Wake Analysis of Ship Models; Single-Screw Merchant-Type Sterns

V393
.R46
WAKE ANALYSIS OF SHIP MODELS;
SINGLE-SCREW MERCHANT-TYPE
by
Henry M. Cheng
and
Jacques B. Hadler
DISTRIBUTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IS UNLIMITED
November 1965 Report 2076

S-R011 01 01
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT ........................................................ 1
ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION ...................................... 11
INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 1
TEST PROCEDURE AND DATA REDUCTION ............................... 3
PRESENTATION OF DATA .................... ...................... 3
TEST DATA .... .............. ................................ 4
COMPUTED DATA ................................................. 4
Conventional Sterns ....................................... 4
Open Sterns with Skegs and Struts ......................... 7
Special Sterns ............................................ 8
COMPARISON OF VARIOUS TYPES OF STERN DESIGNS ................. 8
Conventional Stern versus Open-Type Stern ................. 9
Remarks on Special Stern Designs .......................... 10
Fair-Form Stern versus Contraguide Stern .................. 10
The U- and V-Shape Sterns ................................. 11
CONCLUSIONS ...................................................... 13
RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................ 14
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................. 14
APPENDIX - MODEL TEST DATA ...................................... 79
REFERENCES ............................. o ......... ....... 112
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 1 - Lines of Representative Models, Clearwater Stern .... 15

Figure 2 - Lines of Representative Models, Stern with Rudder
Shoe ................................................. 16
Figure 3 - Lines of Representative Models, Open-Type Sterns and
Special Sterns ....................................... 17
Figure 4 - Definition of Section Shape Coefficient .............. 18
Figure 5 - Circumferential Distributions of Longitudinal (V /V)
and Tangential (Vt/V) Velocity Components at
Test Radii, CB < 0.6 ................................. 19
ii
_ __i._
Page
Figure 6 - Circumferential Distributions of Longitudinal (Vx/V)

Test Radii, Conventional Stern, 0.6 < CB < 0.7 ..... 21

Test Radii, Conventional Stern, CB > 0.7 ........... 24
Figure 8 - Comparison of Circumferential Longitudinal (Vx/V)

Velocity Distributions of Victory Ship, DTMB
versus NSMB ........................................ 28
Figure 9 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V) and Volumetric

Mean Velocity, Conventional Stern, CB < 0.7 ........ 29
Figure 10 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V) and Volumetric

Mean Velocity, Conventional Stern, CB > 0.7 ........ 30
Figure 1L1 - Average Mean Longitudinal Velocity, Single-Screw

Merchant Types, Conventional Stern ................. 31
Figure 12 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal

(Vx/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate U-
Shaped, 0.5 < CB < 0.6 ............................. 32

(Vx/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate U-
Shaped, 0.6 < C B < 0.7 ............................. 33

(Vx/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate V-
Shaped, 0.6 < CB < 0.7 ............................. 34
Figure 15 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Tangential
(Vt/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate U-
Shaped, 0.5 < CB < 0.6 ............................. 35

(Vt/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate U-
Shaped, 0.6 < CB < 0.7 .............................
( t/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate V-

Shaped, 0.6 < CB < 0.7 .............................
iii
.. . . . . I .... I 7 - -
Page
(Vx/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, U- and Moderate

U-Shaped, 0.7 < CB < 0.8 ..........................
(Vx/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, U- and Moderate
V-Shaped, 0.7 < CB < 0.8 ..........................
(Vx/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, V-Shaped
0.7 < CB < 0.8 ....................................
(Vt/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, U- and Moderate
U-Shaped, 0.7 < CB < 0.8 ..........................
(Vt/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate V-
Shaped, 0.7 < CB < 0.8 ............................
(Vt/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, V-Shaped, 0.7 <
CB < 0.8 ..........................................
Figure Velocity Diagram ..................................
Figure Mean Advance Angle (8), Variations in Beta Angles
(AS) and Pressure Factor (P), Single-Screw Merchant
Types, Conventional Stern, CB < 0.7 ...............
Figure 26 - Mean Advance Angle (8), Variations in Beta Angles
(AB), and Pressure Factor (P), Single-Screw Merchant
Types, Conventional Stern, CB > 0.7 ...............
Figure 27 - Circumferential Distributions of Longitudinal
(Vx/V) and Tangential (Vt/V) Velocity Components
at Test Radii, Open-Type Sterns ...................
Figure 28 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V), Mean Advance
Angle (8), Variations in Beta Angle (As) and
Pressure Factor (P), Open-Type Stern ..............
Figure 29 - Amplitude of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal
(Vx/V) Velocity, Open-Type Stern ..................
Figure 30 - Amplitude of Various Harmonics of Tangential
(Vt/V) Velocity, Open-Type Stern ..................
_ _
Page
Figure 31 - Circumferential Distributions of Longitudinal

(Vx/V) and Tangential (Vt/V) Velocity Components at
Test Radii, Special Sterns ....................... 51
Figure 32 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V), Mean Advance

Angle (8), Variations in Beta Angle (AS) and
Pressure Factor (P), Special Stern ............... 52
Figure 33 - Amplitude of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal
(Vx/V) Velocity, Single-Screw Merchant Types,
Special Stern .................................... 53
Figure 34 - Amplitude of Various Harmonics of Tangential
(Vt/V) Velocity, Special Stern ................... 54
Figure 35 - Circumferential Distributions of Velocity, Con-
ventional Stern versus Modified Transom Stern ..... 55
Figure 36 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V), Volumetric
Mean Velocity, Mean Advance Angle (8), Variations
in Beta Angle (AS) and Pressure Factor (P), Con-
ventional Stern versus Modified Transom Stern ..... 56
(Vx/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern versus Modified
Transom Stern .................................... 57
(Vt/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern versus Modified
Transom Stern .................................... 58
Figure 39 - Comparisons of Velocity Distributions of Model
4723, Conventional Stern versus Modified Stern .... 59
Figure 40 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V), Volumetric
Mean Velocity, Mean Advance Angle (8), Variations
in Beta Angles (AS), and Pressure Factor (P), Model
4723, Conventional Stern versus Modified Stern .... 60
Velocity (Vx/V), Model 4723, Conventional Stern
versus Modified Stern ............................ 61
Velocity (Vt/V), Model 4723, Conventional Stern
versus Modified Stern ............................ 62
WE WIN_
Page I
Figure 43 - Circumferential Velocity Distribution, Fair-Form
Stern versus Contraguide Stern .....................
Figure 44 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V), Volumetric Mean
4
Velocity, Mean Advance Angle (8), Variations in Beta
Angles (AS), and Pressure Factor (P), Fair-Form Stern
versus Contraguide Stern ...........................
Velocity (Vx/V), Fair-Form Stern versus Contraguide
Stern ..............................................
Velocity (Vt/V), Fair-Form Stern versus Contraguide
Stern ..............................................
Figure 47 - Comparative Aftbody Plans, Models 4423, 4423-1, and
4423-2 ................. ....... ......... ..........
Figure 48 - Circumferential Distributions of Velocities, Models
4423 (U-Shaped), 4423-1 (Moderate U-Shaped), and
4423-2 (Moderate V-Shaped) .........................
Figure 49 - Comparative Vx/V, Volumetric Mean Velocity, 8, AS,
and P, U- versus V-Shaped Sterns, C = 0.741 .......
B
Figure 50 - Comparative Vx/V, U- versus V-Shaped Sterns,
CB = 0.741 .........................................
Figure 51 - Comparative Vt/V, U- versus V-Shaped Sterns,
C = 0.741 ............................... ........
B
Figure 52 - Comparative Circumferential Distributions of
Velocities, Models 4393 (Moderate V-Shaped) and
4393-1 (Moderate U-Shaped), CB = 0.645 .............
Figure 53 - Comparative Vx/V, B, AS, and P, U- versus V-Shaped
Sterns, CB = 0.645 .................................
C = 0.645 .........................................
Figure 55 - Comparative Vt/V, U- versus V-Shaped Sterns,
CB = 0.645 ............................................
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 1 - Model Data (Clearwater Stern) ......................... 76

Table 2 - Model Data (Stern with Rudder Shoe) .................... 77
Table 3 - Model Data (Open Sterns with Skegs and Struts, and
Special Sterns) ....................................... 78
vii
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NOTATION
D Propeller diameter
J Apparent advance coefficient V/nD
n Propeller revolutions
P Pressure factor (Vb 2) /V - 1
R Radius of propeller
r Radial coordinate
U Blade element velocity
V Model or ship velocity

V Resultant wake velocity vector
Vb Resultant velocity
Vb Mean resultant velocity

V Radial component of velocity vector
Vr Mean radial component of velocity vector

Vt Tangential component of velocity vector
Vt Mean tangential component of velocity vector

tth
(Vt)n n harmonic amplitude of tangential velocity
Vtr Transverse component of velocity vector
iv Volumetric velocity
Vx Longitudinal component of velocity vector (normal to the plane

of propeller)
Vx Mean longitudinal component of velocity vector

(V)n n t h harmonic amplitude of longitudinal velocity
X, Y, Z Cartesian coordinates
ash Projected angle of velocity vector on X-Y plane
av Projected angle of velocity vector on X-Z plane
viii
B Advance angle in degrees
B Mean advance angle
S. AB Variation of advance angle from its mean
0 Position angle (angular coordinate) in degrees
T Section shape coefficient
Hull coefficients are in accordance with SNAME-recommended standard.
ix
ABSTRACT
This report, the third of a series on studies of the

wake in the propeller plane of ship models, presents the
results.of the analysis of the wake of single-screw merchant
ship models and several naval auxiliaries. The data
presented are the interpolated longitudinal and tangential
velocity distributions, their computed mean values, the
harmonic contents of these velocity components, the maximum
variations in the resultant inflow velocity, and the
advance angles and their variations. Also included are the
calculated volumetric wake velocities. An IBM 7090 computer
was used for data processing.
ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION
The work reported herein was sponsored by the Bureau of Ships

under the CORE Program (S-RO11 01 01) of the David Taylor Model Basin.
INTRODUCTION
This is the third of a series of reports on studies of wake in

way of propeller plane of ship models. The first two reports 1 '2 presented
the results of the analysis of the wake of single- and twin-screw naval
ship models. This report presents the results of the wake analysis of
single-screw merchant ship models and of several naval auxiliaries that
have hull characteristics similar to those of merchant ships. A total of
40 models were analyzed. Among them are six naval auxiliary ships for
various services such as AE, AFS, AS, and AGS; the remaining 34 models
are commonly known as cargo and tanker type ships.
Since this is a collection of a rather large number of models
representing a variety of designs and services, the hull characteristics
and the stern configurations of these models vary considerably. To present
comprehensively the data analyzed and to make meaningful comparisons, these
40 models are divided by their general stern configuration into the
following groups:
1
References are listed on page 112.
1. Conventional sterns.
a. Clearwater sterns.
b. Sterns with rudder shoe.
2. Open sterns with skegs and struts.
3. Special sterns.
The first group is further divided into subgroups according to
the fineness of the stern (or roughly, the fineness of the ship). The aft
vertical prismatic coefficient CPVA or the block coefficient CB may be used
to characterize this feature. Coefficient CB is readily available (and
can be used as a parameter to form these subgroups:
Subgroup 1 CB = 0.5-0.6
Subgroup 2 C B = 0.6-0.7
Subgroup 3 CB = 0.7-0.8
Although these dividing lines are rather arbitrary, conventional cargo

ships usually fall into the first two subgroups, and tankers into the last
subgroup.
Most of the models studied here are in the first group, a total of
36 models. Twenty-five of these models have clearwater sterns and 11 have
sterns with rudder shoe. Among the models with clearwater sterns are 12
cargo ships, 10 tankers, and 3 naval auxiliaries. Table 1 provides the
model data and the major hull coefficients, and Figure 1 shows the hull
lines of several models. Among the models that have sterns with rudder
shoe are four cargo ships, six tankers, and one naval auxiliary ship
(Model 4914) that has an extremely fine hull. Three models (4080-3, 3801,
and 3717) have the contraguide feature. The model data and major hull co-
efficients for this group are listed in Table 2. Hull lines of three
representative models are shown in Figure 2.
The two models in the second group, having centerline skegs with
2-arm struts for shaft support, are naval auxiliaries. This type of stern
is common among the single-screw naval combatant ships but is not usually
found among merchant ships. The two models in the third group have special
sterns; one (Model 4883) has a Hogner-type stern, the other (Model 4882)
has a centerline skeg and a 2-arm strut at the aft end of the stern. Table
2
) 3 gives the model data and the major hull coefficients for these two
groups of models. The hull lines of Models 5004, 4912, 4882, and 4883 are
shown in Figure 3.
The data reported are the longitudinal and tangential wake
velocity distributions in the plane of a propeller, their computed circum-
ferential mean values and harmonic contents at various radii, the maximum
variations in the resultant inflow velocity, and the advance angles and
their variations. The calculated volumetric mean wake velocities are also
presented. Reference 1 discusses the test procedures, the method of data
reduction, and the applications of wake data in propeller-ship design.
TEST PROCEDURE AND DATA REDUCTION
The wake surveys were conducted in the deepwater towing tanks at

the David Taylor Model Basin. The time period spans approximately 15
years; however, most of the wake surveys were done in the last 5 years.
The Pitot tubes used were either the 5- or 13-hole design. The
13-hole Pitot tube was used for measurements on the models prior to 1955;
the 5-hole tube was used for the remainder of the models.
Reference 1 describes in detail the method of mounting and alining
the Pitot tube equipment on the model to obtain the desired field points.
The test data are used as input to the computer program for
analyses. The procedure for data reduction is similar to the procedure
described in Reference 1.
PRESENTATION OF DATA
Two types of information are presented: the test data and the com-
puted results. The test data are obtained from the model experiments at
the discrete test points. The computed data are the quantities calculated
on the basis of the test data. A standard length on waterline (LWL) of
500 ft and a standard propeller diameter of 20 ft were chosen for models
with CB less than 0.7 and a 600-ft LWL and a 22-ft propeller diameter for
models with CB greater than 0.7.
1 -- -,, 1 , - , ,I_ i, -. . 11 M r - ot" o imam u a

TEST DATA
The model test data are tabulated in the Appendix. The transverse
velocity vectors in the plane of the propeller at the various test points
are shown, and the body plane in the proximity of the propeller plane and
the propeller shaft struts are also given. Some of the data had been
previously published in References 3-14.
COMPUTED DATA
The computed data are presented for the various groups of models
as follows:
Conventional Sterns
The data for models with conventional sterns are presented for
each of the subgroups. The second and the third subgroups are further
divided into smaller groupings according to the stern shape of these models,
i.e., whether they be U or V, which is arbitrarily determined by the sec-
tion shape coefficient T (see Figure 4 for definition of T): 4
Stern Shape -
U-shape less than 0.1
Moderate U-shape 0.1 -- 0.3
Moderate V-shape 0.3 -- 0.4
V-shape above 0.4
The first subgroup of models with a low block coefficient (CB < 0.6) have
T values falling in the range of the moderate U-shape, except Model 4831
(T = 0.363).
Figures 5-7 show the interpolated circumferential distribution of
the longitudinal and tangential velocity components at the test radii for 4
the various ships grouped according to the subgroupings. The nondimen- *
sionalized radii are those of the model propeller designed for the ship.
The test data points that the faired curves do not pass through are ques-
tionable. 4
I
These figures show that the velocity patterns in the circum-
ferential direction at the various tested radii have a characteristic
shape. The longitudinal component shows a nearly uniform portion and
rather large defects (dip) near the center plane (0- and 180-deg positions).
Note that, in general, the range of the nearly uniform portion decreases
and the velocity defects increase as the block coefficient increases. The
maximum range of the nearly uniform portion is approximately 100 deg (be-
tween 60 and 160 deg) for models with low CB. The maximum magnitude of the
velocity dip is about 60-70 percent of the model speed. The rate of change
for the angular position is moderate near the top of the disk (0 to 60
deg) but is very large near the bottom (160 to 180 deg). Note also that
the retardation of flow near the propeller hub (inner radii) is more pro-
nounced for models with a higher block coefficient.
The tangential components for models with a low block coefficient
(CB < 0.7) are, for the most part in the same direction, i.e., having the
same sign, except in certain small regions at the bottom of the disk near
the hull. This characterizes the upward-inward flow pattern due to dis-
placement of the hull. The magnitude of the tangential component varies
continuously along the circumference from zero at the 0- and 180-deg
positions with the assumption of symmetry to a maximum of about 15-20 per-
cent of the model velocity that occurs between 40 and 50 deg.
The tangential components for models with CB > 0.7, where the
stern contraction is more abrupt, show a downward flow nearing the hub
whereas the flow at the outer radii is upward like the others. This
exhibits a "vortex" flow, which is more pronounced for the U-shape than for
the V-shape, in the plane of the propeller. The maximum magnitude of the
tangential component is about 20-25 percent of the model velocity and
occurs between the 60- and 90-deg positions.
For Models 4080-3, 3801, and 3717 the stern has the contraguide
feature which supposedly creates a flow with favorable tangential com-
ponents to the propeller; consequently, the flow symmetry is upset. For
these models, the wake was surveyed over the entire propeller disk. The
effectiveness of this special feature is discussed later.
-- - - --- , , - , - I. ' - - 1 111DAO - , -- - , , - - - W

Model 3801 represents the design of one type of cargo ship, the
Victory ship. The Netherlands Ship Model Basin (NSMB) studied the scale
effect on wake and published the Victory ship test data. A comparison be-
tween the NSMB (only the longitudinal velocity was measured) data for a
comparably scaled model and the data for Model 3801 is shown in Figure 8.
To a large degree, the agreement is good for the outer radius, but some
discrepancy exists at the inner radius.
The circumferential distribution curves of the longitudinal and
tangential velocity components are analyzed for their harmonic contents
from which the circumferential mean values are obtained. Because of the 4
assumed symmetry about the center vertical plane of this group of models,
the circumferential mean of the tangential velocity is zero. The circum-
ferential mean of the longitudinal velocities at various radii are plotted
in Figures 9 and 10. The calculated volumetric mean velocity is also shown
in these figures; its definition is given in Reference 1. Although the
data shown for each subgroup scatter over a wide band, nevertheless, a
general shape exists in the radial distribution of the mean longitudinal
velocity, and the spread follows a pattern according to the fineness of the 4
stern. Roughly, the smaller the block coefficient, the larger is the mean
velocity and vice versa. Figure 11 shows the average mean longitudinal
velocity (CB as a parameter) based on the average values of each subgroup.
The calculated amplitudes of the ist (shaft frequency) through (
the 9th harmonics are shown in Figures 12 to 23. Amplitude in the 2nd
through the 9th harmonics, where sign is opposite to that of the ist har-
monic, indicates that its phase relationship with that of the 1st harmonic
with respect to a reference time (or angular position) is 180 deg apart.
Again the data scatter over a wide range, especially for the ist harmonic.
It may appear that the agreement is somewhat better for the higher har-
monics because the bands are narrower, but the relative variations in
amplitudes of the various models are still fairly large, percentagewise.
This indicates that the calculated amplitudes are sensitive to the shape
of the distribution curves analyzed. Large hollows and humps may not
affect the mean value very much, but they certainly will affect the harmonic
contents of the curve. However, in general, the amplitude decreases as the
order of the harmonics increases, but the even orders have higher amplitudes
than the two neighboring odd orders.
C
For the purpose of furnishing useful information in analyzing
the performance and the cavitation characteristics of a propeller due to
nonuniform wakes, the wake data are further analyzed in terms of maximum
variations, or fluctuations in the resultant inflow velocities to the
propeller blade and in the advance angles.
As shown in Figure 24, the velocity at the blade element depends
on the propeller rotational speed. To establish proper geometric relation-
ships, it is necessary to assume certain operating conditions, namely, the
advance coefficient J . Arbitrary selections of Ja values are made, 0.95
for models with CB < 0.7, and 0.85 for CB > 0.7. The computed quantities
show a relatively small change over a wide range of Ja values. 1
Figures 25 and 26 show, for each subgroup, the calculated mean
values of the advance angle 8 at various radii and their maximum variations
+ AS, and the pressure factor P. Again, bands are drawn due to scatter of
the data to show the possible range of variations.
Open Sterns with Skegs and Struts
The circumferential distributions of longitudinal and tangential

velocity components for Models 4912 and 5004 are shown in Figure 27. The
longitudinal components show a nearly uniform portion covering most parts
of the propeller disk except in a small region at the top of the disk,
which exhibits velocity defect of the order of 30-40 percent. The tan-
gential component shows an almost sinusoidal curve of a shaft frequency
except in the region at the top of the disk. The maximum magnitude is of
the order of 20 percent. These patterns are typical for models with the
open-type stern. These results may be compared with the results of
single-screw DE-type models, which have the same type of stern but much
finer hulls. For Model 5004, in the small sector of approximately 60 deg
at the top of the disk, the wake velocity fluctuates. The measurements
for this model were made at closer intervals in this region. For Model
4912, where the intervals of measurement were coarse, this fluctuation was
not detected.
Figure 28 shows the radial distributions of mean longitudinal
velocity and of calculated volumetric mean velocity. Also shown on this
figure are the mean advance angles 8, its maximum variations + AS, and the
7
pressure factor P. The amplitudes of the various orders of harmonics of
the circumferential distribution curves are shown in Figures 29 and 30.
Special Sterns
The circumferential distributions of the longitudinal and tan-

gential velocity components for the two models in this group (Models 4882
and 4883) are shown in Figure 31. Note that the forebodies of these two
models are the same, but their sterns are different designs. Model 4882,
has a thin skeg and a 2-arm strut at the aft end, which in essence resembles
the open-type stern. Model 4883 has a Hogner-type stern. This difference
in stern design creates markedly different wake patterns. The circumfer-
ential distributions of both the longitudinal and tangential velocities
for Model 4882 are considerably more uniform than those of Model 4883,
which could well be expected, but the magnitudes of the differences, which
are rather large, are surprising especially the tangential component.
Consequently, the radial distributions of the mean longitudinal
and the volumetric velocities, shown in Figure 32, and of the amplitudes
of the various harmonics of the longitudinal and tangential velocity com-
ponents, shown in Figures 33 and 34, for these two models are very much
different. The calculated maximum variations in the advance angles and in
the inflow velocity are shown in Figure 32.
COMPARISON OF VARIOUS TYPES OF STERN DESIGNS
The results of the study of DE-type ships show that the variations
in forebodies have a negligible effect on the wake behind a ship; con-
sequently, the stern wake distribution is affected chiefly by the shape of
the stern.
In this report, wake data of several distinctive types of stern
designs have been presented. From comparative studies of the data, some
light can be shed on the characteristics of wake pattern and the relative
merit of the various types of sterns.
Before we can proceed with the comparison, we must set up criteria
on which to base our comparison. To improve propulsive performance, a
lower longitudinal velocity and a favorable tangential velocity are
desirable; to minimize cavitation and vibration problems, a more
8
circumferentially uniform (or less fluctuating) flow, which results in
lower harmonic amplitudes, is essential. With this in mind, the following
comparisons are made.
Conventional Stern versus Open-Type Stern
Most of the models analyzed here have "conventional" type sterns.

