Chapter 11 Constructions

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CBSE Class 9 Mathemaics
Important Questions
Chapter 11
Constructions
2 Marks Quetions
1. Construct a triangle ABC in which BC = 8 cm, B = and AB – AC = 3.5 cm.
Ans. Given: Base BC = 8 cm, One Base angle B = and AB – AC = 3.5 cm
To construct: A triangle ABC.
Steps of construction:
(a) Draw a ray BX and cut off a line segment BC = 8 cm from it.
(b) Cut YBC =
(c) Cut off a line segment BD = 3.5 cm
( AB – AC = 3.5 cm) from BY.
(d) Join CD.
(e) Draw perpendicular bisector PQ of CD intersecting BY at a point A.
(f) Join AC.
Then ABC is the required triangle.
Justification:
A lies on the perpendicular bisector of CD.
AD = AC
Now BD = AB – AD
BD = AB – AC = 3.5 cm
1
Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
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RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 6, 7 & 10 Mathematics
Important Questions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
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2. Construct a triangle PQR in which QR = 6 cm, Q = and PR – PQ = 2 cm.
Ans. Given: Base QR = 6 cm, one base angle Q = and PR – PQ = 2 cm.
To construct: A triangle PQR.
(a) Draw a ray QX and cut off a line segment QR = 6 cm from it.
(b) Construct a ray QY making an angle of with QR and produce YQ to form a line YQY’.
(c) Cut off a line segment QO = 2 cm ( PR – PQ = 2 cm) from QY’.
(d) Join OR.
(e) Draw perpendicular bisector MN of OR.
(f) Join PR.
Then PQR is the required triangle.
Justification:
P lies on perpendicular bisector of OR.
PO = PR
PQ + QO = PR
QO = PR – PQ = 2 cm
2
Important Questions
Chapter 11
Constructions
3 Marks Quetions
1. Construct an angle of at the initial point of a given ray and justify the
construction.
Ans. Steps of construction:

(a) Draw a ray OA.
(b) With O as centre and convenient radius, draw an arc LM cutting OA at L.
(c) Now with L as centre and radius OL, draw an arc cutting the arc LM at P.
(d) Then taking P as centre and radius OL, draw an arc cutting arc PM at the point Q.
(e) Join OP to draw the ray OB. Also join O and Q to draw the OC. We observe that:
AOB = BOC =
(f) Now we have to bisect BOC. For this, with P as centre and radius greater than 1/2 PQ
draw an arc.
(g) Now with Q as centre and the same radius as in step 6, draw another arc cutting the arc
drawn in step 6 at R.
(h) Join O and R and draw ray OD.
Then AOD is the required angle of 90o
3
Justification:
Join PL, then OL = OP = PL [by construction]
Therefore OQP is an equilateral triangle and POL which is same as BOA is equal to
Now join QP, then OP = OQ = PQ [ by construction]
Therefore OQP is an equilateral triangle.
POQ which is same as BOC is equal to
By construction OD is bisector of BOC.
DOC = DOB = BOC =
Now, DOA = BOA + DOB DOA =
DOA =
2. Construct an angle of at the initial point of a given ray and justify the
construction.
(a) Draw a ray OA.
4
AOB = BOC =
(f) Now we have to bisect BOC. For this, with P as centre and radius greater than PQ
draw an arc.
(h) Join O and R and draw ray OD.Then AOD is the required angle of
(i) With L as centre and radius greater than LS, draw an arc.
(j) Now with S as centre and the same radius as in step 2, draw another arc cutting the arc
draw in step 2 at T.
(k) Join O and T and draw ray OE.

