jgj102-2003 CurtainWall PDF

PROFESSIONAL STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
1=fl1~ A ~ jt 5fl] 00 1-T .illt. *~ fiE
Technical Code
for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering
JGJ 102-2003
Chief Development Organization: China Academy of Building Research
Approval Department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
Implementation Date: January 1, 2004
Introduction
This version is one of China's enginering construction standards in English series,

which, in compliance with the relevant procedures and stipulations, has been organized
to translate by China association for Engineering Construction Standardiation (CECS)
authorized by Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development (MOHURD) of the
People's Republic of China. On December 4, 2008, MOHURD published it by means of
Annoumcement of No. 177.
The English version has been translated directly from the Chinese Standard "Tech
nical Code for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering" JGJ 102- 2002 published by China Ar
chitecture & Building Press. The copyright is owned by MOHURD. In the event of any
discrepancy in the process of implementation, the Chinese version shall prevail.
Many thanks should go to the organizations like China State Construction Engrg.
Corp. Ltd. who have offered strong support during the course of translation and reviso
ion of this version, and also to the staff from the relevant standard development organi
zations and groups who have provided practical assistance through their hard work.
For the sake of improving its quality, any kind of constructive criticism, comments
and suggestions in association with this version in welcome. It would be greatly appreci
ated if they could be fed back to CECS.
Post address: China Association for Engineering Construction Standardization
(CECS)
No.9, Sanlihe Rd, Haidian District
Beijing, 100835, China
Website: www.cecs.org.cn
E-mail: cecs@mail.cin.gov.cn
The English translation was done by Lin Bing Dou Chao Deng Ke Zhang Jingbo
Hu Zhongqi
Revised by Yu Liu Liu Tao Wang Dongyan
Department of Standards and Norms,

Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
of the People's Republic of China
Announcement of Ministry of Construction
of the People's Republic of China
No. 193
Announcement of publishing the professional

standard of "Technical Code for Glass Curtain Wall
Engineering" by Ministry of Construction
"Technical Code for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering" has been approved as a pro
fessional standard with a serial number of JGJ 102 - 2003, which shall be come into
force on January 1, 2004. Herein, 3. 1. 4, 3. 1. 5, 3. 6. 2, 4. 4. 4, 5. 1. 6, 5. 5. 1, 5. 6. 2,
6.2.1,6.3. L 7.1. 6,7.3.1,7.4.1,8.1. 2,8.1. 3,9.1. 4 and 10.7.4 are compulsory
provisions and must be enforced strictly. "Technical Code for Glass Curtain Wall Engi
neering" JGJ 102-96 shall be abolished simultaneously.
Authorized by Research Institute of Standards &. Norms Ministry of Construction,
this specification is published and distributed by China Architecture &. Building Press.
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China

November 14, 2003
Foreword
According to the requirements of Document Jian Biao [2000J No. 284 issued by
Ministry of Construction (MOC) , the standard revision group carried out extensive in
vestigative study, summarized practical experiences, control overseas advanced stand
ards, and with the collection of extensive comments, finally made a revision on "Techni
cal Code for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering" JGJ 102-96.
The main technical contents in this code as follows:
1. General provisions;
2. Terms and symbols;
3. Materials;
4. Architectural design;
5. Basic requirement for structural design;
6. Structural design of framed supported glass curtain wall;
7. Structural design of full glass curtain wall;
8. Structural design of point-supported glass curtain wall;
9. Fabrication;
10. Construction;
11. Project acceptance;
12. Maintenance and repair;
13. Appendix A~Appendix C.
The main revised contents are as follows:
1. The limitation for maximum applicable height of glass curtain wall in the code is
abolished, at the same time the requirements are added that wind tunnel test shall be
performed to determine the wind load when the height of glass curtain wall is larger than
200m or the shape and the wind load circumstance are complicated;
2. The contents of wind load calculation, earthquake action calculation, action
effect of combination are revised;
3. The content about calculation of temperature action effect is abolished;
4. In the calculation of stress and deflection of glass panel, the effect of geometric
nonlinearity is considered;
5. The calculation method and relevant provisions for insulating glass and laminat
ed glass are added;
6. The provisions for design, fabricating, construction of frame supported glass
curtain wall assembled in prefabricated units are added;
• 1 •
7. The provisions for design, fabrication and construction of point-supported glass
curtain wall are added;
8. The checking computation and control qualification for deflection of glass curtain
wall in serviceability limit state are revised and adjusted;
9. The safety provisions for the processes of design, installation, and application
are revised;
10. The provisions for relative detail design of glass curtain wall are revised.
Ministry of Construction is in charge of the administration of this specification and
the explanation of the compulsory provisions.
Chief Development Organization:
China Academy of Building Research (Address: Post code: 100013,
address: No. 30, East Road of Northern Sanhuan, Beijing, China)
Participation Development Organization:
Zhongshan Shengxing Curtain Wall Co, Ltd.
Shenyang YUANDA Aluminum Industry Project Co, Ltd.
Shenzhen Fangda Decoration Industry Project Co, Ltd.
Wuhan Lingyun Architectural Decoration Industry Project Co, Ltd.
Sanxin Special Glass Technological Company Limited
Shenzhen North International Industrial Stock Co, Ltd.
Southeast University
Shanghai Institute of Architectural Design and Research Co, Ltd.
Guangzhou Baiyun Sealant Factory
Guangdong Goden-glass Technical Stock Co, Ltd.
China Scientific Research Institute of Architectural Material
Chief Drafting Staffs:
Huang Xiaokun Zhao Xi'an Jiang Qinghai Tan Hengyu
Gong Wansen Xie Haizhuang Peng Hailong
Hu Zhongming Feng Jian Sun Baolian Wang Hongmin
Huang Qingwen Li Tao Huang Yongjun Yang Jianjun
• 2 •
Contents
1 General Provisions .
2 Terms and Symbols 2
2.1 Terms 2
2. 2 Symbols ( 3
3 Materials .. · '" " , ( 6
3. 1 General Requirement ( 6
3.2 Aluminum Alloy Material .. · .. ·· ·· .. · ·· .. ·.. · · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. ·· ·· .. ·.. ·.. 6
3.3 Steel .. ·· · .. ·· .. ;.. · · .. · .. ·· · .. · .. · .. ·· · .. ·· · .. · .. · .. · .. ·· (8)
3.4 Glass ( 9 )
3.5 Weather Proofing Sealed Materials (10)
3. 6 Structural Silicone Sealant (1 1 )
3. 7 Other Materials (11)
4 Architectural Design '" (1 2 )
4. 1 General Requirement (12)
4. 2 Requirements of Performance and Inspection· · .. ·· ·· ·· .. ·.. · · .. · .. · (12)
4.3 Design of Constructional Detailing (14)
4. 4 Safety Provisions ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (1 5 )
5 Basic Requirement for Structural Design (18)
5. 2 Mechanical Properties of Materials (19)
5. 3 Load and Earthquake Action (21)
5.4 Action Effect Combination (23)
5. 5 Design of Connections (24)
5. 6 Design of Structural Silicone Sealant (25)
6 Structural Design of Framed Supported Glass Curtain Wall (28)
6. 1 Glass (28)
6.2 Transom 0. .•• ...•.• .•.•.. ...•.....•..•..... .•••.. (31)
6.3 Mullion '0' ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 ••••••••••••• (33)
7 Structural Design of Full Glass Curtain Wall (37)
7.1 General Requirement (37)
7. 2 Panel ... (37)
7.3 Glass Rib (38)
7.4 Sealantloint (39)
• 1 •
8 Structural Design of Point-supported Glass Curtain Wall (4 1 )
8. 1 Glass Panel (41)
8. 2 Supporting Device (43)
8. 3 Supporting Structure (43)
9 Fabrication (46)
9.2 Aluminum Profiles (46)
9.3 Steel Element (48)
9.4 Glass (50)
9.5 Components of Exposed Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall (52)
9.6 Components of Hidden Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall (54)
9.7 Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall Assembled in Prefabricated Units (55)
9. 8 Inspection of Elements of Glass Curtain Wall (57)
10 Construction· · (59)
10. 2 Preparations for Installation and Construction (60)
10.3 Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall Assembled in Elements (61)
10.4 Frame Supported Glass Curtain wall Assembled in Fabricated Units (63)
10.5 Full Glass Curtain Wall (65)
10.6 Point-supported Glass Curtain Wall (66)
10. 7 Safety Provisions (68)
11 Project Acceptance '" , , '" (70)
11. 2 Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall (71)
11. 3 Full Glass Curtain Wall (74)
11. 4 Point-supported Glass Curtain Wall (74)
12 Maintenance and Repair (76)
12.1 General Requirement (76)
12.2 Inspection and Repair (77)
12.3 Cleaning· .... ·· .. ·.... ·· · .. ·· ·· · .. ·· · .. ·· · .. · .. · .. ·· · .. ·· · .. ·· .. (78)
Appendix A Design Value of Strength of Atmospheric Corrosion

Resisting Steel " '" " (7 9 )
Appendix B Design Value of Connection Strength of Steel Structure (81)
Appendix C Design of Pre-embedded Parts (84)
Explanation of Wording in This Code'" ... ... (87)
• 2 •
1 General Provisions
1. O. 1 This code is formulated with a view to ensure safety and usability, advanced
technique, economy and rationality in glass curtain wall project.
1. O. 2 This code is applicable to the design, fabrication, Construction, project accept
ance, maintenance and repair of glass curtain wall project of civilian building in non-seis
mic design and seismic design with earthquake fortification intensity of 6, 7, 8 degree.
1. O. 3 In normal serviceability state, glass curtain wall shall keep good working per
formance. The curtain wall with seismic design shall work normally under the action of
earthquake occurred frequently; it shall still work normally after repair under the action
of fortification intensity earthquake; the framework of glass curtain wall shall not sepa
rate and fall under the action of earthquake occurred infrequently.
1. O. 4 Quality control in whole process shall be implemented during design, fabrica
tion, and construction of glass curtain wall proj ect.
1. O. 5 The materials, design, fabrication, construction and acceptance, shall comply
not only with the requirements stipulated in this code, but also those in the current rele
van t ones of the na tion.
• 1 •
2 Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2. 1. 1 Building curtain wall

Exterior enclosure structure or decorative structure of building, which comprises
supporting structural system and panels, and has the ability to accommodate a certain a
mount of relevant displacement to the main structure, without bearing the action on
main structure.
2.1.2 Composite curtain wall
Building curtain wall which comprises different materials of panels (such as glass,
metal, slate, etc. ).
2. 1. 3 Glass curtain wall
Building curtain wall which takes glass as panel material.
2. 1. 4 Inclined building curtain wall
Glass curtain wall which is inclined at an angle larger than 75 degree and less than
90 degree to the horizontal.
2. 1. 5 Frame supported glass curtain wall
Glass curtain wall in which the panel IS supported on circumference with metal
frame. Main types are as follows:
1 According to the type of curtain wall, it may be:
1) Exposed frame supported glass curtain wall
Frame supported glass curtain wall in which elements of metal frame are fully
exposed to the out surface of panels.
2) Hidden frame supported glass curtain wall
Frame supported glass curtain wall in which elements of metal frame are fully
not exposed to the out surface of panels.
3)Semi-hidden frame supported glass curtain wall
Frame supported glass curtain wall in which the horizontal or vertical elements
of metal frame are exposed to the out surface of panels.
2 According to the methods of construction of curtain wall, 'it may be:
1) Frame supported glass curtain wall assembled in prefabricated units
Frame supported glass curtain wall in which the panels and metal frame (tran
som, mullion) are assembled into curtain wall units in manufactory, then the
curtain wall units are installed on site.
• 2 •
2) Frame supported glass curtain wall assembled in elements
Frame supported glass curtain wall in which the mullions. transoms and glass
panels are installed in sequence on site.
2. 1. 6 Full glass curtain wall
The glass curtain wall which comprises glass ribs and glass panels.
2.1.7 Point-supported glass curtain wall
The glass curtain wall which comprises glass panels. point supporting devices and
supporting structure.
2. 1. 8 Supporting device
The connection device between glass panels and supporting structure.
2.1.9 Supporting structure
In point-supported glass curtain wall. the structural system which supports the
glass panels with supporting devices.
2. 1. 10 Stand
Spiral steel tendon which consists of a number of twisted steel wires.
2.1.11 Structural silicone sealant
The structure silicone adhesive. which is applied to adhering plate and metal frame.
plate and plate. plate and glass rib in curtain wall. and is called structural silicone adhe
sive for short.
2.1.12 Weather proofing silicone sealant
Silicone sealing material which is applied to curtain wall caulking. called weather
resisting adhesive.
2. 1. 13 Double-faced adhesive tape
Polyarethan formate or polyethylene low foam materials with adhesive on the two
surfaces. which is applied to control the position and cross sectional dimension of struc
tural sealant in curtain wall.
2. 1. 14 Bimetallic corrosion
Galvanic Corrosion formed by different types of metal or other electric conductors
as the electrodes.
2.1.15 Compatibility
The property that mutual harmful physical or chemical reaction does not arise when
adhesive sealing material with the same or other materials.
2.2 Symbols
2.2.1 Mechanic property of materiaLs

C20--Concrete strength grade with cubic strength characteristic value of
2
20N/mm ;
• 3 •
E--Modulus of elasticity of materials;
f--Design value of strength of materials;
f.--Design value of strength of aluminum alloy;
fc--Design value of axial compressive strength of concrete;
fg--Design value of strength of glass;
f.--Design value of strength of steel;
f.--Design value of axial tensile strength of concrete;
fy--Design value of tensile strength of steel.
2.2. 2 Action and action effect

dr--Deflection of curtain wall element caused by characteristic value of actions;
Gk--Characteristic value of gravity load;
M--Design value of bending moment;
Mx--Design value of bending moment about x axis;
My--Design value of bending moment about y axis;
N--Design value of axial force;
PEk--Characteristic value of concentrated earthquake action parallel to the plane
of curtain wall;
qEk--Characteristic value of horizontal earthquake action normal to the plane of
curtain wall;
qE--Design value of horizontal earthquake action normal to the plane of curtain wall;
qG--Design value of gravity load on unit area of glass of curtain wall;
R--Design value of shear capacity of element cross-section;
S--Design value of action effect combination;
SEk--Characteristic val ue of earthquake action effects;
SGk--Characteristic value of permanent load effects;
Swk--Characteris tic val ue of wind load effect;
V--Design value of shear force;

w--Design value of wind load;
wo--Reference wind pressure;
wk--Characteristic val ue of wind load;
O'wk--Maximum characteristic value of stress of glass of curtain wall under the
action of wind load;
O'Ek--Maximum characteristic value of stress of glass of curtain wall under the
action of earthquake action.
2. 2. 3 Geometric Parameters
a--The length of the shorter side of rectangular glass panel;
A--Cross-sectional area or gross cross-sectional area of element; area of glass
• 4
curtain wall plane;
An--Net cross-sectional area of mullions;
A.--Total cross-sectional area of anchoring rebars;
b --The length of the longer side of rectangular glass panel;
c,--Bonding width of structural silicone sealant;
d--Diameter of anchoring rebar;
l--Span;
t--Thickness of glass panel; thickness of section of profiles;
t.--Bonding thickness of structural silicone sealant;
W--Gross resisting moment of cross-section;
W n--Net resisting moment of cross-section;
Wnx--Net resisting moment of cross-section about x axis;
Wny--Net resisting moment of cross-section about y axis;
z--Distance between centerline of anchoring rebar in outer layer.

2.2.4 Coefficients
a--Linear expansion coefficient of material;
amRx--Maximum value of horizontal seismic influence coefficient;
{3E--Dynamic amplifica tion factor of earthq uake action;
{3g.--Gustiness factor;
~Displacement bearing capacity of structural silicone sealant;

ep --Stability factor;
y--Plasticity adaptation factor;
Yo--Coefficient of the importance of structure;
yg--Characteristic value of self-weight of material;
YE--Partial coefficient of earthquake action;
YG--Partial coefficient of permanent load;
YRE--Seismic adjusting factor for load-carrying capacity of structural element;

Yw--Partial coefficient of wind load;
TJ --Red uction coefficient;
fl.--Shape factor of wind load;
fl.--Height variation factor of wind pressure;
u--Poisson's ratio of material;
epE--Com bina tion val ue coefficient of earthquake action effect;
epw--Combination value coefficient of wind load action effect.
2.2.5 Other
dr.\im--Limit value of the deflection of element;
,l.--Slenderness ratio.
• 5 •
3 Materials
3. 1 General Requirement
3.1.1 Materials for glass curtain wall shall meet the requirements of the provisions in
current national standards and of design.
Material without relevant standard shall meet the design requirements, and have
factory certification of q ualifica tion.
3.1.2 Weather resisting materials shall be selected for glass curtain wall. For metal
material and metal installation kits, except stainless steel and atmospheric corrosion re
sisting steel, common steel shall be treated with surface hot dip galvanization or Inor
ganic zinc-rich coatings or other effective anti-corrosive measures, and aluminum alloy
material shall be treated with surface anodic oxidation or electrophoretic painting or
powder spraying or fluorocarbon paint spaying.
3.1.3 Glass curtain wall shall adopt non-combustible or hard-combustible materials;
fire-resisting sealing detail shall adopt fire-resisting sealing material.
3. 1. 4 For hidden and semi-hidden frame supported glass curtain wall, neutral structural
silicone sealant shall be adopted for the cementation of glass and aluminum profiles; when
coated glass is used for full glass curtain wall and point-supported curtain wall, acid struc
tural silicone sealant shall not be adopted for cementation.
3. 1. 5 Structural silicone sealant and weather proofing silicone sealant shall be adopted in
the effective period.
3. 2 Aluminum Alloy Material
3.2.1 The corresponding chemical constitution to the brand of aluminum alloy profiles
used in glass curtain wall shall comply with the requirements of relevant provisions in
current national standard "Wrought Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys-Chemical Compo
sition Limits" GB/T 3190. The quality of aluminum alloy profiles shall comply with the
requirements of provisions in current national standard "Wrought Aluminum Alloy Pro
files for Architecture" GB/T 5237, the dimension of profiles shall reach high precision
class or ultrahigh precision class.
3.2.2 When aluminum alloy profiles are treated with surface anodic oxidation or elec
trophoretic painting or powder spraying or fluorocarbon paint spaying, the quality re
quirements of the provisions in current national standard "Wrought Aluminum Alloy
Profiles for Architecture" GB/T 5237 shall be complied with, and the thickness of sur
• 6 •
face treatment coat shall comply with the requirements in Table 3.2.2.
Table 3. 2. 2 Thickness of Surface Treatment Coat of Aluminum Alloy Profiles
Coat thickness grade Thickness t (I'm)

Surface treatment method
(type of coat) Average coat thickness Local coat thickness
Anodic oxidation Not less than AA15 t~15 t~12
Anodic oxidation coat B t~10 t~8

Electrophoretic
Paint coat B - t~7
painting
Composite coat B - t~16
Powder spraying - - 40~1~120
Fluorocarbon spaying - t~40 t"",34
3.2.3 For thermal isolated aluminum profiles fabricated by Truantiao technic,

