Reading

Read the following text and answer the questions that follow:
Social Networks
Do the names MySpace, Facebook, Orkut, etc. ring a bell? They probably do because they are
some of the most popular sites on the internet today. These sites are all called 'social
networking' sites because they help people meet and discuss things online. Each of these social
networking sites has its own strengths: MySpace is especially popular among teenagers,
Facebook is popular with college age people, Orkut is especially loved in Brazil, and CyWorld
is the site to visit in South Korea. The common thread between all of these social networks is
that they provide a place for people to interact, rather than a place to go to read or listen to
'content'.

Web 2.0
Social networks are considered to be web 2.0. What does this mean? To understand this, it's
important to understand what the original web did (often called web 1.0). Back in the nineties,
the internet - or web - was a place to go to read articles, listen to music, get information, etc.
Most people didn't contribute to the sites. They just 'browsed' the sites and took advantage of
the information or resources provided. Of course, some people did create their own sites.
However, creating a site was difficult. You needed to know basic HTML coding (the original
language the internet uses to 'code' pages). It certainly wasn't something most people wanted
to do as it could take hours to get a basic page just right. Things began to get easier when blogs
(from web log) were introduced. With blogs, many more people began writing 'posts', as well
as commenting on other people's blogs.

MySpace Surprises Everybody

In 2003, a site named MySpace took the internet by storm. It was trying to mimic the most
popular features of Friendster, the first social networking site. It quickly became popular
among young users and the rest was history. Soon everyone was trying to develop a social
networking site. The sites didn't provide 'content' to people, they helped people create,
communicate and share what they loved including music, images and videos. The key to the
success of these sites is that they provide a platform on which users create the content. This is
very different from the beginning of the internet which focused on providing 'content' for
people to enjoy.

Key to Success
Relying on users to create content is the key to the success of web 2.0 companies. Besides the
social networking sites discussed here, other huge success stories include: Wikipedia,
Digg.com and the latest success - Twitter. All of these companies rely on the desire of users
to communicate with each other, thereby creating the 'content' that others want to consume.
Comprehension questions:

1. Which social networking site was not mentioned in the reading?

A. MySpace B. Linkedln C. Facebook

2. What is Facebook?
A. A blog B. A content site C. A social networking site

3. Where is Orkut especially popular?

A. In Japan B. In South Korea C. In Brazil

4. Which phrase best describes what people do at social networking sites?

A. They interact with other people. B. They browse articles and other content.
C. They code pages in HTML.

5. Social networks are considered:

A. Web 1.0 sites B. Web 2.0 sites C. Web blogs

6. What was the original web mainly used for?

A. Interacting with other people B. Browsing content C. Creating pages in HTML

7. Why didn't many people create web pages in the beginning?

A. They didn't like communicating with others.
B. They didn't feel comfortable coding HTML pages.
C. They didn't know they could create web pages.

8. Which is the best description of web 2.0 sites?

A. They are content driven sites. B. They are platforms for interaction.
C. They are like blogs, but better.

9. What do web 2.0 sites rely on?

A. Articles written by professional journalists B. Users creating content
C. Fast internet connections

10.What is most important for these new sites?

A. Users' desire to communicate with each other
B. Users' desire to learn coding
C. Users' desire to read interesting content written by professionals
Read the following passage then answer questions that follow:

My name is Pedro, I'm from Brazil, I work as an English teacher. What I used to do when I was
younger to learn English was to use films and television programs - one of my favorite programs
was Prime Suspect, a British series.

The reason I used films to learn English is that films are very cultural, and they help you to learn
lots of things that are a part of the cultural aspect of the language. So, I think it is very difficult
to separate language and culture because they go together and it's very difficult for second
language speakers to understand the cultural side of the English language used by native
speakers, English speakers from countries like Australia, New Zealand and Britain or America.

I think that one of the reasons why I really enjoyed watching films was because I wanted to
focus on the way that they said things; the intonation and the way that they pronounced certain
words and also expressions that they used. I used to observe their body language as well, their
facial expressions and the way that they looked. For example, the Americans use lots of gestures
when they're talking and I like watching films because they help me to learn new words, new
expressions, new idiomatic expressions, new colloquialisms and lots of things that are very
cultural.

