoria between crosses.
Obv.: The head of the owner (female). Circular inscription: MAKEΔWNIC.
Rev.: Head of a satyr (?)
Obv.: Sergiu.
Rev.: Block monogram. Perhaps Ἀπολλωνίου.
Date: VI c.–VII c., first half.
Remarks: For the Rev. the editors proposed erroneously ἀπὸ ὑπάτων.
1252. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 100 (8-10 September 1999), Lot 818,
28 (Euagrios).
1253. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 96 (10-12 September 1998), no. 637
(Philippos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 239.
(Ammonios Exkeptor). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 239.
(Deinostratos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 239.
Remarks: Alternative solution Tetradios (Τετραδίου).
178
AUCTIONS
1256. Repetition of Schulten, Sale (March 1990), no. 1109 (Sergios).

1257. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 77 (9-21 May 1999), no. 654
(Rostomios). Cf. SBS 10 (2009), 74.
Remarks: Alternative solution Τριμύθους (?).
(Leontios). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 239 (Αἰνείου or Αὐξεντίου).
1259. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 100 (8-10 September 1999), Lot 818,
30 (Theodotos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 244.
Obv.: An eagle killing a snake. Above a christogram.
Rev.: Δομετίου.
Date: VII c.
1261. Repetition of Grün, Sale 21 (1997), no. 790 (Eugenios).
1262. Repetition of Grün, Sale 21 (1997), no. 791 (the reading Παντολέοντος
κόμιτος is not convincing).
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin.
Rev.: Block monogram: Ὀλυμπίου.
1264. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 55 (1992), no. 505 (Athanasios
asekretis). Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 755.
1265. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 93 (8-9 January 1998), no. 571
(Modestos presbyteros). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 235.
Obv.: Τρύφωνος στρατηλ(άτου)
Rev.: (καὶ) ἀνθυπάτου.
Date: VII c.
1267. Repetition of Grün, Sale 14 (1995), no. 781 (Romanos).
Obv.: Ὀβοδιάνου
Rev.: ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων.
Date: VII c.
1269. Proposed date: ca. 610/650.
Obv.: Ἠσαΐου (?)
Rev.: χα(ρτουλαρίου) (sc. τοῦ στάβλου).
Date: VII c.
Remarks: Alternative solution: χα(ρτουλάριος) τῶν ἀγελῶν.
1270. Repetition of Elsen, Sale 71 (2002), no. 1331 (Dionysios stratelates).
(Herakleitos βικάριος). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 235.
1272. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 94 (13-15 May 1998), no. 922 (Pantoleon
chartularios). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 237.
179
AUCTIONS
1273. Repetition of Berlin I, no. 170 (Petros despotikos chartularios).

Obv.: Cruciform monogram Θεοδώρου
Rev.: κουράτορ(ος).
Obv.. Cruciform monogram: Θεοδώρου
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: ῥεφερενδαρίου.
1276. Repetition of Müller (Solingen), Sale 72 (23 October 1992), no. 667
(Theodoru πριμισκρινίου). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 142.
Obv.: Cruciform monogram. The editors propose Σωστρατιανοῦ (?).
Rev.: Vicarius Thracis.
Date: VII c.
Remarks: Obv.: Alternative solution Ἰωάννου ἰλλουστρίου.
Obv.: Horseman
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: Ἀνδρέου. In the quarters perhaps Cubicular(ii)
and not Cubicularius italos.
Date: VII c.
Remarks: BZ 97 (2004), 462, no. 1890 (W. Seibt)
1279. Repetition of Athena, Sale 3 (1990), no. 619 (Θεομήδους;).
1280. Repetition of Künker, Sale 20 (1991), no. 1078 (Georgios hypatos).
1281. Repetition of Schulten (March 1990), no. 1115 (Ioannes Plagiotes
illustrios). Cf. Berlin I, no. 165.
1282. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 100 (8-10 September), Lot 818, 42
(Ioannes Plagiotes apo eparchon). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 244.
1283. Repetition of Italo Vecchi, Sale 5 (5 Mars 1997), no. 1024 (Georgius
notarius). Cf. Laurent, Vatican, no. 137.
1284. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 77 (19-21 May 1999) 659 (Muselios
asecretis). Cf. SBS 3 (2003), 250.
1285. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 76 (26-28 November 1998) 486
(Paulos). Cf. SBS 3 (2003), 249.
1286. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 98 (5-7 May 1999) 642 (Petros apo
hypaton, patrikios). Cf. SBS 3 (2003), 242.
Obv.: Eagle.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram. Θεοτόκε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Θεοδώρῳ.
Remarks: Other possibilities: Θεοτόκε βοήθει Θεοδώρου or Δωροθέου or
Ἰσιδώρου.
Rev.: Βάρδᾳ πατρικίῳ.
Date: VIII c.
180
AUCTIONS

Obv.: Invocative monogram Θεοτόκε βοήθει.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: Γεωργίῳ κόμιτι.
Date: VIII c.
1290. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 94 (13-15 May 1998), no. 913 (Georgios
skribon). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 237.
1291. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 94 (13-15 May 1998), no. 917 (Georgios
apo hypaton). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 237.
1292. Repetition of Sternberg, Sale 77 (1999) 658 (Archelaos apo eparchon).
(Ioannes elachistos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 240.
1294. Repetition of Grün, Sale 22 (1998), no. 507 (Sisinnios apo eparchon).
1295. Repetition of Münz Zenrtum 81 (30 March – 1 April 1995), no. 1507
(Sisinnios apo eparchon, doulos tes Theotokou). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 153.
1296. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 95 (9 March 1999), no. 1054 (Komitas hypatos).
Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 220.
1297. Repetition of Grün, Sale 22 (1998), no. 508 (Θεοδώρῳ υἱῷ Πέτρου or
Πέτρῳ υἱῷ Θεοδώρου).
Remarks: Uncertain reading.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent II.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: Ἱέρωνος.
Date: VII c.
Rev.: τοῦ δούλου σου Θεοτέκνου.
Date: VII c.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent I.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram: Θεοτέκνῳ στρατηλάτῃ.
Date: VII/VIII c.
1301. Repetition of Grün, Sale 21 (1997), no. 794 (Michael).
1302. Repetition of Grün, Sale 22 (1998), no. 510 (Phloros hypatos). Cf. Zacos-
Veglery, no. 1591.
1303. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 109 (9-11 January 2002) 617 (Kyriakos
apo hypaton, genikos logothetes apothekes Isaurias kai Lykaonias).
1304. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 93 (1998), no. 574 (Paulos eparchos).
Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 235.
1305. Repetition of Kölner Münzkabinett, Sale 55 (7-8 April 1992), no. 510
(Ioannes bestitor).
181
AUCTIONS

Obv.: Θεοτόκε βοήθη
Rev.: Ἰωάννῃ ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων.
Date: VIII c.
Obv.: Θεοτόκε βοήθ(ει)
Rev.: Ἰωάννῃ πατρικί(ῳ).
Date: VIII c.
(Michael hegumenos?).
1309. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 98 (5-7 May 1999), no. 639 (no
reading). Cf. SBS 8 (2003) 242 (Abramios hypatos?).
1310. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 98 (5-7 May 1999), no. 637 (no reading).
Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 242 (Μακροβίου ὑπάτου or Μακροβίου πατρικίου or
Ἀβακοὺμ ὑπάτου).
1311. Similar to 1310 (from the same boulloterion).
1312. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 76 (26-28 November 1998), no. 488
(Petros and Georgios apo eparchon). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 249.
1313. Early Byzantine seals (without illustrations).
Obv.: Tiberios II, standing. Traces of a circular inscription, [Κωνσταντίνου]
ἀπὸ [ἐπάρχων]. Indiction ΙΔ and IE (?).
Rev.: γενικοῦ κομμερκιαρίου [ἀ]ποθήκης [(πρώτης)] (καὶ) (δευτέρας)
τῶν Κιλικιῶν.
Remarks: Name and title of the owner are not sure.
Obv.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει
Rev.: Ἡρακλείῳ πατρικίῳ.
Date: VIII c., Ca. first half.
Obv.: Θεοτόκε βοήθει
Rev.: Τατιανῷ πατρικίῳ.
Date: VIII c., ca. first half.
1317. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 94 (13-15 May 1998), no. 927
(Theophanes imp. protospatharios). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 237.
Obv.: Θερδάτου
Rev.: δούλου τῆς Θεοτόκου.
Date: VII c.
(erroneous reading, Ἀρετοῦ).
Remarks: Perhaps Ἀρηλάτου.
182
AUCTIONS
1320. Repetition of Grün, Sale 14 (1995), no. 784 (Sisinnios patrikios and
strategos).
1321. Repetition of Italo Vecchi, Sale 5 (5 March 1997) (Theodoros patrikios).
Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 231.
1322. Repetition of Künker, Sale 25 (29 September - 1 October 1993), no. 561
(Basileios hypatos and chartoularios). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 138.
1323. Repetition of Grün, Sale 25 (1999), no. 467 (Artemios hypatos). Cf. SBS 8
(2003) 225.
(Sergios). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 234.
1325. Repetition of Grün, Sale 23 (1993), no. 565 (Georgios apo eparchon and
droungarios).
1326. Repetition of Grün, Sale 21 (1997), no. 792 (Sergius ex consul et
chartularius).
Obv.: Eagle, invocative monogram, type Laurent V.
Rev.: Ὀγκεάτῳ ὑπάτῳ. Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 669.
1328. Repetition of Lanz, Sale 60 (1992), no. 1017 (Niketas praipositos).
1329. Repetition of Hirsch, Sale 182 (4-6 May 1994), no. 1114 (Artabasdos
patrikios, kouropalates and comes of Opsikion). Cf. Oikonomides, Dated
Seals, no. 33 (another boulloterion).
1330. Repetition of Münz Zentrum , Sale 98 (5-7 May 1999), no. 643 (Ioannes?
patrikios). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 242.
1331. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 75 (4-6 May 1998), no. 623 (Georgios
hypatos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 248.
Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent I. In every quarter a star.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram. Probably Agallianou, Ananiou, Anastasiou,
Ioustinianou, Ioustinou, Iulianou, Stylianou etc. stratelatou.
1333. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 82 (29 April 1997), no. 420 (imperial kommerkia
of Bithynia, Saloutaria, Pakatine and Lydia). Cf. DOSeals 3.24.4.
1334. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 77 (13-15 April 1974), no. 1168 (Beser
patrikios kai strategos). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 150.
(Konstantinos hypatos and imp. protostrator). Cf. SBS 8 (2003) 241.
1336. Repetition of Grün, Sale (1998), no. 514 (Sisinnios).
1337. Repetition of Grün 14 (1995), no. 784 (Krateros, in genitive).
Remarks: Alternative solutions: Εὐκράτους, Κρατερίου.
(Kosmas dioiketes). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 249.
183
AUCTIONS
1339. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 101 (15-18 December 1999), no. 562
(Theodosios bishop of Ephesos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 244.
(Ioannes hypatos, imp. protospatharios and protostrator). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 240.
1341. Repetition of Hirsch, Sale 182 (4-6 May 1994), no. 1116 (Bardanes
[Tourkos] patrikios, imp. protospatharios and strategos ton Thrakesion).
Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 126.
1342. Repetition of Grün, Sale 18 (1996), no. 1096 (Bardanes patrikios, imp.
protospatharios and strategos ton Thrakesion). Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no.
1750A and Seibt-Zarnitz 4.2.9.
1343. Lot of various Byzantine seals (repetitions).
(Photeinos hypatos and anagrapheus Thrakesion). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 250.
1345. Repetition of Hirsch, Sale 185 (15-18 February 1995), no. 1505 (Aimilianos
protonotarios Thrakesion). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 129.
1346. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 93 (8-9 January 1998), no. 581 (Leon
imp. kandidatos and domestikos Kibyrraioton).
1347. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 98 (5-7 May 1999), no. 644 (Manuel, imp.
protospatharios, epi ton oikeiakon and rhogator). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 242.
(Ioannes patrikios, imp. protospatharios and sakellarios).
1349. Repetition of Grün, Sale 25 (1999), no. 469 (Chairos?, imp.
spatharokandidatos and tourmarches of Ephesos?). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 225.
1350. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 71 (3 May 1995), no. 960 (Petros Aminganos,
imp. protospatharios).
Obv.: Floral ornament, traces of the circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: [+Μ]ανο[υηλί]ῳ (πρωτο)σπ[αθ(αρίῳ) (καὶ) ἐ]πὶ το[ν] δεήσ[εο]ν.
Date: IX c., ca. first half.
Remarks: The name of the owner is not sure.
(Konstantinos klerikos, chartoularios and patriarchal exarchos Thrakes or
Thrakesion). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 249.
Obv.: Nimbate patriarchal cross on steps, with fleurons. Circular inscription.
Rev.: Μιχαὴλ β(ασιλικῷ) (πρωτο)σπαθ(αρίῳ) καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσοτρικλί(νου).
(Basileios Gomostos, imp. primikerios, imp. protospatharios). Cf. Seibt,
Beinamen, SBS 7 (2002), 132f.
184
AUCTIONS
1355. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 93 (8-9 January 1998), no. 582 (Michael
imp. protospatharios, judge of Thrake and Makedonia). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 236.
1356. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 101 (15-18 December 1999), no. 565
(Ephraim monk and abbot Σπηλέου?). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 244.
1357. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 93 (8-9 January 1998), no. 584 (Michael
imp. protospatharios and strategos of Seleukeia). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 236.
1358. Repetition of Italo Vecchi, Sale 5 (5 March 1997), no. 1008 (Ignatios
bishop of Laryma). Cf. SBS 8 (2003) 231.
(Michael judge of Anatolikon). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 155.
1360. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 94 (13-15 May 1998), no. 939 (Ioannes
Kalopsychos, protospatharios, judge of the hippodrome and Seleukeia and
kourator of Tarsos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 238.
1361. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 98 (5-7 May 1999), no. 649 (Elias
protospatharios and chartoularios). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 242.
1362. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 98 (5-7 May 1999), no. 648 (Kyriakos, imp.
spatharokandidatos and ek prosopou of Mesembria). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 242.
1363. Repetition of Italo Vecchi, Sale 13 (3 September 1998), no. 1321
(Theophylaktos Gastropolos). Cf. A.-K. Wassiliou, SBS 9 (2006) 72, no. 4.
1364. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 90 (14-16 May 1997), no. 1050 (Alexios
monk and bishop of Attaleia). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 234.
(Thomas protospatharios, hypatos and strategos of Germanikeia). Cf. SBS
8 (2003), 240.
1366. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 90 (12-13 October 1998), no. 1411 (Basileios
Trichinopodes or Atrichinopodes, protospatharios, hypatos and strategos
of Anabarzos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 219.
1367. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 84 (13 October 1997), no. 6209 ([incomplete]
Theodoros Chryselios, judge). Cf. Seibt-Zarnitz 2.1.6.
1368. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 82 (14-15 November 2001), no. 570 ex
Schenk-Behrens, Sale 81 (2001), no. 455 (Konstantinos protospatharios
and hypatos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 252.
1369. Repetition of Grün, Sale 14 (1995), no. 788 (Nikephoros Theodorokanos,
patrikios and strategos).
1370. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 87 (2 March 1998), no. 850 (Michael patrikios,
megas chartoularios of the stratiotikon). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 219.
1371. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 93 (8-9 January 1998), no. 587 (Basileios
Tzamandenos, protospatharios). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 236.
1372. Repetition of Classical Numismatic Group, Sale 33 (15 March 1995), no.
1901 (Romanos metropolitan of Kyzikos and synkellos). Cf. SBS 6 (1999),
117; Zacos, Seals II, 879.
185
AUCTIONS
1373. Repetition of Künker, Sale 30 (1995), no. 460 (imperial seal; Romanos IV,
Eudokia / Konstantios, Michael, Andronikos) (1068-1071).
1374. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 62 (1993), no. 730 (Gregorios doux). Perhaps
an original seal. About various falsifications and copies s. A.-K. Wassiliou,
“Siegel in Kopie und Fälschung,” Chr. Gastgeber (ed.), Kopie und
Fälschung (Graz, 2000), 137ff.
Rev.: Κ(ύρι)ε β(οή)θ(ει) τῷ σῷ δού(λῳ) Παύλ(ῳ) π(ατ)ρι(κίῳ).
(Basileios Skribas, kensor, judge and skribas).
(Theodoros metropolitan of Serrai).
1378. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 94 (13-15 May 1998), no. 942 (Nikephoros
Botaneiates, protoproedros and doux of Peloponnesos and Hellas). Cf. SBS
8 (2003) 238. About the career of the future emperor before 1078 see O.
Karagiorgou, “ ‘Ἀπὸ Λάμπης λαμπτῆρα φωσφόρον ἐπιδημῆσαι τοῖς
βασιλείοις προεσήμανον’ (Attaleiates XII 9-10, 175). On the way to the
throne: the career of Nikephoros III Botaneiates before 1078,” Hypermachos.
Studien zur Byzantinistik, Armenologie und Georgistik. Festschrift für
Werner Seibt zum 65. Geburtstag, Hrsg. Chr. Stavrakos / A.-K. Wassiliou /
M. K. Krikorian (Wiesbaden, 2008), 105-132.
1379. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 94 (13-15 May 1998), no. 949 (Lukas
monk). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 239.
(anonymous, charity seal). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 249.
1381. Repetition of Grün, Sale 14 (1995), no. 790 (Konstantinos Theodorokanos).
Cf. Jordanov, Corpus II 229-236.
(Romanos bishop of Alabanda). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 250.
1383. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 94 (13-15 May 1998), no. 951 (misread
as Michael Nikerites [sic]). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 239 (Niketas).
1384. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 77 (19-21 May 1999), no. 666 (Theodoros
Komnenos, kouropalates and dux of Paphlagonia). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 250-251.
1385. Repetition of Grün, Sale 23 (1998), no. 296 (Michael Sphondyles,
spatharios epi tou chrysotriklinou, asekretis).
1386. Repetition of Grün, Sale 23 (1998), no. 299 (Ioannes Marchapsabos, monk
and synkellos).
1387. Repetition of Sternberg, Sale 26 (1992), no. 506 (Philaretos Brachamios,
protokouropalates and domestikos ton scholon tes Anatoles).
186
AUCTIONS
1388. Repetition of Sternberg, Sale 26 (1992), no. 507 (Philaretos Brachamios,

sebastos and megas domestikos).
1389. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 80 (1994), no. 724 (Alexios Komnenos,
sebastos and megas domestikos).
1390. Proposed date: 1081-1118 (Imperial seal. Alexios I).
1391. Repetition of Grün, Sale 14 (1995), no. 792 (Niketas bishop of Hypaipa).
(Nikephoros Bourtzes, bestarches). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 239.
1393. Repetition of Grün, Sale 14 (1995), no. 795 (iconographical seal. St.
George, standing / St. Demetrios, standing).
1394. Repetition of Emporium, Sale 10 (1987), no. 1055.
Obv.: St. George, standing. First half of the circular inscription, Οὗπερ
σφραγὶς πέφυκα.
Rev.: St. Demetrios, standing. Second half of the circular metrical inscription:
γραφὴ δεικνύει.
Rev.: Κ(ύρι)ε β(οήθει) Νικολά(ῳ).
Date: XII c.
1396. 6 various seals (repetitions).
(Ioannes bestarches, the nephew of the phylax). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 249.
1398. Repetition of Sternberg, Sale 26 (1992), no. 508 (Romanos Philaretos,
protonobellisimos).
1399. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 95 (9 March 1999), no. 1060 (misread) (Nikolaos
monk and bishop Προΐνων). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 220.
1400. Repetition of Grün, Sale 14 (1995), no. 791 (David .IKEI-KA). The editor
proposes Zikeika.
1401. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 81 (30 March-1 April 1995), no. 1525
(Basileios). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 154.
1402. Repetition of Grün, Sale 14 (1995), no. 794 (Thomas).
(Konstantinos) and not Sale 96 (10-12 September 1998), no. 649. Cf. SBS
8 (2003), 241.
(Stephanos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 241.
1405. Repetition of Hirsch, Sale 175 (23-26 September 1992), no. 1568
(Andronikos Lapardas). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 122.
1406. Repetition of Italo Vecchi, Sale 13 (4 September 1998), no. 1303 (Michael
Ameras, protonobellisimos).
187
AUCTIONS
(Ioseph Batatzes). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 240.
Gabalas). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 243.
1409. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 84 (29-30 November 1995), no. 881
(Alexios Kekaumenos). Cf. SBS 6 (1999), 155.
Seal of the presbyteroi and ekklesiekdikoi of Hagia Sophia.
Remarks: About this group of seals and their iconography cf. J. Cotsonis,
“The Virgin and Justinian on Seals of the Ekklesiekdikoi of Hagia Sophia,”
DOP 56 (2002), 41-55 and DOSeals V 88ff.
(Georgios Komnenodoukas Palaiologos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 235.
(and not 495) (Michael Stryphnos, sebastos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 250.
1413. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 90 (12-13 October 1998), no. 1413 (Georgios/
Theodoros). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 220.
(iconographical seal; Theotokos [“Minimalorantengestus”] / St. George).
Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 251.
Obv.: The Virgin, type Episkepsis, standing.
Rev.: Τῶν ἐξισωτῶν τῆς Ἀχυράους, κόρη, καὶ τοῦ Καράντου πρακτέα
διευλύτου.
Remarks: Cf. H. Hunger, SBS 4 (1995), 40.
Komnenos Maurozomes). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 239.
1417. Repetition of Gorny, Sale 90 (12-13 October 1998), no. 1414 (Georgios
Skaranos). Cf. SBS 8 (2003), 220.
1418. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 69 (1994), no. 828 (patriarchal seal;
Gregorios II, 1283-1289).
Obv.: St. George, standing.
Rev.: Σφράγισμα γραφῶν τοῦ Καλοχ(ω)ρινοῦ Θεοδώρου.
Date: XIV c.
Remarks: Copy? Cf. W. Seibt, JÖB 33 (1983), 297f., no. 9.
Rauch (Vienna), Mail Bid Sale 7 (23 January 2004)

1698. Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent V, with tetragram.
Rev.: Ἰω(άννῃ) β(ασιλικῷ) σπαθαρίῳ.
Proposed date: VII c.
Remarks: IX c., second half.
188
AUCTIONS

Rev.: Σισινίῳ νοταρ(ί)ῳ. ἀ[μ]ή[ν].
Proposed date: VII/VIII c.
Remarks: IX c.
1700. Obv.: Eagle, above a block monogram Πέτρου.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram, with latin letters, Petri.
Proposed date: VII/VIII c.
Remarks: VII c.
1701. Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent VIII.
Rev.: Ἀντ(ω)νίῳ μητροπολ(ί)τῃ πόλεως Κατάνης.
Proposed date: VIII c.
Remarks: Incomplete.
Proposed date: VII c.
Remarks: Erroneous reading (Skylla). Many parallels. Cf. SBS 6 (1999) 141, 149.
1703. Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent V or VIII, with tetragram.
Rev.: […]v β(ασιλικῷ) σπαθ(αρίῳ) <(καὶ)> ἐκ πρ(οσώπου) τῶν Θρᾳκ(ι)σ(ίων).
Date: IX c.
Remarks: Partly erroneous and incomplete reading.
1704. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, holding the medallion of Christ in front of her.
Invocative circular inscription.
Rev.: Θεοφυλάκτῳ διακ(όνῳ), κουβουκλ(εισίῳ) (καὶ) ῥεφερενδαρ(ίῳ).
Remarks: X c., first half. Partly erroneous and incomplete reading.
1705. Obv.: Bust of the Byzantine emperor Justin II, traces of a circular
inscription.
Rev.: Nike/Victoria between two crosses.
Remarks: before 578. Erroneous allocation to Justinian I.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram, Γεωργίῳ. In the quarters ὑπ-ά-τ-ῳ.
Proposed date: X c.
Remarks: VIII c., first half.
1707. Obv.: Crucifixion.
Rev.: Κ(ύρι)ε βοήθει τῷ σεβαστῷ Μιχ(αήλ).
Proposed date: X c.
Remarks: Late XI. c., erroneous reading (Nikolaus?). Perhaps identical with
the son of Konstantinos, nephew of the patriarch Michael Kerullarios, attested
as σεβαστός for 1094. Cf. Wassiliou-Seibt, Bleisiegel II, 83 A. 382.
1708. Obv.: Bust of St. Nicholas.
Rev.: Ἰω(άννου) σφράγισμα τοῦ Κοιλαδίτου.
Remarks: XII c., second half. Erroneous reading (Choladius). Cf. A.-K.
Wassiliou, “Einige bisher unbekannte Namen auf byzantinischen Siegeln,”
SBS 9 (2006), 76, no. 9.
189
AUCTIONS
1709. Iconographical seal.

Obv.: Bust of St. John Chrysostomos.
Rev.: Bust of St. George.
Remarks: XI /XII c. Erroneous identification of the obv. (St. Nicholas).
Rev.: Κ(ύρι)ε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Ἀλεξίῳ σεβαστῷ καὶ μεγάλῳ
δομεστίκῳ τῷ Κομνηνῷ.
Remarks: 1078-1081; incomplete and erroneous reading (Constantinos
Komnenos). Many parallels.
1711. Half of a seal of the πρεσβύτεροι καὶ ἐκκλησέκδικοι of the Great Church
(Hagia Sophia). The emperor Justinian, part of the model of the church of
St. Sophia. The second half of the circular inscription.
Date: XII c. Cf. DOSeals 5.42.15.
Remarks: Partly erroneously interpreted (figure of a saint).
Rauch, Mail Bid Sale 8 (1 October 2004)

687. Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent V.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram, Δοσιθέῳ or Θεοδοσίῳ.
Date: VIII c.
688. Obv.: Bust of St. Michael.
Rev.: Κων(σταντίνῳ) φύλαξ μοι τῷ σῷ οἰκέτῃ.
689. Seal of Michael, bishop of Philippoi.
Date: XII c.
690. Obv.: The apostles Peter and Paul.
Rev.: Πλάτωνος μητροπολίτου.
Date: VII c.
Rauch, Sale 75 (6-7 May 2005)

1056. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type Episkepsis. Circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Γεωργίῳ σεβαστῷ τῷ Παλαιολόγ(ῳ).
Date: XI/XII c.
1056. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, with bust of Christ before her.
Rev.: Block monogram, perhaps Βυζακηνός.
Rauch, Mail Bid Sale 9 (23 September 2005)

Rev.: Cruciform monogram, perhaps Σερώῃ στράτωρι.
Date: Early VIII c.
1549. Obv.: Eagle, with on invocative monogram, Θεοτόκε βοήθει.
Rev.: Eagle, with a block monogram, Πέτρῳ ἐπάρχῳ.
Date: Early VIII c.
190
AUCTIONS
Rauch, Sale 76 (17-18 October 2005)

670. Obv.: Bust of an emperor and co-emperor. Perhaps Theodosius I and Arcadius.
Rev.: Nike/Victoria
Date: Ca. second half V c.
Rauch, Mail Bid Sale 10 (2 March 2006)

Rev.: Σφραγὶς σεβαστοῦ Κομν(η)νοῦ Κωνσταντίνου.
Date: XII c., last third - early XIII c.
Rev.: Σφραγὶς Βασιλείου τοῦ Χαδαβαλίτου (?).
Rauch, Sale 77 (10-11 November 2006)

767. Obv.: Bust of the emperor Constantine IX, circular inscription.
Rev.: Bust of Jesus Christ.
768. Obv.: The emperor Nikephoros III Botaneiates, standing. Circular inscription.
Rev.: Bust of Jesus Christ.
Rev.: Ἀθλητά, σῷζε τὴν γραφὴν τοῦ Μαγγάνη.
Date: Later XI c.
Rev.: Κ(ύ)ριε βοήθει Ἀλεξίῳ προέδρῳ τῷ Κομνηνῷ.
Date: Before 1078.
771. Obv.: Theotokos Episkepsis, standing.
Rev.: Patriarchal cross on steps. In the quarters IC-XC/N-K.
Date: XII-XIII c.
Rauch, Mail Bid Sale 11 (12 September 2006)

1448. Obv.: Bust of the St. Demetrios.
Rev.: Σκέποις με, μάκαρ, τὸν πολλά σοι ποθοῦντι.
Remarks: Anacolouth. Cf. Jordanov, Preslav 449-451.
1149. Obv.: Κ(ύρι)ε β(οή)θ(ει) τῷ σῷ δού(λῳ) Θεοδώρ(ῳ) π(ατ)ρι(κίῳ)
ἀνθυπάτ(ῳ) βέστῃ
Rev.: καὶ κατεπάνω τῶν Παραδουναβιτ(ῶν) τῷ Πηγονί(τῃ).
Date: Shortly after the middle of the XI c.
Remarks: Parallel to Jordanov, Corpus I, no. 58.2.
1450. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin. Circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Block monogram. Possible solutions: Ἀπροβίου, Βαπορίου or Προβατίου,
if the monogram is complete.
Date: VI c., end -VII c.
191
AUCTIONS
1451. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type Episkepsis.

