REDES WAN

Tema 6. Frame Relay Basic

Configuration
Alberto Arellano A. Ing. Msc.
aarellano@espoch.edu.ec
CCNA – CCNP - CCSP
 Frame Relay
Encapsulation
Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay {cisco | ietf}

 cisco - Default.
 Use this if connecting to another Cisco router.
 Ietf - Select this if connecting to a non-Cisco router.
 RFC 1490
 Frame Relay LMI
LMI is a set of signalling standards between routers and frame relay
switches. Communication takes place between a router and the first frame
relay switch it's connected to. Information about keepalives, global
addressing, IP Multicast and the status of virtual circuits is commonly
exchanged using LMI.

There are three standards for LMI:

 Using DLCI 0:
 ANSI's T1.617 Annex D standard
 ITU-T's Q.933 Annex A standard
 Using DLCI 1023:
 The "Gang of Four" standard, developed
by Cisco, DEC, StrataCom and Nortel

Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type {ansi | cisco | q933a}

 Minimum Frame Relay
Configuration

R1(config)# interface serial 2/0

R1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R1(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type ansi

R2(config)# interface serial 2/0

R2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type ansi
 Minimum Frame Relay
Configuration

 Cisco Router is now ready to act as a Frame-Relay DTE device.

The following process occurs:

1. The interface is enabled.
2. The Frame-Relay switch announces the configured DLCI(s) to the
router.
3. Inverse ARP is performed to map remote network layer addresses to
the local DLCI(s).

The routers can now ping each other!

 Inverse ARP

R1# show frame-relay map

Serial0 (up): ip 172.16.1.1 dlci 101, dynamic, broadcast,
status defined, active

• dynamic refers to the router learning the IP address via Inverse

ARP
• The DLCI 101 is configured on the Frame Relay Switch by the
provider.
 Inverse ARP Limitations

 Inverse ARP only resolves network addresses of remote Frame-

Relay connections that are directly connected.
 Inverse ARP does not work with Hub-and-Spoke connections.
 When using dynamic address mapping, Inverse ARP requests a next-
hop protocol address for each active PVC.
 Once the requesting router receives an Inverse ARP response, it
updates its DLCI-to-Layer 3 address mapping table.
 Dynamic address mapping is enabled by default for all
protocols enabled on a physical interface.
 If the Frame Relay environment supports LMI autosensing and
Inverse ARP, dynamic address mapping takes place automatically.
 Therefore, no static address mapping is required.
 Configuring Frame Relay
maps
Router(config-if)#frame-relay map protocol protocol-address
dlci [broadcast] [ietf | cisco]

 If the environment does not support LMI autosensing and Inverse ARP,
a Frame Relay map must be manually configured.
 Use the frame-relay map command to configure static address
mapping.
 Once a static map for a given DLCI is configured, Inverse ARP is
disabled on that DLCI.
 The broadcast keyword is commonly used with the frame-relay
map command.
 The broadcast keyword provides two functions.
 Forwards broadcasts when multicasting is not enabled.
 Simplifies the configuration of OSPF for nonbroadcast networks
that use Frame Relay.
By default,
cisco is the
default
encapsulation

Remote IP Local DLCI

Uses cisco
encapsulation for Address
this DLCI (not
needed, default)
 Verifying Frame Relay
interface configuration

 The show interfaces serial command displays

information regarding the encapsulation and the status of Layer 1
and Layer 2.
 It also displays information about the multicast DLCI, the DLCIs
used on the Frame Relay-configured serial interface, and the
DLCI used for the LMI signaling.
 show frame-relay pvc

 The command show frame-relay pvc shows the status of all

PVCs configured on the router.
 This command is also useful for viewing the number of Backward
Explicit Congestion Notification (BECN) and Forward Explicit
Congestion Notification (FECN) packets received by the router.
 If a single PVC is specified, only the status of that PVC is shown.
show frame-relay map
show frame-relay lmi
Frame Relay
Example
 Frame Relay
Example

Note: LMI Type Ansi configured by default

Configure Frame Relay
Routers
Configure Frame Relay
Routers
Verify PVC – R1
Verify PVC – R1
Verify Connectivity
from R1
Configure OSPF Protocol
Configure OSPF Protocol
Configure OSPF Protocol
Verify Routing Table
Configure Switching
Frame Relay
Configure Switching
Frame Relay
Configure Switching
Frame Relay
 Configure PVCs on
Frame Relay Switch
Configure Routers - DTE
Verify Status PVCs
Verify Status PVCs