Thus OE bisects AOD and therefore AOE = DOE =
Justification:
Join LS then OLS is isosceles right triangle, right angled at O.
OL = OS
Therefore O lies on the perpendicular bisector of SL.
5
SF = FL
And OFS = OFL [Each ]
Now in OFS and OFL,
OF = OF [ Common]
OS = OL [By construction]
SF = FL [Proved]
OFS OFL [By SSS rule]
SOF = LOF [By CPCT]
Now SOF + LOF = SOL
SOF + LOF =
2 LOF =
LOF =
And AOE =
3. Construct an equilateral triangle, given its side and justify the construction.
6
(a) Draw a line segment BC of length 6 cm.
(b) At B draw XBC =
(c) Draw perpendicular bisector PQ of line segment BC.
(d) Let A and D be the points where PQ intersects the ray BX and side BC respectively.
(e) Join AC.
Thus ABC is the required equilateral triangle.
Justification:
In right triangle ADB and right triangle ADC,
AD = AD [Common]
ADB = ADC = [By construction]
BD = CD [By construction]
ADB ADC [By SAS congruency]
B = C = [By CPCT]
A = ( B + C)
7
= = =
A = B = C =
ABC is an equilateral triangle.
4. Construct a triangle ABC in which BC = 7 cm, B = and AB + AC = 13 cm.
Ans. Given : Base BC = 7 cm, B = and sum of two sides AB + AC = 13 cm.
To construct : A triangle ABC.
(b) At B, construct YBX= .
(c) With B as centre and radius = 13 cm ( AB + AC = 13 cm) draw an arc to meet BY at D.
(d) Join CD.
(e) Draw perpendicular bisector PQ of CD intersecting BD at A.
(f) Join AC.
Then ABC is required triangle.
Justification:
A lies on perpendicular bisector of CD.
8
AC = AD
And AB = BD – AD
AB = BD – AC
AB + AC = BD = 13 cm
5. Construct a triangle XYZ in which Y = Z = and XY + YZ + ZX = 11 cm.
Ans. Given: Base angles Y = and Z = and XY + YZ + ZX = 11 cm.
To construct: XYZ
9
(a) Draw a line segment PQ = 11 cm.
(b) Draw KPQ = and LQP =
(c) Bisect the KPQ and LQP. Let these intersect at point X.
(d) Draw perpendicular bisectors, MN of PX and RS of XQ.
(e) Let MN intersects PQ at Y and RS intersects PQ at Z.
(f) Join XY and XZ.
Then XYZ is the required triangle.
Justification:
Y lies on perpendicular bisector MN of PX.
PY = XY and similarly QZ = XZ
This gives XY + YZ + XZ = PY + YZ + QZ = PQ = 11 cm
Again YXP = XPY [Since XY = PY]
XYZ = YXP + XPY = 2 XPY = KPQ
XYZ =
Similarly, XZY = LQP
XZY =
6. Construct a right triangle whose base is 12 cm and sum of its hypotenuse and other
side is 18 cm.
Ans. Given: Base BC = 12 cm and AB + AC = 18 cm.
To construct: A right angled triangle ABC right angled at B.
10
(b) Draw an angle XBY =
(c) From BY cut off a line segment BD = 18 cm.
(d) Join CD.
(e) Draw the perpendicular bisector of CD intersecting BD at A.
(f) Join AC.
Then ABC is the required right angled triangle.
Justification:
A lies on the perpendicular bisector of CD.
AC = AD
And then AB = BD – AD
AB = BD – AC
AB + AC = BD = 18 cm.
7. Construct the angle of the measurement
11
(1) Draw any ray OA
(2) With O as centre and any convenient radius draw an arc intersecting OA at P
(3) With P as a centre and the same radius as above draw an arc intersecting previous radius
at Q
(4) Again taking Q as a centre and arc of same radius draw another arc intersecting previous
arc at R.
(5) Again with R and Q as a centre and radius more than QR draw two arcs intersecting
each other at S
(6) Draw Ray OX.
Then
8. Construct equilateral triangle whose side is 4cm
Ans. Steps of Construction:
(1) Draw a ray OX