Rev.: Θ(εοτό)κε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Γιαγούπῃ.
Date: XII c., ca. last third - early XIII c.
Schenk-Behrens (Essen), Sale (10-11 October 2002)

Komnenos κουροπαλάτης καὶ δομέστικος τῶν σχολῶν τῆς Δύσεως).
251. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 110 (2-4 May 2002), no. 992 (Niketas
πρόεδρος, πρωτοβεστιάριος καὶ δομέστικος τῶν σχολῶν τῆς Ἀνατολῆς).
252. Lot of 5 Byzantine seals, with two figures.
1. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin Hodegetria.
Rev.: Ἰω(άννῃ) (πρωτο)σπαθ(αρίῳ), κένσ(ω)ρ(ι) (καὶ) ἀναγρα[φ(εῖ)] τῶν
Θρακησίω(ν).
Date: XI c., ca. second third. Cf. Seibt-Zarnitz, no. 2.2.10.
2. Obv.: Bust of the Virgin orans, type Blachernitissa.
Rev.: Θ(εοτό)κε β(οή)θ(ει) τῷ σῷ δού(λῳ) Μ(ι)χαὴλ βασ{σ}ιλ(ι)κῷ ...
Proposed date: 1080/1120.
Remarks: XI c., ca. second third. Misread as Βασιλικός (family name).
Schenk-Behrens, Sale 85 (8-9 April 2003)

577. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 112, no. 1126 (Nikolas β. σπαθάριος
καὶ στρατηγὸς τῶν Θρᾳκησίων).
578. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale (10-12 October 2002), no. 250 (Ioannes
Komnenos κουροπαλάτης καὶ δομέστικος τῶν σχολῶν τῆς Δύσεως).
Schenk-Behrens, Sale 86 (26 September 2003)

603. Obv.: Invocative monogram, Θεοτόκε βοήθει.
Rev.: Block monogram, perhaps Παγκάλῳ (?) δρουγγαρίῳ.
604. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 100 (8-10 September 1999), lot 818, no.
54 (Θεόδωρος ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων, υἱὸς Ἰωάννου).
605. Obv.: Γενναδίου δούλου τοῦ Θ(εο)ῦ.
Rev.: Block monogram, χαρτουλαρίου, with two horses underneath
(indication for τῶν ἀγελῶν?).
Remarks: VII c. Cf. Zacos-Veglery, no. 1380; Laurent, Orghidan, no. 281.
Rev.: Ἀρταυάσδῳ β(ασιλικῷ) (πρωτο)σπ(αθαρίῳ) (καὶ) κόμ(ιτι) τοῦ
Ὀψι(κίου).
Remarks: In part misread as Κωνσταντίνῳ πατρικ(ίῳ). Cf. Oikonomides,
Dated Seals, no. 45 (commentary); PmbZ, 632.
607. Lot of 4 seals (without figures).
192
AUCTIONS
608. Lot of 3 seals (without illustrations).
Schenk-Behrens, Sale 87 (2 April 2004)

523. Repetition of Hirsch, Sale 212 (22-24 November 2000), no. 678 (Georgios
Maniakes).
524. Repetition of Peus Nachf., Sale 376 (29-30 October 2003), no. 1270
(Dionysios stratelates).
(Theodoros kourator).
526. Repetition of Gorny & Mosch, Sale 152 (9-10 October 2006) 2685 (Ioannes
Plagiotes apo eparchon).
527. Repetition of Peus Nachf., Sale 376 (29-30 October 2003) 1300 (Theoteknos
stratelates).
528. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 86 (26 September 2003) 603 (Pankalos?
droungarios).
529. Repetition of Peus Nachf., Sale 376 (29-30 October 2003) 1316 (Tatianos
patrikios).
530. Repetition of Peus Nachf., Sale 376 (29-30 October 2003) 1315 (Herakleios
patrikios).
531. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 86 (26 September 2003) 604 (Theodoros
ἀπὸ ἐπάρχων, υἱὸς Ἰωάννου).
Rev.: Βαάνῃ β(ασιλικῷ) σπαθ(αρίῳ) (καὶ) τουρμάρχ(ῃ) τ(ῶ)ν Θρᾳκ(ησίων).
Proposed date: ca. 740/780.
533. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 86 (26 September 2003) 606 (Artabasdos
imp. protospatharios and comes of Thrakesion; partly misread).
534. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 117 (10-13 September 2003) 683
(Konstantinos epi ton deeseon).
535. Repetition of Münz Zentrum, Sale 109 (9-11 January 2002) (Ioannes imp.
protospatharios and sakellarios).
536. Repetition of Peus Nachf., Sale 376 (29-30 October 2003) 1356 (Ephraim
monk and hegoumenos of Spelaion).
537. Obv.: Bust of St. Basileios, with circular invocative inscription.
Rev.: Γρ(η)γορί(ῳ) ἀρχιεπiσκ(όπῳ) Καισαρεία(ς) Καππαδοκίας.
538. Obv.: Κένσωρα Βασίλειον [ἡ] σφραγὶς γράφει
Rev.: [σ]κρί[β]αν, κριτήν τε τόν ἐκ τοῦ γένους Σκρίβαν.
Proposed date: Ca. 1060/1070.
Remarks: XI c., third quarter.
Schenk-Behrens, Sale 89 (1 December 2004)

312. Obv.: Bust of the Byzantine emperor Justin II, with circular inscription.
Rev.: Nike/Victoria between two crosses.
193
AUCTIONS

Date: 565-578.
Remarks: Erroneous attribution to Justinian I.
313. Proposed date: + 550
Obv.: Bust of the Byzantine emperor Anastasius or Justinian I.
Rev.: Block monogram, Anastasius or Iustinianus.
Date: 491-518 or 527-565.
314. Obv.: Dubious illustration of an animal?
Rev.: Traces of letters.
Remarks: The commentator proposed for the obv. an eagle and for the rev.
GER-MAN-OS. He identified the owner with the uncle of Justinian I.
315. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 87 (2 April 2004), no. 528 (Pankalos?
droungarios).
316. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 87 (2 April 2004), no. 527 (Theoteknos
stratelates).
317. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 87 (2 April 2004), no. 604 (Theodoros
apo eparchon, son of John).
Date: VIII c., first half.
Remarks: Cf. Müller (Solingen), Sale 72 (23 October 1992), no. 693; Zacos-
Veglery, no. 3073 b (both specimens are from the same boulloterion).
319. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 87 (2 April 2004) 533 (Artabasdos,
imp. protospatharios and comes of Opsikion).
320. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 87 (2 April 2004) 534 (Konstantinos
epi ton deeseon).
321. Repetition of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 87 (2 April 2004) 535 (Ioannes imp.
protospatharios and sakellarios).
Obv.: Θ(εοτό)κε β(οή)θ(ει) τῷ σῷ δ(ούλῳ) Λέοντι (πρωτο)σπαθ(αρίῳ)
Rev.: κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱπποδρ(ό)μου (καὶ) Σελευ[κ]είας.
Rev.: Πόθῳ σε, μάρτ(υς), ἱστορ(εῖ) Κων(σταν)τῖνος.
Date: XII c., first half.
Rev.: Ἰωσὴφ ὁ Εὐγενιώτης.
Date: XII c.
Remarks: The commentator read the Family name as Euxeniotes.
325. Lot of 10 seals (partly repetitions).
327. Lot of 4 seals (?) (partly repetitions).
194
AUCTIONS
Schenk-Behrens, Sale 90 (21 June 2005)

397-401. Repetitions of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 89 (1 December 2004)
Obv.: Invocative monogram, type Laurent V, with tetragram.
Rev.: Cruciform monogram Θεοφάνῃ, in the quarters βασι-λικ(ῷ) / σπα-
θαρ(ίῳ).
Date: VIII c., first half.
403-405. Repetitions of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 89 (1 December 2004).
Obv.: Decorative cross, each arm ends in three pellets. On either side fleuron.
Along the circumference invocative inscription.
Rev.: Ἰωάννῃ β(ασιλικῷ) στράτορ(ι) καὶ ἄρχο(ντι) Στροβήλου.
Obv.: Bust of the Virgin, type Nikopoios.
Rev.: [Θ(εοτό)]κε β(οή)[θ(ει) Ἀ]γαλιανῷ ἀσ(η)κρῆτ[ι]ς.
Date: XI c.; ca. 1040-1080.
(Konstantinos, imp. protospatharios and hypatos).
Obv.: Κ(ύρι)ε βοήθει Σεργίῳ βέστ(ῃ) κριτῇ τοῦ βήλου
Rev.: καὶ τῶν Θρᾳκησίων τῷ Ἑξαμιλίτῃ.
Remarks: Cf. A.-K. Wassiliou, “Die Familie Hexamilites. Ein Beitrag
zur byzantinischen Prosopographie,” Hellenika 52 (2002), 254, no. 17iii;
Wassiliou-Seibt, Bleisiegel II, 186 (1065 - ca. 1073).
Obv.: Κ(ύρι)ε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Κωνσταντίνῳ μαγίστρῳ
Rev.: κριτῇ τοῦ βήλου (καὶ) τῶν Ἀνατολικῶν τῷ Προμουνδηνῷ.
Remarks: Cf. DOSeals 3.86.25; Seibt-Wassiliou, Bleisiegel II, 172 (1060-
1070).
Obv.: Μά[κ]αρ, β[ο]ήθει
Rev.: Νικ[όλ]αε, Σ[τε]φάνῳ.
Remarks: XI c., ca. last quarter.
412. Blank.
Patriarchal seal, Georgios II (Xiphilinos).
Seal of the Presbyteroi and Ekklesekdikoi of Hagia Sophia.
Schenk-Behrens, Sale 91 (21 December 2005)

286-295. Repetitions of Schenk-Behrens, Sale 90 (21 June 2005).
195
INDEX OF PROPER NAMES AND TERMS
Ἀarwvn, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 62

Ἀbakouvm, ὕpatoς, 182 (?)
Ἀbouvkhr (?), notavrioς (?), 138
Ἀbravmioς,
mhtropolivthς Ἀdavnhς, 115
spaqarokandidᾶtoς, ἀshkrῆtiς, ejk proswvpou, 114
ὕpatoς (?), 182
Ἀbuvdou,
(ejk tῆς), grafeuvς, Nikovlaoς, 80
kovmhς, Kwnstanti'noς, 117
kovmhς, Leovntioς, 117
parafuvlax, Qeovktistoς, 118
parafuvlax, Qeofavnhς, 118
cartoulavrioς, Ἰwavnnhς, 118
Ἀgaqovnikoς, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, kommerkiavrioς, 54
Ἀgallianovς,
ἀshkrῆtiς, 195
tourmavrchς tῶn JElladikῶn, 11
Ἄggeloς,
Douvkaς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 31
Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς III, basileuvς, 32, 74
Ἰsaavkioς II, 32, 57, 143
ἀgelῶn,
ejk proswvpou, Levwn (?), 136
kovmhς, Plouti'noς, 127
logoqevthς, Basivleioς, 162
(?) logoqevthς, Qwmᾶς, 157
logoqevthς, Oὐmarazovthς (?), 173
(?) cartoulavrioς, Gennavdioς, 192
(?) cartoulavrioς, ∆Hsaΐaς, 179
Ἁgioapostolivthς, Levwn, prwtospaqavrioς, 44, 56
Ἁgiodhmhtriwvthς (?), Gewvrgioς, kastrofuvlax, 113
Ἁgiozacarivthς, Qeofuvlaktoς, patrivkioς, 164
Ἁgivou Basileivou (?), hJgouvmenoς (?), Eὐgevnioς, 64
Ἁgivou Dhmhtrivou (?), kastrofuvlax, Gewvrgioς, 113
Ἀgkuvraς, cf. Karivaς (?), 137
Ἀgrivthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 166
Ἀgciavlou,
ἀrciepivskopoς, Qeovdwroς, 47, 55, 59
ἀrciepivskopoς, Stevfanoς, 141
197
Ἀdavnhς,
mhtropolivthς, Ἀbravmioς, 115
strathgovς, Qeovdwroς, 113
Adeodatus, presbyter, 124
Ἀdrianovς,
b. spaqavrioς, strathgo;ς tῶn Karabisiavnwn, 5
Ἀdrianoupovlewς,
douvx, Qeodwrokavnoς, 159
quvthς (= metropolitan), Eὐstavqioς, 158, 160
katepavnw, Sumewvn, 161
mhtropolivthς, 51, 55, 57, 59
mhtropolivthς, Grhgovrioς (?), 56, 59
mhtropolivthς, Eὐstavqioς, 51, 59
mhtropolivthς, Panqhvrioς (?), 56, 59
Ἀevtioς, prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς Persqlabivtzaς, 35, 54
Ἀzovtioς, cf. Oὐmarazovthς (?), 173
Ἀqanavsioς,
ἀshkrῆtiς, 179
tapeino;ς monacovς, 131
Aijgaivou Pelavgouς,
drouggavrioς, Gewvrgioς, 113
krithvς, Baruvς, Micahvl, 152
krithvς, Xhrovς, Basivleioς, 167
qevma, 5
Aijqevrioς (?), 117
Aimericus, patriarcha antiocenus, 115, 156
Aijmilianovς, 115 (?)
prwtonotavrioς Qra/khsivwn, 184
Aijneivaς (?), 78-79, 83, 179
Ἀkavpnhς, Levwn, b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; tῶn oijkeiakῶn, 166
Ἀkeyimᾶς, cf. Ἄnqimoς (?), 137, 153
Ἀkuvlaς, ὕpatoς, 165, 170, 189, 194
Ἀkuli'noς (?), ἔparcoς povlewς, 131
Ἀlabavndwn, ejpivskopoς, Ῥwmanovς, 186
Ἀlavbhnoς, doῦloς Cristoῦ, 122
Ἀlevxandroς, 21-22
notavrioς, 127
Ἀlevxioς,
III, Ἄggeloς Komnhnovς, basileuvς, 32, 74
Branᾶς, Komnhnovblastoς, prwtosebastovς, 137
Kekaumevnoς, 188
I, Komnhnovς, basileuvς, 56, 160, 177, 186
Komnhnovς, provedroς, 191
Komnhnovς, sebastovς, mevgaς domevstikoς, 56, 187, (cf. Kwnstanti'noς
Komnhnovς, 190)
Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς (1), 26-32
198
Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς (2), 30-32, 177

Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς (3), 31-32
despovthς, 112
doῦloς Cristoῦ, 122
monacovς, ejpivskopoς Ἀttaleivaς, 185
Ἀlousiavnoς,
Samouhvl, bestavrchς, dou;x Ἐdevsshς, 151
Samouhvl, bestavrchς, strathgovς, 151
Samouhvl, provedroς, douvx, 151
Ἀlupivou (?), 154
Ἀlwpovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 40, 57
ÔAmartwlovς, cf. aJmartwlovς, 143
aJmartwlovς, 143
Ἀmaseivaς,
mhtropolivthς, Stevfanoς, 86
Ἀmavstrhς (?), ejpivskopoς, 106
ἀmhrᾶς, Clevat, jAponavsar, 90
Ἀmhrᾶς, Micahvl, prwtonwbelivssimoς, 176, 187
Ἀminsoῦ, kommerkiavrioς, Kuriakovς, 143 (?)
Ἀmmwvnioς ejxkevptwr, 178
Ἀnabavrzhς,
strathgovς, Ἀtricinwpovdhς (?), Basivleioς, 185
strathgovς, Tricinwpovdhς (?), Basivleioς, 185
ἀnagrafeuvς,
tῶn Ἀrmeniakῶn, Sumewvn, 166
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Ἰwavnnhς, 192
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Fwteinovς, 184
Nivsou, Dekano;ς Nikhfovroς, 56
Seleukeivaς, Blavggaς, Levwn, 163
Ἀnastasiva, zwsth; patrikiva, 132
Ἀnastavsioς, 106 (?)
Pacuvς, Ἀnastavsioς, 175
ἀrciepivskopoς Nikopovlewς, 131
kandidᾶtoς, prwtonotavrioς toῦ strathgoῦ Qra/khsivwn, 2
kovmhς, ejpeivkthς, 162
notavrioς, 171
ὕpatoς, b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, 125
Anastasius,
I (emperor), 194 (?)
notarius, 127
Ἀnatolῆς,
domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn, Bracavmioς, Filavretoς, 186
domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn, Kwnstanti'noς, 119
domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn, Nikhvtaς, 192
domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn, Oὐmarazovthς (?), 173
strathlavthς, Fraggovpouloς, Ἐrbevbioς, 90, 92-93, 176
199
Ἀnatolikῶn, 10, 12
krithvς, Ἑxamilivthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 149 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Promoundhnovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 195 (cf. bhvlou)
krithvς, Levwn (?), 166
krithvς, Micahvl, 167, 185
strathgovς, 11
strathgovς, Kovnwn, 11
strathgovς, Marianovς, 12
tourmavrchς, Nikaivaς, 11
Ἀndrevaς, 161 (?)
ejpi; tῶn dehvsewn, 126
b. spaqavrioς, tourmavrchς, 11
Ἀndrovnikoς,
Batavtzhς, sebastovς, 177
Douvkaς, prwtoprovedroς, 93
Douvkaς, sebastovς, 33, 56
Douvkaς Ἄggeloς, 31
Douvkaς, Kamathrovblastoς, sebastovς, 142, 168
I, Komnhnovς, basileuvς, 31
Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς (1) [cf. Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς
(2)], 30
Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς (2), mevgaς douvx [cf. Kontostevfanoς
Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (3)], 31
Lapardᾶς, 187
Lebounavkhς, 116
II, Palaiolovgoς, basileuvς, 120, 131, 155 (?), 158 (?), 160 (?), 161 (?)
Ῥogevrioς, sebastovς, 160
Filavgrhς, provedroς, 42
III (?), basileuvς, 155, 158, 160, 161
II, basileu;ς Trapezoῦntoς, 131
IV, despovthς, 143
tourmavrchς Ἀracilavbhς, 139
ἀneyiovς toῦ fuvlakoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 187
Ἄnqhς,
Basilavkhς, 171
patrivkioς, katepavnw tῶn b. ἀnqrwvpwn, 143
Ἄnqimoς (?), 137, 153
ἄnqrwpoς basilevwς, Pevtroς, 169
b. ἀnqrwvpwn, katepavnw, Ἄnqhς, 143
ἀnquvpatoς,
Batavtzhς, Bruevnnioς, 55
Ἑxamilivthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 149
Qeodwrokavnoς, Kwnstanti'noς, 135
Maurokatakalwvn, Grhgovrioς, 56, 118
Pentaktevnhς, Ἐpifavnioς, 131
Phgwnivthς, Qeovdwroς, 191
Tzirivqwn, Basivleioς, 168
Ἀswvtioς, 139
Ἰwavnnhς, 100
200
Levwn, 109 (?), 120, 164

Nikhvtaς, 100
Nikovlaoς, 101, 107
Truvfwn, 179
Ἄnna,
Douvkaina, sebasthv, 35, 56
Komnhnhv, (qugavthr) Ἰwavnnou II Komnhnoῦ, basileuvς, Eijrhvnhς-Piroska,
aὐgouvsta [cf. Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (1)], 26, 32
ἀnnwnevparcoς, 140
Ἀntioceivaς,
douvx, Ἰasivthς, Micahvl, 54
douvx, Kekaumevnoς, Katakalwvn, 131
douvx, Tarcaneiwvthς, Ἰwshvf, 129
douvx, Kwnstanti'noς, 119
katepavnw, Pediadivthς, Basivleioς, 63
antiocenus patriarcha, Aimericus, 115, 156
Ἀntiocivthς,
Cristovdouloς, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, ὕpatoς, 114
prwtospaqavrioς, 35, 55
Ἀntiocivthς, Bouvrtzhς, 177
ἀntiproswpῶn toῦ sekrevtou tῶn oijkeiakῶn, Tzirivqwn, Basivleioς, 168
Ἀntwvnioς,
II, ἀrciepivskopoς, Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 119
mhtropolivthς povlewς Katavnhς, 189
b. spaqarokoubikoulavrioς, 146
Ἀpameivaς, ejpivskopoς, Micahvl, 164
Ἀpavsioς,
Pakourianovς, 148
Ἀpelavthς, 116 (?)
patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς tῶn Karabisiavnwn, 5
Ἀpnelgarivphς, mavgistroς, 176
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 70
Plagiwvthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 165, 180, 193
Ἀrcevlaoς, 181
Gewvrgioς, 141, 170, 182-183
Qeodovsioς, 169
Qeovdwroς, 103, 192, 194
Qeofuvlaktoς, 170
Ἰwavnnhς, 124, 169 (?), 182
Kwnstanti'noς (?), 163, 182
Maurivkioς, 127
Nikhvtaς, 161
Ὀbodianovς, 179
Ὄlbioς, 172
Pevtroς, 182
Sevrgioς, 103, 171
Sisivnnioς, 66, 156, 181
Stevfanoς, 124
201
Sunetovς, 161
Ὑpavtioς (?), 169
ἀpo; ὐpavtwn, cf. Ἀpollwvnioς (?), 178
Gewvrgioς, 68, 181
Qeovdwroς, 7, 103
Ἰwavnnhς, 65, 171
Kuriakovς, 172 (?), 181
Pevtroς, 180
ἀpoqhvkhς,
Ἰsaurivaς kai; Lukaonivaς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, Kuriakovς, 172, 181
Kolwneivaς, kommerkiavrioi, 3
Pamfulivaς kai; Pisidivaς, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς, Nikhvtaς, 161
Pamfulivaς kai; Pisidivaς, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς, Sunetovς, 161
prwvthς kai; deutevraς tῶn Kilikiῶn, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς,
Kwnstanti'noς, 182
Sikelivaς, 3
Ἀpokavphς, Basivleioς, provedroς, douvx, 113
Ἀpovkaukoς, Dhmhvtrioς, 57
Ἀpolevwn (?), 138
Ἀpollwvnioς (?), 178
Ἀponavsar, ἀmhrᾶς Clevat, 90
Ἀprovbioς (?), 191
Ἀracilavbhς, tourmavrchς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 139
Ἀrgurovς, Povqoς, patrivkioς, 114
Ἀreovbindoς, kommerkiavrioς Tuvrou, 114
Ἀretovς, cf. Ἀrhvlatoς (?), 182
Ἀrhvlatoς (?), 182
Ἀrianivthς, Kwnstanti'noς, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ maglabivou, 164
Ἀrkavdioς,
basileuvς, 19
ejpivskopoς Nobogravdou, 39
ἀrmamevntou, ἄrcwn, 137, 153
Ἀrmeniakoῦ ejparciῶn, kommerkiavrioi, 3
Ἀrmeniakῶn, 3-4, 12
ἀnagrafeuvς, Sumewvn, 166
qevma, 90, 94
krithvς, Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, cf. krith;ς tῶn Ἀrmenikῶn qemavtwn,
Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, 153
krithvς, Ἰwavnnhς, 162 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou), 167 (cf. ejpi; toῦ
Ἱppodrovmou)
strathgovς, cf. ἄrcwn ἀrmamevntou, 137, 153
strathgovς, Levwn, 12
Ἀrmenikῶn qemavtwn, 4
krithvς, Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, 148 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou), 153
Ἀrnhvς, Micahvl, ὕpatoς, bestiarivthς, 45, 54
Ἀrsabhvr,
patrivkioς, strathgo;ς tῶn Qra/khsiavnwn, 6
202
Ἀrsavkhς (?), 138

Ἀrtabavnhς (?), 153
Ἀrtavbasdoς, 3, 7, 10, 13 [cf. Ἀrtabavnhς (?), 153, Ἀrtavkhς (?), 153]
patrivkioς, kouropalavthς, kovmhς toῦ Ὀyikivou, 183
b. prwtospaqavrioς, kovmhς tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 193
b. prwtospaqavrioς, kovmhς toῦ Ὀyikivou, 192, 194
Ἀrtavkhς (?), 138, 153
Ἀrtevmioς, ὕpatoς, 183
Ἀrcevlaoς, ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 181
ἀrciepivskopoς,
Ἀgciavlou, Qeovdwroς, 47, 55, 59
Ἀgciavlou, Stevfanoς, 141
Ἐfevsou, Qeofavnhς, 171
Ἐfevsou, Qeovfiloς, cf. ἀrciepivskopoς Ἐfevsou, Qeofavnhς, 171
Ἐfevsou, Ἰwavnnhς, 129
Kaisareivaς, Levwn, 64
Kaisareivaς, Stulianovς, 64
Kaisareivaς Kappadokivaς, Grhgovrioς, 193
toῦ katepanikivou Baasprakanivaς, 139 (?)
toῦ katepavnw Baasprakanivaς, cf. ἀrciepivskopoς toῦ katepanikivou Baas-
prakanivaς, 139 (?) or tῆς povlewς Bavnhς Baasprakanivaς, 139 (?)
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Ἀntwvnioς II, 119
Kwnstantinoupovlewς Nevaς Ῥwvmhς, Nikovlaoς, 102
Kwnstantinoupovlewς Nevaς Ῥwvmhς, Nikovlaoς II, 119, 161
Kwnstantinoupovlewς Nevaς Ῥwvmhς, Stevfanoς I, 86
Kwnstantinoupovlewς Nevaς Ῥwvmhς, Stevfanoς II, 85-87
Nikopovlewς, Ἀnastavsioς, 131
tῆς povlewς Bavnhς Baasprakanivaς, 139 (?)
ἄrcwn, 2
ἀrmamevntou, 137, 153
Boulgarivaς, Micahvl, 159
Drougoubitῶn, Pevtroς, 153
Matravcou, Zicivaς kai; pavshς Cazarivaς, Micahvl, 110
Ῥwsivaς, Dabivd, 110
Strobhvlou, Ἰwavnnhς, 195
Cersῶnoς, 147
Cersῶnoς, Grhgovrioς, 106
Cersῶnoς, Kwnstanti'noς, 106
ἄrcwn tῶn ἀrcovntwn, Pakourianovς, Tatouvlhς, 144
(b.) ἀsavbaniς, 125
ἀshkrῆtiς, 141, 154
Gumnovς, Pevtroς, 159
Sponduvlhς, Micahvl, 186
Ἀbravmioς, 114
Ἀgallianovς, 195
Ἀqanavsioς, 179
Qeovgnwstoς, 47, 54
Qwmᾶς, 112
203
Micahvl, 150, 174

Moushvlioς, 180
Pevtroς, 151
Ὑpavtioς, 149
Ἀsivaς,
kommevrkia basilikav, 169
kommerkiavrioς, 8
Ἀspievthς, Pakourianovς, 34, 56, 144
Ἀswvthς, 140 (?)
Qeodwrokavnoς, 138
prwtospaqavrioς, ὕpatoς, uiJo;ς patrikivou Cosrobivou, 138
Ἀswvtioς, 138 (?)
Tarwnivthς, mavgistroς, 139
patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, strathgovς Bavrnaς, 139
Ἀtouvmhς, Nikhfovroς, sebastovς, 142
Ἀtricinwpovdhς, cf. Tricinwpovdhς, Basivleioς, 185
Ἀttaleivaς, ejpivskopoς, Ἀlevxioς, 185
Aὐgousti'noς,
prwtobestiavrioς, cf. prwtobestivtwr, 165
prwtobestivtwr, 165
aὐgouvsta,
Palaiologivna, Douvkaina, Qeodwvra, 131, 167
Eijrhvnh-Piroska, 26
augusta, Licinia Eudoxia, 18
augustus,
perpetuus, Iustinianus, 43
Procopius, 163
Aὐlῶnaς, Micahvl, prwtonwbelivssimoς, 57
Aὐxevntioς, 179 (?)
Ἑxakionivthς (?), 178
aὐtokratoῦntoς Ἰsaakivou, qei'oς, Ἰwavnnhς, 143
aὐtokravtwr,
Ῥwmaivwn, Melisshnovς, Nikhfovroς, 112
Ἰsaavkioς II Ἄggeloς, 142
Ἀfrikhv, 4
Ἀcuravouς,
ejxiswvthς, 178, 188
Ἀyivmaroς, cf. Tibevrioς III
Baavnhς, b. spaqavrioς, tourmavrchς tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 193

Baavnioς (?), doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 170
Baasprakanivaς,
ἀrciepivskopoς katepanikivou, 138 (?)
ἀrciepivskopoς katepavnw, cf. Baasprakanivaς, ἀrciepivskopoς
katepanikivou, 138 (?) or Baasprakanivaς, ἀrciepivskopoς tῆς
povlewς Bavnhς, 138 (?)
ἀrciepivskopoς tῆς povlewς Bavnhς, 138 (?)
204
Bai>anovς (?), doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 170