The wake data presented for these models show a rather clear common pattern
with some consistency. Also presented are data for the open-type stern,
which has been used extensively for naval ships and is not common among
merchant ships. Because of the large differences in conventional and
open stern designs, the wake patterns are distinctively different. This
is evident in the circumferential distribution of the longitudinal and
tangential velocity components, e.g., Figure 5 versus Figure 27. Conse-
quently, this is also evident in the radial distributions of the mean
velocity and of the amplitudes of various harmonics.
From a comparison of the results of these two types of stern
designs from the standpoint of minimizing cavitation and vibration prob-
lems in terms of uniformity in flow, lower amplitudes in harmonics, and
smaller ranges in variations of advance angles, the superiority of the
open-type stern is evident. This is further demonstrated by a direct
comparison of two models, 4210-5 and 4995, which basically have hull lines
similar to the original 0.6 block coefficient Series 60 Model 4210, except
that the stern has been modified from the original with a rudder shoe.
Model 4210-5 has a clearwater stern and Model 4995 has an open-type stern,
which resulted in a slight reduction in block coefficient. The comparative
results are shown in Figures 35-38; Model 4995 is also compared with
models of the low block coefficient (0.5 < CB < 0.6) subgroup of the con-
ventional stern group.
From the standpoint of the propulsive performance, however, the
open-type stern may not show as high a propulsive coefficient as the con-
ventional stern because the longitudinal velocity of the open-type stern
is higher.
n II _ I n [ijj[-4. I. -
Remarks on Special Stern Designs
One set of wake data for models with special stern designs has
been presented, Models 4882 and 4883. It has been noted that these two
variations in stern design created two markedly different wake patterns.
Model 4882 gives a more uniform longitudinal velocity, which is comparable
to that of an open-type stern, and it also gives a favorable tangential
velocity distribution. For minimizing cavitation problems, this design
should prove to be a better one; in terms of overall performance, however,
it will be penalized, same as the transom type, for its higher longitudinal
velocity.15 Insofar as the vibration problem is concerned, these two
designs appear to be comparable.
In many cases, in seeking an appropriate design for certain types
of ships, two or more sterns are designed. Model 4723 is a typical ex-
ample; it has two stern designs; one, a conventional clearwater type, the
other, modified as in Figure 1. The comparative data are presented in
Figures 39, 40, 41, and 42. Note that the circumferential distributions
of longitudinal velocity are quite different, the velocity defect is more
uniform for the modified stern than that for the conventional design. Also
note that the circumferential distributions of tangential velocities of
these two sterns are very much the same in both magnitude and distribution.
The mean longitudinal velocities for these two stern designs are comparable
and the wake for the modified stern shows stronger odd harmonics in both
the longitudinal and tangential components while the conventional design
has stronger even harmonics. Figure 40 shows that the modified stern gives
less variation in advance angle, which would result in better cavitation
characteristics. Otherwise, these two designs are comparable.
Fair-Form Stern versus Contraguide Stern
Three models, 4080-3, 3801, and 3717, have the contraguide feature
which supposedly provides favorable inflow velocity to the propeller to
improve efficiency. But it was observed that the magnitude and distri-
bution of wake of these models are similar to those of the other models
with fair-form sterns of comparable CB . A direct comparison is shown in
Figures 43 through 46 where Model 4080-2 is the same as Model 4080-3
10
except it has a fair-form stern. Figure 43 shows that the differences in
velocity components between these two stern designs at the outer radii are
not significant. The fair form gives a larger longitudinal velocity defect
at the center vertical plane. This accounts for the larger-AS values in
Figure 44. For all practical purposes, the wake patterns generated by a
contraguide stern is very much similar to that by a fair-form stern, and
the tangential velocity component is of the same order of magnitude. From
this observation, it is therefore questionable whether the contraguide
feature as designed does provide a wake as anticipated. Even if it does
offer some gain in propulsion, the risk of cavitation and vibration prob-
lems of increasing magnitude should not be overlooked.
The U- and V-Shape Sterns
The data for the conventional stern have been presented in three
smaller groupings, according to the stern shapes, U or V. The variation
in shape has considerable effect on the wake, but the comparison was not
conclusive because many other dissimilarities existed among the models
that have not been taken into account. To be able to evaluate this effect,
models with systematically varied stern designs must be studied. Fortu-
nately, wake data for two sets of such models are available. Their shape
characteristics in terms of CB and T are as follows:
Set Model CB T Stern

1 4423 0.741 0.068 U
4423-1 0.741 0.208 Moderate U
4423-2 0.741 0.385 Moderate V
2 4393-1 0.645 0.218 Moderate U

4393 0.645 0.365 Moderate V
Both of these sets of models represent tankers. The hull lines and stern
configurations are quite different, however. Figure 47 shows the comparative
body plans of the models in Set 1.16 The data for these two sets of models
are analyzed and presented separately in Figures 48 through 55.
11
-E I l 11 I I 1--111 --
These figures show that the stern shape does have considerable
effect on the wake pattern, but it seems that the way in which the flow
is affected varies, depending upon the fineness of the ship.
Figure 48 shows the circumferential distribution of velocity com-
ponents of the higher CB models and indicates that the model with a more
U-shaped stern tends to generate a more uniform longitudinal velocity and
a large downward velocity in the plane of the propeller near the propeller
hub. The more V-shaped stern tends to give a larger fluctuation in the
longitudinal velocity and a steeper gradient in the radial direction, as
also is shown in Figure 49 for the mean values, whereas the tangential
velocity is relatively smaller in magnitude, as is the downward flow
nearing the hub. Figures 50 and 51 show the comparative amplitudes of
various orders of harmonics of the longitudinal and tangential velocities,
respectively. They show characteristic shapes that are, to a large degree,
consistent with those shown for the group of models representing tankers
with comparable CB . From this comparison, it appears that the moderate
U-shaped stern (Model 4423-1) would provide best cavitation and vibration
characteristics.
The results of the models with a lower block coefficient, Models
4393 and 4393-1, shown in Figures 52 through 55, give the relative effects
of two sterns, moderate U versus moderate V. They exhibit different
relationships from those shown for the higher CB models in the previous
group of figures; the effect is not as pronounced as those for the higher
CB models. The characteristic shapes of these curves show some consistency
with those shown for the group of models representing cargo ships with
comparable block coefficient, 0.6 < CB < 0.7. This comparison shows that
the moderate V-shaped stern is better from the standpoint of vibration,
whereas the moderate U-shaped stern would result in slightly less cavita-
tion.
The comparative data shows that, in general, a more U-shaped stern
tends to provide a more uniform flow, which would show better cavitation
and vibration characteristics. A more V-shaped stern tends to show a
slightly lower mean velocity; it also shows a larger fluctuation in the
flow, which would increase the likelihood of cavitation and vibration
problems.
I
CONCLUSIONS
1. The radial distributions of mean longitudinal velocity and

volumetric mean velocity have characteristic shapes. The open-type stern
tends to provide a near uniform distribution with a magnitude of approxi-
mately 95 percent of the model velocity. The conventional stern provides
a distribution with values lower at the inner radii and higher at the
outer radii. The magnitudes depend on the fineness and shape of the
afterbody; in general, the finer the stern, the higher the values.
2. The harmonic analysis of the longitudinal and tangential
velocity components show, in general, that the amplitude decreases as the
order of the harmonics increases, but the even order are relatively
stronger than the odd.
3. In most of the models analyzed, the tangential velocity
variation is large and sinusoidal in nature, because of the upward flow in
the propeller plane, which in turn shows up predominantly in the ist
harmonic. This, in conjunction with a large 1st harmonic amplitude of the
longitudinal velocity, will cause steady side forces and bending moments,
and will result in a shaft-frequency vibration when imperfections exist in
the blade geometry that will cause hydrodynamic imbalances.
4. It appears that stern shape has a considerable effect on the
wake patterns. Since the data in this report is derived from ships of
various designs it is not possible to note a clear-cut statement as to
which type of stern is superior from the point of view of overall ship-pro-
peller design. It appears, however, that in general a more U-shaped stern
tends to provide a more uniform flow, which would show better cavitation
and vibration characteristics, wherea's a more V-shaped stern tends to show
a slightly lower mean velocity, and also shows a larger fluctuation in the
flow, which would increase the likelihood of cavitation and vibration prob-
lems.
5. In general, for minimizing the cavitation and vibration prob-
lems, the open-type stern (e.g., transom stern with struts supporting the
shaft) is superior to the conventional type.
6. A general statement with regard to such special sterns as the
Hogner design cannot be made; their merit should be evaluated by the
specific propeller-ship design involved.
13
II.-.~.-.... .~.1~~~"~"...~".:~l.~-I~~-i., f-T.~~ 7~~F~a -77 1~II ~slb-

IF7T7- ~a -sn--*~-
7. Whether the contraguide sterns as those used on some of the
models tested provide favorable wake patterns is questionable.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Although the data presented show some similarities among the (

various models, the derived quantities exhibit a lack of consistency.
This indicates that further research is needed to determine the hull
characteristics, the hull parameters, and the operating conditions that
have significant effect on the wake pattern. Until such a research is
accomplished, wake surveys should be conducted on each ship design where
V the problems of cavitation and vibration are important.
2. Future wake surveys conducted on models with open-type sterns
should include a more careful exploration of the region behind the pro-
peller shaft.
3. To properly delineate the velocity distributions on models
with conventional sterns, measurements should be made on four or more
radii because of the large variations in the radial direction.
4. Wake surveys should be made on models with stern sections
systematically varied to determine the influence of section shape upon the
cavitation of vibration performance.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors wish to express their thanks to the personnel of

Max H. Morris, Inc., for assistance in the collection of data and in the
preparation of final graphs, and to Mr. George Smith of the Applied
Mathematics Laboratory for his help in the computer work.
14
20 .1 -1.
'' r777 7IP7TA tt~IltI~__
\\
L
JJI I
4 1 - P P II
I
I
- m- i j
8.o.WL
"-- L\ II iJi 11/ s4om
,r Iv I
,
i
*I I rt
k\ \ " UJI/-I/7IA Q
Di
MODEL 4648
MODEL 4671
owDL
7'*-8"
DWL
6: = ... -3 fWL
V WL
L
MD 43- r I --- FP
8 7 4 3
MODEL 4723 (Modified Clearwater Stern)
MODEL 4643
Figure 1 - Lines of Representative Models, Clearwater Stern
-- 1..~.11~-~---, - ---- ~-
-- ~e ~ ------------------
i IIIIIYIIYsllllYIYIIYIIIIIYIIIIY
IIIYYIIIYIYIIII
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIYYIY
IIIYIIIYIIYYYIYIYI
iiYiliiliiii iiliui
IIUIIIIII
Y1~
MODEL 4914
44'WL 44WL 44WL
44'WL-
219 DW'--\ 2"WL/l
16 wL-L. -
, WI DW
T '
16 WL
4' UTT
4 -16WL
YwWl
20 19 18 17 16 4 3 2
MODEL 4730
WL ET& -272
MODEL 4057
Figure 2 - Lines of Representative Models, Stern with Rudder

Shoe
~r r 11111 I I -r - I I I I
MODEL 5004
MODEL 4912
• I I I
1AUIl
(I
..... P r I .....
SL.. V\ -. ,
a--"-.---
MODEL 4882
2 .
.. ~.$
ILSTAA 20 10 1
MODEL 4883
Figure 3 - Lines of Representative Models, Open-Type Sterns
and Special Sterns
-*- r-W~(~
h~-mcxUfH~
~~p~ ~- C11111~
lll----1.--~-~----
--7F^--------- --- --- - I ----- - l*-~-wr
-~ --
IMIN
HYMY
1101dh ll tI i llagam
1.50 W.L
b
b
Figureof- Definition
Section Shape Coefficient
Figure 4 - Definition of Section Shape Coefficient
~all I I II I I I I I
Test Radii, CB < 0.6
Position Angle 9 In Degrees Position Angle e in Degrees
0 20 60 100 140 180 0 20 60 100 14

Position Angle 0 in Degrees Position Angle e in Degrees
Figure 5a - Conventional Stern
-- lLIill -- I
I
20 60 lOC
0 140 I
Position Angle 9 in Degrees
Position Angle in Degrees
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
Model 4521 1.2 Model 4831
Test No. 0 TestNo. 8
21.5 ft. Propeller Diameter 20.05 ft. Propeller Dioameter
1.0
N \\
0.8
0.
S --- r/R = 0.7

- .- 0.4 a --.-r/R = 0.9
R =0.30
R- 0.55 .. r/Rz I
R . 0.80
R 1.05 0.2
i -0.2
) 60 100 140 180 0 20 60 100 140 180

Position Angle e In Degrees Position Anqle 0 in Dearees
Figure 5b - Naval Auxiliaries
ag 1 III1I IL r I I II 1 111%"
Test Radii, Conventional Stern, 0.6 < CB < 0.7
0 20 60 100 140 180

Position Angle e in Degrees Position Angle 6 in Degrees
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS

2 Model 4144
Test No. 02
22.0 ft. P,.4,eller Diameter
0
N.
0 o r/R a0.40
o --- r/R 0.70

Sa---- r/Ra 0.95
2
-0.2
0 20 60 100 140 ie( ) ' 60 100 I

Position Angle 8 in Drees Position Angle 0 in Degrees
Figure 6a - Moderate U-Shaped Stern
..c- -- , I -- -- - - I ------------------- l~,l

Ilbl*
"IN6
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS

.N. i i i i i i i i i i i
Model 3717
Test No. 4
21.33 ft Propeller Diameter
1.0
. \, -/,
0.8
-a / 0.70
SII /I- 0.90
0 ---- r/R . 0.90
-0.2
180 140 100 60 20 360

0 340 300 260 220 180
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.2
Position Angle e in Degrees
Figure 6b - Moderate U-Shaped Stern, Contraguide
n II I I I I I I I Iru
Position Angie 0 in Degrees Position Angle e in Degrees
SIGLE SCREW ! IPS /

1.2 Model 4 8W-3
Test No. 15
22.0 ft. Propeller Dirmter
1.0
0.8
0.6 //-_
S--- r/R 0.41
0.4 r/R.0.71
0.4 A --.-r/R 1.00
0.2
0.2
[4 -0.2
.. . . I A i
) 60 100 140 IU 0 20 60 100 I

Figure 6c - Moderate V-Shaped Stern
,~,.~,~~,~~~,.I --- ------ , ------ ----- I ~. --

~-~--cl-~
Test Radii, Conventional Stern, CB > 0.7
Y;"
20 60 100 I ) 60 100 I
0 20 60 100 140
Figure 7a - Moderate U-Shaped Stern
. I I I I I I I I II I,
SINLE SCREW SHIPS
1.2Model 4080-2
Test No. 23
22.0 ft. Pipeller Diamter
1.0
0.8
0.6 P
o R ,0.44
a-
o-- r/ 0.72
a -- r/R a 1.00
04
-0.2 --
0 20 60 00 140 I
Position Ange in Degees
20 60 100 I
Poitlon Ange 0 in Degrees Position Angle e in Degrees
Figure 7b - Moderate V-Shaped Stern
------ - -- - - -----
U- - ,~ ~
i \
/0.
0.6
\, I
-'-- ---- 0.4 - -i

o r/R 0.3 r o -r/R-0.4
a --- r/R 0.7 o--- r/R 0.7
a .- r/R= 1.0 A.-- r/R= 1.0
0.2
Ar, - J-. J , .
" '- -0.2 ---- - .... -_
) 60 100 140 180 0 20 60 100 140 180

Position Angle 8 in Degrees Position Angle 8 in Degrees
110
/ A\(
0./
/ .
0.4
o - r/R0.4
.
0.21 0- r/R= 0.7
S r/R - 1.0
01-
0 20 60 100 140 180

Figure 7c - V-Shaped Stern (Part 1)
41 11 I __ I I III I I _-
Position Angle e In Degrees
Figre 7d - V-Shaped Stern (Part 2)
- lll~
l^
snri-~7CI1F~.T--P~*C-~~Y---- D--- ~ lIl - Il~-----SIIICII._II I
1111111
60 20 30 340 300
Position Angle G in Degrees
Figure 8 - Comparison of Circumferential Longitudinal (V /V)

Velocity Distributions of Victory Ship, IDIMB
versus NSMB
* III I III I II I I I I a
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
- CARGO TYPE (Conentionl Stern)
06<CB<07
Moderate U-Shape Stern
- ----- -- i 500-Ft LenQth on LWL
10 10
20-Ft Propeller Diameter
10 I
7+ 09
09 09
08 08 08
07
or 07 07 I>
I>
06 06 0.6
Mode I Stern
-O- 4747 0202 Clearwater 05
Q5 05 -0- 4393-I(Tar)0 O218 Clearwater
a 4648 0265 Clearwater
--- 4144 0282 Rudder Shoe
04 04 - 4710-1 0294 Clerwater 10 04
-9 3801 0 284 Rudder Shoe
SiConnt-GuK1
Z,
r,
0
07
3 4 06 07 08 09 10 I 095
08 E
06 .2
06
E
0
04
03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Figure 9 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (VT/V) and Volumetric Mean

Velocity, Conventional Stern, CB 0.7
0.90
OBlO
060
0.7 0.70
I>
0.60
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
0.50 TANKERTYPE(Coenvtenaol
Stern) SINGLESCREW SHIPS
0.7<Ce<0o 05 - TANKERTYPE(Coventional
Stern)
Moderate V-Shope Sterm 07<g< 0.8
600-Ft Lengthan LWL V-ShopeStern
0.40 22-Ft. Propeller D etr 44 600-Ft Leang nLWL
0.30
0.7
.8
40 00.50 ,5
odel22-F ro r Ster
Ii
model Ste m -3
---
4602 0.350 Corwater S 4723 0460 Clearwater
S 0- 4890 0350 Cleorwater 0.30 4971 0460 Clerwter Q3
-9- 4709 0380 Cleorwater -0- 4643 590 lerwater
-0- 4080-2 0315 Rudder Shoe .- 3067 0406 RudderSho
-4- 4423-2 0.385 Rudder Shoe 0.20 -- 4057 0.437 RudderShoe Q2
03 0.4 0.5 06 07 0.3 04 0.5 0.6 0.? 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.4 a7 0 -509 1.0 1.1
R
Figure 10 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (V /v) and Volumetric Mean

Velocity, Conventional Stern, CB0O.7
1.0
Ca = 0.472 -7
0.9
0.8 ----
- 0.7 - _;_
0.6
Q .0Stern
o 0.5 or . U-Shoped
Figure 11 - Average Mean Longitudinal Velocity, Single-Screw

Merchant Types, Conventional Stern
Merchant Types, Conventional Stern
PNna~~ u -I -- lrr --- I -- I--~--a__ - I ----IL

L--- ----'
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
CARGO TYPE (Conventional Stern)
O.5<C<O.6
0.24 500-Ft. Length on LWL
20-Ft Propeller Diometer
0.16
008 Model T Stern

o 4210-5 0217 Clearwater
o 4521 0202 of
O0 * 4842 0.195 "
o 4901 0.168 "
-0.08 o 4903 Q278 "
z z a 4933 Q176 ,
a 4986 Q191 ,
0 5000 0.130
S483 1 0.363 ,a(Mod.V-Shape)
.= 0.16 =" -a- 4914 0.175 Rudder Shoe
-9- 4995 175 Tronsom Modified
0.08 N x6
0
e-00
0-008
0.08
0.080
S 0.08
0.08
0 i i
0
-0.08
N-9
0.08 008
008
-0.08
-0.080
-0.08
Q3 04 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 I.I

R

(Vx /V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate U-
Shaped, 0.5 < C < 0.6
I I I I II I II I I I II IIII I I I
I~ I ..-----
z 1 z
0 2- -4 o- 4747 0.202 Clearwater
:>i Q> -- 4393-1(Tonker) 0.218 Clearwater
- 4648 0.265 Clearwater
0 I N=2 . -- 4144 0.282 Rudder Shoe
S -- 4710-1 0.294 Clearwater
S008 2 3801 0.284 Rudder Shoe
Contra-Guide
0 I 008 N
-- - -- 8 I
0
008 - -0.08
0 -
-- t-oo 00+
E E
S 0.08 -- T t0081 Q081 -
0.08 1 I 0.08
0 0
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 II 0.3 0.4 0.5 06 07 08 0.9 I .
r r
Figure 13 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Ingitudinal (V /V)

Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate U-Shaped,
o. 6 <c0<0.7
I-cxrll~Wl~iP~*~
"'rr~r~ _I F - --
a _III_ ~
IIIIIla ili=
Il 10
I I IlINIII m= lINII1IM
I
,111 ~ - -~-~~
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS

,24 CARGO TYPE
N=I 0.6 < Ce <0.7 -
Moderate V-Shape Stern
0.1 6 \ 1,1
04\1I0 I I - 500-Ft. Length on LWL
20 Ft. Propeller Diameter
0.08
Model T Stern
o 4730 0.328 Rudder Shoe
z -- 4393(Tanker) 0.363 Clearwater
S 4671 0.367 Clearwater
0.24 > 4358-W2 0395 Clearwater
N 2
O 0
o-0008
o 0 N=3 o o ,7
oN
0608 008
0
30.08 O
00.08
-008 rEr -008

Veocty-, C Sen Mdai Vi-Sap
-0.08 N=4
5 -0.08
' ' '= 4
o0.08 -0
08
C3 04 05 0.6 0.7 08 09 1.0 1.1 0.3 04 05 0.6 07 08 09 10 11
r
Figure 14 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal (Vx/V)

Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate V-Shaped,
0.6< CB< 0.7
I I I I I I I I I I I I I
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
CARGO TYPE (Conventional Stern)
Q5 <C< 0.6
500-Ft. Length on LWL
20-FT. Propeller Diameter
N=I
0.16 Model t Stern

o 4210-5 0.217 Clearwater
0.08 o 4521 0202
o o * 4842 0.195 ,
o 4901 0.168
0 o 4903 0278
a 4933 0.176
-0.08 _ 4986 0.191
o 5000 0.130 "
z z - 483 I 0.363 ,(Mod.V-Shope)
N =2 --
-- 4914 0.175 Rudder Shoe
-- 4995 0175 Transom Modified
>o 0.08 o N=6
00
08
B 0.08 - 0.08
=o
C
0 0
I-o
N=7
" 008 N=3
I-OO
C 0 -0.08
-008
z
0 0
0.080 8
0.08 N=4
0. E-0.08
E
-0.08
N=5 N4=9
0.08 0.08
low!
0
-0.08 -0.08
0.3 .4 Q5 0.6 Q7 0.8 0.9 1.0 I.I 0.3 Q4 .5 Q6 QU8 0.9 1.0
rR
Figure 15 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Tangential (V./V)

0.5< CB< o.6
rlrxm, ~art~~**u~r~----.l.--- ~l-

.~ IILOW1
,~*IUIIIIIIIIIIIIYYIYIYIYYIYIYIIIIY
YIIY '~"~~~^~'~~~
1-1111111 IYIlmmumumHl lall I MI
.i1I i
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS

N= I CARGO TYPE (Conventional Stern)
Q24 0.6<C <07
Moderate L-Shpe Stern
Q.16 500-Ft Length on LWL
20-Ft. Propeller Diameter
0.08 -
0
z z
0.08 ,0.08
-
o
o
0
N 2
.-0 0.08O
0.0 8 N=3
0 0
.0-0.08
I-
E &-0.08
E
0
I=
z 0.08 S0.08
0O
-0.08
0.08 a I N 5
0
--0.08
0.08
-0.08 0
-0.08
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 09
Figure 16 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Tangential (Vt/V)

0. 6 < CB< 0.7
4 1 11 13 1 III I I
SINGLE SCREW S
024 CARGO TYPE
N=. 0.6 < C9 <0.7
. . q Moderate V-Shape
I16 500-Ft. Length on
20 Ft. Propeller Dia
0.08 08 P IModel I Stern
o 4730 0.328 Rudder Shoe
0 _ I II o 4393(Tanker) 0.363 Clearwater
z z O 4671 0.367 Clearwater
0.08 " 4358-W2 0395 Clearwater
Q08 0
0 , -008
-0.08 008
A 0.080 o
-0 I
-0.08
E 0.08 N=4
5 E 0
<
.4
.08 0.08
-0.08 0 08
03 04 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 II Q3 04 Q5 0.6 07 0.8 Q9 1.0

o. 6 c B< 0.7
~~-I- ~-
- -- ~I r-- mr - -~xl C I~I1III~ -- I~~Uu
11-"-"--"~ ~l mil
016 I n l I l
'r"cAJIVre lIru l.I .IWIIW
0.7 <Ce <0.8
N I U-and Moderate U-Shape Stern
22-Ft.Propeller Diameter
-- -- -77-V117---V11
-0.08 - _--
-0.16 - Model t Stern

-o- 4635 0.122 Clearwater
4494 0.165 Clearwater
--- 4557 0.181 Clearwater
-v- 4423 0068 Rudder Shoe
0.24 -- -o- 4423-1 Q208 Rudder Shoe *
Z 1> 0.16 - - -.
8 U"
-o> /-"-- - - .08- 08 • - -"
o-.o8------------------------------S 0----------------------
S0.08
0 i-- ---- --" -G= N=3 " 0.08 -- -..

o
S----- 008
a - --- - - 10.08--------------------------------
z-00
-0.08
N 4
-- --- 0.08 ...
0 0
-0.08 -0.08
0.08 N 5 : j i0.08 N=9

08- 008
-0.08 - - - - - - -008
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.3 4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
r r
Figure 18 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal (V x/V)

Velocity, Conventional Stern, U- and Moderate U-Shaped,
0.7 CB 0 .8
ir I rl II I I I II I
z 024 ' - a- 4080-2 0.315 Rudder Shoe
--------*-4423-2 0.385 Rudder Shoe
0.16 - -
0 0
-0.08
0.08 ---------- -- N= 0.08 N=
a 0
0 B
-0.08 -0.08
00.16 0. . . a0
i gu 1 9-- -. u e -- o a a of L ( V
-0-0.08
-0.08 ' '08
0.08 - ' N=9
-0.08 1111-008
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 03 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
r r
R R
Figure 19 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal (Vx/v)

Velocity, Conventional Stern, U- and Moderate V-Shaped,
0.7< CB< 0.8
a~ or~-----~--~-~-~lp
--- . 'PU luuamnninnrrnuhn*rrwW~---r~
--
l~ --slrr~a I --
a l ill i IYYY
lghIhiPl
miYY lm ll Ma llimili I IbI.i ll 1111
1 "
Q24
Q24 '
- -=0.7<Cq<0.8 C
V-Shope Stem
0.16------- 600-Ft Length on LWL
22-Ft. Propeller Diarmeter
008 Nal
O -1
-008
-008Model ii4723 T
0.460
Stern
Clearwater
--
-QI 6 - -- 4643 0590 Clearwater
------- --- 3867 0.406 Rudder Shoe
-- - 4057 0.437 Rudder Shoe
z z
%Q24-
I I I
008 ------ 08
->008--- - ------------------- -'008
-0 0.08
i--a N 8
0.16 SN=4 i" 0.08
008Vn X! LU
----- O0
-008 0 .7 C
O1 -7p6-~-
N
N5 0.08
08
-o - ----- ----
-oo60.08
".0.1
03 0.4 05 0.6 0.7 08 0.9 1.0 1.1 Q3 04 05 06 07 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
Figure 20 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal (Vx

Velocity, Conventional Stern, V-Shaped, 0.74. C80.8
*( I I I I I IIII II I IP-
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
TANKER TYPEConventional Stern
024 0.7<C1<0.8
U- and Moderate U-Shape Stern
600"FtLength on LWL
0.16.
0.08
-0.08 Model t Stern

-o- 4635 QI 22 Clearwater
-0.16 4494 QI 65 Clearwater
-- 4557 0.I81 Clearwater
-Q24 -o- 4423 0068 Rudder Shoe
z -o- 4423-1 0208 Rudder Shoe
0.16 0.08 N*6

-r
> 0
0.08 -- 7
.o 0 N7
I- -0.08
S-008 -0.08
S0.08 --
r N=,
-q
S0
-- - .I
-008
0
-008
0.08
OO08
0
0
-0.08
-0.08
0.3 04 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 09 1.0 1.1

Velocity, Conventional Stern, U- and Moderate U-Shaped,
.7< CB<0o.8
~nrr~ ~cri*r-arr~-c-Y
Nlli*m pU~--~
-~-d
llslC~ - -- ~~~~-
1IIIIII-- -iD---~-~
0.32
--- 1N SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
TANKER TYPE(Conventional Ste
0.7< C <0.8
0.24 Moderate V-Shape Stern
0.16 22-Ft. Propeller Diameter
0.08
L 7I -
0
Model I Stem
-a- 4709 0.380 Clearwater
-0.16 -o- 4080-2 0.315 Rudder Shoe
z -,- 4423-2 0.385 Rudder Shoe
-024
.2 N=6
OD8' C
N-2 o.
F?
a 0 -o
-'ii
I- 00
-0.08
0
M
N0 7
E
a
a 0~0
S-0.0
0
-0.08
0
8 )8
E 0 N--9
COD
N=4
0 -4
0- - : - )8 - - --- - -
,, 0O Nz99
N5I
-00 -0O)8
03 0.4 0. 06 0.7 08 0. I1 1.1 03 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
r
R
Figure 22 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Tangential (s/V)

0 .74 CB< 0.8
I 1 111 1 I I
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
TANKER TYPE(Conventional Sterri
0.24 07<C, .8
'0
V-Shape Stern
22-Ft.Propeller Diameter
0.08
-0.08 Model I, Stern

-a- 4723 0.460 Clearwater
-0.16 4971 0.460 Clearwater
- - 3867 0.40 Rudder Shoe
-Q24
z z -- 4057 0.437 Rudder Shoe
1>-0.32
8o.o > 0.08

. o .W
0.08
-0.08
0 0
0
-6-0.08 -008
-6-0.08
N= 8
E 0.08O
0.08
0
0
-0.08
-0.08
0.08 N=9
0.08
0 0. 4 05 06 07 08 0
0 II
-0.08 -0.08
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1

r
W

Velocity, Conventional Stern, V-Shaped, 0.7< CB<0.8
mil.r,~,.~u~.*n*,,~N-
nra -- c--~s----- I ---~ - - I I I-- -----------r~
---
j Vx
V
$rmax nn Plane of
Propeller
SVt
Ja V
Figure 24 - Velocity Diagram
4 1 I II I I III I 1 1111~
0, oder
it onvenlo(Stern ' 06< cR<0.7 06<C,<07
40 Moderate U-Shpe Stern o 40 ModerateU-Spe Stern 40 Moderate V-Shope Ster
500-Ft Length on LWL 500-Ft Length on LWL a 500-Ft Length on LWL
S30 20-Ft Propeller Diameter 20-Ft PropellerDiameter 20Ft Propeller Diometal
30 30 -- 30
SI20
Rudder
0328
S4730
0 I2
I10. . 0 4393(Tanr) 0363
4671 0367 Charwates
Cle rwte
S4358-W2 0395 Clearwatel
o o-8 4O
0- 47 0-2ale 0
odel . St rn
'o 4210-5 02,7 cI..art
202 452,
o 160 -16
0 4903 Q28 4747 0202 Clearwater
nker) 218 C rwter

0176
0.7.0
-- 4648 (T
4393-
4144
0265
0282
Clearwater0_
RudderShoe
0S493
4986 0 19 I n -e
5000 0i30
S 4831 0363 Mod V-Shape) -o-- 4710- I 0294 Clearwater
-- 4914 0175 Rudder Shoe --'9-- 3801 0284 Rudder Shoe
- 9 - 4995 0 175 TronsomModified
05 Contra-Gude
05
0 04 06
. 03 0.4 05 06 07 08 09 10 1.1( 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 II 0 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 II
Figure 25 - Mean Advance Angle ( ), Variations in Beta Angles (A ) and Pressure Factor (P),
Single-Screw Merchant Types, Conventional Stern, CB < 0.7
PI . . .l - f' 1111111111
1 IIIIIIII III IIIFIIIIIIFII - l I I III .... ... . Il I il
i i . ..i i---.. mN
Pressure Foctor, P. -(VlI)mo Mean Advance Angle,, in Degrees

o0 0 °0 ( -V8)an o 00
0 - N a 0
1 4,
0
f A -4
-- C
"AJ
0,!
o- A -I
ON
I-
0\ Pi
1 64 0 a
Varlatin to ete Aeges,A, in Degrees
Pressre FactorPP (V. )nG
(bc)m'an MeanAdvance Angle, , in Degrees
'10 SP p 9 0 0 0
-- --- - --- -- - - - -
. m ot =-- CO-
o L. SI L
/ -- I/N _- --
0l 0 o
'0
00 4 " - --
I 04 g r - - -- -
CD
V1 o"
r e F t I- IVI eae Ad
A g in
C b)mean
.CD
r-
I ITi
VorptlOn i 00,0 0 p C.r U
ml-
I
0-Variatio-n 1 _ -
Belo Degrees
AngliA0, in diU'"
1 1
-- -
g------------- 1
N U 0 N-- 0
Varitio
inSt ngeD ere
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
Mode 5004
Tet No. 9
0.739ft. Modal Propeller Dom.
o - rR - 0.30
4 - --- r 0.55
U) A --. r/R - 0.80
U0 0 ... r/R 1.05
-0.
0 20 60 100 140 lt
20 60 100
) Position Angle 9 in Degrees
Position Ange 8 hInDegrees

and Tangential (Vt/V) Velocity Components at Test
Radii, Open-Type Sterns
r-*n-u- -- 'C~--. - ..I--- II' 11 111

r50
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS I CARGO TYPE (Traom Sten)
CARGO TYPE (Tresom StUn) o 40 500-Ft.Legth an LWL
500-Ft. Length an LWL C 20Ft. PropellrDwmew
20 Ft. PropellrDoometer
JUe*095
.30
1.2
I20
1.1
0 Model5004 10
A Model 4912
1.0
0 Model 5004 12
A Model4912
0.9 I
0.0 4
+AS
0z
S
,g
0 E
i
- - -"- -... -. --. -. ,..09: -... T 'NX I I I
- 03 ,#T e
1
E 2 02
.2
> 4
06 0.I
f
ar P I ~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~ ~ 1.1 ~
03 04 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1. II 03 04 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
A R
a
Figure 28 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V), Mean Advance Angle ( p ),

Variations in Beta Angle ( A( ) and Pressure Factor (P),
Open-Type Sterns
48
- I - ---- ~___~IN
r r
R
Figure 29 - Amplitude of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal (VxV)

Velocity, Open-Type Sterns
49
11 111 -1
11111111,1, .... , 4 11, 0 1 1
II imu ,1 U.
llM
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS

CARGO TYPE (Transom Stern)
20 Ft. Propeller Diaometer
o Model 5004
z a Model 4912
N-7
O
"I
z
-¢0.04
N-8
E
o- o
-nO )4
QC
N=9
0.3 0.4 05 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

r
Figure 30 - Amplitude of Various Harmonics of Tangential (Vt/V)

Velocity, Open-Type Sterns
Y1 I I I II I
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
Model 4882 2 Model 4883
2 Tr No. 7 Test No. 7
21.0 ft. ropellerDimeter 21.0 ft. Propeller Dionmeter
.0
o -- r/R a 0.40 4
o --- r/R0.70
.4 - -.- r/R= 0.95
S-- r/R- 0.40
- --- F/R 0.70
--.- /R 0.95
.2
0.
D 8
-0 -0
A
0 20 140 IOU 3
Position Ange 8 In Degrees Position Angle e in Degrees

and Tangential (Vt/V) Velocity Components at Test
Radii, Special Sterns
.n~an~
-**~.mi~c***r*a**--l-
. - ~----^------
-- -- --- --- l-- 1(11~-~
-- 1
0 50
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
1 1 ~r 1 CARGO TYPE (Hogner Stern)
40
20 Ft Propeller Diameter
30
1.0
09 20
10
08
C
\ 0.7
0 Model 4882
A Model 4883
06
05
1.0
0.9
JC0Mo9 04
OLT o 04
,,, AMdel788 Q6
0. 0.2
05 : 0.2
04 0.1
03 0.4 0.5 0.6 08 09 1.0
Figure 32 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V), Mean Advance Angle ( ),

Variations in Beta Angle (As) and Pressure Factor (P),
Special Stern
z
Ez
.3
-j
Z
-
a.
a
2 .
z
2
a
.3
.5 E
r _R
R R
Figure 33 - Amplitude of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal (Vx/V)

Velocity, Single-Screw Merchant Types, Special Stern
"'3rr^lO*nTrtayllW~ I _C~-1Iruli _ ~i--------

z"' / z
_ 0 11 N= I I> > 0 Model 4882
I&Model 4883
-0.08 0.04
0.0
0.0 -0.04
. 0 N- w 0.04
. 0.04--
4-Q08 --
0.04
-Q04 z8
-004 0e. N-.5 -004 _.N=9
3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.3 4 0.5 06 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
r r
R R
Figure 34 - Amplitude of Various Harmonics of Tangential (t/V)

Velocity, Special Stern
~IC I I I I II I I I
SINGLE SREW SHIPS
r Models 4210-5 & 4995
.00 Test Nos. 3PR 8 3
24.9Ft. Propeller Diameter
1.0
a9
as
I>
'- 0
:06
- Model 4210-5,Cleorwter Stern,

C@-0.600
--- Model 4995,Modified Transom Stern,, 0.4
Co=0.583
0.3
0 Z
-0.1
71 :00
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0 20

-t
40 60 80 100 120 140

i+ tf
160 180
Position Angle,e,in Degrees Position Angle, , in Degrees Position Angle. ,in Degrees
Figure 35 - Circumferential Distributions of Velocity, Conventional

Stern versus Modified Transom Stern
12
S4 .E
-4
Q9J
0.7
0.6 09 - - -- -- - .-
o .
08 Q5 12
06 2 0.3 1
. 0NI
03 0.4 05 0.6 .7 0 0.9 1.0 1.1 03 0.4 05 0.6 0.7 0.8 9 1.0 1.1

Velocity, Mean Advance Angle ( ), Variations in
Beta Angle (a) and Pressure Factor (P), Conventional
Stern versus Modified Transom Stern
0.12 1 1 -- -- o Model 4995,Modified Trnsom Stern,C-0.583
0.08 L
00.04 N=
iQ z
- - - I -0.04
.200
16 --- 004 -N
0.12 004--
O8
=;0.04------------------------------------N 2 004
N-=2
S0.04
'--- - - - - -- -
- - - - - 0--
1 0 1 0. 4
04
NN8
-0.04 --
4---------- N4 S0 N=9
0.04 .004 .
-004 - -0.04 -
03 04 05 6 0.7 08 0.9 1.0 1.1 Q3 0.4 05 06 07 0.8 09 1.0 1.1
Figure 37 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal (V /V)

Velocity, Conventional Stern versus Modified Transom Stern
Y-"t-C15-717a~~7LPP~"C----
I I --- ~1C"
0.0 - - -- 7O
I 2" -t ;-
z z N6
0.04 O4
.2 N
Q04 - :-004
C I-
o~P_ S0 0.04
I I I'-:--)
• . 04
o 3 -
. OO40
0 K-
N4
o-
00 0.04
004 - N-8
-0.04
004 - -0.04_
0.04 _
03 04 0.5 Q6 Q7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.3 Q4 Q5 0.6 0.7 0.8 Q9 LO I.

r r
Figure 38 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Tangential (s/v)

Velocity, Conventional Stern versus Modified Transom Stern #
0.K /0.8
/
•/ / -.-- P-- --
.4
0.6
0.4-
0.- R
0 7
. o - R 0.4
-
I
0.2
/
A-- Ia-
R
R- 1.00 0.2 --- R 0.7
o
",-- . "
-0;2'
0 20 60 100 140 180

0 20 60 100 140 ISO
Oresree
Position Angle 0
in
Figure 39 - Comparisons of Velocity Distributions of Model 4723,

Conventional Stern versus Modified Stern
P1 -Clr~U--F ii
"""~~ -LI1II~I-.~l --------------I
o
c 30
7 20
c 10
16
0 Model 4723, Conventional Clearwater Stern
(Test 4A)
a Model 4723, Modified Stern 12
(Test 4)
0.8
S
0.7 4
o3
D
o
S0.6 4
I>
0
Q5
-4 I
07 '05 -8
a
-- 06 .2 04
.05 C o 03
U 03
Jo0 0.85
02
0
.5
03 a. QI
03 04 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 II
Figure 40 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V), Volumetric Mean Velocity,

Mean Advance Angle (s), Variations in Beta Angles (AB),
and Pressure Factor (P), Model 4723, Conventional Stern
versus Modified Stern
-0.08- --- -
-0.12 -00-
Q20 _ - 0-- -
0.16 - > -0.04 -
S0.04'0
-Q08 I- I Z 0._
-0.04 0.04 N
0.800
0.04
0 ,0.04 N41 0 N91
0.0412 -0.04
0.0 - 00 --- - - _ N=9
-OC - - - - - - - 04 - -
0.-- -- - -
03 04 05 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.3 04 Q5 Q6 Q7 0.8 Q9 1.0 1.1
Figure 41 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal Velocity
(Vx/V), Model 4723, Conventional Stern versus Modified Stern
mrir~an~ --------------
9~ ~ - -
_~I I _ ~
_1 1 III lillallumulumimbik
o Model 4723,Conentionol Clearwater Stemrn

0.28 0 (Test 4A)
0.24= a Model 4723,Modified Stern

S0.2 4 (Test 4)
0.20
0.16
0.12 ---
z z
004 0-.
04
0 --- 0----
4 -Q04
008 .- F 0.04
S-0.12, . " 0
0.08 .- -0.04- - -
004 -------
0-04
4
- :
-- --
:N=2
--------- - III.
0.04-
-0-- -04--- ----
N:7
0 0
S-0.04 -0.04 0--

N. 34 N= 8
0.04 -- 0 .04
004-- ------------- 0.04--
1 --
7------
I 0
-004- -----------------------
...... 0.04±
0.3 0.4 05 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 03 04 05 0.6 07 08 0.9 1.0 1.1
r r
Figure 42 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Tangential Velocity
(Vt/V), Model 4723, Conventional Stern versus Modified Stern
a III I I II II I I I Ir~
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
Model 4080-2 8 4080-3
Test No. 20 and 23
1.0 - 1.0
Q9
0.8
0.7 F
0.6 0.9 r
0.5
0.4
I -
-
Model 4080-2,Fairform Stern
-- Model 4080-3,Contra-guide Stern
0.4
(-18 Test Data used 03

0.3 Mirror noge for 18e-36 .)
---- Model 4080-3, Contra-guide Sternm02
/ / 2\
- (80-360 Test Data used,
- "\
- Mirror Image for d-18d) 0.1
/ / /
0
C0 .<:
I--,
-0.1
,U
~UIr r cr I .00
-0.2 CJr~I -
-0.:5
)r\ 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 zu 4U oU oU I U IU I .tv Io I1O
Position Angle,e, in Degrees Position Angle,9, in Degrees Position Angle,, in Degrees
Figure 43 - Circumferential Velocity Distribution, Fair-Form

Stern versus Contraguide Stern
SINGLE SCREW SHI'S
30 Model 4080-2 & 4080-3
Test No. 20and 23
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS 22-Ft. Propeller Dameter
Model 4080-2 8 4080-3 Ja 0.85
Test No. 20and 23 " 20
600-Ft Length on LWL
10
- Model 4080-2, Fairform Stern
- Model 4080-3, Contro-guide Stern
(0-18d Test Data used,Mirror Image for 180'-360 ) P.
---- Model 4089-3, Contra-guide Stern z
(180*-360 Test Data used,Mirror Image for 0- 180 2
as
07
4c
\-
0.6
M 0.5
4 o
I04 L
04
8c
/--S - --
0./ a
/, 2
o
-0.
- Model 4080-2, Fairform Stern 6
a SModl 4 80-3,Contro-guide Stern
(0-180 Test Data used,Mirror Image for 180-360)
E04 ----. Model 408-3,Contro-guide Stern
E S(18(-360 Test Data used, Mirror Image for (f-180
0.3 03
0
2/ U 0.2
0
01
0 0 04 05 06 07 0.8 .9 0 II
03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 II
Rr