PA66GF25 (polyamide 66 + 25 glass fiber) shall be adopted with the thermal isolated
material, and PVC ma terial shall not be adopted. For thermal isolated aluminum pro
files fabricated by casting technic, PUR (Polyanethane) shall be adopted with the ther
mal isolated material. The shear strength of the connection region shall comply with the
design requirements.
3.2.4 The mating aluminum alloy windows and doors used together with glass curtain
wall shall comply with the requirements of provisions in current national standard" Alu
minum Doors" GB/T 8478 and" Aluminum Windows" GB/T 8479.
3.2. 5 Accessories and fasteners used together with glass curtain wall shall comply
with the requirements of as current national standards following:
"Floor Hinges" GB/T 9296
"Fasteners for Side Hung Aluminum Alloy Windows" GB/T 9298
"Stainless Steel Friction Stays for Aluminum Windows" GB/T 9300
"Bolts for Side Hung Aluminum Alloy Doors" GB/T 9297
"Casement Stays for Aluminum Alloy Window" GB/T 9299
"Handles for Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows" GB/T 9301
"Locks for Aluminum Alloy Windows" GB/T 9302
"Locks for Aluminum Alloy Doors" GB/T 9303
"Door Closer" GB/T 9305
"Sheaves for Aluminum Alloy Sliding Doors and Windows" GB/T 9304
"Fasteners; Clearance Holes for Bolts and Screws" GB/T 5277
"Pan Head Screws With Cross Recess" GB/T 818
"Mechanical Properties of Fasteners-Bolts, Screws and Studs" GB/T 3098. 1
"Mechanical Properties of Fasteners-Nuts-Coarse Thread" GB/T 3098.2
"Mechanical Properties of Fasteners-Nuts-Fine Pitch Thread" GB/T 3098.4
"Mechanica'l Properties of Fasteners-Tapping Screws" GB/T 3098. 5
• 7 •
"Mechanical Properties of Corrosion-resistant Stainless Fasteners-Steel Bolts
Screws and Studs" GB/T 3098. 6
"Mechanical Properties of Fasteners-nuts are Made of Stainless-steel" GB/T 3098. 15
3.3 Steel
3.3.1 The steel grade, brand, and qualification class of carbon structural steels and
low alloy structural steels used for glass curtain wall shall comply with the requirements
of the following current national standards and professional standards:
"Carbon Structural Steels" GB/T 700
"Quality Carbon Structural Steels" GB/T 699
"Alloy Structure Steels" GB/T 3077
"High Strength Low Alloy Structural Steels" GB/T 1591
"Hot-rolled Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Structural Steel Sheets and Strips" GB/T
912
"Hot-rolled Plates and Strips of Carbon Structural Steels and High Strength Low
Alloy Structural Steels" GB/T 3274
"Seamless Steel Tube for Structure" ]B] 102
3.3.2 Austenitic stainless steel in which the amount of nickel more than 8% are stain
less steel used for glass curtain wall. The stainless steel shall comply with the require
ments of the following current national standards and professional standards:
"Stainless Steel Bars" GB/T 1220
"Cold Finished Stainless Steel Bars" GB/T 4226
"Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Plate Sheet and Strip" GB/T 3280
"Hot Rolled Stainless Steel Strips" YB/T 5090
"Hot Rolled Stainless Steel Plate Sheet and Strip" GB/T 4237
"Cold Rolled Stainless Steel and Heatresisting Steel Strips" GB/T 4239
3.3. 3 The atmospheric corrosion resisting steel for glass curtain wall shall comply
with the requirements of provisions in current national standard "Superior Atmospheric
Corrosion Resisting Structural Steel" GB/T 4171 and" Atmospheric Corrosion Resisting
Steel for Welded Structure" GB/T 4172.
3.3.4 The carbon structural steel and high strength low alloy structural steel for glass
curtain wall shall be treated with anti-corrosive measure. When treated with hot dip gal
vanization, the thickness of zinc coat shall comply with the requirements of provisions in
current national standard "Metallic Coatings-Hot Dip Galvanized Coatings on Fabricated
Iron and Steel Articles-Specifications and Test Methods" GB/T 13912.
3.3.5 When luorocarbon paint spaying and plyurethane paint spaying are adopted to
the carbon structural steel and high strength low alloy structural steel for supporting
• 8 •
structure, the coat thickness should not be less than 35; In the region with heavy air
pollution and seashore region, the coat thickness should not be less than 45.
3.3.6 Stainless strand for point-supported glass curtain wall shall comply with the re
quirements of provisions in current national standard" Stainless Steel Wires for Cold
Heading and Cold Forging" GB/T 4232, "Stainless Steel Wires" GB/T 4240, "Stainless
Steel Wire Ropes" GB/T 9944.
3.3.7 The technical requirements of anchorages for point-supported glass curtain wall
shall comply with the provisions in the current national standards" Anchorage Grip and
Coupler for Pre-stressing Tendons" GB/T 14370, and "Technical Specification for Ap
plication of Anchorage Grip and Coupler for Pre-stressing Tendons" JGJ 85.
3.3.8 The supporting devices for point-supported glass curtain wall shall comply with
the requirements of provisions in current professional standard "The Support Device of
Point Supported Glass Curtain Wall" JG 138. The supporting devices for full glass cur
tain wall shall comply with the requirements of provisions in current professional stand
ards "The Support Device of Point Supported Glass Curtain Wall" JGJ 138 and "The
Support Device of Suspended Glass Curtain Wall" ]G 139.
3.3.9 When steel elements are welded, the requirements stipulated in current national
standards "Technical Specification for Welding of Steel Structure of Building" GB/T
8162, "Carbon Steel Covered Electrodes" GB/T 5117, "Low Alloy Steel Covered Elec
trodes" GB/T 5118 and current professional standard "Technical Specification for Weld
ing of Steel Structure of Building" JGJ 81 shall be complied with.
3.4 Glass
3.4. 1 The appearance quality and performance of glass of curtain wall shall comply
with the requirements of the following current national standards and professional
standards:
"Tempered Glass" GB/T 9963
"Tempered and Heat-strengthened Glass Used in Curtain Walls" GB/T 17841
"Laminated Glass" GB 9962
"Sealed Insulating Glass Unit" GB/T 11944
"Float Glass" GB/T 11614
"Safety Glazing Materials in Building Fire-resistant Glass" GB 15763.1
"Colored Glass" GB/T 18701
"Coated Glass-part 1: Solar Control Coated Glass" GB/T 18915. 1
"Coated Glass-part 2: Low Emissivity Coated Glass" GB/T 18915.2
3.4.2 When solar control coated glass is adopted in glass curtain wall, the production
technique of vacuum magnetron sputtering method shall be adopted for the coated glass
• 9 •
manufactured with off-line method; the production technique of heat spraying method
shall be adopted for coated glass manufactured with on-line method.
3.4.3 Sealed insulating glass shall comply not only with the relevant requirements
stipulated in current national standard" Sealed Insulating Glass Unit" GB/T 11944",
but also those in the following when adopted in glass curtain wall:
1 The thickness of the gas layer shall not be less than 9mm;
2 Double sealant shall be adopted in sealed insulating glass. The first shall adopt
hot-melt butyl sealant. The second shall adopt structural silicone sealant in hidden,
semi-hidden frame supported glass curtain wall and point-supported glass curtain wall.
The second shall adopt polysulfide insulating glass sealant in exposed frame supported
glass curtain wall, and silicone sealant is applicable as well. Special sealing equipment
shall be adopted to mix and seal the second sealant;
3 The continuously bending-folding type or corner-inserted type shall be adopted
for the spacing aluminum frame of sealed insulating glass, and hot-melt spacing rubber
strip shall not be applicable. Desiccant in the spacing aluminum frame shall be filled
with special equipment;
4 Measures shall be adopted to eliminate the probable ruggedness on the glass
surface during processing of insulating glass.
3.4.4 Glass of curtain wall shall be treated with mechanical edging in which the num
ber of grinding wheel shall be more than 180. The edges of holes and sides of glass of
point-supported glass shall be ground and chamfered, and the edge grinding shall be
fine, the chamfering width should not be less than lmm.
3.4.5 Tempered glass should be processed by secondary thermal treatment.
3.4.6 When adopted in glass curtain wall, laminated glass shall be fabricated with dry
method, and polyvinyl-butyral CPVB) film shall be adopted as the interlayer; When the
layers are combined, temperature and humidity shall be controlled strictly.
3.4.7 When single sheet low emissivity coated glass is adopted in glass curtain wall,
online heat spaying low emissivity coated glass shall be Llsed; off-line coated low emis
sivity coated glass should be fabricated into insulating glass, and the coated surface shall
face the middle gas layer.
3.4.8 When fire-resistant req uirements for glass of curtain wall are considered, single
sheet fire-resistant glass or its product shall be used according to the requirements of
fire-protection grade.
3.4.9 For daylighting glaze-colored glass in glass curtain wall, the glaze should be
printed with silk screening.
3.5 Weather Proofing Sealed Materials
3.5.1 Rubber production used in glass curtain wall should be ternary ethyleneprop
• 10 •
ylene rubber, chloroprene rubber and silicone rubber.
3.5.2 Sealed rubber strip shall comply with the requirements of provisions in current
national standards "Rubber Building Gaskets -materials for Preformed Solid Vulcanized
Structural Gaskets-specification" HB/T 3099 and "Industrial Rubber Sheet" GB/T 5574.
3.5.3 Hot-melt butyl sealant used as the first sealant in insulating glass shall comply
with the requirements of provisions in current professional standard" Hot Melt Butyl
Sealant for Insulating Glass" lC/T 914. The secondary sealant not bearing load shall
comply with the requirements of provisions in current professional standard "Resilient
Sealant for Insulating Glass" lC/T 486. The secondary sealant in hidden or semi-hidden
frame supported glass curtain wall shall comply not only with the relevant requirements
stipulated in "Resilient Sealant for Insulating Glass" lC/T 486, but also those in section
3. 6 in this code.
3.5.4 Weather proofing silicone sealant shall be used for the weather proofing sealing
of glass curtain wall. When non-coated glass is used in point-supported curtain wall and
full glass curtain wall, acid structural silicone sealant may be adopted for the weather
proofing sealing, with the performance in accordance with the provisions in current na
tional standard "Sealants for loint Glass Curtain Wall" lC/T 882. Neutral structural
silicone sealant should be used for the sealing between panel joints of laminated glass.
3.6 Structural Silicone Sealant
3.6.1 The performance of neutral structural silicone sealant and acid structural sili
cone sealant used in curtain wall shall comply with the requirements of provisions in cur
rent national standards "Structural Silicone Sealants for Building" GB 16776.
3. 6. 2 Before appling of structural silicone sealant, compatibility and stripping, bonding
failure and cementation tests with its contact materials shall be performed by the national
authorized test organization, and the Shore hardness, tensile cementation performance
shall be rechecked. The unqualified product in checking shall not be used. Imported struc
tural silicone sealant shall be with checking report of the product.
3.6.3 The manufacturer of structural silicone sealant shall provide data about dis
placement bearing capacity and quality guaranty of structural sealant.
3.7 Other Materials
3.7.1 Low foam spacing double-faced adhesive tape used together with single-compo
nent structural silicone sealant shall be air-permeable.
3.7.2 Polyethylene foam bars should be adopted in glass curtain wall as the filling ma
terial, of which the density shall not larger than 37kg/m 3 •
3.7.3 Non-combustible or hard-combustible materials such as rock wool, mine wool,
glass woo!' fireproof board, etc. should be used as the thermal isolated mate.rial.
·11
4 Archi tectural design
4.1.1 The type, structure and material of glass curtain wall shall be selected with
comprehensive technical and economical analysis according to service function and eleva
tion design.
4. 1. 2 Glass curtain wall shall be in harmony with the entire building and surrounding
environment.
4.1.3 The elevation division grid should be compatible with indoor space combination,
and should not interfere the interior function and vision. The determination of dimen
sion of glass panels shall increase the utilization ratio of original glass, and shall be com
patible with processing ability of manufacturing facilities for tempered, coated, laminat
ed glass.
4.1.4 The glass panel of curtain wall shall be convenient for replacing.
4. 1. 5 The open window of curtain waH shall be set in accordance with the require
ments of service function and elevation effect, shall be convenient for opening, and a
void the position of beams, columns and partition walls. The open angle of open WIn
dow should not be larger than 90 degree, and the open should not be larger than
300mm.
4.1.6 Glass curtain wall shall be convenient for maintenance and cleaning. Cleaning e
quipment should be set for curtain waH project with a height more than 40m.
4.2 Requirements of Performance and Inspection
4.2. 1 The performance design of glass curtain wall shall be carried out according to
the type, height, shape of the building and the geography, climate, environment condi
tions at the building site.
4.2.2 The performance gradation of glass curtain wall for wind pressure resistance,
air-tightness, water-tightness, heat preservation, sound insulation, shall comply with
the requirements of provisions in current national standards "Gradation of Physical Per
formances for Building Curtain Walls" GB/T 15225.
4.2.3 The performance of wind pressure resistance of glass curtain wall shall meet the
requirement in which under the action of characteristic value of wind load, its deforma
tion shall not exceed the defined val ue, and no damage arises.
4.2.4 When heating, ventilation and air conditioning are required, the air-tightness
• 12 •
performance of glass curtain wall shall not be lower than grade 3.
4.2.5 The water-tightness performance of glass curtain wall may be design according
to the following method:
1 In the regions, which suffer from tropical storm and typhoon, the water-tight
ness value in design may be calculated according to the following formula, and the fixed
part should not be less than lOOOPa;
P= l000,u,,us wo (4.2.5)
Where P--The water-tightness value in design (Pa) ;
Wo --Reference wind pressure (kN/ m 2 ) ;
,u,--Height variation factor of wind pressure;
,us--Shape factor of wind load, may be taken as 1. 2.
2 In some other regions, water-tightness may be design with the val ue which is
75 % of the calculation value in item 1, and the fixed part should not be less than 700Pa;
3 Water-tightness grade of the openable part should be the same with that of the
fixed part.
4.2.6 The performance of in-plane deformation of glass curtain wall in non-seismic de
sign shall be designed with the limit value of elastic story drift rotation of main struc
ture; in seismic design, it shall be designed with 3 times of the limit value of elastic sto
ry drift rotation of main structure. The matching dimensions of glass and aluminum
frame shall also comply with the requirements in article 9. 5. 2 and 9.5.3.
4.2.7 Insulating glass shall be adopted in glass curtain wall with the requirement of
heat preservation, and heat insulation aluminum profiles shall be adopted if necessary;
Suitable shading device shall be designed or sun shading glass shall be adopted in glass
curtain wall with the requirement of heat insulation.
4.2.8 The design of sound insulation performance of glass curtain wall shall be per
formed according to the service function and environment condition of the building.
4.2.9 The glass of curtain wall with the reflectance not larger than O. 3 shall be adopt
ed in glass curtain wall, and the reduction coefficient of daylightning of glass should not
be less than 0.2 for the glass curtain wall with the requirement of day lighting function.
4. 2. 10 The performance inspection items of glass curtain wall shall comprise perform
ances of wind pressure resistance, air-tightness and water-tightness. The inspection of
performance of in-plane deformation and other performance may be added if necessary.
4.2.11 The performance inspection shall be carried out by national authorized organi
zation. The material, detail, construction method of inspection specimen shall be the
same with those of practical project.
4.2.12 In the performance inspection, when some performance item does not meet the
requirements stipulated because of installation defect, re-inspection is allowed after the
• 13 •
installation technique is improved and defect is mended. The inspection report shall in
clude content about the improvement, and the construction of glass curtain wall shall be
performed according to the improved installation technique. When the performance In
spection does not reach the stipulated range because of defect of design or materials, In
spection shall be ceased, specimen shall be remade and new inspection shall be per
formed after design is revised or materials are changed.
4. 3 Design of Constructional Detail
4.3.1 The constructional detail of glass curtain wall shall satisfy the principle of being
safe, practical useful, aesthetic, and shall be convenient for fabrication, installation,
repainment, maintenance and partially-replacing.
4.3.2 In the joint position of exposed frame supported glass curtain wall, the butt in
serting position of frame supported glass curtain wall assembled in prefabricated units
and open position of curtain wall, detail design shall be performed according to rain
screen principle. For the position where rain probably penetrates and condensate water
probably forms, detail measure of water transmitting and draining shall be adopted.
4.3.3 Structural silicone sealant shall be adopted for the non-bearing sealant joint of
glass curtain wall. The surrounding joints of open sash should be sealed with sealing
strip product of chloroprene rubber, ternary ethylenepropylene rubber or silicone rub
ber.
4.3.4 For glass curtain wall with canopy, coping and other architectural details that
project from wall surface, the detail design of water proofing and draining at the conju
gation regions.
4.3.5 The thermal isolated materials with damp proofing property or detail measures
of vapor insulation and damp proofing shall be adopted in glass curtain wall.
4.3.6 When butt-inserted type of composite elements are adopted for units in frame
supported glass curtain wall assembled in prefabricated units, detail measures of sealing
of anti-seepage shall be taken in the intersection position.
4.3.7 Measures shall be taken to prevent frictional noise in the connection region of
curtain wall. Rigid contact shall be avoid in the connection between mullion and transom
of elements curtain wall, where flexible gasket or clearance of 1 ~ 2mm which is filled
with sealant shall be reserved; When glass assembly is fixed with hook-type connections
in hidden frame supported glass curtain wall, flexible gasket shall be set at the contact
surface of hook.
4.3.8 Insulating gasket shall be set or other anti-corrosive measures shall be taken in
the contact region between different types of materials in glass curtain wall except stain
less steel.
• 14 •
4.3.9 The width of sealant joint between glass panels of curtain wall shall meet the re
quirement of deformation of glass and sealant. and should not be less than 10mm.
4.3. 10 The clearance between the surface circumference of glass of curtain wall and
ornaments of building exterior and interior should not be less than 5mm. which may be
sealed with flexible material. Full glass curtain wall shall also meet the requirement of
provisions in article 7.1. 6 in this code.
4.3.11 Hard rubber heel block shall be interlaid to support between the nether edge of
glass and the groove bottom of nether frame in exposed frame supported curtain wall. of
which the number shall be two. and the thickness shall not be less than 5mm, the
length of each block shall not be less than 100mm.
4.3. 12 The clearance between the glass bottom to the groove bottom of nether frame
in exposed frame supported curtain wall shall meet the requirement of the following for
mula:
2CI(1+1~X~~)~Ulim (4.3.12)
Where u'im--Deformation limit value of division grid frame caused by story drift of
main structure (mm) ;
II --Length of the vertical side of rectangular glass panel (mm);
lz--Length of the transverse side of rectangular glass panel (mm) ;
c,--Average value of clearances between glass and the left, the right frames
(mm). construction devia tion of 1. 5mm shall be considered;
cz--Average value of clearances between glass and the upper. the nether
frames (mm), construction deviation of 1. 5mm shall be considered.
Note: In non-seismic design, Ulim shall be determined according to the limit value of elastic story drift rotation of
main structure, in seismic design, Ulim shall be determined according to 3 times of the limit value of elastic sto
ry drift rotation of main structure.
4.3.13 The panel unit of glass curtain wall shall not cross the deformation joints of
main building, of which the design of detail joint corresponding to the deformation joint
of main building, shall be capable to meet the requirements of accommodating the de
formation of main building.
4. 4 Safety Provisions
4.4.1 Safety glass should be adopted for frame supported glass curtain wall.
4.4.2 Tempered glass shall be adopted for the glass panel of point-supported glass cur
tain wall.
4.4.3 Tempered glass shall be adopted as glass rib for point-supported glass curtain
wall supported by glass ribs.
4. 4. 4 In the public site where there is large flow density of humans juveniles or infants I
• 15 •
exercise and the position which is subject to suffer collisions, safety glass shall be adopted
in the glass curtain wall; in the position which is subject to suffer collisions, conspicuous
signs of warning shall also be set.
4.4.5 Collision proof facility shall be set when there is no solid wall at the floor edge
adjacent to glass curtain wall.
4.4.6 Fire protection design of glass curtain wall shall comply with the requirements
of relevant provisions in current national standard "Code of Design on Building Fire Pro
tection and Prevention" GB 50016. Fire protection design of glass curtain wall of tall
building shall also comply with the requirements of relevant provisions in current na
tional standard "Code for Fire Protection Design of Tall Building" GB 50045.
4.4.7 Fire resistance plugging design shall be carried out of the clearance between
glass curtain wall and the surrounding fire-resisting partition elements, the outer edge
of floor or partition wall, the edge of open in solid wall.
4.4.8 In the normal service state, the fire-resisting plugging detail systems of glass
curtain wall shall have the capability of expansion and contraction, tightness and dura
bility; in the on-fire state, it shall maintain relevant stability, not dehisced or fall off
within the stipulated fire-resisting limit.
4.4.9 Non-combustible or hard-combustible materials of which the fire-resisting limit
meets the design requirement shall be adopted as the filling material and protective fa
cing material of the fire-resisting plugging detail system of glass curtain wall.
4.4.10 Non-combustible solid skirt wall or tempered glass skirt wall with the fire-re
sisting limit not less than 1. Oh and the height not lower than o. 8m shall be set at the
outer edge of each floor for glass curtain wall without spandrel.
4.4. 11 When the clearance between glass curtain wall and the outer edge of each floor
and between partition walls is filled with rock wool or mine wool. its thickness shall not
be less than 100mm, and the filling shall be compact. The rock wool or mine wool in the
horizontal smoke-resisting zone between stories should be supported by galvanized steel
sheet with a thickness not less than 1. 5mm; the clearance between supporting sheet and
main structure, supporting sheet and curtain wall structure, supporting sheet and sup
porting sheet, should be filled with fire-resisting sealing material. When it is required to
set transparent partitions between fire compartments in architecture, fire-resisting glass
may be adopted of which the fire-resisting limit shall meet the design requirement.
4.4. 12 One glass curtain wall unit should not cross two fire compartments of the
building.
4.4.13 The design of protection against lightning of glass curtain wall shall comply
with the requirements of relevant provisions in current national standard "Design Code
for Protection of Structures Against Lightning" GB 50057 and "Code for Electrical De
• 16 •
sign of Civil Buildings" ] G] IT 16. The metal frame of curtain wall shall be relia bly con
nected to the protection system against lightning of main structure, and non-conducting
protective layer shall be removed.
• 17 •
5 Basic Requirement for Structural Design
5. 1. 1 Glass curtain wall shall be designed as enclosure structure.