Baivwn, hJgouvmenoς, Mavmaloς 125
Balatzevrthς, mavgistroς, katepavnw Meshmbrivaς, 140
Baldoui'noς (?), 117
Bavnaς, dioikhthvς, Nikovlaoς, 139
Bavnhς Baasprakanivaς, ἀrciepivskopoς, 138 (?)
Bavnoς (?), doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 170
Bapovrioς (?), 191
Barasbatzev, Tornivkioς, 116
barbavrwn (ejpi; tῶn), Cristovforoς, 36, 54
Bardavnhς Toῦrkoς, patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς tῶn Qra/-
khsivwn, 184
Bavrdaς,
Merkolivthς, bevsthς, 36, 57
patrivkioς, 156, 180
primikhvrioς, koitwnivthς, 136
prwtoprovedroς (?), 148
Bavrnaς, strathgovς, Ἀswvtioς, 139
Barsanouvfioς (?), 116
Baruvς,
Micahvl, 152
Micahvl, dikasthvς, 152
Micahvl, kouropalavthς, 152
Micahvl, mavgistroς, 152
Micahvl, mavgistroς, mevgaς cartoulavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou
kai; tῶn Boukellarivwn, 152
Micahvl, provedroς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, koiaivstwr, 152
Micahvl, prwtospaqavrioς, ejxavktwr, krith;ς toῦ Aijgaivou Pelav-
gouς, 152
Basaiavdoς, cf. Basiliavdoς
Basilaivou (?), ejpivskopoς, Ἰgnavtioς, 137
Basilavkhς, Ἄnqhς, 171
Basivleioς, 147, 187 [(?), cf. Micahvl, 137 (?), 153]
Ἀpokavphς, provedroς, douvx, 113
Batavtzhς, sebastovς, 177
Gimidi'noς, kouropalavthς, 36, 57
Glukuvς, 170
Gomostovς, b. primikhvrioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, 184
Maῦroς, provedroς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou, 56
Machtavrioς, b. (?) prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou,
mustolevkthς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ Likandoῦ, 132
Machtavrioς, ὕpatoς, krithvς, 132
Xhrovς, mavgistroς, krith;ς toῦ Aijgaivou Pelavgouς, 167
Pediadivthς, 62
Pediadivthς, diavkonoς, maΐstwr tῶn rJhtovrwn, mhtropolivthς Kerkuvraς, 63
Pediadivthς, katepavnw Ἀntioceivaς, katepavnw Sikelivaς, 63
Skrivbaς, kevnswr, skrivbaς, krithvς, 173, 186, 193
205
Tzamandhnovς, prwtospaqavrioς, 185

Tzirivqwn, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, ἀntiproswpῶn toῦ
sekrevtou tῶn oijkeiakῶn, 168
Tricinwpovdhς (or Ἀtricinwpovdhς), prwtospaqavrioς, ὕpatoς, strathgo;ς
Ἀnabavrzhς, 185
Ὑpatᾶς (?), 170
Cadabalivthς (?), 191
Calkouvtzhς, b. notavrioς, 54
Coῦmnoς, 135
I, basileuvς, 165
II, basileuvς, 113
bestavrchς, 36, 56
koubouklhvsioς, kaqhgouvmenoς, 54, 59
mavgistroς, logoqevthς tῶn ἀgelῶn, 162
monacovς, 148
notavrioς, 108
oijkonovmoς tῆς Nevaς, 36
prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς Paflagonivaς, 167
rJaivktwr, 36, 53, 59
sebastovς, douvx, 113
b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 100
ὕpatoς, cartoulavrioς, 183
basileopavtwr, Douvkaς, Ἰwavnnhς, 115
basileuvς, 158
Ῥwmaivwn, Eὐfhvmioς, 132
Ῥwmaivwn, Ἰsaavkioς I Komnhnovς, 62, 90, 112
Trapezoῦntoς, Ἀndrovnikoς II, 131
Ἀlevxioς I Komnhnovς, 56, 160, 177, 187
Ἀlevxioς III Ἄggeloς Komnhnovς, 32, 74
Ἀndrovnikoς I Komnhnovς, 31
Ἀndrovnikoς II Palaiolovgoς, 120, 131, 155 (?), 158 (?), 160 (?), 161 (?)
Ἀndrovnikoς III (?), 155, 158, 160, 161
Ἀrkavdioς, 19
Basivleioς I, 165
Basivleioς II, 113
Zhvnwn, 19
Ἡravkleioς, 1
Qeodovsioς II, 19
Qeovdwroς I Lavskariς, 178
Qeovfiloς, 174
Ἰoustinianovς I, 7, 20, 76-77, 157, 164, 174, 178
Ἰoustinianovς II, 4
Ἰousti'noς I, 18, 164
Ἰousti'noς II, 20
Ἰsaavkioς II Ἄggeloς, 32, 57
Ἰwavnnhς II Komnhnovς, 26, 32
Kwnstanti'noς V, 3, 10, 13
Kwnstanti'noς VII, 158-160
Kwnstanti'noς VIII, 113
206
Kwnstanti'noς IX Monomavcoς, 159, 165

Kwnstanti'noς X Douvkaς, 90, 112, 163
Levwn III, 7, 11 (cf. Kovnwn, 11), 13-14, 160
Levwn IV, 8
Levwn VI, 2, 86
Manouh;l I Komnhnovς, 26-28
Micahvl II, 174
Micah;l VI Stratiwtiko;ς Brivggaς, 90
Micah;l VII Douvkaς, 113, 176, 186
Nikhfovroς III Botaneiavthς, 130, 159, 176
Ὁnwvrioς, 19
Ῥwmanovς I, 158, 160, 165
Ῥwmano;ς IV Diogevnhς, 94, 113, 176, 186
Tibevrioς III - Ἀyivmaroς, 7, 10
Cristovforoς, 158, 160
basilevwς ἄnqrwpoς, Pevtroς, 169
basilevwς, penqerav, Qeoktivsth, 132
Basiliavdoς or Basaiavdoς, kleisouravrchς, Dabivd, 139
basiliko;ς toῦ Ῥaidestoῦ, Dabivd, 139
Basilikovς, Micahvl, 192
basivlissa, 118
Eὐdokiva, 113, 186
Eὐfrosuvnh (Kamathvrissa), 32
Zwhv, 159
Batavtzhς,
Douvkaς, Ἰwshvf, oijkevthς, 147
Ἀndrovnikoς, sebastovς, 177
Basivleioς, sebastovς, 177
Bruevnnioς, 55
Bruevnnioς, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, katepavnw, 55
Ἰwavnnhς, bevsthς, 55
Ἰwshvf, 188
Bebaptismevnoς, Qeovdwroς,
prwtospaqavrioς, ὕpatoς, strathgovς, 157
strathgovς, 172
Venetie, dux, Mastropetrus, 130
Berivsswn (?), cf. Khskisivwn, 153
bestavrchς, 92
Ἀlousiavnoς, Samouhvl, 151
Bouvrtzhς, Nikhfovroς, 187
Diabathnovς, Levwn, 91
Ἑxamilivthς, Ἐpifavnioς, 149
Ἑxamilivthς, Sevrgioς, 149
Nikerivthς, Levwn, 44, 56
Oὐranovς, Sumewvn, 151
Fravggoς, Zacarivaς, 176
Basivleioς, 36, 56
(?) Grhgovrioς, 109
207
Ἰwavnnhς, 187
Kwnstanti'noς, 55
Micahvl, 137 (?)
Moucouvmet, 56
Sumewvn, 161
bevsthς, 92 [cf. patrivkioς, 138 (?), ὕpatoς, 138 (?)]
Batavtzhς, Ἰwavnnhς, 55
Diabathnovς, Qeovdwroς, 91
Ἑxamilivthς, Sevrgioς, 149, 195
Kazavnhς, Qeovdwroς, 55
Merkolivthς, Bavrdaς, 36, 56
Fraggovpouloς, Ἐrbevbioς, 90
Fravggoς (?), Koursevlioς (?), 115
Micahvl, oJ toῦ Eὐqumivou, 175
bestiarivthς, Ἀrnhvς, Micahvl, 45, 54
bestivtwr,
Ἰwavnnhς, 181
Kwnstanti'noς, 117
Bῆken (?), 154
bhvlou, cf. krith;ς toῦ bhvlou
Bhshvr, patrivkioς, strathgovς, 167-168, 183
Biqunivaς, kommevrkia basilikav, 183
bikavrioς, Ἡravkleitoς, 179
vicarius Thracis,
Ἰwavnnhς (?), 180
Swstratianovς (?), 180
Blavggaς, Levwn, strathgovς, ἀnagrafeu;ς Seleukeivaς, 163
Bladivsqlaboς II, rJhvx tῶn Oὕggrwn, 27
boeavnoς klhrikovς, Dhmhvtrioς, 160
Boleroῦ, krithvς, Sumewvn, 46, 55 (cf. Strumovnoς)
Botaneiavthς,
Nikhfovroς III, basileuvς, 130, 159, 176
Nikhfovroς, kouropalavthς, 155
Nikhfovroς, prwtoprovedroς, dou;x Peloponnhvsou kai; Ἑllavdoς, 186
Boukellarivwn, 137 (?)
qevma, 5
krithvς, Baruvς, Micahvl, 152 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
strathgovς, 162
strathgovς, Nikovlaoς (?), 165
Boulgarivaς,
ἄrcwn, Micahvl, 159
domevstikoς doukovς, 141 (?)
boullwthvrion, 97-98
Bouvrtzhς, Ἀntiocivthς, 177
Bouvrtzhς, Nikhfovroς, bestavrchς, 187
208
Boῦsoς (?), 141

Bouvtzinoς (?), 140
Branᾶς,
Ἀlevxioς, Komnhnovblastoς, prwtosebastovς, 137
Manouhvl, rJivzhς Komnhnikhvς, 137
Micahvl, 155, 160
Bracavmioς,
Filavretoς, prwtokouropalavthς, domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn tῆς
Ἀnatolῆς, 186
Filavretoς, sebastovς, mevgaς domevstikoς, 187
Brivggaς, stratiwtikovς, Micahvl VI, basileuvς, 90
Bruevnnioς,
Batavtzhς, 55
Batavtzhς, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, katepavnw, 55
Ἰwshvf, 158
Buzakhnovς (?), 190
Gabalᾶς, Ἰwavnnhς, 188

Gabrᾶς,
Qeovdwroς, sebastovς, douvx, 106
Ἰwavnnhς, 105
Kwnstanti'noς, prwtonwbelivssimoς, 105
Levwn, 105
Levwn, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, cilivarcoς, 105
Nikhfovroς, 105
Gabrihvl,
drouggavrioς, 165
quvthς (Cristoῦ), 161
Galivtzhς, ejpivskopoς, Kosmᾶς, 39
Gavlloς, Fraggovpouloς, Ἐrbevoς, 95-96
Gastrovpouloς, Qeofuvlaktoς, 185
Gei>tzᾶς II, rJhvx tῶn Oὕggrwn, 27
geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς,
ἀpoqhvkhς Pamfulivaς kai; Pisidivaς, Nikhvtaς, 161
ἀpoqhvkhς Pamfulivaς kai; Pisidivaς, Sunetovς, 161
ἀpoqhvkhς prwvthς kai; deutevraς tῶn Kilikiῶn, Kwnstanti'noς, 182
prwvthς kai; deutevraς tῶn Kilikiῶn, Kwnstanti'noς, 163
Qeovdwroς, 103
Sevrgioς, 103
geniko;ς logoqevthς, 100, 102, 110
ἀpoqhvkhς Ἰsaurivaς kai; Lukaonivaς, Kuriakovς, 172, 181
Monomavcoς, Paῦloς, 102
Basivleioς, 100
Gewvrgioς, 99
Ἐlissai'oς, 102
Ἐpifavnioς, 99
(?) Qeodovsioς, 107
209
Qeovdwroς, 99-100, 107, 110

Qeofuvlaktoς, 99, 106
Ἰwavnnhς, 99-100, 107
Kwnstanti'noς, 101
Levwn, 101-102, 107 (?)
Micahvl, 101
Nikhvtaς, 100, 102
Filovqeoς, 99
genikoῦ logoqesivou,
ἄrklaς, cf. gennhmatᾶς Qessalonivkhς, 141 (?)
cartoulavrioς, Micahvl, 151
Gennavdioς, doῦloς toῦ Qeoῦ, cartoulavrioς tῶn ἀgelῶn (?), 192
gennhmatᾶς Qessalonivkhς, 141 (?)
Germanikeivaς, strathgovς, Qwmᾶς, 185
Germanovς, 174, 195 (?)
Gewvrgioς, 68, 116
Ἁgiodhmhtriwvthς (?), kastrofuvlax, 113
Glabᾶς, sebastovς, 130
Ἑxamilivthς, krith;ς tῶn Ἀrmeniakῶn, cf. Gewvrgioς, Ἑxamilivthς, krith;ς
tῶn Ἀrmenikῶn qemavtwn, 153
Ἑxamilivthς, prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; tῶn
Ἑxamilivthς, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, prwtonotavrioς, krith;ς Seleukeivaς, 148
Komnhnodouvkaς, Palaiolovgoς, 188
Kontwlavdwnoς (?), 40, 55
Makrembolivthς, cf. Ἰwavnnhς, 137
Maniavkhς, 91, 193
Metocivthς, 142
Mousevlhς, prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς Sougdaivaς, 109
II, Xifili'noς, patriavrchς Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 195
Palaiolovgoς, Komnhnodoukovblastoς, 142
Palaiolovgoς Komnhnovς, 142
Palaiolovgoς, sebastovς, 157, 177, 190
Skaravnoς, 163, 188
Tetragwnivthς, 163, 174
Coirosfavkthς, patrivkioς, 40, 56
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 141, 170, 182
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, drouggavrioς, 183
ἀpo; ὐpavtwn, 68, 181
(?) ejpivskopoς, 167
kastrofuvlax toῦ ÔAgivou Dhmhtrivou (?), 113
kovmhς, 181
(b.) mandavtwr, 125
patrivkioς, 73, 165, 170
patrivkioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 99
b. prwtospaqavrioς, drouggavrioς toῦ Aijgaivou Pelavgouς, 113
prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ maglabivou, 41
prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 41
210
b. prwtospaqavrioς, stratiwtiko;ς logoqevthς, 172

skrivbwn, 181
b. spaqavrioς, 125
strathlavthς, 71
ὕpatoς, 170, 180, 183, 189
Georgius notarius, 180
Ghravrdoς, Levwn, sebastovς, 157
Giagouvphς, 192
Gimidi'noς, Basivleioς, kouropalavthς, 36, 56
Glabᾶς, Gewvrgioς, sebastovς, 130
Glukuvς, Basivleioς, 170
Gomostovς, Basivleioς, b. primikhvrioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, 184
Gotqivaς, tourmavrchς, Levwn, 105
Goulhevlmoς, patrivkioς, 129
Gounariwvthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 166
grafeu;ς,
ejk tῆς Ἀbuvdou, Nikovlaoς, 80
Grhgorᾶς (?), 140, 154
b. spaqavrioς, strathgo;ς tῆς Qra/vkhς, 53
Grhgovrioς, 138 (?)
Maurokatakalwvn, 56, 164
Maurokatakalwvn, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, katepavnw, 118
Pakourianovς, 147
Pakourianovς, sebastovς, douvx, 144
Ῥadhnovς, 136
ἀrciepivskopoς Kaisareivaς Kappadokivaς, 193
bestavrchς (?), strathgovς (?), 109
douvx, 186
(?) ejpivskopoς, 167
mavgistroς, 171
(?) mhtropolivthς Ἀdrianoupovlewς, 56, 59
oijkevthς, douvx, 155
II, patriavrchς Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 188
patrivkioς, strathgovς Sikelivaς, 128
b. prwtospaqavrioς, 108
prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ maglabivou, 54
prwtostravtwr, 125
b. spaqavrioς, ἄrcwn, Cersῶnoς, 106
(?) cartofuvlax, 157
Grith (Gritti) Ἰwavnnhς, cf. Ἀgrivthς Ἰwavnnhς, 166
Gumnovς, Pevtroς, ἀshkrῆtiς, krithvς Seleukeivaς, Podandoῦ, Tarsoῦ, 159
Dabathnovς (or Diabathnovς),

dou;x Ἐdevsshς, 90-91
Levwn, bestavrchς, 91
Levwn, dou;x Ἐdevsshς, 91
Nikhvtaς, mavgistroς, katepavnw, 91
211
Dabivd, 116, 187

ἄrcwn, Ῥwsivaς, 110
b. mandavtwr, ejk proswvpou Qra/vkhς, 40, 53
patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς Sikelivaς, 128
b. prwtospaqavrioς, kleisouravrchς Basiliavdoς or Basaiavdoς, 139
b. prwtospaqavrioς, basiliko;ς toῦ Ῥaidestoῦ, 139
Dalasshnovς, Douvkaς, Kwnstanti'noς, 122
Dalasshnovς (?), Nikhvtaς (?), ἔparcoς, 140
Dalmatie, dux, Mastropetrus, 130
Davmala, ejpivskopoς, Sumewvn, 169
Damianovς, 115 (?)
Danihvl, ejpivskopoς Faustinoupovlewς, 72
Debeltoῦ,
ejpivskopoς, Kwnstanti'noς, 37, 55, 59
kommerkiavrioς, Surovpouloς, Kwnstanti'noς, 54
kommerkiavrioς, Cristovforoς, 152
(?) kommerkiavrioς, Fwvtioς, 45, 53
dehvsewn (ejpi; tῶn),
Sikelivaς, Kosmᾶς, 126
Ἀndrevaς, 126
Kwnstanti'noς, 126, 173, 193-194
Manouhvlioς (?), 184
Deinovstratoς (?), 178
Dekanovς, Nikhfovroς, kouropalavthς, ἀnagrafeu;ς Nivsou, 57
despovthς,
Melisshnovς, Nikhfovroς, 144
Ἀlevxioς, 112
Ἀndrovnikoς IV, 143
Ἰwavnnhς, 143
Ἰwavnnhς VII, 142
despotikovς cartoulavrioς, Pevtroς, 180
Dhmhvtrioς, 146
Ἀpovkaukoς, 56
Patrivkioς (?), 175
b. kandidᾶtoς, dioikhth;ς Mutilhvnhς, 103
klhrikovς boeavnoς, 160
patrivkioς (?), 175
Diabathnovς (cf. Dabathnovς),
diavkonoς, 116 (?), 123 (?)
Pediadivthς, Basivleioς, 63
Qeofuvlaktoς, 189
dikaiofuvlax, Ἑxamilivthς, Sevrgioς, 149
b. diaitavrioς, Levwn, 103
dikasthvς, 2
Baruvς, Micahvl, 152
Diogevnhς, JRwmanovς IV, basileuvς, 94, 113, 176, 185
212
dioikhthvς, 14
Bavnaς, Nikovlaoς, 139
Mutilhvnhς, Dhmhvtrioς, 103
Sikelivaς, Leovntioς, 126
Machtavrioς, Nikovlaoς, 133
Qeovdwroς, 114
Kosmᾶς, 183
Levwn, 126
Stevfanoς, 162
dioikhth;ς tῶn ejparciῶn, Stauravkioς, 162
Dionuvsioς, strathlavthς, 179, 193
Dobromhrovς, Qeovdwroς, prwtoprovedroς, 47, 57
domevstikoς,
toῦ douko;ς Boulgarivaς, 141 (?)
tῆς Duvsewς, Komnhnovς, Ἰwavnnhς, 173
Kiburraiwtῶn, Levwn, 184
tῶn scolῶn tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, Bracavmioς, Filavretoς, 186
tῶn scolῶn tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, Kwnstanti'noς, 119
tῶn scolῶn tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, Nikhvtaς, 191
tῶn scolῶn tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, Oὐmarazovthς (?), 173
tῶn scolῶn tῆς Duvsewς, Komnhnovς, Ἰwavnnhς, 191-192
tῶn scolῶn tῆς Duvsewς, Levwn, 146
Ἰoulianovς, 165
domevstikoς mevgaς,
Bracavmioς, Filavretoς, 187
Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς, 56, 187, (cf. Komnhnovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 190)
Domevtioς, 163, 179
ejpivskopoς Ἡrakleioupovlewς, 154
Dosivqeoς (?), 190
Douvkaina, 31,
Ἄnna, sebasthv, 35, 57
Palaiologivna, Qeodwvra, aὐgouvsta, 131, 167
Mariva, 30
Douvkaς,
Ἄggeloς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 31
Batavtzhς, Ἰwshvf, 147
Dalasshnovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 122
Kamathrovblastoς, Ἀndrovnikoς, sebastovς, 142, 168
Ἀndrovnikoς, prwtoprovedroς, 93
Ἀndrovnikoς, sebastovς, 33, 56
Ἰwavnnhς, basileopavtwr, 115
Kwnstanti'noς X, basileuvς, 90, 112, 163
Micahvl VII, basileuvς, 113, 176, 185
Nikhfovroς, sebastovς, 177
doῦloς,
tῆς Qeotovkou, Baavnioς (?), 170
tῆς Qeotovkou, Bai>anovς (?), 170
213
tῆς Qeotovkou, Bavnoς (?), 170

tῆς Qeotovkou, Qeodovsioς, 169
tῆς Qeotovkou, Qerdᾶtoς, 182
tῆς Qeotovkou, Ἰobianovς (?), 170
tῆς Qeotovkou, Ἰordavnhς, 123
tῆς Qeotovkou, Ἰoubianovς (?), 170
tῆς Qeotovkou, Ἰwavnnhς, 65
tῆς Qeotovkou, Sisivnnioς, 156, 181
toῦ Qeoῦ, Gennavdioς, 192
Cristoῦ, Melisshnovς Micahvl, 109
Cristoῦ, Ἀlavbhnoς, 122
Cristoῦ, Ἀlevxioς, 122
Cristoῦ, Levwn, 169, 171
douvx,
Ἀdrianoupovlewς, Qeodwrokavnoς, 159
Ἀntioceivaς, Ἰasivthς, Micahvl, 54
Ἀntioceivaς, Kekaumevnoς, Katakalwvn, 131
Ἀntioceivaς, Tarcaneiwvthς, Ἰwshvf, 129
Ἀntioceivaς, Kwnstanti'noς, 119
Boulgarivaς, domevstikoς, 141 (?)
pavshς Duvsewς, Perhnovς, Levwn, 112
pavshς Duvsewς, Sarwnivthς, Micahvl, 122
Ἐdevsshς, Ἀlousiavnoς, Samouhvl, 151
Ἐdevsshς, Dabathnovς (or Diabathnovς), 90-91
Ἐdevsshς, Dabathnovς (or Diabathnovς), Levwn, 91
Qeodosioupovlewς, 94
Qra/khsivwn, Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (1), 27
Melithnῆς, Cetavmhς, Qeovdwroς, 177
Paflagonivaς, Komnhnovς, Qeovdwroς, 186
Peloponnhvsou kai; Ἑllavdoς, Botaneiavthς, Nikhfovroς, 186
Ἀpokavphς, Basivleioς, 113
Gabrᾶς, Qeovdwroς, 106
Ἑxamilivthς, Qeovdwroς, 150
Pakourianovς, Grhgovrioς, 144
Basivleioς, 113
Grhgovrioς, 155, 186
Sevrgioς, 141
dux,
Venetie Dalmatie Chroatie, Mastropetrus, 130
(?), Liutprandus, 113
drovmou,
Carsianoῦ, cartoulavrioς, Micahvl, 138, 153
logoqevthς, Qeovktistoς, 120
logoqevthς, Qwmᾶς, 120, 157 (?)
logoqevthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 164
logoqevthς, Levwn, 120
logoqevthς, Sumewvn, 121
214
logoqevthς ojxevwς, Levwn, 164

prwtonotavrioς, 121
prwtonotavrioς, Ἰwavnnhς, 121
prwtonotavrioς, Pantolevwn, 121
cartoulavrioς, Micahvl, cf. drovmou Carsianoῦ, cartoulavrioς,
Micahvl, 138, 153
cartoulavrioς, Nikhvtaς, 121
drovmou tῆς Duvsewς,
cartoulavrioς, Cristovforoς, 121
Drosevrioς, ἔparcoς, 131
drouggavrioς,
toῦ Aijgaivou Pelavgouς, Gewvrgioς, 113
toῦ b. ploΐmou, Nikhvtaς, 166
Gabrihvl, 165
Gewvrgioς, 183
Qeofuvlaktoς, 126
Levwn, 112
Nikhvtaς, 113
Pavgkaloς (?), 193, 194
Stevfanoς, 169
Drougoubiteivaς, krithvς, 141
Drougoubitῶn, ἄrcwn, Pevtroς, 153
Durracivou,
mhtropolivthς, Eὐstavqioς, 38
Duvsewς,
cartoulavrioς drovmou, Cristovforoς, 121
douvx pavshς, Perhnovς, Levwn, 112
douvx pavshς, Sarwnivthς, Micahvl, 122
domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn, Komnhnovς, Ἰwavnnhς, 173, 192
domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn, Levwn, 146
Dwrovqeoς, 180 (?)
patrivkioς, basiliko;ς logoqevthς, 105
Ἐdevsshς,
douvx, Ἀlousiavnoς, Samouhvl, 151
douvx, Dabathnovς (or Diabathnovς), 90-91
douvx, Dabathnovς (or Diabathnovς), Levwn, 91
katepavnw, Paῦloς, 94
eijdikoῦ lovgou, b. notavrioς, Micahvl, 150
Eijrhvnh,
Ἰasitinhv, 57
Piroska, aὐgouvsta, 26
ἔkdikoς Cersῶnoς, Nikhfovroς, 104
ejkklhsevkdikoi tῆς Megavlhς Ἐkklhsivaς (cf. presbuvteroi tῆς Megavlhς Ἐk-
klhsivaς), 158, 188, 190, 195
ecclesiae,
Cataniae, episcopus, Constantinus, 173
Catenensium, episcopus, Iohannes, 124
215
ejk proswvpou,
tῶn ἀgelῶn, Levwn (?), 136
Qra/vkhς, Dabivd, 40, 53
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 189
eijς Karabhsiavnouς, Qeovdotoς, 5
Meshmbrivaς, Kuriakovς, 185
Ῥhgivou, Nikhfovroς, 132
Cersῶnoς, Sevrgioς, 104
Ἀbravmioς, 114
ejlavcistoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 181
Ἐlivnagoς, cf. Nestovggoς (?), 138
Ἐlissai'oς, patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 102
Ἑlladikῶn, 14
tourmavrchς, Ἀgallianovς, 11
Ἑllavdoς, 4, 7, 11, 13
douvx, Botaneiavthς, Nikhfovroς, 186
strathgiva, 5
strathgovς, Prwteuvwn, Ἰwavnnhς, 103
tourmavrchς, Qeovgnioς, 129
Ἐnnovdioς (?), 116
Ἑxakionivthς (?), Aὐxevntioς, 178
ejxavktwr,
Kalovyucoς, Nikovlaoς, 144
Karabitziwvthς, Eὐquvmioς, 151
Ἑxamilivthς,
krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, cf. Ἑxamilivthς, provedroς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ
Ἱppodrovmou, 138, 153
Gewvrgioς, prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; tῶn
Gewvrgioς, krith;ς tῶn Ἀrmeniakῶn, cf. Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, krith;ς
tῶn Ἀrmenikῶn qemavtwn, 153
Gewvrgioς, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, prwtonotavrioς, krithvς Seleukeivaς, 148
Ἐpifavnioς, bestavrchς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 149
Qeovdwroς, douvx, kouropalavthς, 150
Ἰwavnnhς, 150
Ἰwavnnhς, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, bevsthς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou
kai; tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, 149
Ἰwavnnhς, patrivkioς, ὕpatoς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ
Ὀyikivou, 149
Ἰwavnnhς, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, krith;ς Seleukeivaς,
kouravtwr Tarsoῦ, 148
Kwnstanti'noς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς, 148
Levwn, 149
Levwn, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 149
Micahvl, 148
Micahvl, kevnswr, krithvς Paflagonivaς, 148
Nikovlaoς, 150
216
Sevrgioς, bestavrchς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 149

