213

~~." .AN MILITARY

POLICE UNITS
1939-45

(iORDO:\, \\11 J .L\\ISO:\' RO:\l \ULST\D

 EDITOPc MARTIN WINDROW
(;lliliJD
HllITA,RY i\IE~-AT-ARl\IS SERIES 213
GERMAN MILITARY
POLICE UNITS
1939-45
Text by
GORDON WILLIAMSON
Colour plates by
RONVOLSTAD
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Acknowledgements
I have been fOl'tLlltall' ill Ill} rc:.earch to make
contact wilh lWO Winans urthe Fcldgendarmnic of
lhe famed 'Hcrmallll Coring' Fal1schi~mpanzcr­
korIb, who. provided :.cvcral rare phOlograph:.,
indudillg :')1101:.or the Luftwaffe·paltern Fcldgcn-
danncric gorget being worn. To these gentle.:men,
Herren Ht'r1X'rt E. Kail and Wolfgang [)ing<T, I am
lllD:.1 gr<lll'fui. ~Iy thanl...s abo lO former Fddgen-
darlll('n HeinL Hrurr ,md Hans Hau5(;r for
photographic ami documentary Illalerial. Thanks
;11"(' abo due to ~ltlnin \'crlag of Q:.nabruck for
pcrlllis...~ioJl 10 rt'produc(' photographs from Iiu:ir
ar('hin.,: and to Brian L. Davis, Fred S1l'pllt~1lS and
.Jo!>Cf Charita lor photographi(' conJributions.
Rcaden, intere~tcd in fun her ~tudy of 1 Ill' hi:.lOl')' of
Ih," German :\Iilitary Police through till' ages are
f('fcrn-d 10 the C;>.CC]lCIlI \\ork by Karl-Heinz
r>.lcn- Iklckk, Fridgrndarmfll. Fridjiigtr .\Iifitiirpoli-zisll'1l.
puhlished by ~Jotorbtlch \'erlal;".
Artist's Note
Re'ldel"S may ('<11"(' 10 nou' thal Ihe origillal pailHings
lrolll "hidl th(" ('n]nul' plalcs in this book w"n'
prepared ,1ft. a\ ailabie lor pri, ale s;lk, ,\11
rqm,duclioll cop)riJ.:ht whaISOt'\'\'1' j~ r'('lairlt'd by Ihc
Publishers, All ellquirics should be addressed to:
.\Iodcl EmpUl'ium
700 Nurth,John~ol1,
Stli\l':\, El Cajull
Calif01'11i;1 9~W20
LSi\
The Publishers reb'Tet tklt they call enter into (10
correspolldellct' upOn this mailer.
 German Military Police Units 1939-45
~c

,
--
s.
,- lIItroril/rtiol/
milil~.r)' policeman must Ix' one of the least
rt"Cialcd (certainly by his fdlow soldiers) yel
I illdisp(~nsahk miliwry figures in Jnodnn
Of). In the mobile warfarT ofthc 20th century
" army coule! keep its vital supply convoys on the
·c alld its supply roules open without the
,I
ulry policclnan. Ifhis lcllow soldiers' opinion of
is llsually expressed in expletives, then those ill
,I
er command with a good overall view,
e
inl)' valued his ser\'ict.-~witllcSS some of the
z
1; cxpl'cS!>Cd through the <Igt:s by field com-

eN abOllt their i\IPs:

lou ((IImol hlll't fl good armv withollt II pofiu force
. :\apoloon Bonapartel.
Tltt Fitld ,\larshall Commlllld";1/ Chiif t\pu.ms his
ljturion ldth II" work iif Iht .1Ii/ita')' Poliu. ... Tht
lRW whirh IIIlS pUl'Oiltd bl'llind till' front is dirrct[)·
ulrd 10 IIt"ir dJicil'1uy alld dl'mtioll' I'l'he Adjutant
ral. British Expeditionary Force. 1918).
Thl' Baul, oj. Yomwndy and subsequl'1I1 hault'S It'Ould
hm't b((1/ It'D" but for III, ll'Ork a//(/ cO-<JIJemlioll of
t on lit, ImJfic routes' (Field ~Iarshal B. I..
t~onH'ry, 1915).
Tit, F,ldjiig('/' //(l1'( fulfilled liItir PSJ'chological pur/)O:Jf'.
r aclioll.\' 1/(11'1' ra/Jid/..y gamed them (I!'r!Jlltalioll ... tilei!'
ond JU/J/IOI'! wnf milch sought (ifler' (General del'
er Speidel, [W8),
The Britis.h Corps of Royal l\.Iilil<Jf) Police can A Iypical Arm)' Feldsendannerie NCO o"lraffic control dUly.
its rOOb hack tenuously as far as the Earl WeU w",pped up asainS( Ihe wiDl.,.. C(llcl, he wea", Ihe
mOlorcydilll'. w.lllerprOO( oveffOal and heavy slove•. On hi.
hal~ of i\ormall limes: and Cermany's 51anc1ard Army lnue bell be carries a 9nun Wahher P38 pili(o)
!Ja~crkoq)S likewise has a long and distill- .. a Wad< le.!her hollil.,.., A woolIe. tOClue i. wor"" 10 protect
!he ea.... a.ad DeCk. TJ.e .. biq.ulous so"'!el a.ad lraffic wand
ed tl<ldition stretching back to the 'Proloss' of ..dieale hi••Lal1llS aJi • Military PoIice.ma"". (8. 1.. Da...u)
16th celHur)'. In 'HO Friedrich II C'Stablished
f~ldjiigrr~orps ':'1 Pfrrd which shord) artem'ards
ih title amended to Rtilrl/dl's ftltfjiigrrkorps. tant m(-ssagl'S and orders:; Furirrjii,(l'T to al'Com-
these troops were drawn men for the pany and prOI('t:l members of the Royal Family.
ill~ duties: holomlrnjiigrr-to control and Shonly ann [he founding of the Fl'ltIjii/!"rkorps ,;:u
t traffic routes: h~uri"jiigtr to carry impor- Pfrrd, thl' F,/dJiig,rkorps zu FliSS \\ as liwlll<'d ill '7p.
3
Tht" FcldjiLg-crkorp~ scn'cd with di~tin('liOll during
the Napoleonic Wars, and the Franco·Prus.~ian
War of TR70, Alongside the Feldjagnkorps. thc
Gendarmerir or ci\'i11X)lice \\as 10 dew lop a miliTary
bram:h of FrldWlJda/"mrrie, which grew 10 on-rtake
the Fd(ljiil\crkorps as Germany's principal provosT
arm.
On the outbreak or war in 1914 Ihe German
armies had al lheir disposal 33 Fcldgendarmeric
Troops. cach of around 60 NCOs and men. Like its
British cQulltcrparl al lhal lime. the Fcldgendar·
mcrit· was officcred h) personnel on a temporary
attachmcnt Irom otllt'r anns, mosll) Ca\·alry. The
stamlan:1 Fcldgcndarmerie palrol consisted of a
scrgeant Ohergmdaml) and two junior NCOs
:Unluoffi;;.ine or GrfreiJtl. In ;uldition. tcmporary
Ficld Police or Ililjsgmdarmm wcrc employed. By
Aa Anny fddse darn...riej .....or NCO 0... rraJlic dull' 0 .. the
Ea.tera fro"l .p'"
'!Mil. NOle o"'ce the _terproor coal,
S0"'Kel and l....nic __ d.. The Horch field .,... ill ll'pi.,.1 or the
type or lishl ~hide ....... by FeLd&eadarmerie pcl'Scu.... d. h i ..
fur..j5hed .... ta... <:cI1o.. r with 1"'__'" .lId n!ddi..h-bro_ m0111ed
camo,,8ase. U, a.arita)
••
4
thc end of the Greal War a tOlal of 115
Fddgendanncric units had beell formed, and
addit ionally a Fcldgcllda rtllt'riekorps of live caval r~
squadrons for special missiollS, which llltimatel~
rcached regimental stn>lIgth before Ihe war's end.
The cOllclu~ioll of Ihe Greal \Var saw tilt'
dishi.llldmcnt of the Feldj:igcrkorps and thl'
Fddgendarmcrie, During the period from 19191<'
1939. no military !x>!ice lonnations exisled in thl
German army. Ihough army Slrcct patrols policed
garrison are'ls.
Iflhc overlap offllllCliol1~ Ix-Iween the FeJdjagcr·
korps and Fddgt'mlarm(Tit> in Ihe Great \\'arseem~
confusing. lhe multiplicil) of police formalions used
by the German war machine during Ihe Second
World War S4X'ms astonishing, .\mong lhe man~
existing police lInits \\"('re Ihe Fcldgendannen(·.
Fcldjiigerkorps. Gt·lU'ime Feld PoJizei.
Heercsstrcifendicnsl, Zugwache, Bahnhofswache.
t\larinckustcn-Polil.t'i, and numerous Polizl"i
SChUl7.en Rl'brimcntt'r, ·J·hi~ is \\ ilhout including tIll'
numerous slate SCClllilY organs. such as tilt'
 ich('rhcitsdienst which \\TIT also to be found in
mbat areas.
\luch hated by their fellow soldiers, the German
military policemen were known by more sinister
DJCknallles Ihan their British coulltCrpal'1s, the
'Redcaps': 'Chained Dab'S' and 'Headhunters' were
- I two of the epithets cOlllmonly used,
,\1 the end oflhe Second World \\'ar, the skills of
me German \Iilitary Police were quickl~ apprec-
iated by Ihe British and Alllerican~, who used
It\'{'ral entire companies ofrutly armed Fcldgendar-
,men and Fcldjager as auxiliaries to assist their own
"'l.rd-prcsscd police formations. In the chaotic
conditions of the immediate post-war pcriCK:! the
cxpt'riclleed manpower provided by these troops
wa... or great help 10 til(' occupying authoritil's.
When the German Army was rc-Iorrncd in t955
~e or the firslunits 10 be C'Stablished was a t'olilitary
Police Company, In 1956tlil'sc Jlililii, Po{j:;.ri WtTC
Illed the use of the traditional tide Tddjager·.
The- l3undeswchr today fields Feldjager units ill
each mililary district (Wth,be,~ic!I) which in till' case
mohilisation would be strcllgtbened by n.'SCrvists.
There are no Air Force or Kaval PI'()VOSI units, thl'
Frldjiiger having authority over all three services.
TIll' tr<lditional gorget and cuflband arc no
In Ihi. unu.ual "a>ne an Oberfeldwebel of Ann)' Feldgeneta..-
merie Ullellan NSU Kettenkrad half-t.racked motorcycle 10 pOIll
a lighlt ..uck Lbrough the mire ofa Runian road;n the Ipring
Lbaw. 11>e Oberfeldwcbel we. lhe M.!r.JS panern Fetdmil""',
The Kenern.rad wa.. DOl ..1 nI i55"e to Fetdge.........me....
"nili.. U. Charila)
longer IISl'tl as idenlif}'ing sYlllbols. Instead, morc in
keeping with ollieI'. ATO coullIries, a diSlinCli\'e
while lx-It and pistol holster are worn; :t whjle
annbaml bearing Ihe legend Frhljii,f.!,l'r is also used on
duty. The traditional \Iililary Police brallch-ol:
service colour of orange-red has been retained as
piping to lhe shoulder strap~ and undcrlay lor the
collar patches. Thc ben;t used lor c\'Cryday duties is
in til\' same red colour as that used by till: British
R:'vl P; the badge worn thereon bears the traditional
t'luhlcm of the Fddjiigcr, the Guards Star and
mOHO 'Suum Cuiqw', reinforcing the traditional links
with the FcI(ijager of Imperial times,
.\!though countlt'S-~ hooks ha\'e bccn wrillen on
the subject of the anned forces of the Third Reich,
little has appeared on Ihe subject of lhe :\lilit~lry
Police forces. This is despile the fact thaI there i~ a
greal demand for original examples or t-.lilitary
Police memorabilia among collectors. It is hoped
that this book will go some way towards filling that
gap.
5
 FeI((~l!l/tI(l/IlIerie ties Hems
The Fddgcndal'rllcric \\"s fonncd 011 the mobilis-
ation of the German Ann)' ill 1939. I IS members
were. in the Ill;lin, experienced former cidl
policemen lI'om the ci,'il Gendarmerie (particularly
the \lotorisierte Gcndnl'mnic) and serving Army
)leos. The command structure orlhe Fddgcndar-
meric began at the Oberkommalldo dl.."S Heeres or
Of.\.H (High Command of the Army) where the
senior ranking onicef of tht' Fddgcndarmcrie would
be aHachtel. He \\as under the direct control Orllle
Quartermaster-General oCthe German Armies and
was reslxmsiblc for all mailers relating to the
Fddgendarmcric including jX'rsonnd adminis-
tration, postings, elc. I-Ie \\;l!; alw n:<jponsible for
allocation of tasks to the Fddgcndarmcrie and
monitoring ils performance. for laying down traffic
6
regulations, alld slandal'dising FeJdgcndarmerie
training prOCt·dllr('~.
The next level or command lay with each Arrnee
Oberkommando, to \\ hich \\as attached a Fcldgen-
darmeric Slarr ollicer responsible for Fcldgendar-
meric matters within the area of that army. The
stafrolliccl"controllcd all the FeJdgendarmerie units
attacht..-d to that Army and was responsible for
maintaining order and discipline, and especially for
traffic control and route maintenance during large-
scale troop movements.
Each Field Army of the \\'ehrmaeht had under
its command a Feldgendarmerie BataiJlon and each
Di\'ision a Fe.ldgendarmerietrupp.
A typical Fcldgcndarmerie Bataillon of the
Second World War \\ould have the following
Structure:
Command Group: onc officer, one warralll officer,
two :'JCOs. three Othcr Ranks. I 'tlrid~: onc field
car. one small bus.
.\/ T Sal/On: olle NCO, three Other Rank'>.
'-thiellS: one motorC) c1e. onc field car.
PlatOOnJ (x 3): onc officer. three ACO dri\·ers. 17
l\COs, ten Olher Ranks. '''hulu: three mOlorcyles,
IWO motorcycle combinations, eight Kubelwagcns.
SII/Jporl Groll/): otle each :'\'CO clerk, ~I T :'JCO,
armourcr NCO, cook NCO, cook OR, armoul"er
OR. clerk OR, cobbler; and four drivcr ORs.
l'ehiells: IWO x 2-tOll \'chick'S, two x 3-ton vchicks.
A typical Fddgendarmerietrupp in an Army
Division (in this cast' Armoured) would bc as
follows: onc officcr commanding, IWO oniccr
platOOll c01llmandel'"S, three NCO motorcycle
drivers, threc OR mOlOrcydc drivers, cight NCO
drivers, four OR drivers, 13 OR drivers and 30
NCOs. Vchidc :tllocation to a typical Feldgendar-
rnerietrupp itl :tn Al'rnotrr"ed or Motoriscd Division
would comprise: ~ix solo motorcycles; four motor-
cycle combinations (~idl'car wilh an MG34 or
MG42 macbine gun); I 7light field cars (usually the
VW 'Kuhclwagcn'); two x 2-ton vchicles (gen-
crally a heavy field car ~lIch as a 4 x 'I Horch or
Haupt:manA ...... Hau.er a. Chef der r",ldsendarmerietrupp
498 durinll aa i.n~P"'Clion lrip in Sicily 19411. Not", tbat on th",
tropical field dress wo..... On this oc:ea~ion oll1y tloe ~bouldu
strap WalT_farbe indicates bis r.,ldll"'.da .,ri'" Slat...... DO
aleev., '""Ill., Or c:ulI'band are wo..... fro photogr.tphic
",vid_ce il would appear tbat tbe ..,.. of f..n r",ldll",ndann",ri",
sleeve insipia .... Ih", tropical dress was ""'I')' rare. Ha.."",r
later won the Kaillht'. Cronon Ii May '94S wben Rrvift«: in SS-
l'taze....cre...dk... R~men' .. 'Der fUh",r' with the 'Das
R.,icll' Divi.ion. (Ua... Hauser)
Stcyr; :mel two x 3-ton vehicles (usuaJI} an Opel
Blitz or similar light truck).
Personal armament of lhe Feldgcndannerie was
initially restricted to light weapons. A wide range of
automatic pistols was used, KCOs and men
normally carrying a Walther P38 or a Luger P08,
\\ hereas offic<.....s oftell favourL'd the more compact
Walther PP or Pill\.. :\Iost ~COs carried the
.\lP38/40 machine piSIOI, and while the :\lauser
Kar98k rifle can be S('ell in wartime photos of
Feldgendarrnerie personnel. it \\ as 110t widely used.
The 1>uperb ~IG3.1- or ~IG4-J bc1t+fcd machine guns
\\ere also llsed by Fcldgcndarmerie units as a
n-hicle weapon or for defending road blocks. As the
war drew towards its end. many Fcldgcndarmcrie
pc."rsunnel found themselvcs thro\\ n into from-line
combat. and the deadly Panznf,-:lust anti-tank
projectile saw frC<lucllI usc (sec the repon of Heinz
Heuer'ssucccss against Soviet tanks in the battle for
Berlin
Former policemen drafled into the Fcldgendar-
merie \\ere allocated milit:lIT ranks in keeping with
their fonner police status :L~ follo\\'s:
\\aclllmd.u~r c"/"Offi::Jn dn 1-cfdgaldamurit
O~rwachtmcister 1-ddll tlu! dn 1-cfdf,",darm"ir
Ikzirksw.u:htmciJtcr ObnjddllYbd d" Ftldt,mda,mr,i,
~Iaupl\\'aclllnwi.tcr 5/(lbJjddlftW! d" FddgmJ(I,mm, A II'tandard model19JO FeldbhlH or.... Army Feldg...ndartlleri...
OlHrC... ldw... bel. All lbe insignia ar'" machi.ue-stilc:hed 10 lbe
\lriswriObrrllll'islcr I.(tIIII(ln/ d" Ftldgrnd(l,mmr lunic with Ih......xceplion oC th... "hould... r "I.raps which ar...
Insp,ck\or Obn!rulf/Ilnl drr "c!dgtndaT1f/rrir r ...mo ..abl....