Velocity, Mean Advance Angle ( ( ), Variations in
Beta Angles ( A ), and Pressure Factor (P), Fair-Form
Stern versus Contraguide Stern
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS
- - - Nl Model 4080-2 8 4080-3
0.20 Test No. 20 and 23
0.16, 22-Ft. Propeller Diometer
0.12
// . N 3
-- /,
0.08 - - - - - - -
=
- -- - /- - -- II - --
0.04 0.08 ---------
----------------------------- -----
- - /- - - - -- - - -
0 0.04
-0.04 - - - - - -
0
-- - - - -- - - -0.04
z
z
020
0.16 S0.08 N6
- -- - - - - - - -
0.12 0.04
-- - - [-- - - - - - -
- - - - - - C 0
- - / - - - - - - - - - - Model 4080-2,Fairform Stem
4
- - - - - - - - - - - -0.0 - Model 4080-3, Contra-guide Stern
(f'-I" Test Data used,
0
-0.08 Mirror mage for 18-36')
-- Model 4080-3, Contra-gude Stern
.O
(180'-360' Test Data used,
- ---- t- •
Mirror Irnoage for d-180d)
N
0.04
--- - - - - -" - - - - S0
z
-- - - - - - - - - - -
-0.04
------ N 8
- - - - -
- -- -
1-0.08 - -
E
,-'- - - - - - -
-012 - /- - - - - - - - -
a 0.04
- - - - - - - - -
0
,,=
-0.04
-"- ----- -- -- - N-9
008
0.04
-J0.04
-- ---
0
0
-- - - - - - - -
-0.04 - - - - - - - - - -0.04
-0.04 O~
U U.~Ub L
""
03 0.4 05 0.6 I
.8 U.Q9 I.U I. 03 Q4 Q5 U.6 u.7 U.8 UC9 I. I. I
r
Figure 45 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal Velocity
xO/V), Fair-Form Stern versus Contraguide Stern
mr~*r~ ------ e ------ --- -------- -------- rrr~-r~

--- -'~-- - - - - --- ~-' IN ,1j,1IIMIlNIANNOllul
I ju '1111ON W014101101.1
SINGLE SCREW SHIPS

Model 4080-2 & 4080-3
0.1 6 Test No. 20 and 23
0.12 22-Ft. Propeller Diameter
008
0.04 0.04
004
-0.04
.6
0.12 S0.
0.08
• 0.04
8 0,
S0
z-0.04
0.04 i
0.04
0
E
<-0.04 S0 -- ----- -----
-004
-0.08
0.04
N=9
0
-0.04 -004
0.3 0.4 Q.5 6 07 0.8 Q9 1.0 1.1

'R
Figure 46 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Tangential Velocity

(t/V), Fair-Form Stern versus Contraguide Stern
66
Ist I I I I I i I r IsB
MODEL 4423
MODEL 4423-1
MODEL 4423-2 -
MODEL 4423-3 - -
34'-6" D.W.L.
20' W.L.
8' W.L.
c-
Figure 47 - Comparative Aftbody Plans, Models 4423,
4423-1, and 4423-2
Il~-----
I(C
trr~n*llr-*it*-*C-~lIh~-*~YUs.l(liD~.I"I ~- I---
----
ll-_l_-P- ill IC I
-0.2
0 kU 60 100 1
ISO
Position Angle e in Degrees Position Angle e in Degrees Position Angle in Degrees
Figure 48 - Circumferential Distributions of Velocities, Models 4423

(U-Shaped), 4423-1 (Moderate U-Shaped) and 4423-2
(Moderate V-Shaped)
8
-Model
- - 4423, U-Stern (r=0068) - --- Model 4423, U-Stern (r=0.06 )
8
- Model 4423-1, Moderate U-Stern (r=0.20 ) ------- Model 4423-1, Moderate U-Stern (r-0.208)
3 38
Model 4423-2, Moderate V-Stern (r=0. 85) ------- Model 4423-2, Moderate V-Stern (r=0. 5)
20
0.8
10
0.7 5-
0.7
-__- ---- --.---.-- .
0.6 12
0...4 0 06 0 0470- 03 04 05 06 07 08 - 0.9 1.0

o- -- - - 0
00.5 0.5
r
0.6 -4- <r
Figure 49 - Comparative Vx/V, Volumetric Mean Velocity, , A,
and P, U- versus V-Shaped Sterns, C0 = 0.741

and P., U- versus V-Shaped Sterns, CB = 0.741
11 1111111
>U
>U ._
0
S
C
0 V
C
'0
C C
0
0
a
o
zU-
I I
'C £
0 0
S S
0
r r
R R

CB = 0.741
B
'4 1 L I I I I I I Irr
R R
Figure 51 - Comparative Vt/V , U- versus V-Shaped Sterns, CB = 0.741
71
- II -cl---s~-~*rr--~------
-------*-----IL------
R=0.43 - 0.70
1.0 1.0
0.9 0.9
0.8 Q8
>57
0.7-- -" 0.7>
,
05---7-----\
0.5-/-
--------------- 0.5
0.4 - 04
>
0.3 /-------------
-7 0.3
olI
0.2
02----- -- ------ - 02
0.1 LI 0.1
c-----------
0- I11 -- /
o . .-. A
-0.1
0.
I "
V +0 O Ov 1OV
Iu I 1-t IV
,n
Io u .v *U (O O. IVV Ir0 10. IV.
DL'%
10V 40 60 80 100 120 140
Position Angle, e, in Degrees Position Angle, O, in Degrees Position Angle,E, in Degrees
Figure 52 - Comparative Circumferential Distributions of Velocities,

Models 4393 (Moderate V-Shaped) and 4393-1 (Moderate
U-Shaped), C = 0.645
Model Model
- 4393, Moderate V-Shope Sternm
(r.es)) - 4393,Moderote V-Shape Stern(Tro.3~s)
---- 4393-I,Moderate U-Shope Stern(rt.oar)
---- 4393-I,Moderate U-Shape Stern(r.o.e)
. .. 16
Ja= 0.95
12
4 Qi
C
0
- /--
-4
, ( B
C0
Z
.o
-8
05
- "-. -- ..... ------ - 12 09
T
c
;Q4
EIE
0.3
a.
oL 0.1
0
0. r VC U.9 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
R
Figure 53 - Comparative Vx/V, 8, AB, and P, U- versus V-Shaped

Sterns, CBB = 0.645
,irrlMll AmlumII ilgImmII m lMYillIsh
0.16
Nal
0.12
0.08
0.04
0
z z
S020 0.04
I -N-2
I-O 040
.2
>0.12 ;-004
008
c 0.04
0
.JOO4
S0.04
o. 0
.2
0
S0.04
z 0 S-004
I I 3 0.04
0-0.04
-0.08 /
E
-0.12 °_-,
0.04
008 -0.04
0.04
0.04
0 0
-0.04 -0.04
0.3 0.4 0.5 06 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1

r
R
Figure 54 - Comparative Vx/V , U- versus V-Shaped Sterns, C = 0.645

B
IIII I I I I I I I _ ill ~--

016 I
0.12
0.08
004 - . 0.04 N=5

0---
0 .. - 0 -
-0-OO4 0 -N0
0.04 0
0 -0.04
.004
oo
0004 ..
IN-3 004 N-:
0 =-0.04
0o4 0.04
0-0 - - -.
r r
Figure 55 - Comparative Vt/V, U- versus V-Shaped Sterns, CB = 0.645
--- ~-s~-- - l
LIYCII*R(Cl~.ll~nHFItlAll~m~'-.~1T- ~Snr~
-r~--^ .~ -r^u~r~.lur
lurrrnrrrlr
TABLE 1
Model Data (Clearwater Stern)
Service C C C C C C C C C C C C N N N T T T T T T T T T T
Particulars: Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model
4210-5 4358W-2 4648 4671 4710-1 4747 4842 4901 4903 4933 4986 4995** 4521 4831 5000 4393 4494 4557 4602 4635 4643 4709 4723 4890 4971
Length on LWL, WL Ft 20 37 21.65 19.73 22.72 18.80 21.57 20.76 20.24 18.95 20.50 21.01 20.53 19.28 19.98 18.38 20.0 22.40 22.476 20.320 22.903 24.490 24.350 26.33 26.32 25.07
Beam, B Ft 2 67 3.14 2.67 3.23 2.755 3.32 2.93 2.90 2.728 3.01 3.19 2.667 2.88 2.97 2.680 2.667 3.150 3.078 2.720 3.214 3.250 3 010 3.696 3.597 3.52
Draft, H Ft 1 07 1.12 1.16 1.22 1.155 1.228 1.11 1.12 0.982 1.15 1.05 1.067 1.06 0.97 0.938 1.069 1.310 1.165 1.070 1.143 1.300 1.260 1.365 1.35 1.31
Displacement, FW Ton 0 950 1.283 1.101 1.504 1.057 1.532 1.07 1.11 0.791 1.136 1.04 0.947 0.966 0.912 0.652 1.022 1.90 1.64 1.21 1,76 2.27 2.03 2.85 2.812 2.511
Test Velocity, V Kn 4 38 4.07 3.54 4.17 3.62 3.94 4.22 4.27 3.91 3.97 4.54 3.82 4.25 3.88 4.11 3.65 3.51 3.46 3.13 3.31 3.18 2.77 3.33 3.16 3.15
V/i L 0.970 0.874 0.798 0.876 0.836 0.850 0.927 0.95 0.886 0.878 0.990 0.842 0.954 0.869 0.959 0.818 0.742 0.729 0.694 0.691 0.643 0.561 0.649 0.615 0.628
Propeller Diameter, D Ft 0.83 0.910 0.872 0.912 0.850 0.910 0.800 0.851 0.800 0.861 0.875 0.830 0.860 0.755 0.748 0.733 0.852 .0.811 0.671 0.786 0.562 0.666 0.833 0.811 0.641
=
Advance Coeff., Ja V/nD 0.922 0.962 1.048 -- 0.987 0.923 0.97 1.01 1.09 -- 0.941 0.967 0.908 0.908 0.995 0.886 0.733 0.775 0.807 0.820 0.718 0.698 0.594 0.735 0.666
Ship - Model Scale, X 30.00 24.175 24.080 24.176 24.682 21.978 25.622 25.857 27.497 25.291 25.702 30.00 -- -- -- 30.00 23.46 27.124 34.25 28.00 32.00 34.5 27.6 28.357 37.5
LWL Coefficients:
Cg 0.600 0.607 0.600 0.605 u.636 0.626 0.569 0.548 0.560 0.577 0.532 0.583 0.590 0.566 0.507 0.645 0.715 0.730 0.740 0.746 0.780 0.791 0.773 0.792 0.782
Cp 0.615 0.619 0.610 0.62 0.648 0.639 0.577 0.559 0.571 0.586 0.553 0.597 0.610 0.610 0.527 0.656 0.723 0.740 0.740 0.765 0.790 0.795 0.781 0.795 0.785
CX 0.977 0.981 0.986 0.969 0.982 0.980 0.985 0.981 0.981 0.986 0.962 0.977 0.966 0.928 0.963 0.982 0.989 0.993 0.989 0.985 0.994 0.994 0.989 0.995 0.996
CPA -- 0.65 0.63 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.60 0.57 0.57 0.58 0.56 0.60 0.62 0.62 0.55 0.674 -- 0.700 0.700 0.700 0.740 0.730 -- 0.730 0.730
CPVA -- 0.81 0.81 0.78 0.81 0.81 0.73 0.76 0.78 0.75 0.74 0.68 0.79 0.73 0.75 -- -- 0.870 0.860 0.870 0.870 0.870 -- 0.860 0.85
LR/LwL 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.469 0.504 0.50 0.49 0.50 0.51 0.492 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.49 0.50 -- 0.46 0,44 0.41 0.40 0.37 -- 0.43 0.37
LwL/B 7.49 6.88 6.88 7.04 6.824 6.49 7.09 6.98 6.95 6.82 6.59 7.71 6.69 6.71 6.86 7.50 7.12 7.30 7.48 7.13 7.53 8.08 7.13 7.32 7.12
B/H 2.50 2.82 2.46 2.64 2.386 2.70 2.63 2.42 2.78 2.62 3.04 2.50 2.72 3.07 2.86 2.49 2.41 2.64 2.54 2.81 2.49 2.39 2.71 2.66 2.69
3
SW/(01 LWL) 122.0 130.1 147.5 131.9 164.0 157.0 122.8 138.1 119.5 135.7 115.6 112.5 139.0 117.6 108.1 131.4 168.2 148.7 147.8 150.8 158.8 144.9 160.7 158.6 163.9
C - Cargo, T - Tanker, N - Naval Auxiliary
Modified Transom with extended shaft

TABLE 2
Model Data (Stern with Rudder Shoe)
Service * C C C C T T T T T T N
Particulars: Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model Model
3717 3801 4144 4730 3867 4057 4080-2 4080-3 4121-1 4423-2 4914
Length on LWL, LWL Ft 20.035 20.00 21.841 19.86 25.65 21.92 21.00 21.00 24.377 25.666 18.55
Beam, B Ft 2.86 2.787 3.144 2.80 3.40 3.028 2.763 2.763 3.256 3.677 3.36
Draft, H Ft 1.203 1.262 1.117 1.12 1.413 1.19 1.067 1.067 1.298 1.244 1.05
Displacement, FW Ton 1.244 1.312 1.281 1.04 2.46 1.65 1.20 1.20 2.166 2.416 0.86
Test Velocity, V Kn 3.40 3.81 4.07 3.60 3.51 3.13 3.38 3.38 3.00 3.18 3.97
V/f 0.760 0.850 0.870 0.808 0.694 0.669 0.737 0.737 0.607 0.628 0.921
Propeller Diameter, D Ft 0.853 0.922 0.910 0.862 0.975 0.792 0.733 0.733 0.591 0.792 0.700
Advance Coeff., Ja = V/nD 0.958 1.104 0.962 0.943 0.859 0.781 0.911 0.897 0.760 0.726 0.840
Ship - Model Scale, X 25.00 22.25 24.175 24.983 20.00 27.74 30.00 30.00 25.80 27.74 --
LWL Coefficients:
0.669 0.600 0.602 0.722 0.748 0.699 0.699 0.755 0.741 0.472
CB 0.647
Cp 0.658 0.678 0.612 0.612 0.740 0.754 0.711 0.711 0.760 0.746 0.567
CX 0.982 0.987 0.981 0.983 0.976 0.993 0.983 0.983 0.994 0.993 0.833
0.637 0.663 0.629 0.61 -- 0.698 -- -- 0.712 0.694 0.57

CPA
-- -- -- 0.80 -- 0.856 -- -- -- -- 0.60
CPVA
0.51 -- 0.413 -- -- -- 0.46 0.49
LR/LWL 0.483 0.45 0.50
LWL/B 7.00 7.18 6.95 7.09 7.54 7.24 7.59 7.59 7.49 6.98 5.52
B/H 2.38 2.21 2.81 2.50 2.41 2.55 2.59 2.59 2.51 2.96 3.20
3 133.4 153.7 147.1 138.6
ASW/(0.01 LWL) 158.4 168.0 126.4 136.9 150.4 160.6 133.4
Contra- Contra- -- -- -- -- -- Contra- -- -- --
Type of Stern
guide guide guide
C - Cargo, T - Tanker, N Naval Auxiliary

Two Displacements Tested
Three Speeds Tested
TABLE 3
Model Data (Transom Stern with Skeg and Struts, and Special Sterns)
Service N N C C
Particulars: Model Model Model Model

4912 5004 4882 4883
Length on LWL, LWL Ft 22.96 21.15 18.82 18.82
Beam, B Ft 3.15 2.99 2.829 2.829
Draft, H Ft 0.889 0.948 0.978 0.939
Displacement, FW Ton 1.075 0.872 0.772 0.768
Test Velocity, V Kn 3.46 3.82 4.30 4.30
V/ - - 0.723 0.969 0.99 0.99
Propeller Diameter, D Ft 0.666 0.739 0.732 0.732
Advance Coeff., Ja = V/nD 0.779 0.969 0.889 0.923
Ship - Model Scale, X -- -- 28.636 28.636
LWL Coefficients:
CB 0.602 0.523 0.534 0.553

Cp 0.628 0.579 0.551 0.571
CX 0.958 0.904 0.969 0.968
CPA 0.65 0.61 0.54 0.58
CPVA 0.72 0.67 0.58 0.68

LR/LwL 0.49 0.475 0.51 0.51
LWL/B 7.29 7.07 6.65 6.65
B/H 3.54 3.15 2.89 3.01
0 3
ASW/(O. 1 LWL) 91.3 94.82 119.0 118.0
Type of Stern j Skeg - £ Skeg - Skeg Hogner
strut struts with struts
C - Cargo, T - Tanker, N Naval Auxiliary
aa* I I I I I I I I I I ~PL
APPENDIX
MODEL TEST DATA
Stern Type Block Coeff. Section Shape Model Page

Conventional CB < 0.6 Moderate U 4914 80
4521 81
4903 82
4933 83
4986 84
5000 85
Moderate V 4831 86
Conventional 1 0.6 < CB < 0.7 Moderate U 3717 87
3801 88
4648 90
4710-1 91
4747 92
Moderate V 4671 93
4730 94
4358W-1 95
4358W-2 96
4358W-3 97
Conventional 0.7 < CB < 0.8 U 4423 98
Moderate 4635 99
4557 100
4423-1 101
Moderate V 4080-2 102
4602 103
4709 104
V 3867 105
4057 106
4723 107
4643 108
Open 4912 109
5004 110
Special 4882 111
,uiu~~nn T1- - ""go1111 -L-.m~M^

......... ---
tHE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICHIS
VELOCITYSURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER PERPENDICULARTO THE CENTERLINE OF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
AGS ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTLINE4.0 FT FWDOF THE A.P.
MODEL4914
r/R FROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
IS THE DISTANCE
ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
MODELDIMENSION
8 IS THE ANGLEMEASUREDFROMTHE TOP OF THE PROPELLER
DISKINA COUNTERCIOCKWISFDIRECTION
LENGTH(LWL) 18.55 FT
V IS THE SHIPSPEED
BEAM 3 36 FT Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
(NORMAL
COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
DRAFT 1 05 FT IN THE ASTERNDIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 0 860 TONSF W. Vt IS THE TANGENTIAL COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
ANDIS POSITIVEIN THE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
PROPELLERDIAMETER . 700 FT Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
IS POSITIVETOWARDTHE SHAFTCENTERLINE
SPEED 3.97 KT
Vtr COMPONENT
IS THE TRANSVERSE OF THE WATERVELOCITY
ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF V andV
TEST7 t r
MAY1962 THEVECTORSHOWNINTHE DIAGRAMIS IN THE DIRECTIONOF Vtr

WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
MPOSITION
Vx/V Vt/V Vr/V
101 0 584 0 0 112

102 0 692 -0 160 0 120
103 0 867 -0174 0 074
104 0 961 -0 164 0 017
105 0 969 -0 157 0038
10 0 960 -0 107 0 078
107 0 934 0 016 0 119
108 0 844 0 082 0098
109 0 718 0 0 064
201 0 612 0 -0026
202 0 847 -0 120 -0075
203 0 927 -0 106 -0 075
204 0 933 -0132 -0020
205 0 938 -0 123 0 M44
206 0 947 -0 083 0 090
207 0 940 -0.028 0 112
208 0 941 0 013 0 117
209 0 800 0 0 44
301 0 538 0 -0 037
302 0 785 -0110 -0 094
303 0 900 -0 107 -0 092
3M 0 940 -0130 -0 018
305 0 932 -0112 0 039
306 0 943 -0079 0 086
307 0 939 -0030 0 112
308 0 942 0 011 0 117
309 0 807 0 0 07
401 0 469 0 -0048
402 0 733 -0100 -0 110
403 0 840 -0 114 -0 097
404M 0 924 -0 132 -0 013
405 0 930 -0109 0 038
406 0 946 -0076 0 081
407 0 940 -0 033 0 109
408 0 947 -0 011 0 130
409 0 999 0 --
I I I I I I I I II I I I ~i
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEINA PLANEWHICHIS
VELOCITYSURVEY
INWAYOF THE PROPELLER PERPENDICULARTO THE CENTERLINEOF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
AE-21 ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTLINEAT A POINT12.74 FT FWDOF THE
MODEL4521 A.P. THE DUMMY HUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE.
r/R IS THEDISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
MODELDIMENSIONS ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLER
RADIUS(R)
0 IS THE ANGLEMEASURED
FROMTHETOP OF THE PROPELLER
LENGTH
(LWL), 19.28 FT DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V IS THE SHIPSPEED
BEAM 2.88 FT
Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL
(NORMAL
TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
DRAFT 1.06 FT COMPONENT OFTHE WATERVELOCITY
AND IS POSITIVE
IN THE ASTERNDIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 0.966 TONSF W.
Vt IS THE TANGENTIALCOMPONENT
OF THE WATERVELOCITY
ANDIS POSITIVEINTHE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0. 860 FT
Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
SPEED 4.25 KT IS POSTIVE TOWARD
THE SHAFTCENTERLINE
Vtr IS THE TRANSVERSE
COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
TEST0 ANDIS THEVECTORSUMOF V ad V
t r
JANUARY
1959
THE VECTORSHOWNINTHE DIAGRAMIS IN THE DIRECTION
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSEITION Vx/V Vt/V Vr/V