Sevrgioς, bevsthς, krithvς, 149
Sevrgioς, bevsthς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 149
Sevrgioς, bevsthς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou kai; tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 149, 195
Sevrgioς, prwtoprovedroς, dikaiofuvlax, ἔparcoς, 149
Sevrgioς, prwtoprovedroς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 149
Sevrgioς, prwtospaqavrioς, b. notavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou, 148
Sisivnnioς, prwtospaqavrioς, 148
provedroς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou, 137, 153
provedroς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ Carsianoῦ, 149
ἔxarcoς patriarcikovς, 143
tῆς Qra/vkhς or tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Kwnstanti'noς, 184
ejxiswvthς,
Ἀcuravouς, 178, 188
Ἀcuravouς, Karavnthς, 178, 188
ejxkevptwr, Ἀmmwvnioς, 178
ex consul, Sergius, 183
Ἐxuvbitoς, Theofilactos, 122
ejparciῶn, dioikhthvς, Stauravkioς, 162
ejparciῶn toῦ Ἀrmeniakoῦ,
kommerkiavrioi, 3
ἔparcoς,
Qessalonivkhς, 2
Ἰllurikoῦ, 2
Dalasshnovς (?), Nikhvtaς (?), 139
Melisshnovς (?), Nikhvtaς (?), 139
Drosevrioς, 131
Levwn, 131
Paῦloς, 181
Pevtroς, 190
ἔparcoς Ἰtalivaς, Ἰwavnnhς, 145
ἔparcoς povlewς, (cf. ἀnnwnevparcoς, ἔparcoς tῶn praitwrivwn, 140)
Ἀkuli'noς (?), 131
Nikhvtaς, cf. Dalasshnovς or Melisshnovς, Nikhvtaς (?), ἔparcoς, 140
Nikovlaoς (?), 131
ἔparcoς tῶn praitwrivwn, 140
ejpeivkthς, Ἀnastavsioς, 162
Epictetus, 163
ejpiskeptivthς toῦ Ἱeroῦ, Levwn, 103
ejpivskopoς,
Ἀlabavndwn, Ῥwmanovς, 186
Ἀmavstrhς (?), 106
Ἀpameivaς, Micahvl, 164
Ἀttaleivaς, Ἀlevxioς, 185
Basilaivou (?), Ἰgnavtioς, 137
Galivtzhς, Kosmᾶς, 39
Damala', Sumewvn, 169
217
Debeltoῦ, Kwnstanti'noς, 37, 55, 59

Ἐfevsou, Qeodovsioς, 184
Ἡrakleioupovlewς, Domevtioς, 154
Ἰouliopovlewς (?), Ἰgnavtioς, 137
Ἰwnopovlewς, cf. Ἰgnavtioς, ejpivskopoς Basilaivou or Ἰouliopovlewς, 137
Kaisareivaς Kappadokivaς, 64
Katavnhς, Qeovdwroς, 124
Larivmwn, Ἰgnavtioς, 185
Nobogravdou, jArkavdioς, 39
Nobogravdou, Neovfutoς, 39
Nuvsshς, 172
Panovrmou, Qeovdwroς, 124
Proΐnwn, Nikovlaoς, 187 (?)
Savrdewn, Eὐquvmioς, 64
Sevttwn, Eὐstavqioς, 143
Sbivdhς, Nikhfovroς, 168
Smolinivskou, Manouhvl, 39
Ὑpaivpwn, Nikhvtaς, 187
Faustinoupovlewς, Danihvl, 72
Faustinoupovlewς, Ἰwavnnhς, 71-73
Faustinoupovlewς, Patrovfiloς, 72
Filivppwn, Micahvl, 190
Carioupovlewς (?), Micahvl, 159
Cersῶnoς, 104
Cersῶnoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 106
Gewvrgioς (?), 167
Grhgovrioς (?), 167
episcopus,
ecclesiae Cataniae, Constantinus, 173
ecclesiae Catenensium, Iohannes, 124
Panormi, Theodorus, 124
Ἐpifavnioς,
Ἑxamilivthς, bestavrchς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 149
Eὐforbhnovς, cf. Eὐforbhnovς, Stevfanoς, 155
Pentaktevnhς, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, 131
Hervé , cf. Ἐrbevbioς, Ἐrbevoς
Ἐrbevbioς (Hervé), Fraggovpouloς (cf. Ἐrbevoς, Fraggovpouloς,), 89, 96
mavgistroς, bevsthς, strathlavthς tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, 90-91
provedroς, strathlavthς divkaia ὐperevcwn tῆς ἀkefavlhς Ἀnatolῆς, 92-
94, 176
ὕpatoς, strathgovς or strathlavthς, 92
Ἐrbevoς (Hervé), Fraggovpouloς, oJ Gavlloς (cf. Ἐrbevbioς, Fraggovpouloς), 95-96
eJrmhneuthvς (?), 135
eJtaireivaς (ejpi; tῆς megavlhς), Ῥwmanovς, 168
Eὐavgrioς, 178
Eὐgevnioς, 179
ÔAgivou Basileivou (?), hJgouvmenoς (?), 64
proedreuvwn pistoῦ poimnivou, prwtovqronoς Kaisareivaς (?), 63-64
218
Eὐgeniwvthς, Ἰwshvf, 194

Eὐdokiva, basivlissa, 113, 186
Eὐdovkimoς, Mwrocarzavnhς, 40, 56
Eudoxia Licinia, augusta, 18
Eὐquvmioς,
Karabitziwvthς, 137, 153
Karabitziwvthς, ejxavktwr, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Kappa-
dokivaς, 151
ejpivskopoς Savrdewn, 64
Eὐqumivou (oJ toῦ), Micahvl, 175
Eὐkravthς (?), 183
Eὐlovgioς, Dhmwvsiς, cf. Eὐlovgioς, Mwvsiς, 175
Eὐlovgioς, Mwvsiς, 45, 57, 175
Eὐmovlpioς (?), 115
Eὐmovrfioς,
Pediavsimoς, prwtospaqavrioς, tagmatofuvlax, strathgovς, 109
Eὐxeniwvthς, Ἰwshvf, (cf. Eὐgeniwvthς, Ἰwshvf, 194)
Eὐstavqioς, 12
ejpivskopoς Sevttwn, 143
quvthς (= metropolitan) Ἀdrianoupovlewς, 158, 160
mhtropolivthς Ἀdrianoupovlewς, 51, 59
mhtropolivthς Durracivou, 38
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; tῶn oijkeiakῶn, 166
b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, kleisouravrchς Seleukeivaς, 162, 166
Eὐtucianovς, ὕpatoς, 114
Eὐfhmiva, uJpavtissa, 163
Eὐfhmianovς, b. spaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ maglabivou, 166
Eὐfhvmioς,
basileu;ς Ῥwmaivwn, 132
notavrioς, 127
Eὐforbhnovς, Ἐpifavnioς, cf. Eὐforbhnovς, Stevfanoς, 155
Eὐforbhnovς, Stevfanoς, prwtospaqavrioς (?), taxiavrchς, 155
Eὐfrosuvnh (Kamathvrissa), basivlissa, 32
Ἐfevsou,
ἀrciepivskopoς, Qeofavnhς, 171
ἀrciepivskopoς, Qeovfiloς, cf. Ἐfevsou ἀrciepivskopoς, Qeofavnhς, 171
ἀrciepivskopoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 129
ejpivskopoς, Qeodovsioς, 184
Ἐfraivm, monacovς, hJgouvmenoς toῦ Sphlaivou (?), 185, 193
Zarzhlhvaς, cf. Karalivaς, 154

Zacai'oς (?), 153
Zacarivaς, 48, 56 [?, cf. Zacai'oς (?), 153]
Fravggoς, bestavrchς, strathgovς, 176
Zeuvgmh, 41
Zhvnwn, basileuvς, 19
Zicivaς, ἄrcwn, Micahvl, 110
219
Zwhv, basivlissa, 159

Zwviloς, b. ὕpatoς, ku;r Cersῶnoς, 104
zwsth; patrikiva,
Ἀnastasiva, 132
Qeoktivsth, 132
hJgouvmenoς, 50, 55, 59, 140 (?)

(?) toῦ ÔAgivou Basileivou (?), Eὐgevnioς, 64
Baivwn, Mavmaloς 125
Sphlaivou (?), Ἐfraivm, 185, 193
(?) Micahvl, 182
∆Hlivaς,
b. prwtospaqavrioς, paraqalassivthς, 133
prwtospaqavrioς, cartoulavrioς, 185
Ἡravkleioς,
basileuvς, 1
patrivkioς, 182, 193
patrivkioς, monostravthgoς, 10
Ἡrakleioupovlewς, ejpivskopoς, Domevtioς, 154
Ἡravkleitoς, bikavrioς, 179
Ἡria (cf. Mariva)
∆Hsaΐaς, cartoulavrioς tῶn ἀgelῶn, 179 (?, cf. ∆Hsaΐaς, cartoulavrioς toῦ
stavblou, 179)
qei'oς aὐtokratoῦntoς Ἰsaakivou, Ἰwavnnhς, 143

qevma (-ta), 1-4, 12-14
Aijgaivou Pelavgouς, 5
Ἀnatolikῶn, 10
Ἀrmeniakῶn, 90, 94
Ἀrmenikav, 4
Ἀrmenikῶn, krithvς, Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, 148
Boukellarivwn, 5
Ἑllavdoς, 5, 10
Qessalonivkhς, 5
Qra/vkhς, 5-6, 53-55, 58
Qra/khsiavnwn, 5
Qra/khsivwn, 3, 5-6, 10, 27
Kefallhnivaς, 5
Kiburraiwtῶn, 5, 10
Krhvthς, 5
Makedonivaς, 5, 53-55, 59
Peloponnhvsou, 5
Sikelivaς, 5
b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς Sikelivaς, 130
Qeovgnioς, tourmavrchς Ἑllavdoς, 129
Qeovgnwstoς,
ojstiavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Kappadokivaς, 150
prwtospaqavrioς, ἀshkrῆtiς, 47, 54
220
Qeodovsioς, 190 (?)

ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 169
II, basileuvς, 19
ejpivskopoς Ἐfevsou, 184
(b.) kandidᾶtoς (?), ejpi; toῦ koitῶnoς (?), geniko;ς logoqevthς (?), 107
Qeodosioupovlewς, douvx, 94
Qeovdotoς, 178
spaqavrioς, ejk proswvpou eijς Karabhsiavnouς, 5
ὕpatoς, 141 (?), 165
Qeovdouloς, 56
Qeodwvra,
Douvkaina, Palaiologivna, aὐgouvsta, 131, 167
Komnhnhv [cf. Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (2)], 30
Qeodwvrhtoς, prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς, 158
Qeodwrokavnoς,
Ἀswvthς, 138
Kwnstanti'noς, 135, 186
Kwnstanti'noς, ἀnquvpatoς, patrivkioς, 135
Kwnstanti'noς, patrivkioς, 135
Nikhfovroς, patrivkioς, strathgovς, 185
patrivkioς, dou;x Ἀdrianoupovlewς, 159
Qeovdwroς, 22, 47, 56, 67, 117 (?), 131, 161, 180 (?)
Bebaptismevnoς, prwtospaqavrioς, ὕpatoς, strathgovς, 157
Bebaptismevnoς, strathgovς, 172
Gabrᾶς, sebastovς, douvx, 106
Diabathnovς, bevsthς, 91
Dobromhrovς, prwtoprovedroς, 47, 57
Ἑxamilivthς, douvx, kouropalavthς, 150
Kalocwrhnovς, 188
Kasshterᾶς, prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς, 34, 54
Komnhnovς, kouropalavthς, dou;x Paflagonivaς, 186
Komnhnovς, sebastovς, 159
I, Lavskariς, basileuvς, 178
Mavtzariς, 110
Machtavrioς (?), strathgovς, 140
Megalommavthς, 167
Phgwnivthς, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, bevsthς, katepavnw tῶn
Paradounabivtwn, 191
Cetavmhς, kouropalavthς, dou;x Melithnῆς, 177
Crushvlioς, krithvς, 185
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς, 103
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, uiJo;ς Ἰwavnnou, 192, 194
ἀpo; uJpavtwn, kommerkiavrioς, 103
ἀpo; uJpavtwn, patrivkioς, kovmhς toῦ Ὀyikivou, ὐpostravthgoς tῆς Qra/kv hς, 7
ἀrciepivskopoς Ἀgciavlou, 47, 55, 59
dioikhthvς, 114
ejpivskopoς Katavnhς, 124
221
ejpivskopoς Panovrmou 124

kouravtwr, 180, 193
mhtropolivthς Serrῶn, 186
patrivkioς, 183
patrivkioς, strathgovς, 130
provedroς, 110
provedroς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 110
b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 100, 107
b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς Ἀdavnhς, 113
prwtospaqavrioς, ὕpatoς, 115
rJeferendavrioς, 180
b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, oijkistikovς, 123
spaqarokandidᾶtoς, strathgovς, 122
strathgo;ς Sikelivaς, 7
uiJo;ς Pevtrou (?), 181
ὕpatoς, 170
ὕpatoς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 99
ὕpatoς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Kappadokivaς, 151
Theodoros, 22, 176 (?),
primiskrivnioς, 180
Theodorus episcopus Panormi, 124
Qeodwvrou, uiJovς, Pevtroς, 181 (?)
Qeoktivsth, zwsth; patrikiva, penqera; toῦ basilevwς, 132
Qeovktistoς,
monacovς, 55, 59
patrivkioς, logoqevthς toῦ drovmou, 120
b. spaqavrioς, 153
ὕpatoς, parafuvlax Ἀbuvdou, 118
Qeomhvdouς (?), 180
Qeovpistoς (?), 154
Qeoskepavstou, monhv, 131
Qeovteknoς, 181,
strathlavthς, 181, 193, 194
Qeotovkou, cf. doῦloς
Qeotovkou tῆς Crusokefavlou, cf. Crusokevfaloς, 141
Qeoῦ, doῦloς, Gennavdioς, 192
Qeofavnhς, 56, 129
ἀrciepivskopoς Ἐfevsou, 171
b. mandavtwr (?), 129
parafuvlax Ἀbuvdou, 118
b. spaqavrioς, 195
ὕpatoς, spaqavrioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, 126
Qeovfiloς, 168
ἀrciepivskopoς Ἐfevsou, cf. Qeofavnhς ἀrciepivskopoς Ἐfevsou, 171
basileuvς, 174
222
patrivkioς, strathgo;ς tῶn Karabisiavnwn, 5

ὕpatoς, 126
Qeofuvlaktoς, 47, 56, 165
ÔAgiozacarivthς, patrivkioς, 164
Gastrovpouloς, 185
geniko;ς logoqevthς, 106
diavkonoς, koubouklhvsioς, rJeferendavrioς, 189
drouggavrioς, 126
notavrioς, 127
patriavrchς Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 87
prwtobestavrchς, krith;ς tῶn Kiburraiwtῶn, 175
b. spaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 99
Theofilactos Ἐxuvbitoς, 122
Qerdᾶtoς, doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 182
Qessalonivkhς,
gennhmatᾶς, 141 (?)
ἔparcoς, 2
qevma, 5
kommerkiavrioς, Stauravkioς, 144
strathgovς, cf. strathgo;ς qeofulavktou b. Ὀyikivou, 140
strathgovς, Micahvl, 103
Qettalῶn, quvthς, Ἰtaliwvthς (?), Levwn (?), 44, 57, 59
Qra/vkhς, 6
ejk proswvpou, Dabivd, 40, 53
(?) ἔxarcoς patriarcikovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 184
qevma, 5-6, 53-55, 58
krithvς, Micahvl, 185
strathgovς, 58, (cf. strathgo;ς tῶn Qra/khsivwn or tῶn Qra/kh-
siavnwn, 141)
strathgovς, Grhgorᾶς (?), 53
strathgovς, Nikhfovroς, 7
strathgovς, Sisivnnioς, 46, 53
strathgovς, Swthvricoς (?), 46, 54
uJpostravthgoς, Qeovdwroς, 7
cartoulavrioς, cf. cartoulavrioς tῶn Qra/khsiavnwn (?), 141
Thracia (?), 176
Thracis, vicarius,
Swstratianovς (?), 180
Qra/khsiavnwn, 6, 14
qevma, 5
prwtonotavrioς, 6
strathgovς, 6, 141 (?)
strathgovς, Ἀrsabhvr, 6
cartoulavrioς (?), 141
cartoulavrioς, Sisivnnioς, 6
223
Qra/khsivwn, 6, 12
ἀnagrafeuvς, Ἰwavnnhς, 192
ἀnagrafeuvς, Fwteinovς, 184
douvx, Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (1), 27
ejk proswvpou, 189
(?) ἔxarcoς patriarcikovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 184
kovmhς, Ἀrtavbasdoς, 193
krithvς, Ἑxamilivthς, Sevrgioς, 149 (cf. bhvlou), 195 (cf. bhvlou)
qevma, 3, 5-6, 10, 27
prwtonotavrioς, Aijmilianovς, 184
prwtonotavrioς strathgoῦ, Ἀnastavsioς, 2
strathgiva, 8-9
strathgovς, 2, 49, 53, 141 (?), 169
strathgovς, Lacanodravkwn, Micahvl, 12
strathgovς, Bardavnhς Toῦrkoς, 184
strathgovς, Levwn, 12
(?) strathgovς, Nikovlaoς, 173, 192
tourmavrchς, Baavnhς, 193
Qraskevaς, Levwn, 175
quvthς,
Ἀdrianoupovlewς, Eὐstavqioς, 158, 160
Qettalῶn, Ἰtaliwvthς (?), Levwn (?), 44, 57, 59
Kuvprou, Levwn, 143 (?)
(Cristoῦ), Gabrihvl, 161
Qwmᾶς, 187
ἀshkrῆtiς, 112
monacovς, 146
monacovς, kouboukleivsioς, 133
patrivkioς, praipovsitoς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, logoqevthς toῦ drov-
mou, 120
patrivkioς, praipovsitoς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, logoqevthς toῦ drovmou or
tῶn agelῶn, 157
prwtospaqavrioς, ὕpatoς, strathgo;ς Germanikeivaς, 185
Ἰavkwboς, b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, 53
Ἰasivthς, 138 (?)
Micahvl, mavgistroς, dou;x Ἀntioceivaς, 54
Ἰasitinav, Eijrhvnh, 57
Ἰgnavtioς,
ejpivskopoς Basilaivou (?), 137
ejpivskopoς Ἰouliopovlewς (?), 137
ejpivskopoς Larivmwn, 185
Ἱerosoluvmwn,
patriavrchς, 38
patriavrchς, Ἰwavnnhς VIII, 177
Ἱeroῦ, ejpiskeptivthς, Levwn, 103
Ἱevrwn, 181
224
ijllouvstrioς,
Melisshnovς, Micahvl, 109
Plagiwvthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 180
Leovntioς, 117
Ἰllurikoῦ, ἔparcoς, 2
Ἰobianovς (?), doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 170
Ἰordavnhς, doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 123
Ἰoubianovς (?), doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 170
Ἰoulianovς,
domevstikoς, 165
mhtropolivthς Seleukeivaς, 87
Ἰouliopovlewς (?), ejpivskopoς, Ἰgnavtioς, 137
Ἰoustinianovς,
I, basileuvς, 7, 20, 43, 53, 58, 76-77, 157, 164, 174, 178, 194 (?)
II, basileuvς, 4
Ἰousti'noς,
I, basileuvς, 18, 164
II, basileuvς, 20
Ἱppodrovmou (ejpi; toῦ), cf. krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou
Ἰsaavkioς,
II, Ἄggeloς, aὐtokravtwr, 142
II, Ἄggeloς, basileuvς, 32, 57
I, Komnhnovς, basileuvς Ῥwmaivwn, 62, 90, 112
Kontostevfanoς, pansevbastoς, mevgaς dou;x toῦ stovlou, (cf. Konto-
stevfanoς, Stevfanoς), 26
Ἰsaakivou aὐtokratoῦntoς, qei'oς, Ἰwavnnhς, 143
Ἰsaurivaς, geniko;ς logoqevthς ἀpoqhvkhς, Kuriakovς, 172, 181
“Ishς, Ἰwavnnhς, 41, 57
Ἰsivdwroς (?), 180
Ἰswvhς, 13
Italiae, praefectus praetorio, Macrobius, 145
Ἰtalivaς, ἔparcoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 145
Ἰtaliwvthς (?), Levwn (?), quvthς (= metropolitan) Qettalῶn, 44, 57, 59
Italos cubicularius, cf. cubicularius, 180
Ἰwavnnhς, 41, 56-57, 111, 116, 123, 130, 137, 138 (?), 141, 153 (?) [cf.
Marianovς, 141 (?), Sevrgioς, 174]
Ἀgrivthς, 166
Batavtzhς, bevsthς, 55
Gabalᾶς, 188
Gabrᾶς, 105
Gounariwvthς, 166
Grith (Gritti), cf. Ἰwavnnhς Ἀgrivthς, 166
Douvkaς, basileopavtwr, 115
Ἑxamilivthς, 150
Ἑxamilivthς, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, bevsthς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou
kai; tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, 149
Ἑxamilivthς, patrivkioς, ὕpatoς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ
Ὀyikivou, 149
225
Ἑxamilivthς, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, krithvς

Seleukeivaς, kouravtwr Tarsoῦ, 148
Ἴshvς, 41-42, 57
Kalokerivthς (?), provedroς, 170-171
Kalovyucoς, prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai;
Seleukeivaς, 185
Koilavditoς, 189
II, Komnhnovς, basileuvς, 26, 32
Komnhnovς, kouropalavthς, domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn tῆς Duvsewς, 173, 192
Kourtivkhς, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, 134
Makrembolivthς, 42, 56, 138
Marcayavboς, monacovς, suvgkelloς, 186
Maurozwvmhς Komnhnovς, 178, 188
Maurozwvmhς Manouhvl, 74
Nei'loς (?), prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, mustogravfoς,
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Kappadokivaς, 150
Nomopoivdatoς (?), 111
Pantecnhvς, cartofuvlax, 39
Pepagwmevnoς, 42, 57
Plagiwvthς, ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 165, 180, 193
Plagiwvthς, ijllouvstrioς, 180
Prwteuvwn, strathgovς Ἑllavdoς, 103
Straborwmanovς, 42, 57
Filavgrhς, 42, 57
oJ toῦ Ἀlexiwvtou, 56, 59
ἀnquvpatoς, patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 100
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 124, 169 (?), 182
ἀpo; uJpavtwn, 171
ἀpo; uJpavtwn, doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 65
ἀrciepivskopoς Ἐfevsou, 129
bestavrchς, ἀneyio;ς toῦ fuvlakoς, 187
bestivtwr, 181
VII, despovthς, 142
ejlavcistoς, 181
ejpivskopoς Faustinoupovlewς, 71-73
ejpivskopoς Cersῶnoς, 106
ijllouvstrioς (?), vicarius Thracis, 180
b. kandidᾶtoς, prwtonotavrioς, 159-160
koubouklhvsioς, b. klhrikovς, 37
krithvς, mevgaς kouravtwr Mutilhvnhς, 55
VIII, patriavrchς Ἱerosoluvmwn, 177
patrivkioς, 123, 182, 183 (?)
patrivkioς, logoqevthς toῦ drovmou, 164
patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, sakellavrioς, 184
patrivkioς, strathgo;ς Sougdaivaς (?), 147
primikhvrioς or patrivkioς, strathgo;ς Sougdaivaς, 109
226
provedroς, 42, 57
provedroς Nuvsshς, 176
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, prwtonotavrioς toῦ
drovmou, 121
prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, ὕpatoς (?), krith;ς ejpi; toῦ
Ἱppodrovmou kai; tῶn Ἀrmeniakῶn, 162, 167
prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, cartoulavrioς toῦ stra-
tiwtikoῦ logoqesivou, ejxavktwr, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai;
Kappadokivaς, 151, 158
prwtospaqavrioς, kevnswr, ἀnagrafeu;ς tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 192
b. prwtospaqavrioς, prwtoashkrῆtiς, prwtonotavrioς toῦ drovmou, 121
b. prwtospaqavrioς, sakellavrioς, 172, 193-194
prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς, 109
(b.) prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς Cersῶnoς, 104, 108
sebastokravtwr, despovthς, qei'oς aὐtokratoῦntoς Ἰsaakivou, 143
spaqavrioς (?), 110
b. spaqavrioς, 188
spaqavrioς, strathgovς, 108
spaqarokoubikoulavrioς (?), 110
b. stravtwr, 146
b. stravtwr, ἄrcwn Strobhvlou, 195
ὕpatoς, 114, 162
ὕpatoς, ἔparcoς Ἰtalivaς, 145
ὕpatoς, spaqavrioς, 141
ὕpatoς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, prwtostravtwr, 184
cartoulavrioς Ἀbuvdou, 118
Ἰwavnnou, uiJovς, Qeovdwroς, 192, 194
Iohannes episcopus ecclesiae Catenensium, 124
Ἰwnopovlewς ejpivskopoς, cf. Basilaivou or Ἰouliopovlewς, ejpivskopoς, Ἰgnav-
tioς, 137
Ἰwshvf, 138 (?)
Batavtzhς, 188
Batavtzhς Douvkaς, oijkevthς, 147
Bruevnnioς, 158
Eὐxeniwvthς (cf. Ἰwsh;f Eὐgeniwvthς, 194)
Tarcaneiwvthς, provedroς, dou;x Ἀntioceivaς, 129
kagkellavrioς (mevgaς) (?), 154

Kazavnhς, Qeovdwroς, bevsthς, 55
kaqhgevthς monῆς, 140, 154
kaqhgouvmenoς,
Basivleioς, 54, 59
kai'sar,
Melisshnovς, Nikhfovroς, 156-157
Kwvnstaς, 97
227
Kaisareivaς,
Kappadokivaς, ἀrciepivskopoς, Grhgovrioς, 193
Kappadokivaς, ejpivskopoς, 64
ἀrciepivskopoς, Levwn, 64
ἀrciepivskopoς, Stulianovς, 64
prwtovqronoς, Eὐgevnioς, 64
Kallivnikoς, Nikovlaoς (?), patrivkioς, 45, 54
kallinivkwn, cf. Xulinitῶn, 140, 154
Kallivou, monhv, 119
Kalokerivthς (?), Ἰwavnnhς, provedroς, 170-171
Kalocwrhnovς, Qeovdwroς, 188
Kalovyucoς,
Ἰwavnnhς, prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Seleukeivaς,
Nikovlaoς, ejxavktwr, 145
Kam... (?, family name), 138
Kavmaς, strathgovς, cf. Kam... or Cam... (?, family name), 138
Kamathrovblastoς, Douvkaς, Ἀndrovnikoς, sebastovς, 142, 168
Kamathrovς (?), 160, (cf. Eὐquvmioς Karabitziwvthς, 138, 153)
Petrwnᾶς, prwtospaqavrioς (?), strathgo;ς tῶn Klimavtwn (?), 108
(b.) kandidᾶtoς,
Ἀnastavsioς, 2
Dhmhvtrioς, 103
Ἰwavnnhς, 159-160
Levwn, 184
Nikhfovroς, 104
Cristovforoς, 152
Kappadokivaς,
ἀrciepivskopoς Kaisareivaς, Grhgovrioς, 193
ejpivskopoς Kaisareivaς, 64
krithvς, Karabitziwvthς, Eὐquvmioς, 151 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Khroulavrioς, Ἰwavnnhς, 150 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Nei'loς (?), Ἰwavnnhς, 150 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Oὐranovς, Sumewvn, 151
krithvς, Qeovgnwstoς, 150 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Qeovdwroς, 151 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Ἰwavnnhς, 151, 158 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Kwnstanti'noς, 150 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Kwnstanti'noς, 150 (cf. bhvlou, ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Micahvl, 151 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Ὑpavtioς, 150
eijς Karabhsiavnouς,
ejk proswvpou, Qeovdotoς, 5
Karabisiavnwn, 4-5, 11, 13-14
strathgovς, 5
strathgovς, Ἀdrianovς, 5
strathgovς, Ἀpelavthς, 5
strathgovς, Qeovfiloς, 5
228
Karabitziwvthς,
Eὐquvmioς, 138, 153
Eὐquvmioς, ejxavktwr, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Kappadokivaς, 151
Karakavllou, cf. Karamavllou, 138
Karalivaς, 154
Karavmalloς, Nikhfovroς, patrivkioς, 164
Karamavllou, 138, 153
Karanthnovς, cf. Kardavmhς (?), 141
Karavnthς, ejxiswvthς Ἀcuravouς, 178, 188
Kardavmhς (?), 141
Karivaς, 137 (?)
Kasshterᾶς, Qeovdwroς, prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς, 34, 54
kastrofuvlax,
Ἁgiodhmhtriwvthς (?), Gewvrgioς, 113
Katakalovς, Kwnstanti'noς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 168
Katakavlou, cf. Karamavllou, 153
Katakalwvn,
Kekaumevnoς, mavgistroς, dou;x Ἀntioceivaς, 131
Nikovlaoς, 167
Tarcaneiwvthς, 43, 57
kouboukleivsioς, 135
Katavnhς,
ejpivskopoς, Qeovdwroς, 124
mhtropolivthς povlewς, Ἀntwvnioς, 189
Cataniae ecclesiae, episcopus, Constantinus, 173
Catenensium ecclesiae, episcopus, Iohannes, 124
Kataflῶroς, Kwnstanti'noς, cf. Kwnstanti'noς Kontostevfanoς, 147
katepanikivou Baasprakanivaς, ἀrciepivskopoς, 138 (?)
katepavnw,
Ἀdrianoupovlewς kai; Meshmbrivaς, Sumewvn, 161
Ἀntioceivaς, Pediadivthς, Basivleioς, 63
Baasprakanivaς, 138
Ἐdevsshς, Paῦloς, 94
Meshmbrivaς, Balatzevrthς, 140
tῶn Paradounabivtwn, Phgwnivthς, Qeovdwroς, 191
tῶn ploΐmwn, Nikhvtaς, 166
Sikelivaς, Pediadivthς, Basivleioς, 63
Dabathnovς, Nikhvtaς, 91
tῶn b. ἀnqrwvpwn, Ἄnqhς, 143
Kekaumevnoς,
Ἀlevxioς, 188
Katakalwvn, mavgistroς, dou;x Ἀntioceivaς, 131
kevnswr,
Ἑxamilivthς, Micahvl, 148
229
Oὐranovς, Sumewvn, 151