5.1.2 Glass curtain wall shall have adequate load-carrying capacity, rigidity, stability
and capability to accommodate the relevant displacement to the main structure. Reliable
measures to prevent loosing and slipping shall be taken for elements of curtain wall
which are connected with bolts; reliable measures to prevent abscising and slipping shall
be taken for elements of curtain wall which are suspending-connected or inserting-con
nected.
5. 1. 3 In the design of structure for glass curtain wall, the following action effects
shall be calculated:
1 In non-seismic design, the effects of gravity load and wind load shall be calcu
lated.
2 In seismic design, the effects of gravity load, wind load and earthquake action.
5. 1. 4 In the design of structure for glass curtain wall, the action effects in construc
tion stage and in normal service stage may be calculated with elastic method respective
ly, and action effect combinations shall be carried out according to the provisions in sec
tion 5. 4 in this code.
5.1.5 The elements in glass curtain wall shall be designed under the most unfavour
able action among all the effect combinations.
5. 1. 6 Load-carrying capacity and deflection of structural elements of glass curtain waH
shall be checking computed according to the foHowing provisions:
1 For effect combination without seismic action, load-carrying capacity shaH meet
the requirement of the following formula:
yoS<'R (5.1. 6-1)
2 For effect combination with seismic action, load-carrying capacity shall meet the
requirement of the following formula:
SE<.R/rRE (5.1.6-2)
Where S--Design value of fundamental combination of load effect;
SE--Design value of fundamental combination of earthquake action effect and
other load effects;
R--Design value of resistance of structural element;
Yo --Coefficient of the importance of structural element, which shaH not be less
• 18
than 1. 0;
YRE--Seismic adj usting factor for load-carrying capacity of structural element,
which shall be taken as 1. O.
3 The deflection shall meet the requirement of the following formula:
(5.1.6-3)
Where dr--The deflection of structural element under the action of characteristic value
of wind load or permanent load;
dr,lIm--limit value of deflection of structural element.
4 Structural elements bending in two directions, deflections of the two directions
shall meet the requirements stipulated in item 3 of this article.
5.1.7 In framed supported glass curtain wall, when relative eccentricity exists for the
panel to the transom, the adverse influence caused by eccentricity of gravity load shall
be considered in design.
5. 2 Mechanical Properties of Materials
5.2.1 Design value of strength of glass shall comply with the values in Table 5.2. L
Table 5.2. 1 Design Value of Strength of Glass Jg (N/mm2 )
Type Thickness (mm) Front face Lateral face
Common glass 5 28.0 19. 5

5-12 28.0 19.5
Float glass 15~19 24.0 17.0
~20 20.0 14.0
5~12 84.0 58.8
Tempered glass 15-19 72.0 50.4
~20 59.0 41. 3
Note: 1 Design value of strength of laminated glass and insulating glass may be determined according to type of glass
adopted,
2 When characteristic value of strength of tempered glass can not reach 3 times of that of float glass, values in
the table shall be adjusted according to results of actual measuring,
3 Design value of strength of semi-tempered glass may be taken as 2 times of that of float glass. When charac
teristic value of strength of semi-tempered glass can not reach 2 times of that of float glass. the design value
of strength shall be adjusted according to results of actual measuring,
4 Lateral face represents cross section of glass after cutting, of which the width is the thickness of glass
5.2.2 Design value of strength of aluminum profiles shall comply with the values In
Table 5. 2. 2.
5.2.3 Design value of strength of steel shall comply with the provisions in current na
tional standard "Code for Design of Steel Structures" GB 50017. Alternatively, the val
ues in Table 5. 2. 3 may also be used.
• 19 •
Table 5.2.2 Design Value of Strength of Aluminum Profiles f. (N/mm1 )
Design value of strength f.
Brand of Wall thickness Tension resistance,
State Shear Local
aluminum alloy (mm) compression
resistance resistance load-bearing
T4 Not differentiated 85.5 49.6 133.0

6061

6063
T6 Not differentiated 140.5 81. 2 161. 0
~IO 124.4 72.2 150.0

T5
>10 116.6 67.6 141. 5
6063A
~IO 147.7 85. 7 172.0
T6
>10 140.0 81. 2 163.0
Table 5.2.3 Design Value of Strength of Steel f. (N/mm1 )

Tension resistance,
Thic kness Or End face
Brand of steel compression resistance, Shear resistance
diameter d (mm) load-bearing
bending resistance
d~16 215 125
Q235 ]6<d~40 205 ]20 325
40<d~60 200 115
d~]6 310 180
Q345 16<d~35 295 ]70 400
35<d~50 265 155
Note: Thickness in the table represents the thickness of steel at calculating POintl for axial loading member it is the
thickness of the thicker plate.
5.2.4 Design value of tensile, compressive strength j, of stainless steel material shall
be taken as characteristic value of yielding strength au divided by factor 1. 15, and its
design value of shear strength may be taken as O. 58 times of design value of tensile
strength.
5.2.5 In point-supported glass curtain wall, design val ue of strength of tensile rod and
cable shall be adopted according to the following provisions:
1 Design value of tensile strength of stainless steel tensile rod shall be taken as
characteristic value of buckling strength divided by 1. 4;
2 Design value of tensile strength of high-strength strand or stainless strand shall
be taken as the value which is obtained by dividing its characteristic value of tensile
bearing capacity by factor 1. 8, then converting the result according to the equivalent
cross-section area. When the characteristic value of limit tensile bearing strength of
strand is given, its design value of tensile bearing strength shall be taken as the charac
teristic value stated above divided by 1. 8;
3 Design value of tensile and compressive strength of stainless anchor parts and
20 •
connection parts may be taken according to th e provisions in article 5. 2. 4.
5.2.6 Design value of strength of atmospher ic corrosion resisting steel shall be taken
according to Appendix A in this code.
5. 2. 7 Design val ue of connection strength of steel structure shall be taken according to
Appendix B in this code.
5.2.8 The modulus of elasticity of materials of glass curtain wall may be adopted ac
cording to the stipulation in Table 5.2.8.
Table 5.2.8 Modulus of Elastic)'ty of Material f. (N/mm l )
Material E
Glass o. 72X 10 5
Aluminum alloy O. 70X 10 5
Steel. stainless steel 2.06XI0 5
Stress relief high-strength steel wire 2.05XI0 5
Stainless strand I. 20X 10 5 -1. 50X 10 5
High-strength strand 1. 95X 105
Steel wire pipe O. 80 X 10 5 -I. 00 X 10 5
Note: Modulus of elasticity of strand may be adopted accord ing to actual measuring value.
5.2.9 The Poisson's ratio of materials of glass curtain wall shall be adopted according
to the stipulation in Table 5.2.9.
Table 5. 2. 9 Poisson's Ratio of Materialu
Material u Material v
Glass 0.2 Steel. stainless steel 0.30
Aluminum alloy 0.33 High-s trength steel wire. strand 0.30
5.2. 10 Linear expansion coefficient of mater ials of glass curtain wall shall be adopted
according to the stipulation in Table 5.2. 10.
Table 5.2.10 Linear Expansion Coe fricient of Materials a (l/t )
Material a Material a
Glass O. 80X 10- 5 -1. OOX 10- 5 Stainless steel plate I. 80 X 10- 5
Aluminum alloy 2.35 X 10- 5 Concrete I. 00 X 10- 5
Steel I. 20 X 10- 5 Brick masonry O. 50X 10- 5
5.3 Load and Earthquake Action
5.3.1 The characteristic value of weight den sity of materials of glass curtain wall shall
be taken according to the stipulation in Table 5. 3. l.
. 21
Table 5.3. 1 Weight Density of Materials f. (kN/m3 )
Material r. Material r.
Common glass .Iamina ted Mine wool 1. 2-1. 5
glass. tempered glass. 25.6
semi-tempered glass Glass wool 0.5-1. 0
Steel 78.5 Rock wool 0.5-2.5
Aluminum alloy 28.0
5.3.2 The characteristic value of wind load on glass curtain wall shall be calculated ac
cording to the following formula, which shall not be less than 1. OkN/m 2 •
(5.3.2)
2
Where wk--Characteristic value of wind load (kN/m );
{3g.--Gustiness factor, which shall comply with the provisions of national

standard "Load Code for the Design of Building Structures" GB 50009;
p..--Shape factor of wind load, which shall comply with the provisions of
national standard "Load Code for the Design of Building Structures" GB
50009;
p.z--Height variation factor of wind pressure, which shall comply with the
provisions of national standard "Load Code for the Design of Building
Structures" GB 50009;
wo--Reference wind pressure (kN/m 2 ) , which shall comply with the provi
sions of national standard "Load Code for the Design of Building Struc
tures" GB 50009.
5. 3.3 Characteristic value of wind load on glass curtain wall may be determined by the
result of wind tunnel test; when the height of glass curtain wall is larger than 200m or
the shape and the wind load circumstance are complicated, wind tunnel test should be
performed to determine wind load.
5.3.4 The characteristic value of distributed horizontal earthquake action normal
to the plane of glass curtain wall shall be calculated according to the following for
mula:
q Ek = {3E G max G k/ A ( 5. 3. 4)
Where qEk--Distributed horizontal earthquake action normal to plane of glass cur
tain wall (kN/ m 2 ) ;
{3E--Dynamic amplification factor, which may be taken as 5.0;

Gmax--Maximum value of horizontal seismic influence coefficient, which shall
be taken according to the values in Table 5.3.4;
,
Gk--Characteristic value of gravity load f elements of glass curtain wall (in
cluding glass panels and aluminum frames) (kN);
A--Area of plane of glass curtain wall (m 2 ).
22 •
Table 5.3.4 Maximum Value of Horizontal Seismic Influence Coefficient am..
Seismic fortification intensity 6 degree 7 degree 8 degree
O'maJ; 0.04 0.08 CO. 12) 0.16 CO.24)
Note: The value in brackets is used for regions where design basic acceleration of ground motion is O. 15g and O. 30g,
respectively.
5.3.5 Characteristic value of concentrated horizontal earthquake action parallel to the

plane of glass curtain wall shall be calculated according to the following formula:
P Ek = {3E am.. Gk (5.3.5)
Where PEk--Characteristic value of concentrated horizontal earthquake action paral
lel to the plane of glass curtai n wall (kN).
5.3.6 The characteristic value of earthquake action, which the supporting structure,
connection parts and anchor parts bear, shall incl ude the characteristic val ue of earth
quake action transferred from elements of glass curtain wall and the characteristic value
of earthquake action caused from its own characteristic value of gravity load.
5. 4 Action Effect Combination
5.4.1 When elements of curtain wall are designed for ultimate limit state of load-car
rying capacity, the action effect combination shall meet the following requirements:
1 For effect combination without seismic action, the design shall be performed ac
cording to the following formula:
S=yGSGk+cjJwYwSwk (5.4.1-1)
2 For effect combination with seismic action, the design shall be performed ac
S=yGSGk+cjJwYwSwk+cjJEYESEk (5.4.1-2)
Where S--Design val ue of action effect combination;
SGk--Characteristic value of permanent load effects;
SWk--Characteristic val ue of wind load effect;
SEk--Characteristic value of earthquake action effect;
YG--Partial coefficient of permanent load;
Yw--Partial coefficient of wind load;
Y£--Partial coefficient of earthquake action;
cjJw--Combination value coefficient of wind load;
cJiE--Combination value coefficient of earthquake action.
5.4.2 In design of load-carrying capacity of elements of curtain wall, partial coeffi

cients of actions shall be determined according to the following provisions:
1 Generally, the partial coefficients of permanent load/wind load and earthquake
action, YG, Yw' Y£ shall be taken as 1. 2, 1. 4 and 1. 3 respectively.
• 23 •
2 When permanent load effect plays a control role. its partial coefficient shall be
taken as 1. 35; at this time. variable load effect in combination shall be confined to verti
cal load effect only;
3 When permanent load effect plays a favorable role to structural elements. its
partial coefficient shall be taken as a value which not be larger than 1. O.
5.4.3 The combination value coefficients of variable actions shall be taken according to
the following provisions:
1 Generally, the combination value coefficient of wind load shall be taken as 1. 0,
the combination value coefficient of earthquake action shall be taken as 0.5;
2 For horizontal inversely suspended glass and its frame, the combination of
earthquake action effect may not be considered, and the combination value coefficient of
wind load If;w shall be taken as 1. 0 (when permanent load effect does not playa control
role) or O. 6 (when permanent load effect plays a control role).
5.4.4 In the checking computation of element deflection of curtain wall, both of par
tial coefficient of wind load Yw and partial coefficient of permanent load shall both be
taken as 1. O. and load effect combination may not be considered.
5.5 Design of Connections
S. S. 1 The main structure or structural elements shall be capable to bear the load and ac
tion transferred from curtain wall. Design value of load-carrying capacity of anchorage be
tween connection parts and main structure shall be larger than design value of load-carrying
capacity of connection parts.
S. S. 2 The design of connection parts, weld joints, bolts. rivets in the connection re
gion of elements of glass curtain wall, shall comply with the requirements of relevant
provisions in current national standards "Code for Design of Steel Structures" GB 50017
and "Technical Specification for Steel Structure of Tall Building" JGJ 99. The number
of bolts, rivets carrying load in connection region shall not be less than 2.
S. S. 3 The mullion of frame supported glass curtain wall should be suspended from
main structure.
S. S. 4 The mullion of glass curtain wall shall be connected to main concrete structure
with pre-embedded parts which shall be embedded during the concrete construction of
main structure with exact position; other reliable connection measures shall be adopted
when connection with pre-embedded parts is not practicable, and tests shall be per
formed to determine its load-carrying capacity.
S. S. 5 The load-carrying pre-embedded parts comprised of anchorage slab and anchor
bars configured symmetrically may be designed according to the provisions in Appendix
C in this code.
• 24 •
5.5.6 Pre-embedded slab and other connection measures of channel type pre-embedded
parts shall be designed according to the relevant provisions in current national standard
"Code for Design of Steel Structures" GB 50017, and tests shall be performed to deter
mine its load-carrying capacity.
5.5.7 When the frame of glass curtain wall is connected to main structure with post
connection of anchor bol ts, the following provisions shall be complied with:
1 There shall be factory certificate of qualification for products;
2 The carbon steel anchor bolts shall be treated with anti-corrosive measure.
3 Field test for load-carrying capacity shall be performed, and ultimate tensile test
shall be performed if necessary;
4 The number of anchor bolts in each connection joint shall not be less than 2;
5 The diameter of anchor bolt shall be determined by load-carrying capacity calcu
lation, which shall not be less than 10mm;
6 Weld operation should not be performed to the connection parts which contact
with chemical anchor bolts;
7 Design value of load-carrying capacity of anchor bolt shall not be larger than
50% of its ultimate load-carrying capacity.
5.5.8 When curtain wall is connected to masonry structure, concrete or steel structur
al beam or column should be set on the main structure in connection region. Light
weight filler wall shall not be taken as the supporting structure for curtain wall.
5. 6 Design of Structural Silicone Sealant
5.6.1 The adhibited width of structural silicone sealant shall meet the requirements
stipulated in article 5. 6.3 or article 5. 6. 4 in this code, which shall not be less than
7mm; its adhesive thickness shall meet the requirements stipulated in article 5.6.5,
which shall not be less than 6mm. For structural silicone sealant, the adhesive width
should be larger than the thickness, but not larger than 2 times of the thickness. The
adhesive thickness of structural silicone sealant of hidden frame supported glass curtain
wall shall not be larger than 12mm.
5.6.2 Computation on ultimate limit state of load-carrying capacity shall be performed
for structural silicone sealant according to different load conditions. Design value of tensile
stress and shear stress of structural silicone sealant shall not be larger than design value of
strength I. , which shall be taken as O. 2N/mm2 , under the action of wind load, horizontal
earthquake. Design value of tensile stress and shear stress of stru,ctural silicone sealant
shall not be larger than he design value of strength 12, which shall be taken as O. 01
2
N/mm , under the action of permanent load.
5.6.3 The adhesive width Cs of structural silicone sealant between glass and aluminum
• 25 •
frame in vertically hidden, semi-hidden frame supported glass curtain wall shall be cal
culated according to the following provisions in different conditions. In non-seismic de
sign, it shall be taken as the larger one of the calculation results in item 1 and item 3; in
seismic design, it shall be taken as the larger one of the calculation results in item 2 and
item 3.
1 Under the action of wind load, adhesive width shall be calculated according to
the following formula:
wa
(5.6.3-1)
c, = 2000/1
Where c,--Adhesive width of structural silicone sealant (mm);

w--Design value of wind load on the calculation unit (kN/m 2 ) ;
a--Length of shorter side of rectangular glass panel (mm);
II--Design value of strength of structural silicone sealant under the action of
wind load or earthquake, which is taken as O. 2N/mm 2 •
2 Under the action of wind load and earthquake, adhesive width shall be calculat
ed according to the following formula:
(W+0.5qE)a
c, (5.6.3-2)
2000/1
Where qE--Design value of earthquake action on the calculation unit.
3 Under the action of permanent load, adhesive width shall be calculated accord
ing to the following formula:
_ qc ab
(5.6.3-3)
c. - 2000(a+b) 12
Where qG--Design value of gravity load on unit area of glass of curtain wall (kN/m 2 ) ;
a, b --The length of the longer side and shorter side of rectangular glass panel,
respectively (m m) ;
12--Design value of strength of structural silicone sealant under the action of
permanent load, which is taken as O. 01N/mm 2 •
5.6.4 Adhesive width of structural silicone sealant between glass and aluminum frame
in horizontal inversely suspended hidden, semi-hidden frame supported glass curtain
wall shall be calculated according to the following formula:
_ wa + qca
(5.6.4)
c, - 2000/1 2000/2
5.6.5 Adhesive thickness of structural silicone sealant (Figure 5.6.5) shall meet the
requirements of formula (5.6.5-1).
::::::: Us
t, ~ -';;:;:0(~2~+=0=) (5.6.5-1)
(5.6.5-2)
• 26 •
Where ts--Adhesive thickness of structural silicone sealant (mm);
u,--Relative displacement of glass of curtain wall to aluminum frame (mm),
the relative displacement caused by the lateral displacement of main
structure may be calculated according to formula (5.6.5-2), and the rel
ative displacement caused by temperature variation shall be considered if
necessary;
e--The limit value of elastic story drift rotation of main structure under the
action of characteristic val ue of wind load (rad);
hg--Height of glass panel (mm), which is taken as side length a or b;
/)-- Deformation bearing capacity of structural silicone sealant, which IS
taken as the extension percentage corresponding to the tensile stress of

