Advanced Finite Element Methods For Engineers: Exercise 3

Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers
Exercise 3
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov

Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
WiSe 2018/19
Overview
Repetition
Task 1
Task 2
2 of 13 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Local/global nodes and angles
• Let us consider one bar element with the global nodes 3 and 5.
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• One bar elment always has the local nodes 1 and 2.
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• Two possible matchings of local/global nodes lead to two different angles.
5 2
α = 90◦
3 1
5 1
α = −90◦
3 2
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• Therefore global submatrices are located in different positions.
5 2 e e
e e

K11 K12 K33 K35
α = 90◦ Ke = =
K21 Ke22 Ke53 Ke55
3 1
5 1 e e
e e

K11 K12 K55 K53
α = −90◦ Ke = =
Ke21 Ke22 Ke35 Ke33
3 2
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• During the assembly process one has to take care to put the submatrices to the
correct position.
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correct position.
• Therefore it is easier to choose the matching in a way that the global nodes are
in ascending order.
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correct position.
in ascending order.
• Both matchings lead to the same correct result after the assembly.
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correct position.
in ascending order.
• Both matchings lead to the same correct result after the assembly.
• Please note: For rods this plays no big role (because Ke11 = Ke22 and
Ke12 = Ke21), but in general one has to take care.
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Procedure for the tasks in this exercise
a) Determine all relevant information for each element e
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b) Derive/Look up the element stiffness matrices for each used element type
!
cos(α)2 cos(α) sin(α) − cos(α)2 − cos(α) sin(α)
EA
e cos(α) sin(α) sin(α) 2 − cos(α) sin(α) − sin(α)2
K = − cos(α) 2 − cos(α) sin(α) cos(α) 2 cos(α) sin(α)
L − cos(α) sin(α) − sin(α)2 cos(α) sin(α) sin(α)2
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!
EA
c) Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements
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!
EA

d) Assemble the global stiffness matrix K
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!
EA

e) Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka
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!
EA

f) Prepare the reduced equation system r̃ = K̃ã (Delete rows/columns with
0-displacements)
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!
EA

f) Prepare the reduced equation system r̃ = K̃ã (Delete rows/columns with
0-displacements)
g) Solve the reduced equation system r̃ = K̃ã
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Overview
Repetition
Task 1
Task 2
2018/19
Task 1
Calculate the displacement and force vector.

F
E = 210 000 N/mm2 ,

A1 = 25 mm2 ,
A2 = 50 mm2 ,
L 1❦ 2❦
α = 135◦,
y
L = 400 mm,
α
F = 250 N
1 x
3
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Task 1
Solution
Element e αe sin αe cos αe Le Ae Ee
1❦ 90◦ 1 0 L A1 E
√ √ √
2❦ 135◦ 2/2 − 2/2 2L 2A1 E
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Task 1
Solution
1❦ 90◦ 1 0 L A1 E
√ √ √
2❦ 135◦ 2/2 − 2/2 2L 2A1 E

0 √0 0 0 0 0
    
F1,x √ 0
F1,y  0 2 0 − 2 0 0 0 
 
  √ 1 
F2,x  2A E 0 0 1 −1√ −1 1   0 
 
 −F  = 2L
   √ 
0 − 2 −1 1 + 2 1 −1 a2,y 
    
F3,x  0 0 −1 1 1 −1  0 
F3,y 0 0 1 −1 −1 1 0
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Task 1
Solution
1❦ 90◦ 1 0 L A1 E
√ √ √
2❦ 135◦ 2/2 − 2/2 2L 2A1 E

0 √0 0 0 0 0
    
F1,x √ 0
F1,y  0 2 0 − 2 0 0 0 
 
  √ 1 
F2,x  2A E 0 0 1 −1√ −1 1   0 
 
 −F  = 2L
   √ 
0 − 2 −1 1 + 2 1 −1 a2,y 
    
F3,x  0 0 −1 1 1 −1  0 
F3,y 0 0 1 −1 −1 1 0
f) Prepare the reduced equation system

√
r̃ = K̃ã
2A1E √
−F = (1 + 2)a2,y
2L
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Task 1
Solution
1❦ 90◦ 1 0 L A1 E
√ √ √
2❦ 135◦ 2/2 − 2/2 2L 2A1 E