12
(2) Taking O as a centre draw an arc of radius 4cm which cut OX at A.
(3) Now taking O and A as a centre now draw two arcs with radius of 4 cm which intersect
each other at B
(4) Join OB and AB
(5) is required triangle
9. Construct the Perpendicular bisector of line segment of length 12.5cm
(1) Draw a line segment of length 12.5cm
(2) Taking A as a centre and arc of radius more than draw both sides of AB
(Again taking B as a centre and arc of previous radius draw both sides of AB which intersect
previous arcs at C and D
(Join CD. Which intersect AB at O.
(Point O bisects AB.
10. Construct an angle of
13
(1) Draw ray OX
(2) Draw
(3) Bisect
(4)
(5) Now bisect angle
(6) is required angle
11. Construct an equilateral triangle of each sides 5.6cm
(1) Draw AB = 5.6cm
(2) Draw
14
(3) Taking A as centre draw an arc of radius
5.6cm which intersect AX at point C
(4) Join BC
(5) is required equilateral
12. Construct perpendicular bisector of line segment of side 6.5cm
Ans. Step of construction:
(1) Draw line segment AB = 6.5cm
(2) Taking A as a centre and draw two arcs of radius more then on both sides of AB.
(3) Again taking B as a centre and draw arcs of same radius which intersect previous arcs at
point C and D.
(4) Join CD, CD is perpendicular bisector of AB.
Ans. Steps of construction
(1) Draw ray OA
(2) Taking X as a centre draw an arc of any radius which intersects OA at point X
15
(3) Taking X as a centre draw two arcs of same radius which intersect previous arcs at point
R and Q.
(4) Bisect QR
(5)
(6) Now, bisect PQ and Join OC
(7)
14. Construct an angle of at initial Point of the given ray and justify the
construction
(1) Draw ray OA of any length
(2) Draw
(3) Bisect angle
(4) is required angle and
16
15. Construct the angle of
(1) Draw a ray OA
(2) Taking P as centre draw an arc of any radius which intersect OA at point P
(3) Now take P as a centre draw an arc of same radius which intersect previous arc at point Q
(4) Now taking P and Q as a centre draw arcs of same radius which intersects each other at R.
(5) Now bisect
(6)
16. Construct an equilateral triangle whose each side is 4.5cm
(1) Draw a ray OX
(2) Taking O as centre draw an arc of radius 4.5cm which cut OX at A
(3) Now taking O and A as a centre draw two arcs which intersect each other at B.
(4) Join OB and AB
17
17. Construct an angle of at the initial point of a ray and Justify your construction
(1) Draw ray OX
(2) Taking O as a centre draw and arc of any radius which intersect OX at point P
(3) Taking P as a centre draw an arc of same radius which intersect previous radius at Q
(4) Now taking P and Q as a centre draw arcs which intersect each other at point R
(5) Join OR
(6)
18. Construct a line segment of length 5.5cm and bisect it.
18
(2) Taking A as a centre draw arc of radius more than on both sides of AB
(3) Taking B as a centre draw arc equal to previous radius which intersects previous arcs at
point C and D
(4) Join CD which intersects AB at point O.
(5) Point O is bisector of AB.
19. Construct an equilateral triangle whose each side is 4.9cm
(2) Taking A as a centre draw an arc of radius 4.9cm
(3) Taking B as a centre draw an arc of radius 4.9cm which intersect previous arc at point C
(4) Join AC and BC
19
(1) Draw ray OA
(2) Taking O as a centre draw an arc of any radius which intersect ray OA at point P.