Skrivbaς, Basivleioς, 173, 186, 193
Ἰwavnnhς, 192
Kerkuvraς,
mhtropolivthς, Pediadivthς, Basivleioς, 63
mhtropolivthς, Kwnstanti'noς, 28
Kefallhnivaς, qevma, 5
Khroulavrioς (not Khboulavrioς), Ἰwavnnhς, patrivkioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ
Ἱppodrovmou kai; Kappadokivaς, 150
Micahvl, patriavrchς Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 189
Khruvkwn, scolhv, 141
Khskisivwn, 153
Kiburraiwtῶn, 13, 152
domevstikoς, Levwn, 184
qevma, 5, 10
krithvς, Qeofuvlaktoς, 175
(?) prwtonotavrioς (?), Micahvl, 143
strathgiva, 9
strathgovς, Sevrgioς, 174
Kilikiῶn, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς prwvthς kai; deutevraς, Kwnstanti'noς, 163
Kilikiῶn, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς ἀpoqhvkhς prwvthς kai; deutevraς,
Kwnstanti'noς, 182
kleisouravrchς, (cf. krithvς, 154, krithvς Seleukeivaς, 140)
Seleukeivaς, Eὐstavqioς, 162, 166
Swzopovlewς, Kwnstanti'noς, 152
Basiliavdoς or Basaiavdoς, Dabivd, 139
Klhvmhς, mhtropolivthς pavshς Ῥwsivaς, 39
(b.) klhrikovς, 143 (?)
Ἰwavnnhς, 37
Kwnstanti'noς, 184
klhrikovς boeavnoς, Dhmhvtrioς, 160
Klimavtwn,
(?) strathgovς (?), Kamathrovς (?), Petrwnᾶς, 108
Cersῶnoς, strathgovς, 147
Klitziasqlavn II, soultavn, 28
koiaivstwr, 108 (?)
Koilavditoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 189
koitwnivthς, Bavrdaς, 136
koitῶnoς (ejpi; toῦ), 118
Kolwneivaς, kommerkiavrioi ἀpoqhvkhς, 3
Kolwneiavthς (?), Micahvl, provedroς, 164
kovmhς,
Ἀbuvdou, Kwnstanti'noς, 117
Ἀbuvdou, Leovntioς, 117
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Ἀrtavbasdoς, 193
toῦ Ὀyikivou, Ἀrtavbasdoς, 183, 192, 194
230
toῦ Ὀyikivou, Qeovdwroς, 7

Ἀnastavsioς, 162
Gewvrgioς, 181
(?) Kwnstanti'noς, 127
Levwn, 126
Pantolevwn, 179 (?)
kovmhς tῆς kovrthς,
Sikelivaς, Micahvl, 126
Sikelivaς, Sisinnavkioς, 129
kovmhς tῶn ἀgelῶn, Plouti'noς, 127
comes tripolitanus, Raimundus, 156
Komitᾶς, 98, 137 (?), 155
ὕpatoς, 181
kommevrkia basilikav,
Ἀsivaς kai; Karivaς, 169
Biqunivaς, Saloutarivaς, Pakatianῆς kai; Ludivaς, 183
strathgivaς Ἑllavdoς, 8
strathgivaς tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 8-9
strathgivaς tῶn Kiburraiwtῶn, 9
kommerkiavrioς (-oi), 3, 7-8, 14
Ἀminsoῦ, Kuriakovς, 143 (?)
ἀpoqhvkhς Kolwneivaς kai; ἀpasῶn tῶn ejparciῶn toῦ Ἀrmeniakoῦ, 3
Ἀsivaς, 8
Debeltoῦ, Surovpouloς, Kwnstanti'noς, 54
Debeltoῦ (?), Fwvtioς, 45, 53
Debeltoῦ, Cristovforoς, 152
Qessalonivkhς, Stauravkioς, 144
Tuvrou, jAreovbindoς, 114
Tuvrou, Mariva or Ἡria, 114
Tuvrou, Micahvl, 114
Cersῶnoς, 107
Cersῶnoς, Kwnstanti'noς, 107
Ἀgaqovnikoς, 54
Qeovdwroς, 103
Paῦloς, 69
kommerkiavrioς genikovς,
ἀpoqhvkhς Pamfulivaς kai; Pisidivaς, Sunetovς, 161
ἀpoqhvkhς Pamfulivaς kai; Pisidivaς, Nikhvtaς, 161
ἀpoqhvkhς prwvthς kai; deutevraς tῶn Kilikiῶn, Kwnstanti'noς, 182
prwvthς kai; deutevraς tῶn Kilikiῶn, Kwnstanti'noς, 163
Komnhnhv,
Ἄnna, (qugavthr) Ἰwavnnou II Komnhnoῦ, basileuvς, Eijrhvnhς-Piroska,
aὐgouvsta [cf. Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (1)], 26, 32
Qeodwvra [cf. Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (2)], 30
Komnhnikhvς rJivzhς, Branᾶς, Manouhvl, 137
Komnhnovblastoς, Branᾶς, Ἀlevxioς, prwtosebastovς, 137
Komnhnodouvkaς, Palaiolovgoς, Gewvrgioς, 188
231
Komnhnodoukovblastoς, Palaiolovgoς, Gewvrgioς, 142

Komnhnovς, 25, 27
Ἄggeloς, Ἀlevxioς III, basileuvς, 32, 74
Maurozwvmhς, Ἰwavnnhς, 74, 178, 188
Palaiolovgoς, Gewvrgioς, 142
Ἀlevxioς I, basileuvς, 56, 160, 17è, 186
Ἀlevxioς, provedroς, 191
Ἀlevxioς, sebastovς, mevgaς domevstikoς, 56, 187, (cf. Komnhnovς,
Kwnstanti'noς, 190)
Ἀndrovnikoς I, basileuvς, 31
Qeovdwroς, kouropalavthς, dou;x Paflagonivaς, 186
Qeovdwroς, sebastovς, 159
Ἰsaavkioς I, basileu;ς Ῥwmaivwn, 62, 90, 112
Ἰwavnnhς II, basileuvς, 26, 32
Ἰwavnnhς, kouropalavthς, domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn tῆς Duvsewς, 173, 192
Kwnstanti'noς, sebastovς, 190, 191
Manouhvl I, basileuvς, 26-28
Komnhnofuhvς, cf. Komnhnovς Kontostevfanoς, Ἀlevxioς (1, 3), Komnhnovς
Maurozwvmhς, Ἰwavnnhς
konostaῦloς, Ῥikavrdoς, 130
Kontostevfanoς, 25, 27, 141 (?)
Ἰsaavkioς, pansevbastoς, mevgaς dou;x toῦ stovlou, (cf. Kontostevfanoς,
Stevfanoς), 26
Kwnstanti'noς, 147
Stevfanoς, panupersevbastoς, (uiJo;ς) Ἰsaakivou K. [cf. Kontostevfanoς,
Ἀlevxioς (1)], 26, 28
Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, 25
Ἀlevxioς (1), sebastovς (?), douvx Qra/khsivwn, pravktwr Krhvthς, (uiJo;ς
Stefavnou toῦ Kontostefavnou kai; Ἄnnhς tῆς Komnhnῆς), 26-32
Ἀlevxioς (2), (uiJo;ς Ἀndronivkou toῦ Kontostefavnou (1) kai; tῆς
Qeodwvraς Komnhnῆς), 30-32, 177
Ἀlevxioς (3), porfuroblastevggonoς, pansevbastoς sebastovς,
cartoulavrioς, (uiJo;ς Ἀndronivkou toῦ Kontostefavnou (2) kai; Na.
tῆς Doukaivnhς) 31-32
Ἀndrovnikoς (1) [cf. Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (2)], 30
Ἀndrovnikoς (2), mevgaς douvx [cf. Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς
(3)], 31
Ἰwavnnhς, 28
Stevfanoς, 25
Kontwlavdwnoς (?), Gewvrgioς, 40, 55
Kovnwn, 143
patrivkioς, tourmavrchς, strathgo;ς tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn (= Levwn III,
basileuvς), 11
kovrthς,
Sikelivaς, kovmhς, Micahvl, 126
Sikelivaς, kovmhς, Sisinnavkioς, 129
Koskinᾶς, Kwnstanti'noς, 111
Kosmᾶς, 153 (?)
dioikhthvς, 183
232
ejpivskopoς Galivtzhς, 39
ejpi; tῶn dehvsewn Sikelivaς, 126
ὐpatikovς (?), 123
koubikoulavrioς,
Nikhvtaς, 114
cubicularius, Ἀndrevaς, 180
kouboukleivsioς,
Basivleioς, 54, 59
Qeofuvlaktoς, 189
Qwmᾶς, 134
Ἰwavnnhς, 37
Katakalwvn, 135
Stevfanoς, 54, 59
kouravtwr,
Tarsoῦ, Ἑxamilivthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 148
Tarsoῦ, Kalovyucoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 185
Qeovdwroς, 180, 193
kouravtwr (mevgaς),
Mutilhvnhς, Ἰwavnnhς, 55
Levwn (?), 166
Muvrwn, 53
kouropalavthς,
Botaneiavthς, Nikhfovroς, 155
Gimidi'noς, Basivleioς, 36, 57
Dekanovς, Nikhfovroς, 57
Ἑxamilivthς, Qeovdwroς, 150
Komnhnovς, Qeovdwroς, 186
Komnhnovς, Ἰwavnnhς, 173, 192
Cetavmhς, Qeovdwroς, 177
Ἀrtavbasdoς, 183
Levwn, 120
Koursevlioς (?) Fravggoς (?), bevsthς, 115
Kourtivkhς,
Ἰwavnnhς, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, 134
Micahvl, prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς, 134
Kraterovς (?) or Kratevrioς (?), 183
Krenivthς (?), b. prwtospaqavrioς kai; strathgo;ς Strumῶnoς, 146
Krispi'noς, 93, 94
Krhvthς,
qevma, 5
pravktwr, Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (1), 28
krithvς, 2, 154
Aijgaivou Pelavgouς, Baruvς, Micahvl, 152
Aijgaivou Pelavgouς, Xhrovς, Basivleioς, 167
tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, Levwn (?), 166
233
tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, Micahvl, 167, 185

tῶn Ἀrmeniakῶn, Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, cf. krith;ς tῶn Ἀrmenikῶn
qemavtwn, Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, 153
tῶn Ἀrmenikῶn qemavtwn, Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, 153 (cf. krith;ς ejpi;
toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; tῶn Ἀrmenikῶn qemavtwn)
Drougoubiteivaς, 141
Qra/vkhς, Micahvl, 185
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Micahvl, oJ toῦ Eὐqumivou, 175
Kappadokivaς, Oὐranovς, Sumewvn, 151
Kappadokivaς, Micahvl, 149
Kappadokivaς, Pevtroς, cf. ἀshkrῆtiς, krithvς, Pevtroς, 151
Kappadokivaς, Ὑpavtioς, 150
tῶn Kiburraiwtῶn, Qeofuvlaktoς, 175
Makedonivaς, Micahvl, 185
Melithnῆς, Sevrgioς, 162
Paflagonivaς, Ἑxamilivthς, Micahvl, 148
Paflagonivaς, Basivleioς, 167
Seleukeivaς, 140
Seleukeivaς, Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, 148
Seleukeivaς, Ἑxamilivthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 148
Machtavrioς, Basivleioς, 132
Skrivbaς, Basivleioς, 173, 186, 193
Crushvlioς, Qeovdwroς, 185
Ἰwavnnhς, 55
Pevtroς, 151
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou, 153
Ἑxamilivthς, 138, 153
Maῦroς, Basivleioς, 56
Micahvl, 143
Nikovlaoς, 134
Paῦloς, 166
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, Ἑxamilivthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 149
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; tῶn Ἀrmeniakῶn, Ἰwavnnhς, 162, 167
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; tῶn Ἀrmenikῶn qemavtwn, Ἑxamilivthς,
Gewvrgioς, 148, 153 (cf. krithvς)
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; tῶn Boukellarivwn, Baruvς, Micahvl, 152
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Kappadokivaς,
Karabitziwvthς, Eὐquvmioς, 151
Khroulavrioς, Ἰwavnnhς, 150
Nei'loς (?), Ἰwavnnhς, 150
Qeovgnwstoς, 150
Qeovdwroς, 151
Kwnstanti'noς, 150
Micahvl, 151
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ Likandoῦ,
Micahvl, 114
234
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ Ὀyikivou, Ἑxamilivthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 149
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Seleukeivaς,
Kalovyucoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 185
Levwn, 194
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ Carsianoῦ, Ἑxamilivthς, 149
krith;ς toῦ bhvlou,
Ἑxamilivthς, cf. provedroς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou, 137, 153
Ἑxamilivthς, Ἐpifavnioς, 149
Timwnivthς, Cristovforoς, 157
krith;ς toῦ bhvlou kai; tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, Promoundhnovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 195
krith;ς toῦ bhvlou kai; tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Ἑxamilivthς, Sevrgioς, 149, 195
krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Kappadokivaς, Kwnstanti'noς, 150
krithvς Seleukeivaς, Podandoῦ, Tarsoῦ, Gumnovς, Pevtroς, 159
krith;ς Strumovnoς kai; Boleroῦ, Sumewvn, 46, 55
Chroatie, dux, Mastropetrus, 130
Kuzivkou, mhtropolivthς, Ῥwmanovς, 185
Kuvprou, quvthς, Levwn, 143 (?)
Kuriakovς,
Marcayavboς, prwtospaqavrioς, 136
ἀpo; uJpavtwn (?), geniko;ς logoqevthς ἀpoqhvkhς Ἰsaurivaς kai;
Lukaonivaς, 172, 181
kommerkiavrioς Ἀminsoῦ, 143 (?)
b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, ejk proswvpou Meshmbrivaς, 185
Kurikῶn, scolhv, cf. scolh; tῶn Khruvkwn, 141
Kuvrilloς, 108 (cf. Surianovς, 144)
kuvriς Cersῶnoς, Zwviloς, 104
Kurivtzioς, b. pistikovς, 126
Kῦroς, notavrioς, 128
Kwnstanti'noς, 56, 116, 137 (?), 187, 189, 194, [cf. Kontostevfanoς, 141 (?)]
Ἀlwpovς, 40, 57
Ἀrianivthς, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ maglabivou, 164
Gabrᾶς, prwtonwbelivssimoς, 105
Dalasshnovς, Douvkaς, 122
X, Douvkaς, basileuvς, 90, 112, 163
Ἑxamilivthς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς, 148
Qeodwrokavnoς, 135, 186
Qeodwrokavnoς, patrivkioς, 135
Qeodwrokavnoς, ἀnquvpatoς, patrivkioς, 135
Katakalovς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 168
Kataflῶroς, cf. Kwnstanti'noς Kontostevfanoς, 146
Komnhnovς, sebastovς, 190, 191
Kontostevfanoς, 147
Koskinᾶς, 111
Maniavkhς, prwtonwbelissimou>pevrtatoς, 57
IX Monomavcoς, basileuvς, 159, 165
Promoundhnovς, mavgistroς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou kai; tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, 195
235
Ῥadhnovς, 168
Sarwnivthς, 80
Surovpouloς, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, kommerkiavrioς Debeltoῦ, 54
Tarwnivthς, 80
Tarwnivthς (or Sarwnivthς), 79
Tzimpevaς, 178
Triakontavfulloς, cf. Kwnstanti'noς Kontostevfanoς, 146
Ὦpoς, 170
(?) ἀpo; ejpavrcwn (?), geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς prwvthς kai; deutevraς tῶn
Kilikiῶn, 163
(?) ἀpo; ejpavrcwn (?), geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς ἀpoqhvkhς prwvthς kai;
deutevraς tῶn Kilikiῶn, 182
V, basileuvς, 3, 10, 13
VII, basileuvς, 158-160
VIII, basileuvς, 113
bestavrchς, 55
bestivtwr, kovmhς Ἀbuvdou, 117
ejpivskopoς Debeltoῦ, 37, 55, 59
ejpi; tῶn dehvsewn, 126, 173, 193-194
klhrikovς, cartoulavrioς, patriarciko;ς ἔxarcoς tῆς Qra/vkhς or tῶn
Qra/khsivwn, 184
kovmhς (?), 127
metrhthvς, 136
mhtropolivthς Kerkuvraς, 28
II, mhtropolivthς pavshς JRwsivaς, 38, 119
monacovς, 146
oijkevthς, 190
b. ojstiavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 101
I, pavpaς, 5
patrivkioς, cf. Ἀrtavbasdoς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, 192
patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς Sikelivaς, 128
primikhvrioς, b. ojstiavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 101
provedroς, domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, dou;x Ἀntioceivaς, 119
I, provedroς, mhtropolivthς pavshς JRwsivaς, 37-39, 57, 59
prwtonotavrioς (?), 127
prwtonotavrioς, mustolevkthς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou
kai; Kappadokivaς, 150
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ὕpatoς, 195
b. prwtospaqavrioς, cartoulavrioς toῦ stratiwtikoῦ logoqesivou,
b. spaqavrioς, 133
b. spaqavrioς, ἄrcwn Cersῶnoς, 106
b. spaqavrioς, kleisouravrchς Swzopovlewς, 152
b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, kommerkiavrioς Cersῶnoς, 107
strathlavthς, 67
ὕpatoς, 137 (?)
ὕpatoς, prwtostravtwr, 184
cartoulavrioς toῦ stratiwtikoῦ logoqesivou, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ
236
Constantinus, episcopus ecclesiae Cataniae, 173

Kwnstantinoupovlewς,
Nevaς Ῥwvmhς ἀrciepivskopoς, Nikovlaoς, 102
Nevaς Ῥwvmhς ἀrciepivskopoς, Nikovlaoς II, 119, 161
Nevaς Ῥwvmhς ἀrciepivskopoς, Stevfanoς I, 86
Nevaς Ῥwvmhς ἀrciepivskopoς, Stevfanoς II, 85-87
ἀrciepivskopoς, Ἀntwvnioς II, 119
patriavrchς, 64
patriavrchς, Gewvrgioς II Xifili'noς, 195
patriavrchς, Grhgovrioς, 188
patriavrchς, Qeofuvlaktoς, 87
patriavrchς, Kosmᾶς I, 119
patriavrchς, Loukᾶς, 38
patriavrchς, Micah;l I Khroulavrioς, 189
patriavrchς, Micahvl III, 155
patriavrchς, Nei'loς Kerameuvς, 143
patriavrchς, Nikovlaoς, 86-87
patriavrchς, Truvfwn, 87
Kwvnstaς, kai'sar, 97
Lakavpaς, b. monῆς, oijkonovmoς, Pevtroς, 146

Laodikeivaς, mhtropolivthς, Levwn, 118
Lapardᾶς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 187
Larivmwn, ejpivskopoς, Ἰgnavtioς, 185
Lavskariς, Qeovdwroς I, basileuvς, 178
Lacanᾶς, Manouhvl, 34, 57
Lacanodravkwn, Micahvl, strathgo;ς tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 12
Lebounavkhς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 116
Leovntioς, 79, 178 [cf. Ἀswvtioς, 139 (?), Fwvtioς, 137 (?)]
ijllouvstrioς, trakteuth;ς Nhvswn, kovmhς Ἀbuvdou, 117
b. spaqavrioς, dioikhthvς Sikelivaς, 126
Levwn, 43, 54, 57, 137 (?), 153 (?), 166 (?), [cf. Ἀswvthς, 140 (?)]
Ἁgioapostolivthς, prwtospaqavrioς, 44, 56
Ἀkavpnhς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; tῶn oijkeiakῶn, 166
Blavggaς, strathgo;ς, ἀnagrafeu;ς Seleukeivaς, 163
Gabrᾶς, 105
Gabrᾶς, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, cilivarcoς, 105
Ghravrdoς, sebastovς, 157
Dabathnovς or Diabathnovς, bestavrchς, 91
Dabathnovς or Diabathnovς, dou;x Ἐdevsshς, 91
Diabathnovς, bevsthς, katepavnw, 91
Diabathnovς, mavgistroς, douvx, 91
Ἑxamilivthς, 149
Ἑxamilivthς, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 149
Qraskevaς, 175
(?) Ἰtaliwvthς (?), quvthς (= metropolitan) Qettalῶn, 44, 57, 59
Machtavrioς, praipovsitoς, 133
Nikerivthς, bestavrchς, 44, 56
237
Xanqovpouloς, 147
Perhnovς, mavgistroς, dou;x pavshς Duvsewς, 112
(?) ἀnquvpatoς, patrivkioς, 109
ἀrciepivskopoς Kaisareivaς, 64
III, basileuvς, 7, 11 (cf. Kovnwn, 11), 13-14, 160
IV, basileuvς, 8
VI, basileuvς, 2, 86
doῦloς Cristoῦ, 169, 171
drouggavrioς, 112
ἔparcoς, 131
quvthς Kuvprou, 143 (?)
b. kandidᾶtoς, domevstikoς Kiburraiwtῶn, 184
kovmhς, 126
kouropalavthς, logoqevthς toῦ drovmou, 120
mavgistroς, ἀnquvpatoς, patrivkioς, logoqevthς toῦ drovmou, 120
mavgistroς, ἀnquvpatoς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, logoqevthς toῦ ojxevwς
drovmou, 164
mavgistroς, domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn tῆς Duvsewς, 146
mhtropolivthς Laodikeivaς, 118
notavrioς, 128
oijkevthς, 44
ojstiavrioς, b. diaitavrioς, ejpiskeptivthς toῦ Ἱeroῦ, 103
primikhvrioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 101, 107 (?)
prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Seleukeivaς, 194
(?) prwtospaqavrioς, mevgaς kouravtwr, krith;ς tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, 166
b. spaqavrioς, tourmavrchς Gotqivaς, 105
strathgo;ς tῶn jArmeniakῶn, 12
strathgo;ς tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 12
(?) strathgo;ς Mamivstraς (?), cf. Qeovdwroς Machtavrioς (?), stra-
thgovς, 139
ὕpatoς, 123
ὕpatoς, b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, dioikhthvς, 126
cartoulavrioς (?), 143
(?) cartoulavrioς toῦ stratiwtikoῦ logoqesivou, ejk proswvpou tῶn
ἀgelῶn, 136
Likandoῦ (ejpi; toῦ), cf. krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ Likandoῦ
Licinia Eudoxia, augusta, 18
Liutprandus, dux or rex, 113
logoqesivou geniko;ς ἄrklaς, cf. gennhmatᾶς Qessalonivkhς, 141 (?)
logoqesivou stratiwtikoῦ,
cartoulavrioς, Ἰwavnnhς, 150, 158
cartoulavrioς, Kwnstanti'noς, 150, 157
cartoulavrioς, Levwn (?), 136
logoqevthς, (cf. ἀgelῶn, genikovς, drovmou, stratiwtikovς),
basilikovς, Dwrovqeoς, 105
Palaiolovgoς, 142
Loukᾶς,
monacovς, 186
238
Ludivaς, kommevrkia basilikav, 183
Lukaonivaς, geniko;ς logoqevthς ἀpoqhvkhς, Kuriakovς, 172, 181
Luvkoς, Nikhfovroς, 112
Maggavnhς, 191
magglabivou (ejpi; toῦ), 138
Ἀrianivthς, Kwnstanti'noς, 164
Gewvrgioς, 41
Grhgovrioς, 54
Eὐfhmianovς, 166
magister militum, 7, 11
mavgistroς, 92, 102
Dabathnovς, Nikhvtaς, 91
Ἰasivthς, Micahvl, 54
Kekaumevnoς, Katakalwvn, 131
Monasthriwvthς, Ῥwmanovς, 56
Xhrovς, Basivleioς, 167
Perhnovς, Levwn, 112
Promoundhnovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 195
Sarwnivthς, Micahvl, 122
Tarwnivthς, Ἀswvtioς, 139
Fraggovpouloς, Ἐrbevbioς, 90, 93
Ἀpnelgarivphς, 176
Balatzevrthς, 140
Basivleioς, 162
Grhgovrioς, 171
Levwn, 120, 145, 164
Nikhvtaς, 111, 166
Sumewvn, 121
maΐstwr tῶn rJhtovrwn, Pediadivthς, Basivleioς, 63
Makedonivaς,
qevma, 5, 53-55, 58
krithvς, Micahvl, 185
strathgovς, 49, 53-55, 58, (cf. strathgo;ς Makedovnwn, 141)
Makedovnwn, strathgovς, 141
Makedwvnh (?), 178
Makrembolivthς,
Gewvrgioς, cf. Ἰwavnnhς, 138
Ἰwavnnhς, 42, 56
Makrovbioς,
ὕpatoς (?), 182
239
Macrobius, praefectus praetorio Italiae, 145

Malevshς (?), 137
Mavmaloς hJgouvmenoς Baivwn, 125
Mamivstraς (?), strathgovς, Levwn (?), cf. Machtavrioς (?) Qeovdwroς, 140
(b.) mandavtwr,
Gewvrgioς, 125
Dabivd, 40, 53
(?) Qeofavnhς, 129
Stevfanoς, 124
Maniavkhς,
Gewvrgioς, 91, 193
Kwnstanti'noς, prwtonwbelissimou>pevrtatoς, 57
Manikaΐthς, prwtallagavtwr, 159
Manikᾶς (?), Micahvl, patrivkioς, ὕpatoς, 168
Manouhvl,
Branᾶς, rJivzhς Komnhnikhvς, 137
I, Komnhnovς, basileuvς, 26-28
Lacanᾶς, 34, 57
Maurozwvmhς (cf. Maurozwvmhς Komnhnovς, Ἰwavnnhς), 74
ejpivskopoς Smolinivskou, 39
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; tῶn oijkeiakῶn, rJogavtwr, 184
Manouhvlioς (?), prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; tῶn dehvsewn, 184
Mavximoς, prwtospaqavrioς, prwtonotavrioς, 44, 54
Marᾶcaς, Micahvl, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 166
Mariva, 113
Douvkaina, 30
prwtospaqavrissa, 136
Marianovς, 141 (?), 165 (?)
patrivkioς, strathgo;ς tῶn Anatolikῶn, 12
Mari'noς, 66, 124 (Marinus), 165 (?)
Marouvlhς, 147
Marcayavboς,
Ἰwavnnhς, monacovς, suvgkelloς, 186
Kuriakovς, prwtospaqavrioς, 136
Mastropetrus, Venetie Dalmatie Chroatie dux, 130
Mavtzariς, Qeovdwroς, 110
Matravcou, ἄrcwn, Micahvl, 110
Maurivkioς, ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 127
Maurivkioς, b. spaqavrioς, 125
Maurozwvmhς,
Komnhnovς, jIwavnnhς, 74, 178, 188
Manouhvl (cf. Maurozwvmhς Komnhnovς, jIwavnnhς), 74
patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, katepavnw, 118
Mauropovdhς, Samouhvl, cartofuvlax, 133
240
Maῦroς, Basivleioς, provedroς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou, 56

