ICs for Cassette, Cassette Deck

AN6291, AN6291S
Dual dbx II Noise Reduction System ICs

■ Overview AN6291 Unit : mm

The AN6291 and the AN6291S are the single chip ICs
1 22

0.5±0.1
suitably developed for noise reduction of dbxII type and 2 21

1.2±0.25
used for stereo operation. They can be used for U.S. 3 20
4 19
sound multiplex TV. 1.8V low voltage operation enables

26.7±0.3
5 18
to apply for battery-operated equipment to the Hi-Fi deck. 6 17
7 16
Package is available for 22-pin DIL plastic and 22-pin

2.54
8 15
SOP package. Equipment can be minitualized and high 9 14
10 13
integration.
11 12
8.6±0.3 1.0±0.25
■ Features 3.3±0.25
4.7±0.25
• Wide dynamic range : 110dB + 0.1
• Low operating voltage : VCC (min.) =1.8V 0.35 – 0
.05

• Fewer external components 3 ~15˚

10.16±0.25
• Adjustment : only one 22-Lead DIP Package (DIP022-P-0400A)
• Low power consumption
• Wide operating supply voltage range : AN6291S Unit : mm

VCC (opr) =1.8V to 14V 1.09

1 22
2 21
3 20
4 19
0.4±0.25

15.3±0.3
5 18
6 17
7 16
8 15
1.27

9 14
10 13
11 12
0.1±0.1

2.0±0.2
0.3
0.925
0.15

7.2±0.3
9.4±0.3

22-Lead SOP Package (SOP022-P-0375)

AN6291, AN6291S ICs for Cassette, Cassette Deck

■ Block Diagram

RMS TIMING CCA CAP CAP ON – OFF

VCC NC IN–B –B IN–B 1–B 2–B VOUT– B –B I TIME ENCODE
22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12

VCC

–
RMS OP
CCA Amp.
+

Current
Source
Logic
Timing Current

+
RMS CCA OP
Amp.
–
Bias
GND
SUB

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
ADJ GND RMS TIMING CCA CAP CAP VOUT– A ON – OFF N.I. DECODE
IN– A –A IN– A 1– A 2– A –A

■ Pin Descriptions
Pin No. Pin Name Pin No. Pin Name
1 Adjustment of timing current 12 ENCODE
2 GND 13 I TIME
3 RMS IN-A 14 ON-OFF-B
4 TIMING-A 15 VOUT-B
5 CCA IN-A 16 CAP-2-B
6 CAP-1-A 17 CAP-1-B
7 CAP-2-A 18 CCA IN-B
8 VOUT-A 19 TIMING-B
9 ON-OFF-A 20 RMS IN-B
10 N.I. 21 NC
11 DECODE 22 VCC
ICs for Cassette, Cassette Deck AN6291, AN6291S

■ Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta=25˚C)

Parameter Symbol Rating Unit
Supply Voltage VCC 14.4 V
Supply Current ICC 5 mA
Power Dissipation (Ta=75˚C) PD 100 mW
Operating Ambient Temperature Topr –20 ~ + 75 ˚C
AN6291 Tstg –55 ~ + 125 ˚C
Storage Temperature
AN6291S Tstg –40 ~ + 125 ˚C

■ Electrical Characteristics (VCC=3V, Ta=25˚C)

Parameter Symbol Condition min. typ. max. Unit
VOE –1 VIN = + 20dB, f=1kHz 7.5 10 12.5
Input/Output Characteristics/ENCODE Mode VOE –2 VIN = 0dB, f=1kHz –2 0 +2 dB
VOE –3 VIN= –40dB, f=1kHz –23 –20 –17
VOD –1 VIN = + 10dB, f=1kHz 17 20 23
Input/Output Characteristics/DECODE Mode VOD –2 VIN=0dB, f=1kHz –2 0 +2 dB
VOD –3 VIN= –20dB, f=1kHz –44 –40 –36
Maximum Output ENCODE Mode VOME 80 150
THD=1%, f=1kHz mV
Voltage DECODE Mode VOMD 200 450
Total Harmonic Distortion/DECODE Mode THDD VO = + 14dB, f=1kHz 0.15 0.3 %
Noise Output ENCODE Mode VNOE Input Short 100 200
µV
Voltage DECODE Mode VNOD A-weight 3 6
Difference Between ENCODE Mode CDE –1.2 0 1.2
VIN= 0dB, f=1kHz dB
Channels DECODE Mode CDD –1.2 0 1.2
Measuring channel : Short
Crosstalk/ENCODE Mode CT Another channel : Output 200mV, 50 60 dB
f=1kHz
Ripple Rejection Ratio/DECODE Mode SVRR f=60Hz, V=100mV, Input Short 40 55 dB
Quiescent Current ICC VCC =3V, Input Short 1.8 3.2 mA
Input/Output Characteristics/dbx OFF Mode VOFF VIN = + 20dB, f=1kHz 17 20 23 dB
Total Harmonic Distortion/dbx OFF Mode THDOFF VIN = + 20dB, f=1kHz 0.3 1 %
Output Noise Voltage/dbx OFF Mode VnOFF Input Short, A-weight 10 20 µV
Note) 0dB= 20mV= –34dBV
AN6291, AN6291S ICs for Cassette, Cassette Deck