(3) Now taking P as a centre draw arcs of same radius which intersect previous arc at point
Q, R and S respectively
(4) Now taking R and S as a centre draw arcs of same radius which intersect each other at
point T.
(5) Join OT
(6)
21. Construct perpendicular bisector of line segment 8cm
(1) Draw a line segment AB = 8cm
(2) Taking A as a centre draw arcs of radius more on both side of AB.
(3) Taking B as a centre draw arcs of same radius on both sides of AB which intersect
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previous arcs at point C and D.
(4) Join CD which intersect AB at point O
(5) OA = OB = 4cm
22. Construct an angle of at the initial point of a given ray and bisect it.
(1) Draw ray OA
(2) Taking O as a centre draw an arc of any radius which intersects OA at point P
(3) Now taking P as a centre draw an arc of same radius which intersect previous are at point
Q
(4)
(5) Taking P and Q as a centre draw arcs of same radius which intersect each other at point R
(6) Join OR, OR bisects
(7)
21
(1) Draw ray AB
(2) Taking A as a centre draw an arc of any radius which intersects AB at point P
(3) Taking P as a centre draw an arc of same radius which intersect previous arc at point Q
(4) Now taking P and Q as a centre draw two arcs of same radius which intersects each other
at point R.
(5)
(6) Bisect
(7) is bisector of then
(1) Draw ray OA
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(2) Taking O as a centre draw an arc of any radius which intersects OA at point B
(3) Taking B as a centre draw two arcs of same radius which intersect previous arc at point C
and D
(4) Now taking C and D as a centre draw two arcs of same radius which intersect previous
arc at point E
(5) Bisect
(6)
25. Construct an equilateral triangle of side 5cm
(1) Draw a line segment AB = 5cm
(2) Taking A as a centre draw an arc of radius 5cm
(3) Taking B as a centre draw an arc of same radius which intersect previous arc at point C
(4) Joint BC
(5) Triangle ABC is required triangle
26. Draw a line segment of length 4.5cm and bisect it
23
(1) Draw a line segment AB = 4.5cm
(2) Taking A as a centre draw an arc of radius more then
(3) Taking B as a centre draw another arc of same radius. Which intersect previous arc at
point C and D
(4) Join CD
(5) CD bisect AB at point O
27. Construct a whose all angles are each
(1) Take a line segment AB of any length
(2) Taking A and B as a centre draw an arc of any radius. Which intersect AB at point P and
Q.
24
(3) Taking P and Q as a centre draw an arc of same radius which intersect previous arc at
point R and S
(4) Join AR and BS which intersect each other at point C
(5) Triangle ABC is required triangle
28. Draw a line segment of length 12.6cm bisect it and measure each part
(1) Draw a line segment AB = 12.6cm
(2) Taking A as a centre draw an arc of radius more than
(3) Taking B as a centre draw an arc of same radius which intersect previous arc at point C
and D
(4) Join CD
(5) CD bisect AB at point O
(6) AO = OB = 6.3cm
29. Construct an angle of and bisect it and measure each angle
25
(1) Take a ray OA
(2) Taking O as a centre draw an arc of any radius which intersects OA at point P.
(3) Taking P as a centre draw arc of same radius which intersect previous arc at point Q
(4) Join OQ and expand to Y