NUMBER
101 0 500 0 0 180

102 0 500 -0 007 0 182
103 0 510 0 005 0 174
104 0 530 0 051 0 10
105 0 530 0 057 0 057
106 0 490 0 033 0 042
107 0 480 0 0 080
108 0 530 0 008 0 134
109 0 520 0 127 0 127
110 0 450 0 082 0 059
111 0 41 0 039 -0 031
112 0 00 0 053 -0 013
113 0 20
0 42 0 -0 020
201 0 530 0 0 140
202 0 560 -0 043 0 127
203 0.580 -0 025 0 10
204 0 590 -0051 0 052
205 0 620 -0106 0 022
206 o 700 -o168 0 032
207 0 890 -0180 0 070
208 0 900 -0 132 0 111
209 0 890 -0 092 0 149
210 0 840 -0 OlS 0 187
211 0 600 0 103 0079
212 0 460 0 102 -0 4M2
213 0 340 -0 040
301 0 540 0 0 070
302 0 600 -0 072 0 061
303 0 630 -0 072 0 040M
3M04 0 690 -0 135 -0 014
305 0 780 -O 198 -004M2
306 0 880 -0 196 -0019
307 0 920 -0 160 0 050
308 0 930 -0 106 000986
309 0 930 -0085 0 113
310 0 920 -0 M48 0 123
311 0 890 -0017 0 140
312 0 790 -o001 0 161
313 0 380 O 0 180
401 0 540 0 -O 030
402 0 640 -0 122 -0.004
403 0 690 -0 124 0 01
404 0 750 -0 164 -0 044
405 0 820 -0191 -0M343
406 0 890 -0 192 -0 007
407 0 920 -O 150 060
408 0 930 -0093 0 100
409 0 930 -0 071 0 113
410 0 930 -0 M043 0 114
411 0 930 -O 031 0 116
412 900 -0 026 0 117
413 0 690 0 0.130
""-"r" ~*I-
- ----- lr r I- -- ,-------
r/R FROMTHEPROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
IS THE DISTANCE
VELOCITYSURVEY
INWAYOFTHEPROPELLER AS A RATIOOFTHEPROPELLERRADIUS(R)
CARGOSHIP a ISTHE ANGLEMEASUREDFROMTHE TOPOFTHEPROPELLER
MODEL4903 DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V ISTHE SHIPSPEED
MODEL
DIMENSIONS Vx TO THE PLANEOFSURVEY)
(NORMAL
ISTHE LONGITUDINAL
COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVEIN
LENGTH
(LWL) 18 95 FT THE ASTERN
DIRECTION.
Vt ISTHE TANGENTIAL COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
BEAM 2.728 FT ANDIS POSITIVE DIRECTION
IN THE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DRAFT 0.982 FT Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENTOFTHE WATERVELOCITYAND
TOWARDTHE SHAFTCENTERLINE
IS POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT 0.791 TONSF W. Vtr IS THE TRANSVERSE
ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF V AND V
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0.800 FT r
THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THE DIAGRAMIS INTHE DIRECTION
OF Vtr
SPEED 3.91 KT WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TEST - THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICHIS

PERPENDICULAR TO THE CENTERLINE
OF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
AUGUST
1962 ANDINTERSECTS THE SHAFTCENTERLINE1.67 FT AFTOF
STATION19-1/2
TABLE OFCOMPONENT
RATIOS
'POSITION
NUMBER V, V V V V1 V
1
101 0.310 0 0 15
102 0.335 -0043 0 11
103 0 405 -0 047 0 08
104 0 595 -0114 0 09
105 0 709 -0.105 0 12
106 0 795 -0 046 6.16
107 0 750 0 050 0 11
108 0 612 0 122 0 08
109 0.517 0 111 0.02
110 0.417 0 -002
201 0 325 o 0.15
202 0 456 -0.105 0.06
203 0 625 -0 133 001
204 0.872 -0 163 -0 01
205 0 908 -0116 0.05
206 0 910 -0.074 009
207 0 915 -0 025 0 10
208 0 883 0 048 0 13
209 0 739 0 131 0 10
210 0 504 0 0 03
301 0 293 0 0 12
302 0.510 -0.144 04
303 0.738 -0 171 -0.03
304 0 881 -0 145 -0.01
305 0 912 -0 109 0 05
306 0.931 -0 059 0.09
307 0 917 -0 018 0 09
308 0 913 -0 002 0 09
309 0 912 000 0 08
310 0 909 0 0 11
401 0.280 0 0 06
402 0 575 -0.153 -002
403 0.743 -0.163 -0.05
404 0.841 -0 137 0.01
405 0.907 -0 098 0 06
406 0 925 -0.054 0.08
407 0 918 -0.016 0.09
408 0.911 -0.02 0.08
409 0.926 0 010 0.08
410 0.917 0 0.07
4 1 I r I I I I I I I I Sr --
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEINA PLANEWHICHIS
INWAYOFTHE PROPELLER
VELOCITYSURVEY
PERPENDICULARTO THE CENTERLINE
CARGO ANDINTERSECTS THESHAFTCENTERLINE 13.53 FT FWDOF THE A.P
MODEL4933 (q OF RUDDERSTOCK).
r/R IS THEDISTANCEFROMTHEPROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
MODELDIMENSIONS ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS
(R)
FROMTHE TOP OF THE PROPELLER
LENGTH(LWL) 20 50 FT DISKINA COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V IS THESHIPSPEED
BEAM 3.01 FT
Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL(NORMAL
DRAFT 1.15 FT COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POHITIVE
IN
THEASTERNDIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 1 136 TONSF W Vt IS THETANGENTIALCOMPONENTOFTHE WATERVELOCITY
ANDI POSITIVEINTHE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0 861 FT
ISTHE RADIALCOMPONENT OFTHE WATERVELOCITYAND
r IS POSITIVETOWARD
THE SHAFTCENTERLINE
SPEED 3 97 KT
Vt r IS THETRANSVERSECOMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITY
TEST13 ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF V andV
t r
JUNE1963 THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THEDIAGRAMIS IN THE DIRECTION
OF Vtr,
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUAL TOVtrV
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION V /V VtV V/V

NUMBER Vr/V
101 0 425 0 0 160

105R
102 0 435 0 001 0 158
103 0 449 0 017 0 155
104 0 463 0 032 0 134
105 0 574 -0009 0 052
106 0 636 -0026 0 080
107 0 608 0 026 0 089
108 0 522 0077 0 0
109 0 494 0074 -0 027
110 0 431 0 04 -0 035
111 0 387 0 -0 032
201 0 419 0 0 100
30R 202 0 477 -0 077 0 96
203 0 557 -0 080 0 068
204 0 672 -0103 0 028
205 0 823 -0170 0 020
206 0 892 -0134 0 060
207 0 880 -0081 0 113
208 0 770 0 005 0 145
209 0 557 0 075 0 077
210 0 419 0 071 009
211 0 320 0 -0 021
301 0 434 0 0 028
302 0 482 - 097 0 027
303 0 603 -0114 0 002
304 0 757 -0144 -0 029
305 0 882 -0149 004
306 0.894 -0110 0 056
307 0 899 -0042 0 076
308 0 914 -0035 0 074
309 0 910 -0011 0 077
310 0 894 0 058 0 106
311 0 590 0 0 M44
401 0 359 0 -0 027
402 0 418 -0 105 -0025
403 0 546 -0 129 -0029
404 0 740 -0 148 -0 48
405 0 852 -0 138 0 016
406 0 897 -0091 0 067
407 0 902 -0052 0 076
408 0 895 -0022 0 070
49 0 908 -0003 0 65
410 0 899 0 007 0 058
411 0 906 0 0 058
rrnr~rrirranutnnn~~ -= I- -----I^~Y- -- ii
-- -- ------ 10111
"
r/R ISTHE DISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED

VELOCITYSURVEY
INWAYOFTHE PROPELLER ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS
(R)
CARGOSHIP ISTHE ANGLE FROMTHE TOP OF THE PROPELLER
MEASURED
0
MODEL 4986 DIRECTION.
DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE
V IS THE SHIPSPEED
MODEL
DIMENSIONS TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
(NORMAL
V IS THE LONGITUDINAL
COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVEIN
LENGTH
(LWL) 21.01 FT THE ASTERNDIRECTION.
Vt IS THE TANGENTIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
BEAM 3.19 FT ANDIS POSITIVEINTHE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION.
DRAFT 1.05 FT Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
IS POSITIVETOWARD
THE SHAFTCENTERLINE.
DISPLACEMENT 1.04 TONSF W
Vtr COMPONENT
ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF V AND V,
DIAMETER
PROPELLER 0.875 FT t
THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THE DIAGRAMIS INTHE DIRECTIONOF V
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TEST3 THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICHIS
AUGUST
1964 PERPENDICULARTO THE CENTERLINE
ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTCENTERLINE8.1 FT FORWARD
OF STATION
20
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION Vx/V Vt/V Vr/V

NUMBER
101 0.392 0 0.081

102 0.400 -0.021 0.080
103 0.436 -0.032 0.075
104 0.460 -0.026 0.067
105 0.494 -0.030 0.054
106 0 537 -0.028 0.036
107 0 626 -0.065 0.047
108 0 746 -0088 0.090
109 0.795 -0.034 0.132
Z7 FT 110 0 692 0 062 0 116
111 0 622 0.092 0.082
112 0 590 0.098 0 068
113 0 541 0 110 0.048
114 0 456 0 104 0 035
115 0 409 0 0.029
201 0 415 0 0.063
202 0.443 -0063 0 059
203 0.517 -0072 0 045
204 0.558 -0.071 0.033
205 0 616 -0.078 0.017
206 0 676 -0.100 0.002
207 0 882 -0 149 -0.004
208 0 928 -0 115 0.040
209 0.920 -0072 0.085
210 0 921 -0027 0.103
211 0 921 0.001 0 115
212 0.904 0045 0 136
213 0 811 0.104 0.130
214 0 605 0 136 0 087
215 0 496 0 0 062
301 0 419 0 0 017
302 0 433 -0066 0 015
303 0 524 -0087 0 009
304 0 611 -0.100 -0003
305 0 663 -0.113 -0011
306 0.754 -0 132 -0.028
307 0 905 -0.139 -0011
308 0 903 -0106 0051
309 0.931 -0.064 0 084
310 0 921 -0022 0 096
311 0.921 -0MO4 0.096
312 0.8923 0 005 0.097
313 0.923 0.016 0.093
314 0 934 0.055 0.086
315 0 829 0 0 068
401 0.311 0 -0 027
402 0 444 -0090 -0.023
403 0 490 -0103 -0.028
404 0 567 -0120 -0.027
405 0 649 -0134 -0.035
406 0 756 -0143 -0 040
407 0 881 -0130 0 003
408 0 923 -0092 0 063
409 0 934 -0051 0 084
410 0 934 -0012 0 089
411 0 932 0 002 0 089
412 0 931 0 009 0 089
413 0.932 0 017 0 090
414 0.929 0 022 0 087
415 0.932 0 0.084
I II I I I II I III -L-
VELOCITYSURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER r/R IS THE DISTANCE
FROMTHE PROPELLER AXIS (r) EXPRESSED
ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
S IS THF ANGLEMEASURED
MODEL5000 DISKINA COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V IS THE SHIPSPEED.
MODELDIMENSIONS
Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
(NORMAL
IN
LENGTH
(LWL) 18.38 FT THE ASTERN DIRECTION
BEAM Vt IS THE TANGENTIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY

2.680 FT ANDIS POSITIVEINTHE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
DRAFT 0 938 FT Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
IS POSITIVETOWARD
THE SHAFTCENTERLINE
Vtr COMPONENT
PROPELLERDIAMETER ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF V ANDV
0 748 FT t r
SPEED THE VECTORSHOWN

IN THEDIAGRAM IS IN THE DIRECTION
OF Vtr
4.11 KT
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TEST5 THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADE IN A PLANEWHICHIS
AUGUST
1964 PERPENDICULAR TO THE CENTERLINE
AND INTERSECTSTHE SHAFTCENTERLINE1 7 FT AFTOF
STATION19-1/2
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION V V VtV Vr/V

NUMBER V V
101 0 42 0 0.09
102 0.47 -0 06 0 08
103 0 51 -0 05 0 07
104 0 54 -0 05 0 06
105 0 57 -0 06 0.06
106 0 75 -0 12 0 06
107 0 80 -0 10 0 12
108 0 85 -0.05 0 16
109 0 75 0 06 0 14
110 0 63 0 11 0 10
111 0 5
052 0 12 0 07
112 0.50 0 0 06
201 0 0 0 09
202 0.47 -006 0 08
203 0 51 -0.05 0.07
204 0.54 -005 0 06
205 0 57 -0 06 0.06
206 0 75 -012 0.06
207 0 80 -0 10 0 12
208 0.85 -005 0 16
209 0 75 0 06 0.14
210 0 90 008 0 13
211 0 77 0 17 0 11
212 0 50 0 0.06
301 0 41 0 0.02
302 0 51 -0 06 0
303 0 60 -0.09 -0.02
304 0 67 -012 -0 03
305 0 75 -0 13 -0.04
306 0 92 -0 14 -0.01
307 0 94 -0 10 0 06
308 0 94 -0.06 0 09
309 0 94 -0 01 0 10
310 0 94 0 02 0 09
311 0 95 0 05 0.08
312 0 83 0 0.20
401 0 40 0 -0 02
402 0 54 -0.08 -0.02
403 0 58 -0 09 -0 02
404 0 65 -0 11 -0 04
405 0 71 -0 13 -005
406 0.89 -0 14 0
407 0 94 -0 09 0 07
408 0 94 -0 05 0 10
409 0.94 0 0 10
410 0 94 0.02 0 09
411 0 94 0 04 0 09
412 0.94 0 0.08
--
L1 --I 'I II - ~1.
--
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICHIS
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER
VELOCITYSURVEY PERPENDICULARTO THE CENTERLINE OF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
AFS ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTLINE3.18 FT FWDOF THE A P
MODEL4831 f/R IS THE DISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
AS A RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
DMSENMONS
MODEL 0 FROMTHETOPOF THEPROPELLER
IS THE ANGLEMEASURED
DIRECTION
LENGTH(LWL) 19 98 FT V IS THESHIPSPEED
BEAM 2.97 FT Vx ISTHE LONGITUDINAL(NORMALTO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)

COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVEIN
DRAFT 0 97 FT THEASTERNDIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 0.912 TONSF W. DIRECTION
ANDIS POSITIVE
DIAMETER
PROPELLER 0 755 FT Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
IS POSITIVETOWARDTHE SHAFTCENTERLINE
SPEED 3 88 KT Vtr IS THE TRANSVERSE
COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITY
t r
TEST8
THE VECTORSHOWNINTHE DIAGRAM
IS IN THE DIRECTION
OF Vtr
AUGUST
1960 WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vr/V
RATIOS
TABLEOF COMPONENT
101 0 368 0 0 102

102 0 371 -0015 0 114
103 0 414 -0 046 0 08
104 0 670 -0 122 0 038
105 0 895 -0 101 0 067
106 0 871 -0076 0 115
107 0 784 0 015 0 158
108 0 682 0098 0110
109 0 535 0 0
201 0 327 0 0 107
202 0 452 -0078 0 037
203 0 617 -0 122 -0008
204 0 850 -0139 -0 024
205 0 925 -0089 0 049
206 0 872 -0077 0 085
207 0 883 -0027 0 112
208 0 931 0 008 0 105
209 0 593 0 0 034
301 0 407 0 0 052
302 0 549 -0 109 000
303 0 662 -0 123 -0 028
304 0 819 -0 112 -0015
305 0 914 -0 091 0.038
306 0 882 -0 074 0 070
307 0 893 -0 034 0 100
308 0 904 -0011 0 099
309 0 838 0 -0094
401 0 298 0 -0005
402 0 441 -0108 -0030
403 0 605 -0 113 0 020
404 0 749 -0098 0 024
405 0 890 -0 070 0 046
406 0 914 -0041 0075
407 0 908 - 004 0 084
408 0 897 0 007 0 082
409 0 938 0 0 058
I I I _ ~
VELOCITYMIRVEY
INWAYOF THE PROPELLER THE VELOCITYMEASUPEMENTS WEREMADE iN A PLANEWHICHI
PERPENDICULARTO THE CENTERLIEOF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
CARGO ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTLINEATA POINT11FT FWDOFSTA 20.
MOEL 3717 r/R IS THE DISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
AB A RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
MOEL DIMENSIONS S 1 THE ANGLEMEASUREDFROMTHE TOP OF THE PROPELLER
DIRECTION
LNGTRH(LWL) 20.035 FT V IS THE SHIPSPEED
BEM 2.86 FT V THELONGITUDINAL(NOAL L TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVEIN
DRAFT 1. 20 FT THEASTERNDIRECTION
Vt I THETANGENTIAL COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
DISPLACEMENT 1 244 TONSF.W. ANDIS POSITIVEIN THE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0.853 FT Vr IS THERADIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
IS POSITIVETOWARD
THE SHAFTCENTERLINE
SPED 3.40 KT
Vtr IS THE RANSVERSE OF THE WATERVELOCITY
COMPONENT
AND18THEVECTORSUMOF V ad V
t r
TEST4
THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THE DIAGRAM
IS IN THE DIRECTIONOF Vtr
JULY1955 WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vr/V
RATIOS
TABLEOF COMPONENT
POSITION VV vV
NUMBER V V
101 0.356 0.052

102 0 383 -0.028
103 0.481 -0 021
104 0.561 -0.031
100 0 678 -0.073
106 0 704 -0.042
107 0.558 0 049
108 0 425 0.091
109 0 303 0.080
110 0.269 0.049
111 0 4O6 -0.042
112 0 586 0.007
D 0 582 00
114 0.533 0.063
115 0.512 0 028
116 0.471 0 031
HIo 0 310 0.038
20O 0.523 -I 09
203 0 45 -0 101
204 0.83 -0.164
-314 20 0 9m -0 143
20 0.927 -0 104
207 0 916 -0.063
208 0.812 007
209 0 245 -0.014
210 0.739 -0.008
211 0.908 -0 007
212 0.937 0.05
21 0.864 o 143
214 0 833 0.185
215 0 641 0 136
216 0.544 0 04
301 0.262 -0.031
302 0.613 -0 122
303 0.725 -0.148
304 0 892 -0.160
12 305 0 941 -0 125
306 0.044 -0 098
307 0 941 -0 63
308 0 927 -0 049
309 0700 -0 045
310 0 927 -0.042
311 0 941 0
312 0 941 0.052
313 0 916 0.10
314 0 96 0.146
315 0.722 0.174
318 0.579 0.136
401 0.248 -0 063
402 0 550 -0.120
403 0 739 -0.153
404 0.889 -0.146
405 0.927 -0.108
406 0.927 -0.087
407 0 923 -0 052
408 0 930 -0.050
409 0.453 -0.052
410 0.937 -0.030
411 0.927 0
412 0.916 0.045
413 0.913 0.078
414 0. 94 0.108
415 0.739 0 181
416 0.550 0.100
87
___~~_~~__~~ , _ ----- -- -----

Yl~n~r~ -~-L
~"~=~.*"""ll~~
I I II l I 11[
ll - 5 -[ |lll ,j6 i Mliimll,
1ii 1iI hi,
THE VELOCTY MEASUREMENS WUE MADED A PLANEWHICH

IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER
SURVEY
VELOCITY PERPENDICULARTO THE CEITERLI OF THE PROPELLERHEART
CARGOSHIP ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTLINEATA POINT6.323 FT FWDOF THE
A.P.
MODEL35801
rIR U THEDITANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXS (r)XPRSE
MODELDIMEMIDMS AM A RATIOOFTHE PROPELLERRADIS (R)
0 1ST E ANGLEMEASURE FROMTHE P OF THE PROPELLR
LWGTH (LWL) 20.00 FT DISKI A COUNTERCLOCKWISEDIRECTION
I .
V IS THE SHIP BPE
BEAN 2.787 FT
Vz IS THE IONGTIDIAL (NORMAL TO THEPLANEOF SURVEY)
DRAFT 1.262 FT COMPON OF T E WATER VELOCI AI 0TFOOYVE
DI THE AfTERNDIRCTION.
bISPLACEMENT HEAVY V, COMPMIIT OF I WATE VELOCITY
I THE TANGENTIAL
AM 1 OIVE N THECOUWfrRCLDCKWUE DIRECTION.
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0.922 FT V, COMPO T OFTHEWATE VELOCYR AM
RADIAL
3.40 KT
SPOWTIEM ]RAIP CETIIImE.
TOWARD TEX
SPEE
Vtr TE TRAVE COMONET Or TE WATm VELOCYr
TEST25 ANDU THE VECTORUMOF Vtm V r .
MAY1055 THEVECTOR m
sNOWN I THEDIAGRAM IATKE DmEO Or Vtr
A MANITUDE QUALTO Vtr/V
rITH
TABLEOF COMPONENTRATIOS
POITION Vx/V Vt/V Vr/V

NUMBER Vr/V
101 0 31o 0.054 0.168

102 0.297 -0.012 0.161
103 0.474 -0.040 0.074
104 0.50 -0.079 0.023
105 0.638 -0.120 0.058
106 0.791 -0.104 0.108
107 0.672 0.010 0.133
108 0.431 0 118 -0 002
109 0 3553 0 076 -0.071
110 0.319 -0 m01 -0.027
111 0.469 -0.060 0.065
112 0.088 0 0O1 0.153
113 0 6538 0 110 0 127
114 0.47 0.085 0.060
115 0.471 0.031 0.067
116 0.434 -0010 0 085
201 0.260 0 014 0.047
202 0.410 -0.062 0.038
203 0.600 -0.120 -0087
204 0.806 -0.173 -0.041
205 0.873 -0.150 -0.00
205 0.911 -0.124 0.o06
207 0.914 -0.088 0.10
208 0 785 0.012 0.151
209 0.254 0.048 -0.039
210 0 SOS -0.080 0 140
211 0 914 0 0.130
212 0 919 0.070 0.121
213 0.893 0.125 0.095
214 0.802 0.180 0.061
215 0.624 0.181 0.035
216 0.514 0.131 0.036
301 0.143 0.051 -0.048
302 0 480 -0 132 -0.039
303 0.64 -0.140 -0.071
304 0.808 -0.181 -0056
305 0.895 -0 122 0.011
306 0.24 -0.102 0.06MO0
307 0.924 -0.078 0.078
308 0.908 -0.067 0.110
309 0.850 -0.0o5 --
310 0.920 -0.0O4 0 IN
311 0.925 0 0.120
312 0.933 0.051 0.121
313 0.912 0.119 0.159
314 0.783 0.176 0.070
315 0.648 0.190 0.024
316 0.517 0.162 -0.004
* II I I I I I -II II -- a~-
- -1101111wil
MEASUREMES WEREMADEINA PLANEWHICH0