The Fcldgclldanneric, ill military terms, had

similar responsibilities 10 till' OrdflllllllJ/;o!it.ei in
civilian lift:. Amongst the llIallY and varied tasks of
the Fcldgclldarmt'fie wne tile li)l1owing (by no
means a complete list):
Tr;dnc control; mailltaining military order and
di~ciplin('; colicctiull and escuning of prisoners of
war; collt-ction and r(·direCtiun or stragglcn:
politically suspect IX"'SOIIS, <.'tl'); apprehending
deserters; border control; anti-partisan duties. After
the occupation of Czechoslov;tkia alld Poland,
Fcldgendarmerie ll'<tining M'!lools were set up in
Prague and ill I,itzrnatlllst,tdt·(;i"irnau.
The Fcldgendannl'ric's authority [lilowed them
(0 pass through sc('ut'l'd areas, roadblocks, guard

prevelltion of looting; supervision and control of
civilian populace in occupied areas: disarming
cl\'ilians; checking captured enemy soldiers ror
documents, maps or other useful information;
checking papers of soldit'rs in transit or on leave;
collcnion of fallen enelllY propaganda lea nets and
prevenllon or distribution of such material;
searching Ii)!" shot-down enemy fliers; providing
Rr<.Tt patrols in occupied areas; prevention of
sabotage; CQtltrol ofevacuttS during retreats; duties
ofa security nawn' in co-operation with the Gthnnu
Frldpoli:;t'; (i.e. counter-espionage, monitoring
posts, etc, and to cond tll:l ~(·,t n:hcs ol"bOl h personnel
and property ",her('\,('r d('l'rlwd necessary, and in
doing so tlwy could cOlllllHtndcl'r a.ssistann: I"rom
any other miliwry p<nonnd. In the event or
dispute. any Fddgrndanm' hdd superiority over
any other soldier or similar rank from any other
branch or II\(' sen·ices. Although, like military
policemen ofany nation. the Fcldgendarmt'l"it· were
best rememl:x;r<.'d by the commun soldier as strict
disciplinarians, ever f('ady to pounce on an
'innoc(~Ilt' squaddie, there is no doubt that their
greatest COlltrihution to the war cffort was the

7
 According to Herr Heuer, in tllese laiC days of the
war Fcldgelldarl1lerie personnel caught by the
Soviets (QuId expect shon shrift; indeed. rumours
abounded ofa 'bounty' oflered tor the head of any
Feldgendarmc taken. Ccnainly these rumours were
taken seriously by the Germans: each Fcldgen-
darme was issued with a second Sofdbuck (l D or 'pay
( book') falsely showing the holder as an 'ordinary'
soldier whose capture would be uninteresting to the
SO\·iets. \\'hell capture was imminent the Fcldgen-
darme would merely throw awa) his duty gorget
and real Soidbuck and on caplUre present his fake
Soidbuck in the hope of avoiding execution. This
makc:5 the laic of Heuer's actions in the last few days
of the war. and his c"cllIua) capture even more
. .
Impre5SI\'e,

A c:105e-up of the Felcl!_darm~ \t0rcel aad s l _ tapp;

Leutnaot der Feldgeodannerie Heinz Heuer
DOle the w"lki.. taiJ~ "UU,loia5 of the laner. Many oripmol
Heinz Heuer was born in Berlin on '2 August 1918.
er.ampl" of the feldJ...d.a...... ~e lors:el .. till hav," th..
Iwnia<Hiity 00 1Jl.. paial~ ck-tail.. ",v",. "fter 40 yean; or rnO...,.
(B. L 0.";,,,) He began his military service at the age of 18,
joining 5/Flak Regiment 1'2 in Doberitz and
camral and security of supply rout<.'s to the front subs{:quently lo/Flak Regiment 32 in Berlin. On I
line. In this respect the Fcldgendarmc was no Noycmber 1938 hejoincd the Police and allended
dinercnt to the ~I P of any other nation; no army sc\"Cral Policc Training Schools before joining the
can function without secured supply rQuleS and Tt.:chnical Police School in Berlin to complete his
efficient traffic control. instruction. Assigned to the Ordnungspolizei HQ,
Towards the ('ncl oCthe war, mallY Fcldgcndar- he was sulX>tXlllemly altached 'z.b.V.' (for special
Incn found themselvcs used as front Iinc combat duties) to lht' ),'oreign Office and to the
troops in despcl':llc defensive or counter-attack OKW/Abwchr foreign department. During the
movements, panicularly on the Eastern Front. war Heucr scrv(.xl on all fronts and saw action with
Several Fc1dgendarmcll were decorated for gal- the ElIllOUS 'Uranclcnbllrgers',
lantry during these hectic days. The foJlowin,l{ 1945 saw Heller as a highly experienced
soldiers were awarded the German Cross in Gold: Oberfeldwcbel del' Fcldgendarmerie leading a
Maj. \Vcrncr Weber (Fcldgcndarmcrie Abteilung small Kampfgruppc inlhe defence of Berlin. Heuer
682): Leu\nan\ del' Re~erve Peter Scholz (Feldgen- and his group were called before Gen. Krebs on I G
darmcrictrllpp 1544): Obergcfn.:iter HansSchlottel' April 1945 and given a special task. A sllspeCied
(Bahnhotswacheabtcilung 2); and Oberleutnanl Russian command POSI in a certain area was to be
del' Re~ervc Johannc~ Kalldziora (zjFeldgendar- 'cleared out', and Heller, with a small band of
merie Ab(. 53t). around 28 men, was to do the job. \Vhen searching
The most highly decorated of all serving for the cnemy post, Heuer and his men encountered
Feldgendarmen was Leutnant del' Feldgendar- an enemy tank unit around 40 strong, On the night
merie Heinz Heuer, decorated for his heroism or '2 I April. Heuer and his men surprised and
during the baltic for Berlin in 1945; Heinz Heuer O\'ercame the guards on the Russian command post
W;L'l Ihe only Feldgendarmc to be decorated with and captured many maps and important docu-
Ihe co"eted Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. mellls. On his return Heuer and his men came upon
(Former Feldgendanncrie officer Hans Hauser was others from their group in action against the enemy
also awarded the Knight's Cross, but at the time of tanks spoiled earlier. Theyjoined the action; and of
the award was serving as an SS-Sturmbannftihrer the 27 enemy tanks dCSlTO)'ed, Heuer's personal
with a Wancll-5S I)anzer Grenadier Regiment.) score came to an amazing 13, achieved using the
8
·Panzcrf:lUsl' hand-held anti-tank projcctile. On hi!;
~ucccssflli rcturn Heuer reponed to Gen. Krebs and
inlormcd him of his unit's achievemcnts. Krebs was
delighted with Ihc captured Sovict material and
Heuer's destruction of so many enemy tanks; and in
tilt" prcscnceofGens. Krebs, Burgdorfand Fegclein,
Heuer \\as dccorated \\~th the Knight's Cross. He
W;lS al:.o gi\'cn a field promotion to Lculnant del'
Fcldgendarmerie.
Following the success of his mission, Heuer was
gi\Tn a funhcr special task: 10 take a Ix:rsonal
HauJKfeldw.. M.1 H ..u.z H ..u ..r, th.. _I.. lierVU.t: r ..tdg.. oda...
meri.. r ..cipie..e ofth.. K ..iy.eli Cross of th .. lro., C ......... I.. thi,.
pbOl..grllpb ••k .... prior 10 his aw.rd.wi....;..g .ctions, H ..u ..r
w.... n eM "e• .,d.rd MI9:J6 pauern " .....y F..ldblull"j not.. th.t
al t"i" lac.. se.g.. of eb.. w.r, no arm ..asl.. or cuf'lba..d .r" worn,
on.ly t.... OrllnS" pipin!!: indicating H .. uer'. .e.eu" a" a
r ..tdS darm ... Noe.. th ......bisde lanyard on the r;8ht should..r,
and I Dri"er'. Badge io gotd on th .. l..fl Slo'il"'" (Hfl.oZ H ..u ..r)
message li'om Hitler to 5S-Gen. Felix Steiner.
Heuer sel all' by motorcycle, but was captured by
Soviet troops. In the slyle of the best spy stories,
Heuer managed to chew up and swallow the
message before the SovieLS could stop him. The
Soviets Wt're in no mood to take prisoncrs and
Heuer, together with some other captured Ger-
mans, was given a spade and IOld to dig himself a
shallow gra\·e. Execution was to Ix: inHllt"tliate.
Ha\'ing completed this most macabre of ta.~ks. the
dooml."(1 Germans wcre allowed a last cigarette. In
the next lew minutes an anillery barragc came
crashing in, forcing the Soviet guards to take cover.
and Heuer and his comrades made good their
escape. Ilowever. as the war ended shortly
ancrwards, Heuer soon found himself in Soviet
captivity again. He was held first in Tschcljabinsk
in Siberia, and then al a punishment camp in Oms.
\Vilh Ihl' help ofa Russiall wOlnan doctor, Heuer
was able to arrange repatriation 10 Berlin; once
there. however. he was denounced to the GI"JL" and
arrested once again. Sevcrdy debilitated aner his
capti\·ity. Heuer now weighed a mere six stonc
(abolll 8Slb). Luckily, with the connivancc of a
sympathetic Russian officer. Heuer managed to
t:scapeonce again and made his way to tht' Wt"Stcrn
Zone.
Heuer's military decoration:, included the 1ron
Cross 2nd and 1st Class, Wound Badge ill Silvcr.
East Front Campaign :\IOOal, War t\lerit CI'Oss2nd
Class with Swords, Driver's Badge ill Gold, two
Gold and three Silver Tank Destruction Awards
and lhe Knight's Cross. Aftcr thc war Heuer
returned to a police career. He was still alive at the
time of wriling.
Uniforms and Insignia
The special ickntil}'ing insignia worn by the
Fcldgcndarmcric were as follows:
lfeadgtfl/": Orange-red WflffinJarbe was worn by
Fcldgendarnwrie troops as piping 10 the crown and
cap band of the Schirmmiitze or peaked cap and as
an innnt"(1 che\ ron of braid O\'cr the cockade on
the side cap and soft peaked lropical
Einheitsfcldllliitze. Unifoml: The orange-red \\'af-
fenfarbc was also used as piping 10 the celHrc of the
collar patch bars. to the shoulder straps for XCOS
and other mnks, and ;L~ underlay to officers'
shoulder straps. In addition to the WaOcnfarbc, the
9

A peaked ca~c:hirtntniit:r.e--ofan Army Feldgendartnerie
officer. Piping to the crown and cap band i.. in oraoge-red
WaffenfarM. NCO..' versions were ideDlical but for the uSe of
'II
• bla",k pale'>Ile.lloer chinJ,;trap retau.ed by two black h .. ttons
pia.,., of d.e offi",er'. silver c.hi" '"Ord~
Fcldgendarmc \\ as id~lIlifi~d by the Polizci-pallcnl
upper lell slcc\c cagle. This consist('"(j of a machine-
embroidered spread cagle and swastika within a
\Heath ofoaklean:s. The swastika was executed ill
black thread, the rest ol"lIw imignia in orange-red
for other ranks and ill ~il\'('r thread lor oOicers. On
the lowCl" left sJce\C was wom a cuflh:lIld bearing-
till.' legend 'Ftftlgnuiamltrit' ill Cothic script. The
Above The Itandard Army_pallern 'F",ldgeDdarmerie' cuff_
band, rnac:hine-woven in Iloe -called '8evo' Ityle in hroWD
artificial .. ilk willo srey edges s.nd lettering, The ren...... ohhe
cuffba"d is a 01.."" of !rey thread", rather Iloa.n Iloe
'chequerbosrd' effect normally fo....... "0 01.0"1 5S-cype Bevo
cu£Iba.ad".
'0
band was wu\(:n in brown artificial silk with gn·\
\\o\'en edging and leHering, Variants exisl in gre~
machine embroidel")' on brow'n felt, with no ('dgin~
(this type is commonly reproduced, bUI with braid
edging!; and a rar(' slX'cimell is known on a field
grey backing".
Troops Hum other brancht:s of service on
temporary all;:tchment to the Fddgt'ndarmcrie
wore a special armhand in green cloth with the
legend 'Feld!CI'ndarmeric' in t\\O line:; of orange
script. 80lh \\0\'('11 and embroidered wrsions are
known.
Probably Ill(' best kno\\ n of all idclllifying
featuresof"tlw Fddgendarll1c was Ihe duty gorget or
Nillgkmgfll. This was a h,df-moon shapt'd thin sheet
metal slam ping with a raised edge fill' strength. It
wa~ finished in a silver-grey colour and 1('alUrcd at
each tip a slandard stippled-finish button painted
in luminous }<:Ilow-green. I n the centre was a large
lopread eagle and ~was(iki:J, also in luminous finish,
0\'(,'1' a dark grey JiCroll bearing the- legend
'/';idgl'lularml'r;i ill luminous Latin :.cript kllers.
Thc reverse or til/" gorget was usually co\'c)"{'d with
field grey cloth or caIT!. and had a nat 'tongue' in
the centre which was slipped into the tunic
buttonhole 10 prevent the gorg-cl Ii-orn ~winging
abollt. The gorget was suspended by a Ill'ck ('hain of
plain flat links,
8<1/ow Rarer, tho..gh Ie.... "o"llht after by colleC'lors, i" thi"
m.a",mn_rnb...,id.,..ed pattent. The Ilrey th.....d tetten are
emhroidered on a hrnwn fell haad. Thi" type i. ",onunnnly
reprnd.. ced, but ......... Iy with sitver hraid ed!i~.
 •

...--I• •'~':' -;

•
_Army feldgencbnne walk. throlll!:h the ...... u~ Itr",u be"'g wOrll. n.e lack o(NCO TretllleOJ> the t .....c collu- ....pIies
.......HI.... May '9044' Allh...!!:.. rather faded, the oripaal thai mill is .. private .... Imu. He i • • nn~ naly with . .
......,. ..bows 1M Arm ugl.. aad 'FeldteBdarmn-ie' c".crb....d a.uomatic pilitol. U. Charic.a)