O. 14N/mm2 •
Fig. 5. 6.5 Adhesive thickness of structural silicone sealant
I-Glass; 2-Gasket; 3-Structural silicon sealant; i-Aluminum alloy frame
5.6.6 For hidden or transverse semi-hidden frame supported glass curtain wall, two a
luminum alloy or stainless steel supporting strips should be set at the bottom of each
glass. The strips shall be capable to bear the gravity load of this grid-divided glass, and
its length shall not be less than lOOmm, its thickness shall not be less than 2mm, its
height shall not exceed the outer surface of the glass. Gasket shall be set on the sup
porting strips.
• 27 •
6 Structural Design of Framed Supported
Glass Curtain Wall
6.1 Glass
6. 1. 1 The thickness of single sheet glass of frame supported glass curtain wall shall
not be less than 6mm. the thickness of a single sheet of laminated glass should not be
less than 5mm. The difference between the thickness of a single sheet of laminated glass
and insulating glass should not be larger than 3mm.
6.1.2 For single glass under the action of wind load and earthquake force normal to
the plane of glass curtain wall. maximum stress on the cross section of glass shall meet
the requirements stipulated in the following:
1 The characteristic value of maximum stress may be calculated according to FEA
method in which geometric nonlinearity is considered. and may also be calculated ac
6mWka2
awk= t2 1J (6.1.2-1)
6mWka2
aEk = t2 1J (6. 1. 2-2)
4
8= Wk a4 or 8= (Wk+ O. 5qEk)a (6.1.2-3)
4
Et Ell
Where 8 --Parameter;
awk' aEk--Characteristic value of maximum stress on the cross section under the ac
tion of wind load. and under the action of earthquake. respectively
(N/mm 2 ) ;
Wk' qEk--Characteristic value of wind load, earthquake action normal to the plane
of glass curtain wall. respectively (N/mm 2 );
a--Length of the shorter side of rectangular glass panel (mm);
t--Thickness of glass (mm);
E--Modulus of elasticity of glass (N/mm 2 ) ;
m--Bending moment coefficient, which may be adopted according to Ta
ble 6. 1. 2 -1 based on the ra tio of shorter side to longer side of glass
panel;
1 --Reduction coefficient, which may be adopted according to Table 6. 1. 2-2
based on parameter.
• 28 •
Table 6.1. 2-1 Bending Moment Coefficient m of Glass Panel Supported on Four Sides
alb 0.00 0.25 0.33 0.40 0.50 0.55 O. 60 O. 65
m 0.1250 0.1230 0.1180 O. 1115 0.1000 0.0934 0.0868 0.0804
alb O. 70 0.75 0.80 0.85 O. 90 0.95 1.0
m 0.0742 0.0683 O. 0628 0.0576 0.0528 0.0483 0.0442
Table 6. 1. 2-2 Reduction Coefficient 1/
() ~5.0 10.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0
11 1. 00 0.96 0.92 0.84 O. 78 O. 73 O. 68
() 120.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 ;;;>400.0
11 o. 65 0.61 0.57 0.54 O. 52 0.51 0.50
2 Design value of maximum stress shall be combined according to the provisions

in article 5. 4. 1 in this code;
3 Design value of maximum stress shall not larger than value of strength of fron
tal face of glass.
6. 1. 3 The deflection of single glass under the action of wind load, shall meet the re
quirements stipulated in the following:
1 The stiffness of single glass may be calculated according to the following
formula:
Et 3
D=120-vZ ) (6.1.3-1)
Where D--Stiffness of glass (Nmm);

t--Thickness of glass (mm) ;
v --Poisson ra tio, which may be adopted according to article 5. 2. 9.
2 The midspan deflection of glass may be calculated according to finite element
method in which geometric nonlinearity is considered, and may also be calculated ac
4
_pWka
dr- D r; (6.1.3-2)
Where dr--Maximum deflection under the action of characteristic value of wind load
(mm);
wk--Characteristic value of wind load normal to the plane of glass curtain
wall (N/mm Z );
p--Deflection coefficient, which may be adopted according to Table 6. 1. 3
based on the ratio of shorter side to longer side of glass panel;
r; - - Reduction coefficient, which may be adopted according to Table
6. 1. 2-2.
• 29 •
Table 6. 1. 3 Deflection Coefficient of Panel Supported on Four Sides
a>b 0.00 O. 20 O. 25 0.33 0.50
p 0.01302 0.01297 0.01282 I 0.01223 0.01013
alb o. 55 0.60 O. 65 O. 70 O. 75
p 0.00940 0.00867 0.00796 0.00727 0.00663
alb 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1. 00
p 0.00603 0.00547 0.00496 0.00449 0.00406
3 Under the action characteristic value of wind load, the limit value of deflection
d!.tim of glass supported on four sides should be taken as 1/6 of the length of its shorter
side.
6.1.4 Laminated glass may be calculated according to the following provisions:
1 Wind load and earthquake action on laminated glass may be distributed to the
two sheets of glass according to the following formula:
d (6.1.4-1)
Wkl =Wk 3.+ 3
tl t2
d
Wk2 =Wk J
t1
+ t2
3 (6.1.4-2)
_ t; (6. 1. 4-3)
qEkl - qEk d +d
_ d (6.1.4-4)
qEk2 -qEk
t ; +d
Where wk--Characteristic value of wind load on laminated glass (N/mm 2);
Wkl' wk2--Characteristic value of wind load distributed to each single sheet glass,
respectively (N/mm 2 ) ;
qEk--Characteristic value of earthquake action on laminated glass (N/mm 2);
qEkl' qEk2--Characteristic value of earthquake action distributed to each single sheet
glass, respectively (N/ mm 2 ) ;
t l , t2 --Thickness of each sheet glass, respectively (mm).
2 The two sheets of glass may be calculated according to the provisions in article
6.1.2 in this code respectively;
3 The deflection of laminated glass may be calculated according to the provisions
in article 6.1. 3, but equivalent thickness t, shall be adopted when stiffness of glass IS
calculated, which may be calculated according to the following formula;
t,.=';ti+r; (6.1.4-5)
Where tc--Equivalent thickness of laminated glass (mm).
6.1. 5 Insulating glass shall be calculated according to the following provisions:
• 30 •
1 Characteristic value of wind load on insulting glass may be distributed to the
two sheets of glass according to the following formula:
1) Single sheet glass which is bearing wind load directly:
d (6.1.5-1)
Wkl =1.1wk ~+3
t I tz
2) Single sheet glass which not is bearing wind load directly:
ti (6.1.5-2)
WkZ=Wk ~+3
tl tz
2 Characteristic value of earthquake action on insulating glass, shall be calculated

according to the provisions in article 5. 3. 4 in this code based on self-weight of each
sheet glass;
3 Stress of the two sheets of glass may be calculated according to the provisions in
article 6. 1. 2 in this code, respectively;
4 The deflection of insulating glass may be calculated according to the provisions
in article 6.1. 3, but equivalent thickness shall be adopted when stiffness of glass is cal
culated, which may be calculated according to the following formula:
t e =0.95 ,;d +d (6.1.5-3)
Where t 3 --Equivalent thickness of insulating glass (mm).
6.1. 6 When load-carrying capacity is calculated for inclined building curtain wall,
the bending stress in the direction normal to the glass plane caused by gravity loads
such as permanent load, snow load, rain load, etc. and construction load shall be
reckoned in.
Construction load shall be determined according to the construction condition,
which shall not be less than the action of concentrated load of O. 2kN, and the action
point of construction load shall be taken as the most unfavourable position.
6.2 Transom
6.2. 1 The thickness of main bearing part of transom section shall meet the following re
quirements:
1 The width-to-thickness ratio of freely projecting part and bilateral-strengthened
part of section shall meet the requirements stipulated in Table 6.2. 1 ;
Table 6.2.1 Limit Value of Width-to-thickness Ratio bolt of Transom Section
Aluminum profile Steel profile
Part or section 6063-T5 6063-T6

6063A-T5 6061-T6 Q235 Q345
6061-T4 6063A-T6
Freely projecting 17 15 13 12 15 12
Bilateral-strengthened 50 45 40 35 40 33
• 31 •
Fig. 6. 2. 1 Parts of transom section
2 When the span of transom is cvrall than 1. 2m I the thickness of main bearing part
of section of aluminum alloy profiles shall not be less than 2. Omm; when the span of tran
som is larger than 1. 2m I the thickness of main bearing part of its section shall not be less
than 2. 5mm. When the wall of hole of profiles and the screw are connected by bearing
thread I the thickness of local section shall not be less than the nominal diameter of screw;
3 For steel profiles the thickness of main bearing part of section shall not be less
than 2. 5mm.
6.2.2 Aluminum alloy profiles or steel profiles may be adopted for transom, the sur
face treatment of aluminum aHoy profiles shaH meet the requirements stipulated in arti
cle 3.2.2 in this code. Superior atmospheric corrosion resisting steel should be adopted
for steel profiles, carbon steel profiles shaH be treated with hot dip galvanization or oth
er effective anti-corrosive measures, weld joint shaH be coated with rust resisting paint;
for steel profiles used in severe corrosive condi tion, the corrosion thick ness shaH be pre
set.
6.2.3 Load on transom shall be determined according to the supporting condition of
the panel along transom, and bending moment and shear force which transom is bearing
are calculated. When large span transom with open section, bimoment caused by re
strained torsion should be considered. When composite transom is adopted in frame sup
ported glass curtain wall assembled in prefabricated units, the upper part, nether part
shaH be calculated respectively according to the load and action it bears.
6.2.4 The bending capacity of cross section of transom shall meet the requirements of
M' + WY ~f
M (6.2.4)
YW n. Y ny
Where M.--Design value of bending moment about x axis of section (direction par
allel to the plane of curtain wall) of transom (Nmm);
My--Design value of bending moment about y axis of section (direction nor
mal to the plane of curtain wall) of transom (Nmm);
W n.--Net cross section resisting moment about x axis of section (direction
parallel to the plane of curtain wall) of transom cross section (mm 3 ) ;
• 32 •
Wny--Net cross section resisting moment about y axis of section (direction
normal to the plane of curtain wall) of transom cross section (mm 3 ) ;
y - - Plasticity adaptation factor, which may be taken as 1. 05;
f--Design value of bending strength of profiles or (N/mm 2 ).
6.2.5 The shear capacity of cross section of transom shall meet the requirements of
(6.2.5-1)
VI,SY~J (6.2.5-2)
ty y
Where V.--Design value of shear force in horizontal direction (x axis) (N);

Vy--Design value of shear force in vertical direction (y axis) (N);
Sx--Gross area moment about x axis of cross section of transom (mm 3 ) ;
Sy--Gross area moment about y axis of cross section of transom (mm 3 ) ;
4
Ix--Gross inertia moment about x axis of cross section of transom (mm );
4
Iy--Gross inertia moment about y axis of cross section of transom (mm ) ;
tx--Total width of web section normal to x axis in transom section (mm);

ty--Total width of web section normal to y axis in transom section (mm);
f--Design value of shear strength of profiles f. or f,(N/mm 2 ).
6.2.6 When the eccentric placement of glass on transom brings large torsion moment
to transom, torsion capacity calculation shall performed for transom.
6.2.7 Under the action of characteristic value of wind load and gravity load, limit val
ue of deflection for transom dr. lim should be adopted according to the following provi
slons:
Aluminum alloy profiles: d r•,im =l/180 (6.2.7-1)
Steel profiles: dr.,im = l/250 (6. 2. 7-2)
Where l--Span of transom (mm) which may be taken as twice the projecting length
for cantilever elements.
6.3 Mullion
6.3. 1 The thickness of main bearing part of mullion section shall meet the following re
quirements:
1 The thickness of open part of section of aluminum profiles shall not be less than
3. Omm, the thickness of close part of section shall not be less than 2. Smm; When the wall
of hole of profiles and the screw are connected by bearing thread, the local thickness shall
not be less than the nominal diameter of screw j
2 The thickness of main bearing part of section of steel profiles shall not be less than
3.0mm;
• 33 •
3 For eccentrically compressive mullion. the width-to-thickness ratio of section shall
meet the requirements of relevant provisions in article 6.2. 1 in this code.
6.3.2 Aluminum alloy profiles or steel profiles may be adopted for mullion. the sur
face treatment of aluminum alloy profiles shall meet the requirements stipulated in arti
cle 3. 2.2 in this code. Superior atmospheric corrosion resisting steel should be adopted
for steel profiles, carbon steel profiles shall be treated with hot dip galvanization or oth
er effective anti-corrosive measures. weld joint shall be coated with rust resisting paint;
for steel profiles used in severe corrosive condition, the corrosion thickness shall be pre
set.
6.3.3 Joint clearance not less than 15mm shall be reserved between the upper mullion
and bottom mullion, close section profiles may be connected wi th core col umn not of
length not less than 250mm, and the core column and mullion shall be closely combined,
the core column shall be fixed with the upper mullion or the bottom mullion by mechanic
connection. The upper mullion and bottom mullion of open section profiles may be con
nected by full-strength profiles mechanic connection.
6.3.4 When mullion is set across stories with consecutive length in multi-story build
ings and tall buildings, the num ber of supporting points of connection between mullion
and main structure at each floor should not be less than one; on the concrete solid wall,
supporting points of connection should be densified.
When two supporting points are set at each story, circular hole should be adopted
for the upper supporting point, and slotted hole should be adopted for the bottom sup
porting point.
6.3.5 When mullion is arranged individually in story, its upper end and lower end
should both be hinged connected with main structure, and the upper end suspended type
should be adopted; when large displacement may probably arise at supporting point of
mullion, supporting device that is compatible with the displacement shall be adopted.
6.3.6 The bending moment of mullion caused by wind load or earthquake action shall
be calculated as per the models of single-span beam, double-span beam or multi-span
hinged beam respectively according to the actual supporting conditions of mullion, and
axial force is calculated according to the supporting condition.
6.3.7 For mullion which is bearing the action of axial force and bending moment. the
load-carrying capacity shall meet the requirements stipulated in the following formula:,
N M
A+W::(f
Y
n n
(6.3.7)
Where N--Design value of axial force of mullion (N);

M--Design value of bending moment of mullion (Nmm);
An--Net cross section area of mullion (mm 2 ) ;
Wn--Net resisting moment of cross-section Cmm 3 ) ;
• 34
y--Plasticity adaptation factor of cross section, which may be taken as
1. 05;
f--Design value of bending strength of profiles fa or fs (N/mm 2 ).
6.3.8 For mullion which is bearing the action of axial compressive force and bending
moment, the stability in the direction of bending moment action shall meet the require
ments stipulated in the following formulae:
N M
cpA + yW(l-O. 8N/N E) ~f (6.3.8-1)
1[2 EA
N E =1.lA 2 (6.3.8-2)
Where N--Design value of axial compressive force of mullion (N);

NE--Critical axial compressive force (N);
M--Design value of maximum bending moment of mullion (Nmm);
cp--Stability factor of axially compression in the plane of action of bending
moment;
A--Gross cross section area of mullion (mm 2 ) ;
W--Gross resisting moment of cross-section of the side in which compressive
stress is larger in the direction of bending moment action (mm 3 ) ;
,l.--Slenderness ratio;
y--Plasticity adaptation factor of cross section, which may be taken as
1. 05;
f--Design value of bending strength of profiles fa or fs (N/mm 2 ).
Table 6.3.8 Stability Factor of Axial Compressive Column If'
Steel profile Aluminum profile

Slenderness
6063- T6
ratio
6063- T5
Q235 Q345 6063A-T5 6061-T6
6061-T4
6063A-T6
20 0.97 0.96 O. 98 O. 96 0.92
40 0.90 0.88 0.88 0.84 0.80
60 0.81 0.73 0.81 O. 75 O. 71
80 0.69 0.58 O. 70 O. 58 0.48
90 O. 62 0.50 O. 63 0.48 0.40
100 0.56 0.43 0.56 O. 38 0.32
110 0.49 0.37 0.49 0.34 O. 26
120 0.44 0.32 0.41 O. 30 O. 22
130 0.39 0.28 0.33 0.26 O. 19
140 O. 35 0.25 0.29 O. 22 0.16
150 0.31 0.21 0.24 0.19 0.14
6.3.9 For mullion which is bearing the action of axial compressive force and bending
moment, slenderness ratio should not be larger than 150.
6.3.10 Under the action of characteristic value of wind load, limit value of deflection
for mullion should be adopted according to the following provisions:
Aluminum alloy profiles: d r• lim =l/180 (6.3.10-1)
• 35 •
Steel profiles: dr,lim = l/250 (6.3. 10-2)
Where l--Distance between supporting points (mm), which may be taken as two
times of the projecting length for cantilever elements.
6.3.11 Transom may be connected with mullion by corner brackets, screws or bolts.
Corner bracket shall be capable to bear the shear force of transom, and its thickness
shall not be les than 3mm; the screws and bolts for connection between corner bracket
and mullion shall be meet the requirements for shear capacity and torsion capacity.
6.3.12 The number of connection bolts in the connection region between mullion and
main structure shall not be less than 2, and the diameter of connection bolt should not
be less than 10mm.
6. 3. 13 When different metal materials are adopted for corner bracket and mullion,
separation with insulating gasket or other effective measures shall be adopted to prevent
bimetallic corrosion.
• 36 •
7 Structural Design of Full Glass Curtain Wall
7.1.1 Full glass curtain wall in which the height of glass exceed the limit values in Ta
ble 7. 1. 1 shall be suspended from main structure.
Table 7. 1. 1 Maximum Height of Bottom-supported Full Glass Curtain Wall
Glass thickness (mm) 10,12 15 19

-----+-----------+-----------1
Maxim height (m) 4 6
7.1.2 The clearance between the wall of peripheral-closing groove and glass panel or
glass rib should not be less than Bmm, the clearance between lower end of suspended
glass and groove bottom shall meet the requirement of extension deformation of glass.
Resilient pad block shall be adopted for supporting or filling between glass and groove
bottom, and the length of pad block should not be less than 100mm, the thickness
should not be less than lOmm; structural silicone sealant shall be adopted for sealing be
tween groove wall and glass.
7.1. 3 Main structure or structural element which suspends the full glass curtain wall
shall have adequate stiffness, when steel truss or steel beam is taken as bearing ele
ment, the limit value of deflection df.lim should be taken as the 1/250 of the span.
7. 1. 4 Rigid device for horizontal force transmission shall be set between hanging clamp
of suspended full glass curtain wall and main structure.
7.1.5 Structural glazing sealant joint should not individually bear the self-weight of
glass.
7. 1. 6 The surface of panel in foil glass curtain wall shall not be contact directly with
other rigid materials. Clearance between panel surface and decoration surface or structural
surface shall not be less than 8mm, which shall be sealed with sealant.
7.1.7 Hanging clamp shall meet the requirements of relevant provisions In current
professional standard "The Support Device of Suspended Glass Curtain Wall" ]G 139.
7.1.8 The glass in point-supported glass curtain wall shall meet the requirements stip
ulated in article 4. 4. 2 and article 4. 4. 3 in this code.
7.2 Panel
7.2.1 The thickness of panel glass should not be less than 10mm; the thickness of sin
gle sheet of laminated glass shall not be Bmm.
7.2.2 When panel glass is connected with glass rib by sealant joint, panel may be de
• 37 •
signed as per one-way simply supported slab supported on glass rib. Its stress and de
flection may be calculated respectively according to the provisions in article 6. 1. 2 and
article 6. 1. 3 in this code. In the formulae the value of shall be taken as span of glass·
panel, the coefficient and nay be taken as O. 125 and O. 013 respectively. When the panel
is laminated glass or insulating glass, calculation may be performed according to the
provisions in article 6.1. 4 or article 6.1. 5 in this code; when the panel is point-suppor
ted glass, calculation may be performed according to the provisions in article 8. 1. 5 In
this code, and tests for checking may be carried out if necessary.
7.2.3 For the panel which is connected with glass rib by sealant joint, under the ac
tion of characteristic value of wind load, the limit value for deflection should be taken as
1/60 of the span; the limit value for deflection of point-supported panel should be taken
as 1/60 of the length of the longer side between supporting points.
7.3 Glass Rib
7. 3. 1 The thickness of cross section of full glass curtain waH shall not be less than
12mm, the height of cross section shall not be less than lOOmm.
7.3.2 The section height of glass rib in full glass curtain wall shall be calculated ac
cording the following formulae:
2
h , = J3Wlh
8f t (double-rib) (7 . 3 . 2 1)
g
2
h , = J3Wlh
4f t (single-rib) (7 . 3 . 2 2)
g
Where h,--Section height of glass rib (mm);

w-Design value of wind load (N/mm 2 );
l--Span of glass panel between two ribs (mm);
fR--Design value of strength of lateral face of glass (N/mm 2 ) ;
t--Section thickness of glass rib (mm);
h--Distance between upper and lower supporting points of glass rib, VIZ.
the calculation span (mm).
13
t
li3 il~
t
f ''''It
(a) (b)
Fig. 7. 3. 2 Dimension of cross-section of full glass curtain wall
(a)Single rib; (b) Double rib
}-Glass rib, 2-Glass rib
• 38 •
7.3.3 The deflection of glass rib of full glass curtain wall under the action of charac
teristic value of wind load may be calculated according to the following formula:
d{=352X?t~~4 (single-rib) (7.3.3-1)
5 wklh4
d r = 64 X Eth; (double-rib) (7.3.3-2)
Where wk--Characteristic value of wind load (N/mm 2 ) ;

