DATE:

29 DECEMBER 2005

GROUP MEMBERS:
MOHD KHIRUDIN BIN ARSHAT
(AP3442)
SHAHFASAT BIN MD ZIN
(AM2672)
PURPOSE:
To study the behavior of an inductor as a time dependant voltage is applied.

EQUIPMENT:

1. Science Workshop 750 Interface System

2. Voltage sensor (CI-6503)
3. Data Studio Program (Installed)
4. RLC Network (CI-6512) – Inductor Coil , Iron Core, 10Ω Resistor
5. Patch Cords
6. Multimeter
7. LCR meter

PROCEDURE:
COMPUTER SETUP.
1. The Science Workshop interface is connected to the computer; interface is
turned on, and turns on the computer.
2. One Voltage Sensor is connected to Analog Channel A. This sensor will be
‘Voltage Sensor A’. Connect the second Voltage Sensor to Analog Channel B.
This sensor will be ‘Voltage Sensor B’. This sensor will be ‘Voltage Sensor B’.
3. Banana plug patch cord is connected into the ‘OUTPUT’ ports on the interface.
4. Open the document titled by following the procedure mentioned below :
• Double click at DataStudio icon from the desktop
• Double click at Open Activity
• Select DataStudio folder
• Double click at Library
• Double click at Physics
• Select P51 LR Circuit.DS
5. The DataStudio documents opens with a Signal Generator window. And a
Graph display of voltage versus time for the ‘Output’, the resistor, and the
inductor. The document also has a Workbook display. Read the instructions in
the Workbook.
6. If the Signal Generator doesn’t pop up, you can get it by following the
procedure below
• Click at the ‘Setup’ button on top of the DataStudio window.
• The list of Sensors will pop up.
• Double click at the ‘Signal Output’ at the end of the Sensor lists.
• The Signal Generator will come out.
7. The Signal Generator is set to output a ‘positive-only’ square wave at 3.00
volts and 50.00 Hz. The Signal Generator is set to ‘Auto’ so it will start and
stop automatically when you start and stop measuring data.
8. Data recording is set to automatically stop at 0.12 seconds.

SENSOR CALIBRATION AND EQUIPMENT SETUP

1. The iron core is put into the inductor coil on the RLC Network
 2. The circuit is constructed matched to the figure using the output from the
signal interface as the voltage source.

DATA RECORDING
1. A Multimeter is used to measure the resistance of the Inductor Coil on the
RLC Network. And then repeated on the 10 Ω resistor.
2. An LCR meter is used to measure the inductance of the inductor coil with
the iron core inside
3. Data is measured

ANALYZING THE DATA

1. The behavior of the current is studied by measuring the voltage across the
resistor (Channel B)
2. The time to get a half-max voltage is determined using the built in analysis
tools.
3. The inductive time constant is calculated based on the total resistance of
the circuit and the value of the inductance of the inductor coil with the iron
core.

QUESTION:

1. The voltage across the inductor is inversely proportional to the voltage

across the resistor in an inductor resistor circuit.
2. The circuit contains a coil. The self-inductance of the coil prevents the
current in the circuit from increasing or decreasing. The inductor attempts t
keeps the current the same as it was before the charge occurred.
3. The experiment value is more than the theoretical value by 17%.
| theoretica l value − measured value |
percent error = ×100 %
theoretica l value
1.44x10 -3 1.23x10 -3
= ×100 %
1.23x10 -3
= 17 %
The τ value is almost the same in the experiment and the theoretical value
given. The difference are due to the external resistance.(other than the
resistor)

4. It does. The sum of the voltage at any time given is equals to the source
voltage Kirchhoff’s Loop Rule states that the algebraic sum of the voltages
around the series circuit is zero. In other words, the voltage across the
resistor, VR, plus the voltage across the inductor, VL, will add to the source
voltage, VO. The value of Vo and the value of Vo' is almost the same. An
accurate value of Vo= Vo can not be obtained because there are
resistances in the system which are not included when placing the value
of Vo Although the value obtained is not the same, but the close
approximation is enough to show that Kirchhoff’s Loop Rule hold at all
times.
DATA:

Item Value
Inductor resistance 5.8
Resistor resistance 10.5
Total Resistance 16.3
Peak Voltage 2.05
Time at peak voltage 0.0615
Time at half-maximum voltage 0.0615
Time to reach half-maximum 0.001
t1
τ= 2 1.44x10-3
ln 2
L
τ= 1.23x10-3
R
Percentage error 17%

ANALYSIS:
1.
t1
τ= 2
ln 2
0.001
=
ln 2
= 1.44x10-3

2.
L
τ=
R
19.49x10 -3
=
15.8
= 1.23x10 -3

3.
| theoretica l value − measured value |
percent error = ×100 %
theoretica l value
1.44x10 -3 1.23x10 -3
= ×100 %
1.23x10 -3
= 17 %

DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION:
 In this experiment, we are about to study the behavior of an inductor as a
time dependant voltage is applied.

Inductance is grouped by the behavior of a coil of wire in resisting any

change of electric current through the coil. The experimental value is not the
same as the experimental value because the resistor might not be functioning
100%. The Multimeter that is used to measure the inductance and resistance is
not exact as there can be some interference.

As this experiment is a computer-interfaced experiment, we must follow

the steps carefully. Before we start the experiment, we shut down the computer
first, then only we start to construct the RLC circuit board.

We must not turn on the Power Amplifier II until we are instructed to do so

because the Power Amplifier II puts out 10 V when the computer is in DOS and
this may overload the auxiliary circuit causing it to burn up.

We faced difficulty when want to obtain the half-maximum current from the
graph of voltage vs. current that was displayed. When the maximum current is
divided by 2 to find the half-maximum current and the time, only the approximate
value could be obtained and not the exact value. Therefore, we can try to
minimize the inaccuracy value for the half-maximum current and time by getting
the nearest value. Before we end the experiment, we need to use a multimeter to
measure the total resistance of the circuit.

As the result, the time constant is the voltage across the capacitor and is
63% of its maximum value where the time from it starting to charge until it
maximum load.

As the conclusion, the inductance in a LR circuit increases when the

current in the circuit increases with a constant voltage. The value of resistance
will decrease when the value of inductance increase. The sum of VR and VL is
always the same as the VO. Thus, this verified the Kirchhoff’s Loop Rule