II
 Thc Polizci-slyle slecvc cagle and woven
Fcldgendarmerie eunband wcre wilhdrawn from
wear in 1944. This may have been for economy, but
it .seems likely to have been for security reasons. As
prcviously mcmioned, Feldgcndarmen were issued
with tWO Soldbuchs to help disguise their idemity
when captured. Whereas the true Soldbuch could
be easily discarded, maehine·slilchcd insignia could
not be so easily removed in a hurry. As il seems that
only Fcldgendarmerie troops were specifically
instructed to remove lhe special identifying
insignia, secunty would appear to have been a
prime factor.
Feltljagerkorps
By 1943 Germany's fortunes werc on the turn.
:vlililary reverses were common on all froms; and,
nalurally enough, the morale of lhe Cerman
soldier, for SO long used 10 easy victories, began to
drop. Many able-bodied men made every effort
possible to avoid service at the frolll line, especially
in Russia. All measures taken to arrest Ihe decline in
moralc fell well short of target. Strong measures
were calk-d for; and in November 1943 an entirely
new force was crcaled-the Feldjagerkorps. Al-
though il carried Ihe lraditional lille of the
Feldjager of the Imperial Army, its functions and
authority were far removed from those of ils
Imperial forebears. These men were to be no
ordinary military policemen.
All men taken into the Feldjiiger had at least
three years' front line combat service and had won
a1 least the Iron Cross 2nd Class. Their ranking
officers were also required to have had considerable
experience at senior command levels. These men
would know how the common soldier 'at the sharp
end' feh; and would Ihus have lhe moral Slalure for
lheir difficuh work. These were mililary men,
hardened by experience, who would brook no
political interference wl1h their duties.
The Feldjagerkorps consisted of three Ftldjilg"-
kommontJ()$: Feldjagerkommando I, formed in
Konigsberg, was commanded by Gen. der Flieger
Ernsl Muller. Feldjagerkommando II, formed in
Breslau, was commanded by Gen. der Pan-
zertruppe Kempf, Cen. dcr Infantene von Oven
and Gen. ~loscr. Fcldjagerkomrnando Ill, lormed
in Vienna, was commanded by Gen. del" Infalllerie
von Scheele, Gen. der Infantcrie Crase, and
ultimately by Cen. der Heger Speidel.
The basic Fcldjager unit was Ihe palrol or ·Strtift'
comprising an officer and three experienced :-JCOS.
Each "'tldJiig"abt~ilung had approximately 50 such
patrols, formt.-d into three companies. Five such
Feldjagerableilungen comprised a FrldJiig"-
Rtgimml; and each Feldjagerkommando had one
such Regiment under its control.
The Feldjagerkorps was answerable only to lhe
Oberkomm:indo der Wehrmacht, and thus its
authority was great. The commanding officer ofa
Feldjagcrkommando had equal status to an Army
Commander, with the authority to execute
punishment on all \\"ehnnacht and WafTen-SS~
personnel. Although his disciplinary authority was
great the Fcldjagercould not interfere with military
decisions. In case of dispute the Fcldjager were fully
entilled 10 sellie any arguments al gunpoint.
Bolh Feldjagerkommando I and II saw out lhe
war on the Eastern Front, so records of their
activities are extremely sparse. Fcldjagerkom-
mando II I ended the war in the \Vest, howevcr, and
its commander, Cen. der Flieger Speidel, survived.
The Feldjager operated approximalely 12 miles
behind, and parallel to, the front line. Their
function was to preservc order and disciplinc,
prevent panic retrcats, and aCl as a 'safcly net'.
Patrols on all routes leading back from thc front
(including rivers etc) collected stragglers and other
superfluous manpower and sent them back to stiffen
the front line. ScatLered elements of units which had
taken a hammering at the front, and individual
stragglers, were often assembled at collection points
into 'ad hoc' unils. At the same time deserters were
apprehended and dealt with, and escaped enemy
POWs rounded up. With their immense powers,
Fcldjager would lhink nothing of rounding up the
hated party funClionaries or 'Colden Pheasants'
and sending Ihem to the front.
Working in close co-operation wilh local Army
Commanders, the duties oflhe Feldjager could also
include: trafficconlrol, including reconnoitring and
marking of harbour areas; arranging removal of
bomb debris, elC, to keep roules open; assembling
quick-reaction units (ipcluding commandeering
civil vehicles where necessary) in the case of enemy
 parachute landing~: checking soidiers'leave papers
in the search for deserters; and supporting local
lolksrlunn units.
Elements of Fcldjiigerkommando III were the
lasl Cerman troops to lay down Iheir arms after the
Sc<-ond World War. When Iroops in the south of
Gennany surrendered to Ihe Americans, the US
forc(.'S realised that with huge numbers of German
IX'riiOllnel surrendered or altempting to surrender,
the Fcldjager could be of greal use in mailllaining
order. The Ob~rbrfihLrhab~r Sud, Generalfcldmar-
schall K('''lsdring, agreed 10 pUl his Fddjilger 011 lhe
disposal orlhc US Army: and for s(,\'cl'al \\ccks after
Ihe cease-fire the Fddjager-fully armed and
equipped remained 011 dUly, Their lasks included
overseeing- German adherence 10 the cease-fire;
maintaining order among Gcnnan troops; main-
taining order in occupied areas; controlling traffic;
and rollecling individual slragglers. FcJdjagerkom-
mando [I J finally laid down ill; arms as late as 23
June 1946,
The Fddgendarmerie and Felc~ager were Ihe
principal pro\'oslunilS of the German Army in the
St'cond \,"orld \\'ar. A number of olher lesser unilS
also provided pro\'ost SUpp0l"l, and Ihese are brieRy
r11~ribed in the following sections,
The nU:"ptioaaJly n1re warnuU disc or r..he Geheime Feld
Polhei. Note r..he circub.r rar..h~r r..hlUl 0 ............ p"•• Dd r..he IlSe or
Army n1r..h~r thaD Stat.... patteru d!le • .IUI awaatilul 0 .. r..he
ob~rH, (Pet.... Gnt<:h)
Uniforms and Insignia
No speciallunic insignia in Ihe form of dislinctivf'
Waffenfarbc, sleeve eagles. cunhands, t:te, were
illlrodllc(.'d. The Fcldj<iger wore normal white
infanlry \\'affcnfarhe piping. A spt'cial shoulder
c}'Pher in the form of a monogram 'I::,j' in Lalin
script \\ as producl'd, bUI it is llnkno\\ II 10 \\ hal
eXlent, if an)', this was eHr worn . .-\ red cloth dUly
arm hand was worn bearing the legend Ob"kom-
mOlltlo tifT lI'~hrmacht/Ftldjiig" in IWO lines of black
Lalin scrip!. Photographic evidence St:ems to
indicate that although Ihis took Ihe IOrln of an
armband or brassard, it was worn on the lower lert
sleeve ill the posilion ill which a cum)and would
normally be worn, The principal idelltifying
insignia orthe Fcldjiiger was, as lor his Fcldgendar-
mniecoul1lcrpan, lhegorge1. The Fcldjiigcrgorget
was identical in appearance and de~igll to thai for
the Fcldgendanneric. the only difference being ill
til(" scroll legend reading FtldjiigerkorjJJ'.
Gel/eime Feltlpolizei
The Gcheime Fcldpoliz'ei-GeFePo or GFP- wcrc
Germany's 'plain clothes' mililary police, some-
what similar 10 lhe British Special Invcsligation
Branch lSIB; of the ~Iililary Iloliee, It was formed
in 21 Jul} 1939 by order of the chief of lhe
OIXTkommando del' \\'ehrmachl, Ccneralobcrst official \,as entitled to pass through military
\\·ill.e1m Keitel. \Icmbers of tl.e CFP wcre classed roadblocks; enter military buildin.w-: utililje militar}
:as II-thrmarhlsbtamttn or 'military onidals'. si~llals and communications equipment; com·
The Gchcimc Fcldpolizci was commanded by a mandt.>t·r mililary n'hidcs; procure military sup"
lIuTtspoli?t;(hif or Chief of Army I'olice. who was plies and accommodation \\ hCre\Tr nCCCS~"lr} in tlw
auached directly to Ihe Obcrkommando des execution of his clut); and usc public transport
Heel'es; initially this post held a rank equivalent to s}stt'ms free. Some of the general tasks allocated 10
the military rank of major. Subordinate 10 the .lhe GFP official could include: pcrsollal escort to
Hccresfddpolizeic.:hef but also carrying a status varium military VIPs; assistance 10 ~tatc securily
equal to major wa~ the Feldj)O!v:;fidirt'klor. This PC'!"SOllllcl in COlllllt'!"-espioll<lgc work; interrogation
olTicial repOrled to Armee Oberkommando level of captured enemy soldiers; detectioll of enemy
and controlled a Gehcime Fcldpolizci Grllppe. There
w('re no 'other rank' grades in the Ceheimc meri", A .bouJdu ..... rap for a Haupcf",ld... ",~1 of Army f",ldS",.. da ...
.lta<:bed 10 me Geheime fcldpoli:r.";; che cyp~r is i.D
Fcldpolizei as initially formed: Any non- .lIvered mo",taJ. PUM...",l 0" c",moporary .Ua<:bon"'''C Co me
GFP wore only ch., cypb",r pinftecl 10 ch.,;r ..ormal .hooald",r
commissioned personnel requjred were drawn from 5Craps.
available troops commandeered as '/lilft·
Ftld/N)/i?tibtamttn' or 'auxiliary ficld police officials'.
The rank b'Tading for Hccresfeldpoli7.eichef was
upgraded to the tXluiva1cnt ofObtrsl (colonel) on 24
July 1939. The structure was once again reformed
after the Luf"vaffc gained its own Ceheime
Fcldpolizei in 194-3. The new structurc of ranks was
as follows:

Fddpotizcichcf dcr Wclirrnacht G"mnalmafir equivatctll

Hccn'SfddpoJizeichef. .... ... OMsl
ObcrfddpoJizeidircklur OfHr5lJ,ulnanl
FddpoJi:l.eidirekwr Jlajo,
Fddl)olizeikommi~r _.II"upl'"",lIt
r t:Idpolizciobe.rsekrcl arjil15pekwr 0""1,..111"111
Fddpolizeisckrcmr Ltulnanl
FddpoJizeiass.i~lalll AII ="COs

The funclions or the Gehcime Feldpolizei were

many, and included counter-espionage, counler·
sabotage, detection of lrCiisonable aClivily and
coulller·propaganda. The Geheimc Fcldpolizci
also assisted the Anny leg-al system in investigations
for courts martial.
Officials of the Ceheimc Fcldpolizei, largely
recruited from the Criminal Police, had similar
authority to those of the Polizei and Sicherheits·
dicnst. I n carrying out their duties they could wear
whatever civilian clothes or uniform was considered
appropriate. Each member had, in addition to his
10 disc and Soldbudl, a pass in grecn card showing
his photo in eivil and military dress, and a police
warralll disc.
By virtue of his spccial idclllity papers, the crp

'4
alicn~ ll~illgGerman ID/uniforms, etc.; securing of
telegram and mail faciJiLies on entering enemy
territory: securing of railway terminals; searching
out cncm}' radio equipment and signaJ detection;
rounding-up innammalOry and libellous materials:
precautionary measures against rail sabotage:
detcction of encmy agents dropped by parachute;
assistance at CU!\loms posls against smuggling;
watch on rivn Iraffic; pn'wlltion of unauthorised
travel: checking tra\"el papers: watch on neutral
personnel i.e. diplomatic and military attaches,
Cle.) and 011 forl·ign newsp;qxr corrc~rKll'l(knts.ClC.
Thc o'"crlap helwcclI SOlIlt, of the dutil'S of the
Fddgcmlarmcrie and Geheime Feldpolizei is clear
but by 110 llwallS ullique, as wmc ovcrlap between
Ihe work 01" <\11 security agrl1cit'~ is inevitable.
Uniform and Insignia
Tell· ofliciaJ llllilOl"ll1 of the Gchcimc FcJd pol izei was
the field grey of thl" Army admillistrativl: olJicials
I HlTr<'~bealntt'll) with the following distinctions:
Collar ImldlfJ: dark green, bearing 110rmal LiI;:l'rI,
with (,'raltblml (grey-bluej arm ofservice piping (also
used by Army Justiec officials) on three edges (not
forward todge). Shoulder StralH: standard Heeres-
beamlell straps. with Graublau piping and the
monogram 'GFP' in slamped whitc mctal kltl'rs.
Thi~ monogram was also used on standard Army
straps h} auxiliaries on temporal) attachment to
the GFr. Cu.flballd: a black wown cufil)and exists
.j,cm \\ ide. bearing the legend 'Gfhfi/1/f Feldpoli::.n- in
\1 m'cn aluminium thread Gothic script. I ntcndcd
for W('aron the lower left sleeve, it is unccl'tOlin if this
pit'et' of insignia c\"Cr saw general issue,
I I "antill/ disc: a serics of warrant discs was introduced
f(l]' German Police personnel. Two such types, those
for the KriPo (Criminal Police Statl/!iche Krillwwl
Pofi;zeij and GcSta Po (Gehetme 8/(/(//s I'oli;:.ri-Sccrci
State Policej arc f."lirly well known 10 collectors. The
GFP disc. however, is much rarer and ofa differt.·nt
~tyl('. Round rather than oval, it carries on the face
till" Arm) rather than the Slate nation... l emblem"
TIlt: l'e"CI"Se carries the legend ·Ob"kommolldo des
lI"f($' in block Latin scriPI around the upper edge
and ·Cehl'imejhldpoli:;:.n- in two lines ill till' centrc.
&:10\\ this is the bearer·s number. The disc is struck
in ~ikcr·coloured metaL
.\!though little is recorded aboullhe ...ctivities of
Ih(' CfP. at least two of ilS personnel served with
sufficient distinction to be awardt'd the Gcrman
Cross in Silvcr ;awarded for m<:ritoriou~ conduct
rathcr than comb:1l gallantry;: Ohcrfcldpolizeidir-
ektor Dr. Roman l..oo~, whme appointmellt was
Ln·lnlder F"dIJOI, Dircklor, Obl'rbifehlrltaber Siidoj/: and
HeercsfcJdpolizeimc:istcr Karl Ziegkr.
OthfrdnllJl Polire Servires
Headquarter Guards
Personnel a~iglll"d to guard duties at h('adquarter
buildings wen' issued with an identifyillg gorget
from 1937 ollwards. II was ofidclltieal construction
to the Bahllholswaehe gorget (descrilH:d below),
beilring tl\l' ullit number in the cenlre; in this case,
however, lht· scroll bore the legelld '/lolI/mfmdrlll/It"
in Cothic ~cripl.
Thnl' Ht';Hlquarter Guards had considerable
authority withill their own areas. ant' li·i('lld of the
author, it l(lfIuer SS-Umcrscharfiihrer in the
'I.l·ih~tandarte Adolf Hitler', recalled being anTS-
ted by a young I~ltfllanl of Kommillldillltura troops
accompanied by a junior NCO. H:l\'in~ produced
his papa'S 011 re'qucst he was told that the)" were not
happy with them. and was C'i(·OI·ll·d to the Berlin
KOllllllalldantura. wherc he was hdd in the cells for
over 13 houN. Only by causing such a commotion
as to Ixcome it r('ailluisance was he able to I~rsuade
his captorl) 10 contact the 'Lcibstitlldartc's' Lichter-
fdde barrack~. where the duty l\"CO lIas. able to
vouch for him and arrange his rt:lca~c, but wilholl\
any apology lix his unwarranted arrt'St. The arrest
of;1 member ofllle \Vam:,n-SS in lhe hOll1e town of
Feldgcnd....n.erie llo.cde..1 vehide m ....kingll. The st.. ndard
insigni.. "lied was a ..eetanguh... box mounted On two 'wheets'
indio:adng the motori"ed n ..ture of 'hen I..OOps. In Ihe 6 ..st
Iype wall a eron and lette.. '0' ..bove, fo .. O ..dnungll ..uppt:. The
mon common Iype fearun:d in Ihe ee"tre a Itylind t...llie
wand. The..., i".il"i.a would be painted in blaelt on lighl_
eoloun:d vehiet.,. aDd in white _ darlt-painled vehicles,
usually painted 00 the lefl wioS. The Feldgeodarmerie of the
,"e..Dla... GOrinif' fo ..malioos aw:cl a while disc bearing Ibe
lcue... 'F,' ;0 blue.
';
HiLlcr'selilc' Lcibstandartc·. and his ralher cavalier
Ireatment. show~ Ihal these KommandanlUra
guards were by no means shy of lIsing their
authority in any case where the) felt justified in
doing so.
Heeresstreifendienst
The Army Palrol Service was tasked willI
maintaining order ilnd discipline in garrison areas
(including ocensional tra!lie control dUlies;. No
special insignia Wl:r(' introduced for these troops,
but a duty lanyard was WOI'II ;llld spt'cial I D was
carried. PalJ'OI~ had aulilOrity over all Army
persOIlnd (including: adminjstrativc ollicials) in
their areas, with lile exception of officers of general
rank, Any oflellders could be rcponed b) the patrol
to the military authority responsible for the soldier
or, if this was 100 distant, the patrol could specif)
pUllishment and ha\'e it carried out by the nearesl
compelcill authority. Any soldier found withOlH
proper identification ('Quid be arrested by the patrol
and escOI'lL'd to his unit for punishment.
Soldiers in the area could be calkd upan to assiSl
lhe Ii cefl:s..~tn:ifendielIStin the CXCCtit ion ori ts d u lics
and failure to as.'.ist was a punishable allcll(T.
Patrols were armed wilh machjne-pistols and could
use these to maintain Rood order and discipline il
the situation was rCRarded as 5c:'rious, Like all
militar) policemen. the lieerCSSlrcifcndicllst wen'
expected to t:arry OUI their lasks wilh lact bUI
firmness, and show a good example to mher troops.
The Luft\\allc and Kric,I,rsmarine also had street
patrols, but all were combined in 1911 10 become
the \'Vehrm<lchlstrcifendienst, and formalised train-
ing was cSlabli~hcd in 1941.
Bahnhofswache
The Bahnhofswache were soldiers responsible for
policing large rail centres. Amollg their duties were
tilt' checking of trawl papers and identit}
documents. din:cling military personnel, and
gt'nerally assisting in the security and smooth flow
of traffic. Bahnhar.~wache were also used to scrcen
train passengers, hunting far deserters or soldiers
absent wilham le:.l\,('.
Gorget of Zugwachableihmg 5°2, Thill basic tllY'e ;5 very
t1im.ilar 10 that of the Feldgerldarmerie. All or Ihe insignia are
a"acbed 10 the backplate by 8al pro..ga. (F, J. Stepbe..sj
 AS;J badge oroffice, Bahnhofswache lrOOps wore
a liglll metal gorget similar to I.ha.t worn by the
Fddgt.'ndarrnerie, being a hair-moon shaped sheet
Orstamped metal with a rolled edge. In the centre
,,'as a Roman numeral indicating the H'thrkria or
t>.lililary District number above an Arabic numeral
indicaliu,l{ the unit llurnlx:r, BOlh these numerals, in
luminous lin ish, wcrc siled abovc a d<lrk grey scroll
l.warill,l{ the luminous ilL~cription 'Balllllwjrwac!le' in
Cot hie script. III each cornel' was a dos('d wing
l'agk. also in luminous IInish, The gorget \\as
smpt.'nded around till' Ill-ck \\ ith a plain link chain
identical to Ih:1I used all Ihe Fcldgt.'ndarmeric
l\:orgt'l. The n:n:rsc wa:. normally CO\Tred in a field
grey cloth. As all ahernatin- lO the gorget an
armband could be worn; it was in yellow cloth with
tlte legene! 'H(/ll!Ihi!f~wache' in black Latin script.
Zugwache
'rhe Zug\\ache WtTt.' Army troops assignee! fe,r duty
10 police military traim and rail ccntn'~ Ihrough
whidl largc bodies or Imops passed, Their duties
included till' lllain(t.'nance or order and discipline,
t."i('oning trains used by High Command Stall: and
guarding trains passing through enemy tt'rritor).
i\~ the "'<lr progre~sed and p;lrtisan activity and
s;lbotage increased, tllt' Zugwache troops hecame
L'SSt'lJlial to sa/i: troop movements,
As a badge oroffice. lhe Zugwachc ll"ool)1; wore a
dUly gorge!. similar (0 Ihat dille Bahllhol1i\\ache.
In Ihe cenlre was ,he monOb'Tam '\\"If '\\'ach
llataillon' o\'cr all Arabic numeral cknoling the
unit number. The scroll bore the legend '.(lIgzt'flchi
ill Gothic script. A \'al'iation or lhis gurget exists
having only a numher and 110 mOllogr;Hn in the
centre, <lnd tin' legend ';::lIgwaclwblrilufI,!/ on the
~croJI. As with the llahllhofswachc, all armband
could be worn ill lieu of tilt., gorge!.
• • •
Hungarian Gendarmerie
TIIt'SC troops wt:n' TlOt, or COUl1iC, German
personnel, but arc mentioned hcre Ix'Causc they
limght alonb~id(' their German allies on the Eastern
Front and WOI"(' a German-made gorget similar 10
Ihat of thc Fddgt'ndarmcrie,
The H 1Illgari;m Gendarmerie was originally
f(lrmed in 1881, and during the Second WOI'"ld War
lought wilh the Royal Hungarian Arm~, "earing
The gorget ofthe RO)"lllhUlgaria .. (;o,ndannerie. Obvio,,~lyof
German manufaClu~,it;5 stamped from aluminium ...d has
illl feal~s riven""" raLber Lban anached by prongs, II bas no
luminous finish, Se., Plate 03,
standard army llllili,rm with a distinctive large
hluc·grcen realhcr on tilt" cap, and a dUly gorget.
The Gendarml'fie carried nUL S{'{"urily and allli-
partis.an dutie:., gaining a fearsomc reputalion. By
Iale 19-11 Ihe Royal Hungarian Gcndarmerie
fielded fivc rull di\'isions in Ihe derencc orUudapest.
The Hungarian Gendarmerie gorg-('l was or
ickntic;ll sh;lJw to that of the Fcldgclldarrnnic but
was struck in alulliinium. I n place or the 'cortler'
bUHons were twO small rivets 10 each sid('. In Ihe
centrc was tht' Ro)al Hungarian coal Orarl1l~ o\'cr a
s<:roll with the legend 'Tiilmri Bi~/o".m~' {Ficld
Security} or 'Csn/do, tGendarnw •. On the rc\"{'rse
was an issue number. The gorW'1 was suspended
aroulld the neck by a plain link chain identical to
lilat of Ihe Fcldgend'lrnll'rit.',
fM!tell-SS Fe/((~f!lIf!(lI7llfrif
The Fddgendal'llll'rit., orthe \\'aflen-SS was a much
srnalkr organisalion ,han its Army (·oullIel'part.
bUI rulfilled identical runctions, I.ikt.' the Army
:\lililary IlolicclIlan, tile \Vancn-55 Fddgend<lrmc
was morc than likely a lill'mer civil polin'm:1I1 or an
experienced cOlllb.. 1 NCO with around ICJUr years'
service.
Each field division or Ih" \\'affm-SS had its
Fcldgendarnll'ri(' unit. For ('xampk Ihe 'f.r::ibstan-
,7
darle Adolf Hider' received its Fcldg-endarmerie-
trupp in 1940 when it was expanded to Brigade
stalu~, 'The Fcldgcndal'Olerietrupp consisted of one
ollieer. four NCOs and 36 lI1en. Vehicle status was
one Volkswagen 'Kubclwagell' jeep and II
motorcycle combinations. ,,'hen the .Leibstan-
darte' was expanded to di"isional strength in 1942
its Feldgelldarmcrie unit was enlarged to a
hompallit: this consisted of three platoons (..(ugt)
each of approximalely thc same strength as the
previous Fe1dgcndarmcrictrupp,
Phutographic records of \Vancn-55 Feldgelldar-
merie are relativc!} rare. II is probable that Ihey
\\cre used primarily to maintain order and
discipline within their 0\\ n unit lines, and their
,Ireas of responsibility were thus more rcstnctl..'d
Ihan those ,of the Arm~ Feldgendarmenc. One
Waffen-55 ,"ctcran, SS-UllIerscharliihrcr Erwin
Banmalln of the 'Lcibstandarte', recalled that
(k-spitl' saving with lhe 'J.AH' throughout the
SS-Fetdgeod.rmerie on Ihe Ea.te.... F.......t. Th~ 01_ are
r.....m "SS-PIlAZer-GrflU,dier-Division 'Totnlkopf', The
S!.abnc.....ruJIrer belding doe fi"ld Ieleph....e handset ...·n.n
the dUly g0ll:"" and Army-pauer. 'F,.ldg,.lIdartn,.ri,.' culT_
band. (Munin Verlag)
,R
whole waf, he nevcr caine aen)~~ a ~illglc \VaITen-55
Fcldgcndarllle, only tho~(' fi'om the Army, As the
Fddgcndarrneric were di";siollal troops, it is quite
possiblc that a combal :\leo ill an infantry secdon
might never meet up "ith such personnel, but
would encounter their Army COllllterparts on man~
ocnlSlons,
Uniforms and Insignia
L: lItil thl' introduction of a special SS pattern
eunband in t9+2, SS-Fddgt'lldarmen \\01'(' the
swndard wo\'cn pattern Ann} ('umland prC\'iously
descrilx.'d. Thc S5 p:lltern band \\a~ WO\"l'1I in black
rayon with a \\o\'en metallic sih-cr thread edging,
Thl' legend 'SS-Fddg(l/(larmuit' was WO\'CIl inlD the
band in grey artificial silk L..'ltin l>Cript. This was not
a su.. .c alled 'Ikvo' cuflband, but similar to an RZ\I
is:.uc type.' with \\ o\"Cn script. The 55 paHcrn
cunhand was \\ithdrah'n in 19+-1.
From 19.12 until 1911 tht 55 panern sleeve cagle
\\ as to haw Ix:ell replaced with the type used by the
Arm~. This rarely seems to ha"e been adhered 10,
hm\ ever. as most photographic material shows the
55 sleeve eagle 10 have been worn throughout the
Abovr. A Stabs"cbanlih...,r of 'Tot~nkopf' Divi"ion SS-
F~ldg~ndarm~ri~ inl~rruple8 a susp~ct wid. hi" platoon
commander, an SS-Unt~rslurmni.brrr,walching th~ prGCef'd-
in~". Th~ NCO wrars the Schirmmut",e without chinstrap, the
omc~r apparently tb~ 'old "lyl~ oflicn-'. firld ClIp'. (Munl..
V~rlas)
BlJiOlVl An SS-Unl.. r"..harrUhrrr and SS-Rou~nruhrer of
'Totrnkopf' Division Frldgendarm..ri .. cb..ck a motorcyclist's
papers. Note th.. whistle la..yard on the U"lerscharfiihrer'"
tunic pockrt. Both w ..ar lhr duty gorgrl. The motorcycle
liidecar bt:.... tb.. emblem Oflb~ division. (Mu..i. Verlag)
'9
.., 'J'IJI'UUf••U ••,J, UJIJOU, " UIIlI '1 .

