APPLIED MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

(GENERAL SCIENCES)

1. Calculate the energy transfer rate across 6 in wall of firebricks with a temperature difference
across the wall of 50°C. The thermal conductivity of the firebrick is 0.65 Btu/hr-ft-°F at the
temperature interest. (October ’94)
A) 285 W/m2 B) 369 C) 112 D) 429
Solution:
x = 6 in = 0.50 ft
(ta – tb) = 50C × 1.8 = 90°F
QC = [k A (ta – tb)] / x
QC / A = [0.65 (90)] / 0.50 = 117 Btu/hr-ft2
QC / A = 117 Btu/hr-ft2 = 369 W/m2

2. The sun generates 1 KW/m 2 when used as a source for solar collectors. A collector with an area
of 1 m2 heats water. The flow rate is 3.0 liters/min. What is the temperature rise in the water?
The specific heat of water is 4,200 J/kg -°C. (April ’97)
A) 4.8ºC B) 0.48 C) 0.56 D) 0.84
Solution:
Q = 1KW/m2 (1 m2) = 1,000W
m = 3 li/m2 x [1kg/li] x [min/60sec] = 0.05 kg/s
Q = m × cp × Δt
Δt = Q / m CP = 1000 / [0.05 × 4200] = 4.76°C

3. What is the temperature in degree C of 2 liters of water at 30 degree C after 500 calories of heat
have been added to? (April ’98)
A) 35.70ºC B) 30.25 C) 38.00 D) 39.75
Solution:
Q = m × cp × (t2 – t1)
0.500 Kcal (4.187 KJ/Kcal) = 2 liters (1kg/liter )(4.187 KJ/kg-°C)(t 2 – 30°C)
t2 = 30.25°C

4. At an average temperature of 100°C, hot air flows through a 2.5 m long tube with an inside
diameter of 50 mm. The temperature of the tube is 20°C along its entire length. Convective film
coefficient is 20.1 W/m2-°K. Determine the convective heat transfer from air to the tube. (April ‘
97)
A) 900W B) 909 C) 624 D) 632
Solution:
A = lateral heat transfer area = π × D × L
= π × (0.050m) × (2.5m) = 0.3927 m2
QC = hC × A × (t2 – t1)
QC = 20.1W/m2-K × (0.3927m2 × (100 – 20)K
QC = 631.5 W

5. One kg of water initially at 15ºC is to be freeze at –3ºC. Calculate the total amount of heat to be
removed during the cooling process? Cpice = 0.5(Cpw)
A) 39.831KJ B) 403 C) 3983.1 D) 39,831
Solution:
Q1 = mC∆T = 1kg (4.187KJ/kg-K)(15 – 0)K = 62.8KJ
Q2 = m(Lf ) = 1kg (334KJ/kg) = 334KJ
Q3 = mC∆T = 1kg (0.5)(4.187)KJ/kg-K [0 – (– 3)] = 6.28KJ
QT = 403KJ
6. Calculate the enthalpy in KJ of 1.50 kg of fluid that occupies a volume of 0.565 m 3 if the internal
energy is 555.60 Kcal / kg and the pressure is 2 atm.
A) 2,603.7 KJ B) 3,603.7 C) 4,603.7 D) 5,603.7
Solution:
h = u + pv
= [555.6 kcal/kg x (1.055KJ/0.252kcal)] + 2atm(101.325)(0.565/1.5)m 3/kg
= 2402.35 KJ/kg
H = mh = 1.5(2402.35) = 3,603.5KJ

7. A volume of 400 cc of air is measured at a pressure of 740 mmHg abs and a temperature of 18°C.
What will be the volume at 760 mmHg and 0°C?
A) 376 cc B) 326 C) 356 D) 365
Solution:
P1V1 / T1 = P2V2 / T2
740(400) / [18+273] = 760 V2 / [0+273] V2 = 365 cc

8. When the pressure of an ideal gas is doubled while the absolute temperature is halved, the volume
is:
A) quadrupled B) doubled C) halved D) quartered.
Solution:
P1V1 / T1 = P2V2 / T2
V2 / V1 = P1T2 / P2T1 = P1(0.5T1) / 2P1T1 = (0.5)(0.5) = 0.25

9. Three resistors with 4, 5 and 6 ohms respectively are connected in parallel. Calculate the total
resistance in the circuit.
A) 6.122 B) 1.622 C) 2.661 D) 1.226
Solution:
1 / RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
= ¼ + 1/5 + 1/6
= 37/60
RT = 60/37 = 1.622 ohms