0 √0 0 0 0 0
    
F1,x √ 0
F1,y  0 2 0 − 2 0 0 0 
 
  √ 1 
F2,x  2A E 0 0 1 −1√ −1 1   0 
 
 −F  = 2L
   √ 
0 − 2 −1 1 + 2 1 −1 a2,y 
    
F3,x  0 0 −1 1 1 −1  0 
F3,y 0 0 1 −1 −1 1 0
f) Prepare the reduced equation system

√
r̃ = K̃ã
2A1E √
−F = (1 + 2)a2,y
2L
g) Solve the reduced equation system r̃ = K̃ã

a2,y = −1.1158 × 10−2 mm
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Task 1
Solution
For the complete vectors follows:
   
0 0
 146.45   0 
   
 103.55   0 
 · 10−2 mm
r=  −250  N, a=
 
−1.1158

 
−103.55  0 
103.55 0
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Overview
Repetition
Task 1
Task 2
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Task 2
Calculate the displacement and force vector.

F
1 1❦
2
3❦ 2❦ E = 70 000 N/mm2 ,
A = 50 mm2,
L 4❦ β 3
α = 30◦,
β = 60◦,
5❦
L = 500 mm,
L F = 500 N
y
α
4
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Task 2
Solution
√
1❦ 0◦ 0 1 3L/2 A E
2❦ −90◦ −1 0 L/2 A E
√
3❦ −30◦ −1/2 3/2 L A E
4❦ −90◦ −1 0 L A E
√
5❦ −150◦ −1/2 − 3/2 L A E
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Task 2
Solution
√
1❦ 0◦ 0 1 3L/2 A E
2❦ −90◦ −1 0 L/2 A E
√
3❦ −30◦ −1/2 3/2 L A E
4❦ −90◦ −1 0 L A E
√
5❦ −150◦ −1/2 − 3/2 L A E

 √ √ √ √ 
F1,x 8/ √3 + 3 − 3 −8/ 3 0 3 0 0 0
  
√−3
 0   − 3 5 0√ 0 3 −1 0 −4  a1,y 
   √ 
 0   −8/ 3 0 8/ 3 0 0 0 0 0  a

     2,x 
 −F  AE   
 =  0 √ 0 0 8 0 −8 0 0  a2,y 
√


 0  4L  √

−3 3 0 0 6 0 −3 − 3

a 3,x


 0 
 √   
3 0 0 10 3  a3,y 
 
   −1 −8 √ − −1
√  
F4,x  
 0 0 0 0 −3 − 3 3 3  0 
√ √
F4,y 0 −4 0 0 − 3 −1 3 5 0
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Task 2
Solution
f) Prepare the reduced equation system r̃ = K̃ã
   √  
0 5 0√ 0 3 −1 a1,y
 0 
 a2,x 
 0 8/ 3 0 0 0  
−F  = AE  0
  
0 8 0 −8 a2,y 
 
 
 0  4L √ 
 3 0 0 6 0  a3,x 
0 −1 0 −8 0 10 a3,y
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Task 2
Solution
f) Prepare the reduced equation system r̃ = K̃ã
   √  
0 5 0√ 0 3 −1 a1,y
 0 
 a2,x 
 0 8/ 3 0 0 0  
−F  = AE  0
  
0 8 0 −8 a2,y 
 
 
 0  4L √ 
 3 0 0 6 0  a3,x 
0 −1 0 −8 0 10 a3,y
g) Solve the reduced equation system r̃ = K̃ã to obtain ã. After calculating a we
can use r = Ka to calculate r
0
   
−433.01
  −0.0357  0 
−0.0357    
 0   0 

 0 


−0.1964
 
 −500 

ã = −0.1964

 mm, a=
  mm, r=
  N.
 0.0103   0.0103 
  0 

−0.1607  0 
−0.1607    
 0   433.01 
0 500
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Thank you for your attention!
Any questions?

Advanced Finite Element Methods For Engineers: Exercise 3

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Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov

a) Determine all relevant information for each element e

a) Determine all relevant information for each element e

a) Determine all relevant information for each element e

c) Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements

a) Determine all relevant information for each element e

c) Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements

a) Determine all relevant information for each element e

c) Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements

a) Determine all relevant information for each element e

c) Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements

a) Determine all relevant information for each element e

c) Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements

Calculate the displacement and force vector.

E = 210 000 N/mm2 ,

e) Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka

e) Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka

f) Prepare the reduced equation system

e) Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka

f) Prepare the reduced equation system

g) Solve the reduced equation system r̃ = K̃ã

Calculate the displacement and force vector.

e) Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka

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