VOUT, Vno– f (Encoder mode) VOUT, Vno– f (Decoder mode) THD – f (Encoder mode)
+20 +20 2.0
VCC= 3V VCC= 3V VCC= 3V
Output Noise Voltage Vno, Output Voltage VOUT (dB)

Output Noise Voltage Vno, Output Voltage VOUT (dB)

Vin= – 34dBV Vin= –34dBV Vin= – 34dBV
0 0

Total Harmonic Distortion THD (%)

–20 –20 1.5
VOUT VOUT

–40 –40

–60 –60 1.0

–80 –80
Vno
–100 –100 0.5

–120 –120 Vno

–140 –140 0
20 100 1k 10k 20k 20 100 1k 10k 20k 20 100 1k 10k 20k
Frequency f (Hz) Frequency f (Hz) Frequency f (Hz)

THD – f (Decoder mode) VOUT, THD –VIN (Encoder mode) VOUT, THD–VIN (Decoder mode)
2.0 –10
VCC = 3V VCC= 3V VCC= 3V
Vin= – 34dBV f= 1kHz –0 f= 1kHz
–20
Total Harmonic Distortion THD (%)

1.5 –20
Output Voltage VOUT (dBV)

Output Voltage VOUT (dBV)

T
OU
V

–30 2.0 2.0

Total Harmonic Distortion THD (%)

Total Harmonic Distortion THD (%)

T
OU
–40

V
1.0 –40 1.5 1.5
–60
–50 1.0 1.0

0.5 –80
THD
–60 0.5 0.5
THD
–100
0 –70 0 0
20 100 1k 10k 20k –100 –80 –60 –40 –20 0 +20 –70 –60 –50 –40 –30 –20
Frequency f (Hz) Input Voltage VIN (dBV) Input Voltage VIN (dBV)
ICs for Cassette, Cassette Deck AN6291, AN6291S

■ Application Circuits
1 Switching circuit of recording/playback

+VCC
Input
–B E
D
0.1µF
0.1µF SW1a OFF SW2a
10µF
– + 560Ω ON Output

2700pF
3.3kΩ D E
33kΩ + – –B
SW1b 0.01µF
0.0033µF

0.0033µF

15kΩ

330Ω
+ 0.47µF
330pF

6800pF
270k

–
1kΩ
15kΩ 6800pF
0.033µF

SW1e
0.1µF 4.7kΩ 33kΩ 6.8kΩ – 51kΩ +
10kΩ

10µF
10µF 22µF
1kΩ
150kΩ

2SC1327 + –
15kΩ
– + D E

*2
22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12

OP
RMS– B CCA– B Amp.– B

Logic
Current
Source
OP
RMS – A CCA– A
SUB Amp.– A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
*1 +
1µF
2k – + 15kΩ –
(B)
+
22µF 51kΩ
10µF 6800pF
–
1kΩ
10kΩ
150kΩ 0.033µF Output
2SC1327
15kΩ 330Ω + – 560Ω ON
–A
1µF 4.7kΩ 33kΩ 6.8kΩ
–
0.47µF 6800pF 2700 10µF 0.01µF OFF
0.0033µF