(5) Bisect
(6) Ray OX bisect
(7)
30. Construct an angle of whose initial point is given ray.
(1) Draw a ray OA
(2) Taking O as a centre draw an arc of any radius which intersects OA at point P.
(3) Taking P as a centre draw an arc of same radius which intersect previous arc at point Q
(4) Bisect
(5) is bisector of
(6)
26
Important Questions
Chapter 11
Constructions
4 Marks Quetions
1. Construct the angles of the following measurements:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Ans. (i) Steps of construction:
(a) Draw a ray OA.
(b) With O as centre and a suitable radius, draw an arc LM that cuts OA at L.
(c) With L as centre and radius OL, draw an arc to cut LM at N.
(d) Join O and N draw ray OB. Then AOB =
(e) With L as centre and radius greater than LN, draw an arc.
(f) Now with N as centre and same radius as in step 5, draw another arc cutting the arc
27
drawn in step 5 at P.
(g) Join O and P and draw ray OC

Thus OC bisects AOB and therefore AOC = BOC =
(ii) Steps of construction:
(a) Draw a ray OA.
AOB = BOC =
(f) Now we have to bisect BOC. For this, with P as centre and radius greater than PQ
draw an arc.
(h) Join O and R and draw ray OD. Then AOD is the required angle of
(i) With L as centre and radius greater than LS, draw an arc.
(j) Now with S as centre and the same radius as in step 2, draw another arc cutting the arc
28
draw in step 2 at T.
(k) Join O and T and draw ray OE. Thus OE bisects AOD and therefore AOE = DOE =
.
(l) Let ray OE intersect the arc of circle at N.
(m) Now with L as centre and radius greater than LN, draw an arc.
(n) With N as centre and same radius as in above step and draw another arc cutting arc
drawn in above step at I.
(o) Join O and I and draw ray OF. Thus OF bisects AOE and therefore AOF = EOF=
(iii) Steps of construction:
(a) Draw a ray OA.
(b) With O as centre and a suitable radius, draw an arc LM that cuts OA at L.
(c) With L as centre and radius OL, draw an arc to cut LM at N.
(d) Join O and N draw ray OB. Then AOB =
(e) With L as centre and radius greater than LN, draw an arc.
29
(f) Now with N as centre and same radius as in step 5, draw another arc cutting the arc
drawn in step 5 at P.
(g) Join O and P and draw ray OC. Thus OC bisects AOB and therefore AOC = BOC =
.
(h) Let ray OC intersects the arc of circle at point Q.
(i) Now with L as centre and radius greater than LQ; draw an arc.
(j) With Q as centre and same radius as in above step, draw another arc cutting the arc
shown in above step at R.
(k) Join O and R and draw ray OS.
Thus OS bisects AOC and therefore COS = AOS =
2. Construct the following angles and verify by measuring them by a protector:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Ans. (i) Step of construction of
(a) Draw ABE = and ABF = . [ Follow the same steps as done in Question 1 and
Question 3 (i)]
30
(b) Let ray BF intersects the arc of circle at G.
(c) Now with M as centre and radius greater than MG draw an arc.
(d) With G as centre and with same radius as in step (c), draw an arc which intersects the
previous arc at point H.
(e) Draw a ray BC passing through H which bisects EBF.
Thus ABC = is the required angle.
Justification:
EBF = ABF – ABE
Now EBF = CBF = EBF
= [ BC is the bisector of EBF]
ABC = ABE + EBC
(ii) Steps of construction of
(a) Draw ABE = and ABF =
(b) Let ray BE intersects the arc of circle at M and ray BF intersects the arc of circle N.
31
(c) With point M as centre and radius greater than MN, draw an arc.
(d) With N as centre and with same radius as in step (c), draw another arc which intersects
the previous arc at P.
(e) Draw a ray BC passing through P which bisects EBF.
Thus ABC = is the required angle.
Justification:
EBF = ABF – ABE
Now EBC = CBF
= EBF = [ BC is the bisector of EBF]
ABC = ABE + EBC
(iii) Steps of construction of
(a) Draw a ray OA.
(b) With O as centre and convenient radius, draw an arc LM (having length more than the
semicircle) cutting OA at L.
32
(c) Now with L as centre and radius = OL; draw an arc cutting the arc LM at P.
(d) Then taking P as centre and radius OL, draw an arc cutting arc PM at Q.
(e) Now bisect POQ by ray OB, we get AOB =
(f) Now taking Q as centre and radius OL, draw an arc cutting QM at N.
(g) Join O and N to draw the ray OC.
Thus we get AOC =
BOC = AOB =
(h) Now bisect BOC by ray OD.
Then AOD is the required angle of
AOD = AOB + BOD =
3. Construct a triangle ABC in which BC = 7cm and AB+AC=9cm.