ff ~ FeId'fenddrmerie
..-.- '&:I'"'••._. .- u I1 .

n ..S5-Pan...... Fddg..adarrn.. rie c:vIIba..d, of ...... sta.ndaTd throughout the whole "ar and included scvcr.1I
RZ.M Iyp.- pattern btU wi.... m.adUn... wo".... l..u .. riDp; ........ u
I-haJr, "rnbroidu""",. Use of !.hi.. cuffba..d seem" to ha"., bfl,a highly decorau~d !>Oldiers in its ranks. Ahhough not
lim.'""", ... mo.., phot~ .... ph.... how th.. Army pane... bei.ag
..,0..... (B.
!_ Davi..)
t\Lilitaf) Police in the Pro\·ost sensc, Ihese men wcre
Police I!"OOpS and did fight al the front as combal
war. On the shoulder strnps and as piping on soldiers. and SO were certainly 1\lililary I-'olicc in Ihe
headgear, the SS-Feldgendanne worc the same strict seilSI' of the lefln.
orange-red Waffenfarbe as his Army counterpart.
From October 1944 onwards, {(wmer members of 4·SS-Polizei-Panzer-Grenadier-Division
Ihe Ordml/lgsjJOlizei serving with tlw \Vaflcn~SS (and This division Ivas raised in October [939 from
many oflhese would be in the SS-Feldgendarmcrie) lorOlel' Ol'dnun&rspolizei-tivilian policemell and
could weal' as a special distinction a small diamond- Allgerneine·SS rescrvists. Commanded initially by
shaped parch on Ihe lower left sleeve depicting Ihe Gellemlleutnant Karl Plcllcr- \ \'ildenbruch, the
Polizei-stylc eagle and swastika in silver grey Oi,·ision was slill working up when Poland wa.s
Ihread. invaded. hUI it did see ~me occupalion elulics in
The \\'aflcn-SS had no Geheime Feldpolizei Poland before Ihe opening of the \\'t."Slcrn
units, though Ihese would hardl) ha\·e been campaign. After Ihe 1:.,11 of France il remained in Ihe
nC<:CS1>ary 10 Ihe 55, which encompassed such \\'CSt untillhe allack on the Soviet Union in 19.p.
organisation.... as Ihc Sicherhcit.-.e:licnsr and Gesrapo The division was alloc.,lcd 10 Ar",tt Gn/PIN.'·o,d and
under ils conlrol. look part in the ad\-ance on l.eningrad. Rather
Although the Fcldgendarmene oflhe \\"affen-SS poorly trained and equipp..:d, its performancc was
"as a ralher small organir.alion, the \\'arrcn-S5 did uneven. II '\ as im·olYed in heav) combal around
boasl IWO aClual combat divisions of Police Iroops. \\'olchow and Lake Ladoga, "here it acquitted
Although the second division. fonnt'd laIc in the itself \\ ell but surren::d hea\")' losses.
war, barel~ rcached rcgimental slrenglh, Ihe firsl From spring until summer 19.13, the division was
\\a.~ a rull~ equipped combat division which fought used fol' allli ..partisan duties in the prorecloraLC of
Bohemia-Moravia (Czechoslovakia) and in Jugo..
The final patt..rn '8",,0' SS-PoHae;·Divi..ion cu£Jband i.Dtr.... slavia, where it look pan ill the ferocious struggl(:
duc..d in 1943> wo"en i.D black artificial link with ..ih....r-grey againsl "lito's partisan forces, lillle quarter being
""",gn and lettuipg. Th.. 'cb.-querboard' efT..." on th.. re"en.. is
typical or 81:,,0 wo"..n SS cuflband... givcn on either side. In Mart,;h [~H4 the divisioll

==========================---
~~-Polizei-Division

20
mOW'd inlO Greece, where once again it was u~("d I()I"
security dUlics; divisional personnel committed
:llrocities in the l.arissa area. Late 19.H found the
Polizei Di, ision in Hung<H")' taking part in the
dcfensi,-e battles again~t the Red Arm). bdore
being lransferred once again to the nonlll'nl S<.'<:lor
of the front. After suffering hea,"y losses in the
fighting around Danzig the di\ision was pulled
I)ack lor thc defence of Berlin. whcrc it 'I as finally
de~tro)cd. lIs final commander was lilt' Arnhem
v('teran SS-Swmlart('nfiihrer \\'alter j-lar-<'.cr.
Among the most highly decorated mcmbers of the
divi.~ion wcre Ihe following:
SS-HaUplsturnl.Hihrer Heinz Jiirgens
Hcinzjiirgens was born in :\Iiltzow. Pomerania on
11 :\Iarch 1917. and commenced his milital") career
\Iith I/SS-Regilllcilt "Cermania' in Hamburg in
1937" After allending Ihe SS·junkerschule at Bad
T6lz he was promoted to SS-Umcrslurmliihrcr and
pO~lcd to the Berlin police. On the outhreak of war
he joinl---d the SS·Polizei Division and served in ils
reccc squadron during the campaign in the West.
being seriously wounded in France. Injunc 19.10 hI'
M~n of th~ SS Polini Division watch Mth satisfaction th~
railiing orthe G~rn>an flag o ... ~r an occup;~d Soviet tow... '91"
Note th~ Poli:zei.paucrn collar patches beiog WOrn in
conjunction Mth th~ SS lilee"e eagJ~. Pol;';";-typoe 6~ld caps an
being worn, togelh~r with SS issue camouflage c1othin\l.
\\:1:. prommed to Oberieulllant dt'r Schutzpolizei"
"'ilh the n'cce ~CJuadron he took pan in Ill(: allack
on Russia, and s.,\\ aclion at \\-olcho\\ and
Leningrad. In January 19.102 he \\as awarded the
Iron Cross lSI Class and promoled 10 SS-
J-1auplslllrmrtihrcr and Hauptmann der SChUIZpO-
li7-ci. Durin~ !\llgust 1944 he look command of 4
Polizei Panzer Allndarllng~ Ablcilung and ~crvt:d in
this capacil)' during the divi~ion's aClions in
H ungar)" and Czcchoslovakia from September
'9+-1 lOjanUar) 19-13· On 6.Janllary '9+5 he was
awardl.-d lhe German Cro:,s in Gold.
\\"hen im"oh cd in lhe ddeuce of Danzig a Soviet
bl'cakthrough lragmenu'd the di,"ision ami some
1Il1il~ foulld lhelllS('h"es being used as a 'fire brigade'
Linder Von ,\Ianteufld\ ;) Panzerarmce. jurgens,
wilh his rcccc batlalion ,ll1d various attached
clements. totalling around ~,ooo men, was in
dcfcn<x 01" the bridgehead al Langenberg. For four
necks he and his Illen held alit against ovendlclm-
..
 1936, he volunteered lor the SS-Vcrfiigungstrllppc.
Aller attending the SS"junkerschule at Bad Tiilz.
he was commissioned as a LClltnanl del' Schutz-
polizci and postcd to the Berl;n police_joining the
SS-Polizci Division on lhl' outbreak of war, Traupe
served with the division throughout thc opening
stag:es of Operation 'Barharossa', winning the'
Gennall Cross in Gold in Septembcr 1942_
In January 1944 the Soviet counter-attacks on
lhe Leningrad front broke through the German
lines and sevcral e1emellts of _8.Armec were in
dangcr ofbeing encircle:d. Trallpe and his battalion
held the rctreat route open for sc\-eral days 01
intensc combat against Q\-crwhdming odds, thus
allowing many German units to a\-oid encircle-
melli, Traupc was a\\ardcd Iht' Kn;ght's Cross 01

~ber,"urmbaa.nf"'ub""r "&liS Traupe, ........er of th~

Polini-Divisio..'. Kn.i,bl'. Cros. win.aU'L Ab.o a Close
CoDlbal C1up wi...."r, Traupe 00'0" th" K..ni~bl'l Woss iu
F"braary '944; b" " ..dltd d." W1lr with the 10. SS-P...""....
Divis;o.. 'Fl"Ulld~bers', (H&II. Traupe)

SS-H• .,pt.hormf"Uhrer Hein~ Ju"ll".... eoDlmand"r of SS-

Polini.P...n A. ..fkli.ru..g••bleil....! .. W1lS decoraled Wilb
Ib" Knigb,'. C 8 l'>hy '!M5- By lhis Sl.g" SS-Polini-
Divillioo pe.-.on",,1 w"r" w".ri ..! r..11 Waff".. -ss uniforms.nd
in..ignia. (H"i.. ~ Jii"ll"nl)

ing (KIds. SU'oug So";et force~ wilil hca\)' anillery

and announ·d support threw L1wlllsd"es at the
German po~it;ol1s, jurgcm' I'I"l"CC unit taking lhl'
brunt or thl' all,u;k: despite cvcrything the So,,;els
could tbrow al them the German positions held.
jurgcm WiJ~ highly comtl1endeu for his actions, and
the COlnlll;lnder.in-Chie('o["XXXII Annee Korps
praised lhe hrawry and leadcrship ~howll during
these li.:rociolls hattles in an Anny Order of the Day.
On 8 May 1945 I kinzj[irgens was decorated with
the Knight's Cros~ of the I ron Cross. jiirgclls' fmal
rank was SS-ilallptstunnfiibrer and l\fajor del'
Schlltzpolizci. lie was still ali\'e at lhe lime of
writing.

SS-Hauptsturm.f'Uhrer Hans Traupe

Hans Traupe \\as horn on 4 l\lay '9'3 in Kuncrn,
the ~on of an agricuilural official. His career began
ill 1934 when hi' joincd the Army's Infanterie
Regiment 71. Iii:. militar) service completed in
22
the Iron Cros,,, on '23 October 19-1+ nt to the
Panzertruppenschule of the Army in Fallingbostel
for training as it regimental commander, Traupc
\\as subse<IUCIllI} posted to 10. Panzer Division
.Fnmdsberg' as commander of Panzer Grenadier
Regiment '20.
SS-Hauptsturmfiihrer Johannes Scherg
johallnes Scherg was born on 16 May 1918 in
\\'iirzburg. On compkting his obligatory service
\Iilh the Rcichsarlx:iL<;dienst in 1938 he joined the
SS-\'erfiigun~""lruppein ).Iunich, and was accep-
H:d in the 55-Regiment 'Deutschland', Al the
outbreak of \\ ar Scherg was a ~ignaller in the
armoured recce troop ofthe regiment, and sen'ed in
the Polish and W(,"Slern campaigns.
In !'Ilay 19,'" Scherg lJl"gnll an officer training
SS-Hlluptsturrnf"tih....r Johannes Schrr-g, who Willi deco.... tNl
wilh the Knighl'lI CroSII wheD .,ornrn.adiDI • KompaDi.. or
Polh,ei-P u ....Aulkli........SsabteillUlfl 4 in O<:lober 19+1, NOI ..
thllt be the Close Combat aasp and the Pa."er Anauh
Badse all weD IIll the cloth embroidered ~· ....si01i o(the Gf'-rm.tUl
Cro.. in Jlold UOhaomell Scb"""l)
course at Bad T61z; and in OClObcrofthat year was
commissiollt.:d as an 55-ClllersLUnnfUhrer. Posted
as a platoon commandcr 10 Ihe recce platoon of
I, Kompanie. SS·AufklarullWi Abteilung '2 'Das
Reich', Scherg \\ent iIllo action 011 the central
sector of the Easlern Front durin~ Operation
'Bal'baro~a'. After gaining valuable combat experi-
ence Seherg eventually took command of2.Kom-
panit, of the Abtcilung; in :-.Iovembcr 19--1-3 he was
decorated with the German Cross in Gold and
promotcd 10 ObcrsturmrLihrer. InJ uly '9# Schcrg
\,as posted 10 command I.Kompanie. I>anzer
Aufklarungs Abtcilung 4- in the SS-Polizei Division.
During the division's participation in the
dcfellsiw anions against the Soviets in laIc 19+4,
contact with 5cherg and his company was losl.
Despile orders 10 retreat in the face of heavy Soviet
armoured forces, Scherg waited, holding hack the
Soviets and gi\'ing the units on his flanks time to
withdraw to safety, 5cherg then made his own
breakolll and reached safely with all his men,
including the "oundcrL On 23 Octobcr 19+4
Schcrg wasdccOI'ated with the Knight's Cross of the
Iron Cross for his achie\·clncms. On 30 jalluar}
19.IS he was promoted to I-Iauptsturmfiihrer. Al the
conclusion of the war Schcrg was captured by
British troops at L:lumberg on the Elbc Oil 14 ,\llay
19_1.:;' He was eventually taken into French
captivity, whITe he remained umil 1951.
3S·SS-Polizei-Grenadier-Division
One ofa numh<.T of\\'affen·SS 'di\·isions' formed in
the closing stages of thc war. many of which never
reached morc: than regimental strength, this unit
I\'as raised in February 1945 from the stalf or the
Dresden Polizeischulc and some personnel fi'Om lhe
SS·junkcrschult> (OflinT 'I'raining Academy)
Hraunschweig, It 'KT\Td on the :"liesse C"OIlt in
regimental strength in tht: dosing slagt.."S of the war,
and surrendercr! to Ihe $ovielS at Halbe, east of
Pragul' in ~Ia} t915.
,\Iany ad\'ersc commenlS han: been made about
the quality of Ihe 5S Pol icc troops. \Vhilsl it is Irue
they ncver reaclwd the level oflhe dite 55 Divi5ions
Slll,;h as the 'Leibstalldanc' or 'Das Reich', i:1ncllhat
they were oltcn equipped to a poor standard, the
4.SS·Polizei-Divisioll, at least, acquitted ilSelf on
ocea~ion \\ ilh somt' Ineril. and Ilumbered allcast 15
Kniglu's Cross \\inners alllong its personnel.
Uniforms and Insignia
\ lembcr" orthe SS-Polizei-Divi~iollinitially \\ ore a
combination of SS and Police uniforms and
ill~igllia" Standard Army or \\'afl("n·SS field dress
\\as \Iorn Ilith the standard SS sll'I'\"l' ,'agk on the
left ~lt~\('. Shoulder straps 11('1"(' pip,:d in 'Police
gre('n" \\'afft:"llfarbc; and Ann) or !'olic(' !Hyk collar
palche~ wen' worn. also Ilith Polin' grt"('"l1
\\'al1;'ufarlx..', In February '9+2 the formation was
Illily ab'>()rbed into the \\'aflen·SS, and thl'rcaflcr
full 55 insig-nia and rank badges Ilere worn"
Headg-car, initially of I)olizci pattern, \\a:. also
chang"cd lilr normal 5S isslle,
t\lembel's of the SS Polite Division wore a
divisional cunband. II Ii tially 1h i~ ('om priscd a black Line drawing ha ....... on an origin..l e..... mple of Ihe special
r;lyOll band with silver wir!' wcavc cdges and a gorgel pallern for Feldgendarmerie of the halian WafTen_SS
Iroops, Although it closely resembles the German gorgel Ihis
WOVCll l'epn.:scntation or the Policl.: p;lllern wrea- pattern fealures lhe SS.slyle eagle bearing Ihe f.see.. in its
thed l'agJe alld swa~tika. III Dc(cmbCl" t9.P a new talon.., and the legend 'Gendarrneria' r ..ther Ihan Feldgendar_
merie,
panel'll wa:. introduced ill Ih(' ~ame style of
manufacture bearing tile Iq.~elld 'SS-PQfll:"; Diz-isiou"
in ~il\ Cl' wire \\ ea\"e or hand ernbroickry for olTicers"
and silver-grey machine-embroidered thread for
(ItIH:r ranks, In 19.-1-3 an all-llIad.im·-woven pattern
Llljiw;rtjft Polite
was introduced for all ranks II ith th('lq.:-l"nd in silver
grc) \ITan', \Ian} phOiograph:.li'lun \"arious stages Luftwaffe F eldgendarrnerie
of tht, di\isiol1's de\'dopmcnt sho\\ troop~ wearing Of the three Fcldgendamlcrie organis.:\tion:., that of
IlO cunhand. howe\·er. tht, Luftwaffe was lhe smallcst" Only the ground
Pn'-t'niistlllelli lllembers orlhe SS 'iI·I....ing in the combat units of the Luft\\ anc had Feldgcndarmeric
Police wore ~ihTr-embroidered 55 runes 011 a l1eld CotlllxlIlcnLS, These included the LuftwaAcn Feld
grq hacking- 011 the left breast pocket of the tunic LJh isionl'n, Fallschirmjager Dh·i:.iotlcn, and the
Dul"ing- till' I."arly stages of the division":. hiMor)", Falbchirmpanzcrkorps "Hennalill Goring', Each
\1 hell IlH' I)olin'·stylc insignia \\ ere being- worn. ,hi:. divi~ioll would have an attached Feldgcndarmcrie-
runic insig-nia was commonl)' seell. trupp,
The I:trgcst of the Lurtwafli::: gHltlnd formations
• • • was tIl(' 'Hermilnn Goring' Divi~ioll (latn, Korps)
Italian SS-Feldgendarmerie and thus within this formation was 10 be round the
Thl'n:: i.~ littk reliable information aV;lilablc all the Lullw;:dli·\ largest Fcldgendanncric eknH'nt.
unilorm~ ami insignia or the Il,dian SS llllits, and \Vithill IltC 'Hermann Goring' Korps, tltert' (xisted
C\ CII less on t lwir Fcldgendannerit', PllOlllg-raphs of three Fcldgclldarmerie units: Fcldgcndarmcric-
personnel from '.!9.\\"ancn-Grcnadicr·Di\·i~ioll der Irupp Fallsl'hirmpanzerkorps '1lennanl1 Goring':
5S slum a mixfUrc of Italian uniforms ami Italian FeldgNldanneri<.·trupp Fallschjnnpall/.er Di"ision
and ~S in:.ignia Ixing \IOrn, Initillll) tilt' Italiall 5S "Ilennann Goring I": Feldgcndanllt'lil'trupp Fall·
in~ignia \\a>; t'mbroidncd on a red hacking, Inll in schinnpanzer Di\"ision "Hermann Goring 2". Each
June 19H Ill(' backing was changed to black. At Trupp \\ould typical!) haw had the following
least Otll' l'x<lmpk of a :'j:K:cial paltCrn 01" gorget for components:
till' Italian SS-Fddgcndarmelie exi~ts. The central IIQ. r!nllellf: Lnit commander ILcutnant or
1ll00ifin this I."a:.e is thl" SS-~I) Ie cagle bearing fasces Ilauptmanni. deputy commander 1.l'lltnant or
in il'i talon~ in place of the swastika; the scmlllx::ars "'arrant Officer). three fh"c Untl'rollil.itTe (in·
Ihe l('gcnd '(;'l/(larmeria'. tcrprctcrs), three 11"e men (dri\'('r~ and onkrlies).
 I: NCO, Feldgendarmerie. 1939
2: Officer. Geheime Feldpolizei. 1939
3: SS·Oberscharrahrer. 4.S8-I:toliz.ei-Div.• 1940