10. What current would flow for three hours through a resistance of 50 ohms to produce enough heat
to raise the temperature of ten kg water from the freezing point to boiling point?
A) 2.78amp B) 7.6 C) 0.776 D) 776
Solution:
Q = mC∆T = 10kg (4.187KJ/kg-K)(100K) = 4,187 KJ
Heat rate = 4,187KJ / 3hrs = 1,396 KJ/hr = 0.388 KW = 388 W
Therefore;
I = √ P / R = √388W / 50ohms = 2.78 amp

11. How many 100-W lamps connected in parallel can be placed in a 230 volts circuit, which is
protected by a 30-amp fuse?
A) 69 B) 70 C) 71 D) 72
Solution:
P = E x I = 230volts x 30amp = 6,900 watts
NL = 6900 / 100 = 69

12. A 12-V automotive storage battery is charged with a constant current of 10 amp for 3 hours.
Determine the amount of energy supplied to the battery in KW-hr.
A) 0.33 B) 0.36 C) 0.39 D) 0.42
Solution:
E = 12Volts x 10amp x 3hrs = 360watt-hrs = 0.36 KW-hr
13. Electrical resistance of 7 ohms and 11 ohms are connected in parallel and the combination of
which is then connected in series with a resistance of 15 ohms and a source of 220 volts.
Calculate the total current flowing in the circuit.
A) 0.57amp B) 11.41 C) 10.41 D) 0.057
Solution:
RT = 15 + [1 / (1/7 + 1/11)] = 19.28 ohms
I = E / R = 220volts / 19.28ohms = 11.41 amp

14. A 50 mm dia. pipe is 15 m long extends vertically downward from the bottom of an elevated tank
and discharges into air. When the water in the tank is 3 m from the entrance to the pipe, what is
the discharge in liters/sec?
A) 36.88L/s B) 38.86 C) 68.38 D) 63.88
Solution:
Vel = √2gh = √2(9.81)18 = 18.783 m/s
Q = V x A = (18.783) x 0.7854 x (0.05)2
= 0.03688 m3/s
= 36.88 liters / s

15. An opened topped cylindrical tank with oil (S.G. = 0.8) has a circular base 10m in diameter when
filled to a height of 8m. Calculate the force exerted in its base.
A) 4,296KN B) 4,926 C) 4,629 D) 4,962
Solution:
F = pressure x area
= (hγ) A
= 8m x [0.8(1000kg/m3)(9.81m/s2)] x [0.7854(10m)2]
= 4,926,028.8 N

16. If the velocity in a 300mm pipe is 0.50 m/s, determine the discharge in a 75mm diameter jet
attached to the pipe.
A) 33.5L/s B) 35.3 C) 53.3 D) 55.3
Solution:
Q = Vel1 x Area1 = Vel2 x Area2
= 0.50 m /s x 0.7854 x 0.3m2
= 0.03534 m3/sec
= 35.3 L/s

17. A wheel starts from rest and acquires a speed of 500 rad/sec in 15 seconds. Calculate the
approximate number of turns made by the wheel.
A) 119.4 B) 1,194 C) 11,940 D) 119,400
Solution:
NT = 500rad/s x 15 sec x 1rev / 2πrad
= 1,194 rev

18. A ball dropped from the roof of a building 40 m high will hit the ground with a velocity of:
A) 20 m/s B) 28 C) 38 D) 40
Solution:
V = √2gh = √2(9.81)(40) = 28m/s

19. One kg-mole of oxygen gas has a molecular mass of:

A) 16kg B) 32kg C) 16g D) 32g
Solution:
1 kg-mole = 32kg 1lb-mole = 32lb 1g-mole = 32gram
20. Ten liters of 25% salt solution and 15 liters of 35% salt solution are poured into a drum originally
containing 30 liters of 10% salt solution. What is the percent concentration of salt in the mixture?
A) 19.55% B) 22.15% C) 27.05% D) 25.72%
Solution:
25% + 35% + 10% = x%

10 15 30 55

0.25(10) + 0.35(15) + 0.10(30) = X (55)

x = 19.55%

21. Ethane gas burns according to the equation, 2C2H6 + 7 O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O.
What mass of CO2, measured at standard temperature and pressure, is formed for each gram-mole
of C2H6 burned?
A) 82.4 grams B) 88 C) 880 D) 180

2C2H6 → 4CO2 C2H6 → 2CO2 2g-mole [44 gm/g-mole] = 88gm

22. Express, X = 0.351351351…. into fractional number

A) 351/999 B) 351/100 C) 99/351 D) 351/98

23. Express, X = 0.353535 into fractional number

A) 35/99 B) 35/100 C) 99/35 D) 35/98
24. Express, X = 0.77777777 into fractional number :
A) X = 6/9 B) X = 7/ 10 C) X = 7/9 D) X = 6/10
x  2 2 2  .......
25. Evaluate:
A) X = 1 B) X = 2 C) X = 3 D) X= 4