Calculus (Math 101) Final Exam Roll No _______________

16 October, 2004 Arif Zaman Page 1 of 3

Questions 1 and 2, are worth 5 points each. Just circle the correct answer, no explanation is needed.
In case of a mistake, CLEARLY indicate which ONE answer is correct.

1. lim
x →0
x
a. Does not exist because the absolute value function is discontinuous at x = 0.
b. Does not exist because the absolute value function is not defined at x = 0.
c. Does not exist because the absolute value function has no derivative at x = 0.
d. Exists because |0| = 0.
e. Exists because the xlim x = lim− (− x) = 0 .
→ 0+ x→ 0
Correct answer is e.
d
2. For the function f ( x) = x ⋅ x , the derivative f (x ) is
dx
a. 2x (except at x = 0, where it is undefined).
b. 2|x| (except at x = 0, where it is undefined).
2 x if x > 0

c. 0 if x < 0
undefined if x = 0

d. 2x.
e. 2|x|.
Correct answer is e. The derivative is defined at x=0.

Questions 3–9 are worth 5 points each. For each of these questions the following instructions apply
For some real number a:
If it is possible, say so and GIVE AN EXAMPLE.
If not possible, say so and EXPLAIN (BRIEFLY) WHY.

3. If a function f (x) is not defined at x = a, is it possible for f to be continuous at a?

No. Definition of continuous requires that the function be defined at a.
4. If a function f (x) is differentiable at x = a, is it possible for f to be discontinuous at a?
No. If a function has a derivative then it is continuous (p. 116 Theorem 1)
5. If a function f (x) has a limit at x = a, is it possible for f to be discontinuous at a?
Yes. Counter-example is f(x)=0 everywhere except f(a)=1. Then f is
discontinuous at a but limit as x->a exists and is 0.
6. If a function f (x) has a limit at x = a, is it possible for f to be undefined at a?
Yes. f(x)=(x–a)2/(x–a) [This is just the function x-a, but is undefined when x=a].
The limit as x-> a is 0, but the function is undefined at x=a.
7. If a function f (x) is continuous at x = a, is it possible for f to be non-differentiable at a?
Yes. f(x)=|x–a| is continuous, but has a corner at x=a, and so isn’t
differentiable.
8. If lim f ( x) = f (a ) , is it possible for f to be discontinuous at a?
x →a
No. The meaning of continuity is exactly that the limit as x->a of f(x) = f(a).
9. If f and g are continuous at a then is it possible that f ( g (a) ) is not continuous?

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Calculus (Math 101) Final Exam Roll No _______________
16 October, 2004 Arif Zaman Page 2 of 3

Yes. g has to be continuous at a, and f has to be continuous at g(a) to establish

continuity. Eg. f(x) = H(x) [the heaviside function] and g(x)=x-1. Both are
continuous at x=1. But f(g(x)) = H(x-1) is discontinuous at x=1.

Questions 10 is worth 5 points and 11–15 are worth 10 points each.

10. What is the second derivative of the product f (x) g (x)?
d
f ( x) g ( x) = f ′( x ) g ( x) + f ( x ) g ′( x) notice the placement of the ′ marks. It is not f(x)
dx
′.
d
[ f ′( x) g ( x) + f ( x) g ′( x)] = [ f ′′( x) g ′( x) + f ′( x) g ′( x)] + [ f ′( x) g ′( x) + f ( x) g ′′( x)]
dx
= [ f ′′( x) g ′( x ) + 2 f ′( x) g ′( x) + f ( x) g ′′( x)]
11. Given a function f about which the following information is known,
f (2) = 10, f (5) = 5, f (10) = 2,
f ′ (2) = 5, f ′ (5) = 10, f ′ (10) = 2,
compute the derivative of f ( f ( 2 ) ) and use clear notation to indicate your calculations.
Obviously I mean Show Work.
d
Chain Rule: f ( f ( 2 ) ) = f ′( f ( 2 ) ) f ′( 2 ) = f ′(10 ) ⋅ 5 = 2 ⋅ 5 = 10
dx
12. Suppose p(x) is some polynomial x0 + x1 + … + xn.
a. Find the value of p′(0). (Simplify your answer as far as possible.)
p ′( x) = 0 +1x 0 + 2 x1 + 3 x 2 + + nx n−1
p ' (0) = 0 +1 + 0 + 0 + + 0 = 1
b. Find the value of p′(1). (Simplify your answer as far as possible.)
( ) ( ) ( )
p ′(1) = 0 +1 10 + 2 11 + 3 12 + + n 1n −1 ( )
p ' (0) = 0 +1 + 2 + 3 + + n = n( n +1) / 2
sin x
13. Show that xlim ≠ 1 by finding a value for ε which provides a counter-example. Briefly
→∞ x
explain your answer.
sin(x) is always between -1 and 1. So sin(x)/x) is always between -1/x and +1/x.
For every ε>0, we are supposed to be able to find an N such that f(x) is close to
1 for all x>N. But if we pick ε=1/2, then for all x>3, f(x)=sin(x)/x ≤ 1/3. So |
f(x)–1| ≥ 2/3 > ε. So you can’t find any N, because for large values of x, f(x) is
always far from 1.
dy
14. For the equation y2 + x3 = 1, find .
dx
dy
Find all possible values for x, and when y = 3.
dx
dy dy 3x 2
2y + 3x 2 = 0 =−
dx which means dx 2 y . When y=3, 9 + x3 = 1, so x3 = –8, or x =
–2. At that location, dy/dx = (3 ∙ 8)/(2 ∙ 3) = 4.
15. A graph is shown below. Draw a graph of its derivative, trying to be accurate and careful of
details. You need not use rulers, or be excessively concerned about neatness, but the axes
should be labeled with tick marks, in a manner similar to the graph in the question. (No the
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Calculus (Math 101) Final Exam Roll No _______________
16 October, 2004 Arif Zaman Page 3 of 3

answer graph does not have to be in the same scale as the question graph).

Answer:
Note that the x and y axes are not on the same scale.
The answer on the right is the correct computer generated answer. I don’t
expect you to replicate it, but overall, there should be some correspondence of
the features. For example the signs of the slopes should be appropriate, etc.
This is a bonus question for 10 points. What that means is that the total is 110 points. If someone
gets more than 100 points, I will give them a 100.

16. I have a continuous function with f (0) = 1 and f (1) = 0. Prove that for some x between 0 and
1, f (x) = x.
Let g(x) = f(x) – x. Then g(0) = 1 and g(1) = –1. By the IVT, there must be some
point a between 0 and 1, where g(a) = 0. That means f(a) – a = 0. But that
means f(a) = a. QED.

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