Umleitung
3

A
 I: Hauptreldwebel, Feldge.ndarmerie, 1940
2: SS.UDterscharfiihrer, Feldge.ndarmerie, 194O-41
3: OberW8.chtmeister. Polizei·Schutzen·Regt.. 1941

B
I; Warrant officer. Marine Kilstenpolizei. 1939
2: Feldpolm:iinspektor. Luftwaffe erp, 1943
S: Warrant orf"lcer. Marine KUstenpoli:wi. 1943

c
 1: Hallptmmann, Feldgendarmerie, 1941
2: Gefreitcr, Signals, 1941
3: Sergeant, Royal Hungarian Gendarmerie, 1944

D
 I: Leutnanl, Feldgendarmerie: N. Africa, 1941
2.: Obt'-rfe1d"'''ebeI. Feldgendarmerie; N. Africa. 1942
3: 8S-Feldgendarme. 29.W-Gren.·Div. derSS. 1944

I 2 3
-I --...,

,-
lo;C'
.
Or

.-
• •

E
 I: Hauptmann, ~Idgendarmerie,'Hermann Goring' Korp8,1944415
2: NCO, Fcldgendarmerie, Fallschirmtruppcn; Normandy. 1944
3: Oberge(reiter, Feldgendarmerie, 'Hermann G<>ring' Div., 1944

F
I: ss.UluenlUrlllfilhrer, Feldgemdarmerie, 2.SS·PzGren.·Oiv., 1943
2: Unterrddq~ Feldgendarmerie, 1944
3: Feld""ebel, Feldcendarmerie, 194445

G
 I: SS-Scharfiihrer, Feldgendarmerie. 1945
2: Hauptreld",~bel, Feldjager, 1945
3: FeldwebeJ, Feldgcndarmcrie, summer 1945

- •
;::;- r-- -

• , ,
•• ~-~

i1 -
\4
,
;:f

3
... ""---
I 2

H
3 x /'/aloo/lS: Platoon commander (\Varrant
Ollicer). three Obcrfcldwcbcl (patrol com-
manders;, 12 Untcroffizicrc five men (drivers and
orderlies) .
SU/J/JOfl Group: one each Warrant Officer (Sergeant
.\Iajor), Chid Clerk Oberfcldwebcl, Armourer
Obcrfeldwebcl, .\1T Oherli:ldwdX'1. Supplies
Oberfcldwebd, Quartcnnaster Ollcrfcldwebel
Clothing, thrCt-"-li"e Unterollizier (admin. and
~upply clerks), fi\"(' ten lll('n as mechanics, drivers,
nwdics and orderlies. Each Trupp would have a
total strength of around 100 officers, KeOs and
men.
Offic.ers and warranl officers were mainly c.."lreer
...oldiers who had comc from the Prussian L"lndespo-
lil.ci :"ia 'Landespolizcigruppe z.Il.V. "'ede', and
Regimelll 'General Goring') and the lotorisicnen
Gendarmerie. ~COs aud men were': mosth career
-oldiers and conscripts. The r>.ll.Isik.korps "-Iermann
Goring' was abrorbed into the Fcldgendarmerie in
'9-14·
The Fcldgemlanneri(' of tile Luftwallc field units
was under the clircct cOlltrol of the divisional
command. The duties ofthc 1.1I/twalli.· Fcldgendar-
merie wcre similar to those of thdr Army and
Warren-55 counterpans. Panic·ularly importaIll
was the securing and patrolling of the division's
supply wutes, prcvclilion of sabotage and anti-
partisan patrols. Fcldgcndarnll'ri,' were fully
mOl.orised but with oilly light unarmoured vehicles
and light weapons (though Pall:tcrfaust anti-tank
projectiles were issued illtl\(' lallcr pan of the war).
Feldgendarmerie OftCII fQUlld themsc... h·cs in direct
contact with enemy forces. l.uftW;:lnC Fcldgcndar-
merie were of COUfS(' rc.:sponsiblc for lhe mainten-
ance of order and discipline \\ ilhin their divisions,
and for t he assistance of the military justice system .
I For the laltlT, onl) those with former civil police
experience were UM-'(I.; The maintenance of order
and sc<:urily in n'arward <;('ctiOlts of the divisional
A ~s"ot ofa LunwafTe field Co"rt Martial;. Sicily ... 1943;
the plao:ard on the Opel Blilz truc:i1 ~a.b 'Feld!erid>t der
Luftwaffe'. Noce dUll Ihe wehide i. weD CIImOUOa!M apiruit
....emy air auacl<. (He..bert KailJ
33
an:':il~ was carried oul hy the Fddgelldannerie
platoons u~ing traffic posl.~ 011 all important road
junctions, to regulate traffic f10\\ and protl'Ct il from
parti:.<ln attack. Permam'nltraffic and infi)rmalion
POSb \\ere also IOC:lll"d at divisional headquarters.
Lufi\\alfe Fddgl'lld.lrmerie also l'I)('rat(:d im-
mediately behind Iht" !i'outline to collect ~Iragglcr~
ami li'agmenled unit~ and redirect them.
During the retreat through Poland ill I!H5 when
llnits of the 'Hl"nl1O'llln Goring' lor1l1;llions were
(·nl'irclcd. the (k~patch rider~ of l!w 'llcrmann
Ciiring' Fcldgcmlanneric carried out mallY dan-
g'('l"OUS night missions through the Soviet lines to
('SCOrl prceioll~ fuel supply \Thiclt~ 10 the be-
II'agured 'Hnlllann Goring' troops.
Unifonns and Insignia
Thl' \\'affenfarlx: of the Lufl\\am.. Fddgendanne
\\'a~ inilially liglH-hlue, this \x-ing the colour for
I,uft \\ aile Verwalt ungstruppc (Admi nistratiw
Unteroffizler Herbert Kail, a LuftwafT", F",ldgendarm", serving
with the Court Mart.ial branch, at hi" dellk 'in the field',
(U",rlnrt Kail)
t.
- ••
34
Troops of \\ hich the Fcldgendarrllerk W,L,>
comidered a p..'\rl. In 19.J.3. hO\\CH'r. this wa.,>
changed to conform wilh the orange·red of the
Arm) and \\'affen-S5 Feldgendarmerie. Thi.~
\\'altt:ltlarbe \\35 \\orn a" piping or un(krlay 011
shoulder siraps and ;L~ piping on NCOs' and men's
collar patcll(~ of the 'Hermann Goring' unils up 10
April 19.J-3. Strictly spcaking, the \,'aOCllfarlx: was
tilt' only identifying ill~ignia of (he I.uftwatli..
Fddgcndarme if (he duty gorget was nOl being
wOl"n. I( has been eonfit'1lwd, however, by velnam
of the 'Hermann Goring' Division Ihal former
ci\·ilian policemen ,')l'ITing ill the di\'ision's Fddgcn-
darmericll"upp \\01"(' Ihl' Ann~ -paltern '/:'ldgelldor-
mtrit' eullhand on lhe left ~l(",\·e. Thi" is supported
b) photographic c\'idcllcc rcproduced here.
,\ sp('cial Lufl\\ am, ver~ion of Ihe Fddgc.:mlar-
merit, gorget has \x'('11 kllo\\ n for some time from a
few ~llrviving original examples ill privalc col-
lectiom. This dill(:red from the slandard FddgCll-
danncrie gorgel in that it lealured a Luliwalle-
patlern '(lying' eaglt-, However, mo,')( surviving'
pholo~raphs of 1,11f't1l'!1f]i: Fcldgendat'1lwril' show
•
. _'I
---
'Herma.... Goring' Divi"ioD Feld~eDd.armen,Sicily. '9t3. The
'Hermann GOring' cuRband Can just be secn on the riKbT .Ieeve
of UaTeroffizier Kail, lefl. Only the shoulder strap piping
ihoWIi the branch of ~rvice On this particular form of dress.
Of special intere51 are tbe so-called 'He Meyer'lropica.l
field cap!! being ...0..... and Lb.. Iropica.l l)·le collar Tr_ _ 0 ..
Kail'. twe. (Herbert KaiI)

Ihat the Ann)' paHtTll gorg:ct wa~ almost alway,;

worn. C:onhnn;uion lt1 both tt'stimony and
photographic C\·i{!t-nce from the same n:teram IIOW
,how~ that at least within the 'Hermann Goring'
Korps, 'he special LultwaOi' \Tn.ioll \\":lS certainly
\l"Ot"ll. The smalillumbcr used, alld the fact that the
bulk or lhe 'I-knnanll Ci.irillg' units weill into
S(\\'iCl cil\)Ji\"ity, probably ('xpl:lins the rarilY of
tlw",e gorgCIS. It is probably lrue that at kast some
other Luftwalle ground unit", used thi:,> gorget,
IUJ\\c\'cr, as :It leaSI 011(> example ill a pl"i\"atc
collection was ·libcralt.'C!' ill France in 19+1-.
It ;s al'iO kJl()\\ n that 'iOme Luftwaffe units \\ ore
fidd grey uniforms, :IS opposed to the nOl"l11al field
blue from late 19-1-1 ollw:lrd~.

U"leroffirier Herberl Kail (rom Feldgendarmeriet.rupp Fan.

Khirmpanzerkorps ·Herm..... GOri.. g' 0" hor....back, Ust
Pruuia, '944' The use of horRS was because of Lbe CO..pIH
sIal'" o( Ih", roads, making Ihe UII'ual K"belwagen tnmsport
..... ther difficult. NOle that the Lul"t....rre-pauera lorael is
being worn. (H"'rb"'rt Kail)

35
 Luftwaffe Gehe.ime Feldpolizei
The Lufiwaflc rormcd ilS own Gchcirnc Fddpolizci
ill 1943. Its tasks \\cre idcmicallO those of its Army
counterparts, but or course were ('onccnJed with
LuH\\alle matters. I.uftwaffe Gehcime Fcldpolizei
wore normal Llirtwaflc !>en'ice drl~~ with the
ffJllowing special insignia.
Collar Patches: Standard Llirtwalli:: patches, in dark
grcell cloth bearing th(' j()llowing designs:
FtMpoli::.meAreliir gl'(:cn/~ihTr twi~t edging; three-
point embroidercd sih'cr star on:r sih-er oaklear
cluster. FtM/HJli;.e;obtrstkrtlih gl"{:cll,isilver twist
edging: twO thrl,(:-plJint l'mhroiderlxl sih'er stars
O\er sih'er oak1c.. r clll~tt·r. FeJdIKJli:::.n Insptklof
siher t\,ist edging; two Ihl"l'(··poilll silver em-
broidcrnl stal'S 0\ cr siln:r oakle'at"chISler. Feldpoli.:ei
"'-ofl/",isar sil\"Cr t\\ist edging, Tim'" three-point
sih er embroidered stan. over ~il\"l'r oaklear c1w,ter.
Ftldpoli::.ri DirtklOI gilt twi~t lodging: olle Ihrce-
point star \\ ithin oakleaf wn·alh. Ob,rj,ldpoli.:,i
Di,.,klor b-rilt twist ('dging: 1\\0 lhree-poilll stars
\\ ithin oakkaf wreath.
Slwl/leI" slraps: Standard Luli \\ allc-Bttl1lll", :.houlder
straps \\ ilh the followinJ.:" distinctions:
Fddj)()li::.,is,J.rftiir dark gn'('11 base. \\ lIle red
\ \·affenfarbc. flat ~il\"( ... braid \\ ith gilt letters 'C FP'.
Fflelj)()!i::.riQb,fSrk,.('tiir as ahon' hut Wilh one gilt
rank pip, F,Id/)()li::.,i I"sprklor-a~ ahow. F,ldpoli.(eI
Il-ommisar as abo\"<' hili with two gilt rank pips.
Frldj)()!i.(ri Dirtkfor clark g-n'\'ll hase, wine red
\\'affenf;lrbc, lwi~tcd "ilve!' braid with gilt lel1ers
'GI·Y. OlmfiofdjJoli::.ri {)ir,k!or-a~ abow plus one
gilt rank pip,
No special cutlhand was inlroduced (i)]' lhe
LullwafJ'e Cchcime Fddpolizl.:i.

Mftrille KtI.\lellpolizei
The Krieg:.marillc I)()sS('~~cd no Fddgendarmerie of
its own as such. but in commOlI with mo~t other
navies it did have a Provost organisation similar 10
the shore palrols ofth(' British alld L"S I\a\-ies. This
was thl' l\lolrine Kibtcllpolil.ei, whose duties
illdudcd guarding coastal defences and mailllain-
Dc"palch ride.. Wolfs.as Din~e.. f.-ont FeldSeada.....eriet....pp
F.U$Chi panzenlivi.;oo I 'He GOriaS" The special ing ord\'r ami discipline ill coastal IOWIIS \\ here
L.ftwaff pauen:l S0"let i. beiaS wo Aln ofioue.-est ;"'Wt Il~l\"al IX'NOIlIIt'I were loc<uc<l. As with the Police
the ..aifo ;s in A..... y FeldJll"" .ad 1 the Feldhla.. of the
L.. rtwllffe. (Wolfgaog Diose..) f{)rmatiom "rill<" LuH\\affc. f\rlll) and \\'a£len-55,
 gold-yellow base wen.' WOI"ll, ;\.<; was a Police pallern
ann cagle in yellow lhread (gold wire lor oflicef's) 011
a blue base on the left sleeve. A narrow dark blue
cuflband with yellow braid c.:dge~ was worn 011 tht:
lower left sleeve. bearing lhe kg-end ·.Ilanlle
Kfi.slmjJOIi::.tI- in yellow Cothie '><.'I'ipl IeWTS.