0.0033µF

330pF

SW2b
270kΩ

+ pF
SW1e 51kΩ
3.3kΩ

33kΩ D E
– +
SW1d
0.1µF
0.1µF
E
D
Input
–A

Logical condition of recording/playback

Pin11 Pin12 Mode
VCC Open DECODE
Open VCC ENCODE
VCC VCC OFF

* 1 Signals of 1kHz, 20mV are applied to the input of both channels at the same time, sinking current into the Pin13 should be
adjusted to 15µA±5%. Standard value at VCC=3V is about 1kΩ.
* 2 External circuit should not be connected with Pin21. Connected in the IC.
* 3 Users should follow the latest technical information from dbx company. Constant number might be changed.
Note 1) All the resistors and the capacitor with the mark should be used in the error less than ±5%.
Note 2) S1a~ S1e : Switch record, playback (Above figure shows “PLAYBACK” mode).
Note 3) S2a~ S2b : dbx ON-OFF switch (Above figure shows “ON” mode).
AN6291, AN6291S ICs for Cassette, Cassette Deck

2 Playback exclusive circuit (Designed noise at dbx OFF mode to be small)

+VCC

0.033µF 1kΩ
0.47µF 4700pF 10µF 0.01
Input 560Ω µF Output
–B – + + – –B
10kΩ 150Ω
1kΩ
68µF

0.022µF
– – 0.33µF
10µF
– + dbx

10µF
+ + 16kΩ +
ON– OFF
– Open
*2
NC
16kΩ 4.7kΩ
( )
“ON”

22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12

OP
RMS– B CCA– B
Amp.– B

Current
Logic
Source

OP
RMS–A CCA–A
Sub Amp.– A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
*1
2kΩ
4.7kΩ

16kΩ +
0.022µF

(B) 1µF
+ + 16kΩ –
10µF 0.33µF – +
– –
68µF
10kΩ

Input – + 150Ω + – Output

–A 1kΩ –A
0.47µF
4700pF 10µF 560Ω 0.01µF
0.033µF

* 1 Signals of 1kHz, 20mV are applied to the input of the both channels, adjust sinking current into the Pin13 to 15µA±5%
Standard value at VCC=3V is about 1kΩ.
* 2 External circuit should not be connected with the Pin21. Connected in the IC.
* 3 Users should follow the latest technical information from dbx company. Constant number might be changed.
Note 1) All the resistors and the capacitor with the mark should be used in the error less than ±5%.
Note 2) Impedance of the input signal source should be less than 100Ω.
ICs for Cassette, Cassette Deck AN6291, AN6291S

■ Effect of dbxII Noise Reduction System

(Without noise reduction system)

+20dB
Fortissimo (large sound)
Fortissimo Magnetron saturation level Distortes distortes due to magnetron
+10dB +10dB saturation
0dB

Output
Magnetron tape
Input Level

60 ~ 70dB

DC range
Recording Playback Even if input width is
100dB

100dB, width 60-70dB is

playbacked in output.

– 60dB
– 60dB Z- Pianissimo (small sound)
Noise level Noise is erased by the hysnoise
Pianissimo
of tape
– 80dB

(When dbx II System is ON)

+20dB
Decre +20dB Large sound is playbacked
ase
Fortis Increase
simo without distortion
mo
0dB +10dB Fortissi
Recording (Encode)

Magnetron tape

Output
(Decode)
Playback

Compressed to Expanded to
Input level

1/2 by dB 2 times by dB
100dB

100dB of input range

D range

is playbacked as well

– 40dB

o Pian
sim Dec issim
nis se reas o
Pia c rea e–
I n Noi 80d
se l B Small sound is playbacked, too.
eve
– 80dB l

Noise level is decreased more

Noise
than by 30dB at the playback
Fortissimo is decreased less D range is expanded in equal
mode (Improvement of S/N
than saturation level and value as fortissimo is
ratio)
pianissimo is increased increased and pianissimo is
more than noise level. Thus decreased its level, and they
they are recorded. are playbacked.

■ Cautions
(1) When users use the AN6291 and the AN6291S, contract should be made between the dbx Technology Licensing. dbx
licence and trademark should be contacted with the following.
the U.S.A. : dbx Technology Licensing JAPAN Office : dbx Technology Licensing
433 California Street, Third Floor
Tel : 03-3378-0915
San Francisco, California 94104
Fax : 03-3374-5191
Tel : 415-765-2801
Fax : 415-765-2141
(2) Capacitor between the Pin6 – 7 and Pin16 –17 is used to cut DC current.
When leakage of DC current is large, encode and decode characteristics is not right value, capacitor's leakage should be as
minimum as possible.
(3) The AN6291 is a low power consumption current type. So effection of wiring resistance is small and oscillation character-ist
of pattern location is good, however, when impedance of the input pin is high, wiring should be shorter because it is easily
effected by external noises.