I think because that helped me a lot when I first started learning English, I thought that I could
do something similar with my students. As a teacher, I thought that using films would be a very
good idea because I would bring the cultural aspect to their learning process. And what I have
recently was to design a course for higher level students at the university that I work for - they
have to watch television programs, documentaries and films from English speaking countries
like America, England, New Zealand and Australia and we do discuss lots of things that are
said. We also compare things that are said on this particular movie and it's difference on another
movie. Students need to see that the culture influences people so when they watch American
programs they say .. oh but they use that word and why don't they use that other word .. and I
say oh well because they are not English.

We look at the levels of formality. Students also need to be able to understand that, because
they don't want to sound rude if they are, for example, talking to an English speaker and then if
they use the wrong intonation they may not get the message across or they might just sound
inappropriate. So, by focusing on the films, they learn how to communicate better with English
speakers. So, when you're learning a second language like English for example, you need to
learn the culture because that will help you to learn a lot of what is behind what people are
saying. Language and culture cannot be separated, they go together. Language is culture , and
culture is language, so it's very important to highlight that they cannot be separated.
II. Reading comprehension: Comprehension questions:

11.The speaker is from:

A. Brazil. B. Brussels. C. Bahrain. D. Bulgaria.

12.To help him when he was learning English, he said he used to use:
A. news programs and newspapers. B. films and books.
C. television programs and films. D. films and videos.

13.The speaker believes that:

A. language and culture are separate.
B. language and culture should not be taught together.
C. learning cultural aspects of a language is too difficult for second language speakers.
D. Language and culture go together.

14.The speaker liked watching films because they helped him to:
A. understand things like the correct distance to stand from people when speaking.
B. learn new words and phrases.
C. use the correct gestures when speaking.
D. practice his listening without having to travel overseas.

15.As a teacher, he now:

A. uses British documentaries and television series with his classes.
B. uses films and television programs with all the different levels of classes he teaches.
C. asks his students to watch, compare and discuss films, documentaries and
television programs.
D. uses films, documentaries and television programs from North American countries.

16.In the speaker's classes, students are also asked to focus on:
A. learning different levels of formality.
B. the difference in regional accents.
C. the difference in accent between English speaking countries in general.
D. when not to use "inappropriate" or swear words.
 Vocabulary
II. Choose the correct phrases/ multi-word forms:
1. To learn something new or useful through practice or from someone is to ( A. connect with B. pick
up C. straight out of D. listen in ) a skill rather than to be taught it.

2. To be new or go somewhere from another place without interruption is to have come ( A. connect
with B. pick up C. straight out of D. listen in )somewhere.

3. If you feel you are related to or understand someone, you ( A. connect with B. pick up C. get over
D. listen in ) them.
4. To secretly listen to a conversation or hear others' conversations is to ( A. connect with B. pick up C.
get over D. listen in ) on them.
5. To feel better after being unwell is to ( A. connect with B. pick up C. get over D. listen in )
something, to be cured.
1. Choose the appropriate vocabulary word:
6. The ( A. Problem B. Is hooked up C. FBI D. Machine) helped us to discover the criminal.
7. Our ( A. Problem B. Is hooked up C. FBI D. Machine) cannot be solved.
8. The flash memory ( A. Problem B. Is hooked up C. Information D. Machine) to the computer.
9. We can find a lot of ( A. Problem B. Is hooked up C. Information D. Machine) in encyclopaedias.
10.The microwave is an electric ( A. Problem B. Is hooked up C. Information D. Machine) that
generates heat within the food.

A) Choose the appropriate vocabulary word:

11.He was looking for a (A. Appropriate B. Part time C. Customer D. Licensed) job because he
didn't have enough time.
12.Mrs. Wilson is one of our regular (A. Appropriate B. Part time C. Customer D. Licensed) in this
company.
13.I didn't think his comments were very (A. Appropriate B. Part time C. Customer D. Licensed) at
the time.
14.You are (A. Appropriate B. Part time C. Customer D. Licensed) by law to stop your car after an
accident.
15.I don't like to teach (A. Appropriate B. Required C. Kindergarten D. Licensed) students because
they are emotionally attached to their parents.

16.Several companies have been (A. Appropriate B. Required C. Kindergarten D. Licensed) to sell
these products.
 Grammar

Fill in the blank with the simple past tense form:

17. I (A. call B. called C. has called D. have called) Roger at nine last night.

18.My brother and sister (A. argue B. argued C. has argued D. have argued) about
something Two weeks ago.

19.I really (A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. has enjoyed D. have enjoyed) my vacation last January.