Machtavrioς,
Basivleioς, b. (?) prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, mus-
tolevkthς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ Likandoῦ, 132
Basivleioς, ὕpatoς, krithvς, 132
(?) Qeovdwroς, strathgovς, 140
Levwn, praipovsitoς, ἀrchgevthς tῶn novwn, 133
Micahvl, 133
Micahvl, sebastofovroς, 133
Nikhvtaς, 132
Nikovlaoς, 133
Nikovlaoς, dioikhthvς, 133
Megavlhς Ἐkklhsivaς, ejkklhsevkdikoi (cf. Megavlhς Ἐkklhsivaς, pres-
buvteroi), 158, 188, 190, 195
Megavlhς Ἐkklhsivaς, presbuvteroi (cf. Megavlhς Ἐkklhsivaς, ejkklhs-
evkdikoi), 18, 188, 190, 195
Megalommavthς, Qeovdwroς, 167
Megavloς, 115
mevgaς douvx,
toῦ stovlou, Kontostevfanoς, Ἰsaavkioς, 26
Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀndrovnikoς (2), 31
Mevgaς Loῦloς, 138 (cf. Mounsouvr)
Melisshnovς,
Micahvl, ijllouvstrioς, strathgovς, doῦloς Cristoῦ, 109
(?) Nikhvtaς (?), ἔparcoς, 140
Nikhfovroς, aὐtokravtwr Ῥwmaivwn, 112
Nikhfovroς, despovthς, 144
Nikhfovroς, kai'sar, 156-157
Melithnῆς,
douvx, Cetavmhς, Qeovdwroς, 177
krithvς, Sevrgioς, 162
Merkolivthς, Bavrdaς, bevsthς, 36, 56
Meshmbrivaς,
ejk proswvpou, Kuriakovς, 185
katepavnw, Balatzevrthς, 140
katepavnw, Sumewvn, 161
Metocivthς, Gewvrgioς, 142
metrhthvς, Kwnstanti'noς, 136
mhtropolivthς,
Ἀdavnhς, Ἀbravmioς, 115
Ἀdrianoupovlewς, 51, 55, 57, 59
Ἀdrianoupovlewς, Grhgovrioς (?), 56, 59
Ἀdrianoupovlewς, Eὐstavqioς, 51, 59
Ἀdrianoupovlewς, Panqhvrioς (?), 56, 59
Ἀmaseivaς, Stevfanoς, 86
Durracivou, Eὐstavqioς, 38
Kerkuvraς, Pediadivthς, Basivleioς, 63
Kerkuvraς, Kwnstanti'noς, 28
241
Kuzivkou, Ῥwmanovς, 185

Laodikeivaς, Levwn, 118
pavshς Ῥwsivaς, Klhvmhς, 39
pavshς Ῥwsivaς, Kwnstanti'noς I, 38-39
pavshς Ῥwsivaς, Kwnstanti'noς II, 38, 119
povlewς Katavnhς, Ἀntwvnioς, 189
Savrdewn, Stulianovς, 162
Seleukeivaς, Ἰoulianovς, 87
Serrῶn, Qeovdwroς, 186
Smuvrnhς, Mhtrofavnhς, 156
Plavtwn, 190
Mhtrofavnhς, 174 (?)
mhtropolivthς Smuvrnhς, 156
Micahvl, 34, 109 (?), 110, 137 (?), 153, 182
Ἀmhrᾶς, prwtonwbelivssimoς, 176, 187
Ἀrnhvς, ὕpatoς, bestiarivthς, 45, 54
Aὐlῶnaς, prwtonwbelivssimoς, 57
Baruvς, 152
Baruvς, dikasthvς, 152
Baruvς, kouropalavthς, 152
Baruvς, mavgistroς, 152
Baruvς, mavgistroς, mevgaς cartoulavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou
kai; tῶn Boukellarivwn, 152
Baruvς, provedroς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, koiaivstwr, 152
Baruvς, prwtospaqavrioς, ejxavktwr, krith;ς toῦ Aijgaivou Pelavgouς, 152
Basilikovς, 192
Branᾶς, 155, 160
VII, Douvkaς, basileuvς, 113, 176, 185
Ἑxamilivthς, 148
Ἑxamilivthς, kevnswr, krithvς Paflagonivaς, 148
Ἰasivthς, mavgistroς, dou;x Ἀntioceivaς, 54
I, Khroulavrioς, patriavrchς Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 189
Kolwneiavthς (?), provedroς, 164
Kourtivkhς, prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς, 134
Lacanodravkwn, strathgo;ς tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 12
Manikᾶς (?), patrivkioς, ὕpatoς, 168
Maracᾶς, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 166
Machtavrioς, 133
Machtavrioς, sebastofovroς, 133
Melisshnovς, ijllouvstrioς, strathgovς, doῦloς Cristoῦ, 109
Nikerivthς, cf. Nikhvtaς, 186
Xhrovς (?), patrivkioς, 55
Sarwnivthς, mavgistroς, dou;x pavshς Duvsewς, 122
Sponduvlhς, spaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, ἀshkrῆtiς, 186
VI, Stratiwtiko;ς Brivggaς, basileuvς, 90
Strufnovς, sebastovς, 188
Filokavlhς, 147
ἄrcwn Boulgarivaς, 159
242
[Oleg Svjatoslavic (?)] ἄrcwn Matravcou, Zicivaς kai; pavshς Caza-

rivaς, 110
ἀshkrῆtiς, 174
ἀshkrῆtiς, b. notavrioς toῦ eijdikoῦ lovgou, krithvς Kappadokivaς, 150
II, basileuvς, 174
bevsthς, mavgistroς, krith;ς tῶn Qra/khsivwn oJ toῦ Eὐqumivou, 175
ejpivskopoς Ἀpameivaς, 164
ejpivskopoς Filivppwn, 190
ejpivskopoς Carioupovlewς (?), 159
hJgouvmenoς (?), 181
kommerkiavrioς Tuvrou, 114
krith;ς tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, 167, 185
monacovς, 174
III, patriavrchς Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 155
patrivkioς, mevgaς cartoulavrioς toῦ stratiwtikoῦ, 185
patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς Qessalonivkhς, 103
patrivkioς, cartoulavrioς toῦ genikoῦ logoqesivou, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ
provedroς (?), bestavrchς (?), cartoulavrioς toῦ drovmou Car-
sianoῦ, 138, 153
prwtevkdikoς, 38
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 184
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 101
prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou, prwtonotavrioς (?)
Kiburraiwtῶn or toῦ Murelaivou, 143
b. prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς Qra/vkhς kai; Makedonivaς, 185
b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς Seleukeivaς, 156, 185
sebastovς, cf. Nikovlaoς (?) sebastovς, 189
b. spaqavrioς, kovmhς tῆς kovrthς Sikelivaς, 127
spaqarokandidᾶtoς, ἀshkrῆtiς, krith;ς Kappadokivaς, 149
spaqarokandidᾶtoς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; toῦ Likandoῦ, 114
cartoulavrioς drovmou kai; Carsianoῦ, cf. Micahvl, provedroς (?),
bestavrchς (?), cartoulavrioς toῦ drovmou Carsianoῦ, 137, 153
Movdestoς presbuvteroς, 179
Monasthriwvthς, Ῥwmanovς, mavgistroς, 56
monachv, Xevnh, 48, 56, 59
monacovς, 140 (?)
Marcayavboς, Ἰwavnnhς, 186
eὐtelhvς, Basivleioς, 147
tapeinovς, Ἀqanavsioς, 131
Ἀlevxioς, 185
Ἐfraivm, 185, 193
Qeovktistoς, 55, 59
Qwmᾶς, 134, 146
Kwnstanti'noς, 146
Loukᾶς, 186
Micahvl, 174
Nikhvtaς, 175
243

Pevtroς, 145
monῆς,
tῆς Qeoskepavstou, 131
toῦ Kallivou, 119
Lakavpaς, oijkonovmoς, Pevtroς, 146
tῶn Sofrwvnhς patrikivwn tῶn Culinitῶn, 140
tῶn sofrwvnwn patrikivwn tῶn kallinivkwn, cf. monῆς tῶn Sofrwvnhς
patrikivwn tῶn Culinitῶn, 140
kaqhgevthς, 139, 154
monhtavrioς Sikelivaς, 144
Monomavcoς,
Kwnstanti'noς IX, basileuvς, 159, 165
Paῦloς, patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 102
monostravthgoς, Ἡravkleioς, 10
Mounsouvr, uiJo;ς toῦ Megavlou Louvlou, 138
Mousevlhς, Gewvrgioς, prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς Sougdaivaς, 109
Moushvlioς, ἀshkrῆtiς, 180
Moucouvmet, bestavrchς, 56
Murelaivou (?), prwtonotavrioς (?), Micahvl, 143
Muvrwn, 147
b. prwtospaqavrioς, mevgaς kouravtwr, 53
mustogravfoς, Nei'loς (?), Ἰwavnnhς, 150
mustolevkthς,
Kwnstanti'noς, 150
Mutilhvnhς, 56
dioikhthvς, Dhmhvtrioς, 103
mevgaς kouravtwr, Ἰwavnnhς, 55
Mwrocarzavnhς, Eὐdovkimoς, 40, 55-57
Mwvsiς, Eὐlovgioς, 45, 57, 176
Nevaς Ῥwvmhς Kwnstantinoupovlewς,

ἀrciepivskopoς, Nikovlaoς, 102
ἀrciepivskopoς, Nikovlaoς II, 119, 161
ἀrciepivskopoς, Stevfanoς I, 86
ἀrciepivskopoς, Stevfanoς II, 85-87
Nei'loς Kerameuvς, patriavrchς Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 143
Nei'loς (?), Ἰwavnnhς, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, mustogravfoς,
krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou kai; Kappadokivaς, 150
Neokaisareivaς, cf. Ἰasivthς (?), 138
Neovfutoς, ejpivskopoς Nobogravdou, 39
Nestovggoς (?), 138
Nhvswn, trakteuthvς, Leovntioς, 117
Nikaivaς, tourmavrchς tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, 11
Nikerivthς,
244
Levwn, bestavrchς, 44, 56

Micahvl, cf. Nikhvtaς, 186
Nikhvtaς, 109, 186, [cf. Komitᾶς, 137 (?)]
Dabathnovς, mavgistroς, katepavnw, 91
(?) Dalasshnovς (?), ἔparcoς, 140
Machtavrioς, 133
(?) Melisshnovς (?), ἔparcoς, 139
Sevleukoς, 56
ἀnquvpatoς, patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 100
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς ἀpoqhvkhς Pamfulivaς kai;
Pisidivaς, 161 (cf. Sunetovς)
ἔparcoς povlewς, cf. Nikhvtaς (?) Dalasshnovς or Melisshnovς,
ἔparcoς, 139
ejpivskopoς Ὑpaivpwn, 187
koubikoulavrioς, 114
mavgistroς, 111
mavgistroς, drouggavrioς toῦ b. ploΐmou, katepavnw tῶn ploΐmwn, 166
monacovς, suvgkelloς, 175
notavrioς, 128
patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 100, 102
praipovsitoς, 183
provedroς, prwtobestiavrioς, domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, 192
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, cartoulavrioς toῦ
drovmou, 121
(?) b. prwtospaqavrioς, ὕpatoς, 50, 54
ὕpatoς, drouggavrioς, 113
Nikhfovroς, 109 (?), 131 [cf. Ἰwshvf, 138 (?)]
Ἀtouvmhς, sebastovς, 142
III, Botaneiavthς, basileuvς, 130, 159, 176
Botaneiavthς, kouropalavthς, 155
Botaneiavthς, prwtoprovedroς, dou;x Peloponnhvsou kai; Ἑllavdoς, 186
Bouvrtzhς, bestavrchς, 187
Gabrᾶς, 105
Dekanovς, kouropalavthς, ἀnagrafeu;ς Nivsou, 57
Douvkaς, sebastovς, 177
Qeodwrokavnoς, patrivkioς, strathgovς, 185
Karavmalloς, patrivkioς, 164
Luvkoς, 112
Melisshnovς, aὐtokravtwr Ῥwmaivwn, 112
Melisshnovς, despovthς, 144
Melisshnovς, kai'sar, 156-157
ejk proswvpou Ῥhgivou, 132
ejpivskopoς Sbivdhς, 168
b. kandidᾶtoς, ἔkdikoς Cersῶnoς, 104
prwtokunhgovς (?), 155
strathgo;ς tῆς Qra/vkhς, 7
Nikovlaoς, 110, 116, 131, 164, 187
Ἑxamilivthς, 150
(?) Kallivnikoς, patrivkioς, 45, 54
Kalovyucoς, ejxavktwr, 145
Katakalwvn, 167
Machtavrioς, 133
245
Machtavrioς, dioikhthvς, 133

Sunevsioς, prwtoprovedroς, 56
ἀrciepivskopoς Kwnstantinoupovlewς Nevaς Ῥwvmhς, 102
II, ἀrciepivskopoς Kwnstantinoupovlewς Nevaς Ῥwvmhς, 119, 161
grafeu;ς ejk tῆς Ἀbuvdou, 80
(?) ἔparcoς povlewς, 131
mavgistroς, ἀnquvpatoς, patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς
logoqevthς, 101, 107
monacovς, 115
monacovς, ejpivskopoς Proΐnwn, 187 (?)
patriavrchς Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 86-87
(?) patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς tῶn Boukellarivwn, 165
(?) sebastovς, 189
b. spaqavrioς, 108 (?)
b. spaqavrioς, dioikhthvς, Bavnaς (?), 139
b. spaqavrioς, strathgo;ς tῶn Qra/khsivwn (?), 173, 192
ὕpatoς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou, suvmponoς, 134
Nikopovlewς, ἀrciepivskopoς, Ἀnastavsioς, 131
Nivsou, ἀnagrafeuvς, Dekanovς, Nikhfovroς, 57
Nobogravdou,
ejpivskopoς, Ἀrkavdioς, 39
ejpivskopoς, Neovfutoς, 39
Nomopoivdatoς (?),Ἰwavnnhς, 111
(b.) notavrioς, 128 [cf. prwtonotavrioς (?) Kiburraiwtῶn or Murelaivou, 143]
toῦ eijdikoῦ lovgou, Micahvl, 150
Ἀbouvkhr (?), 138
Calkouvtzhς, Basivleioς, 54
Ἀlevxandroς, 127
Ἀnastavsioς, 171
Basivleioς, 108
Eὐfhvmioς, 127
Qeofuvlaktoς, 127
Kῦroς, 128
Levwn, 128
Nikhvtaς, 128
Pantolevwn (?), 128
Sisivnnioς, 189
notarius,
Anastasius, 127
Georgius, 180
Nuvsshς,
ejpivskopoς, 172
provedroς, Ἰwavnnhς, 176
Xanqovpouloς, Levwn, 147

Xevnh, monachv, prwtobestiavrissa, 48, 56, 59
Xhrovς, [cf. Cavrwn (?), 140]
Basivleioς, mavgistroς, krith;ς toῦ Aijgaivou Pelavgouς, 167
(?) Micahvl, patrivkioς, 55
Xifili'noς, 1’À (?)
246
Gewvrgioς II, patriavrchς Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 195

Xulinitῶn, 154
Ὀbodianovς, ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 179

Ὀgkevatoς, ὕpatoς, 183
oijkeiakῶn (ejpi; tῶn), (cf. ejpi; toῦ maglabivou, 138)
ἀntiproswpῶn toῦ sekrevtou, Tzirivqwn, Basivleioς, 168
Ἀkavpnhς, Levwn, 166
Eὐstavqioς, 166
Manouhvl, 184
Sumewvn, 46, 55
oijkevthς,
Batavtzhς Douvkaς, Ἰwshvf, 146
Grhgovrioς, 155
Kwnstanti'noς, 190
Levwn, 43, 44
Muvrwn, 147
oijkistikovς,
Qeovdwroς, 123
oijkonovmoς tῆς b. monῆς Lakavpaς, Pevtroς, 146
oijkonovmoς tῆς Nevaς,
Basivleioς, 36
Ὄlbioς, ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 172
Ὀluvmpioς, 179
Ὀlumpivou (?), cf. Ἀlupivou (?), 154
Ὀmavlhς (?), 142
Ὁnwvrioς,
basileuvς, 19
(b.) ojstiavrioς,
Qeovgnwstoς, 150
Kwnstanti'noς, 101
Levwn, 103
Stevfanoς, 174, 178
Oὐmarazovthς (?), provedroς, logoqevthς tῶn ἀgelῶn,
Oὐranovς, Sumewvn, bestavrchς, kevnswr, krithvς Kappadokivaς, 151
Ὀyikivou, 4, 6, 12-13, 140
kovmhς, Ἀrtavbasdoς, 183, 192, 194
kovmhς, Qeovdwroς, 7
krithvς, Ἑxamilivthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 149 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
strathgo;ς qeofulavktou b., 140
Opsicion basilicon, 124
Pavgkaloς (?), drouggavrioς, 193, 194

Pakatianῆς,
topothrhthvς, 12
Pakourianovς,
Ἀpavsioς, 148
Ἀpavsioς, mavgistroς, 147
247
Ἀspievthς, 34, 57, 144

Grhgovrioς, 147
Grhgovrioς, sebastovς, douvx, 144
Tatouvlhς, prwtonwbelivssimoς, ἄrcwn tῶn ἀrcovntwn, 144
Palaiologivna, Douvkaina, Qeodwvra, aὐgouvsta, 131, 167
Palaiolovgoς,
Komnhnodouvkaς, Gewvrgioς, 188
Komnhnovς, Gewvrgioς, 142
Ἀndrovnikoς II, basileuvς, 131, 155 (?), 158 (?), 160 (?), 161 (?)
Ἀndrovnikoς IV, basileuvς, 143
Gewvrgioς, Komnhnodoukovblastoς, 142
Gewvrgioς, sebastovς, 157, 177, 190
logoqevthς, 142
Pamfulivaς,
ἀpoqhvkhς, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς, Nikhvtaς, 161
ἀpoqhvkhς, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς, Sunetovς, 161
Panqhvrioς,
(?) mhtropolivthς Ἀdrianoupovlewς, 56, 59
patrivkioς, strathgovς Sikelivaς, 128, 169
Panormi episcopus, Theodorus, 124
pansevbastoς sebastovς, Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς, (3), 32
Panteugenovς, Swthvricoς, 27
Pantecnhvς, Ἰwavnnhς, cartofuvlax, 39
Pantolevwn, 138 (?), 153 (?)
kovmhς, 179 (?)
(?) notavrioς, 127
ὕpatoς, prwtonotavrioς toῦ drovmou, 121
cartoulavrioς, 179
panupersevbastoς, Kontostevfanoς, Stevfanoς, 26, 28
pavpaς, Kwnstanti'noς I, 5
Papikivou, prῶtoς, 50, 55, 59
Paradounabivtwn, 58
katepavnw, Phgwnivthς, Qeovdwroς, 191
paraqalassivthς,∆Hlivaς, 133
parafuvlax,
Ἀbuvdou, Qeovktistoς, 118
Ἀbuvdou, Qeofavnhς, 118
Pavrdoς, 140
path;r povlewς Cersῶnoς, Sevrgioς, 104
patriarcha antiocenus, Aimericus, 115, 156
patriavrchς,
Ἱerosoluvmwn, 38
Ἱerosoluvmwn, Ἰwavnnhς VIII, 177
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, 64
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Gewvrgioς II Xifili'noς, 195
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Grhgovrioς, 188
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Qeofuvlaktoς, 87
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Kosmᾶς I, 119
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Loukᾶς, 38
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Micahvl I Khroulavrioς, 189
248
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Micahvl III, 155

Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Nei'loς Kerameuvς, 143
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Nikovlaoς, 86-87
Kwnstantinoupovlewς, Truvfwn, 87
patriarciko;ς ἔxarcoς, 143
tῆς Qra/vkhς or tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Kwnstanti'noς, 184
patrivkioς, 5-6, 10-11, 92, 100, 106, 138 (?), 162
Ἁgiozacarivthς, Qeofuvlaktoς, 164
Qeodwrokavnoς, 159
Qeodwrokavnoς, Kwnstanti'noς, 134
Qeodwrokavnoς, Nikhfovroς, 185
Kallivnikoς, Nikovlaoς (?), 45, 54
Khroulavrioς, Ἰwavnnhς, 150
Karavmalloς, Nikhfovroς, 164
Manikᾶς (?), Micahvl, 168
Maurokatakalwvn, Grhgovrioς, 118
Xhrovς (?), Micahvl, 55
Pentaktevnhς, Ἐpifavnioς, 131
Povqoς, Ἀrgurovς, 114
Coirosfavkthς, Gewvrgioς, 40, 56
Ἄnqhς, 143
Ἀpelavthς, 5
Ἀrsabhvr, 6
Ἀrtavbasdoς, 183
Ἀswvtioς, 139
Bardavnhς Toῦrkoς, 184
Bavrdaς, 156, 180
Bhshvr, 167-168, 183
Gewvrgioς, 73, 99, 165, 170
Goulhevlmoς, 129
Grhgovrioς, 128
Dabivd, 128
(?) Dhmhvtrioς, 175
Dwrovqeoς, 105
Ἐlissai'oς, 102
Ἡravkleioς, 10, 182, 193
Qeovdwroς, 7, 130, 183
Qeovktistoς, 120
Qeovfiloς, 5
Qwmᾶς, 120, 157
Ἰwavnnhς, 99-100, 109 (?), 123, 147, 164, 182, 183 (?), 184
Kovnwn, 11
Kosmᾶς, 123
Kwnstanti'noς, 101, 128, (cf. b. prwtospaqavrioς, Ἀrtavbasdoς, 192)
Levwn, 109 (?), 120
(?) Makrovbioς, 182
Marianovς, 12
Micahvl, 103, 151, 185
249
Nikhvtaς, 100, 102

Nikovlaoς, 101, 107, 165 (?)
Panqhvrioς, 128, 169
Paῦloς, 130, 186
Pevtroς, 169, 180
Salbevntioς, 7
Sevrgioς, 129, 130
Sisivnnioς, 46, 53, 183
Stevfanoς, 124
Swthvricoς (?), 46, 54
Tatianovς, 165, 171, 182, 193
Filippikovς, 119
Cosrovbioς, 139 (cf. Ἀswvthς)
Patrivkioς (?), Dhmhvtrioς, 175
Patrovfiloς, ejpivskopoς Faustinoupovlewς, 72
Paῦloς, 116 (?), 131, 137, 180
Monomavcoς, patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 102
ἔparcoς, 181
kommerkiavrioς, 69
patrivkioς, 186
patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgovς Sikelivaς, 130
provedroς, katepavnw jEdevsshς, 94
prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou,
stratiwtiko;ς logoqevthς, 166
Paflagonivaς, [cf. Pelagoniva (?), 137]
douvx, Komnhnovς, Qeovdwroς, 186
krithvς, Ἑxamilivthς, Micahvl, 148
krithvς, Basivleioς, 167
topothrhthvς, cf. krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἰppodrovmou, 153
Pacuvς, Ἀnastavsioς, 175
Pediadivthς,
Basivleioς, 62
Basivleioς, diavkonoς, maΐstwr tῶn rJhtovrwn, mhtropolivthς Kerkuvraς, 63
Basivleioς, katepavnw Ἀntioceivaς, katepavnw Sikelivaς, 63
Pediavsimoς, Eὐmovrfioς, prwtospaqavrioς, tagmatofuvlax, strathgovς, 109
Pelavgioς (?), 116
Pelagoniva (?), 137
Peloponnhvsou, 4
douvx, Botaneiavthς, Nikhfovroς, 186
qevma, 5
penqera; toῦ basilevwς, Qeoktivsth, 132
Pentaktevnhς, Ἐpifavnioς, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, 131
Pepagwmevnoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 42, 57
Perhnovς, Levwn, mavgistroς, dou;x pavshς Duvsewς, 112
Persqlabivtzaς, strathgovς, Ἀevtioς, 35, 54
Pevtroς, 189
Gumnovς, ἀshkrῆtiς, krithvς Seleukeivaς, Podandoῦ, Tarsoῦ, 159
ἀpo; ὐpavtwn, patrivkioς, 180
despotikovς, cartoulavrioς, 180
250
ἔparcoς, 190
monacovς, oijkonovmoς tῆς b. monῆς Lakavpaς, 146
patrivkioς, ἄnqrwpoς basilevwς, 169
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ἀshkrῆtiς, krithvς, 151
b. prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς Kappadokivaς, cf. Pevtroς, b.
prwtospaqavrioς, ἀshkrῆtiς, krithvς, 151
b. spaqavrioς, ἄrcwn Drougoubitῶn, 153
uiJo;ς Qeodwvrou, 181 (?)
Pevtrou, uiJo;ς, Qeovdwroς, 181 (?)
Petrus, 188
Petrwnᾶς, Kamathrovς (?), prwtospaqavrioς (?), strathgo;ς tῶn Klimavtwn
(?), 108
Phgwnivthς, Qeovdwroς, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, bevsthς, katepavnw tῶn Para-
dounabivtwn, 191
Pisidivaς,
ἀpoqhvkhς, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς, Nikhvtaς, 161
ἀpoqhvkhς, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς, Sunetovς, 161
b. pistikovς, Kurivtzioς, 126
pistoῦ poimnivou, proedreuvwn, Eὐgevnioς, 63-64
Plagiwvthς,
Ἰwavnnhς, ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 165, 180, 193
Ἰwavnnhς, ijllouvstrioς 180
Plavkidoς (?), 123
Plavtwn, mhtropolivthς, 190
Platon, praetor, 145
b. ploΐmou, drouggavrioς, Nikhvtaς, 166
tῶn ploΐmwn, katepavnw, Nikhvtaς, 166
Plouti'noς, kovmhς tῶn ἀgelῶn, 127
Podandoῦ, krithvς, Gumnovς, Pevtroς, 159 (cf. Seleukeivaς krithvς, Tarsoῦ krithvς)
Povqoς, Ἀrgurovς, patrivkioς, 114
poimhvn, 50, 55, 59
povlewς,
ἔparcoς (cf. ἀnnwnevparcoς, ἔparcoς tῶn praitwrivwn, 140)
ἔparcoς, Ἀkuli'noς (?), 131
ἔparcoς, Nikhvtaς, cf. Dalasshnovς or Melisshnovς, Nikhvtaς (?),
ἔparcoς, 139
ἔparcoς, Nikovlaoς (?), 131
Bavnhς Baasprakanivaς, ἀrciepivskopoς, 138 (?)
Katavnhς, mhtropolivthς, Ἀntwvnioς, 189
Cersῶnoς, pathvr, Sevrgioς, 104
Poluvς, 46
Stevfanoς, 46, 56
porfuroblastevggonoς,
Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς (3), Ἀlevxioς, 31
praefectus praetorio Italiae, Macrobius, 145
praetor, Platon, 145
praipovsitoς,
251
Machtavrioς, Levwn, 133

Qwmᾶς, 120, 157
Nikhvtaς, 183
pravktwr Krhvthς, Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (1), 28
presbuvteroς, 50, 55, 59
tῆς Megavlhς Ἐkklhsivaς (cf. ejkklhsevkdikoi tῆς Megavlhς
Ἐkklhsivaς), 188, 190, 195
Movdestoς, 179
presbyter, Adeodatus, 124
praitwrivwn, ἔparcoς, 140
(b.) primikhvrioς, (cf. ἀshkrῆtiς, 141, 154)
Gomostovς, Basivleioς, 184
Bavrdaς, 136
(?) Ἰwavnnhς, 109
Kwnstanti'noς, 101
Levwn, 101, 107 (?)
Cristovforoς, 121
primiskrivnioς, Theodoros, 180
Probavtioς (?), 191
proedreuvwn pistoῦ poimnivou, Eὐgevnioς, 63-64
provedroς, 64, 110
Nuvsshς, Ἰwavnnhς, 176
Ῥwsivaς, Kwnstanti'noς I, 37-39, 57, 59
Ἀpokavphς, Basivleioς, 113
Ἑxamilivthς, 138, 149, 153
Kalokerivthς (?), Ἰwavnnhς, 170-171
Kolwneiavthς (?), Micahvl, 164
Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς, 191
Maῦroς, Basivleioς, 56
Tarcaneiwvthς Ἰwshvf, 129
Filavgrhς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 42
Fraggovpouloς, Ἐrbevbioς, 92-93, 176
Qeovdwroς, 110
Ἰwavnnhς, 42, 56
Kwnstanti'noς, 119
(?) Micahvl, 137, 153
Nikhvtaς, 192
Oὐmarazovthς (?), 173
Paῦloς, 94
Tornivkioς, 65, 167
Prokovpioς, 135
Procopius, augustus, 163
Proΐnwn, ejpivskopoς, Nikovlaoς, 187 (?)
Promoundhnovς, Kwnstanti'noς, mavgistroς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou kai; tῶn
Ἀnatolikῶn, 195
prwtallagavtwr, Manikaΐthς, 159
Prwteuvwn, Ἰwavnnhς, strathgo;ς Ἑllavdoς, 103
prwtoashkrῆtiς, Ἰwavnnhς, 121
prwtobestavrchς, Qeofuvlaktoς, 175
252
prwtobestiavrissa, Xevnh, 48, 56, 59

prwtobestiavrioς,
Aὐgousti'noς, cf. prwtobestivtwr, Aὐgousti'noς, 165
Nikhvtaς, 192
prwtobestivtwr, Aὐgousti'noς, 165
prwtovqronoς, Kaisareivaς, Eὐgevnioς, 64
prwtokagkellavrioς, cf. mevgaς kagkellavrioς (?), 154
prwtokouropalavthς, Bracavmioς, Filavretoς, 186
prwtokunhgovς (?), Nikhfovroς, 155
prwtonotavrioς,
toῦ drovmou, 121
toῦ drovmou, Ἰwavnnhς, 121
toῦ drovmou, Pantolevwn, 121
tῶn Qra/khsiavnwn, 6
Qra/khsivwn, Aijmilianovς, 184
(?) Kiburraiwtῶn (?), Micahvl, 143
(?) Murelaivou (?), Micahvl, 143
strathgoῦ Qra/khsivwn, Ἀnastavsioς, 2
Qeofavnhς, 127
Kwnstanti'noς, 127 (?), 150, 157
Mavximoς, 44, 54
prwtonwbelivssimoς,
Ἀmhrᾶς, Micahvl, 176, 187
Aὐlῶnaς, Micahvl, 57
Gabrᾶς, Kwnstanti'noς, 105
Pakourianovς, Tatouvlhς, 144
Filavretoς, Ῥwmanovς, 187
prwtonwbelissimou>pevrtatoς, Maniavkhς, Kwnstanti'noς, 57
prwtopapavς, 141
prwtopapivaς, cf. prwtopapavς, 141
prwtoprovedroς, 134
Botaneiavthς, Nikhfovroς, 186
Dobromhrovς, Qeovdwroς, 47, 57
Douvkaς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 93
Sunevsioς, Nikovlaoς, 56
(?) Bavrdaς, 148
prῶtoς toῦ Papikivou, 50, 55, 59
prwtosebastovς, Branᾶς, Ἀlevxioς, Komnhnovblastoς, 137
(b.) prwtospaqavrioς, 6, 49, 49, 50, 53, 54, 100, 102, 132, 162, 169
Ἁgioapostolivthς, Levwn, 44, 56
Ἀkavpnhς, Levwn, 166
Ἀntiocivthς, 35, 55
Ἀntiocivthς, Cristovdouloς, 114
Ἀrianivthς, Kwnstanti'noς, 164
Ἀtricinwpovdhς (?), Basivleioς, 185
Bebaptismevnoς, Qeovdwroς, 157
Gomostovς, Basivleioς, 184
253