E-- Modulus of elasticity of glass (N/mm 2 ).
7.3.4 Under the action of characteristic value of wind load. the limit value of deflec
tion dr,lim for glass rib should be taken as 1/200 of the calculation span.
7.3.5 For glass ribs that are connected with metal parts. the thickness of metal con
nection parts shall not be less than 6mm. Stainless bolts should be adopted for connec
tion bolts. of which the diameter shall not be less than 8mm.
Connection joint shall be capable to bear design value of bending moment and shear
force of cross section. Shearing calculation for bolts and compression calculation for wall
of glass hole shall be performed. and design value of strength of lateral face shall be
taken in checking computation for glass.
7.3.6 The equivalent section thickness of laminated glass rib may be taken as the sum
of thickness of two glass sheets.
7.3.7 Out-plane stability should be considered for glass ribs with a height larger than
8m; Checking computation of out-plane stability shall be performed for glass rib with a
height larger than 12m, and detail measures shall be taken to prevent lateral buckling.
7.4 Sealant Joint
7. 4. 1 For full glass curtain wall in which sealant joint transfers force, structural silicone
sealant must be adopted as sealant joint.
7.4.2 Load-carrying capacity of sealant joint in full glass curtain wall shall meet the
requirements stipulated in the following:
1 For rib which is flush with or projecting to glass panel:
ql
2t:~;Jl (7.4.2-1)
2 For back-positioning or joint-riding glass rib:
(7.4.2-2)
Where q--Design value of distributed load normal to glass panel (N/mm 2 ) . in

which design value of distributed load calculated from earthquake action
shall be included in seismic design;
l--Span of glass panel between two ribs (mm) ;
·39 •
t,--Width of sealant joint, which IS taken as the cross section thickness of
glass panel (mm);
tz--Width of sealant joint, which IS taken as the cross section thickness of
glass rib (mm);
f,--Design value of strength of structural silicone sealant under the action of
wind load, which is taken as O. 2N/mm z .
3 The thickness of sealant joint shall meet the requirements stipulated in article
5.6; 5 in this code, and shall not be less than 6mm.
7.4.3 When the width of sealant joint does not meet the requirements stipulated in
iteml, item 2 of article 7. 4. 2, measures of appending glass strip or stainless steel strip
may be taken to increase the width of sealant joint.
• 40 •
8 Structural Design of Point-supported Glass Curtain Wall
8. 1 Glass Panel
8.1.1 Quadrilateral glass panel may be supported on four points, or may be supported
on six points with basis. Triangular glass panel may be supported on three points. The
distance between the edge of supporting hole of glass panel and the edge of panel should
not be less than 70mm.
8. 1. 2 The thickness of curtain wall glass that is connected with connection parts of float
ing head type shall not be less than 6mm; the thickness of curtain wall glass which is con
nected with countersunk connection 'parts shall not be less than 8mm.
The thickness of single sheet of laminated glass and insulating glass with connection
parts shall meet the requirements stated above.
8. 1. 3 Width of clearance between glass shall not be less than lOmm, and the clearance
shall be sealed with weather proofing silicone sealant.
8.1.4 The circumference of supporting hole in point-supported glass shall be reliably
sealed. When insulating glass is adopted as point-supported glass, multiple sealing
measures shall be adopted on the circumference of supporting hole.
8.1. 5 Under the action of wind load and earthquake normal to the plane of curtain
wall, the stress and deflection of glass panels supported on four points shall meet the re
quirements stipulated in the following:
1 The characteristic value of maximum stress and maximum deflection may be cal
culated according to FEA method in which geometric nonlinearity is considered, and
may also be calculated according to the following formula:
6mwkb2
O"wk = (2 r; (8. 1. 5-1)
6mqEk b2
O"Ek = (2 r; (8.1.5-2)
d=~
r D r; (8.1.5-3)
e-- e- 4
wkb4 (Wk +0. 5qEk )b
(8. 1. 5-4)
&4 or - E(4
Where e --Parameter;
O"wk' O"Ek--Characteristic value of maximum stress of glass section under the action
of wind load, earthquake respectively (N/mm 2 ) ;
dr--Maximum deflection under the action of characteristic value of wind load

(mm);
• 41 •
Wk' qEk--Characteristic value of wind load, earthquake action normal to the plane
of glass curtain wall respectively (N/mm 2 ) ;
b - - Length of the longer side of glass panel between supporting points
(mm) ;
t--Thickness of glass (mm) ;
m--bending moment coefficient, which may be adopted according to Table
8. 1. 5-1 based on the ratio of shorter side to longer side of glass panel, be
tween supporting points;
f-l--Deflection coefficient, which may be adopted according to Table 8.1. 5-2
based on the ratio of shorter side to longer side of glass panel between
supporting points;
r;--Reduction coefficient, which may be adopted according to Table 6. 1. 2-2
in this code based on parameter;
D--Stiffness of glass panel, which may be calculated according to formula
(6.1.3-1) in this code (Nmm).
Table 8.1.5-1 Bending Moment m of Glass Panel Supported on Four Points
alb 0.00 0.20 O. 30 0.40 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65
m O. 125 0.126 0.127 0.129 0.130 0.132 0.134 O. 136
alb O. 70 O. 75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1. 00 -

m O. 138 0.140 0.112 0.145 0.14R 0.151 O. 154 -
Note:a is the length of the shorter side between supporting PO\lIts.
Table 8. 1. 5-2 Deflection Coefficient po of Glass Panel Supported on Four Points
alb 0.00 O. 20 O. 30 0.40 0.50 0.55 O. 60
I' 0.01302 0.01317 0.01335 0.01367 0.01417 0.01451 0.01496
alb 0.65 O. 70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 O. 95

I
I' 0.01555 0.01630 0.01725 0.01842 0.01984 0.02157 0.02363
alb 1. 00 - - - - - -
I' 0.02603 - - - - -
- .
Note:a is the length of the shorter side between supporting points.
2 Design value of maximum stress of glass panel shall be calculated according to

provisions in article 5. 4.1 in this code. and shall not exceed design of strength of frontal
face of glass fg;
3 Under the action of characteristic val ue of wind load, the limit value of deflec
tion dr.lim for point-supported glass panel should be taken as 1/60 of the length of the
longer side between supporting points.
• 42 •
8. 2 Supporting Device
8.2.1 Supporting device shall meet the requirements stipulated in current professional
standard "The Support Device of Point Supported Glass Curtain Wall" JG 138.
8.2.2 Supporting head shall be capable to accommodate the rotational deformation of
,
glass panel at the supporting point.
8.2.3 Gasket or bush of resilient materials should be set between steel and glass of
supporting head, the thickness of gasket and bush should not be less than Imm.
8.2.4 Supporting device shall not be used for other purposes, except to bear the load
or action transferred from glass panel.
8.3 Supporting Structure
8.3. 1 The supporting device in point-supported glass curtain wall should be calculated
individually, glass panel should not be part of supporting structure.
FEA method should be taken for calculation and analysis of complicated supporting
structure.
8.3. 2 Glass rib may be designed according to the provIsIons In section 7. 3 In this
code.
8.3.3 The design of supporting steel structure shall meet the requirements of relevant
provisions in current nationa~ standard "Code for Design of Steel Structures" GB 50017.
8.3.4 When single shaped steel or steel tube is used as supporting structure, the fol
lowing provisions shall be complied with:
1 The connection detail between end and main structure shall be capable to accom
modate the displacement of main structure;
2 Vertical elements should be designed as per eccentrically compressive element or
eccentrically tensile element; horizontal elements should be design as per bi-directional
bending element, and the adverse effect of torsion moment shall be considered when ele
ment is under the action of torsion moment;
3 Slenderness ratio of compressive element shall not be larger than 150;
4 Under the action of characteristic value of wind load, the limit value of deflec
tion should be taken as 1/250 of the span. The span of cantilever elements may be taken
as two times of the projecting length during calcula tion.
8.3.5 The design of truss or open-web truss shall meet the following provisions:
1 Shaped steel or steel tube may be adopted as the element. Elements should be
welded directly at the joint when steel tubes are used, and holes should not be made in
chord element, bracing element should not penetrate in chord element;
2 The diameter should not be larger than 50 time the wall thickness for steel
• 43 •
tubes, the outer diameter of bracing element should not be less than 0.3 time that of
chord element. The wall thickness of steel tube should not be less than 4mm, the wall
thickness of chord element shall not be less than that of bracing element;
3 Elements of truss should not be connected eccentrically. The angle between
web elements, chord element and web element should not be less than 30 degree;
4 Welded steel tube truss should be calculated as per rigid joint system, welded
steel tube open-web truss shall be calculated as per rigid joint system;
5 For axial compressive or eccentrically compressive elements of truss, the slen
derness ratio shall not be larger than 150; for axial tensile or eccentrically tensile ele
ments of truss, the slenderness ratio shall not be larger than 350;
6 When the out-plane stationary supporting points of truss or open-web truss are
far from each other, stable supporting structure in the orthogonal direction shall be set;
tion dr,';md be taken as 1/250 of the span. The span of cantilever truss may be taken as
two times of of the projecting length during calculation.
8.3.6 The design of tensile strut-cable system shall meet the requirements of the fol
lowing provisions:
1 Stable structural system which bears the action of wind load or earthquake shall
form in both positive and negative directions. In the orthogonal direction of the main
load-bearing direction, tensile rod, cable or truss for stability shall be set if necessary;
2 For connection part, compressive rod and tensile rod, stainless steel material
should be adopted, the diameter of tensile rod should not be less than 10mm; for com
pressive rod in self-balanced system, carbon structural steel may be adopted. For cable,
stainless strand, high-strength strand should be adopted, and aluminum-coated strand
may be adopted. The diameter of steel wire of stand should not be less than 1. 2mm, the
diameter of strand should not be less than 8mm. The surface shall be treated with anti
corrosive coating when high-strength stand is adopted;
3 Geometric nonlinearity should be considered in structural mechanical analysis;
4 The region connected with main structure shall be capable to accommodate the
displacement of main structure, main structure shall be capable to bear the pre-tensile
force and load action of tensile-rod system or tensile-cable system;
5 The slenderness ratio). of compressive element in self-balanced system, strut
cable system shall not be larger than 150;
6 Tensile rod should not be welded; cable may be connected with cold-squeezed
anchorage, cable shall not be welded;
tion dr,l;m should be taken as 1/200 of the distance between supporting points.
• 44 •
8.3.7 The minimum value of pre-tensile force of tensile strut-cable system shall make
the tensile rod or cable maintain definite pre-tensile force reservation under the action of
design val ue of load.
• 45 •
9 Fabrication
9.1 General Requirement
9.1.1 Before Fabrication, glass curtain wall shall be checked with construction draw
ings of civil design, repeating survey shall be performed to the built main structure, and
necessary adjustment shall be taken for design of glass curtain wall according to the sur
vey result.
9.1.2 The equipments and tools used for processing of glass curtain wall shall meet
the requirements of processing precision standard, and measuring certification shall be
carried out to the measuring tools periodically.
9.1.3 When structural silicone sealant is adopted for cementation and fixation of hid
den frame supported glass curtain wall, filling of sealant shall be performed in clean and
ventilate building interior, and the condition of circumstance temperature and humidity
shall meet the requirements of provisions for structural glazing sealant product. The
width and thickness of filling sealant shall meet the design requirements.
9.1.4 The perfusion of structural silicone sealant shall not be performed on site, except
for full glass curtain wall.
9.1.5 Components of unit of frame supported curtain wall assembled .in prefabricated
units, assembly components of hidden frame supported curtain wall shall both be pro
cessed and assembled in factory.
9.1.6 Fabrication technique for low radiation coated glass shall be determined accord
ing to the adhesive performance and other technical requirements; when the coat is in
compatible with structural silicone sealant, the coat shall be removed.
9.1.7 Structural silicone sealant should not be adopted as weather proofing silicone
sealant.
9.2 Aluminum Profiles
9.2.1 Fabrication of aluminum alloy elements for glass curtain wall shall meet the fol
lowing requirements:
1 Before blanking, aluminum alloy profiles shall be treated with alignment adjust
ment;
2 Allowable deviation of length of transom is ± O. Smm, allowable deviation of
length of mullion is ±O. 1mm, Allowable deviation of inclined angle at the end is -IS'
(Fig. 9. 2.1-1, 9.2.1-2);
• 46 •
L
r
( J
Fig. 9. 2. 1-1 Rectangular blanking

L
Fig. 9. 2. 1-2 Skew angle blanking

3 Fabricating deformation shall not exist at the blanking end, and bur shall be re
moved;
4 Allowable deviation of position of hole is ±O. 5mm, allowable deviation of dis
tance between holes is ±O. 5mm, the cumulative deviation is ±O. 1mm;
5 Allowable deviation of dimension of clearance holes of rivets shall meet the re
quirements stipulated in current national standard "Clearance Holes for Rivets"
GB 152. 1;
6 Allowable deviation of dimension of countersinks of countersunk head screws
shall meet the requirements stipulated in current national standard "Countersinks for
Countersunk Head Screws" GB 152.2;
7 Dimension of countersink of counterbores of cylinder heads, bolts shall meet the
requirements stipulated in current national standard "Counterbores for Hexagon Socket
Head Screws and Slotted Cheese Head Screws" GB 152.3;
8 Fabrication of screw holes shall meet the design requirements.
9.2.2 Fabrication of groove, mortise and tenon in aluminum alloy elements of glass
curtain wall shall meet the following requirements;
1 Allowable deviation of dimension of groove In aluminum alloy elements shall
meet the requirements in Table 9.2.2-1;
Table 9. 2. 2-1 Allowable deviation of dimension of groove (mm)
Item a b
+0.5 +0.5
Allowable deviation ±0.5
0.0 0.0
r T---f-----3--
a
Fig. 9. 2. 2-1 General view of groove
• 47 •
2 Allowable deviation of dimension of mortise In aluminum alloy elements shall
meet the requirements in Table 9.2.2-2.
Table 9. 2. 2-2 Allowable Deviation of Dimension of Mortise (mm)
Item a b
+0.5 +0.5
0.0 0.0
--~-------t-----:]
....:a:....-_ _-o/{
j<-,'_ _
Fig. 9. 2. 2-2 General view of mortise

3 Allowable deviation of dimension of tenon in aluminum alloy elements shall
meet the requirements in Table 9.2.2-2.
Table 9.2.2-3 Allowable Deviation of Dimension of Tenon (mm)
Item a b
0.0 0.0
-0.5 -0.5
C I
)----J----r-----+ 1
1 a k
Fig. 9. 2. 2-3 General view of tenon

9.2.3 Bending of aluminum alloy elements of glass curtain wall shall meet the follow
ing requirements:
1 Stretch bending equipment should be used for bending processing of aluminum
alloy elements.
2 The surface of elements after bending processing shall be smooth. and shall not
be corrugated, concavo-convex and cracked.
9.3 Steel Element
9.3'. 1 Fabrication precision of flat-plate pre-embedded part shall meet the following
requirements:
1 Allowable deviation of side length for anchor slab is ± 5mm;
2 Allowable deviation of common anchor bar is + 10. allowable deviation of length
• 48 •
-
of anchor bar in penetration pre-embedded part of which two surfaces are whole anchor
slabs is +5, and negative deviation is not permissible;
3 Allowable deviation of center line of circular-sectioned anchor bar is ± 5mm;
4 Allowable deviation of perpendicularity between anchor bar and surface of an
chor slab is ll/30 (ta is the length of anchor bar, with unit of ).
9.3.2 The surface and interior of groove of groove-type pre-embedded part shall be
treated with anti-corrosive measure, and processing precision shall meet the following
requirements:
1 Allowable deviations of the length, width and thickness of pre-embedded part
are +lOmm, +Smm and +3mm respectively, and negative deviation is not permissi
ble;
2 Allowable deviations of groove is +1. Smm, and negative deviation IS not per
missible;
3 Allowable deviations of the length of anchor bar is +5mm, and negative devia
tion is not permissible;
4 Allowable deviations of center line of anchor bar is ± 1. Smm;
5 Allowable deviation of perpendicularity between anchor bar and surface of
groove slab is l./30 (ta is the length of anchor bar, with unit of mm).
9.3.3 Fabrication precision of connection parts, supporting parts of glass curtain wall
shall meet the following requirements:
1 The appearance of connection parts, supporting parts shall be flat, without de
fects such as crack, burr, irregularity, warp, deformation, etc. ;
2 Allowable deviation of processing dimensions of connection parts, supporting
parts shall meet the requirements in Table 9.3.3.
'r b I'
A
T
r=I{~ A riew
Fig. 9. 3. 3 Sketch map for dimensions of connection parts, supporting parts
Table 9.3.3 Allowable Deviation of Dimensions of Connection Parts. Supporting Parts (mm)
Item Allowable deviation Item Allowable deviation
Height of connection part a +5, -2 Edge distance e +1.0,0
Length of connection part b +5, -2 Wall thickness t +0.5, -0.2
Distance between holes c ±1. 0 Bending angle a ±2°
Hole width d +1. 0,0
9.3.4 Fabrication of steel profile mullion and transom shall meet the requirements of
• 49 •
relevant provisions in current national standard "Code for Acceptance of Construction
Quality of Steel Structures" GB 50205.
9.3.5 Fabrication of supporting steel structure of point-supported glass curtain wall
1 Rational division shall be made to form assembly units;
2 Cutting processing shall be performed for pipe truss with numerically controlled
machine according to calculated intersection curve;
3 Allowable deviation of joint position of assembly unit In steel structure IS
±2.0mm;
4 The positive allowable deviation and negative allowable deviation of the length
of elements, assembly unit may be both taken as 1/2000 of the length;
5 The weld of tube connection elements shall be continuous along entire length,
homogeneous, full and smooth, without air bubble and scum; groove may not be made
for bracing element with a wall thickness less than 6mm; the leg size of fillet weld
should not be larger than 2 times of the wall thickness of bracing element;
6 Surface treatment for steel structure shall meet the requirements of relevant
provisions in section 3.3 in this code;
7 Test assembling should be carried out for steel structure assembled with units.
9.3.6 Fabrication of strut-cable system shall meet the following requirements:
1 Tensile failure test shall be performed for tensile rod and cable;
2 Before blanking, pre-tension for straightening shall be carried out for cable, the
stretching force may be taken as 50% of the fracture tensile force, the duration may be
taken as 2 hours;
3 Steel cable after cutting shall be fixed with sleeve using extruding machine;
4 Welded connection should not be adopted in the connection of tensile rod and
end rod;
5 Strut-cable system shall be assembled in working pedestal, and surface damage
shall be prevented.
9.3.7 Welded connection and bolted connection of steel structure shall meet the re
quirements of relevant provisions in current national standard "Code for Design of Steel
Structures" GB 50017 and professional standard "Technical Specification for Welding of
Steel Structure of Building" JGJ 81.
9.3.8 Surface coating of steel element shall meet the requirements of relevant provi
sions in current national standard "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Steel
Structures" GB 50205
9.4 Glass
9.4.1 Fabrication precision of single glass, laminated glass, insulating glass of glass
• 50 •
curtain wall shall meet the foil owing requirements;
1 Allowable deviation of dimension for single-sheet tempered glass shall meet the
requirements in Table 9.4. 1-1
Table 9.4.1-1 Allowable Deviation of Dimension for Tempered Glass (mm)
Item Glass thickness (mm) Glass side length Glass side length
6 ,8,10,12 ±1.5 ±2.0

Length
15, 19 ±2.0 ±3.0
6, 8,10,12 <2.0 <3.0

Diagonal difference
15. 19 <3.5
2 Allowable deviation 0 f dimension for insulating glass shall meet the require
ments in Table 9.4.1-2;
Table 9.4.1-2 Allowable Deviation of Dimension for Insulating Glass (mm)
Ite m Allowable deviation
L<1000 ±2.0
Side length 1000<L<2000 +2.0,-3.0
L~2000 ±3.0
L';;;2000 ';;;2. 5
Diagonal di Herence
L>2000 ';;;;3.5
t<17 ±1.0
Thickness 17<t<22 ±1.5
t~22 ±2.0
L<1000 ±2.0
1000<L<2000 ±3.0
Superposed devia tion

