Power and Water Utility Company for Jubail and Yanbu (MARAFIQ) Master Specification: MQ-SP-I-7025

Project Name: Date:14 Jan 2011

Contract Number: Page: 1 of 4
Revision: 1

SPECIFICATION – PRESSURE REGULATED VALVE

This specification has been revised as indicated below and described in the revision record on the following
page. Please destroy all previous revisions.

Revision Date Originator's Reviewed/Checked By Pages

No. Name & Initials Name & Initials
A 7/06/2010 Cory A. Haynes Vincent E. Mezzano 4
0 11/04/2010 Cory A. Haynes Anna M. Pham 4
1 1/14/2011 Cory A. Haynes Anna M. Pham 4

APPROVALS SIGNATURES DATE

Lead Engineer Thomas B. Robinson

Project Manager: Russell Shulz
Client Approval:

ISSUED FOR : Construction X Other Approved

Power and Water Utility Company for Jubail and Yanbu (MARAFIQ) Master Specification: MQ-SP-I-7025
Project Name: Date:14 Jan 2011
Contract Number: Page: 2 of 4
Revision: 1

SPECIFICATION – PRESSURE REGULATED VALVE

Record of Revisions
Revision Date Description
No.

A 7/06/2010 Issued for Approval, Table of Contents Only

0 11/04/2010 Issued for Review/Approval

1 1/14/2011 Issued Approved

Power and Water Utility Company for Jubail and Yanbu (MARAFIQ) Master Specification: MQ-SP-I-7025
Project Name: Date:14 Jan 2011
Contract Number: Page: 3 of 4
Revision: 1

SPECIFICATION – PRESSURE REGULATED VALVE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section

1.0 GENERAL......................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Scope of Specification ........................................................................................................................ 4
2.0 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................. 4
2.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP)...................................................................................................... 4
3.0 ADDITIONS TO PIP PCCCV002 – “PRESSURE REGULATORS SELECTION CRITERIA” ............. 4
3.1 None ..................................................................................................................................................... 4
4.0 ATTACHMENTS............................................................................................................................................. 4
4.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP)...................................................................................................... 4
4.2 Datasheets ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Power and Water Utility Company for Jubail and Yanbu (MARAFIQ) Master Specification: MQ-SP-I-7025
Project Name: Date:14 Jan 2011
Contract Number: Page: 4 of 4
Revision: 1

SPECIFICATION – PRESSURE REGULATED VALVE

1.0 GENERAL

1.1 Scope of Specification

This specification defines the minimum mandatory requirements governing the design and
installation of pressure regulated valves for the Power and Water Utility Company for
Jubail and Yanbu (MARAFIQ).

The governing specification will be the Process Industry Practice (PIP) PCCCV002
"Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria" (June, 2007) with the additions, deletions, and
clarifications described in Section 3.0.

2.0 REFERENCES

The selection of material and equipment, and the design, construction, maintenance, and repair of
equipment and facilities covered by this specification shall comply with the latest edition of the
references listed below, unless otherwise noted.

2.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP)

A. PCCCV002 Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria

B. PCECV002 Pressure Regulators Selection Guidelines

3.0 ADDITIONS TO PIP PCCCV002 – “PRESSURE REGULATORS SELECTION CRITERIA”

The following sub-sections indicate additional requirements, which were not addressed in Process
Industry Practice (PIP) PCCCV002. These sub-sections represent requirements specified in the
addition to PIP PCCCV002 “Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria” (June, 2007).

3.1 None

4.0 ATTACHMENTS

4.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP)

A. PCCCV002 Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria

B. PCECV002 Pressure Regulators Selection Guidelines

4.2 Datasheets

A. MQ-DS-I-7633 - Pressure Regulated Valve

 COMPLETE REVISION
June 2007

Process Industry Practices

Process Control

PIP PCCCV002
Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria
 PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES

In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has
been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major
industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these technical
requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and engineering
costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While this Practice
is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users, individual
applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take precedence
over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and particular matters
or application of the Practice to particular project or engineering situations should not
be made solely on information contained in these materials. The use of trade names
from time to time should not be viewed as an expression of preference but rather
recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the same specifications
are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. All Practices or guidelines
are intended to be consistent with applicable laws and regulations including OSHA
requirements. To the extent these Practices or guidelines should conflict with OSHA or
other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or regulations must be followed.
Consult an appropriate professional before applying or acting on any material
contained in or suggested by the Practice.