THE VELOCFTY
VELOCITY IN WAYOFTHEPROPELLER
SURVEY PERPENDICULARTOTHECENTERLINE OFTE PROPELLER SHAFT
CARGO THESHAFTLINEAT A POINT6.323 FT FWDOFTHE
ANDINTERSECTS
A.P.
MODEL
3801
rR FROMTHEPROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESD
1 THEDISTANCE
MODELDIMIENSIN ASA RATIO
OFTHE PROPELLER
RADIUS
(R)
0 B THE ANGLEMEASUREDFROMTHE TOPOF THEPROPELLER
LENGTH(LWL) 20.000 FT DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V IS THESHIPSPEED
EAM 2.787 FT
Vz I THELO4rGTUDINAL TO THEPLANEOF SURVET)
(NORMAL
DRAFT 1.262 FT COMPONIMT OFTE WATERVELOCITYAD IS POSITIVE
IN TE ASTERNDIRECTION.
DISPLACEMENT LIGHT Vt TWmTAIMTIAL COIPONMTOFTE WATERVELOCITY
DIRECTION.
AND POSTIVEIN THE COUNTERCLOCEWE
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0.922FT
V, THE ADIAL COMPONT OF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
SPEED 3.81 KT U POSITIVE
TOWARDTMESHAFTCENT IE.
Vtr VELOC
U THETRAVERSE COMPONNTOF THE WATER
TEST28 AND THE VECTO SUMOF Vt Vr
IN THE DIAGRAM
U IN THEDIRECTION
OFVtr
EQUALTO V/V
WITHA MAGNITUDE
TABLEOFCOMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION
P BITIOERVx/V Vt/V Vr/V
101 0.300 0.041 0 189

102 0.313 -0 015 0.162
103 0 457 -0.020 0.097
104 0 497 -0.078 0.018
105 0.623 -0 121 0 04
108 0 721 -0.105 0 100
107 0.536 0.032 0 085
108 0.350 0.100 -0.010
100 0 223 04M9 -0.045
110 0 281 -0 055 -0 040
111 0.421 -0.070 0.053
112 0 615 0 008 0.134
113 0 536 0.126 0.130
114 0.444 0.079 -0.0 0
115 0 452 0 31 0 85
116 0.468 0.042 0 115
201 0.252 0.006 0.049
202 0.486 -0 107 0 013
203 0.02 -0.1300 -0.028
204 0.763 -0 170 -0 034
205 0 883 -0 199 -0.007
208 0.915 -0.140 0 050
207 0.915 - 093 0.100
208 0.M42 0.046 0.120
209 0.215 0.0 -0.030
210 0.763 -0.090 0.131
211 0.918 0 005 0.132
212 0.913 0.075 0.130
213 0.863 0.113 0.077
214 0 755 0 159 0 070
215 0.597 0.168 0.041
218 0.51 0 134 0.032
301 0.179 -0 34 -0 073
302 0 476 -0.137 -o0.05
3O3 0.634 -0. 10 -0 008
304 0 807 -0 159 -0.051
305 0.907 -0.143 0.021
306 0.931 -0.114 0.050
307 0.928 -0.089 0.001
300 0.891 -0.061 0.123
300 0.875 -0.055 --
310 0.923 -0.03 0.128
311 0.928 0 0.110
312 0.928 0.055 0.116
313 0906 0.11 O.100
314 0.800 0.180 0.080
315 0.819 0.198 0.025
316 0.534 0.169 -0.013
r I I --- ~ w..
-------
VELOCITYSURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICHIS
CARGO
SHIP
ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTATA POINT3.95 FT FWDOF STA20.
MODEL4648 THE DUMMY HUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE.
MODELDIMENSIONS r/R S THEDISTANCE FROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED

AS A RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS
(R)
LENGTH(LWL) 19.73 FT SIS THE ANGLEMEASUREDFROMTHE TOP OF THE PROPELLER
DIRECTION
BEAM 2.67 FT V ISTHE SHIPSPEED
DRAFT 1.16 FT Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL
(NORMAL
COMPONENT OFTHE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
IN
DISPLACEMENT 1.101 TONSF.W. THEASTERN DIRECTION.
Vt IS THETANGENTIAL COMPONENTOF THEWATERVELOCITY
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0. 872 FT ANDIS POSITIVEIN THE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
SPEED Vr ISTHERADIALCOMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
3.54 KT
IS POSITIVE
TEST0 Vtr COMPONENT

ANDISTHE VECTORSUMOF V andV
MAY1958 t r
THE VECTORSHOWNINTHE DIAGRAMIS IN THE DIRECTIONOF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION
NUMBER Vx/V Vt/V Vr/V
101 0 437 0 0 139

102 0 446 -0007 0 113
103 0 507 -0019 0 080
104 0 548 -0050 0 053
105 0 676 -0087 0 095
106 0 673 -0 048 0 141
107 0 601 0 06 0 079
108 0 493 0 083 -0 003
109 0 381 0 -0 065
201 0.408 0 0 103
202 0 545 -0057 0 072
203 0 644 -0 102 0 00
204 0 806 -0 162 0 004
205 0 914 -0 146 0 045
206 0 922 -0 107 0 101
207 0 860 -0021 0 150
208 0 617 0 075 0 077
209 0 378 0 -0071
301 0 422 0 0 078
302 0 622 -0 107 0 020
303 0 745 -0 151 -o042
304 0.856 -o 169 -0009
305 0 937 -0 133 0 038
306 0 942 -0 094 0 083
307 0 939 -0 053 0 109
308 0.910 0 006 0 125
309 0 464 0 -0011
401 0 361 0 0 011
402 0 653 -0 130 -0 049
403 0 777 -0 160 -0 065
404 0 876 -0 155 -0 U06
405 0 895 -0 128 0 61
406 0.931 -0 081 0 093
407 0 937 -0038 0.107
408 0 957 -0 020 0 100
409 0 828 0 0 150
_ I II I I I 1
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICHIS
VELOCITY IN WAYOFTHEPROPELLER
SURVEY PERPENDICULARTOTHECENTERLINE OFTHEPROPELLERSHAFT
CARGO ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTAT STA191/2.
MODEL4710-1 r/R IS THE DISTANCE
FROMTHEPROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
AS A RATIOOFTHEPROPELLERRADIUS
(R)
MODELDIMENSIONS 8 IS THEANGLEMEASUREDFROMTHETOP OFTHE PROPELLER
DIRECTION
LENGTH(LWL) 18.8 FT V IS THESHIPSPEED
BEAM 2 755FT Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL

(NORMAL
IN THEASTERN DIRECTION
DRAFT 1 155FT
Vt IS THE TANGENTIAL OF THEWATERVELOCITY
COMPONENT
DISPLACEMENT 1.057TONSF.W ANDIS POSITIVE
IN THECOUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
PROPELLER
DIAMETER V, IS THERADIALCOMPONENT
OFTHEWATERVELOCITYAND
0 850FT IS POSITIVE
TOWARD
THESHAFTCENTERLINE
SPEED 3 62 KT Vt r COMPONENT
IS THE TRANSVERSE OF THEWATERVELOCITY
t r
TEOB158
THE VECTORSHOWNIN THEDIAGRAMIS IN THEDIRECTION
OFVtr
OCTOBER1958 WITH A MAGNITUDE
EQUALTOVtr/V
RATIOS
TABLEOFCOMPONENT
POSITION Vx/V V/V

NUMBER Vr/V
101
102 0 424 0 016 0.157
103 0 350 -0 072 0 057
104 0 440 -0 144 0 066
105 0 676 -0 148 0 108
10S 0.798 -0 099 0 188
107 0 625 0068 0 156
108 0 438 0 122 0 015
109 0.234 0 0 085
201 0 349 0 0 172
202 0 520 -0 093 0 067
203 0 571 -0 176 -0 062
204 0 840 -0 230 -0011
205 0 876 -0 158 0 059
206 0 845 -0 096 0 101
207 0 883 -0 067 0 135
208 0 858 0 025 0 168
209 0 295 0 -0 013
301 0 297 0 0 021
302 0 620 -0135 -0 027
303 0 730 -0 186 -0 063
304 0 863 -0 203 0 009
305 0 867 139
-0. 0 073
306 0 883 -0 091 0 097
307 0 877 -0.088 0 104
308 0 898 -0.032 0.101
309 0 709 0 o 072
-rnnmun~~rt--
u -- rr~rrrnra -- ~ ---------------
i~~
THEVELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEINA PLANEWHICHIS
VELOCITYSURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER PERPENDICULAR
TO THE CENTERLENEOF THEPROPELLERSHAFT
CARGO ANDINTERSECTS
THE SHAFTAT A POINT12.3 FT FWDOF THE A P.
THE DUMMYHUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE.
MODEL4747
r/R IS THE DISTANCE
FROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRED
MODELDIMENONS AS A RATIOOFTHE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
(LWL)
LENGTH 21 57 FT DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V I THE SHIPSPEED
BEAM 3.32 FT
Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL(NORMAL
DRAFT 1 228 FT COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
INTHE ASTERNDIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 1 532 TONSF.W Vt IS THE TANGENTIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
ANDIS POSITIVEINTHE COUNTERCLOCKWIME
DIRECTION
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0.910 Fr
Vr OF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
I THE RADIALCOMPONENT
SPEED 3.94 KT I POSITIVETOWARD
THESHAFTCENTERLIME
Vt r m THETRAMVERSECOMPONENT
OF THEWATERVELOCITY
TEST6 ANDI THEVECTORSUMOFV dV t r
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
RATIOS
TABLEOF COMPONENT
POSITION Vx V Vr
NUMBER V V
101 0 373 0 0 115

102 0 476 0 013 0 184
103 0 478 0 034 0 080
104 0 421 -0 072 0 011
105 0 675 -0 149 0 108
106 0 745 -0 080 0 153
107 0 519 0 065 0 096
108 0 357 0 077 -0022
109 0 309 0 -0 109
201 0 375 0 0 171
202 0 543 -0096 0 076
203 0 600 -0 162 0 012
204 0 830 -0 251 0 00
205 0 888 -0 178 0 063
206 0 894 -0 119 0 108
207 0 896 -0 073 0 130
208 0 753 0040 0 183
20 o 309 0 o W2
301 0 336 0 0 031
302 0 592 -0 199 - 004M
303 0 741 -0 243 -0043
304 0 865 -0 225 0 022
305 0 885 -0 154 0 077
30 0 897 -0 094 0 107
307 0 900 -0 050 0 111
308 0 915 -0 024 0 94
309 0 912 0 0 92
-I I ii i I I I - r Ilrarraah
r/R IS THEDISTANCE FROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
INWAYOF THE PROPELLER
SURVEY
VELOCITY AS A RATIOOF THEPROPELLERRADIUS(R).
CARGOSHIP 0 IS THE ANGLE FROMTHE TOP OF THE PROPELLER
MEASURED
MODEL4671 DIRECTION
V IS THE SHIPSPEED
MODELDIMENSIONS Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL(NORMALTO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
COMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVEIN
LENGTH
(LWL) 22 72 FT THE ASTERN DIRECTION.
V1 I THETANGENTIAL COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
BEAM 3.23 FT ANDIS POSITIVE
DIRECTION.
DRAFT 1 22 FT Vr ISTHE RADIALCOMPONENTOF THEWATERVELOCITYAND
IS POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT 1.504 TONSF W Vtr I THE TRAMVERSE COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF V ANDV .
t r
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0 012 FT
IN THEDIAGRAM
THE VECTORSHOWN OF Vtr
IS IN THEDIRECTION
SPEED 4 17 KT WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TEST 1THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICHIS

TO THE CENTERLINE
PERPENDICULAR
MAY1963 AND INTERSECTS
THESHAFTLINEAT 1 217 FT AFTOF STA.19-1/2
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION V/V Vt/V Vr/V

ST 20 NUMBER / -
V
I9(l 101 0 26 0 0.16
102 0.24 0.02 0 17
19 103 0 33 0.0 0.20
181/2 , .04 0 31 0.02 0 13
105 0.29 0.04 0.12
2OR
5 40 42 10 0 34 -0.03 0.09
4 10 0 47 -0.04 0.12
SST 0.60 -0.04 0 15

1I 109 0.72 -0 02 0.15
4040R 110 0.71 0 06 0.15
20FT 111 0.59 0.12 0.05
112 0.53 0 11 0
S113 0 50 0.10 -0 03
114
055R 0 45 0.0 -0.06
115 0 44 0 -0 05
0 201 031 0 0 14
030 R 202 0 29 0.04 0 14
203 0 33 -003 0.14
204 0 37 -0.04 0.11
205 0.43 -0 05 0 07
20 0 65 -0.15 004
207 O 84 -0.14 0.02
208 0 87 -012 0.05
209 0.98 -0 09 0 08
210 089 -0 0 11oil
211 0.84 0.04 0 15
212 0.70 0 12 0.10
213 0.58 0.13 0 03
14 0 40 0 09 -0 04
215 ON3 0 -0 0
301 0 32 0 09
302 0 29 -0 03 0.10
0,1" _1 10 303 0 36 -0.08 0.09
SCL FoR. 304 0.49 -0 11 0.04
30S 0.59 -0 13 0 02
508 0.0 -0 15 -0 02
307 o 83 -o13 0.01
EINE 5308 087 -011 0.05
I" Ge,
I IT"' 309 0 88 -o.o o.o8
310 0.89 -0.05 0.09
311 0 88 -002 0.10
312 0.89 -001 0 10
313 0.08 0 07 0 12
314 0.66 019 0 6
315 0 43 0 -0.01
401 0.28 0 0.03
403 0.20 -002 0 05
403 0.31 -0 09 0.02
404 0.48 -0 12 -0 01
405 0 55 -0.14 -0.03
406 0.73 -0 12 -0 03
407 0.78 -0.12 0 05
406 0.88 -0.10 0 05
409 0.90 -00 007
410 0.90 -0.04 0.0
411 0 89 -0.02 0.09
412 0.89 -0.01 0.04
413 0.89 -0.01 0.0o
414 0.87 0 07 0.16
415 0.70 0 0.22
tro-c---
ul---ruur---- ~-- ~-rr 1II1I~"-~1I"
--- _ -- I - I-li~rrr~-
------ -~
THEVELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADE IN A PLANEWHICHI8
SELOCITY
SURVEY
IN WAYOF THEPROPELLER
PERPENDICULAR
TO THE CENTERLINE
CARGO ANDINTERSECTS
THESHAFTLINEATA POINT6 75 FT FWDOF STA
MODEL4730 20 THE DUMMY HUBANDFAIRWATERWEREIN PLACE.
rR IS THE DISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLEPAXIS(r) EXPRESSED

MODELDIMENSIONS AS A RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
a FROMTHETOP OF THE PROPELLER
LENGTH
(LWL) 19 86 FT DIRECTION
BEAM 2 80 FT V IS THESHIPSPEED
(NORMAL
DRAFT 1 120 FT COMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVEIN
THE ASTERNDIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 1 040 TONSF W
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0 862 FT ANDIS POSITIVE
DIRECTION
Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
SPEED 3 60 KT TOWARDTHESHAFTCENTERLINE
IS POSITIVE
Vtr COMPONENT
TEST 7 ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF VI ad V
r
JANUARY
1959
THEVECTORSHOWNIN THE DIAGRAMIS IN THE DIRECTION
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION Vx
NUMBER Vx V Vtt V V/V
101 0 327 0 0 147

102 0 385 -0031 0 113
103 0 432 -0041 0 058
104 0 616 -0142 0 056
105 0 799 -0148 0 105
106 0 830 -0090 0 148
107 0 708 0 032 0 155
108 0 502 0 109 0 074
109 0 346 0 -0 020
201 0 291 0 0 095
202 0 508 -0 106 0 040
203 0 645 -0 162 -0016
204 0 870 -0200 -0001
205 0 893 -0 141 0 071
206 0 917 -0081 0 103
207 0 921 -0029 0 110
208 0 906 0 013 0 120
209 0 493 0 0 018
301 0 301 0 0 022
302 0 547 -0 168 -0022
303 0 746 -0 194 -0061
304 0 859 -0 184 0 014
305 0 907 -0 126 0 085
306 0 909 - 066 0 105
307 0 926 -0017 0 103
308 0 950 0 002 0 095
309 0 509 0 -0 192
"- I I II I I
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADE IN A PLANEWHICHIS
VELOCITYSURVEY
INWAYOF THE PROPELLER PERPENDICULAR TOTHECENTERLINEOF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
CARGO ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTLINEATA POINT1.11 FT FWDOF STA
MODEL4358W-
1 20. BILGEKEELS,RUDDERSHOE,DUMMY HUBANDFAIRWATER
WEREIN PLACE.
MODELDIMENUDIU r/R IS THE DISTANCE
FROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRSED
ASA RATIOOFTHE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
LENGTH(LWL) 21.84 FT 0 FROMTHE TOPOF THE PROPELLER
IS THEANGLEMEASURED
DISKINA COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
BEAM 3.14 FT V IS THESHIPSPEED
DRAFT 1.12 FT Vx IS TE LONGITUDINAL (NORMAL
TO TH PLNE OF SURVEY)
COMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT 1.281 TONSF.W. IN THE ASTERNDIRECTION.
Vt 18THETANGENTIAL OF THEWATERVELOCITY
COMPONENT
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0.910 FT ANDIS POSITIVEIN THECOUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
SPEED 4.07 Et V, OF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
IS THERADIALCOMPONENT
IS POBITIVETOWARD
THESHAFTCENTERLINE
TEST8 Vt r 18THE EANOVERSE
ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF V samV
JANUARY
1951 t r
THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THEDIAGRAM IS IN THEDIRECTION
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION V/V t/V

NUMBER V/V VV V/V
101 0 284 0 0 09
102 0.480 -0 01 0 055
103 0.883 -0 148 0.051
104 0 823 -0.144 0 083
105 0.858 -0 082 0.130
10 0 893 0 035 0 141
107 0 381 0 -0 040
201 0 338 0 0.075
202 0 663 -0 154 -0 015
203 0.858 -0.155 -0 020
204 0 892 -0.110 0 01
205 0.894 -0 070 0.087
20 0.896 -0.028 0 095
207 0 447 0 -0.004
301 0.328 0 -0 029
302 0.707 -0.171 -0059
303 0.843 -0.129 -0 021
304 0.893 -0 098 0.035
305 0 900 -0 080 0 082
306 0 901 -0.02 0 076
107 0 853 0 0.112
*r~r~~ I -r -- 1 --
_lol Iiillklllll ,
II1l
THEVELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADE IN A PLANEWHICHI

VELOCITY
SURVEY
DI WAYOF THE PROPELLER PERPENDICULARTOTHECENTERLINEOF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
CARGO THESHAFTLINEATA POINT 5.78 FT FWDOFSTA
ANDINTERSECTS
20. BILGEKEELS, DUMMYHUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE.
MODEL4358W-2
r/R IS THE DISTANCE
FROMTHE PROPELLERAXE (r) EXPRSED
MODELDIMENSIONS ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS
(R)
S IS THE ANGLEMEASURED
LENTH (LWL) 21.60 FT DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V IS THE SHIP SPEED
BEAM 3.14 FT
V, IS THE LONGITUDINAL
(NORMALTO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
DRAFT COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYANDI POSITIVE
IN
1 11 FT
THEASTERNDIRECTION.
DISPLACEMENT 1.283TONSF.W. Vt IS THE TANGENTIAL COMPONENTOF THEWATERVELOCITY
ANDIS POSITIVEIN THE COUNTERCLOCEWISE
DIRECTION
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0.910FT
vr S THE RADIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
SPEED IS POSITIVETOWARD
THE SHAFTCENTERLINE.
4.07 KT
TEST 13 ANDIS THEVECTORSUMOF V 6a V .
t r
FEBRUARY1951 THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THE DIAGRAMS IN THE D(RECTION
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO VtrV
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS

NUMBER
101 0 218 0 0.000
102 0 426 -0 081 0.058
103 0 638 -0 152 0 047
104 0.799 -0.15 0.081
105 0.850 -0.098 0 138
106 0 757 0 029 0 ISO
107 0 3380 0 0.00
201 0.246 0 0.O48
202 0.615 -0 170 -0.024
203 0.644 -0.182 -0 007
204 0 886 -0 125 0.043
205 0 897 -0 080 0.073
206 0 889 -0.045 0.008
207 0 471 0 0 070
301 0 285 0 -0.031
302 0 690 -0 191 -0.602
303 0 846 -0 148 -0 019
304 0 895 -0 110 0.043
305 0 900 -0 067 0.070
36 0.904 -0 033 0 081
37 0.863 0 0.104
d I I II III I Ilbnnn~
__ I ~_
~ _~ I IX
THEVELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADEINA PLANEWHICHIS

VELOCITYSURVEY PERPENDICULAR OF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
TO THE CENTERLINE
ANDINTERSLCTS TIlESHAFTLINEATA POINT4 FT FWDOF STA 20
CARGO BILGE KEELS, DUMMYHUBAND FAIRWATLR WEREIN PLACE
r R IS THE DISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r EXPRESSED
ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLER RADIUS(R)
MODEL
DIMENSIONS IS THE ANGLE MEASUREDFROMTHE TOP OF THE PROPELLER
DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE DIRECTION
LENGTH
(LWL) 21 65 FT
V ISTHE SHIPSPEED
BEAM 3 14 FT Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL
DRAFT 1 12 FT INTHE ASTERNDIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 1 283TONSF W Vt IS THE TANGENTIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY

DIRECTION
ANDIS POSITIVE
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0 910FT Vr ISTHE RADIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
TOWARDTHESHAFTCENTERLINE
IS POSITIVE
SPEED 4.07 KT
4.07 KT _SPEED Vtr ISTHE TRANSVERSE
TEST15 ANDIS THEVECTORSUMOFV andV,t
APRIL 1951 THEVECTORSHOWNIN THE DIAGRAM OF Vtr

IS IN THE DIRECTION
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
RATIO
TABLEOF COMPONENT
POITION VV Vt/V Vr/V

NUMBER
101 0 275 0 0 075

25FT WL
102 0 375 -0 055 0 072
N12
1053 0 465 -0 078 0 MO
N 1 0104 0 701 -0 159 0 44
105 0 862 -0 137 083
302 OR
130
t06 0885 - 079 0121
\I0HS30 107 0 817 0024 0 175
108 0 413 0 0
20FT01 201 0 85 0 0066
2
07R 202 0 480 -0 133 0 029
3 203 0 58 -0 164 -0 028
0 858 -0158 -0014
ST I104
205 0 895 -0 106 0 039
206 0 889 -0 065 0 O9
102 41R
207 0 901 -0 036 0 93
103
I5
208 0 594 0 0 00
FT 301 0 282 0 -o025
302 0 520 -0 160 -0041
30H 0 706 -0 176 -0 05
304 0 846 -0 139 -0 012
305 0 89 -0 103 0 059
9* 305
306 910 -0 @57 0.069
IOFT. 30 0 913 -0 026 0 073

30s 0867 0 0o114
-- - --- I ~cwn*a~----- --- ----- -----r~

- MI IaIa
11Il datIII
Il~i i

VELOCITYSURVEY
TANKER ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTLINEATA POINT6.75 FT ~WDOF STA
MODEL4423 20. RUDDER,DUMMY HUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE.
r/R FROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED

IS THE DISTANCE
MODELDIMENSIONS ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
SIS THE ANGLEMEASUREDROMTHE TOP OFTHE PROPELLER
LENGTH(LWL) 25.066 FT DIRECTION.
DIK IN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE
BEAM 3.677 FT V ISTHESHIPSPEED.
V IS THELONGITDIAL (NORMAL TO THEPLANEOFSURVEY)
DRAFT 1.244 FT COMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITYAND I POSITIVEIN
THE ASTERNDIRECTION
DISPLACIMENT 2.419 TONSF.W.
Vt IS THE TANGENTIALCOMPONENTO THEWATERVELOCITY
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0 792 FT DIRECTION
Vr IS TE RADIALCOMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITYAND
SPEED 3.18 KT THE SHAFTCENTERLINE.
IS POSITIVETOWARD
Vtr IS THE TRANSVERSE OF THE WATERVELOCITY

COMPONENT
TEST7 ANDIS THEVECTORSUMOF V nd V
t r
MARCH1952
THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THEDIAGRAM IS IN THEDIRECTION
OF Vtr
EQUALTO Vtr/V
WITHA MAGNITUDE
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
BERITION
Vx/V Vt/V Vr/V
101 0 482 0 0 107

102 0 580 -0106 0 145
103 0 653 -0 090 0 164
104 0.748 0 052 0 237
105 0.639 0 231 0 130
106 0.601 0 282 -0 065
107 0.647 0 249 -0.237
108 0 640 0.160 -0.228
109 0 659 0 -0211
201 0 421 0 0
202 0 614 -0 155 0 047
203 0.679 -0 160 0 075
204 0 770 -0 105 0 254
205 0.521 0 012 0 195
206 0 460 0 005 0 048
207 0 620 0 054 -0 158
208 0 641 0 089 -0245
209 0 520 0 -0 331
301 0.372 0 -0105
302 0 563 -0 180 -0018
303 0 680 -0 169 0041
304 0 833 -0.218 0 150
305 0 746 -0.178 0 210
306 0.583 -0 198 0 129
307 0 528 -0035 -0.112
308 0 495 0 020 -0.192
309 0 384 0 -0.279
U I I II I I I I I 1 11----.-118
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADEINA PLANEWHICHIS
VELOCITY INWAYOFTHE PROPELLER
SURVEY PERPENDICULAR OF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
TO THE CENTERLINE
TANKER ANDINTERSECTS THESHAFTLINEATA POINT13.60 FT FWDOF THE
A P THE DUMMYHUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE THE SHAFT
MODEL4635 LINERISES0 4155IN. PER FOOT.
MODELDIMENSIONS r/R IS THEDISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED

AS A RATIOOFTHE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
(LWL)
LENGTH 22 093 FT S IS THE ANGLEMEASUREDFROMTHE TDPOF THE PROPELLER
DIRECTION
BEAM 3 214 FT
V IS THE SHIPSPEED
DRAFT 1.143 FT Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
(NORMAL
COMPONENT ANDIS POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT 1 76 TONSF W IN THE ASTERNDIRECTION
0 786 FT Vt IS THE TANGENTIAL COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
PROPELLERDIAMETER DIRECTION
ANDIS POSITIVE
SPEED 3 31 KT Vr ISTHE RADIALCOMPONENT AND
OF THEWATERVELOCITY
THE SHAFTCENTERLINE
IS POSITIVETOWARD
TEST10 Vt r COMPONENT
AUGUST
1957 ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF V andV
t r
THEVECTORSHOWNINTHE DIAGRAM IS INTHE DIRECTION

OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
RATIOS
TABLEOF COMPONENT
POSITION V/V V /V Vr/V
NUMBER
101 0 447 0 0 176

102 0 580 -0055 0 169
103 0 647 -0021 0 159
I04 0 644 0 055 0 133
105 0 546 0 123 0 053
106 0 540 0 163 -0056
107 0 569 0 157 -0 160
108 0 555 0 132 -0 157
109 0 490 0 -0 109
201 0 394 0 0 073
202 0 627 -0118 0 040
203 0 676 -0143 0069
204 0 682 -0182 0 142
205 0 578 -0192 0 131
206 0 481 -0134 0 053
207 0 369 0 013 -0 055
208 0 383 -0007 -0 040
209 0 431 0 -0 046
301 0 375 0 -0 024
302 0 573 -0132 -0 011
303 0 675 -0 182 0 010
304 0 812 -0234 0.044
305 0 891 -0265 0.099
306 0 911 -0 173 0 211
307 0 861 -0044 0 183
308 0 661 -0 030 0 151
309 0 387 0 0 082
-1i" immI - - II~X~~~

IIIC~ s I lllllt
1~UI~3~
SURVEY
VELOCITY IN WAYOFTHEPROPELLER PERPENDICULARTO THE CENTERLINEOFTHE PROPELLER SHAFT
ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTLINEAT A POINT8.5 FT FWDOFSTA
TANKER 20. DUMMYHUBAND FAIRWATERWEREIN PLACE.
MODEL4557
r/R FROMTHEPROPELLMAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
IS THE DISTANCE
MODEL
DIMENSIONS ASA RATIOOFTHE PROPELLERRADIUS
(R)
S FROMTHETOP OF THE PROPELLER
LENTH (LWL) 22.476 FT DIRECTION
V IS THESHIPSPEED
REAM 3.078 FT
Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL TOTHE PLANEOF SURVEY)
(NORMAL
DRAFT 1 165FT COMPONENT OFTHEWATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT 1 64 TONSF.W. Vt IS THE TANGENTIAL COMPONENTOFTHEWATERVELOCITY-
DIRECTION
ANDIS POSITIVEIN THECOUNTERCLOCKWISE
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0 811 FT
V, IS THERADIALCOMPONENT VELOCITYAND
OFTHE WATER
SPEED 3.46 KT TOWARD
IS POSITIVE THESHAFTCENTERLINE
Vtr COMPONENT
IS THE TRANSVERSE VELOCITY
OFTHEWATER
TEST9 ANDIS THEVECTORSUMOFV andV
t r
FEBRUARY
1955 THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THEDIAGRAM OFVtr
IS IN THE DIRECTION
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO VtriV
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION Vx/V Vt/V V/V
NUMBER r
101 0 363 0 0 208

102 0 470 -0074 0.149
103 0 600 -0034 0 111
104 0 621 0 030 0 129
105 0.600 -0081 0 122
106 0 433 0 082 0.043
107 0 530 0 095 -0 121
108 0 519 0 059 -0 182
109 0 502 0 -0 119
201 0 331 0 0.116
202 0 511 -0 164 0 044
203 0 667 -0 203 -0 092
204 0 740 -0237 0 107
205 0 745 -0237 0 215
206 0 644 -0 115 0 274
207 0 468 -0 034 0 019
208 0 554 0 025 -0 113
209 0 468 0 -0.312
301 0 265 0 -0.108
302 0 594 -0 190 -0031
303 0.757 -0 224 -0030
304 0 826 -0 257 0 051
305 0 902 -0 231 0 089
306 0 965 -0 167 0 150
307 0 896 0 024 0 062
308 0 638 -0 002 0 250
309 0 310 0 0 057
100
~ a II I I I I I -- rp
do.
Ii iliiiI I,,,d
,II nn n
THEVELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICHU
VELOCITY
SURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER TO THE CENTERLNEOF TE PROPELLERSHAFT
PERPENDICULAR
TANKER THE SHAFTLINEATA POINT6.75 FT FWDOF STA
AND INTERSECTS
20. RUDDER,DUMMYHUBAND FAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE.
MODEL4423-1
r/R U THEDISTANCE FROMTHE PROPELR AM (r) EXPRESED
MODEL
DIMENSIONS AS A RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
0 2 THE ANGLEMEASURED FOM THE OP OF THE PROPELLER
LENTH (LWL) 25 666FT DISKIN A CO6INTYRCLOCEWIEDIRECTION
V IS THESHIP SPEE
BEAM 3 677 FT
Vx THE LONITUDINAL TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
(NORMAL
DRAFT 1 244 FT COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELoCITYANDI POSITIVE
IN THEASTERNDIRECTION.
DISPLACEMENT 2 418 TONSF.W. Vt IS THE TANGErTIALCOMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITY
AND m POBITIVEINTHE COUNTERCLOCKWIE DIRECTION.
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0 792 FT
V, IS THE RADIALCOMPONENT OFTHE WATERVELOCITYAND
SPEED 3.23 KT IS POSITIVETOWARD THE SHAFTCENTERLINE.
Vtr THE TRAMIVENSE COMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITY
TEST21 ANDIS THE VECTORSU OF V ad V
t
MY 1952
THEVECTORSHOWN IN THEDIAGRAM IN THE DIRECTION
OF Vtr
EQUAL
A MAGNITUDE
wrrITH TO V/V.
RATIOS
TABLEOF COMPONENT
POTION Vx/V Vt/V Vr/V
101 0 413 0 0 163

102 0.499 -0.071 0.197
103 0 592 -0 014 0 195
104 0 570 0.087 0 137
105 0.519 0 149 0 036
1S 0 507 0.160 -0 062
107 0.514 0 152 -0.136
108 0.520 0 100 -0 126
109 0 497 0 -0.119
201 0.364 0 0 055
202 0 585 -0.147 0 100
203 0 605 -0 116 0.111
204 0.617 -0.092 0 148
205 0.506 -0 104 0 140
206 0.485 -0.062 0.082
207 0.482 0 018 -0 065
208 0.492 0.073 -0.181
209 0 437 0 -0.252
301 0.281 0 -0.055
302 0 531 -0.133 0.014
303 0 625 -0 159 0.059
304 0.744 -0.202 0.081
305 0.796 -0.216 0.137
306 0 853 -0 172 0 160
307 0 876 -0.038 0 198
308 0 339 -0 003 0.633
309 0.311 0 -0 145
101
--- ~--------- ~ ~.a~~ W io 5vi *-

THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTSWEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICH0
VELOCITYSURVEY
IN WAYOFTHE PROPELLER PERPENDICULARTO THE CENTERLINE
TANKER
R FROMTHEPROPELLERAXIS (r) EXPRESSED
ISTHF DISTANCE
MODEL4080-2 ASA RATIOOFTHEPROPELLERRADIUS(R)
0 ISTHE ANGLEMEASURED
FROMTHETOPOFTHEPROPELLER
MODELDIMENSIONS DISKINA COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V IS THE SHIPSPEED
LENGTH(LWL) 21.00 FT
V, (NORMAL
IS THE LONGITUDINAL TO THEPLANEOF SURVEY)
REAM 2 783 FT COMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
IN
THEASTERN DIRECTION
DRAFT 1.067FT
Vt IS THETANGENTIAL COMPONENTOFTHEWATERVELOCITY
DISPLACEMENT ANDIS POSITIVEINTHE COUNTERLLOCKWISF
DIRECTION
1.20 TONSF W.
Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENT
OFTHE WATERVELOCITYAND
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0 733 FT IS POSITIVE
SPEED 3,38 KT Vtr OFTHE WATERVELOCITY

COMPONENT
IS THE TRANSVERSE
ANDIS THEVECTORSUMOF V AND V
t r
TEST23 THEVECTORSHOWNIN THEDIAGRAM IS IN THEDIRECTION
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr V
APRIL 1949
32 Ft WL
RATIO6
TABLEOF COMPONENT
POSITION/V Vr/V
NUMBER Yv V,/V Vr/V
101 0.159 o 0.096

102 0 370 -o M0 0.133
103 0 398 -0.033 0.0MS5
104 0.540 -0 009 0 127
105 0 637 - 004 0 195
10 0 351 006 0 06
107 0 201 0 -0.o08
201 0.240 0 0 139
202 0 470 -0.121 0 093
203 0.618 -0 181 0.044
20 0 844 -0.169 0.079
205 0 889 -0.068 0.120
206 0 817 0 00 0.193
207 0 185 0 0.019
301 0 0M 0 0.008
302 0.530 -0178 0.039
303 0.738 -0 199 0.096
304 o 08 -0.116 0.099
305 0.910 -0.041 0.107
308 0.899 0.012 0 105
307 0.847 0 0 119
102
.d I I I III I I I I I r
_ P~ _ ~ ~__
_ I ~
THEVELOCITY WEREMADEINA PLANEWHICHIS

MEASUREMENTS
VELOCITY IN WAYOF THEPROPELLER
SURVEY PERPENDICULAR
TOTHECENTERLINE OFTHEPROPELLER SHAFT
TANKER THESHAFTLINEAT A POINT11.M84
ANDINTERSECTS F FWDOFTHE
A.P. THEDUMMYHUBANDFAIRWATER WEREINPLACE.
MODEL4602
r/R IS THEDISTANCE
FROMTHEPROPELLER AXIS(r) EXPSED
MODELDIMEIONS ASA RATIOOFTHE PROPELLERRADIUS
(R)
S THE ANGLEMEASURED
FROMTHE P OF THEPROPELLER
LEnGTH(LWL) 20.320 FT DISKINA COUNTERCLOCIKWISE
DIRECTION
V IS THE SHIPSPEED
BEAM 2.720 FT
Vx IS THE LONGITUDINAL
DRAFT 1.070 FT COMPONENT OFTHEWATER VELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
DIPLACEMENT 1.21 TONSF.W. Vt IS THETANGENTIALCOMPONENT
OF THEWATERVELOCITY
ANDIS POSITIVE
INTHECOUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0.671 FT
Vr IS THERADIALCOMPONENT VELOCITYAND
OFTHE WATER
SPEED 3.13 KT THESHAFTCENTERLINE.
IS POSITIVETOWARD
Vtr COMPONENT
IS THETRANSVERSE OFTHE WATERVELOCITY
TEST4 ANDB THEVECTOR SUMOF V ad V
t r
DECEMBER1955 THEVECTORSHOWN IN THEDIAGRAMIS IN THEDIRECTION
OFVtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION V/V V/V V/V

NUMBER Vt/V V/V
101 0.360 0 -0.032

102 0.538 0 003 0.091
103 0.490 0 020 0.053
104 0.533 0 057 0.160
105 0.518 -0.041 0.196
106 0.500 -0.066 0 039
107 0.355 0 0 019
201 0 354 0 0.010
202 0 546 0 117 0 04
203 0 646 0.263 0.079
204 0 810 0 248 0.107
205 0.885 0 175 0.159
206 0.941 0 026 0.235
207 0 190 0 0.040
301 0 354 0 0.005
302 0 682 0 245 0.008
303 0.34 0 269 0009
304 0 905 0.217 0 107
305 0 914 0.150 0 116
306 0 967 0.074 0 136
307 0.504 0 0 002
103
n mrs~l~nna --------- - I_ _I__lb

lrmrJ-.d--- C-
VELOCITY
SURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER PERPENDICULARTO THECENTERLINEOF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
TANKER ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTATA POINT15.5 FT FWDOF STA 20
MODEL4709 DUMMY HUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE.
r/R IS THEDISTANCE FROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
MODELDIMENSIONS ASA RATIO OF THE PROPELLERRADIUS
(R)
8 IS THEANGLEMEASURED
FROMTHE TOPOF THE PROPELLER
LENGTH
(LWL) 24 350 FT DIRECTION
DISKINA COUNTERCLOCKWISE
V IS THE SHIPSPEED
BEAM 3 010 FT
V ISTHELONGITUDINAL(NORMALTO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
DRAFT 1 260 FT COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYAND IS POSITIVE
INTHE ASTERNDIRECTION
DISPLACELENT 2 G3 TONSF W Vt IS THE TANGENTIALCOMPONENT
DIRECTION.
ANDIS POSITIVEINTHECOUNTERCLOCKWISE
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0 666 FT
Vr I THE RADIALCOMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITYAND
SPEED 2.77 KT IS POSITIVETOWARDTHESHAFTCENTERLINE
TEST9 ANDIS THEVECTOR SUMOFV
t
Vrad
JUNE1958
THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THEDIAGRAM I INTHE DIRECTON
OFVtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION V/V Vt/V Vr/V

NUMBER Vx/V V1 F V,/V
101 0 383 0 0.175

102 0 426 0 041 0 190
103 0 482 0 085 0 164
I04 0 468 0 121 0 097
105 0 479 0 143 0 49
106 0 405 0 140 -0016
107 0 389 0 165 -0 033
108 0 410 0 030 -0 050
109 0424 0 0046
201 0 406 0 0 200
202 0.522 -0.031 0 182
203 0 516 -0011 0.112
204 0 442 -0 004 0 044
205 0 432 -0086 0 113
206 0.364 -0 026 0 138
207 0 296 0 056 0 004
208 0 296 0 048 -0 096
209 0 388 0 -0119
301 0 461 0 0 172
302 0 523 -0075 0 142
303 0 539 -0113 0 084
304 0 571 -0178 0 071-
305 0 752 -0223 0 102
306 0 732 -0149 0 184
307 0 507 -0036 0 184
308 0 348 0 07 0 02
309 0 300 0 -0 125
401 0 398 0 0 041
402 0 381 -0 091 -0 137
403 0 657 -0202 -0 014
404 0 877 -0252 -0 038
405 0.935 -0252 0 035
406 0 933 -0 206 0.099
407 0 931 -0131 0 167
408 0 958 -0 074 0 188
409 0.145 0 0.088
104
rC 1 I I I I I I
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADE ALONG THE PROPELLER
VELOCITY IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER
SURVEY RAKELINEON THREETRANSVERSE PLANESAT
TANKER 0.3 R 6.400 FT FWDOF A.P.
0.7 R 5.833 FT FWDOF A.P.
MODEL3867 1.0 R 5.416 FT FWDOF A.P.
DIMENSONS
MODEL r/R I THEDISTANCE FROMTHE PROPELLERAXS (r) EXPRSMED
(R)
AS A RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS
a ISTHE ANGLE PROMTHE TOPOF THE PROPELLER
MEASURED
LENGTH(LWL) 25.650 FT DIRECTION
BEAM 3 400 FT V IS THE SHIP SPEED
(NORMAL
DRAFT 413 FT
COMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITYAN) IS POSITIVEIN
THEASTERNDIRECTION
Vt IS THE TANGETIAL COMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITY
DIAMETER
PROPELLER 0.975 FT IN THE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
AND IS POSITIVE DIRECTION
Vr THERADIALCOMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
SPEED 3 51 KT TOWARDTHESHAFTCENTERLINE.
IS POSITIVE
Vtr I THE TRANSVERSE COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITY
TEST--
JUNE1951 r
THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THEDIAGRAML IN THE DIRLCTION
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUAL TOVtr/V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION V
NUMBER _
V/V /V Vr/V
1
101 0 305 0 0.173

102 0 377 -0018 0.169
103 0.420 0.031 0 134
104 0.441 0.049 0.077
105 0.437 0.065 0 089
100 0.397 0 138 0 035
107 0 340 0 131 -0 045
108 0 30 0 -o 053
201 0 213 0832
202 0 515 -0.137 0 076
200 0.602 -0.162 0.037
204 0.793 -0 226 0.048
205 0.847 -0 185 o 006
200 0.880 -0 125 0 143
207 0.802 -0 001 0.221
208 0 333 0 225
-0o
301 0.283 0 -0.076
302 0 515 -0 184 -0.022
303 0 718 -0.224 0 016
304 0 874 -0 224 0 044
305 0.883 -0.149 0.003
306 0.904 -0.097 0.120
307 0 915 -o 046 0.112
300 0 872 0 0 138
105
,,,,~,~,~~ s --- -I I I ~n
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADEINA PLANEWHICHIs
VELOCITYSURVEY
IN WAYOFTHE PROPELLER PERPENDICULAR TOTHE CENTERLINE
OF THEPROPELLERSHAFT
TANKER ANDINTERSECTS THESHAFTLINEAT A POINT6.75 FT FWDOFSTA
20. BILGEKEELS.DUMMYHUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE.
MODEL4057
r/R IS THE DISTANCEFROMTHEPROPELLER AXIS(r) EXPRESSED
ASA RATIOOFTHEPROPELLERRADIUS (R)
DIMENONS
MODEL
8 IS THE ANGLEMEASURED FROMTHETOP OF THE PROPELLER
DIRECTION
LENGTH
(LWL) 21 92 FT
V 18THE SHIPSPEED
BEAM 3 028 FT Vx I8 THELONGITUDINAL
(NORMAL
TO THEPLANEOF SURVEY)
COMPONENTOF THEWATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
IN
DRAFT 1 190 FT THE ASTERN
DIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 1 65 TONSF.W Vt ISTHE TANGENTIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATER%EL)CITY
ANDIS POSITIVE
INTHE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0 792FT Vr OF THEWATERVELOCITYAND
ISTHE RADIALCOMPONENT
IS POSITIVE
TOWARD
THESHAFTCENTERLINE
SPEED 3 51 KT
Vtr 8 THETRANSVERSECOMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITY
TEST0 t r
RUMRY
1952 THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THEDIAGRAMIS INTHEDIRECTION
OPVtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION
NUBER V/V V/V V/V
101 0.338 0 0 187

102 0.441 -0.079 0.204
103 0.498 -0.028 0.145
104 0.480 0.002 0.091
105 0 488 -0.022 0.138
106 0 464 0 041 0.113
107 0 346 0.090 -0.002
108 0 465 0.067 -0.157
109 0 301 0 -0 140
201 0.311 0 0.069
202 0 482 -0 133 0.091
203 0.582 -0.146 0.069
204 0 720 -0.213 0.069
205 0.829 -0 209 0.117
206 0.847 -0 138 0.187
207 0.553 0.014 0.224
208 0 277 0.085 0.017
209 0.246 0 -0.173
301 0 250 0 -0.044
302 0.592 -0 117 -0.012
303 0.645 -0.174 -0.010
304 0.797 -0 207 0.043
305 0.895 -0 175 0.094
306 0.908 -0 119 0.105
307 0.902 -0.044 0.140
309 0.632 0.025 0.202
309 0.778 0 0.180
106
Sn~_ _~,~__.__~,~1_II~~_~_~______~__c---_~.- .-- _ 1___1~__1.1--..-.__1.~___I-______.