20.My teacher (A. have B. had C. has had D. have had) a car accident yesterday.

21.Ten years ago, the government (A. decide B. decided C. has decided D. have decided) to
begin a food program.

Use the correct tense:

22.Ali (A. goes B. went C. going D. gone ) to a party at Sally’s apartment last night.

23.Bill (A. arrived B. is arriving C. has arrived D. have arrived) here three days ago.

24.Last Saturday, I (A. see B. saw C. has seen D. have seen) snow for the first time.

25.So far this week, I (A. had B. is having C. has had D. had had) two tests and a quiz.

26.24. My daughter (A. is finishing B. finished C. has finished D. had finished) her
homework few minutes ago.
Choose the correct tag to finish the sentence.

27.Teresa is an accountant, …………………………

A. Aren't she? B. Doesn't she? C. Isn't she? D. She isn't?

28.I am a good worker, …………………………

A. I am? B. Do i? C. Amn't i? D. Aren't i?

29.Pierre is a grandfather, ………………………………………

A. Isn't he? B. He is? C. Doesn't she? D. He isn't?

30.Kate is a doctor, ………………………………………

A. She is? B. Is she? C. Isn't she? D. Doesn't she?

31.Jacques and Alicia are students, ……………………………………

A. Aren't they? B. Are they? C. We aren't? D. Aren't you?

32.Mario is at work right now, ………………………………

A. Aren't they? B. Isn't he? C. Is he? D. Isn't she?

33.I'm here, ……………………………………

A. Am I not? B. Am not i? C. Amn't I ? D. Aren't you?

34.You and I are busy right now, ………………………….

A. Aren't I? B. Aren't we? C. We aren't? D. Aren't you?

35.It's windy today, …………………………………

A. Am I? B. Aren't they? C. Isn't it? D. Isn't he?

36.I am ready for the next exercise, …………………………………

A. Isn't it? B. Don't i? C. Aren't you? D. Aren't i?
Choose the appropriate conditional word:
37.(A. if B. when C. Unless D. while) I am late to work, my boss gets very angry. That is why
I am always on time.

38.(A. if B. when C. Unless D. while) I leave work, I usually go to the fitness center to work
out.

39.(A. if B. when C. Unless D. while) he eats, he tries to choose healthy foods.

40.His car is very reliable, and he rarely has any trouble with it. But he has had a couple of
difficulties in the past (A. if B. when C. Unless D. while) his car breaks down or he has
any problems, he calls the auto club.

41.His car is terrible! It always breaks down (A. if B. when C. Unless D. while) his car breaks
down or he has any problems, he calls the auto club.

42.Mary gets six weeks paid vacation a year. She loves to travel (A. if B. when C. Unless D.
while) she goes on vacation, she always goes somewhere exotic.

43.Diane works harder than anyone I know. I don't think she has taken a day off in three years.
But she does really love to travel (A. if B. when C. Unless D. while) she goes on vacation,
she goes somewhere exotic.

44. He loves going to the movies (A. if B. when C. Unless D. while) he goes to the movies,
he always gets a large popcorn with tons of butter.

45.She hates TV. She thinks television is a waste of time (A. if B. when C. Unless D. while)
she watches any television at all, it is usually a documentary or a news program.

46.My friend always keeps in touch by mail (A. if B. when C. Unless D. while) I get a letter;
I usually write back immediately.
Choose the correct conditional form of the verb.
47.What would you do if it (A. rains B. rain C. raining D. rained) on your wedding day?

48.If she comes, I (A. will B. would C. am D. must) call you.

49.If I eat peanut butter, I (A. will get B. would get C. am getting D. must get) Sick.

50.What will you do if you (A. fails B. fail C. failing D. failed) the history exam?

51.If they (A. takes B. take C. taking D. took) the car, I would have driven you.

52.If it snows, (A. will B. would C. am D. must) still drive to the coast?

53.He (A. goes B. went C. going D. gone ) with you if you asked him.

54.If I won a million dollars, I (A. will B. would C. am D. must) buy my own airplane.

55.If I forget her birthday, Andrea (A. will get B. would get C. gets D. got) upset.

56.Jacob will pick you up at school if it (A. rains B. rain C. raining D. rained).