This Practice is subject to revision at any time.

© Process Industry Practices (PIP), Construction Industry Institute, The

University of Texas at Austin, 3925 West Braker Lane (R4500), Austin,
Texas 78759. PIP member companies and subscribers may copy this Practice
for their internal use. Changes, overlays, addenda, or modifications of any
kind are not permitted within any PIP Practice without the express written
authorization of PIP.

PRINTING HISTORY
November 2002 Issued
June 2007 Complete Revision & Renumbering

Not printed with State funds

 COMPLETE REVISION
June 2007

Process Industry Practices

Process Control

PIP PCCCV002
Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria
Table of Contents
1. Introduction................................. 2
1.1 Purpose............................................ 2
1.2 Scope ............................................... 2

2. References .................................. 2
2.1 Process Industry Practices .............. 2
2.2 Industry Codes and Standards ........ 2
2.3 Government Regulations ................. 2

3. Definitions ................................... 2
4. Requirements.............................. 3
4.1 Data.................................................. 3
4.2 Limitations ........................................ 3
4.3 Sizing ............................................... 3
4.4. Construction..................................... 3
4.5 Pressure Protection ......................... 3
4.6 Materials of Construction ................. 4
4.7 Installation ........................................ 4
4.8 Noise ................................................ 5

Process Industry Practices Page 1 of 5

PIP PCCCV002 COMPLETE REVISION
Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria June 2007

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose
This Practice provides requirements for the selection and installation of pressure
regulators.

1.2 Scope
This Practice describes the requirements for selection of pressure regulators including
applications, sizing, construction, pressure protection, materials of construction,
installation, and noise.

2. References
Applicable parts of the following Practices and references shall be considered an integral part
of this Practice. The edition in effect on the date of contract award shall be used, except as
otherwise noted. Short titles are used herein where appropriate.

2.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP)

– PIP PCECV002 - Pressure Regulators Selection Guidelines
2.2 Industry Codes and Standards

• American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

– ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 - Pressure
Vessels
• American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
– ASTM A105 - Carbon Steel Forging for Piping Applications
– ASTM A216 - Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding for High-
Temperature Service
• ISA
– ISA S20.51 - Specification Form for Pressure Control Valves, Pilots and
Regulators
2.3 Government Regulations

• U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA)
– OSHA 29 CFR 1910.95 - Occupational Noise Exposure

3. Definitions
owner: The party who owns the facility wherein the pressure regulators will be used

droop: The deviation of the controlled pressure from the set pressure which occurs because
regulators are proportional-only controllers

Page 2 of 5 Process Industry Practices

COMPLETE REVISION PIP PCCCV002
June 2007 Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria

4. Requirements

4.1 Data
4.1.1 A data set in electronic or hard copy format shall be provided for each
pressure regulator.
4.1.2 Minimum content for the data set shall be in accordance with ISA S20.51.

4.2 Limitations
Regulators shall not be used in toxic service or where seat leakage would constitute a
hazardous condition.

4.3 Sizing
4.3.1 The manufacturer’s formulas and tables shall be used to size and select
pressure regulators.
4.3.2 The regulator shall be sized to be no less than 20% or no more than 60%
open at normal flow and with no more than 10% droop at maximum flow.
4.3.3 Regulators shall not be used in cavitating or flashing liquid service.
4.3.4 Corrections for the specific gravity of the controlled fluid shall be included in
the selection process (e.g., specific gravity conversions for equivalent air
flow rate tables).

4.4. Construction
4.4.1 The preferred self-contained regulator shall be spring-loaded with an internal
pressure-sensing connection.
4.4.2 Internal pressure-sensing regulators shall be designed such that the regulated
pressure is applied directly to the diaphragm through the valve body.
4.4.3 Diaphragm-loading springs shall be enclosed and readily adjustable. The
adjusting device shall be provided with a locking mechanism to ensure that
the control point cannot shift or be changed inadvertently.

4.5 Pressure Protection

4.5.1 The pressure rating of the regulator body, end connections, and spring case
shall meet the applicable piping specifications where it is installed.
4.5.2 In some instances, the downstream side of the regulator casing is not rated
for the upstream pressure, so provision must be made to protect the regulator
casing from overpressure if the regulator is blocked in. This can be
accomplished by a separate relief valve or by internal relief in the regulator.
If internal relief is not available for the regulator selected, a separate relief
valve shall be installed in the regulator outlet piping.
4.5.3 If relief is required, a relief device shall be sized to relieve flow resulting
from a regulator that has failed fully open, assuming design upstream
pressure at the inlet of the failed regulator and assuming relief set pressure
(plus allowable overpressure) at the regulator outlet.

