Specific Latent Heat

Specific latent heat is the amount of energy required to change the state of a unit mass of the materials. As there
are two changes of state, each material has two specific latent heats:

Specific latent heat of fusion

Specific latent heat of fusion, lf, of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required to change a unit mass
of the substance from solid to liquid state, without any change in the temperature.

SI unit of specific latent heat of fusion, lf, is joule per kilogram (Jkg-1)

EH=mlf,
where
EH = amount of thermal energy absorbed or released
m = mass of substance
lf = specific latent heat of fusion.

Specific latent heat of vaporization

Specific latent heat of vaporization, lv, of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required to change unit
mass of the substance from liquid state to gas state without a temperature change.

SI unit of specific latent heat of vaporization, lv, of a substance is joule per kilogram (Jkg-1)

EH=mlV,
where
EH = amount of thermal energy absorbed or released
m = mass of substance
lV = specific latent heat of vaporization.
 1. Calculate the amount of heat added to 1 gram gold to change phase from solid to liquid. The heat
of fusion for gold is 64.5 x 103 J/kg.

2. The heat of vaporization of water is 2257 Joules/gram. What energy in Joules is required to
convert 50 grams of water into steam?

3. Calculate the amount of heat released by 1 gram mercury to change phase from liquid to solid.
Heat of fusion for mercury is 11.8 x 103 J/kg.

4. Determine the amount of heat absorbed by 1 kg water to change phase from liquid to vapor
(steam). Heat of vaporization for water = 2256 x 103 J/kg

5. Determine the amount of heat released by nitrogen to change phase from vapor to liquid. Heat of
vaporization for nitrogen = 200 x 103 J/kg

6. How much heat energy is required to change 10kg of ice to water at 0oc? Take specific latent
heat of fusion = 336000JKg-1K-1.

7. If 1.13 x 106J of heat energy is required to convert 15kg of steam to water , calculate the specific
latent heat of vaporization

8. What quantity of heat is needed to melt 120g of ice at -20oc to water at 30oc? Specific heat
capacity of water and ice are 4200JKg-1K-1 and 2100JKg-1K-1 respectively.  And also to specific
latent heat 0f ice as 3.36 x 105JK-1

To solve this, it is going to take three stages before the final answer.

(a). the quantity of heat needed to change the ice of 120g from -20 oc to 0oc
Q = cim (Ѳ2- Ѳ1)
Ci =2100JKg-1K-1,  m = 120g = 0.12kg, and (Ѳ2- Ѳ1) = 0-(-20) = 20oc
Q = 2100 x 0.12 x 20 = 5040J

(b). the quantity of heat need to melt ice of 0 oc to water of 0oc

Q = mL
m = 0.12kg, and L = 3.36 x 105JK
Q = 0.12 x 3.36 x 105 = 40320J
(c). the quantity of heat needed to change the water from 0oc to 30oc

Q = mc(Ѳ2- Ѳ1)
m =0.12kg, c = 4200JKg-1K-1 (specific heat capacity of water), and (Ѳ2- Ѳ1)= 30 -0 = 30oc
Q = 0.12 x 4200 x 30 =15120J

So quantity of heat is needed to melt 120g of ice at -20 oc to water at 30oc, is sum total of a, b, and c
Q=  5040 + 40320 + 15120  = 60480J