Second Pattern Uniform (introduced in

1940 )
Peakid rap: t\ Siandard issue Kriq.~marine peakcd
cap. with a national ('mblcm or till' eagle and
swastika on the crown. and a nalional cockade
The Marine Kiisleapolixej go'll". WlU,.u.a..I ia Lh.at i, does .oc
(ealure !he eagle a.d .-_.-LiIta eonJ»ern.; Ibe letlerialll and \\ ilhin a "realh ofoaklca,"e~on Ihe capband. Thesc
b ..ttoo. are in Ituni.ou. finisb "'bil", Lbe plate itsel( is silve....
lIlrc:y·
insignia were generally in yellow thrt'ad for l'\COs
and gill \\ ire for officers. Additionally. officers
showed their rank grading hy gih wire t'mbroidery
on a clolh base to thc !>e;lk edge. in tilt, S;:llllt' sIyk as
regular na\'al officers,
Tunic A standard naval i=>sue doubll'-breasted
jacket. Rank was shown b) shouldn straps for
NCO~ and shoulder ~traps or ~let'\"(' T1n&'S for
ollicers. 1'\0 ~lce\'C e:lglc wa<; worn. bUl til(: standard
yellow Ihread or gold wire ll;wa] brea~I cagle was
applied.
For some reaSOll the ~Iarinc Kiistcnpolizci ba~cd
in i\orway contillued 10 \\l:ar Ihe earl}-pancrn
uniform throughout thc war.
The rever...,o(,b", Marine Kij.lenpolize; g0'lleL., u.ique.moDg A uniquc pauern of gorgt'I was produced lor
Lb", onililary gorgeu in th., il doe. Dol have. neck "h.in, Ihe Ihese l\aval Polin' troops. III tht·typical haU:moon
loog hing.d pin p....d Ihrouflh Lh.read luop" on the j.cket
lapels. shape of the Fddgclldanncric gorget, it was lIluch
smntler, and de\'oid of any Il:ltiollal emblclIl. The
buttons featllred 011 this gorgel wen' ofthe sialldard
nwmhers of the ~Iarillt" Kuslenpolizei wC!"e ·rouled anchor' naval type. III lhe ('Clltrt" was the
{{t'llt.:rally fortnC!" members of the civil Police, and Iegcnd .\-!arillf-I,-ii.I'fI'll/I'o!l;;:el in lWO lines of Latin
this is rcl1ccled in lhe 1;\('( lhal the fil"st paoC!"n snipl slampt'd inlO lhe melal, nnd not a separately
.\ [arinc Klistcli polizci U II i1(!I'm was ,II mOSI idt,lItiUll fixed fe,ll \.lIT a~ wil h lno~t gorge-IS, Also lInu~\.lal was
10 that oj" lhe \V:l~~crschutzpoliz('i. the Iackol"a IH.:rkehaillj Ihi~g()rgel was held ill place
by a large hinged pill Oil the reverSt· which passed
First pattern Uniform lhrough lhread loops stitched to the lapels of the
P,ak,d ((I/J: A lradiliollal naval style cap with wide jacket.
floppy nowll and fcalUring either a while or blue The t\Ltrine Kli~1t'npolizci \\a~ the smallest of all
cover. Tht' cap band was black. and the cap had a the Mililary Polin' (Irg-aniS:llions,
plain black katlwr chinslr;lp and plain black g-Ios.<;
peak. Imig-nia C(lmi~lcd ora Poliz(:i sIy]e eagle and
~\\astika in gilt lUclal wilh a national cockade
<llIm·c. Poli(e COII/bflt UI/its
1111/ir: A double-brcasted dark blue Ilaval slyle
'ret'ferjackel' Wilh gilt butlons and gill piping to Ihe The subjeci ortlle German I'olicc during the period
(ufl~. WaitT Police p:Htern shoulder Slraps on a of Ihe Third Reich is compkx in Ihe ("xlrcme. An

37

Ii. ratb~r eeld_looking O~rf~ld"-"'HI from Ib", SpuWib 'Blue
Division' on Lbe Easl"'", Fronl in 19f2, ;d",n'w«t by hi" duty
gorgre and tnffi", walld. Of additional ;OIU....1 is Lb", shield
""".rillg Lb'" Spaai,,11 .,..10"... on Lb'" ri~1I1 .1"",,,,, He is armed
with I.... W.ltbrr P,& pisiol U, Charila)
clUJrtnous rang(· of I>olice organi~ations ex.isted-
SChUIzpolizci, C('ndarmcric, Krirninalpolizci.
\\'a~~(T~chLltzpoliz,>i. Vcrkebrspolizei, Ilochgebirgs
(;t:IHbrmeric, Ft:lwr~chutzpolizci <Illd l3ahnschutz-
polizei to name bill n kw, In Ihis book we will
concern our~cl\'c~ only with the Policl· units which
took part in combat operations,
Tht' Cerman Police \\as divided into two
principal bralldll~: the Sicherhcitspolizci or Sec·
urit) Police and the Ordllllllgspolizei or Orclt'l·
Police. Within till' Order Police Ihe principal
orgallis.'llion \\as till' Schutzpoliz(·i or Protection
I'olicc. one of the mallY sub-branclws of \\ hich \nlS
the Kascrniene I"oli'l.ei or Barrack Police. These
\\ere quasi-mililary I',rmations ba~ed ill the larger
towns. Kasernicrtc Poli'l.ei units developed [i·om the
Polin'i HUlldcrLschalll.:n (Ioo-strong units) ofprc-
war days. and hml soon develolX"d inlo battalion-
strength units of around .)00 men which wcre undcr
the control of the Slarr of thc local Hohere SS und
I'olizei Flihrung Higher SS and Police Leader-
~hipJ.
Poli7..ei unilS of battalion and later regimental
strength quickly followed Army combat unils into
occupied territory. Thc Army could ill allord the
manpowcr required to maintain order and prevcnt
tcrl'ot'i~tll~especially during the invasion of the
Soviet UlliOTI, where the initial welcome found hy
German Army unilS in many ar('as soon dC\'l:lopcd
i/llo hatrcd dlll'1O Hitler·s idiOlic racial policies. and
Ihe general brutality visitcd upon the occllpi(~d
populations.
Due to the \ef) lluid nature of Ihe \\'ar on the
E<btcl'l1 Fronl. man) l)oli7..ei units found thcmscln.~
in dircct combat \\ilh Red Anny units, The mOSt
famous occasion was at Cholm. \\ here large
numbcr.. ofCerman trOOI~, including Poli7..ci, wefe
encircled hy Sm-iet rorce~. After the successful relief
of the bcleagured German troops a special award in
the fiJI'Tll or an ann shicld was instituted to
('ottlmcmorate tht' :lction. This shield was designed
by Poli'l.ci Rottwachtmeister Schlimtl1cr or the
Rl"~t·I'\·("- Polizei- Ba t:lilloll Cholm.
By 19-13 mO~1 of the Polizci-Bataillons had been
formed inlO regiments, or which approximately 4-0
sa\\ action. As Ihe Poli7.(·i was ultimately controlled
hy thc SS. n--cruitment 101l0\\("d S5 guidelines, and
man) of those who joined the Polil.ci after 1933
were l:'1natically lo)al ~azis. The Polizei had its own
training schools, altllough lise was abo made ofboth
Ann} and WalT'en-55 training t'Slablishmenb.
Polizci ollicers Wl:re trained al the SS-
Junkcrschulcn at Bad '1'611. and Braunschweig,
being wIlllnissioned with dual Polizci and 55 ranks
(i,e SS-Untersturm!iihrer and Leutnant der
5chutzpolizei.) It wn'l possible ror an officer"s rise
through the ranks 10 Ix" at a dill<TCIlt rale within
each organisation, M) that an officer could become
c.g., SS-Hauptiitllnnf'iihrer ICaplain and ~I~or
der $ehutzpolizci.
In tilt." sense Ihat they wcre lIst:d principally lor
MaAy other org......;&....iolls bad lh",ir Polic'" or PalrollloeCoriry
s",rv;ce", the SA, NSDAP, SS rt", all had cbeir SCrr:ifendiensr
patrols. Sho_ he..., for tbe r",aders' inl",re&1 ill an e"c"'P"
tiooaUy rare shol of. Flem;&h m",mHr of Ihe 0"'Kanisation
Tach Palrol s.,rvic",. The lI:0rll:el, of Anny slyl"" bran' a
Polilical_pallern "'11:1"" f1a.k",d by ch", Idlers '0' ll.d 'T' over a
IIcroll with til.", Icgend 'Slreire.dienSI'. Note III.", SS run",.. woro
0. III.", tie, aod III.", '~'and",r.' arm ..hield. U. Charila)
39
securing lmflie roules, directing rerllgec_~, iln(J-
partisan dUlies, etc, lhey shared a g()(X1 deal orthc
work of the Feldgendarmcrie. The Polizei combat
units became notorious for the savagery with which
they put down any parti:.an activities ill their areas.
Although ollicially part orthe SS, these troops were
not part 01' the Wallen-5S. These Polizei units were
often greatl} li·agmcllted, with dillerellt battalions
of the s..'lllle regimcnt being lnund 011 different
sectors of the front, 01' c\'cn on dillcrent fronL';.
Uniforms and Insignia
/-hadgtllr. Se\'eral distinct pattcrn:. of headgear wcre
worn b} the Polizci combat units; thc well-known
Polizei shako \\a:. not one of them, howc\·cr. The
pcaked cap or Schirmllliitz(' worn hy SdlUtzpolizci
was of :.imilar appearance 10 that of dIe ..\nny, bUl
\\ ith the capband in bro\\ n instcad of dark green
cloth. Piping was in 'Police green' Waffenfarbc.
Insignia comprisl.'d a siker metal Polizei-patlern
wreathed eagle and s\\'astika on the band, with a
national cockade above. An ).t.j.3 EinheitslCld-
Illutze similar to the Army's \\ as also wom,
sometimes with green piping to the crown. The
insignia on this cap was a one-piece machine-wo\'en
Polizei cagle and swastika in grey thread 011 field
grey with a national cockade abo\'(.'. A Polizei-
pattern side<:ap was commonly used by Polizei
combat troops. In field grey \\'ith green piping, L1lis
bore a machine-woven grey silk Polizci-patlcrn
eagle and swastika Oil black backing. (Oflicers· caps
were piped in silver and had the insignia machine
woven in ml'tnllic thread,) The steel helmet worll
by Polizei troops featured a black escutcheon
bearing a silver-grey Polizci cagle and swaslika on
the right side just below lhe venl hole.
Tunics: The traditional tUilic of lhe SChUlzpolizei
was in a field grey cloth ora distinctly greener shade
than normal. The collar and cullS were laced with
brown c10Ih, and the culls each featured t\\'o
silvered bUltOllS, Both collar and cults were piped in
;Polizei green' WaJfcnfal'be. Standard Polizei-
pattern shoulder straps and l:ollar patches were
used, The sleeve e;lglc on st;lnd;lrd Schutzpolizei
uniforms bore abo\'e its head the title of the town in
whieh the unit was located; the fidd formations,
howe\'eL wore the sleeve cagle without such a
name, The eagle was in green machine-
embroidered thread with the s\\astika in black
4°
(machine-woven cxamples arc known). Officers'
examples were in hand·embroidered sil\'er wire,
but with the swastika still in black lhread.
Thisstandard pattern of tunic was cerlainly worn
b) field Inrmations: but as the war progressed,
much less elaborate \"cr~ions were introduced, more
in keeping with the style of tunic \\ om by Army and
Wanen-SS troop:., This t) pe \\as in plain field grey
cloth \\ith no coloured Ibeings. Lightweight
greenish field grey denim tunics \\ere also used
during summer months or in hot \\eatheL
Camouflage clothing. \\ hen \\orn, \\as slandard
Waflcn·SS issue,
Arms and equipment issued to these I)olizei unit.<.
wen.' usual!} or obsok'scent design, the newer
t.'quipment going to front line units or the
\\"ehrmacln and Waffen-SS. E\'en major units
l>uch a:. the SS-I)olizci Di\·isions sometimes had to
makt" do with obsoklc or (·aplllred cquipmenl.)
In the latter stages of til(' war. the K:ascrniene
Polizei e\ en had its own tank troops, The Police
Armoured units wer(' ('(luiplX.'d with old or
caplllrcd equipment. 'I'll(' crews wore standard
Arm)·pattcrn black Panl-l'l" uniforms, but with
green piping to the tunic collar and Polizei rank
insignia, slee\'c eag-Ie, etc,
Ti,e Plales
A I: JVL"O, Feldgmdarllli'/"ie, 1939
This ;'\ICO from one or the firsl Fcldgendarmcrie
units wears the uniforlll of' the civil Gendarmerie
bUl with Army lJ;ldges of rank and breast eagle
added. The fidd grey dOlh used lor Polizei uniforms
had a distinctly greenish shade. The collar, culls
and tunic ll'Olll !c:alUfcd the orange piping of the
Gendarmerie. As with the Schutzpolizei, Gendar-
merie ul1ifl)J'lllS had brown f:u.:ings to the collar and
twv-buttOn cuffs. Thc forage cap, also piped in
orange features an Arrlly.pattern cagle and
swastika. GJ't.:y-grecn long 1I'0users are worn, with
standard marching boots, and the i'\CO is armed
with a POB pistol.
A2: Junior officrr, Gtlttinu FtJdpoJi<./i, 1939
As it Illemht.:r of the HecJ"(.'Sbcamten he wears the
standard Army officer's field grey 1\136 FtJdblust
with dark green collar and officers'·pattl:rn siiYer
\\ ire embroidered breast eagle. The ~houlder strap:>
arc in mall grey braid on bluc·grey underlay with a
dark green base, and bear the gilt monogram
·GFI)·. The olliccr-paltern collar Li/{r1l ill siln;r
bullion arc also on a dark grecn hase and hav!' grey-
blue edge piping. The cutlband is speculative.
Original examples survive bUI it is nOI known with
any certainly whether lhese were actually issued.
The field cap worn is the standard ivlSB pallern for
olficers. wilh silver braid piping. The chevron o!"
Watlcnl:lrbe over the cockade is the dark green of
the I-Ieeresbeamten.
.13: SS·Obrrscl/Qrjiihm. -/.SS-Po!i{ri·Di6sion. 19/0
The division saw its first importam combat action
during the im·asion of France. This Obcrschar-
fuhrer h·caf'S thc standard Army to.I36 Ftldblust for
:\COs with sih·cr braid TWit to the collar edge.
.\rmY-tYI>c collar palches arc used. wilh Police
~reen \\·ancnfarbc. The shoulder straps arc 55
pallcrn in black cloth wilh silver braid NCO Trts~
SoI"mn-1oo1W:ls SS-feldA;....ciarn>ft"i., pe~_1 from. tlo..,
'LeiMI.ncb"" SS AdollHiller' inlerrosate CIlpfYred Ru....ian
ta1lk crew... e... The NCO wears tbe waterproof _ I and ball a
..is-J torch ulached hy a ,,-.aU 1...lher fob 10 Ih" .ecood
hullO"-
and Policl' green piping (though lalcr, a whok
range orWallcnlhrbe colours was lIsed). The s.ingle
pip to the shouldcr strap indicates his rank. 1\
standard SS-patlcrn sleeve eagle is wort! 011 the leti.
upper nnn, Althis point in the divi~iotl's hisl()[,y tbe
cuflhand was not in general llse.
Bl: IltlllptftldlC;rbcl. FeLdgmdOlHlrrit'. Ig./{)
In 19+0 the Arm)' introduced its special Feldgen-
darmerie insignia. This Hallptfeld'\l~bd in slan-
dard :\ 136 combat dress has orangI' \\·allcnlarbc 10
hi;o, collar patches and ~houldcr slraps. A
Gendarmerie-type eagle is worn on thc left slcc\·c,
machinc-embroidered in orange tlwead, while 011
lilC left cuff is worn the· Fdd..f{nldarmaii cunhand in
machinc-wovCIl artillcial silk. From the neck is
worn the Fcldgl.·lldannene gorget or Ri"gkragtn,
soon 10 I)(.~oml: thl: ·Irademark' of Ihe Fcldgcn-
4'
darmt::, Abu\'e the l:ockach: on the NCO"s :\133 cap
is a \Vatlenfhrbc chcvron in orange. The Hauptfcld-
webel wears the standard Army black leather belt
carrying magazine pOllches for his :\ 1»38 mach inc-
pislOl.
82: SS-l""ttrJcltmjiiltrtr. SS-Frldgrndarmrrir, '!}Jfr4J
Like most of tht' I'l~t of the \\'ant'n-SS thc SS-
Fddg('ndarmeric r('('('in'd .\rmy issuc clothing and,
initially. pal'lial .\rmy in:,>igllia. This junior :'ol"CO
weal':OO thl' t>.136 Frldhltm: it:'> dark grecn collar I)(:ar.-,
black patdll's with, on the right, till' SS runes. and
Oil the kft Ihe :-illg"l<' sil\'('r pip of this rank. Black
shoukkr smlpll I)(..·ar urallg<.- \\'af1f>nfarlx: piping
OUbidc :,>il\'C1' KeG Trrur, Tht, SS sll't'\'e eagle i:,>
WOnl, Wilh :111 .\nny-pattt·nJ 'Frldgmdamu·rir·
cuflhand; Ii\(.- gOI'f.{t'\ is alsu of .\nny paltcrn. The
AD SS-F...kllltad.rm...ri... U.. t ....-..c.h.r£ii.lanr ..itla r~tla"rnl
f ........d, East....... Fro.. t. Th.. Arm,..pau F..ldS.......nn..ri..
eufIbuM:I CUl be _ .. 0.. tla.. lo..... r I..ft ~I ~· ... N..t .. al... Ib"
earty-Iype F..klmiitu Wilb TOI~Opr bunon. (Mullin Verbs)
Arrny-pauern Feldmii/::.e retains the ArlllY form of
national emblem, butthc eotkade has been covered
by a metal 55 TOlmko/!linsi(!,llia. The blat·k leather
bell suppol'ling his holslered P38 ha..~ an SS buckle
plate..
83: Obm"lIr"'lIIei~frr, Poli::.,i-,·idlUt~I!I/-R'gimm/,'91'
. \hhough Poliet' Rifle Rcgiml"lIh c\Tlltu;llly used
uniforms more close!) roembling lhose or the
Arm}. carly uniforms rcwilll'd .he hrown Police
collar and cull' Ihcill!r.>, TIlt" gn't'll piping of the
SchulzpoliLci appt'al"<i OIl till' culE, collar, and IUllie
frolll. and there i~ a gn"('11 umkrlay 10 the
brown/sikrI' braid Police l'lhoulda strap:'>. The
SehUlzlXllit.d arm eagh' i~ t'Iubrnickr('(i in grcrll,
and lilt' l.il'::,"Olllh\· collar ll:l1eht'S art' worked on a
grcrll ba~. Green I}i!)ing alw aplX'aN in the
unique I'oliee arrangeml'llt. along tht' crown and
<10\\ n Ihe li'olll on the PoliLci-pallern F,ldmiit::.r,
\\ hich is of the '&hiffd"tI' i>hapc al>.o med by the
Luft\\ailc. Na\} and \,'alli'n-SS, A I'oliz("i cagk
iu:-.ignia. machi~ d on
hlack, is M'\\ n to the front cl dr p..-\rm) -type
trOll:-.en; and marching bor1cs an " Xll. As 'second
line' troops Polizei soktit'" -.rn- "ften i~ued
ohsokh: equipment, as ,"'th lim XCO's ?\IP28
Bl'r~lJIalln machine-pistol.
(;1: lVamml OjJiur, Man. AItS/.t:IIPOli::.tt, 1935)
The.: fin;l pattcrn unifonn \loa.:. ba...al upon thai of
the.: \\'asscrschutzpolizei. The double-breasted
naval-style 'recrcr' jacket ~ cilt oonolU and also
gold cuff-piping, A gilt ,,;~ nnbroidtted Polizei-
pattern :-.k'Cve eagle is worn "n lhr kft arm, and on
the rOre.lrlll the ·,\tariM A~n'"cufiband, Thl'
,Iloulder straps arc of'\'~hulZpolizcipattern,
a~ i~ the bell. Straight .Jac' :lIT \loom with black
laced shoes. The naval·style peaked cap has a white
~lImH1t:r crown eover,lo which i.! fiXM lhe national
c()('kadt" above a gilt Polizci ~~lc on Ihe band.
(:2: Feldpoli~tii"s~kwr, lMftu..V#fft GdInmL Ftldpo/i::.ei,
1!H3
Personnel or this sen;tt w~ like the-ir ,\rmy
coullh'rparts,or'Bcamlen' latus. This officer, ora
ratlk equivalent 10 captain, wean; standard
I.uftwalle officer's service dress differenced 0111y by
till' green Bearntcll collar patches with theu' three-
point Sial'S instead or stylised wings; and the GFP
~bolllder straps, ill brighl sil\'er braid 011 Ihe
dmraeteristie double underlay of armed st:l'viccs
ollicials. here wine red over dark green, wilh gilt
for ufliccrs) 'CFP' cyphers.
(.]: Want"'loffiur, ,\lari"t Kiislrnpoli::.ri, 1!H3
By thl' lauer pan orlhe war this sen'iee had adopted
standard Kriegsm<.trinc uniform in all l"l'l'lpects. The
small \Ilarine Kiistcnpolizei gorget is attached by a
pin through lhread loops sewn 10 thc jackt:t lapels.
/)1: lIauptlllOfIll, Fddg,t'IIdarnur;,. 1.9.Jl
This caplain commanding a Feldgendanncrit::-
truppon the Ealtlt'rn FrolH w{'ars the .\1360ffilTr·s
pat tem Ftldhlll..,t, "'he orangc-rlxl braneh-of-St'ncice
wlour fe.HurtS as 'lights' 011 the Lit~t1l orhis collar
patches; as underlay to Iht' oxidised-siln~r hraid
,houldcr straps with their two gilt rank pips; alld as
piping on the crown and balld or Lhe Sehimlfll/it:::,r.
'l'ltt' lefl slcnT eap;le is in fine silver \\ ire cmbroi(lt·ry.
,lit is the lettcl'ing on hi:- privately purchased
(·unband.
D2: Grjrr;fer, Signals TroopJ aI/ached Fe/d,!!,i'tIdarma;t,
19.J1
Soldien; from other br.J.ndH:S ofsen;ce wuld also be
ulte<:1 as temporary F,ldgnu/"nllnJ, Thi:. 1tuldier
pressed inlO service on u-;:lflic dUly wears standard
uniform and equipment, with the lemon-yellow
\\"allcnrarlw of Signals, His tCTll!X}rary alltI1oril~' is
marked by the duty gorget, and by Ill(' special
armband bearing" 'FrMgclIf/orllll'lir' in orange-yellow
on a grcen backg-round,
D:J: Strgrant. Ro;'a/lluflgon'oll (;t'IIdilrmerit. 19/4
TIl(' rather e1ahorate uniform of the Royal
Hungarian Ann) bears rank ill:.ignia on the
collar a single :)Iar and strip of hI'aid and all the
slt'l'\'c a si ngle baud ol"si lwr braid. This scrgean t, in
,\ :-'lTvice which carned itself a f(',IT'Somc reputation
ill iI~ areas or responsi bili I}, \\'e,1 l'S ;1 Germa n ,\'1 +3
hclllH't, and a Gt'nnan-madc gorgcl hearing the
Iegt'nd ·CSrl/dti'.
£1: 11111""nl, Ftltlgrtldormme: ."-Qrth ·lfrim. I!NI
This second lieutenant, ne\\ I) arriwd in Libya,
\\ears lhestanrlard tropical Ft/db/llst. bnTchcs. and
FeMmiil::.e in olive green colton. The grl')'·blue and
brO\\'11 collar patche~ alld blu(' on hrown breast
eagle were cornman Lo all ranks, Distillguishing
illsignia are Iht' shouldlT sLrap:-. of rank Oil orang-c-
red underlay, and the cumland; thl' sk'C\'c cagle and
gOl'get arc mis...ing I thl' latter rarely worn b) officers
in any theall'C of 0lxTationsj. lh~ie all-I'anks cap
insigniil WO\'en in silk are accompanie<:1 by a
che\'rOIl of \\'affcllrarhe, and the sikcl' piping
sho\\cing officer's rank. The officer's paneI'll cil'cular
buckle is worn all the webbing bell. The lacc·up
lea llwr alld canvas boots were normal wea r wit h the
tropical breeches,
H2: Obnjeldu'rbr/, Ftldgcndarmrrit: ~VfJrlh Ajl-i{(l, I.9P
III sharp {·ontr:lSI. this seasonl·d dcsc!"I veteran
wt'arsshinslec\"e order. shorlS and ankle boots. with
a Frldmiil:;:.t bkacht'd almost white by the sun and
laundering, The shoulder stl'al>'> of rank \\oru b}
n()n·COlllmis.'~ionL-d I'allks were oftropical pattern: or
oli\·c cotton, witll rust-brown silk Tussf' \\herc
appropriate, and tht' normal dull silver pips and
\Vatkllfarbe pipillg. In this dn'ss order lhl' slcl've
('agl<: and cuflhand are obviotl~ly omitted, The web
belt has the olin'-painted enlisted ranks' buckle.
and sUPlxlI'IS web magazine pOl/ches for the ~I P38,
43
t:.:T SS-lil,lgmdm71lf'. :''Y.II"affm-Grtlwditr-DidJiOIl der
SS.IY_N
The Italian !tJl"lnation and unilS of thc Watli'n-SS
wore a confusing \"ariety of German and Italian
unifonm ,md in:-ignia. This \1 P wears the Italian
Slcd hdmct wilh S5 rune decal insignia. His Italian
.\rmy lllllic hear'S the Italian 55 sleeve eagle, Wilh
the fasces rcplacing the 1>waslika; and a standard 55
rune collar patch-though a pallc.'rn bearing the
f.'SCl':'i \\ as also product.-cl. The gorget is similar to the
German model but bears lhe Italian 55 cagle O\'cr
the leg<'nd '(;f'1Idarmeri(['. He i1> armed \dth a Berella
sub-machine gun.
P,: JJ(fl(pllllmlTl, Feldgendarm,.rir, L'i!IIJ'{!U" Fallschirm-
/HII/;:,erkllrJ!.1 'J-lrmUllflI Giiring". 1.944-.15
PhOlographs ol"llle Luflwafll: Feldgclldannerie arc
1';11,:, but do indicalt: that dre&> generally followed
tha t of the Lllft walle field units. This ca pLai n of .\'1 Ps
UJlle.... FrOlOl, 19+6' Hauplma.. Ba.... and men of Ihe
reldgendarm.erielrupp FaJlsch;rmpaallCrkorps 'H.,nnann
GOring', Of parl;cWar Lal.,...... i.D this pholo ia Ih., u... of Ih.,
Army r.,ldge..darm.,rie cuflband by Ihe dri~'er of the
KubdWIIge.. and by Ih., Ohuf.,ldwebel al ""1"'0'" ri&bL
{H.,..ben KailJ
in the 'I-Iermann Gi.:'ring' corps WI'at":. standard
Luft\\aHc onker's Schirmlllutze and klllr-poekct
tunic, \\ilh ficld-blue other ranks' troUstTS and
ankle bOOlS. Collar patches or rank haw lhe white
background or the 'Hermann G<iring' units.
Waflcnfarbe appearing only in the umkrlay to lhe
shoulder straps. An experienced front lint' officer, he
wears the Lun" aflc Ground Combat Badge and lhe
\round Badge in sih-er.
/'2: . \Oll-(Qmn";~~iontd olJiur. F,ldgnulartlll'ri,. Lufl-
u'off' FolIs{!lirmfrup/ll'lI: .\ormal/{!J', I.').,..,
Thi~ hattk-hardencd military police )leO rrom a
Lufl\\alle paraChUll' unit on lIw Xormandy
ill\'a~iotl rrOtlt docs lIot display any \ isiblc rank or
hratlch insigllia. His par~l1roop combal kil includes
Ihc ~pceial rimless helmet, its cover ,llld thejllmp
~mock in 'splinter' camouflage ITHltl'rial. The
Army FcJdgcndanncrit, gorget is tbe only visible
indication of his :\IP status.
F3: Obtrgdrtiter, Ftldgl'1ldarm"il'. 1_.4tll.'Olft FlllIschirm-
/Hm::.rrdil·isioll '//ermallll Goring'. 19#
By late 19+4, when lhis l:irgesl I.uflwafl<" field
formation was in the process of doubling (nom-
inally) from di"isional to corps strength. mall}' ufits
personnel \\ere wearing Army ficld-gn.oy uniform
due to :.hortages of fidd-blue issue. This junior
i\CD wcars a fidd-grey t\1.13 EiliJlt'itljrldmiif::.e with
I.ufiwaffc insignia; lhe open-necked FrJdbJiisr has
four plcatless patch pockets. and h"'ars the
Lufiwallc br(>ast cagle. On th... right cuff is the
'J-J/'TTl/mln Goring' cuftband. on the J...oft the !\rmy-
paltlTll . FeJdgtndarm/'Tie' cullhand worn by former
GlH'lT 1x>licclllen in the di,;sion's :\fp tnxlp. His
~orgt'l i:. of the special Lufiwaffe patt ...rn with lhe
'flying cagle' national embkm.