Process Industry Practices Page 3 of 5

PIP PCCCV002 COMPLETE REVISION
Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria June 2007

4.5.4 Pressure regulators used in backpressure control (pressure relief) shall not be
the primary protection for equipment. Pressure regulators do not meet the
requirements of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII,
Division 1.

4.6 Materials of Construction

4.6.1 Regulators shall be in accordance with the requirements of this section and, if
possible, be specified with the manufacturer’s standard materials.
4.6.2 The valve body and end connections shall be in accordance with or shall
exceed the applicable piping specifications.
4.6.3 Carbon steel body and end connections shall be in accordance with
ASTM A105 or ASTM A216.
4.6.4 The spring and diaphragm housing shall be steel or stainless steel.
4.6.5 Cast iron bodies shall not be permitted in hydrocarbon service.
4.6.6 Cast aluminum shall be permitted only in air or nitrogen service.
4.6.7 Bolts, studs, nut, gaskets, and internal trim shall be the manufacturer’s
standard, assuming compatible service conditions.
4.6.8 All process-wetted parts shall be resistant to the corrosive or chemical effects
of the controlled fluid.
4.6.9 Nickel-alloy, stainless steel, or low-temperature carbon steel shall be
specified for pressure-containing parts in services colder than -30°C (-20°F).

4.7 Installation
4.7.1 Spring-loaded valves and pilots shall be situated to minimize the effects of
shock and vibration and to facilitate maintenance and set-point adjustment.
4.7.2 Pressure gauge taps shall be installed on the upstream and downstream sides
of the regulator when gauges are required.
4.7.3 Steam regulators shall be preceded by a separator and trap.
4.7.4 A strainer and/or filter shall be required for any regulator that would be
susceptible to plugging.
4.7.5 A regulator in gas or vapor service shall be installed such that condensate
cannot accumulate in the piping between the regulator and the load.
4.7.6 Internal pressure-relief vents shall be piped to a safe location.
4.7.7 Atmospheric vents shall be threaded and equipped with insect screens.
4.7.8 All external pressure feedback piping (tubing) shall be at least 6 mm
(1/4 inch) stainless steel.
4.7.9 Pressure-sensing connections shall be internally threaded and shall be no
smaller than 6 mm (1/4 inch) NPT.
4.7.10 External pilots shall be specified with integral filters.

Page 4 of 5 Process Industry Practices

COMPLETE REVISION PIP PCCCV002
June 2007 Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria

4.7.11 External pressure feedback taps shall be situated to minimize the effects of
line pressure drop, velocity changes, and turbulence.
Comment: A distance of at least 10 pipe diameters from the regulator
is recommended.

4.8 Noise
4.8.1 The regulator manufacturer shall be consulted if the critical pressure ratio
approaches 2:1.
4.8.2 The calculated noise level shall not exceed 90 dBa.
4.8.3 The owner shall be advised if the calculated noise level exceeds 82 dBa.
4.8.4 The noise requirements and guidelines shall be in accordance with
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.95.

Process Industry Practices Page 5 of 5

 COMPLETE REVISION
June 2007

Process Industry Practices

Process Control

PIP PCECV002
Pressure Regulators Selection Guidelines
 PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES

In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has
been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major
industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these technical
requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and engineering
costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While this Practice
is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users, individual
applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take precedence
over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and particular matters
or application of the Practice to particular project or engineering situations should not
be made solely on information contained in these materials. The use of trade names
from time to time should not be viewed as an expression of preference but rather
recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the same specifications
are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. All Practices or guidelines
are intended to be consistent with applicable laws and regulations including OSHA
requirements. To the extent these Practices or guidelines should conflict with OSHA or
other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or regulations must be followed.
Consult an appropriate professional before applying or acting on any material
contained in or suggested by the Practice.

This Practice is subject to revision at any time.

© Process Industry Practices (PIP), Construction Industry Institute, The

University of Texas at Austin, 3925 West Braker Lane (R4500), Austin,
Texas 78759. PIP member companies and subscribers may copy this Practice
for their internal use. Changes, overlays, addenda, or modifications of any
kind are not permitted within any PIP Practice without the express written
authorization of PIP.