II. Choose the correct form of the second verb (gerund or infinitive):
57.Mary stopped (A. to smoke B. is smoking C. smoking D. to be smoking)
58.Yoko wanted (A. to go B. is going C. going D. to be going) abroad
59.Her mother suggested (A. to go B. is going C. going D. to be going) to Canada
60.She decided (A. to visit B. is visiting C. visiting D. to be visiting) BC
61.She considered (A. to study B. is studying C. studying D. to be studying) in Vancouver
62.However, she hated (A. to live B. is living C. living D. to be living) in big cities
63.Finally, she chose (A. to go B. is going C. going D. to be going) to Victoria
II. Choose the correct tense:

64.Your concentration (A. will be B. is going to be C. was D. is) increased by chocolate.

65.Our memory (A. will be B. is going to be C. was D. is) enhanced by chocolate.

66. Your immune system (A. will be B. is going to be C. had been D. is) strengthened by

chocolate.

67.A piece of chocolate (A. will be B. is going to be C. was D. is) eaten by me

68.The delicious chocolate (A. will be B. is going to be C. had been D. is) eaten by Elvis.
 Writing:
Arrange the following sentences to compose a paragraph:
69.First Paragraph:
1. Since human nutrition is complex, a healthy diet may vary widely, and is subject to an
individual's genetic makeup, environment, and health, but the question that always comes to
mind is:
2. This usually involves consuming nutrients by eating the appropriate amounts from all of the
food groups, including an adequate amount of water.
3. A healthy diet is one that is arrived at with the intent of improving or maintaining optimal health.
4. Is there a perfect diet?

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,3,1 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,3,4,1

85.Second Paragraph:
1. Boys need more calories than girls, adults need more calories than children, and manual workers
need much more calories than office workers.
2. This is called the ‘resting metabolic rate’.
3. For these activities, most people need about 900 calories a day, but this varies according to sex,
age and occupation.
4. Our body also needs a certain amount of energy to breathe, make our hearts beat and drive all
those chemical reactions which keep us alive.

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,3,1 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,3,4,1

86.Third Paragraph:
1. Someone on a well-planned diet containing low-energy food could lose two pounds or more a
week.
2. The first method, on its own, is not always very effective.
3. If a man plays tennis for half an hour, he uses about 700 calories.
4. The second method can be effective if carried out sensibly.

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,3,1 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,3,4,1

 87.Fourth Paragraph:
1. Finally, you could get the calcium you need from skimmed milk or low fat yoghurt.
2. You should cut down on saturated fat and sugary food.
3. Also, drink plenty of fluids, such as tea, coffee or water.
4. What is most important in following a low-calorie diet, is to ensure that it is balanced.

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,3,1 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,3,4,1

88.Fifth Paragraph:
1. Until now, many cultures have regarded it as an icon of love, and compassion.
2. Chocolate isn't simply a snack or key ingredient in cooking.
3. Moreover, many experiments show that chocolate instills strength, and passion.
4. Many cultures consider chocolate as a sacred symbol in religious ceremonies.

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,3,1 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,4,1,3

89.Sixth Paragraph:
1. Chocolate-making companies buy these seeds which are crushed, mixed, rolled, and molded in
machines to make candy bars.
2. How is chocolate made?
3. These bars combine cocoa solids, fats (like cocoa butter) and sugar.
4. Chocolate is made from the seeds of the cocoa tree.

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,3,1 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,4,1,3

90.Seventh Paragraph:
1. Someone sent a computer virus to a lot of computers.
2. It handles a lot of information.
3. Many places use computers to help them work better.
4. A computer is a machine.

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,1,3 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,4,1,3

 91.Eighth Paragraph:

It was set to turn on by itself.

Someone made the virus and sent it to other computers.
When it did, many computers around the world began to have problems.
A computer virus is a set of bad instructions written just to hurt computers.

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,1,3 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,4,1,3

92.Nineth Paragraph:
1. Several computer projects were in trouble.
2. Many computers started filling up with a lot of useless information.
3. When the virus is turned on, it makes the computer do things it is not supposed to
do.
4. One project that will have to be stopped has already spent millions of dollars.

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,1,3 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,4,1,3

93.Tenth Paragraph:
1. The virus was spread by having computers share information with each other.
2. People started turning off their computers.
3. Once in the computer, it takes over and tells the computer to do harmful things.
4. Others stopped their computers from being hooked up to other computers.