(;,: SS- UnlrrJ/llrllljiillltf, SS-Fdd;:tlldal"lII/'ri,'. :l.SS-

Pwu:'/'I'-(;mwdier-Diliisio1/ .Dos HI'irll', 'iN3
I JI
"I 'he first orlhe wartime ecotlomy llllilbrm palterns
appeared in 1943; thi:. second lieutenant \\(',1I'S the
:\143 tunic, with plain collar and unplcatcd pockets
"ilh straight flaps. The Wallcn-5S oITker's
,houlder strap:. han' the characteristic double
underlay of Wafli:'nfarbe (here, orangc-red; on it
black baM'. A hand-embroidered :.ih'er wire SS
eaglc is worn on the Iefi skew; on the forearm, his
di\'i~ional eunhand and Ihe sp...'Cial 'SS-
F~Jdgn"larmrri" cuflband. Long field trousers. anklc
IlOOIS. and a well-Hushed Schirrnl1llitzt: with
oranf.;"e-re<l piping complete the lllliform. i\OIc
officers' paltLTIi circular belt buckle.

G:!: l"lIlnJrldu'ebel. Feld,fI,nldamltrir, IfNI

Thi:. vet('ran :-.ICO shows the deterioration in the
appcarann' ofCerrnan unilorm b) 1911, His i\143
tunic, Willi plain collar and ple<ltlc:.s pockels, is cut
from much coarser cloth than formerly, wiLIr a
sma liLT wI/ol con len t. Colla r pa tcltes are t Ill' ~aJllC a~
those worn on lhe '\'136 tunic, bUI tlte shoulder
straps are faced in ficld-grc) rather thall dark green
doth. BOlh til.... sleeve cagle and th(' ('unhand have
now lx-ell di~carded. :\Iarching boot!> han' been
replaeed hy ankle lx>ots and Cal1\':L~ webbing
anklets. The :\Lj.3 '1',1\\ edge' helmct i:.co\"ercd here
in Arm) ~pJinler·pallcrn call1ollfla1\:e doth.
(;3: hltJurbrJ. Frld~OIdarm~rir. 19.J-.1 -/]
The illlnxlucuo\1 or the :\144 field uniform saw the
linal st:lgt· ill IIIl' ~impJillcalion and Jo\\cring of
quality ofCcrman Arm) dress." with the ~IPs of
.111 natiolls, hO\\ner. this XeD has made the effort
G"h"im" .·"Idpolw,,; "'"il':m. Th" lop row &bow. th"
Luf..waff""fuyt" collar palch.... for th" nnk. of F"ldpo-
U"",olHrs"kr"tiir, F"ldpoU""iin"p"klor, and F"ldpoU""idir"k.
lor. TIl" .,,,... ral row .. how" Ib" Army_'Hyl" collar pa...,h". for
rank I':radingl ofF"ldpoU""ia....'''..anl and Feldpoli,."i."kr"tar
10 F"ldpoli,..,ich"f, Should"r siraps below are .,milar for bolh
LuflwafT" and Army rank.. of F"ldpoli,."i."krdar and
OlHrf"tdpoli""idir"klor. Only coloura u""d as d".cribed in th"
I"",t difTu"
to cn~Lln: a,\ Sl'l'l:'tl"t an appearance a~ po~~iblc. Slec"c
eagle ami "'ullhand arc no\\' ab~ent; lh... collar
patclw", of '(jcld quality'. are dl'\"oid or \\'affen-
rarbl'; ollly the shoulder slrap piping and gorgct still
indicate branch or sen."ice. The head~car is the
ubiquitous :\LJ3 EinJu:;I.ljddmiit;:.r; Ill' \\ ..'ars f\J44
troUM'N. and ankle boots with nlll\'a:- anklets.
H,: SS-Sdlllrjiiltrt1". SS-Ftldgendarmmt. I!H]
Thi:'lough XCU. thrown into the fronllinc \\ilh a
small ad hoc It ampfgruppe. GIrI'i{'~ th{' Pallzerfall~t

45
anti-lank projectile: prcvioll~ success wilh this
weapon is indicated b) Tank Destruction Badgc~ on
hi~ upper slecve_ I\s Wilh G3, only the Waffcnfarbe
piping 011 hi~ shoulder straps and the gorget now
dellote Ilis t\ II) sta tus. 1-1 is helmet CO\TI" is in \ \' aflclI-
55 camouflage cloth: he is arnll"d Wilh a slung
\J1\lU and stick grcn:ld(:s,

/-12: HOllpifddlt.rbI!I. /',ldjii/!p_ 1!}I5

This warrant officer of the dn'aded Feldjager shO\\s
:l mjxturc of uniform itl'ln:. (·omnulIl at lhe end of
the war. I-Ie \H:ar., the t\143 hdmet and wllie. but
has been fortunate enough to rClain gfwKI-<lualit)
marching boots, Iii:. \\'aJlenlarbe is infantry white,
;lIld his long combat ('x'>Clit~nec is indicated by the
Inlilntry Ass;\ult Badgt, and Imn Cros:. 1st Class on
his kft pocket, and tlw CI()S(' Combat Clasp abO\-e.
His gorgt" is of slandard pattern except for the
kgend '''-''ldjii/!,erkorp~', and on his left forearm he
wean; the n.·d hras:~ard Ix'aring the \\ords ·Obrrkom·
/1/o"do drr Il"fhrmorhtiFtltljiigfr". His weapon is the
latest SG4-1 as:.ault riOe.