PRINTING HISTORY
May 1999 Issued as PCECR001
June 2007 Complete Revision

Not printed with State funds

 COMPLETE REVISION
June 2007

Process Industry Practices

Process Control

PIP PCECV002
Pressure Regulators Selection Guidelines
Table of Contents

1. Introduction................................. 2
1.1 Purpose............................................ 2
1.2 Scope ............................................... 2

2. References .................................. 2
Process Industry Practices ...................... 2

3. Applications ................................ 2

4. Sizing and Selection................... 3

5. Noise Reduction ......................... 3

Process Industry Practices Page 1 of 3

PIP PCECV002 COMPLETE REVISION
Pressure Regulators Selection Guidelines June 2007

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose
This Practice provides guidelines for the application and selection of pressure
regulators.

1.2 Scope
This Practice describes the recommended guidelines for proper application, sizing,
selection, and noise reduction of pressure regulators.

2. References
Applicable parts of the following Practices shall be considered an integral part of this
Practice. The edition in effect on the date of contract award shall be used, except as otherwise
noted. Short titles will be used herein where appropriate.

Process Industry Practices (PIP)

– PIP PCCCV002 - Pressure Regulators Selection Criteria
– PIP PCECV001 - Guidelines for the Application of Control Valves

3. Applications
3.1 Typically pressure regulators are used to regulate utilities such as air, nitrogen, fuel
gas, blanket gas, steam, water, lube oil, and fuel oil.
3.2 Regulators can be used to control downstream pressure, upstream pressure, or
differential pressure.
3.2.1 Regulators that control upstream pressure are typically referred to as
backpressure regulators.
3.2.2 Regulators in differential pressure service monitor both upstream and
downstream pressure and hold a constant pressure differential. The
differential pressure can be induced across process equipment (e.g., a heat
exchanger), across a separate restrictive orifice, or across the regulator itself.
3.3 Pressure regulators can be used for the following reasons:
3.3.1 Regulators are generally less expensive than a control valve and controller to
purchase and install.
3.3.2 Remote monitoring is not required.
3.3.3 Frequent setpoint adjustment is not required.
3.3.4 No control medium is available (i.e., instrument air, nitrogen, electricity, etc.).
3.3.5 Tight shutoff is not required.
3.3.6 The processes can tolerate some offset (droop) between the manipulated
variable and desired setpoint.

Page 2 of 3 Process Industry Practices

COMPLETE REVISION PIP PCECV002
June 2007 Pressure Regulators Selection Guidelines

3.4 There are two types of pressure regulators; self-contained and pilot-operated. Self-
contained regulators are mounted in-line and do not have any external connections to
the process. A pilot-operated regulator is mounted in-line and has a sensing line
connected to the process.
3.5 Pilot-operated regulators can offer more accurate regulation and higher capacity than
self-contained types but are more expensive.
3.5.1 Typically the pilot is close coupled with the regulator, but can be located
remotely from the main valve to mitigate the effects of shock and vibration.
3.5.2 The small passages of the pilot are subject to plugging, so pilot-operated
regulators should be specified for clean services only.
3.6 Regulators should not be used for toxic service because a diaphragm rupture or
internal pressure relief could allow the process to vent to the environment
3.7 Regulators are not recommended for cavitating or flashing liquids (for a discussion of
cavitation and flashing, see PIP PCECV001.)

4. Sizing and Selection

4.1 The manufacturer’s formulas and tables should be used to size and select pressure
regulators. This information is needed to size the regulator, inlet pressure range,
outlet pressure and flow rates.
4.2 The regulator should be sized to be 50-60% open at normal flow.
4.3 Generally the droop should be less than 10% at the point of maximum flow. Droop is
the deviation of the controlled pressure from the set pressure which occurs because
regulators are proportional-only controllers.

5. Noise Reduction
5.1 Noise produced by regulators should be considered and should stay within
established noise exposure limits (typically less than 85 db).
5.2 Generally, a control valve with noise-abatement trim would be a better choice if
noise is a concern (for further discussion, see PIP PCECV001.).
5.3 The aerodynamic noise can be reduced by limiting the flow velocity below the sonic
level. This can be accomplished using multistage regulators or regulators in series to
keep the pressure ratio less than 2:1 (i.e., less than the critical pressure ratio) across
each stage.

Process Industry Practices Page 3 of 3