A- 4,2,3,1 B-4,2,1,3 C- 3,2,1,4 D- 2,4,1,3

Translation
Choose the correct translation:

"‫"إن مدينة القدس مدينة للقداسة و اإليمان منذ نشأتها‬ .94

The previous Arabic sentence can be translated into English as:

A. Jerusalem is a city for Holiness and faith since its inception

B. Jerusalem is a city of religiousness and belief since its appearance.
C. Jerusalem is a city of holiness and faith since its emergence.
D. Jerusalem is a city for Godliness and conviction since its commencement.

"‫"تعلقت بالقدس قلوب الناس جميعا ً من المتدينين ياألديان كافة‬ .95

The previous Arabic sentence can be translated into English as:

A. Jerusalem captivated the hearts of the religious people.

B. Jerusalem was in the hearts of all people of different religions.
C. Jerusalem charmed the hearts of the people of different religions.
D. The hearts of all religious people are attached to Jerusalem.

‫ "ال يجوز ألحد من الخلق اإلدعاء بملكية القدس أو نسبتها لشخصية دينية أو تاريخية مهما بلغت‬.96
"‫مكانتها‬
The previous Arabic sentence can be translated into English as:

A. It is not permissible for anyone to claim the ownership of Jerusalem or

attribute it to a religious or historical figure, regardless of his/her
importance.

B. It is not tolerable for anyone to privilege the possession of Jerusalem or point

it to a religious or historical figure, regardless of his/her importance.

C. Notably no man has the right to claim Jerusalem as his or her property or
attributed it to historical or religious celebrity.

D. No man has the right to privilege Jerusalem as his or her possession or

ascribed it to historical or religious celebrity.
‫ بل‬, ‫" لقد استغل اليهود وجود داود فى القدس وقتا ً يسيرا ً من الزمن أسوأ إستغالل‬ .97
" ‫تحدوا مشاعر الناس فى إدعاء نسيتها إليه‬

The previous Arabic sentence can be translated into English as:

A. Though the Jews had taken advantage of the presence of David, and
challenged the people’s feelings in the attributing Jerusalem to him.

B. Not only had the Jews badly taken advantage of David’s short stay in
Jerusalem, but they also defied people’s feelings by claiming that they
inherited this city from David.

C. Not only had the Jews severely taken benefit of David’s short presence in
Jerusalem, but they also defied people’s feelings by attributing it to him.

D. Though the Jews had taken benefit of the presence of David in Jerusalem,
and challenged the people’s feelings in the attaching Jerusalem to him.

‫ " لقد ذكر النبى الملك داود القدس كغيره من سائر األنبياء و لكن إختلف ذكره لها عن هؤالء‬.98
. " ‫بمعان من الحسرة و األسى‬
ٍ ‫األنبياء‬

The previous Arabic sentence can be translated into English as:

A. The prophet and the king, David, mentioned Jerusalem as other prophets
did, but his recall was different as he experienced deep sorrow and grief

B. The Prophet the King, David, who mentioned Jerusalem like all other
prophets, even though, his way of mentioning it was different from other
prophets.

C. The prophet and the king, David, mentioned Jerusalem as the rest of
prophets did, but his reminiscence was unique because he experienced
deep regret and pain

D. The royal Prophet, David, who mentioned Jerusalem similar to all other
prophets, even though, his way of declaring it was distinct from other
prophets.
 ."‫ صرخ داود معاهدا ً أنه لن ينسى القدس‬,‫ "أثناء محنته قبل و بعد ثورة ابنه ايشالوم عليه‬.99

The previous Arabic sentence can be translated into English as:

A. David pledged that Jerusalem will not be forgotten, this was at a time
when the plight of before and after the revolution of his son Absalom.

B. David pledged to keep the memory of Jerusalem forever. The recall

conveyed his ordeal before and after his son Absalom* revolted against
him.

C. David assured that Jerusalem will not be forgotten, this was at a time
when the predicament of before and after the uprising of his son
Absalom.

D. David guaranteed to maintain the memorial of Jerusalem indefinitely.

The memorial conveyed his suffering before and after his son Absalom*
rioted against him.

." ‫" اضطر داود إلى مغادرة القدس هاربا ً من وجه ابنه العاق ايشالوم‬ .100

The previous Arabic sentence can be translated into English as:

A. David was forced to leave Jerusalem and to run away from that
disobedient boy.

B. David was forced to leave Jerusalem at large for not seeing that
disobedient son.

C. David was pushed to leave Jerusalem and to run away from that naughty
boy.

D. David was compelled to leave Jerusalem at large for not seeing that
badly behaved son.