H3: Feldu'ebfl. Fddgel/(Iormt'rie. summer 19B

Germany's defeat kft the Feldgcndarmerie and
Fdclj;iger formations among the List to lay dO\m
their arms. Thi~ ~CO on traffic control duty well
after VE·Day has been j>crmitted to retain his
pistoL but has removed the of1cnding swastika from
the breast cagle on hi~ !Unit, and the insignia from
his \113 cap. He wears trousers nude from Italian
C<llllOlI nage mOl u:ria I, Illllch in evidellce as Col pturcd
stocks were put to usc following the Italian
surrender,

Thr.... F..ldg.. ndarm .... from a FaUl'chirmjag..rregim ..nt in

Normandy '944. Allhough no long..r employed as p ..r ..chut....
dropped inf.. ntry, 8uch unit••till utled th.. llpecial FallllchirDl'
jiig..r helm ..t. Not .. that th .. Army rath .. r than th.. Luft....arr....
patt..rn (ll:or(ll:'" ill ....om h .. r"', U. Charila)
 I

---
Notes Iiur les planche!> en couleur Farbtafeln
A.c., ",,,... Ali,,,.,. por" runUonn< de 13 Gendarme,;.. ,i,-ilt 3'~ i"si~ ..... d. A, Dtncl Un'rr"ffin~r or.og' die Z"ilunif.... m dc. (",."b"".rir mi,
~r;ad< m,li'.,re,1 ";~I< 'ue b poil,.;.... "''''a I. <..... leur ,- ..'r dc l'ulUlOrmor de b. R."g.h... r~he" de, Armer .. ,,01 Ilrus..dict, L .. I",,,,,hl,,n ... nd d.., Grunmne drr
rolu.. n I... p.or""",,"'. hrull"- A,. Umlo<"", (I. b.:o.e (1'011"".,. de I"ann,,<\ ",'tt l'oIUnumfu<m nnd d.. bn"nt: Innt:nfu''''T. A~ I",. Ln,fo:orm .rnn Amore-
I.... ~ ..... ,bn, It "lie de< oIli<'i<Ts ..... He<:rn.b<-.mlrn.l... rubo.n aur b. mand... '.'I"
0I1i........ <I~n I nilgnitn im SLit de> Hrcrnbramtrn. I}•• S'nflh:utd ;un
.""'''', m:w"" di,trih",ion noon pon ....'nl rna'''" "<pttul.,Ooo• .4.] :,\""" Ie Clrl.,..rm ~ , .... rr hrrnu_:olx:r <krrn AU'll"hr .. no! .... nn ... 1\...1"'/1.... ,,'unk
"",!;,ongr 00 ''',.~.... de col de '}I'" ml~I",,"" Ie \\~fK"C.rb<o .... ,..... l'oIW:i <'1 .. no! nieh, bd ",,,. AJAullaJle"d i.. dic M"",hu"ll." h.,.~rni_.nirn.dirde",
l"ai'l'<'" In ..." .. <I<-""",,,,,,!\S. Slildrt .\ n''J't'''<"hrn undach :0"'00 poh...... u""" \\ .Ifor,d.,lx:.drm SS·
III l".. ~ dc t'dd.;""Lo,rncnc-WdnJi.,b.- ...."nj«". lU& ,u, b. """>ebt d ..
Adkr uod Schultorrb>richen ~Id1DUDCTtln"""
"I'" <k Ia 1'01'«0, tul>an SUr It br.>s n pbq "...1 fu '" .",rod",.. " p;o.rtir d< 111 n... .·~kIlr<r>dar .... ""'h"'~ ....... tg<:,oe Wa"" .ubr, ...... hn d...- PnlWoi
,')to. Ib W s.... p.otlC d'.,..ol< Of IlUij:nc t b df' r u"lOrmor n,i~w<. ..bliche Ad.....uf drm ,\nnri. SroiIbanll ..'" l n' "" .. nd Kr:>.~
",............... 1..-:'., """''/1:<. ' .. ban ...' La "",",,,,h ,. llloq col q"" b. FtId_ ""rrInn a'" ''lin ~,..rfuh". Ba SS-K ..:o«<". SOCh" ""...... mod I.... ~:on
Gmd.o"...",.. m&ln.....-: Ie FcldmulZe dc fa,""'" • _par , >a roorardt- <In. Mmdoodrr .\nnt't-U...bm mil ~brn ...... ngd'.,n;!"' Pa>pd. ~nd
""", ""', .." ........... Toon'lopfSS II] ~ "'''''''''" ..' nKHOItliCf'\"Cf"n b am Ln......"" .. nd Ii. rac<'~ " ... III drr r dd'!'1.....' ........ dt:r Armr. I);e
"",,1< b .oupt de> W>1lOnnc. de b J>O'io<t"..... a' lor 11",,,, , ....... ok b fddmuucdrf A.......... ha, .nW"" Kokardr. d... mU dem r(>l<n~blric"'"de<
Soh"""I'"I",.... qui "pp"",il air In ..... ncbo otic ""'an' dc b. '"Me'UK de mCmc SS vt ...ftn .. unk 113 I>ic' anti~icbn, I..'",,,",,,,n 1..lonhm di<' roliznfarhrn
q .... 'ur It "'~ <t h 1'-',1<" <I·q>"ule. Co dcrnInn r1~n, I..,'..... ~' :Org<"11 JIOW" 1;> und <I.. SCh,u"m....' Ion; ,n dir>nn Bn>J-I m" dTI- p-"nen 1''''pe1 de<
f"l'bt~. '(>1<>; It lil<'f'( uniq .... our It calol do "lit poIIc< L'" ftlu,f"""'C'" m,ln... rr Schu17po!r:t<1. w..
.n <I .\!a""ehrt'<n, ,......... ul dTI- Lnifomlp..-I..r. <1m K",g.,....
olJ.Iook,c ~'4" .,.".,.." <I,"';bu<-. ..nil SChull.....h...,;rhrn ~u Ier"....." ;g. I...,ztrre " .. nk" n' drr br:luIlC:ll u"d
C, 1) "I".... rlll~funnc de- la \\'."".",.,huUiKoI.ln "... r~'gl~'111 1:0 maochc- c,
.ahorn..." I'oo""r''''·.... I\d "". Zu lx:mc:rlu:n ,,' d... nnm.li~ 1'...",,1 an <kr
J'oI,urkopp" \'Clall". ,\,mcr·'\,,,,us1n"ll " .. nk 00 ."'ftt'KcI",,,.
l'''''''''''''''urb ca4(Ju''I,.de''lk poIicin .•" Ie ruh ".u, I:>. ma'leh.-<ku ... ,,-icr-.
Cz UtlllU<m~ d'"llic,~rd~ 1:0 l."ft .. affi- :0,"'- In'igr (j.,. fir..",.". k ooulJk ~"d C, DI<tr L",f,orm. hr",h, :ouf dcr drr \\,....nch",.z~l<)Ir.... r. \um.lJrlld is, ,kr
If"'l:~ 'ur ,...rl <k I:>. p'o< d'<p.. ,,1t <t I. ma"1 .... 'GFI" .(Icn"r"'renl ,...Ue arm<" Adl",:om ;,""...1"'", l),.; lkt 1'00i,";. dr" K'Pl"'m'I>l~"'<1' ""d <l a• 5w/lband am
I""'lrculi~re. CJ A ,~.,,~ dal~.Lt. I'"nrr.,n,,~ de I. K,,'1t"m.,,"~... 11 ",f .dop,~. U"""t'.m. '" 'l1..... m o.<'.'1,berrich. Cz Die Ln,lonn ,,"n
1...,1,,,alle.()uc.
1.'1 I~aq..., de ,-.;,1.,.1 fpi"~I",, ,ur Id ""en, Om,i.., nlH I\r.""..
ni....i$"".n, 0<:, 'luv(",I". nM ""d ~rt"lC llim"'!l',,,ndd,,,,
S<lrulr<1 all",d...,.. und oIr~ Abkurzung 'C F1" "or' de< ~.r~"n .. "ng".iclr"n ru,'"
D, 11",,,,i, I'.itrk 3f<:~nl "" I. manrh~ er Ie rub." de m.nd,c, l"unil..".me <:<,Ia !In,,mnHe.. I:rnhril. CJ Z .. dir>t:m Z~i'pu"k," ,,,,Ie di.. K""'l'"""in,·.I:"ifocm
I"""" de <.Ilnp,.~r"' ,Ie l>.... e d'un "fEeier de ran"'.... '''C<' Ie W"f1'·"farl.., oea"ge I~'r"i" h.n"".l. I><r Kra~,''''piegrl ..... 'mlr.m fl.i,'" ",it ,\addrr Ilt"htigl.
de ,'cUr ""m,'. D. ~('"I, ]a pl"'l'" <I,' col cr k br;l"a.-d ""U(IUeJ11 l'alTecratron
1"'''I)(>1,.i",·,Io-,,·' 1,01"'.11<"" la Fdrl",·ndarmcrio-. OJ I... in'ign("d.'col ell" lJ'elOC Or A""cr d"", ,,11,,.,.rr,01l A,lle, am .:-o.''.'1el "nd d.n' StoJlh.,tLd am U,,'cm,m,;"
'Ill I:>. "",,'ehe i"d~! <letl' Ie ~r.<lr de c. ,,-,,"-{JllLcir": I" I'b'I"" de ,,,1 dc fahric,,,ion d".... C"ifocm mi, ,Ie,
o,",,,'ge,,cu WalTe"f",\>t' olio-v' Ahl .. il''''~ <l;. uhliche
"llc""""Ir' I"''''' dc> Iw,e, hon_~mi..... , l\rkl.idu"g ""'"' A,,"ee·Offi,;en im l'rld. Oa ~"' dol' KI'.~ru'I,,~~d und d;e
E. ,,,u,·~a......,,u, il purl< I' unifunrre 1l'O,-"ullOmallr; l'ai~le ,ur Ja m.no:l>r Cl la
A""hind.. ",,,<:,,d.,,, ..f hi". d." die."T .\lann Ill" ,'"....
h<rg.lo<nd d~r
1'1"'1"" 01.. ~<ol e.. lk•• i "'anr rar<: palmi IN 0I1.e~B: n....."'I'a' rrlOlm"" e' I'd''.'1<
t'ddgendal'",rri" "'o;rteil< "·,,,d<. D:J Ili" K'.~""i.. ,,~,,io" u,~l ,Ii,
.\bru<h<l_
"''''re.'' "',iot .. ""f d,,, R.nl( do U"'cnoll"irr> hm I)", in r>e"Bcl<la ..,j
d" ..'!',;.... "·...1 ,,~I~lu<C'In< p.<' Ie Waff... "f.. b... ~t Ie ",I",n ,n, Id rnarort... E~ Un
~dt"igt" K... grr"l~"f"l hi,S' ~inr-n ,"'g.,i""""" !i<hl1f.. u~
n'.'1f<>rme n",n"~,,, ,It'• .,;g..... d'"s"" a I~ lon~"" dar.. ~ ,00" condi,i""" <lu
<Inc". 1\.,.c£ Id ,rniot, 'rovicale 00 pa"e> d'f".ul~,l.. ocra,k. Ie ,on br'''''couilk E. 1>iroorT "eu."~u<nml.n~ ''''gtdrr''andarr:l'.'1"Wg. ·ll'01"', ".r"nn. Orr A<ll",
rnnpl~.", I~ 'et>«" <I'~ntenl E3 U"" ' ••;aliuo. ,1 (.,"'bolla ....... Ii", d""..,.,... auf <lrm Arn",U ..rod Krag"",piLKd. heo dr, Oni,i~ "ilOt.m .. ..,ig
de> u".un.... Il.~,... '" "Iltm.n<b n "'''lI''''"1""'", par k ""norrnel SS ilalicu ,.,.,,~.odr. Nod ",eh, .u >then. 1),< .'\ht",lun~ "ltd nu, dURh d.., \\ :illCnfarhor
..", u"" <'OfIit" i"Lh."ne de I:>. pbqu, de rot ..nil <km S,ofIb:>.nIl am Ln'......m enichWch. E2 [),..., Unrwm "u,lk I.ng. in
de, W ,I{C1'-"'J(ftI An <ke r'opemrnoon IOl .ultoUt-nd. da>o dK
.', I"" r""gr... de «II """ ..., Ie IOtrd bLaoc de cell' <Jj""on. >tulle IOtrd de- I:>. 'ich..I<", ntato.<nchen a ....dIe der silt.rm.er. nne ,bn ...... 1'..- ha"... E]
1'""' d'<pauk ..od",,,,, I otrm<: de b. poI>c...... COlmparcnr, VI nffir.... dr b IiI/:"" de bll" \·a".."",. der ,,..ldidru""',.... K""'bi uo " doer ,,,,,h"'lUChen und
fffln" .,.-.: o:Ioo:or.u........ de combat, """" """ "' , ",,"'n ororn:uro de- dru,,,,hr,, "Il(w.....,,, ..
l nil I",i,,,,,,,,, <I.., , <In- u............ hen ~ mi, ~ .....
1oOkLl, f:o I.. pLq"" de- <01 mr.6'...... DO L.
....arhu'... < " <1a", b ~'.Id~:o'"""",,. f,
"wIion'
u...
q .... u ~
Y.ul<lor>n ~ cam~
;...Iieo,,,,,b..,, Knpr ..... Kn!l'.....p.rg.,k ~",«<II ",,,,It
fuo-nlll""I<Md ,,1tun 1on:JUI: It nom..... "'" me'.'1...... do' Ia <I......... a ..,double F. I>ic' li..at.""""1''''''' ha..... fU,<I..,.". 0.,.......... <"......._ H....."..--..nd.
• b I", de f .."' '4H l.n iniig.on de L..f,,,""' """ M[p<»<'> ... i ...r ..... N.. ,doer .I',n,rrlVUnIl doer ~h" ....... ,.d". "6,, 4urd", frldlonli.riahorilu..,: IUn.
'-n.-..... nb mdll~'''''': ""'rz'" ",ban dr dr 1:>. <I..~. ruban <Ie manehe l>or>rr h"",oil",...... den K:&mpbuucichn.. "$"' ,,-"It' d... herlommlichrn
dr 10 l<'ld~~ lUi~,~ire POO-'" I'".d·.._,,, "'....... <k ......,...., dam SoId.o,mhtw" "nil s.,...feI Fa I).,. "'b_V.ogeoo~ " ..... "'" rbn.. f"'".
da..
I' u,..... do' I."....... I:>. 1),,,,..,.,, n 1:>. flbqUl: <Ie «II <Ie I, l.uIi".",", dinn L' "'...uIr dt:r r illochmi""'pri",.... Ion <In' I dd~od,""",,", ",n~'z,
&. II po" .. "" funif Mr'H3 plu. lOmpk ,,' .. 1<' \\,,1,"',.,1... di." i(
",m f3 JM frid " U.ulOnne" wunkn "",nehmal .....~ ....n,.:ol....h dit
1);,."",,"1"""" "odr '9i4 ,~tr. I);e In,,~ drr Luf,,,-.II<-i..,t1 hir.- auf
n.-.nl:~. ""'t£ ..... ... ba de manehe <Ie 1;> d"'.....' <k 1<1 ss.f,ldo;mda . dct ,\ Ln,lorm 'u or...." 1' .. bmw:rk..." r>t <I.. S,oll".nd am Un,."..m
w.\ rrl1r da<r on por1~ pl... I':o~k t b. m.n n; Ir ",loan de manchr: w",,-r Ix, ,. 0 .... S...m.. nd ;un l;n'...ar", ''''' tin Am...... f~ldo;rnd..-.ncrir
I'ullik:>tn... de "H3"" hraocoup pl "pIt <t d, q I"r h.rrr rru""".. rr pa, ""rr:l~ "nn e m:olol:..n l\tTut;,poIi.ti"..." dLt o.""""'ltnli.ri.bnl"';, ._mm.n
t'41'IKor, dna I'"" <lrn". G:t c.- 'n ·olJicirr '~nl< <Ir ~_".." "-'" fkg."",: n,i, den, l.url,,~IT,,·K'~~"'pi"ll"lge".gr".
",.Ig,... I. Un I '1".. lile de l"u"if"""" <k '9H I:.. ,l(lr~, Ie ruloan ou, I.
m.,,<h~ n", ft "dnnn... p:ar d.... ,., oIlirrrl G. II,. ~inl;OC""~ Mr~3 l:niform "'urd~ '.'I;, <1<:" aulbUe"d"n o... ngenen

H, L.r~ .. ,bru I'o"i,,,, ."..r un Kaml'fgnrppr. il. drja ,Ie< ",....... "''' '«lui.
",'<'C I. 1'.""L·rl",,1. lIcul. Ie li,.,,-,' '" la pbq ..,· d...... rd.. nlrfi~." ,,~, a,m~
II 'm;g;"', 112 l 'n ",il. "g" ",II"""''''en, co"'. ,,' d' ''lid.,. ."cie", el ,,~uf;, porl6
j ..... "" ""b·"(I",,,,' <I"" ,<:<l""l<> ·e!la'...."'" d.· ,i'rr' ,tim h ,kmi/'rr< ha,.ilk,.
Ce" IHl t,,,,,a,,," ""pi..in",nl' <l il pone I.. \\ .11,,,t.,,'b. bla,,{, I.• plaque d~ cui
",,.IC l.r k~"",k '1'.ldl.,~crkO!V'·' 1,· h"",.ml '''''~'' 'Ol~',knm",andr\ drr
I \ehr'ln.d" . 1 d<!j.r~er·. 111""''''1., I,,,il sr'll HJ E" rni"i,," .P',",,1d allii~ ap,6
IJ 1;" ,k la ~,,~,,~, C~ J~~.ci~, de I" C;'Tlll"h,'" I"'''to· ""'I""'" ...-,n Ilnifmt1lr
,,'Cl'",'" i"";.~11'" .~."" "ITrr,i,~.,· ., ror".,,,·.u" pim>lcl Lt... JM"'a]oH' """
d... " "",. ;,,,~l;' ,t.· "dn"",lJd~" ;'ali<nlM',
\\"alfenf.d... ~"ag'''' Di. SloIlb,urd" am Unt...... rm, ,Ii,
'nn der Di,ilion nnd
oj.,. SS·Fddgr"da'''''''''' I.. nu'.. ""rdrn. ,irtd h,,,, IU orhen, Ga Wad", d~r
..\ dl" .rrfdern A"".U noch da' ~loIlbarod ...",de hen".... Die Uniform an' d.",
Jal". 'Q.l'''' "nf,,,I;,-I, "inf.<h<, g..,..lt.,
,,,,,I "on Ilrroerr'Q",<1"a', &3 Dir><:r
U"'e,,,tlil.irr' """ud" ",il >cin~r M L9H U"ifi",n. ,Ii" ,'on ,.bl""h'., Quali,,"
",ugh'. "i ...,,, ~"'rJl l~i!ldn"'k zu him<'Ia.... n. Ci..".,,, utli,idler """ei,,,ng
"'IlI~e d~r A(ll<r' am Arm.lund da, Swflh",d wr~g..I"","n,
II, •• , iI:" I~'rri" I...; 01... 1"""0'1""" bfolge !."mel< .md 1~'!lr"t" >ich in, l:imalZ
bti dr, K.""pf~tLlppe. NUl die P""p"1 ,,,,<1 d.,. Kr"g"'''I''C/ld I....... n ",in~rr
""I"ungl;"h." I Ir~ru,br,,,idr "h,men. H~ [me h,mtl~ "n.", «tf.nde Mil(hrr"g
'u. aht", "IllI n,'''''''' Zuhrhn... d .. '·on d;""'m IJrrl(l'oI1i''''r, .1" ~dUrrh..'"rr
'Knpfjagd ".>I"."d d.,. I"werr Kampll,••odl .. n~.n ,,,,,,08m ""nl•. f:. n, ~in
~rfaj,;etreT I"fan ...u",>l<!a' und II.g' <I .. "....., \I a11n.fa,bt. 1),-" K,.o:c",I"'-ll:,.)
hi,S' <lrn Sch"f" ..g Fddj.!l"korp<' und oIr~ ""~ Arml"",\( 'OI:JcTkommando
drr W.. h,ma,hL l'IdJall.,r". b ". ""1 .."", M..H tw..afli..". IIJ Naeh
Krrcpende ...,1« dC'" Kom"",""" drr AIIi..."<n. "al\' drner \ rr~.h",poI;~i"
rm ' nn<h <I ... Ln~Onn ri"i~ lu~~"ic" "·.. nJr,, m,fnn,-.. lld rr hehir-I,
~ I',,"..... 0... lI...... lOnd ~ .... ;uhrru..-hem ·I.m",.."nal herltOldl<