--- ~1 - -1~1.-.~.1._~_~ ~_1 ____ 1-__11~-
~-___~___ __- ~
CII~
L1_III~
VELOCITY
SURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER PERPENDICULAR OF THE PROPELLERSHAFT
TO THE CENTERLINE
TANKER ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTATA POINT12 6 FT FWDOF STA 20
DUMMY HUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE
MODEL4723
r/R FROMTHE PROPELLERAXISI r EXPRESSED
IS THE DISTANCE
MODELDIMENSIONS ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
0 FROMTHETOP OF THE PROPELLER
DIRECTION
LENGTH(LWL) 26 33 FT
V IS THESHIPSPEED
BEAM 3. 8696
FT
V. IS THE LONGITUDINMA (NORMAL TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
DRAFT 1 365 FT COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE IN
THE ASTERN DIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 2 85 TONSF W Vt I THE TANGENTIAL COMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITY
ANDIS POSITIVEIN THE COUNTERCLOCKWISE DIRECTION
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0 833 FT OF THE WATERVELOCITY AND
Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENT
IS POSITIVETOWARD THE SHAFTCENTERLINE
SPEED 3.33 KT
Vt r COMPONENT
TEST4 t r
OCTOBER1958 THEVECTORSHOWNIN THE DIAGRAMIS IN THE DIRECTION
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
RATIOS
TABLEOF COMPONENT
POSITION /V V/V
NUMBER VV VV VV
101 0 342 0
102 0 512 -0 040 0 187
103 0 551 0 020 0 047
104 0 454 0 100 0 040
105 0 328 0 093 -0010
106 0 361 0 134 -0 092
107 0 474 0 057 -0002
108 0 380 0 087 -0.106
109 0 340 0 -0 083
201 0.266 0 --
202 0 590 -0 043 0 072
203 0 567 -0 142 0 122
204 0 563 -0 141 0 134
205 0 569 -0 153 0 146
206 0 502 -0154 0 151
207 0 395 -0 136 -0015
208 0 454 -0 119 0 093
209 0 570 0 0 154
301 0 300 0 --
302 0 544 0 209 0 45
303 0.520 0 226 0 116
304 0 767 0.302 0 O59
305 0 877 0 270 0 110
306 0 791 0 142 0 101
307 0 886 0 083 0 124
308 0 893 0 015 0.124
309 0 902 0 0 108
BASELINE
107
------ n~ --
~------------- ------ -- -- - --- -,.,
dIY Ium
YI YYIM~lm
Ium lIIIII LYi
l ,Iam iuiitw flillo iillidli.a l"11
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICHIS

VELOCITYSURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER PERPENDICULAR TO THE CENTERLINE
TANKER ANDINTERSECTS THESHAFTLINEATA POINT6 95 FT AFTOF STA
MODEL4643 19 1/2 DUMMY HUBANDFAIRWATER WEREIN PLACE THE SHAFT
ANGLEIS 1 75' FROMTHE BASEPLANE
MODELDIMENSIONS r/R IS THE DISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED
LENGTH(LWL) 24 490 FT 0 IS THE ANGLEMEASURED FROMTHETOP OF THE PROPELLER
DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISEDIRECTION
BEAM 3.250 FT
V IS THE SHIPSPEED
DRAFT 1 300 FT V, IS THE LONGITUDINAL(NORMAL
TO THEPLANEOF SURVEY)
ANDIS POSITIVE
IN
DISPLACEMENT 2.27 TONSF W THE ASTERN DIRECTION
PROPELLERDIAMETER 0.562 FT Vt IS THETANGENTIAL COMPONENTOF THEWATERVELOCITY

ANDIS POSITIVE
DIRECTION
SPEED 3 18 KT Vr IS THERADIALCOMPONENTOF THEWATERVELOCITYAND
IS POSITIVE
TOWARDTHESHAFTCENTERLINE
TEST 0 Vtr IS THETRANSVERSE
MAY 1957 ANDIS THEVECTORSUMOF V nd V
t r
THE VECTORSHOWNINTHEDIAGRAM IS IN THE DIRECTION
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr/V
RATIOS
TABLEOF COMPONENT
POSITION
NUMBER Vx/ vV Vr/V
101 0 210 0
102 0 210 -0020 0 06o
103 0 292 -0 030 0 083
104 0 159 -0 037 0 107
105 0 401 -0136 0 112
106 0 496 -0 062 0 184
107 0 291 0 077 0 116
108 0 420 0060 0 080
109 0 200 0 0
201 0 200 0 0
202 0 397 -0076 0 081
203 0 429 -0103 0 026
204 0 589 -0 243 0005
205 0 844 -0256 o 04M7
206 0 906 -0 180 0 136
207 0 869 -0079 0 223
208 0 601 0 080 0 258
209 0 360 0 0 019
301 0 173 0 0 005
302 0 377 -0 176 0 067
303 0.523 -0 211 0 002
304 0 778 -0 264 -0 022
305 0 906 -0 239 0 048
306 0 925 -0 163 0 126
307 0 906 -0 090 0 173
308 0 909 -0 053 0 181
309 0 672 0 0 197
108
ii I I I I -- a
THE VELOCITY
MEASUREMENTSWEREMADEIN A PLANEWHICH IS
VELOCITY
SURVEY
IN WAYOFTHEPROPELLER PERPENDICULARTOTHECENTERLINE
OFTHEPROPELLER SHAFT
AS-33 ANDINTERSECTSTHECENTERLINE
OFTHESHAFT7 11FT AFT OF
MODEL4912 STA19.
r/R IS THEDISTANCE FROMTHE PROPELLER

AXIS(r) EXPRESSED
MODELDIMENSIONS AS A RATIOOF THEPROPELLER (R)
RADIUS
FROMTHETOP OF THE PROPELLER
LENGTH(LWL) 22 96 FT DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V IS THESHIPSPEED
BEAM 3 15 FT
Vx (NORMAL
IS THE LONGITUDINAL TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
DRAFT 0 889 FT COMPONENT OF THEWATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
IN THEASTERN DIRECTION
DISPLACEMENT 1 075TONSF W Vt IS THE TANGENTIALCOMPONENTOF THEWATERVELOCITY
DIRECT:ON
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0.666 FT
Vr OF THEWATERVELOCITY
IS THERADIALCOMPONENT AND
SPEED 3 46 KT IS POrITIVETOWARD
THESHAFTCENTERLINE
Vtr COMPONENT
IS THETRANSVERSE OFTHEWATERVELOCITY
TEST8 ANDIS THEVECTORSUMOF V andV
t r
APRIL1962
THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THEDIAGRAMIS IN THEDIRECTION
OFVtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUAL TOVt/V
TABLEOFCOMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION
NUMBER Vx/V Vt/V Vr/V
101 0 622 0 0 001

102 0 875 -0 224 -0 008
103 1 004 -0 183 -0084
104 1 017 -0208 -0M6
i05 I011 -0205 0 012
106 1 014 -0 173 0 075
107 0 973 -0090 099
108 0 961 -0024 0 070
109 0 958 0 0 050
201 0 842 0 -0 076
202 0 838 -0 124 -0070
203 0 988 -0 142 -0109
24 1 00 -0 180 -0052
205 0 998 -0 185 0 024
206 0 988 -0 164 0 082
207 1 004 -0 119 0 134
208 1003 -0063 0 162
209 0 953 0 0 180
301 0 776 0 -0 152
302 0 785 -0037 -0093
303 0 944 -0 143 -0 129
304 0 971 -0 183 -0056
305 0 975 -0 176 0 021
306 0 972 -0 149 0 074
307 0 987 -0 108 0 116
308 0 988 -0056 0 148
309 0 975 0 0 150
401 0 723 0 -0 160
402 0 638 -0066 -0088
403 0 900 -0155 -0 135
404 0 962 -0 186 -0052
405 0 971 -0 177 0 026
406 0 972 -0 145 0 085
407 0 967 -0 103 0 122
408 0 977 -0048 0 144
409 0 982 0 0 152
SCALEFOR
V, /V
109
*~~- a = -- nu II I^
------ -------- '-~-IIIIIIIIIYI111I ii iiiiifldwlifl 14'
r/R IS THE DISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS (r) EXPRESSED

VELOCITY
SURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER ASA RATIOOF THE PROPELLERRADIUS(R)
AGS a ISTHE ANGLEMEASUREDFROMTHE TOP OFTHE PROPELLER
MODEL5004 DISKIN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
V ISTHE SHIP SPEED
MODELDIMENSIONS Vx TO THE PLANEOF SURVEY)
(NORMAL
IS THE LONGITUDINAL
COMPONENT IN
OF THE WATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
LENGTH(LWL) 21 15 FT THE ASTERNDIRECTION
BEAM 2 99 FT DIRECTION
DRAFT 0 948 FT Vr OF THEWATERVELOCITYAND
IS THE RADIALCOMPONENT
IS POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT 0.872 TONSF W Vtr COMPONENT
ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF V ANDV
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0.739 FT t r
THE VECTORSHOWN
OF Vtr
EQUAL TO Vtr/V
TEST9 PERPENDICULAR OF THE PROPELLER
TO THE CENTERLINE SHAFT
NOVEMBER1964 ANDINTERSECTSTHE SHAFTCENTERLINE3 75FT AFTOF
STATION19
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
POSITION V V VV Vr V
NUMBER V V
101 0 643 0 0 081

102 0 637 0 006 0 053
103 0 571 -0108 0048
104 0 761 -0182 0 098
105 0 824 -0176 0.111
106 0 953 -0.201 0 021
107 0 971 -0188 0 065
108 I 015 -0.131 0 112
109 0 966 -0.026 0.125
110 0 943 0 023 0 102
111 0 936 0.045 0.091
112 0.932 0 0.080
201 0 817 0 0 054
202 0 714 -0164 -0028
203 0 838 -0032 -0 942
204 0 909 -0210 -0.055
205 0.933 -0.134 -0.044
206 0.957 -0.157 -0.005
207 0 953 -0147 0 061
208 0 958 -0103 0 107
209 0 959 -0.037 0.138
210 0.948 -0.003 0.144
211 0 937 0 016 0.141
212 0 934 0 0.137
01 0 824 0 -0.019
302 0 792 -0016 -0.110
303 0 824 -0.063 -0 120
304 0 762 -0.032 -0.084
305 0.923 -0.134 -0097
306 0.940 -0.156 -0.026
307 0.965 -0.144 -0.051
308 0 973 -0.094 0.094
309 0.985 -0043 0 118
310 0.955 0 0.117
401 0.755 0 -0.105
402 0 769 -0.057 -0.112
403 0 830 -0.084 -0.135
404 0.791 -0.017 -0.099
405 0 844 -0101 -0.117
406 0 884 -o148 -0.029
407 0 947 -0.137 0.050
408 0 953 -0095 0 096
409 0 952 -0038 0.116
410 0 949 0 0 115
110
4 I I II I Il~llsrrpr
INITIAL DISTRIBUTION
Copies Copies
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(Code 523)
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0 CDR, DDC
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115
.~.~-~-- 1_1_
11
-- -------- II -111 r ~ - I^
__
11. Weaver, A. H., Jr., "Powering Characteristics Velocity

Survey and Flow Studies for a Bulk Carrier Vessel, Model 4648," David
Taylor Model Basin Report 1273 (Oct 1958).
12. Weaver, A. H., Jr., "Powering Characteristics and Velocity

Survey in Way of the Propeller for a 770-Foot Tanker Represented by Model
4643," David Taylor Model Basin Report 1161 (Jul 1957).
13. Beal, A. L. and Brown, G. K., "Trial Correlation and Velocity

Survey for a 32,650-Ton Tanker-Hull 4543 Represented by Model 4635,"
David Taylor Model Basin Report 1186, (Mar 1959).
14. Hubble, E. N. and Weaver, A. H., Jr., "Wake Survey for a

Cargo Vessel Represented by Model 4933," David Taylor Model Basin Report
1686-2 (Jul 1963).
15. Dillion, E. Scott, "Ship Design for Improved Cargo Handling,"

Trans. SNAME, Vol 70, 1962.
16. Nichols, W. 0., Rubin, M. L., and Danielson, R. V., "Some

Aspects of Large Tanker Design," Trans. SNAME, Vol 68, 1960.
113
C~L---~--~ I -- I-II-~--~ C 'I 1 I11 Cb~-

. iillmlmlmmwmllmllilbli,
I,,
THE VELOCITYMEASUREMENTS WEREMADE INA PLANEWHICHIS
VELOCITY
SURVEY
IN WAYOF THE PROPELLER PERPENDICULAR TO THE CENTERLIJE
CARGO ANDINTERSECTS THE SHAFTLINEATSTA19 1/2. THE SHAFTLINE
MODEL
4882 SLOPEIS 0 149 IN RISE PER FOOTFWD. DUMMYHUBANDFAIR-
WATERWEREUSED.
MODELDIMENSIONS r/R IS THE DISTANCEFROMTHE PROPELLERAXIS(r) EXPRESSED

LENGTH(LWL) 18 82 FT 0 15THE ANGLEMEASUREDFROMTHE TOPOF THE PROPELLER
DIRECTION
BEAM 2.829 FT V IS THESHIPSPEED
DRAFT 0.978 FT V S THE LONGITUDINAL
(NORMAL
COMPONENTOF THEWATERVELOCITYANDIS POSITIVE
IN
DISPLACEMENT 0.772 TONSF W. THE ASTERN
DIRECTION
Vt IS THE TANGENTIAL COMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITY
PROPELLER
DIAMETER 0 732 FT ANDIS POSITIVEIN THE COUNTERCLOCKWISE
DIRECTION
SPEED 4.3 KT Vr IS THE RADIALCOMPONENTOF THE WATERVELOCITYAND
I POSITIVETOWARDTHE SHAFT CENTERLINE
TEST7 Vtr IS THETRANSVERSECOMPONENT OF THE WATERVELOCITY
ANDIS THE VECTORSUMOF Vt andV
MAY1981 r
THE VECTORSHOWN
IN THE DIAGRAMIS IN THE DIRECTION
OF Vtr
WITHA MAGNITUDE
EQUALTO Vtr V
TABLEOF COMPONENT
RATIOS
MPOSITION
Vx/V Vt/V Vr/V
101 0 749 0 0 129

102 0 732 0 079 0 099
103 0 605 0 013 -0078
104 0 967 -0 088 0 047
105 0 967 -0 084 0 048
106 0 970 -0 061 0 062
107 0 922 0 008 0 082
108 0 866 006 0 058
109 0 872 0 0 43
201 0 734 0 0 024
202 0 905 -0072 -0017
203 0 955 -0024 -0037
204 0 942 -0 055 -0 015
205 0 954 -00867 0 023
206 0 956 -0050 0 050
207 0 960 -0019 0 064
208 0 948 0 010 0086
209 0 897 0 0 018
301 0 682 0 -0 006
302 0 879 -0068 -0048
303 0 912 -0 039 -0 046
304 0 924 -0 086 -0 036
305 0 950 -0 066 0 024
306 0 957 -0 046 0.049
307 0 955 -0 020 0 059
308 0 959 -0 005 0 02
308 0 959 0 0 057
111
~~~ as - -- --- - -I -r II-- --- ~-----I

REFERENCES
1. Cheng, H. M. and Hadler, J. B., "Wake Analysis of Ship

Models, Single-Screw DE-Type," David Taylor Model Basin Report 1849
(Jun 1964).
2. Cheng, H. M. and Hadler, J. B., "Wake Analysis of Ship

Models, Twin-Screw Military Types," David Taylor Model Basin Report 1928
(Dec 1964).
3. Hadler, J. B., Morgan, W. B., and Meyers, K. A., "Advanced

Propeller Propulsion for High-Powered Single-Screw Ships," Trans. SNAME,
Vol 72 (1964).
4. Dickerson, M. C., "Wake Survey for a Passenger-Cargo Vessel,

NS SAVANNAH, Represented by Model 4671," David Taylor Model Basin Report
1746 (Jul 1963).
5. West, E. E., "Velocity Survey In-Way-Of Propeller for the

Moore-McCormack Freighter Design 2115, Model 4901," David Taylor Model
Basin Report 1693 (Nov 1962).
6. Weaver, A. H. Jr., "Power Predictions, Velocity Survey, and

Flow Studies for a 50,000-Ton Deadweight Bulk Carrier," David Taylor Model
Basin Report 1556 (Aug 1961).
7. Harper, M. S. and McArdle, J. Z., "Power Characteristics for

U.S. Maritime Administration-Tanker Design T5-S-2a Models 4393W and 4393W-1,"
David Taylor Model Basin Report 787 (Dec 1952).
8. Weaver, A. H. Jr., "Predictions of Power Requirements, Thrust

Variations, and Velocity Survey for An ESSO Tanker, Model 4723," David
Taylor Model Basin Report 1305, (Feb 1959).
9. Harper, M. S. and West, E. E., "Wake Survey and Flow Studies

for a Survey Ship (AGS) Represented by Model 4914," David Taylor Model
Basin Report 1642-2 (Nov 1962).
10. Weaver, A. H. Jr., and Blount, D. L., "Powering Character-

istics Velocity Survey and Flow Studies for an All-Hatch Cargo Vessel,
Model 4730," David Taylor Model Basin Report 1306 (Feb 1959).
112
9____ ~ ~_~~~~~~ _ ~~~ _~_~~ ~~ ~_~__ ___ ___~~~__~ ~_~

UNCLASSIFIED
Security Classification
DOCUMENT CONTROL DATA- R&D
(Security classification of title, body of abstract and indexing annotation must be entered when the overall report is classified)
1 ORIGINATING ACTIVITY (Corporate author) 2a REPORT SECURITY C LASSIFICATION
David Taylor Model Basin UNCLASSIFIED

Department of the Navy 2b GROUP
Washington, D.C. 20007
3 REPORT TITLE
WAKE ANALYSIS OF SHIP MODELS; SINGLE-SCREW MERCHANT-TYPE
4 DESCRIPTIVE NOTES (Type of report and inclusive dates)

Final
5. AUTHOR(S) (Last name, first name, initial)
Cheng, Henry M., Hadler, Jacques B.
6. REPORT DATE 7a TOTAL NO. OF PAGES 7b. NO. OF REFS
November 1965 124 16

Ba. CONTRACT OR GRANT NO. 9a ORIGINATOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S)
b. PROJECT NO. Report 2076
Subproject S-R011 01 01
c. 9b. OTHER REPORT NO(S) (Any other numbers that may be assigned
thisreport)
Task 0401
d.
10. AVA ILABILITY/LIMITATION NOTICES
Distribution of this document is unlimited.
11. SUPPL EMENTARY NOTES 12. SPONSORING MILITARY ACTIVITY
Bureau of Ships
Department of the Navy
Washington, D.C. 20025
13 ABSTRACT
This report, the third of a series on studies of the

wake in the propeller plane of ship models, presents the
results of the analysis of the wake of single-screw merchant
ship models and several naval auxiliaries. The data
presented are the interpolated longitudinal and tangential
velocity distributions, their computed mean values, the
harmonic contents of these velocity components, the maximum
variations in the resultant inflow velocity, and the
advance angles and their variations. Also included are the
calculated volumetric wake velocities. An IBM 7090 computer
was used for data processing.
DDI JAN64. 1473 UNCLASSIFIED

INfT.A.S.T TF
14. LINK A LINK B LINK C
KEY WORDS
ROLE WT ROLE WT ROLE WT
Wake
Propeller
Cavitation
Vibration
Merchant Ships
Digital Computer
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Wake Analysis of Ship Models; Single-Screw Merchant-Type Sterns

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DISTRIBUTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IS UNLIMITED

November 1965 Report 2076

7or". ZM3 ZF1n

Figure 1 - Lines of Representative Models, Clearwater Stern .... 15

Figure 6 - Circumferential Distributions of Longitudinal (Vx/V)

Figure 7 - Circumferential Distributions of Longitudinal (V /V)

Figure 8 - Comparison of Circumferential Longitudinal (Vx/V)

Figure 9 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V) and Volumetric

Figure 10 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V) and Volumetric

Figure 1L1 - Average Mean Longitudinal Velocity, Single-Screw

Figure 12 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal

Figure 113 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal

Figure 114 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal

Figure 16 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Tangential

( t/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, Moderate V-

Figure 18 - Amplitudes of Various Harmonics of Longitudinal

(Vx/V) Velocity, Conventional Stern, U- and Moderate

Figure 31 - Circumferential Distributions of Longitudinal

Figure 32 - Mean Longitudinal Velocity (Vx/V), Mean Advance

Table 1 - Model Data (Clearwater Stern) ......................... 76

J Apparent advance coefficient V/nD

P Pressure factor (Vb 2) /V - 1

U Blade element velocity

V Model or ship velocity

Vb Mean resultant velocity

Vr Mean radial component of velocity vector

Vt Mean tangential component of velocity vector

Vx Longitudinal component of velocity vector (normal to the plane

Vx Mean longitudinal component of velocity vector

ash Projected angle of velocity vector on X-Y plane

av Projected angle of velocity vector on X-Z plane

B Mean advance angle

S. AB Variation of advance angle from its mean

0 Position angle (angular coordinate) in degrees

T Section shape coefficient

Hull coefficients are in accordance with SNAME-recommended standard.

This report, the third of a series on studies of the

The work reported herein was sponsored by the Bureau of Ships

This is the third of a series of reports on studies of wake in

Although these dividing lines are rather arbitrary, conventional cargo

TEST PROCEDURE AND DATA REDUCTION

The wake surveys were conducted in the deepwater towing tanks at

1 -- -,, 1 , - , ,I_ i, -. . 11 M r - ot" o imam u a

-- - - --- , , - , - I. ' - - 1 111DAO - , -- - , , - - - W

Open Sterns with Skegs and Struts

The circumferential distributions of longitudinal and tangential

The circumferential distributions of the longitudinal and tan-

COMPARISON OF VARIOUS TYPES OF STERN DESIGNS

Conventional Stern versus Open-Type Stern

Most of the models analyzed here have "conventional" type sterns.

Fair-Form Stern versus Contraguide Stern

The U- and V-Shape Sterns

Set Model CB T Stern

2 4393-1 0.645 0.218 Moderate U

1. The radial distributions of mean longitudinal velocity and

II.-.~.-.... .~.1~~~"~"...~".:~l.~-I~~-i., f-T.~~ 7~~F~a -77 1~II ~slb-

1. Although the data presented show some similarities among the (

The authors wish to express their thanks to the personnel of

MODEL 4723 (Modified Clearwater Stern)

Figure 2 - Lines of Representative Models, Stern with Rudder

Figure 4 - Definition of Section Shape Coefficient

Position Angle 9 In Degrees Position Angle e in Degrees

II.-.~.-.... .~.1~~~"~"...~".:~l.~-I-i., f-T. 7~~F~a -77 1~II ~slb-

,~,.~,,~,.I --- ------ , ------ ----- I ~. --