(1) Draw BC = 7cm
(2) Draw
33
(3) Cut a line segment BD = 9cm
(4) Join DC and make
(5) Let CY intersect BX at A
(6) Triangle ABC is required triangle.
4. Construct a triangle XYZ in which and

(1) Draw line segment PQ = 11cm
(2) At P construct an angle and at Q an angle
(3) Bisect these angles. Let the bisectors of these angles intersect each other at point X.
(4) Draw perpendicular bisector DE of PX and FG of XQ intersect PQ at point Y and Z

respectively.
(5) Join XY and XZ
(6) XYZ is required triangle.
5. Construct a triangle of ABC in which BC = 8cm .
34
(1) Draw line segment AB = 8cm
(2) Construct
(3) Taking B as a centre draw an arc of radius 3.5 cm which intersect at point D
(4) Join DC
(5) Draw perpendicular bisector of DC which intersect BY at point A
(6) Join AC
(7) is required triangle.
6. Construct a right triangle whose base is 12cm and sum of its hypotenuse and other
side is 18cm.
35
(1) Draw line segment AB = 12cm
(2) Construct
(3) Draw AD = 18cm
(4) Construct by intersecting AD at point C
(5) is required right triangle.
7. Construct a triangle PQR in which QR=6cm

(1) Draw line segment QR = 6cm
36
(2) Cut line segment QD =PR-PQ= 2cm from line x extended on opposite side of line segment
QR
(3) Join DR and draw the perpendicular bisector say MN of DR
(4) Let MN bisect DX at point P. join PR
(5) PQR is required triangle.
8. Construct a triangle ABC, in which and

(1) Draw a line segment
(2) At P construct an angle of and at Q an angle of
(3) Bisects these angles let bisectors of these intersect at point A
(4) Draw perpendicular bisectors DE of AP to intersect PQ at B and FG of AQ to intersect PQ

at C.
(5) Join AB and AC Then ABC is required triangle.
37
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1. Construct a triangle ABC in which BC = 8 cm, B = and AB – AC = 3.5 cm.

Ans. Given: Base BC = 8 cm, One Base angle B = and AB – AC = 3.5 cm

To construct: A triangle ABC.

(b) Cut YBC =

(c) Cut off a line segment BD = 3.5 cm

( AB – AC = 3.5 cm) from BY.

(d) Join CD.

(e) Draw perpendicular bisector PQ of CD intersecting BY at a point A.

(f) Join AC.

Then ABC is the required triangle.

A lies on the perpendicular bisector of CD.

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Ans. Given: Base QR = 6 cm, one base angle Q = and PR – PQ = 2 cm.

To construct: A triangle PQR.

(c) Cut off a line segment QO = 2 cm ( PR – PQ = 2 cm) from QY’.

(d) Join OR.

(e) Draw perpendicular bisector MN of OR.

(f) Join PR.

Then PQR is the required triangle.

Ans. Steps of construction:

(b) With O as centre and convenient radius, draw an arc LM cutting OA at L.

(h) Join O and R and draw ray OD.

Then AOD is the required angle of 90o

Join PL, then OL = OP = PL [by construction]

Now join QP, then OP = OQ = PQ [ by construction]

Therefore OQP is an equilateral triangle.

POQ which is same as BOC is equal to

By construction OD is bisector of BOC.

DOC = DOB = BOC =

Now, DOA = BOA + DOB DOA =

Ans. Steps of construction:

(a) Draw a ray OA.

(b) With O as centre and convenient radius, draw an arc LM cutting OA at L.

(k) Join O and T and draw ray OE.

Join LS then OLS is isosceles right triangle, right angled at O.

Therefore O lies on the perpendicular bisector of SL.

And OFS = OFL [Each ]

Now in OFS and OFL,

OFS OFL [By SSS rule]

SOF = LOF [By CPCT]

Now SOF + LOF = SOL

Ans. Steps of construction:

(b) At B draw XBC =

(c) Draw perpendicular bisector PQ of line segment BC.

(e) Join AC.

Thus ABC is the required equilateral triangle.

In right triangle ADB and right triangle ADC,

ADB = ADC = [By construction]

ADB ADC [By SAS congruency]

ABC is an equilateral triangle.

4. Construct a triangle ABC in which BC = 7 cm, B = and AB + AC = 13 cm.

Ans. Given : Base BC = 7 cm, B = and sum of two sides AB + AC = 13 cm.

To construct : A triangle ABC.

(b) At B, construct YBX= .

(c) With B as centre and radius = 13 cm ( AB + AC = 13 cm) draw an arc to meet BY at D.