2000<L<4000 ±4.0
L~4000 ±6.0
3 Allowable deviation of dimension for laminated glass shall meet the reqUIre
ments in Table 9.4.1-3;
Table 9.4.1-3 Allowable Deviation of Dimension for Laminated Glass (mm)
Item Allowable deviation
L<ZOOO ±2.0
Diagonal diHerence
L>2000 ±2.5
L<2000 ';;;;2.5
Thickness
L>2000 <3.5
L<1000 ±2.0
1000~L<2000 ±3.0
Superposed deviation
2000<L<4000 ±4.0
L~4000 ±6.0
51
9.4.2 For glass after bending processing, allowable deviation of arch rise is ± 3. 0,
and the curve side of glass shall be consistently smooth; the degree of curvature of
straight side of glass shall not exceed O. 5 % for arch-pattern, and shall not exceed O. 3 %
for wave-pattern.
9.4.3 Fabrication of glass of full glass curtain wall shall meet the following require
ments:
1 Glass edge shall be chamfered and finely ground; exposed edge of glass shall be
ul tra-finely ground;
2 When hole-drilling installation IS used, edge of holes shall be chamfered, and
edge-breaking shall be prevented.
9.4.4 Fabrication of point-supported glass shall meet the following requirements:
1 The edges of glass panel and holes shall be chamfered and ground, the
chamfering width should not be less than 1 mm, finely grinding should be performed for
edges;
2 Edge-cutting, hole-drilling and edge grinding for glass shall be carried out be
fore toughening treatment;
3 Allowable deviation of processing of glass shall meet the requirements stipula
ted in Table 9. 4. 4;
Table 9. 4. 4 Allowable Deviation of Processing of Point-supported Glass
Perpendicularity
Diagonal Hole drilling Distance between
Item Side dimension between hole axis
difference position holes
and glass plane
Allowable
±1.Omm ~Z. Omm ±O.8mm ±l. Omm ±IZ'
deviation
4 After hole-drilling for insulating glass, multiple sealing measures shall be taken
in the hole-drilling position;
5 The big hole and the small hole in insulating glass or in laminated glass may be
opposi te to each other.
9.4.5 During sheet-combining processing of insulating glass, the influence of air pres
sure difference between fabricating place and installation place shall be considered, and
measures shall be taken to prevent the deformation of frontal face of glass.
9.5 Components of Exposed Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall
9.5. 1 Allowable deviation of processing dimension of components of exposed frame

supported glass curtain wall shall meet the following requirements:
1 Allowable deviation of assembling dimension of components shall meet the re
quirements in Table 9.5.1-1;
• 52 •
Table 9. 5.1-1 Allowable Deviation of Assembling Dimension of Components (mm)
Item Length of member Allowable deviation
<;;;;2000 ±2.0
Groove dimension of profile
>2000 ±2.5
Dimension deviation of <;;;;2000 <;;;;2.0
opposite sides of component >2000 <;;;;3.0
Dimension devia tion of <;;;;2000 <;;;;3.0
diagonal of component >2000 <;;;;3.5
2 Allowable deviation of assembling clearance and degree of homo-plane between

adjacent components shall meet the requirements in Table 9.5. 1-2;
Table 9. 5.1-2 Allowable Deviation of Assembling Clearance and
Degree of Hom~plane Between Adjacent Components (mm)
Item Allowable deviation Item Allowable deviation
Assembling clearance <;;;;0.5 Deviation of degree of homo·plane <;;;;0.5
9. S. 2 Matching dimensions between single sheet glass and groove (Fig. 9. 5. 2) shall
meet the requirements in Table 9. 5. 2.
b.
t
Fig. 9. 5. 2 General view of matching between single sheet glass and groove
Table 9. S. 2 Matching Dimensions Between Single Sheet Glass and Groove (mm)
Glass thickness (mm) a b c
5-6 ;;. 3. 5 ;;'15 ;;'5
8~10 ;;'4. 5 ;;'16 ;;'5
Not less than 2 ;;'5.5 ;;'18 ;;'5
9. S. 3 Matching dimensions between insulating glass and groove (Fig. 9. 5. 3) shall

meet the requirements in Table 9.5.3.
Table 9. S. 3 Matching Dimensions Between Single Sheet Glass and Groove (mm)
Thickness of c
insulating glass a b
Bottom side Top side Lateral side
(mm)
6+d.+6 ;;'5 ;;'17 <;;;;5 <;;;;5
8+d. +8 more than ;;'6 ;;'18 ;;'7 ;;'5 ;;'5
Note:d. is the thickness of air layer, which shall not be less than 9mm.
• 53 •
b
l' C l' '1
;
II
M ~.=t
II
Fig. 9. 5. 3 General view of matching between insulating glass and groove

9.5.4 The arrangement of gas-guide hole and drainage hole of component of exposed
frame supported glass curtain wall shall meet the design requirements, smoothness of
gas-guide hole and drainage hole shall be ensured during assembly.
9.5.5 Components of exposed frame supported curtain wall shall be assembled tight
ly. Structural silicone sealant shall be adopted for sealing when sealing is required in de I
sIgn.
9.5.6 During the assembly of exposed frame supported curtain wall, measures shall be
taken to control the clearance between glass and aluminum alloy frame. The bottom
edge of glass shall be supported with two press formed neoprene pad blocks, of which
the dimension shall meet the requirements in article 4.3.11 in this code.
9.6 Components of Hidden Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall
9.6.1 Cleaning of glass panel and aluminum frame in semi-hidden, hidden frame sup
ported curtain wall shall meet the following requirements:
1 Dust, grease stain and other smudge on cementation surface between glass and
aluminum frame shall be cleared with duster cloth containing solvent and dry duster
cloth;
2 Adhesive shall be filled within one hour after cleaning; it shall be re-cleaned if
contaminated again before filing adhesive;
3 Renewal of clean dry duster cloth shall be done every time a new component or
glass is ready to be cleaned.
9.6.2 When solvent is used in cleaning, the foHowing requirements shall be complied
with:
1 Duster cloth shall not be immersed in solvent; solvent shall be poured to duster
cloth;
2 Clean container shall be used for the use and storage of solvent;
3 Fire is prohibited in the place where solvent is used;
4 Notices marked on the package or label of the solvent used shall be complied
with.
• 54
9.6.3 Qualified checking report for compatibility must be acquired before filling struc
tural silicone sealant. ground coating shall be painted if necessary. Mixedness property
test (butterfly test) and tensile failure test shall be performed for structural silicone
sealant with two constituents.
9.6.4 When panels are cemented with structural silicone sealant, structure sealant
shall not be in the condition that it bears load individually. Components of structural sil
icone sealant shall not be moved before solidification finishes and adequate load-carrying
capaci ty is obtained.
9.6.5 Filling sealant in assembly components of hidden frame supported glass curtain
wall must be full without bubbles, the surface of sealant joint shall be flat and smooth;
residual sealant from finishing sealant joint shall not be used again.
9.6.6 After structural silicone sealant solidifies completely, deviation of dimension of
assembly components of hidden frame supported glass curtain wall shall meet the re
quirements stipulated in Table 9. 6. 6.
Table 9.6.6 Allowable Deviation of Dimension of Assembly Components of Hidden Frame Supported
Glass Curtain Wall After Complete Solidification of Structural Sealant (mm)
Serial number Item Dimension scope Allowable deviation
1 Length and width of frame ±1.0
2 Length and width of component ±2.5
3 Height difference of frame joint 0.5
Diagonal difference When the longer side «2000 «2.5

4
of inner side of frame When the longer side> 2000 ",,3.5
5 Assembling clearance of frame ",,0.5
+2.0
6 Joint width
0
+0.5
7 Joint thickness
0
Posi tion difference between
8 peri pheral glass and ±l. 0
aluminum frame
9 Flatness of structural component «3.0
10 Component thickness ±1.5
9.6.7 When cantilevered glass is adopted for hidden frame supported glass curtain
wall, the projecting size shall meet the calculation requirements, and should not exceed
150mm.
9. 7 Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall Assembled in Prefabricated Units
9.7.1 Each panel shall be numbered before processing of frame supported glass curtain
wall assembled in prefabricated units, an the direction of sequence of processing, trans
porta tion, and installa tion sha II be indica ted clearly,
• 55 •
9.7.2 Elements of panels of unit shall connected firmly, the clearance in the connec
tion region shall be sealed with weather proofing silicone sealant, and the construction
of sealant joint shall meet the requirements stipulated in article 10.2.7 in this code.
9.7.3 Suspending part and supporting part of unit plate shall have a scope for adjust
ment, suspending part and mullion shall be connected firmly with stainless steel bolt,
and then number of fixing bolts shall not be less than two.
9.7.4 Structural silicone sealant of unit plate should not be exposed.
9.7.5 During the process of removing, transportation, hoisting, measures shall be
taken to prevent the slide or deformation of glass.
9.7. 6 After completion of assembly of unit plates, technological holes should be
plugged, and gas-guide holes and drainage holes shall remain smooth.
9.7.7 When self-drilling screws are adopted to the connection of frame components of
unit, the number of self-drilling screws shall not be less than 3 at each place, the diame
ter of self-drilling screw shall not be less than 4mm. The maximum inner diameter,
minimum inner diameter and drilling torque shall meet the requirements in Table 9. 7. 7.
Table 9.7.7 Requirements of Inner Diameter and Torque of Screws
Nominal diameter of screw Hole diameter (mm)

Torsion moment (Nm)
(mm) Minimum Maximum
4.2 3.430 3.480 4.4
4.6 4.015 4.065 6.3
5. 5 4. 735 4. 785 10.0
6.3 5.475 5.525 13.6
9.7.8 Allowable deviation of Fabrication of frame components of unit shall meet the
requirements stipulated in Table 9.7.8.
Table 9.7.8 Allowable Deviation of Dimensions of Fabrication of Frame Components of Unit
Serial number item Allowable deviation Inspection method
Lengt h (wid th) ~2000 ±l. 5mm Steel ruler or

1 of frame
>2000 ±2.0mm board ruler
(mm)
Length (width) of ~2000 ±l. 5mm Steel ruler Or
2 division grid
>2000 ±2.0mm board ruler
(mm)
Length difference ~2000 ~2. 5mm Steel ruler Or
3 of diagonals
>2000 ~3. 5mm
board ruler
(mm)
4 Height difference of joints ~0.5mm Vernier depth cursor
5 Clearance of joints ~O. 5mm Patching

-
6 Fish tail On frame surface ~3 places and total length ~100
7 Abrasion on frame material ~3 places and total area ~200mm'
• 56 •
9.7.9 Allowable deviation of assembling of components of unit shall meet the requIre
ments stipulated in Table 9.7.9.
Table 9.7.9 Allowable Deviation of Assembling of Components of Unit
Serial number Item Allowable deviation (mm) Inspection method
Length, ";;;;2000 ±l. 5mm

I width of component Steel ruler
(mm) >2000 ±2.0mm
Length difference of ";;;;2000 ";;;;2.5mm
2 diagonals of component Steel ruler
(mm) >2000 ~3. 5mm
+1.0
3 Width of sealant joint Calipers Or steel rule
0
+0.5
4 Thickness of sealant join t Calipers or steel rule
0
Overlapping amount +1. 0

5 Steel rule
(comparing with design value) 0
6 Flatness of component ";;;;1. 5mm 1 m triangular rule
Width of joint between panel

7 boa rds of component ±1.0 Feeler
(comparing with design value)
Distance between vertical axis of

8 connection part and outer surface of ±1.0 Steel ruler
component (comparing with design value)
Distance betwcen horizontal axis of

±1. 0 (±2. 0 when adjustable
9 connection member and horizontal butt Steel ruler
upwards and downwards)
insert ing center line
Distance bet wecn vertical axis

10 of connection member and vertical butt ±1.0 Steel ruler
inserting center line
_.
HClrizontal distance between
11 ±1.0 Steel ruler
cen ter lines of two conncction members
Horizontal distance difference

12 between upper end and lower end ±0.5 Steel ruler
of two connection members
Diagonal difference between

13 uppcr end and lower end of two ±1.0 Steel ruler
connection members
9. 8 Inspection of Elements of Glass Curtain Wall
9.8.1 Random sampling inspection with 5% of the amount of elements shall be per
formed for elements of glass curtain wall, and the number of each type of elements shall
• 57 •
not be less than 5. When one unqualified element exists, inspection shall be carried out
with double of the original sampling amount, until qualification is obtained.
9.8.2 There shall be certification of qualification for elements when products leave
factory.
• 58 •
10 Construction
10.1.1 Main structure construction for glass curtain wall shall meet the requirements
stipulated in relevant standard of acceptance of structural construction quality.
10.1.2 The material types, specifications, colors and characteristics of elements and
accessories of glass curtain wall on site for installation shall meet the design require
ments.
10.1.3 Construction management planning shall be programmed individually for the
Construction of glass curtain wall, and the following items shall be included:
1 Project schedule plan;
2 Coordination schemes matching the construction, equipment installation, deco
ration and fitment of main structure;
3 Transportation and hoisting method;
4 Measuring method;
5 Installation method;
6 Installation sequence;
7 Field protection method for elements, components and finished products;
8 Inspection and Acceptance;
9 Safety measures.
10.1.4 Construction management planning for frame supported glass curtain wall as
sembled in prefabricated units shall also incl ude the following items:
1 The type of hoisting equipments and moving method for hoisting equipments,
methods and equipments for vertical transportation and horizontal transportation on
floor;
2 Position of units for closing-up, technique for closing-up and operating method;
3 Hoisting sequence for components of units, methods and measures of hoisting,
adjusting, positioning and fixing;
4 Construction management planning of curtain wall shall link with that of main
structure, the closing-up positions of glass curtain shall be coordinated with the ar
rangement of construction equipments in main construction plane drawing, if crane is
used to hoist the components of units directly, all the installation positions shall be cov
ered in the range of crane boom.
10.1.5 Construction management planning for point-supported glass curtain wall shall
• 59 •
also include the following items:
1 Schemes of transportation, site-assembling and hoisting;
2 Scheme for the applying, measuring, adjusting of pre-tensile force in tensile
strut-cable system and method for the positioning and fixing of cables and rods;
3 Methods for the transportation, installation, adj usting and fixing of glass;
4 The filling of sealant joint and measures for quality assurance.
10.1.6 When scaffold is used in construction, manufacturer for construction of glass
curtain wall shall consult with civil construction organization on the scheme about scaf
fold used in construction of curtain wall. Suspended scaffold should be 3 stories in
height; ground-mounted scaffold shall be double-row arranged.
10.1. 7 Construction survey of glass curtain wall shall meet the following reqUIre
ments:
1 The survey of mesh division axes shall be coordinated with the survey of main
structure, and its deviation shall be adjusted in time, not be accumulated;
2 Installation positioning reference of glass curtain wall shall be checked periodi
cally;
3 The survey for tall building shall be conducted when wind scale IS not larger
than 4.
10.1.8 In the installation of curtain wall, elements shall not be collided and damaged
during processes of storage, transportation, hoisting; semi-finished products shall be
protected in time; protective measures shall be taken for protective coatings of pro
files.
10.1.9 In the installation of coated glass, the orientation of surface with coating shall
meet the design requirements.
10.1.10 In weld working, protective measures shall be taken to prevent the burning of
profiles or coatings of glass.
10.2 Preparations for Construction
10.2.1 Before Construction, manufacturer for Construction of glass curtain wall shall
check the cleaning condition, scaffold, hoisting and transporting equipments on the site
together with civil construction organization, and confirm whether there are qualifica
tions needed for construction of curtain wall.
10.2.2 Elements shall be laid in sequence in storage, storage shelf shall have enough
load-carrying capacity and stiffness. Protective measures shall be taken when elements
are stored outdoors.
10.2.3 Pre-embedded parts that connect glass curtain wall and main structure shall be
embedded according to the design requirement before construction of main structure;
• 60 •
the position deviation of pre-embedded parts shall not be larger than 20mm.
10.2.4 When the position deviation of pre-embedded parts is overlarge or pre-embed
ded parts are not set, remedial measures or scheme of reliable connection shall be made,
which can be implemented only with the agreement of employer and civil design organi
zation after consultation.
10.2.5 When the construction deviation of main structure impedes the Construction of
curtain wall, corresponding measures shall be taken after consultation with employer
and civil construction organization, which shall be implemented before the installation of
curtain wall.
10.2.6 For curtain wall in which new material. new structure are adopted, prototypes
should be fabricated on site, and Construction can be carried out after approval of em
ployer, supervisor, and civil design organization.
10.2. 7 Inspection and correction shall be performed before the installation of ele
ments. Unqualified elements must not be used for installation.
10.3 Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall Assembled in Elements
10.3.1 The installation of mullion of glass curtain wall shall meet the following re
quirements:
1 The deviation of installation axes of mullions shall not be larger than 2mm;
2 The deviation of installation height marks between adjacent mullions shall not
be larger than 3mm, the maximum deviation of installation height marks of mullions in
the same floor shall not be larger than 5mm; the deviation of distance between fixing
points of two adjacent mullions shall not be larger than 2mm;
3 Mullions shall be fastened in time after positioning and adjusting.
10.3.2 The installation of transom of glass curtain wall shall meet the following re
quirements:
1 Transom shall be installed firmly, when there is clearance between transom and
mullion in design, the width of clearance shall meet the design requirements;
2 The deviation of horizontal height marks of two ends of the same transom or
two adjacent transoms shall not be larger than lmm. The deviation of height marks in
the same floor: when the width of the curtain wall is not larger than 35m, it shall not be
larger than 5m; when the width of the curtain wall is larger than 35m, it shall not be
larger than 7m;
3 Inspection, adjusting and fixing shall be performed tn time after installation of
one story height is complete.
10.3.3 The installation of other main accessories of glass curtain wall shall meet the
following requirements:
• 61 •
1 Fire-resistant material and thermal isolated material shall be laid flatly and fixed
firmly, without clearance in the joining region;
2 Condensate draining pipe and its accessory shall be connected tightly with pre
retained holes of horizontal elements. the connection region with outflow holes of inner
board shall be sealed;
3 Other air slotted hole and rain drainage hole shall be constructed according to
the design requirements, and shall not be omitted;
4 Closing treatment shall be taken for sealing according to the design requlre
ments;
5 Temporary bolts used in the installation of glass curtain wall shall be removed
in time after the fastening of elements;
6 Elements which are welded on site or fastened with high-strength bolts. shall be
treated with rust prevention measures in time after fastened.
10.3.4 The installation of glass curtain wall shall be implemented according to the fol
lowing requirements:
1 Cleaning of surfaces shall be performed before the installation of glass. For sin
gle sheet solar controlled coated glass. the surface with coating shall face interior. and
the surface without coating shall face exterior. except the condition of other design re
quirements;
2 Rubber strip around glass shall be selected according to specified types. its
length should be 1. 5% ~2% larger than that of inner rabbet of outer frame; rubber
strip shall be jointed to redefined design angle after cut in inclined plane. and shall be
adhered firmly with adhesive; the inlaying shall be flat and smooth.
10.3.5 Aluminum alloy decorative press plates installed shall be surface-flat, uniform
in color. the joint shall be homogeneous and tight.
10.3.6 Sealing of structural silicone sealant should not be carried out at night or in rai
ning day. temperature for sealing shall meet the design and product requirements. the
surface for sealing shall be clean and dry before sealing.
10.3.7 The construction of weather proofing silicone sealant in frame supported glass
curtain wall assembled in elements shall meet the following requirements:
1 Construction thickness of weather proofing silicone sealant shall be larger than
3. 5mm. the construction width should not be less than 2 times of construction thick
ness; the bottom of some deep sealing rabbet shall be plugged with polyethylene foam
material;
2 Weather proofing silicone sealant shall be used to cement two opposite faces.
and not to cement three faces.
• 62 •
10.4 Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall Assembled in Fabricated Units
10.4.1 Preparation of unit hoisting equipments shall meet the following requirements:
1 Proper hoisting equipment shall be selected according to unit plates, which shall
be installed firmly on main structure;
2 Before the usage, overall quality and safety inspection shall be performed to
hoisting equipment;
3 Hoisting equipment shall be designed to avoid horizontal force component be
tween itself and unit pIa te;
4 The operating velocity of hoisting equipment shall be controllable, and safety
measures shall be taken;
5 Measures shall be taken for hoisting equipment to prevent the swinging of unit
plate.
10.4.2 The transportation of unit components shall meet the following requirements:
1 Before transportation unit plates shall be numbered in sequence, and finished
products shall be protected;
2 During the processes of loading, unloading and transportation, transfer shelf
with adequate load-carrying capaci ty and stiffness shall be adopted, resilient pad shall be
used, and make sure that panels are separated reciprocally and fixed relatively, with no
extrusion with each other and dislocation;
3 Special measures shall be take for unit plates of which the dimension exceeds the
allowable val ue of transportation;
4 Unit plates shall be placed in equilibrium, and the deformation of panels or pro
files shall not be allowed;
5 Measures shall be taken to decrease jolt during transportation.
10.4.3 When unit plates are piled on site, following requirements shall be complied
with:
1 Specific site for piling should be set, and safety measures shall be taken;
2 Unit plates should be placed on transfer shelves;
3 Unit plates shall be placed with numbers in sequence based on the principle of
LIFO according to installation sequence;
4 Unit plates shall not be piled layer on layer directly;
5 Unit plates should not be loaded and unloaded frequently.
10.4.4 Hoisting and positioning shall meet the following requirements:
1 Hosting points and suspending points shall meet the design requirements, the
number of hoisting points shall not be less than 2. Reinforcement measures of hoisting
points may be added and trial hoisting may be performed if necessary;
• 63 •
2 In the hoisting of unit plates, hoisting points shall bear loads uniformly, unit
plates shall maintain stable in the hoisting process;
3 The elevation and translation in hoisting shall ensure that unit plates do not
SWing, collide with other objects;
4 Measures shall be taken to ensure that the decorative surface would not be abra
ded and squeezed;
5 During the positioning, unit plates shall be suspended to the suspending points
on main structure, and hosting equipment shall not be demounted before the fixation of
panels.
10.4.5 The allowable deviation of connection parts shall meet the requirements stipu
lated in Table 10.4.5.
Table 10.4.5 Allowable Deviation of Installation of Connection Part
Serial number Item Allowable deviation (mm) Inspection met hod