Ἑxamilivthς, Kwnstanti'noς, 148
Ἑxamilivthς, Sisivnnioς, 148
(?) Eὐforbhnovς, Stevfanoς, 155
Kalovyucoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 185
(?) Kamathrovς (?), Petrwnᾶς, 108
Kasshterᾶς, Qeovdwroς, 34, 54
Katakalovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 168
Kourtivkhς, Micahvl, 134
Krenivthς (?) or Kriskevntioς (?), 146
Maracᾶς, Micahvl, 166
Marcayavboς, Kuriakovς, 136
Mousevlhς, Gewvrgioς, 109
Pediavsimoς, Eὐmovrfioς, 109
Tzamandhnovς, Basivleioς, 185
Tricinwpovdhς (?), Basivleioς, 185
Ἀarwvn, 62
Ἀevtioς, 35, 54
Ἀpelavthς, 5
Ἀrtavbasdoς, 192-194
Ἀswvthς, 138
Bardavnhς Toῦrkoς, 184
Basivleioς, 100, 167
Gewvrgioς, 41, 113, 172
Grhgovrioς, 54, 108
Dabivd, 128, 139
Ἐlissai'oς, 102
Ἐpifavnioς, 99
Eὐstavqioς, 166
∆Hlivaς, 133, 185
Qeovgnwstoς, 47, 54, 130
Qeovdotoς, 128
Qeodwvrhtoς, 158
Qeovdwroς, 100, 107, 113, 115
Qeofavnhς, 126, 182
Qwmᾶς, 120, 157, 185
Ἰwavnnhς, 100, 104, 107-109, 121, 151, 158, 162, 167, 172, 184, 192, 193-194
Kwnstanti'noς, 128, 157, 185, 195
Levwn, 101-102, 107 (?), 164, 166 (?), 194
Manouhvl, 184
Manouhvlioς (?), 184
Mavximoς, 44, 54
Micahvl, 101, 103, 115, 143, 156, 185
Muvrwn, 53
Nikhvtaς, 50 (?), 54 (?), 100, 102, 121
Nikovlaoς, 101, 107, 165 (?)
Paῦloς, 130, 166
254
Pevtroς, 151
Ῥwmanovς, 168
Sevrgioς, 162
Sisivnnioς, 46, 53
Stauravkioς (?), cf. Kwnstanti'noς ὕpatoς, 137 (?)
Stevfanoς, 46, 54
Sumewvn, 46, 55, 166
(?) Tornivkioς, 114
Filovqeoς, 99
Fwteinovς, 163
Fwvtioς, 119
prwtospaqavrissa, Mariva, 136
prwtostravtwr,
Grhgovrioς, 125
Ἰwavnnhς, 184
Kwnstanti'noς, 183
Stevfanoς, 164
Ravenna, 4
Ῥadhnovς, 45 (?), 55 (?),
Grhgovrioς, 136
Kwnstanti'noς, 168
Ῥaidestoῦ, basilikovς, Dabivd, 139
rJaivktwr, Basivleioς, 36, 53, 59
Raimundus, comes tripolitanus, 156
rJeferendavrioς,
Qeovdwroς, 180
Qeofuvlaktoς, 189
Ῥhgivou, ejk proswvpou, Nikhfovroς, 132
rJhvx tῶn Oὕggrwn,
Bladivsqlaboς II, 27
Gei>tzᾶς II, 27
Stevfanoς III, 27-28
Stevfanoς IV, 27-28
rex (?), Liutprandus, 113
Ῥikavrdoς, konostaῦloς, 130
rJogavtwr, Manouhvl, 184
Ῥogevrioς, Ἀndrovnikoς, sebastovς, 160
Ῥostovmioς (?), 179
Ῥoῦsoς, cf. Boῦsoς (?), 141
Roussel of Bailleul, 93
Ῥwmaivwn,
aὐtokravtwr, Melisshnovς, Nikhfovroς, 112
basileuvς, Komnhnovς, Ἰsaavkioς I, 112
basileuvς, Eὐfhvmioς, 132
Ῥwmanovς, 111 (?), 165 [?, cf. Marianovς, 165 (?), Mari'noς, 165 (?)], 179
IV, Diogevnhς, basileuvς, 94, 113, 176, 185
Monasthriwvthς, mavgistroς, 56
Filavretoς, prwtonwbelivssimoς, 187
255
I, basileuvς, 158, 160, 165

ejpivskopoς Ἀlabavndwn, 186
mhtropolivthς Kuzivkou, suvgkelloς, 185
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; tῆς megavlhς eJtaireivaς, 168
Ῥwsivaς,
ἄrcwn, Dabivd, 110
provedroς, Kwnstanti'noς I, 37-38, 57, 59
mhtropolivthς pavshς, Klhvmhς, 39
mhtropolivthς pavshς, Kwnstanti'noς I, 38-39
mhtropolivthς pavshς, Kwnstanti'noς II, 38, 119
Sagovpouloς (?), 138

sakellavrioς, Ἰwavnnhς, 172, 184, 193-194
Salbevntioς, patrivkioς, strathgo;ς Sikelivaς, 7
Salibᾶς (?) or Salouvkhς (?), 153
Saloutarivaς, kommevrkia basilikav, 183
Samouhvl,
Ἀlousiavnoς, bestavrchς, dou;x Ἐdevsshς, 151
Ἀlousiavnoς, bestavrchς, strathgovς, 151
Ἀlousiavnoς, provedroς, douvx, 151
Mauropovdhς, cartofuvlax, 133
Samouvc, 90
Savrdewn,
ejpivskopoς, Eὐquvmioς, 64
mhtropolivthς, Stulianovς, 162
Sarwnivthς (cf. Tarwnivthς),
Kwnstanti'noς, 79
Kwnstanti'noς, 80
Micahvl, mavgistroς, dou;x pavshς Duvsewς, 122
Sbivdhς, ejpivskopoς, Nikhfovroς, 168
Sebavsteia, 153
sebasthv, Douvkaina, Ἄnna, 35, 57
sebastokravtwr, Ἰwavnnhς, 142
sebastovς,
Ἀtouvmhς, Nikhfovroς, 142
Batavtzhς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 177
Batavtzhς, Basivleioς, 177
Bracavmioς, Filavretoς, 187
Gabrᾶς, Qeovdwroς, 106
Ghravrdoς, Levwn, 157
Glabᾶς, Gewvrgioς, 130
Douvkaς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 33, 57
Douvkaς, Kamathrovblastoς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 142, 168
Douvkaς, Nikhfovroς, 177
Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς, 56, 187 (cf. Komnhnovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 190)
Komnhnovς, Qeovdwroς, 159
Komnhnovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 189, 190, 191
(?) Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς (1), 30
Pakourianovς, Grhgovrioς, 144
Palaiolovgoς, Gewvrgioς, 157, 177, 190
Ῥogevrioς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 160
256
Strufnovς, Micahvl, 188

Basivleioς, 113
Micahvl, cf. sebastovς Nikovlaoς (?), 189
Nikovlaoς (?), 189
Sebastouvpoliς, cf. Sebavsteia, 153
sebastofovroς, Machtavrioς, Micahvl, 133
sekrevtou tῶn oijkeiakῶn, ἀntiproswpῶn, Tzirivqwn, Basivleioς, 168
Seleukeivaς,
ἀnagrafeuvς, Blavggaς, Levwn, 163
kleisouravrchς, Eὐstavqioς, 162, 166
krithvς, 140
krithvς, Gumnovς, Pevtroς, 159 (cf. Podandoῦ krithvς, Tarsoῦ krithvς)
krithvς, Ἑxamilivthς, Gewvrgioς, 148
krithvς, Kalovyucoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 185 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
krithvς, Levwn, 194 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
mhtropolivthς, Ἰoulianovς, 87
strathgovς, Blavggaς, Levwn, 163
strathgovς, Micahvl, 156, 185
Sevleukoς, Nikhvtaς, 56
Sevrgioς, 117 (?), 131, 169, 179, 183
Ἑxamilivthς, bestavrchς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 149
Ἑxamilivthς, bevsthς, krithvς, 148
Ἑxamilivthς, bevsthς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 149
Ἑxamilivthς, bevsthς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou kai; tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 149, 195
Ἑxamilivthς, prwtoprovedroς, dikaiofuvlax, ἔparcoς, 149
Ἑxamilivthς, prwtoprovedroς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 149
Ἑxamilivthς, prwtospaqavrioς, b. notavrioς, krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἱppo-
drovmou, 148
douvx, 141
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς, 103
path;r povlewς Cersῶnoς, 104
patrivkioς, strathgovς Sikelivaς, 130
prwtospaqavrioς, krith;ς Melithnῆς, 162
b. spaqavrioς, strathgo;ς tῶn Kiburraiwtῶn, 174
b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, ejk proswvpou Cersῶnoς, 104
Sevrgioς (?), ὕpatoς, b. spaqavrioς, 124
Sergius, ex consul, chartularius, 183
Serrῶn, mhtropolivthς, Qeovdwroς, 186
Serwvhς (?), stravtwr (?), 190
Sevttwn, ejpivskopoς, Eὐstavqioς, 143
Seuevrioς (?), 117
Sikelivaς, 4, 7, 13
ἀpoqhvkh, 3
dioikhthvς, Leovntioς, 126
ejpi; tῶn dehvsewn, Kosmᾶς, 126
qevma, 5
katepavnw, Pediadivthς, Basivleioς, 63
kovmhς tῆς kovrthς, Micahvl, 127
257
kovmhς tῆς kovrthς, Sisinnavkioς, 129

strathgovς, Grhgovrioς, 128
strathgovς, Dabivd, 128
strathgovς, Qeovgnwstoς, 130
strathgovς, Qeovdwroς, 7
strathgovς, Qeofuvlaktoς, 7
strathgovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 128
strathgovς, Panqhvrioς, 128, 169
strathgovς, Paῦloς, 7, 130
strathgovς, Salbevntioς, 7
strathgovς, Sevrgioς, 7, 130
Sisinnavkioς, b. spaqavrioς, kovmhς tῆς kovrthς Sikelivaς, 129
Sisivnnioς, 183
Ἑxamilivthς, prwtospaqavrioς, 148
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 66, 181
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, doῦloς tῆς Qeotovkou, 156, 181
notavrioς, 189
patrivkioς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, strathgo;ς tῆς Qra/vkhς, 46, 53
strathgovς, 168
cartoulavrioς tῶn Qra/khsiavnwn, 6
Skaravnoς, Gewvrgioς, 163, 188
Skrivbaς, Basivleioς, kevnswr, skrivbaς, krithvς, 173, 186, 193
skrivbaς (cf. skrivbwn, 137)
skrivbwn, 137
Gewvrgioς, 181
Skuvlla, cf. Ἀkuvlaς, 188
Smolinivskou, ejpivskopoς, Manouhvl, 39
Smuvrnhς, mhtropolivthς, Mhtrofavnhς, 156
Solomwnavkhς, cf. Solomῶn, 138
Solomῶn, 138, 175
Sougdaivaς, strathgovς, Ἰwavnnhς, 109, 147 (?)
strathgo;ς, Mousevlhς, Gewvrgioς, 109
soultavn, Klitziasqlavn II, 28
Sofrwvnhς patrikivwn tῶn Culinitῶn, monhv, 140
sofrwvnwn patrikivwn tῶn kallinivkwn, monhv, cf. Sofrwvnhς patrikivwn tῶn
Culinitῶn, monhv, 140
(b.) spaqavrioς, 5, 11, 100, 107-108, 121, 124-125, 135, 189
Ἀdrianovς, 5
Ἀndrevaς, 11
Baavnhς, 193
Gewvrgioς, 125
Grhgorᾶς (?), 53
Grhgovrioς, 106
Damianovς, 11
Eὐfhmianovς, 166
Qeovdotoς, 5
Qeovktistoς, 153
Qeofavnhς, 126, 195
Qeofuvlaktoς, 99
258
Ἰwavnnhς, 11, 108, 110 (?), 141, 188

Kwnstanti'noς, 106, 133, 152
Leovntioς, 126
Levwn, 105
Maurivkioς, 125
Micahvl, 127
Nikovlaoς, 108 (?), 139, 173, 192
Pevtroς, 153
Sevrgioς, 124, 174
Sisinnavkioς, 129
Stauravkioς, 144
Stevfanoς, 125, 164
(?) Tornivkioς, 114
Fwteinovς, 127
(b.) spaqarokandidᾶtoς, 125, 147
Gabrᾶς, Levwn, 105
Ἑxamilivthς, Levwn, 149
Kourtivkhς, Ἰwavnnhς, 134
Surovpouloς, Kwnstanti'noς, 54
Ἀbravmioς, 114
Ἀgaqovnikoς, 54
Anastavsioς, 125
Eὐstavqioς, 162, 166
Qeovdwroς, 122-123
Qeovktistoς, 125
Ἰavkwboς, 53
Kuriakovς, 185
Kwnstanti'noς, 107
Levwn, 126
Micahvl, 114, 149
Sevrgioς, 104
Stauravkioς, 127
Stevfanoς, 164
Ὑpavtioς, 150
Cristovforoς, 36, 54
(b.) spaqarokoubikoulavrioς,
Ἀntwvnioς, 146
(?) Ἰwavnnhς, 110
Sphlaivou (?), hJgouvmenoς, Ἐfraivm, 185, 193
Sponduvlhς, Micahvl, spaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, ἀshkrῆtiς, 186
stavblou (?), cartoulavrioς, Ἡsaΐaς, 179
Stauravkioς, 123 (?), 145
kommerkiavrioς Qessalonivkhς, 144
(?) b. prwtospaqavrioς, cf. Kwnstanti'noς ὕpatoς, 137 (?)
b. spaqavrioς, kommerkiavrioς Qessalonivkhς, 144
ὕpatoς, dioikhth;ς tῶn ejparciῶn, 162
Stevfanoς, 170, 187, 195
Eὐforbhnovς, prwtospaqavrioς (?), taxiavrchς, 155
Kontostevfanoς, panupersevbastoς, (uiJo;ς Ἰsaakivou K.), 26, 28
259
Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, 25
Poluvς, 46, 56
ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, mandavtwr, 124
ἀrciepivskopoς Ἀgciavlou, 41
I, ἀrciepivskopoς Kwnstantinoupovlewς Nevaς Ῥwvmhς, 86
II, ἀrciepivskopoς Kwnstantinoupovlewς Nevaς Ῥwvmhς, 85-87
dioikhthvς, 162
drouggavrioς, 169
koubouklhvsioς, 54, 59
mhtropolivthς Ἀmaseivaς, 86
ojstiavrioς, 174, 178
patrivkioς, stratiwtiko;ς logoqevthς, 124
prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, 46, 54
III, rJhvx tῶn Oὕggrwn, 27-28
IV, rJhvx tῶn Oὕggrwn, 27-28
b. spaqavrioς, 125
b. spaqavrioς, cartoulavrioς, 164
stravtwr, 134
ὕpatoς, b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, prwtostravtwr, 164
stovlou, (mevgaς douvx), Kontostevfanoς, Ἰsaavkioς, 26
Straborwmanovς, Ἰwavnnhς, 42, 57
strathgivaς, 4, 7, 10, 12-13
Ἑllavdoς, kommevrkia basilikav, 8
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, kommevrkia basilikav, 8-9
tῶn Kiburraiwtῶn, kommevrkia basilikav, 9
strathgovς, 1-2, 10-11
Ἀdavnhς, Qeovdwroς, 113
Ἀnabavrzhς, Ἀtricinwpovdhς (?), Basivleioς, 185
Ἀnabavrzhς, Tricinwpovdhς (?), Basivleioς, 185
tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, 11
tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, Kovnwn, 11
tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, Marianovς, 12
tῶn Ἀrmeniakῶn, cf. ἄrcwn toῦ ἀrmamevntou, 137, 153
tῶn Ἀrmeniakῶn, Levwn, 12
Bavrnaς, Ἀswvtioς, 139
tῶn Boukellarivwn, 162
tῶn Boukellarivwn, Nikovlaoς (?), 165
Germanikeivaς, Qwmᾶς, 185
Ἑllavdoς, Prwteuvwn, Ἰwavnnhς, 103
Qessalonivkhς, cf. strathgo;ς qeofulavktou b. Ὀyikivou, 141
Qessalonivkhς, Micahvl, 103
tῶn Qra/vkhς, 58, (cf. strathgo;ς tῶn Qra/khsivwn or tῶn Qra/-
khsiavnwn, 141)
tῆς Qra/vkhς, Grhgorᾶς (?), 53
tῆς Qra/vkhς, Nikhfovroς, 7
tῆς Qra/vkhς, Sisivnnioς, 46, 53
tῆς Qra/vkhς, Swthvricoς (?), 46, 54
tῶn Qra/khsiavnwn 6, 141 (?)
tῶn Qra/khsiavnwn, Ἀrsabhvr, 6
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, 2, 49, 53, 141 (?), 169
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Lacanodravkwn, Micahvl, 12
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Bardavnhς Toῦrkoς, 184
260
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Levwn, 12

tῶn Qra/khsivwn (?), Nikovlaoς, 173, 192
Kavmaς, cf. Kam... or Cam... (?, family name), 138
tῶn Karabisiavnwn, 5
tῶn Karabisiavnwn, Ἀdrianovς, 5
tῶn Karabisiavnwn, Ἀpelavthς, 5
tῶn Karabisiavnwn, Qeovfiloς, 5
tῶn Kiburraiwtῶn, Sevrgioς, 174
(?) tῶn Klimavtwn (?), Kamathrovς (?), Petrwnᾶς, 108
tῶn Klimavtwn Cersῶnoς, 147
Makedonivaς, 49, 53-55, 58 (cf. strathgo;ς Makedovnwn, 141)
Makedovnwn, 141
Mamivstraς (?), Levwn (?), cf. strathgovς, Machtavrioς (?), Qeovdwroς, 139
b. Ὀyikivou qeofulavktou, 141
Persqlabivtzaς, Ἀevtioς, 35, 54
Seleukeivaς, Blavggaς, Levwn, 163
Seleukeivaς, Micahvl, 156, 185
Sikelivaς, Grhgovrioς, 128
Sikelivaς, Dabivd, 128
Sikelivaς, Qeovgnwstoς, 130
Sikelivaς, Qeovdwroς, 7
Sikelivaς, Qeofuvlaktoς, 7
Sikelivaς, Kwnstanti'noς, 128
Sikelivaς, Panqhvrioς, 128, 169
Sikelivaς, Paῦloς, 7, 130
Sikelivaς, Salbevntioς, 7
Sikelivaς, Sevrgioς, 7, 130
Sougdaivaς, Ἰwavnnhς, 109, 147 (?)
Sougdaivaς, Mousevlhς, Gewvrgioς, 109
Strumῶnoς, Krenivthς (?) or Kriskevntioς (?), 146
Tranoῦ, 132
Cersῶnoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 104, 108
Bebaptismevnoς, Qeovdwroς, 157, 172
Ἑxamilivthς, Kwnstanti'noς, 148
Qeodwrokavnoς, Nikhfovroς, 185
Kasshterᾶς, Qeovdwroς, 34, 54
Kourtivkhς, Micahvl, 134
Machtavrioς (?), Qeovdwroς, 139
Melisshnovς, Micahvl, 109
Pediavsimoς, Eὐmovrfioς, 109
(?) Fraggovpouloς, Ἐrbevbioς, 92
Fravggoς, Zacarivaς, 176
Bhshvr, 167-168, 183
(?) Grhgovrioς, 109
Qeodwvrhtoς, 158
Qeovdwroς, 122, 130
Sevrgioς, 129
Sisivnnioς, 168, 183
strathlavthς, 11, 183
Fraggovpouloς, Ἐrbevbioς, 90-91 (tῆς Ἀnatolῆς), 92-93, 176
261
Gewvrgioς, 71
Dionuvsioς, 179, 193
Qeovteknoς, 181, 193, 194
Kwnstanti'noς, 67
Truvfwn, 179
Fwteinovς, 69
Stratiwtikovς, Brivggaς, Micahvl VI, basileuvς, 90
stratiwtiko;ς logoqevthς,
Gewvrgioς, 172
Paῦloς, 166
Stevfanoς, 124
stratiwtikoῦ, cartoulavrioς (mevgaς), Micahvl, 185
stratiwtikoῦ logoqesivou,
cartoulavrioς, Ἰwavnnhς, 151, 158
cartoulavrioς, Kwnstanti'noς, 150, 157
cartoulavrioς, Levwn (?), 136
(b.) stravtwr,
(?) Serwvhς (?), 190
Stevfanoς, 134
Strobhvlou, ἄrcwn,Ἰwavnnhς, 195
Strumῶnoς, krithvς, Sumewvn, 46, 55 (cf. Boleroῦ)
strathgo;ς, Krenivthς (?) or Kriskevntioς (?), 146
Strufnovς, Micahvl, sebastovς, 188
Stulianovς,
ἀrciepivskopoς Kaisareivaς, suvgkelloς, 64
mhtropolivthς Savrdewn, 162
suvgkelloς,
Marcayavboς, Ἰwavnnhς, 186
Nikhvtaς, 175
Ῥwmanovς, 185
Stulianovς, 64
Sumewvn,
Oὐranovς, bestavrchς, kevnswr, krithvς Kappadokivaς, 151
bestavrchς, katepavnw Ἀdrianoupovlewς kai; Meshmbrivaς, 161
ejpivskopoς Davmala, 169
mavgistroς, logoqevthς toῦ drovmou, 121
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ἀnagrafeu;ς tῶn Ἀrmeniakῶn, 166
b. prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; tῶn oijkeiakῶn, krith;ς Strumovnoς kai;
Boleroῦ, 46, 55
suvmponoς, Nikovlaoς, 134
Sunevsioς, Nikovlaoς, prwtoprovedroς, 56
Sunetovς, ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, geniko;ς kommerkiavrioς ἀpoqhvkhς Pamfulivaς kai;
Pisidivaς, 161 (cf. Nikhvtaς)
Surianovς, 143
Surovpouloς, Kwnstanti'noς, spaqarokandidᾶtoς, kommerkiavrioς Debeltoῦ, 54
scolhv,
tῶn Khruvkwn, 141
tῶn Kurikῶn, cf. scolh; tῶn Khruvkwn, 141
scolῶn,
262
tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, domevstikoς, Bracavmioς, Filavretoς, 186

tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, domevstikoς, Kwnstanti'noς, 119
tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, domevstikoς, Nikhvtaς, 191
tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, domevstikoς, Oὐmarazovthς (?), 173
tῆς Duvsewς, domevstikoς, Komnhnovς, Ἰwavnnhς, 191-192
tῆς Duvsewς, domevstikoς, Levwn, 146
Swzopovlewς, kleisouravrchς, Kwnstanti'noς, 152
Swstratianovς (?), vicarius Thracis, 180
Swthvricoς (?), patrivkioς, strathgo;ς tῆς Qra/vkhς, 46, 54
tavgma, 12-13
tagmatofuvlax, Pediavsimoς, Eὐmovrfioς, 109
taxiavrchς, Eὐforbhnovς, Stevfanoς, 155
Tarsoῦ,
kouravtwr, Ἑxamilivthς, Ἰwavnnhς, 148
kouravtwr, Kalovyucoς Ἰwavnnhς, 185
krithvς, Gumnovς, Pevtroς, 159 (cf. Podandoῦ krithvς, Seleukeivaς krithvς)
Tarcaneiwvthς,
Ἰwshvf, provedroς, dou;x Ἀntioceivaς, 129
Katakalwvn, 43, 57
Tarwnivthς (cf. Sarwnivthς),
Ἀswvtioς, mavgistroς, 139
Kwnstanti'noς, 80
(or Sarwnivthς) Kwnstanti'noς, 79
Tatianovς, patrivkioς, 165, 171, 182, 193
Tatouvlhς, Pakourianovς, prwtonwbelivssimoς, ἄrcwn tῶn ἀrcovntwn, 144
Tetragwnivthς, Gewvrgioς, 163, 174
Tetravdioς (?), 178
Tzavkaloς (?), 143
Tzamandhnovς, Basivleioς, prwtospaqavrioς, 185
Tzimpevaς, Kwnstanti'noς, 178
Tzirivqwn, Basivleioς, patrivkioς, ἀnquvpatoς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, ἀntiproswpῶn
toῦ sekrevtou tῶn oijkeiakῶn, 168
Tzonovbioς (?), 140
Tzotz..., cf. Joscelinus (?), 116
Tzuvbinoς (?), 140
Tiberiavdoς, cf. Tiberioupovlewς (?), 154
Tibevrioς III, Ἀyivmaroς, basileuvς, 7, 10
Tiberioupovlewς (?), 154
Timivthς, cf. Timwnivthς, 137, 153
Timwnivthς, 137, 153
Cristovforoς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 157
topothrhthvς, 12
Pakatianῆς, 12
Paflagonivaς, cf. krith;ς ejpi; toῦ Ἰppodrovmou, 153
Tornivkioς, 116
Barasbatzev, 116
provedroς, 65, 167
263
spaqavrioς or prwtospaqavrioς, 114

Tourdivthς, cf. Pavrdoς, 140
Toῦrkoς, cf. Bardavnhς, 184
touvrma, 3
tourmavrchς, 1, 11
tῶn Ἀnatolikῶn, Nikaivaς, 11
Ἀracilavbhς, Ἀndrovnikoς, 139
Gotqivaς, Levwn, 105
tῶn Ἑlladikῶn, Ἀgallianovς, 11
Ἑllavdoς, Qeovgnioς, 129
Ἐfevsou (?), Cai'roς (?), 188
tῶn Qra/khsivwn, Baavnhς, 193
Ἀndrevaς, 11
Damianovς, 11
Ἰwavnnhς, 11
Kovnwn, 11
trakteuth;ς Nhvswn, Leovntioς, 117
Tranoῦ, strathgovς, 132
Trapezoῦntoς, basileuvς, Ἀndrovnikoς II, 131
Triakontavfulloς, Kwnstanti'noς, cf. Kwnstanti'noς Kontostevfanoς, 147
Trig..., cf. Grhgorᾶς (?), 140, 154, Trigovnhς (?), 154
Trigovnhς (?), 140, 154
Trimuvqouς (?), 179
Tripolis, comes, Raimundus, 156
Tricinwpovdhς (or Ἀtricinwpovdhς), Basivleioς, prwtospaqavrioς, ὕpatoς,
strathgo;ς Ἀnabavrzhς, 185
Truvfwn,
strathlavthς, ἀnquvpatoς, 179
Tuvrou,
kommerkiavrioς, Ἀreovbindoς, 114
kommerkiavrioς, Mariva or Ἡria, 114
kommerkiavrioς, Micahvl, 114
uiJovς,
Qeodwvrou, Pevtroς, 181 (?)
Ἰwavnnou, Qeovdwroς, 192, 194
Megavlou Louvlou, Mounsouvr, 138
Pevtrou, Qeovdwroς, 181 (?)
Cosrobivou patrikivou, Ἀswvthς, 139
Ὑpaivpwn, ejpivskopoς, Nikhvtaς, 187
Ὑpatᾶς (?), Basivleioς, 170
Ὑpavtioς,
(?) ἀpo; ejpavrcwn, 169
spaqarokandidᾶtoς, ἀshkrῆtiς, krith;ς Kappadokivaς, 150
uJpatikovς, Kosmᾶς, 123
uJpavtissa, Eὐfhmiva, 163
ὕpatoς, 92, 138 (?)
264
Ἀrnhvς, Micahvl, 45, 54

