314 Chapter 5 Solutions

Problem 5.9 Waveform in Fig. P5.9 with A = 10.

f(t)
A

0 t (s)
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Figure P5.9: Waveform for Problem 5.9.

Solution:
(a) Waveform has even symmetry.
(b) Period T = 4 s
2π π
ω0 = = rad/s
T 2


10(t + 2) −2 ≤ t ≤ −1
f (t) = 10 −1 ≤ t ≤ 1


−10(t − 2) 1 ≤ t ≤ 2
Z −1 Z 1 Z 2 
1
a0 = 10(t + 2) dt + 10 dt + 10(2 − t) dt
4 −2 −1 1
" −1  2 #
5 t 2  1 t 2 
= + 2t  + t −1 + 2t − 
2 2 −2 2 1
15
=
2
Z −1  nπ  Z 1  nπ  Z 2  nπ  
2
an = 10(t + 2) cos t dt + 10 cos t dt − 10(t − 2) cos t dt
4 −2 2 −1 2 1 2
"

#−1 Z
nπ 1


sin n2π t  −1 sin nπ t
2 sin 2 t 
=5 (t + 2)  − dt + 
 (nπ /2)  −2 (nπ /2) (nπ /2) 
−2 −1
 

2 Z

sin n2π t  2 sin nπ t
2
− (t − 2)  + dt
(nπ /2)  1 (nπ /2) 
1

40 h  nπ  i
= cos − cos nπ
(nπ )2 2
bn = 0 (even symmetry)
15 ∞
40 h  nπ  i  nπ 
f (t) = + ∑ 2 2 cos − cos nπ cos t
2 n=1 n π 2 2

(c) amplitude format

q
40   nπ  

An = a2n + b2n = 2 2 cos − cos nπ 
n π 2
Chapter 5 Solutions 315

(
0 for an > 0
φn =
180◦ for an < 0

4.0528
4

3
An
2.0264
2

1
0.4503
0.1621 0.2252
0 rad/s
0 5 10 15
ϕn
200

100
0o 0o 0o 0o
0

−100
−180o
−200 rad/s
0 5 10 15

(d)
f(t)
20
nmax = 100
15

10

0 t (s)
−6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6