----
±lO (±2. 0 when adjustable

1 Height mark Gradienter
upwards and downwards)
Parallelism of two ends

2 '~l. 0 Steel ruler
of connection parts
Horizontal distance from

3 ~l.O Steel ruler
installation axis
Perpendicu lari ty devia tion

4 (devia tion between upper end. bottom ±l.O Steel ruler
end and perpendicular)
Horizontal distance between centers

5 of connecting points of two ±l.O Steel ruler
connection parts
Diagonal difference of upper end

6 ±l.O Steel ruler
and bottom end of two connection parts
Deviation of adjacent three

7 connection parts ±l.O Steel ruler
(upper and lower. left and right)
10.4. 6 Correction and fixation shall be performed according to the following prOVl
slOns:
1 Correction shall be performed in time after the positioning of unit plates;
2 After the correction, unit plates shall be fixed with connection regions in time,
and acceptance for concealed work shall be carried out;
3 The deviation of framed supported glass curtain wall assembled in prefabricated
"\
units after installation and fixation shall meet the requirements in Table 10.4.6;
• 64 •
Table 10.4.6 Deviation of Installation of Framed Supported Glass
curtain Wall Assembled in Prefabricated Units
Serial number Item Allowa ble devia tion (mm) Inspection method
Height of curtain wall H (m)

":;;10
Perpendicularity H":;;30
Laser theodolite
1 of vertical joint 30<H":;;60 ,,:;; 15
or theodolite
and wall surface 60<H":;;90 ":;;20
H>90 ":;;25
Triangular rule of 2m,
2 Flatness of curtain wall ":;;2.5
steel rule
3 Linearity of vertical joint ";;;2.5
steel rule
4 Linearity of transverse joint 0;::2.5
steel rule
5 loint width (comparing with design value) ±2 Callipers

1---
L":;;20m 1
Linearity of
weather 20m<L";;;60m 3
6 Steel ruler
proofing 60m<L":;;100m 6
sealant joint
L 100m 10
Height difference of joints

7 ":;;1.0 Depthometer
between two adjacent panels
Linearity of L";;;35m ":;;3.0 Laser theodolite
8 weather proofing
":;;5.0 or theodolite
sealant joint L>35m
Height difference of panel surfaces

9 ":;;1.0 Depthometer
of two adjacent components
Overlapping length of joints of butt inserting

10 part of two components (comparing ±1.0 Callipers
with design value)
Distance between butt inserting part of

II two components and the groove bottom ± I. 0 Callipers
(comparinl( with design value)
4 After the fixation of unit plates, hoisting equipments may be demounted, and
the rabbets of profiles of unit plates shall be cleaned in time.
10.4.7 If temporary halt takes place during construction, positions such as butt-in
serted rabbets shall be protected, finished product protection shall be carried out for in
stalled unit plates.
10.5 Full Glass Curtain Wall
10.5.1 Before installation of full glass curtain wall, inlay rabbets shall be cleaned;
when temporary hal t takes place during construction midway, protective measures shall
be taken for rabbets.
• 65 •
10.5.2 During the process of installation of full glass curtain wall, the levelness and
perpendicularity of panels and ribs shall be checked and adjusted at all time, to make
sure the wall face is flatly installed.
10.5.3 Hanging clamps of each glass shall be located in identical plane, and shall bear
load uniformly.
10.5.4 The embedded depth of two sides into rabbets, and the pre-retained clearances
shall meet the design requirements, the dimensions of clearances in left and right sides
should be the same.
10.5.5 Mechanical suction cups should be used to the installation of glass in full glass
curtai n wall, and necessary safety measures sha 1I be ta ken.
10.5.6 The construction quality of full glass curtain wall shall meet the requirements
in Table 10.5.6.
Table 10.5.6 Requirements for Construction Quality of Full Glass Curtain Wall
Serial number Item Allowable deviation Inspection method
Height of curtain wall

H (m)
Perpendicularity 10mm Laser theodolite

I H";;;;30
of curtain wall plane 30<H";;;;60 15mm or theodolite
60<H";;;;90 20mm
90 25mm
Triangular rule of 2m.

2 Flatness of curtain wall 2.5mm
steel rule

3 Linearity of vertical joint 2.5mm
steel rute

4 Linearity of transverse joint 2.5mm
steel rule
5 Width of joint ±2m Callipers
6 Height deviation between two adjacent panels 1.0mm Depthometer
Deviation between angle of glnss

7 ";;1· Protractor
panel and rib plate and design value
10. 6 Point-supported Glass Curtain WaIl
10.6.1 The installation of supporting device of point-supported glass curtain wall shall
meet the following requirements:
1 The processes of hole-boring, assembling, welding and finishing in the installa
tion of steel structure shall meet the requirements of relevant provisions in current na
• 66 •
tional standard "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Steel Structures" GB
50205;
2 Hoisting design shall be performed for larger-scaled steel structural elements.
and trial hoisting shall be carried out;
3 Steel structure shall be fastened in time after the positioning and adjusting, and
acceptance for concealed work shall be carried out;
4 The connection regions for installation where the coat of steel elements is dam
aged during transportation, storage and installation or coating is not conducted. shall be
coated for complement according to current national standard "Code for Acceptance of
Construction Quality of Steel Structures" GB 50205.
10.6.2 In tensile strut-cable system, the applying of pre-tension force of tensile rod
and cable shall meet the following requirements:
1 When the steel tensile rods and steel cables are installed. pre-tension force must
be applied according to the design requirements, and adjusting device for pre-tension
force should be set; pre-tension force should be measured with dynamometer. When
torque spanner is used to apply pre-tension force. calibration shall be performed before
hand;
2 Tensile force shall be taken as the controlling parameter in the applying of pre
tension force; fractionated. batched symmetrical stretching shall be performed for ap
plying the pre-tension force of tensile rod and cable; in the stretching, adjustments shall
be made for the pre-tension force of tensile rods and cables at all time;
3 Full inspection shaH be performed to elements and anchorages before stretc
hing. and notice for stretching shall be issued. In notice for stretching, the date for
stretching, the number of ba tched stretching, the contrail ing fore in each stretchi ng,
equipments for stretching, force-measuring device, safety measures applied and matters
for attention are included;
4 Stretching record shall be established;
5 Construction temperature shall be considered for the actual applied value of pre
tension force in tensile rods and cables.
10.6.3 The deviation for installation of elements of supporting device shall meet the
requirements in Table 10.6.3.
10.6.4 Before the installation of spider linking part. its installed position shall be de
termined accurately. The allowable deviation for installation of spider linking part shall
meet the requirements stipulated in Table 10.6.3 in this code.
10.6.5 The installation quality of panels of point-supported glass curtain wall shall
meet the requirements of relevant provisions in Table 10.5.6 in this code.
• 67 •
Table 10.6.3 Technical Requirements for Installation of Supporting Device
Name Allowable deviation (mm)
Spacing between two adjacent vertical members ±2.5
Perpendicularity of vertical members 1/100 or ~5, 1 is the span
Flatness of outer surfaces of three adjacent vertical members 5
Horizontal spacing and vertical distance between two adjacent

±1.5
bases of adjacent spider linking parts
HorizOntal height difference of two adjacent bases of adjacent spider linking parts 1.5
Levelness of spider linking part base 2
Height difference of bases of adjacent spider 5

linking parts within the height of same floor 7
Vertical spacing between two adjacent bases of adjacent spider linking parts ±2.0
Diagonal difference of spider linking parts in a single grid division 4
Flatness of end faces of spider linking parts 6.0
10.7 Safety Provisions
10.7.1 The Construction of glass curtain wall shall meet the requirements of relevant
provisions in current professional standards "Technical Code for Safety of High Altitude
Operation of Building Construction" JGJ 80. "Technical Specification for Safety Opera
tion of Construction Machinery" JGJ 33, "Technical Code for Safety of Temporary Elec
trifica tion on Construction Site" J GJ 46.
10.7.2 Strict inspection shall be performed to the Construction equipment before us
age. Insulating voltage test shall be performed to electric equipment; test for suction
weight and suction duration shall be performed to hand glass suction cups and glass suc
tion cup machines.
10.7.3 When external scaffold is adopted In construction, scaffold shall be designed
and connected with main structure reliably. Ground-mounted scaffold shall be double
row arranged.
10.7. 4 When the installation of glass curtain wall and construction of main structure are
interlaced in tall building. protection net shall be set beneath the construction story of main
structure; at the height of about 3m above the ground. horizontal protection net with a
projecting width not less than 6mm shall be set.
10.7.5 When hanging basket is adopted in construction. the following requirements
shall be complied with:
• 68 •
1 Hanging basket shall be designed. and safety inspection shall be performed be
fore usage;
2 Hanging basket shall not be taken as vertical transportation facility, and not be
over-loaded;
3 Inspection for hanging basket shall not be performed in the air;
4
The construction staff on the hanging basket shall wear safety belts.
10.7.6 When site-welding is conducted. fire-resisting measures shall be taken.
• 69 •
11 Project Acceptance
1 I. 1 General Requirement
II. I. 1 The surfaces shall be cleaned before the acceptance of glass curtain wall pro
ject.
II. I. 2 The following materials shall be submitted In the acceptance of glass curtain
wall:
1 As-built drawings or construction drawings, structural calculation document,
design alteration document and other design document of curtain wall project;
2 The certification of product qualification, performance inspection report, site
acceptance record and acceptance report for types of rna terials, accessories, fasteners,
elements and components in curtain wall project;
3 Commodity inspection certification for imported structural silicone adhesive;
compatibility and bonding failure and cementation test report formed by national author
ized testing organization;
4 Field pull-out performance test report for post-embedded parts;
5 The inspection report for performances of deformation under wind pressure,
air-tightness, water-tightness and other performance inspection reports;
6 Records of ambient temperature and humidity for sealing and curing; Mixedness
property test record and tension failure test for structural silicone sealant with two con
stituents;
7 Testing record for lightning prevention device;
8 Documents of acceptance of concealed work;
9 Record for Fabrication of elements and components of curtain wall; Record for
Construction of curtain wall;
10 Record for stretching of pre-tension force of tensile strut-cable system;
11 Record for rain-shower test;
12 Other quality guarantee materials.
II. I. 3 Before the acceptance of glass curtain wall project, the field acceptance of fol
lowing concealed iterns shall be finished in Construction:
1 Pre-embedded parts or post-installed bolt connection parts;
2 The connection joints of elements and main structure;
3 The plugging between circumference, inner surface of curtain wall and main
structure;
• 70 •
4 Expansion joint, settlement joint, isolation joint of curtain wall and corner joint
of wall surface;
5 Fixation of hidden frame glass panels;
6 Connection joints of lightning resistance of curtain wall;
7 Joints of fire prevention, smoke insulation of curtain wall;
8 Closing-up joint of frame supported curtain wall assembled In prefabricating
units.
11. 1. 4 Appearance inspection and sampling inspection shall be performed for quality
inspection of glass curtain wall project, the inspection lots shall be determined according
to the following requirements, each glass curtain wall shall be inspected.
1 For Glass Curtain Wall engineering with the same design, material, technique
and construction condition, every area of 500~ 1000m 2 shall be taken as one inspection
lot, area less than 500m 2 shall be taken as one inspection lot. At least one place which
shall not be less than 10m 2 , shall be spot checked in each 100m 2 of every inspection lot;
2 The discontinuous curtain wall projects in one identical unit of project, shall be
divided into inspection lots individually;
3 For curtain wall with irregular shape or special requirements, the dividing of in
spection lots shall be determined by the consultation of supervision organization, devel
opment organization and construction organization according to the characteristics of
structure and technique of curtain wall and the scale of curtain wall project.
11. 2 Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall
11.2.1 Appearance inspection of glass curtain wall shall meet the following require
ments:
1 The frame of exposed frame supported curtain wall shall be horizontal or verti
cal; J:he unit joint of frame supported curtain wall assembled in prefabricating units, or
glass joint of division grid of hidden frame supported curtain wall shall be horizontal or
vertical, with uniform width, and meet the design requirements;
2 Coat exfoliation shall not arise for aluminum alloy material; the type, specifica
tion, and color shall be consistent with those in design, the color of whole glass curtain
wall shall be homogeneous; the phenomena of alkali precipitation, molding and coat ex
foliation shall be arise;
3 The surface of decorative press plate shall be flat, without defects of megascop
ic deformation, wave or local collision;.
4 The treating of closing-up of upper and lower sides and lateral sides, settlement
joint, expansion joint, isolation joint and protection system against lightning for curtain
wall shall meet the design requirements;
• 71 •
5 The covering decoration for concealed points shall be neat and aesthetic;
6 In rain- shower test, curtain wall shall not leak.
11. 2. 2 Sampling inspection for framed supported glass curtain wall project shall meet
the following requirements:
1 The aluminum alloy material and glass surface shall not have aluminum chip
pings, burrs, visible welding inj uries, grease marks and other dirt;
2 Glass of curtain wall shall be installed firmly, rubber strips shall be inlaid com
pactly, and sealant shall be used to fill flatly;
3 The surface quality of per square meter glass shall meet the requirements stipu
lated in Table 11. 2. 2-1;
Table 11.2.2-1 Requirements for Surface Quality of Per Square Meter Glass
Item Quality requirement
Fish tail of O. 1~0. 3mm Length shall be less than 100mmt not be more than 8
Abrasion Not larger than 500mm 1
4 The surface quality of aluminum alloy frames of a division grid shall meet the
requirements stipulated in Table 11. 2. 2-2;
Table 11.2.2-2 Requirements for Surface Quality of Aluminum Alloy Frames of a Division Grid
Item Quality requirement
Depth of abrasion, fish tail Not larger than 2 times of the thickne~s of oxide coat
Total area of abrasion (mm 2 ) Not larger than 500
Total lengt h of fish tail (mm) Not larger than 150
Number of places of abrasion and fish tail Not larger than 4
Note: a grid division of aluminum alloy frame represents surrounding frame members.
5 The installation quality of elements of aluminum alloy frames shall meet the re
quirements stipulated in Table 11. 2. 2-3, the measuring inspection shall be performed in
the condition with a wind scale less than 4;
Table II. 2. 2-3 Requirements for Installation Quality of Elements of Aluminum Alloy Frames
Allowable deviation
Item Inspection method
(mm)
Curtain wall with height not larger
10
than 30m
Curtain wall with height larger than
15
30m, not larger than 60m
Perpendicular Curtain wall with height larger than Laser theodolite
1 20
of curtain wall 60m, not larger than 90m Or theodolite
25
gOm, not larger than 150m
30
150m
Triangular rule of
2 Linearity of vertical members 2. 5
2m, feeler
• 72 •
Table 11. 2. 2-3 (continued)
Allowable deviation
(mm)
Levelness of
transverse Length not larger than 2000mm 2
3 Level instrument
members Length larger than 2000m 3
of curtain wall
Height difference of two adjacent transverse

4 1 Steel rule, feeler
members at the same height
Levelness of
Width not larger than 35m 5
transverse
5 Level instrument
members of
Width larger than 35m 7
curtain wall
Diagonal 3
Diagonal length not larger than 2000m
difference Diagonal ruler
6
of grid division 3.5 or steel tape
Diagonal length larger than 2000m
of frame
Note: 1 Items 1-5 in the table are inspected according to member sampling number, item 6 is inspected according
to grid division sampling number;
2 For curtain wall perpendicular to ground, perpendicularity of vertical members comprises in-plane and out-
of-plane inspections of curtain wall,
3 Vertical linearity comprises in-plane and out-of-plane inspections of curtain wall.
11. 2. 3 The installation quality of hidden frame supported glass curtain wall shall meet
the requirements stipulated in Table 11. 2. 3.
Table 11. 2. 3 Requirements for Installation Quality of Hidden Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall
Allowable deviation
(mm)
Curtain wall with height not larger than 30m 10
Curtain wall with height larger than 30m, not

15
Perpendicular larger than 60m
of vertical Curtain wall with height larger than 60m, not Laser theodoli te
1 20
joint and larger than 90m or theodolite
curtain wall
Curtain wall with height larger than gOm. not
25
larger than 150m
Curtain wall with height larger than 150m 30

2 Flatness of curtain wall 2.5
steel rule

3 Linearity of vertical joint 2.5
steel rule

4 Linearity of transverse joint 2.5
steel rule
5 Splicing joint width (comparing with design value) 2 Callipers

,
11. 2. 4 Concerning sampling number In sampling inspection of glass curtain wall, for
• 73 •
the vertical elements or vertical joints, horizontal elements or horizontal joints of each
curtain wall, 5% shall be spot checked respectively. and the number shall be not less
than 3. For division grids of each curtain wall, 5 % shall be spot checked respectively,
and the number shall be not less than 10. The quality in sampling inspection shall meet
the requirements stipulated in article 11. 2. 2 or article 11. 2. 3 in this code.
Note: 1 For the sample in sampling. One vertical element or vertical joint represents one element Or joint with the full
height of the curtain wall; one horizontal element or horizontal joint represents one element or joint with the
full width of the curtain wall;
For all the opening regions on curtain wall. the project acceptance of sampling inspection shall meet the re
quirements of relevant provisions in current national standard "Code for Project Acceptance of Building Dec
oration" GB 50210.
1I. 3 Full Glass Curtain Wall
II. 3.1 The exterior appearance of wall surface shall be flat. sealant joint shall be flat
and smooth, with uniform width. The deviation between the width of sealant joint and
the design value shall not be less than 2mm.
II. 3. 2 The deviation of perpendicularity between glass panel and glass rib shall not be
less than 2mm; the deviation of altitudes of planes of adjacent glass panels shall not be
larger than 1mm.
II. 3.3 The clearance between glass and embedded groove shall meet the design re
quirements. the filling of sealant shall be homogeneous. compact and continuous.
11.3.4 The clearance between glass and surrounding structure or decoration shall not
be less than 8mm, sealant joint shall be homogeneous, compact and continuous.
1 I. 4 Point-supported Glass Curtain Wall
11.4.1 The frontal face of glass curtain wall shall be flat, sealant joint shall be hori
zontal or vertical with uniform width and smooth surface. The weld of steel structure
shall be smooth, anti-corrosive coat shall be homogeneous wi thout damage. Glossiness
of stainless steel element shall be consistent with design. and rusty spot is not allowed.
II. 4. 2 The acceptance of steel structure shall meet the requirements stipulated in cur
rent national standard "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Steel Struc
tures" GB 50205.
11.4.3 The pre-tension force of tensile rod and cable shall meet the design requIre
ments.
II. 4. 4 The allowable installation deviation of point-supported glass curtain wall shall
meet the requirements stipulated in Table 11. 4. 4.
II. 4. 5 The installation deviation of steel spider linking part shall meet the following
requirements:
• 74 •
1 Installation deviations for horizontal distance and vertical distance between adja
cent steel spider linking parts is;
2 Allowable height deviation of steel spider linking parts of the same floor shall
meet the requirements stipulated in Table 11. 4. 5.
Table 11.4.4 Installation Deviation of Point-supported Curtain Wall
Allowable deviation
(mm)
Perpendicularity Height not larger than 30m 10.0

Laser theodolite
of vertical joint
Height larger than 30m or theodolite
and wall surface 15. 0
but not larger than 50m
Flatness 2.5
steel rule

Linearity of sealant joint 2.5
steel rule
Width of splicing joint 2 Callipers
Height difference of planes

1.0 Feeler
of adjacent glass
Table 11.4.5 Allowable Height Deviation of Steel Spider Linking Parts of the Same Floor
Horizontal distance L (m) Allowable deviation (X 1000mm)
L~35 LI700
35<L~50 L/600
50<L~100 LI500
• 75 •
12 Maintenance and Repair
12.1.1 In acceptance for completion of curtain wall project, contractor shall provide
employer with "Instruction manual for operation of curtain wall", which shall comprise
the following contents:
1 Design basis for curtain waH, main performance parameters and design service
life of curtain wall structure;
2 Matters need attention in service;
3 Influence of variation of environment condition on curtain wall project;
4 Requirements for daily and regular maintenance;
5 Main structural characteristics of curtain wall and method of replacing for wear
ing part;
6 List for spare materials and parts and names, specification of mam weanng
parts;
the works shall be taken over by the Employer;
7 Responsibility of contractor for maintenance guarantee.
12.1. 2 Before the curtain wall being taken over by the employer, contractor shall train
staff of repair and maintenance of curtain wall for employer.
12. 1. 3 After the works being taken over, the employer shall establish plan and sys
tem of repair and maintenance for curtain wall in time according to relevant requirements
in "Instruction manual for operation of curtain wall".
12.1.4 Under weather condition of raining day or with wind scale larger than 4 open
ing windows should not be used; when wind scale is larger than 6, opening windows
shall be all closed.
12.1.5 Works of inspection, cleaning, maintenance and repair for outer surface of cur
tain wall shall not be carried out under weather condition with wind scale larger than 4
and heavy rain (snow).
12. 1. 6 Working machines and tools (lifting device, window WIper, hanging basket,
etc. ) used for works of inspection, cleaning, maintenance and repair for outer surface of
curtain wall shall be maintained properly, well functioned, convenient in operation, safe
and reliable; inspection of safety apparatus shall be performed each time before use, to
ensure the safety of equipments and staff.
12.1.7 In works of inspection, cleaning, maintenance and repair for outer surface of
curtain wall, ones which belong to works high above the ground, shall meet the require
• 76 •
ments of relevant provisions in current professional standard "Technical Code for Safety
of High Altitude Operation of Building Construction" JGJ 80-1991 0
12. 2 Inspection and Repair
12.2.1 Daily maintenance shall comply with the following provisions:

1 Curtain wall surface shall keep neat and clean, and be refrained from contacting
with sharp objects and corrosive gas or liquid;
2 Drainage system shall keep smooth, pi ugging shall be removed in time once de
tected;
3 If phenomena that door or window can not be opened or closed, or accessones
damage are found during usage, repair or replacing shall be performed in time;
4 When sealants or sealing tapes fall off or damage, they shall be repaired or re
placed in time;
5 When members of curtain wall are corrupted, rust cleaning and paint comple
ment or other rust resisting measures shall be taken in time;
6 When rustiness of the curtain wall component is found, the rust shall be re
moved and the paint shall be coa ted, or other proper anti-rust measures shall be adopt
ed.
12. 2. 2 Periodic inspection and maintenance shall comply with the following prov\
slons:
1 At the time of one year after acceptance for completion of curtain wall project,
full inspection shall be carried out for curtain wall project, and after that inspection shall
be done every 5 years. Items for inspection shall comprise:
1) If the whole curtain wall has deformation, dislocation or loose, if it does, fur
ther inspection shall be performed for concealed structure corresponding to
this region; whether main load-carrying members, connection members and
connection bolts damage, whether connection is reliable, whether there is
rust corrosion, etc. ;
2) Whether glass panels are loose and damaged or not;
3) Whether there are phenomena that sealant deglues, cracks or bubbles, wheth
er sealing tape falls off and ages;
4) Whether opening part is opened and closed flexibly, whether hardware acces
sories have dysfunction or damage, whether installation bolts or screws loose
and fail;
5) Whether drainage system of curtain wall is smooth.
2 Inspection items in item 1 which do not meet the requirement shall be repaired
or replaced;
• 77 •
3 For curtain wall project with tensile rod or cable structure on which pre-tensile
force is exerted. a full inspection and adjustment of pre-tensile force must be carried out
at the time of six months after acceptance for completion of project. and after that in
spection shall be done every three years;
4 After ten years of service of curtain wall project. sampling inspection for adhe
sive property shall be carried out for structural silicone sealant in different regions of the
project; after that inspection should be done every three years.
12.2.3 Inspection and restoration after hazard shall comply with the following provi
slons:
1 After curtain wall is hit by strong wind. full inspection shall be carried out in
time for curtain wall. to repair or replace damaged members. For curtain wall project
with tensile rod or cable structure on which pre-tensile force is exerted. a full inspection
arid adjustment of pre-tensile force shall be carried out;
2 After curtain wall is suffered from hazards like earthquake. fire. etc. full in
spection shall be performed by professional technical staff. and treating scheme shall be
established according to damage degree. and be implemented in time.
12.3 Cleaning
12.3. 1 Proprietor shall determine the cleaning frequency according to the degree of
dust deposition and contamination. but it shall not be less than once a year.
12.3.2 In cleaning of curtain wall. cleaning solution shall be selected according to the
requirements in "Instruction manual for operation of curtain wall".
12.3.3 It is not allowed to collide with or damage curtain wall during cleaning.
• 78 •
Appendix A Design Value of Strength of
Atmospheric Corrosion Resisting Steel
A. O. 1 Design value of strength of atmospheric corrosion resisting steel may be adopt

ed according to Table A. o. l.
Table A. O. 1 Design Value of Strength of Atmospheric Corrosion Resisting Steel (NI mm2 )
Thickness Yield strength Tensile strength Shear strength Bearing strength

Steel grade
t (mm) <1, j, j, j~
t~16 235 216 125 295
16<1~40 225 207 120 295

Q235NH
40<t~60 215 198 115 295
>60 215 198 115 295

-
t~16 295 271 157 344
16<1",40 285 262 152 344

Q295NH
40<t~60 275 253 147 344
60<t~100 255 235 136 344
1~16 355 327 189 402
16<1~40 345 317 184 402

Q355NH
40<1~60 335 308 179 402
60<1~100 325 299 173 402
1~16 460 414 240 451
16<1~40 450 405 235 451

Q460NH
40<1~60 440 396 230 451
60<1"-100 430 387 224 451
Q295GNH 1~6 295 271 157 320

(hot rolled) 1>6 295 271 157 320
Q295GNHL l~6 295 271 157 353

(hot rolled) 1>6 295 271 157 353
Q345GNH 1";;;6 345 317 184 361

(hot rolled) 1>6 345 317 184 361
Q345GNHL 1~6 345 317 184 394

(hot rolled) 1>6 345 317 184 394
Q390GNH 1";;;6 390 359 208 402

(hot rolled) 390 359 208 402
1>6
• 79 •
Table A. 0.1 (continued)
Thickness Yield strength Tensile strength Shear strength Bearing strength

Steel grade
t (mm) G, !, !. !"
Q295GNH
t~2. 5 260 239 139 320
(cold rolled)
Q295GNHL
t~2. 5 260 239 139 320
(cold rolled)
Q345GNHL
t~2. 5 320 294 171 369
(cold rolled)
• 80 •
Appendix B Design Value of Connection
Strength of Steel Structure
B. O. 1 Design value of connection strength of steel structure shall be adopted according

to Table B. 0.1-1, B. 0.1-2, B. 0.1-3.
Table B. O. 1-1 Design Value of Strength of Bolted Connection (N/mm')
Plain bolt High-strength

Anchor
bolt in bearing
bolt
Grade C Grade A. Grade B type connection
Performance grade
of bolt. brand of
anchor bol t and
member steel Bear
Tension Shear Tension Shear Bearing Tension Tension Shear Bearing
ing
.I'i ft .I'i ft .!'t fl fb, ft .!'t
.f'g
Grade 4. 6
Grade 4. 8
170 140 - - - - - - - -
Plain bolt
Grade 5. 6 - - - 210 190 - - - - -
Grade 8. 8 - - - 400 320 - - - - -
Q235 - - - - - - 140 - - -
Anchor bolt
Q345 - - - - - - 180 - - -
Grade 8. 8 - - - - - - - 400 250 -

High-strength
bol tin bea ri ng
type connection Grade 10.9 - - - - - - - 500 310 -
Q235 - - 305 - - 405 - - - 470
Accessory Q345 - - 385 - - 510 - - - 590
Q390 - - 400 - - 530 - - - 615
Note:1 Grade A bolt is used for bolt with a nominal diameter not larger than 24mm. a nominal length of screw rod
not larger than 10d and not larger than 150mm,
2 Grade B bolt is used for bolt with a nominal diameter larger than 24mm. a nominal length of screw rod lar
ger than 10d and larger than 150mm,
3 The precision of hole and roughness of wall surface of hole for Grade A and B bolt, the allowable deviation
of hole and roughness of wall surface of hole. shall all meet the requirements in current national standard
"Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Steel Structures" GB 50205.
• 81 •
Table B. O. 1-2 Design Value of Strength of Riveted Connection (N/mm1 )
Performance grade of rivet, Shear fi Bearing J:

Tension (breaking
brand of anchor bolt and
of rivet head)
member steel Class I hole Class II hole Class I hole Class II hole
Rivet BL2, BLJ 120 185 155 -
Q235 - - 450 365
Member Q345 - - 565 460
Q390 - - 590 480
Note:l Holes which belong to the following conditions are include in class:
1) Holes drilled as per the design hole diameter on assembled elements;
2) Hole drilled by drilling jig as per the design hole diameter on single parts and elements,
3) Holes which are firstly drilled or punch to small diameter in single parts, then reamed to the design diam
eter on assembled elements.
2 Holes which are punched or drilled without drilling jig to design diameter belong to class II.
Table B. O. 1-3 Design Value of Strength of Welded Connection (N/mm1 )
Member material Butt weld Fillet weld
Welding method and Thickness Or Tension or bending

electrode type Compression tension Ji' Shear Tension, compression
Brand diameter d
(mm) it .r: and shear Jr
Grade 1, 2 Grade 3
Automatic, semi-automatic d~16 215 215 185 125 160

welding, manual welding Q235 16<d~40 205 205 175 120 160
with E43 electrode 40<d~60 200 200 170 115 160



,
Note:! In the table grade 1, grade 2, grade 3 represent the grades of weld quality, which shall meet the require
mcnts stipulated in current national standard "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Steel
Structures" GB 50205. Bult welds for steel with a thickness less than 8mm, ultrasonic inspection shall
not be used to determine the grade of weld qualitYI
2 For the welding wire and flux used in automatic welding and semi-automatic welding, it shall be ensured
that the metallic mechanic property is not less than the requirements of relevant provisions in current na
tional standards "Carbon Steel Electrodes and Fluxs for Submerged Arc Welding" GB/T 5293 and "Low
alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxs for Submerged Arc Welding" GB/T 12470,
3 The thickness in the table represents the thickness of slecl in the calculation point, for axial comr·.essive
element it is the thickness of the thicker plate in the section.
B. O. 2 When elements or connection parts In the following conditions are calculated,

the design value of strength stipulated in article B. O. 1 in this code shall be multiplied by
corresponding red uction coefficients; when several of the followi ng condi tions exist at
the same time, the reduction coefficients shall be continuously multiplied.
1 When the strength and connection of single angle strut connected with one leg
82 •
are calculated as per axial compression, the reduction coefficient is taken as O. 85 ;
2 For the welded connection and riveted connection installed in aerial work with
poor construction condition, the reduction coefficient is taken as 0.90;
3 For floating head and semi-floa ting head riveted connection, the reduction coef
ficient is taken as O. 80.
B. O. 3 The design value of strength of stainless steel bolt shall be adopted according to
Table B. O. 3.
Table B. O. 3 Design Value of Strength of Stainless Steel Bolted Connection (N/ mm1 )
Category Group Performance grade <1b Tension Is Shear I,

50 500 230 175
A A1. A2. A3.
70 700 320 245
( Austenite) A4. A5
80 800 370 280
50 500 230 175
C1 70 700 320 245
C 100 10000 460 350

<Martensite) C3 80 800 370 280
50 500 230 175

C4
70 700 320 245
F 45 450 210 160

F1
<Ferrite) 60 600 275 210
• 83 •
Appendix C Design of Pre-embedded Parts
C. O. 1 For bearing pre-embedded part which is composed of anchor slab and symmetri
cally distributed straight anchor bars, the total cross-sectional area of anchor bars shall
meet the following provisions:
1 Under the action of shear force, normal tensile force and bending moment sim
ul taneously, the total cross-sectional area shall be calculated according to formula
(C. O. I-I) and (C. O. 1-2) respectively, and the larger one shall be taken:
A'~~I
. a ray + O. SN
ab 1+13 arab
y
M I y • y Z (e.0.1-I)
A,~ O. SNab 1+0 y •

4 M I
arab y Z
(C.0.1-2)
2 Under the action of shear force, normal compressive force and bending moment
simultaneously, the total cross-sectional area shall be calculated according to formula
(e. 0.1-3) and (C. 0.1-4) respectively, and the larger one shall be taken:
A,~V-O}N + ~;O. 4;z (C. 0.1-3)

. ara y y • arab yZ
A ~M-0.4Nz (C. 0.1-4)

s::O-- O. 4a r b b/yz
a y = (4.0-0. OSd) J7i (C. 0.1-5)
t
ab=O. 6+0. 25 d (e.0.1-6)
Where V--Design value of shear force (N);

N--Design value of normal tensile force or normal compressive force (N),
design value of normal compressive force shall not be larger than
O. 5 leA, herein A is the area of anchor slab (mm 2 ) ;
M--Design value of bending moment (Nmm). When M is less thanO. 4Nz, it

is taken equal to O. 4Nz ;
ar--Influence coefficient of number of steel bar layers, when anchor bars are
arranged at equal spacing interval, it is taken as 1. 0 for two layers, 0.9
for three layers, and O. 85 for four layers;
ay--Coefficient of shear capacity of anchor bar. When a is larger than O. 7, it y
its taken equal to O. 7;

d--Diameter of steel bar (mm);
• 84 •
t--Thickness of slab (mm) ;
ab-- Reduction coefficient of bending deformation of anchor slab. When
measures which is to prevent the bending deformation of anchor slab, it
may be taken eq ual to 1. 0 ;
z--Distance between center lines of outer anchor bars in the direction of ac
tion of shear force (mm);
fc--Design value of axial compressive strength of concrete (N/mm 2 ) ;
2
fy--Design value of tensile strength of steel bar (N/mm ), which shall be
taken according to the provisions in current national standard "Code for
Design of Concrete Structures" GB 50010, but shall not be larger than
300mm 2 •
v
A.
v
~t~IJI=I=
M r J
I. ,
1
Fig. C Pre-embedded part which is composed of anchor
slab and straight anchor bars
C. O. 2 Q235 grade steel should be adopted for anchor slab of pre-embedded part. Hot
rolled steel bar of HPB235, HRB335 or HRB400 grade shall be adopted for anchor bar,
cold finished steel bar must not be used.
C. 0.3 The number of bearing straight anchor bars in pre-embedded part should not be
less than 4, and the number of layers should not be larger than 4; the diameter should
not be less than 8mm, and not larger than 25mm. Sheared pre-embedded part shall use
two straight anchor bars. The anchor bars of pre-embedded part shall he placed at the
inner side of outer main bars of element.
C. O. 4 T shaped weld shall be used in the connection for the straight anchor bar and
sla b. When the diameter of anchor bar is not larger than 20mm, submerged arc-welding
should be adopted; when the diameter of anchor bar is larger than 20mm, perforated
plug welding should be adopted. When manual welding is adopted, the weld height
should not be less than 6mm and (for HPB235 grade steel bar) or (for HRB335 or
HRB400 grade steel bar), is the diameter of anchor bar.
C. O. 5 The anchorage length of tensile straight anchor bar and flexural anchor bar
1 When the tensile strength of anchor bar is fully used in calculation, the anchor
age length shall be calculated according to the following formula:
• 85 •
l.=a~d (C.0.5)
Where l.--Anchorage length of tensile steel bar (mm) ;

f,---Design value of axial compressive strength of concrete. which shall be
taken according to the provisions in current national standard "Code for
Design of Concrete Structures" GB 50010; when the strength grade of
concrete is higher than C40, it is taken as C40;
d--Nominal thickness of anchor bar (mm) ;
a--Appearance factor, for plain steel bar taken as 0.16, for ribbed bar taken
as O. 14.
2 For curtai n wall In seismic design. the anchorage length 0 steel bar shall be
taken as the 1. 1 times of the calculation value of formula (C. O. 5) in this code;
3 When the design value of tensile stress of anchor bar is less than the design val
ue of tensile strength of steel bar. the anchorage length may be properly decreased. but
shall not be less than 15 times of the thickness of diameter of anchor bar.
C. O. 6 The anchorage length of sheared and compressive straight anchor bar shall not
be less than 15 times of the diameter of anchor bar. Except compressive straight anchor
bar, when steel bars of HPB235 grade are adopted, hook of 180 degree shall be made at
the end of steel bar, of which the length of straight part of hook shall not be less than 3
times of the diameter of anchor bar.
C. O. 7 The thickness of anchor slab shall be determined with calculation according to
its load-carrying condition, and should be larger than O. 6 times of the diameter of an
chor bar. The distance between center of anchor bar and the edge of anchor slab shall
not be less than the larger one of 2 times of the diameter of anchor bar and 20mm
(Fig. C).
For tensile and bending pre-embedded part, the spacing, of steel bars and the dis
tance , between anchor bar and the edge of element shall all not be less than the larger
one of 3 times of the diameter of anchor bar and 45mm (Fig. C).
For sheared pre-embedded part, the spacing, of steel bars shall not be larger than
300mm, and shall not be less than the larger one of 6 times of the diameter of anchor bar
and 70mm; the distance between anchor bar and the edge of element shall not be less
than the larger one of 6 times of the diameter of anchor bar and 70mm, the spacing of
steel bars, the distance between anchor bar and the edge of element shall both not be
less than the larger one of 3 times of the diameter of anchor bar and 45mm (Fig. C).
• 86 •
Explanation of Wording in This Code
1 Words used for different degrees of strictness are explained as follows in order
to mark the differences in executing the requirements in this code:
1) Words denoting a very strict or mandatory requirement:
"Must" is used for affirmation; "must not" for negation.
2) Words denoting a strict requirement under normal conditions:
"Shall" is used for affirmation; "shall not" for negation.
3) Words denoting a permission of a slight choice or an indication of the most suit
able choice when conditions permit:
"Should" is used for affirmation; "should not" for negation.
"May" is used to express the option available, sometimes with the conditional per
mit.
2 "Shall comply with···" or "shall meet the requirements of"'" is used in this code
to indicate that it is necessary to comply with the requirements stipulated in other rela
tive standards and codes.
• 87 •

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PROFESSIONAL STANDARD

OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

1=fl1~ A ~ jt 5fl] 00 1-T .illt. *~ fiE

for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering

Chief Development Organization: China Academy of Building Research

Approval Department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China

Implementation Date: January 1, 2004

This version is one of China's enginering construction standards in English series,

Department of Standards and Norms,

Announcement of publishing the professional

Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China

The main revised contents are as follows:

3. 6 Structural Silicone Sealant (1 1 )

3. 7 Other Materials (11)

4 Architectural Design '" (1 2 )

4. 1 General Requirement (12)

4. 2 Requirements of Performance and Inspection· · .. ·· ·· ·· .. ·.. · · .. · .. · (12)

4.3 Design of Constructional Detailing (14)

4. 4 Safety Provisions ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (1 5 )

5 Basic Requirement for Structural Design (18)

5. 1 General Requirement (18)

5. 2 Mechanical Properties of Materials (19)

5. 3 Load and Earthquake Action (21)

5.4 Action Effect Combination (23)

5. 5 Design of Connections (24)

5. 6 Design of Structural Silicone Sealant (25)

6 Structural Design of Framed Supported Glass Curtain Wall (28)

6.2 Transom 0. .•• ...•.• .•.•.. ...•.....•..•..... .•••.. (31)

6.3 Mullion '0' ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 ••••••••••••• (33)

7 Structural Design of Full Glass Curtain Wall (37)

7.1 General Requirement (37)

7. 2 Panel ... (37)

7.3 Glass Rib (38)

7.4 Sealantloint (39)

8. 2 Supporting Device (43)

8. 3 Supporting Structure (43)

9. 1 General Requirement (46)

9.2 Aluminum Profiles (46)

9.3 Steel Element (48)

9.4 Glass (50)

9.5 Components of Exposed Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall (52)

9.6 Components of Hidden Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall (54)

9. 8 Inspection of Elements of Glass Curtain Wall (57)

10. 1 General Requirement (59)

10. 2 Preparations for Installation and Construction (60)

10.3 Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall Assembled in Elements (61)

10.5 Full Glass Curtain Wall (65)

10.6 Point-supported Glass Curtain Wall (66)

10. 7 Safety Provisions (68)

11 Project Acceptance '" , , '" (70)

11. 1 General Requirement (70)

11. 2 Frame Supported Glass Curtain Wall (71)

11. 3 Full Glass Curtain Wall (74)

11. 4 Point-supported Glass Curtain Wall (74)

12 Maintenance and Repair (76)

12.1 General Requirement (76)

12.2 Inspection and Repair (77)

12.3 Cleaning· .... ·· .. ·.... ·· · .. ·· ·· · .. ·· · .. ·· · .. · .. · .. ·· · .. ·· · .. ·· .. (78)

Appendix A Design Value of Strength of Atmospheric Corrosion

Appendix B Design Value of Connection Strength of Steel Structure (81)

Appendix C Design of Pre-embedded Parts (84)

Explanation of Wording in This Code'" ... ... (87)

2. 1. 1 Building curtain wall