Ἀtricinwpovdhς (?), Basivleioς, 185
Bebaptismevnoς, Qeovdwroς, 157
Manikᾶς (?), Micahvl, ὕpatoς, 168
Tricinwpovdhς (?), Basivleioς, 185
Fraggovpouloς, Ἐrbevbioς, 92
Ἀbakouvm, 182
(?) Ἀbravmioς, 182
Ἀkuvlaς, 165, 170, 189, 194
Ἀnastavsioς, 125
Ἀrtevmioς, 183
Ἀswvthς, 138
Basivleioς, 183
Gewvrgioς, 170, 180, 183, 189
Eὐtucianovς, 114
Zwviloς, 104
Qeovdotoς, 141 (?), 165
Qeovdwroς, 99, 115, 151, 170
Qeovktistoς, 117, 125
Qeofavnhς, 126
Qeovfiloς, 126
Qwmᾶς, 185
Ἰwavnnhς, 114, 141, 145, 162 (?), 167 (?), 184
Komitᾶς, 181
Kwnstanti'noς, 137 (?), 183, 185, 195
Levwn, 123, 126
(?) Makrovbioς, 182
Nikhvtaς, 50 (?), 54 (?), 113
Nikovlaoς, 134
Ὀgkevatoς, 183
Pantolevwn, 121
Sevrgioς (?), 124
Stauravkioς, 127, 162
Stevfanoς, 164
Flῶroς, 181
Fwteinovς, 127, 163, 184
Fwvtioς, 45, 53
Cristovforoς, 171
uJpostravthgoς tῆς Qra/vkhς, Qeovdwroς, 7
Faustinoupovlewς,
ejpivskopoς, Danihvl, 72
ejpivskopoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 71-73
ejpivskopoς, Patrovfiloς, 72
Fevrshς, cf. Ἀrsavkhς (?), 138, Ἀrtavkhς (?), 138
Filavgrhς,
Ἀndrovnikoς, provedroς, 42
Ἰwavnnhς, 42, 57
265
Filavretoς,
Bracavmioς, prwtokouropalavthς, domevstikoς tῶn scolῶn tῆς Ἀna-
tolῆς, 186
Bracavmioς, sebastovς, mevgaς domevstikoς, 187
Filavretoς, Ῥwmanovς, prwtonwbelivssimoς, 187
Filippikovς, patrivkioς, 119
Fivlippoς, 178
Filivppwn, ejpivskopoς, Micahvl, 190
Filovqeoς, b. prwtospaqavrioς, geniko;ς logoqevthς, 99
Filokavlhς, Micahvl, 147
Flwrevntioς (?), 131
Flwrenti'noς (?), 131
Flῶroς, ὕpatoς, 181
Fraggovpouloς, Ἐrbevbioς (or Ἐrbevoς), 89, 95-96
mavgistroς, bevsthς, strathlavthς tῆς Ἀnatolῆς, 90-91
provedroς, strathlavthς divkaia uJperevcwn tῆς ἀkefavlhς Ἀnatolῆς, 92-
94, 176
ὕpatoς, strathgovς or strathlavthς, 92
Fravggoς,
Zacarivaς, bestavrchς, strathgovς, 176
Koursevlioς (?), bevsthς, 115
fuvlakoς, ἀneyiovς, Ἰwavnnhς, 187
Fwteinovς,
strathlavthς, 69
ὕpatoς, ἀnagrafeu;ς Qra/khsivwn, 184
ὕpatoς, b. spaqavrioς, 127
Fwvtioς, 137 (?), 174
prwtospaqavrioς, 119
ὕpatoς, kommerkiavrioς Debeltoῦ (?), 45, 53
Cadabalivthς (?), Basivleioς, 191

Cazarivaς, ἄrcwn pavshς, Micahvl, 110
Cai'roς (?), 188
Calkouvtzhς, Basivleioς, b. notavrioς, 54
Cam... (?, family name), 138
Carioupovlewς (?), ejpivskopoς, Micahvl, 159
Carsianoῦ,
krithvς, Ἑxamilivthς, 149 (cf. ejpi; toῦ Ἱppodrovmou)
cartoulavrioς, Micahvl, cf. Carsianoῦ, cartoulavrioς drovmou,
Micahvl, 138, 153
cartoulavrioς drovmou, Micahvl, 138, 153
cartoulavrioς,
Ἀbuvdou, Ἰwavnnhς, 118
tῶn Qra/vkhς, cf. cartoulavrioς tῶn Qra/khsiavnwn (?), 141
tῶn Qra/khsiavnwn (?), 141
tῶn Qra/khsiavnwn, Sisivnnioς, 6
Kontostevfanoς Komnhnovς, Ἀlevxioς, (3), 32
Basivleioς, 183
∆Hlivaς, 185
266
Kwnstanti'noς, 184
(?) Levwn, 143
Pantolevwn, 179
Stevfanoς, 164
chartularius, Sergius, 183
cartoulavrioς,
tῶn ἀgelῶn (?), Gennavdioς, 192
tῶn ἀgelῶn (?), Ἡsaΐaς, 179
cartoulavrioς toῦ genikoῦ logoqesivou, Micahvl, 151
cartoulavrioς despotikovς, Pevtroς, 180
cartoulavrioς toῦ drovmou,
Micahvl, cf. cartoulavrioς toῦ drovmou Carsianoῦ, Micahvl, 138, 153
Nikhvtaς, 121
tῆς Duvsewς, Cristovforoς, 121
Carsianoῦ, Micahvl, 138, 153
cartoulavrioς toῦ stavblou (?), ∆Hsaΐaς, 179
cartoulavrioς toῦ stratiwtikoῦ logoqesivou,
Kwnstanti'noς, 150, 157
Levwn (?), 136
cartoulavrioς (mevgaς), Baruvς, Micahvl, 152
cartoulavrioς (mevgaς) toῦ stratiwtikoῦ, Micahvl, 185
cartofuvlax,
Mauropovdhς, Samouhvl, 133
Pantecnhvς, Ἰwavnnhς, 39
Grhgovrioς (?), 157
Cavrwn (?), 140
Cersῶnoς, 107
ἄrcwn, 147
ἄrcwn, Grhgovrioς, 106
ἄrcwn, Kwnstanti'noς, 106
ἔkdikoς, Nikhfovroς, 104
ejk proswvpou, Sevrgioς, 104
ejpivskopoς, 104
ejpivskopoς, Ἰwavnnhς, 106
kommerkiavrioς, 107
kommerkiavrioς, Kwnstanti'noς, 107
kuvriς, Zwviloς, 104
path;r povlewς, Sevrgioς, 104
strathgovς, Ἰwavnnhς, 104, 108
strathgovς Klimavtwn, 147
Cetavmhς, Qeovdwroς, kouropalavthς, dou;x Melithnῆς, 177
Cetavmnioς, Qeovdwroς, cf. Cetavmhς, Qeovdwroς, 177
cilivarcoς, Gabrᾶς, Levwn, 105
Cleuevrhς, 154
Coirosfavkthς, Gewvrgioς, patrivkioς, 40, 56
Cosrovbioς, patrivkioς, 139 (cf. Ἀswvthς)
Coῦmnoς, Basivleioς, 136
267
Cristovdouloς, Ἀntiocivthς, prwtospaqavrioς, ejpi; toῦ crusotriklivnou, ὕpa-

toς, 114
Cristoῦ, cf. doῦloς
Cristovforoς, 163 [?, cf. Qeovpistoς (?), 154]
Timwnivthς, krith;ς toῦ bhvlou, 157
basileuvς, 158, 160
b. kandidᾶtoς, kommerkiavrioς Debeltoῦ, 152
primikhvrioς, cartoulavrioς toῦ drovmou tῆς Duvsewς, 121
b. spaqarokandidᾶtoς, ejpi; tῶn barbavrwn, 36, 54
ὕpatoς, 171
Crushvlioς, Qeovdwroς, krithvς, 185
Crusokevfaloς, 142
crusotriklivnou (ejpi; toῦ), 49, 54
Ἑxamilivthς, Levwn, 149
Katakalovς, Kwnstanti'noς, 168
Maracᾶς, Micahvl, 166
Ἀarwvn, 62
Gewvrgioς, 41
Grhgovrioς, 54
Ἰwavnnhς, 121 (?), 151, 158, 162, 167
Micahvl, 101, 115, 184
Nikhvtaς, 121
Paῦloς, 166
Stevfanoς, 46, 54
Ὦpoς, Kwnstanti'noς, 170
268
INDEX OF ICONOGRAPHY
Adam and Eva, cf. Genesis, 177

Anastasis, 175, 177
Annunciation, cf. Genesis, 177
Anthusa, personification of Constantinople, 15
archangel, 109, 145
bird, 144
bishop, holy, 43, 110, 111, 117
camel with a rider, 114
charioteer, 15
chrismon, 21
Christ, 119; bust, 49, 112, 127, 147, 159, 165, 167, 191, (Ἐmmanouhvl) 112; seated
on a throne, 112, 143, (Ἐmmanouhvl) 112; standing, 120, (Pantokrator), 161
Christmas (scene of), cf. Genesis, 177
Christogram, (with eagle and snake), 163, 179
church of Hagia Sophia, 159, 188, 190
city gate with church (Cherson), 104
city gate of Tripoli, 156
cross: 104, 121; decorative, 195; “gemmata”, 162; greek, 116; on steps, 102, 103,
132, 159, (potent), 164; patriarchal, 79, 108, 116, 120, 135, 139, (on steps)
99-104, 107, 108, 120, 121, 127, 148, 156, 157, 160, 166, 172, 191, (on
steps, nimbate), 184, (on steps, ornamental?), 107
crucifixion, 189
Deesis, 158, 160
eagle, 15, 111, 121, 141, 145, 165, 169, 170, 175, 180, 183, 189, 190, 194 (?); with
lion (?), 174; with snake, 158; with snake and Christogram, 163, 179
emperor: unidentified, 77; Alexios I Komnenos, 112; Anastasios I, 194 (?);
Anastasios II, 161; Andronikos II, 120; Andronikos IV crowning John
VII, 143; Constans II, 103; Constantine IX, 191; Constantine Doukas,
112; Herakleios, Herakleios Constantine and Heraklonas (?) standing,
103; Isaakios Komnenos, 112; Justin II, 189, 193; Justinian I, 43, 76, 114,
178, 188, 190, 194 (?); Leon III and Constantine V, 8, 9, 169; Leontios,
172; Nikephoros III Botaneiates, 191; Nikephoros Melissenos, 112, 144;
Procopius, 163; Theodosios I and Arkadios (?), 191; Tiberios II, 163, 182;
Valentian I and Valens (?), 161;
empress: Irene Doukaina, (and not Theodora) 165
Genesis, 177
griffin attacking a dragon, 36
grillos, 15
269
human figures: unidentified, 78, 173; bust, 131; Aimery, patriarch of Antioch,
115, 156; St. Alexander, patriarch of Alexandria, cf. St. Nicholas, 175;
Andronikos Rogerios (with Theotokos Hodegetria), 160; female head,
178; head of a satyr (?), 178; horseman, 180; knight on horseback, 156;
martyr, 110; mounted warrior, 130; Nikephoros Melissenos, caesar, 156,
157; Orio Mastropietro (with St. Mark), 129; Pythagoras, 161; Symeon of
Bulgaria, 167; Theophylaktos Exubitos (?), 122
Joseph, cf. Genesis, 177
lion (?) with eagle, 174
monogram (cruciform invocative), 6, 23, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 80, 99, 102-104, 106,
111-118, 121, 123-132, 141, 146, 147, 152, 153, 156, 162, 164, 165, 168-
171, 173, 174, 180, 181, 183, 188-190, 193, 194, 195
monogram: unsolved, 116, 123, 129; Aijqerivou (?), 116; Aijmilianou' (?), 115;
Aijneivou (?), 78; Ἀkulivnou (?), 131; Ἀlexavndrou, 21, 22; ajmhvn, 140;
Anastasius (?), 194; Ἀndrevou, 161 (?), 180; Ἀpelavtou (?), 116; ajpo;
ejpavrcwn, 66; Ἀpollwnivou (?), 178; ajpo; uJpavtwn, cf. Ἀpollwnivou (?),
178; Ἀprobivou (?), 191; Baanivou (?), 170; Bai>anou' (?), 170; Bavnou
(?), 170; Baporivou (?), 191; Barsanoufivou (?), 115; Basileivw,/ 162;
Batavtzhn Douvkan, 147; Bhshvr, 167; bohvqei, 140; Boutzivnou (?), 140;
Buzakhnovς (?), 190; Gabra'ς, 105; Gewrgivou, 68; Gewrgivou ejpiskovpou
(?), 167; Gewrgivw,/ 73, 170, 189; Gewrgivw/ kovmiti, 180; Grhgorivou
ejpiskovpou (?), 167; Dabivdou (?), 116; Damianou' (?), 115; Dhmhtrivou,
147; Dosiqevw/ (?), 190; tou' douvlou sou or tou' sou' douvlou, 140; douvlou
th'ς Qeotovkou, 170; ∆Ennodivou (?), 116; eJrmhneutou', 135; Eujmolpivou (?),
115; Eujtucianou' uJpavtou, 114; Qeodosivw/ (?), 190; Qeodovtw/ uJpavtw/ (?),
141; Qeodwvrou, 22, 67, 116 (?), 131, 180; Theodoru (?), 176; Qeotovke
bohvqei Qeodwvrou or Qeodwvrw/ or ∆Isidwvrou or Dwroqevou (?), 180;
Qeofavnh/, 195; Qeofulavktou, 165; Thracia (?), 176; Qwma'/ monacῷ, 146;
ÔIevrwnoς, 181; ∆Iobianou' (?), 170; ∆Ioubianou' (?), 170; Iustinianus (?), 194;
∆Iwavnnh/, 164; ∆Iwavnnou, 114, 116, 118, 122 162; ∆Iwavnnou ajpo; uJpavrcwn
(?), 169; ∆Iwavnnou ijlloustrivou (?), 180; Kamathrovς, 160; Kataflwvrou,
cf. Kontostefavnou, 147; Komita', 98, 155; Kontostefavnou, 147; Kosma',
123; Kuvrie, 140; Kwn (?), 131; Kwnstantivnou, 115, 147; Kwnstantivnou
Tarwnivtou, 80; Kwnstantivnw/, 147; Leontivou, 79; Liutprandus, 113;
Macrobii, 145; Marianou' (?), 165; Marivnou, 66, 165 (?); Marouvlhς,
147; Megavlou, 115; Mhtrofavnouς (?), 174; Micahvl, 147; tῷ Monomavcw/,
102; Nikolavou, 131; ∆Olumpivou, 179; Pagkavlw/ (?) drouggarivw,/ 192;
patrikivou, 119, 123; patrikivou kai; strathgou', 167; patrikivw,/ 164;
Pauvlou, 116 (?), 131; Pauvlw/, 102; Pelagivou (?), 116; Pevtrou, 189;
Petri, 189; Plakivdou (?), 123; Probativou (?), 191; rJeferendarivou, 180;
ÔRogevrioς, 160; ÔRwmanou', 165 (?, cf. Marianou' (?), 165; Marivnou (?),
165); Pevtrw/ ejpavrcw/, 190; Sergivou, 117 (?), 169; Serwvh/ stravtwri (?), 190;
Seuerivou (?), 117; Sisinnivou, 66; Sisinnivw,/ 168; Staurakivou (?), 123;
Stefavnw/, 170; strathlavtou 183; Swstratianou' (?), 180; Tzonobivou
(?), 140; Tzubivnou (?), 140; Tornikivw,/ 116; Triakontafivllou, cf.
Kontostefavnou, 147; ÔUpativou ajpo; uJpavrcwn (?), 169; uJpavtou, 114, 162;
Filippikou', 119; Filokavlhς, 147; Flwrentivnou (?), 131; Flwrentivou
(?), 131; Fwtinou', 69; Fwtivou, 174; Cristofovrw/, 171
270
Nike (Victory), 15, 16, 18-24, 43, 76, 157, 161, 163, 176, 178, 189, 191, 193
Pegasos, 15
snake, with eagle and Christogram, 163, 179
St. (indistinct), 108 (?), 110, 111, 119, 129, 131, 135, 147, (cf. Symeon of
Bulgaria, 167)
St. (military, indistinct), 109-111, 117, 135, 147
St. Antony II Kauleas, 119
St. Athenogenes, 154, (cf. St. Niketas or Eustathios, 138)
St. Basil, 63, 64, 113 (?), 193
St. Blasios, 137 (?)
St. Clement, cf. St. Blasios, 137 (?)
St. Demetrios, 49 (?), 96, 109 (?), 118, 129, 138 (?), 142, 147, 149-151, 157, 159,
172, 178, 187, 190, 191, (with St. George) 105, (cf. St. Niketas, 141)
St. Elias, 133
St. Eustathios (?), 138
St. Eustratios, 131
St. George, 46, 54 (?), 105, 109, 111, 114, 116, 117, 133, 136, 141-146, 157-159,
163, 166, 168, 170, 171-173, 175, 176, 178, 187, 188, 190, 191, 194, (with
St. Demetrios) 105, (with St. Nicholas) 105, (with St. Theodore?), 111
St. Gregorios, bishop of Nyssa, 176
St. John the Baptist (Prodromos), 74, 115, 142, 150, 151, 152, 168, 170
St. John Chrysostomos, 131, 134, (cf. St. Nicholas, 190)
St. John the Theologian, 53, 166, 171
St. Kyrillos (?), 108
St. Luke, 144
St. Mark, (with Doge Orio Mastropietro), 130
St. Menas, 115, 134
St. Michael, 63, 91, 102, 109, 110, 113, 117, 122, 133, 134, 135, 142, 151, 155,
156, 158, 164, 170, 175, 190
St. Myron (?), cf. St. Niketas or Nikephoros, 138
St. Nicholas, 103, 105, 113-116, 119, 145, 146, 148, 150, 155, 161, 162, 175,
187, 190, 194, (with St. George) 105, (with Theotokos and St. Thomas),
134, (with Theotokos Episkepsis and St. Menas), 134
St. Nikephoros (?), 138
St. Niketas, 114, 138 (?), 141
St. Panteleimon, 53, 148, 150
St. Peter, 89, 92, 95, 115, 156, 169
St. Peter and St. Paul, together, 64, 116, 129, 141, 167, 172, 190
St. Philip, 105
St. Polykarpos, 156
St. Polyeuktos, cf. St. Polykarpos, 156
St. Prokopios, 42, 45, 62, 135, 136, 139
St. Samuel, 133
St. Stephen, 37, 164, 166
St. Thekla, (between two lions), 161
271
St. Theodore, 49, 62, 91, 106, 110 (?), 110, 112, 113, (horseman) 116 (?), 117
(?), 121, 122, 144, 145, 148, 150, 153 (?), 155, 160, 171, 173, 175, 177,
186, 188, 191; (Stratelates), 106, 109 (?), 110 (?); (Tiron), 151; (with St.
George?), 91, 111, (cf. Thomas, 167)
St. Theodosios (?), 153
St. Thomas, 133, 134, 167, (with Theotokos and St. Nicholas), 133
St. Zacharias, 164
stableman, 15
Theotokos, 119, 121, 172, (cf. Symeon of Bulgaria, 167); crowning the emperor
Constantine Doukas, 112; with Justinian, 188; with the Child flanked
by crosses, 20; seated on a throne, 38, 86, 87, (holding on her knees
the Child standing) 105, (holding the medallion before her), 37, 149,
151, 168, (holding the Child in her lap), 148, 149, 172; Blachernitissa,
82; Hagiosoritissa, 136; Hodegetria, 118, (seated on a throne), 102;
Nikopoios, (seated on a throne), 151; bust, 108 (?), 110 (?), 114 (?), 116
(?), 179, 191, (holding the Child), 131, (with/holding the medallion),
116, 156, 189, 190, (with a cross on her chest), 117, (between crosses),
115, (between crosses, holding the medallion), 155, 174; (with the
Child, between crosses), 116, (with Christ before her), 145, (with a
crown), 115; bust, Blachernitissa, 192; bust, Hagiosoritissa, 149; bust,
“Minimalorantengestus”, 148, 159, 166, 188; bust, orans, 41, 49, 105,
136, 146, 148; bust, orans with medallion, 35, 40, 44, 113, 116, 129, 131;
bust, orans holding the Child, 130; bust, holding the Child before chest,
100; bust, Eirenopoios, 173; bust, Episkepsis, 110 (?), 111, 112, 133, 139,
142, 145, 149, 151, 157, 160, 164, 168, 170, 174, 176, 177, 190, 192; bust,
Hodegetria, 121, 159, 175, 192, (with Andronikos Rogerios), 160, 167,
169; bust, Hodegetria-Dexiokratousa, 109, 150; bust, Nikopoios, 104, 109
(?), 132, 144, 148, 150, 157, 195; standing, (holding the Child in l. arm),
117, (between St. Thomas and St. Nicholas), 133; standing Blachernitissa,
159; standing Episkepsis, 81, 175, 177, 178, 188, 191, (between St. Menas
and St. Nicholas), 134; standing Hagiosoritissa, 150, 152, 163; standing
Hodegetria, 106, 132, 161, (holding Christ in l. arm), 85, 86, 119; standing
Hodegetria-Dexiokratousa, 142
trident, 163
272

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Studies in Byzantine Sigillography

Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek

© 2010 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/New York

Druck: AZ Druck und Datentechnik GmbH, Kempten

First part : Contributions to the Session of Sigillography of the

Second part : Notes of Sigillography

Seals published (2002 - 2006) .......................................................... 99

Catalogue of Auctions (2002 - 2006) ................................................ 155

Index of Proper Names and Terms ................................................... 197

Index of Iconography ....................................................................... 269

This new volume of SBS containsthe papers read in London at the

AAA: Ἀrcaiologika; Ἀnavlekta ejx Ἀqhnῶn

Darrouzès, Notitiae: J. Darrouzès, Notitiae episcopatuum ecclesiae Con-

Les églises et les monastères, 2nd ed. (Paris, 1969)

LCI: Lexikon der christlichen Ikonographie

M. Jones, J. R. Martindale, J. Morris (Cambridge, 1971), vol. 2, ed.

Seyrig: J. - CI. Cheynet, C. Morrisson, and W. Seibt, Les sceaux byzantins

LA MISE EN PLACE DES THÈMES D’APRÈS LES SCEAUX :

La mise en place des thèmes à Byzance a fait l’objet de nombreuses études

1 La bibliographie est immense. Voir en dernier lieu, la controverse qui a

Chacun sait que l’installation des unités militaires rapatriées d’Orient

3 Oikonomidès, Listes, 53, 55, 57, 59.

celui d’un groupe de soldats ou a-t-il un caractère géographique ?10 En

15 Acta conciliorum æcumenicorum, ser. II, II, 2 éd. R. Riedinger

deux seuls documents à caractère officiel est d’observer l’organisation des

16 PBE (Théophilos 21).

19 DOSeals 2.58.1. Les éditeurs datent le plomb du tournant du VIIe s., entre

Makrè, Molubdovboulla, no 82). À noter la formule eij" Karabhsiavnou".

Les Thrakèsianoi, comme l’a bien noté N. Oikonomidès, ne sont

Peut-être un chartulaire, Sisinnios (milieu VIIIe siècle)27..

24 DOSeals 3.1.2 En raison de la formule, ÔAgiva Triav", oJ Qeo;" hJmw'n, on peut

européens de la capitale.29 En 680/681 Théodore apo hypatôn, patrice,

29 R. - J. Lilie, « “ Thrakien ” und “ Thrakesion ” », JÖB 26 (1977) 7-47. La date

les origines du thème de Sicile, » Rivista di Studi Bizantini e Neoellenici N. S. 1

– un sceau publié il y a un siècle qui signale un commerciaire d’Asie sous

2) Sceau édité par G. Zacos et A. Veglery, n° 261, qui concerne le

3) Seibt - Zarnitz, 1-3-8 (ind. 14 [745 - 746] (Munich Staatmuseum, no 499)

34 W. Brandes, Finanzverwaltung in Krisenzeiten, Untersuchungen zur byzanti-

Au droit, bustes des empereurs Léon III et Constantin V tenant une

4) Zacos (BnF) 735

Les kommerkia impériaux de la stratégie des Thracésiens,

5) Zacos (BnF) 739 (mentionné dans Zacos - Veglery, Add. I, p. 1955)

Les kommerkia impériaux de la stratégie des Cibyrrhéotes,

Cinq sceaux ne permettent pas de conclusion définitive, car toute

35 La chronologie de la révolte d’Artavasde a été corrigée par M. Nichanian

Puis au cours du VIIIe siècle, le nom de la région où le stratège est implanté

41 Schlumberger, Sig., 371-372 et Konstantopoulos, n 231.

42 Seibt, Bleisiegel I, 268. M. Nichanian [Aristocratie et pouvoir impérial

qu’un lien existe entre les nouveaux commandements et l’administration

45 Wassiliou - Seibt, Bleisiegel II, n 339.

51 T. Lounghis, « Researching Seals in a Byzantine Chronography Data Base

VICTORIA - NIKE ON EARLY BYZANTINE SEALS

1 K. Weitzmann, Greek Mythology in Byzantine Art (Princeton, 1951);

the overwhelming majority of these molybdobulls belong to civil and

fig. 1 fig. 2 fig. 3

3 V. Zalesskaja, “The classical Heritage in Byzantine Art,” The Road to

6 Grierson, Coins, 36, 55-56.

main representation of the goddess on these molybdobulls becomes Victoria

Sometimes the goddess stands on a sphere symbolizing all the world

10 Zacos - Veglery, nos. 3-5; Seibt, Bleisiegel, no. 6; Sode, Bleisiegel, no. 1;

of the Vth c. it, possibly, disappeared from coins completely. J. P. S. Kent

fig. 7 fig. 8 fig. 9

15 J. P. S. Kent, vol. X, 47.

Seals published (2002 - 2006) .......................................................... 99

Catalogue of Auctions (2002 - 2006) ................................................ 155

Index of Proper Names and Terms ................................................... 197

Index of Iconography ....................................................................... 269

Darrouzès, Notitiae: J. Darrouzès, Notitiae episcopatuum ecclesiae Con-

M. Jones, J. R. Martindale, J. Morris (Cambridge, 1971), vol. 2, ed.

Seyrig: J. - CI. Cheynet, C. Morrisson, and W. Seibt, Les sceaux byzantins

15 Acta conciliorum æcumenicorum, ser. II, II, 2 éd. R. Riedinger

19 DOSeals 2.58.1. Les éditeurs datent le plomb du tournant du VIIe s., entre

Les Thrakèsianoi, comme l’a bien noté N. Oikonomidès, ne sont

29 R. - J. Lilie, « “ Thrakien ” und “ Thrakesion ” », JÖB 26 (1977) 7-47. La date

2) Sceau édité par G. Zacos et A. Veglery, n° 261, qui concerne le

34 W. Brandes, Finanzverwaltung in Krisenzeiten, Untersuchungen zur byzanti-

Au droit, bustes des empereurs Léon III et Constantin V tenant une

35 La chronologie de la révolte d’Artavasde a été corrigée par M. Nichanian

Puis au cours du VIIIe siècle, le nom de la région où le stratège est implanté

42 Seibt, Bleisiegel I, 268. M. Nichanian [Aristocratie et pouvoir impérial

51 T. Lounghis, « Researching Seals in a Byzantine Chronography Data Base

1 K. Weitzmann, Greek Mythology in Byzantine Art (Princeton, 1951);

3 V. Zalesskaja, “The classical Heritage in Byzantine Art,” The Road to

of the Vth c. it, possibly, disappeared from coins completely. J. P. S. Kent

some dedicatory inscriptions of the VIth-VIIth c.30 Starting with the words:

1 Jordanov, Melnitsa = I. Jordanov, “Byzantine Lead Seals from the Village of

2 V. L. Janin, Aktovye pečati Drevnei Rusi X-XV c., vol. 1 (Moscow, 1970),