Sie sind auf Seite 1von 51

reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.

com -- 1

SAT Math Study Guide 2.3

Begin with the Math Diagnostic Test. Use the test to direct you to the videos that target your
weaknesses in content and/or application.

This study guide is for use with the SAT Math Bootcamp video series & the introduction
videos of the SAT Math Tactics series. You can find these videos in the Math section of
reasonprep.com.

SAT Math Bootcamp – Covers the CONTENT tested on the SAT. Check the lines after you
watch the video.

___ #1 Properties of Integers ___ #21 Absolute Value

___ #2 Number Lines ___ #22 Translating Word Problems into Eqns.

___ #3 Squares and Square Roots ___ #23 Inequalities

___ #4 Fractions ___ #24 Systems of Equations

___ #5 Reciprocals ___ #25 Solving Quadratic Equations

___ #6 Decimals ___ #26 Rational Equations

___ #7 Factors ___ #27 Direct & Inverse Variation

___ #8 Remainders ___ #28 Functions

___ #9 Multiples ___ #29 “Special” or Symbolic Functions

___ #10 Prime Numbers ___ #30 Transformations

___ #11 Ratios and Proportions ___ #31 Geometry Basics

___ #12 Percents; Fractions & Decimals Revisited ___ #32 Angles

___ #13 Sequences ___ #33 Triangle Basics

___ #14 Sets ___ #34 Special Triangles

___ #15 Counting Problems ___ #35 Congruence and Similarity

___ #16 Algebra Basics ___ #36 Triangle “Inequality”

___ #17 Factoring Expressions ___ #37 Quadrilaterals

___ #18 Exponents and Exponent Rules ___ #38 Area and Perimeter

___ #19 Exponent and Radical Equations ___ #39 Polygons

___ #20 Solving SAT Equations ___ #40 Circles


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 2

___ #41 Solids ___ #45 Charts & Graphs

___ #42 Lines & Slopes ___ #46 Mean, Median, Mode

___ #43 Miscellaneous Formulas ___ #47 Probability

___ #44 Geometric Transformations ___ #48 Geometric Probability


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 3

#1 - Properties of Integers (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Arithmetic videos)

Integer: any positive or negative whole number, including 0. NOT a decimal or fraction.

Consecutive Integers: Integers follow each other in order

four consecutive integers

five consecutive even integers

four largest consecutive negative odd integers

Odd & Even Integers

even -

odd -

even + even =

even + odd =

odd + odd =

even x even =

even x odd =

odd x odd =

Additive Identity:

Multiplicative Identity:

Zero Property of Multiplication:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 4

#2 - Number Lines (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Number Line videos)

Estimating unlabeled points

Operations with points

x-y=

|x| - |y|=

Finding the "jumps"

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 5

#3 - Squares and Square Roots (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Radicals videos)

x =

x2 =

y =

y2 =

x =

√x =

Inverse Operations

Squaring Fractions

Cubing Fractions and Beyond

Memorize the rules and/or reproduce them on demand.

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 6

#4 - Fractions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Fractions videos)

An elementary school topic....remember the properties...know how to work them by hand...don't


just rely on calculator...

Adding & Subtracting Fractions

Simplifying Fractions

Mixed Numbers & Improper Fractions


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 7

Multiplying & Dividing Fractions

Nested Fractions

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#5 - Reciprocals

Negative Reciprocal
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 8

#6 - Decimals

Rounding

Adding & Subtracting Decimals

Multiplying & Dividing Decimals

Repeating Decimals & Grid-Ins

Scientific Notation

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 9

#7 - Factors (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Factors videos)

Factor: number that divides into another number without remainder (a.k.a. equally)

Prime Factorization

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#8 - Remainders (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Remainder videos)

What's left over after you've divided as much as you can?


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 10

#9 - Multiples (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Arithmetic videos)

Multiples of a number n are numbers that n is a factor of

or just multiply your number n x 1, x 2, x 3, ...

Least Common Multiple (Denominator)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#10 - Prime Numbers (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Arithmetic videos)

Prime number: number that is divisible by one and itself ONLY

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 11

#11 - Ratios and Proportions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Ratio, Proportions videos)

Ratio: relative size of two quantities (their relationship)

Ratios vary by common multiples up and down, yielding...

Proportions:

100 tea bags contain 8 oz. of tea. How much do 3 bags of tea weigh?

Ratio Box

In science class, there are two boys for every five girls. If there are 35 total students in the class, how
many are boys?

Rates & Speed:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 12

#12 - Percents, Fractions, Decimals (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Percents, Fractions
videos)

Percent: out of 100

Percent Fraction Decimal


25%
9/200
.45

Percent to Fraction

Percent to Decimal

Fraction to Percent

Fraction to Decimal

Decimal to Percent

Decimal to Fraction

Translating Words to Equations With Percents

What is 25% of 50?


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 13

Translation rules:

What, a number (variable)

is, is equal to =

% decimal form

of multiply

32 is what percent of 96?

Real SAT Grid-in: If a + 2b is equal to 125% of 4b, what is a/b?

If 20% of m is 40, what is 15% of m?

For more example problems from real SATs, see SAT Math Tactics.

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 14

#13 - Sequences (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Sequences videos)

Find the Rule & Extrapolate

Given the Rule, then Extrapolate

The first term of a sequence is 5. Each term after the first is three times the previous term. What is
the 4th term of this sequence?

Plenty of examples in SAT Math Tactics, including those questions that seem "impossible," e.g. ask
for the 122nd term.

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#14 - Sets (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Sets videos)

Set: a collection of things; made up of members or elements


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 15

Venn Diagrams

See SAT Math Tactics for example problems.

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#15 - Counting Problems (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Counting Problems videos)

How many ways can we arrange things in orders or groups?

Ex. You have five shirts and four pairs of jeans. How many different outfits can you make?

Ex. Twelve ice skaters are competing in the final match. How many different ways could you award
gold, silver, and bronze medals to skaters in this group if you only have one of each medal?

Ex. There are ten dancers in your group. You need to arrange them into pairs for the competition.
How many different pairs of dancers could you create?
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 16

#16 - Algebra Basics (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos)

Adding/Subtracting v. Multiplying Dividing

Solving for x

Two rules:

1) Get x by itself

2) Whatever you do to one side, you must do to the other (can't target individual terms)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 17

#17 - Factoring Expressions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos)

1) Difference of two perfect squares

2) Finding common factors

3) FOIL

(x + y)2

(x - y)2

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 18

#18 - Exponents & Exponent Rules (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Exponents videos)

Definitions

Exponent Rules

1)

2)

3)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 19

#19 - Exponent and Radical Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Exponents,
Radicals videos)

Check out SAT Math Tactics: Exponents for actual problems.

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#20 - Solving SAT Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos)

The SAT knows you will approach algebra problems like you were taught in high school algebra, so
sometimes you'll need to think outside the box.
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 20

Solving for a variable in terms of another:

If 4x+2y = z, what is x in terms of y and z?

The best way to learn: real practice problems. See SAT Math Tactics: Algebra.

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#21 - Absolute Value (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Absolute Value videos)

Definition:

Example:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 21

#22 - Translating Word Problems (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos)

3 times the quantity (4x+6)

A number y decreased by 60

Five less than k

x less than y

20 divided by y, quotient

20 divided into a number n

is, is equal to, was, equals, has

more than, sum, greater than [five more than x]

less than, difference, fewer than [the difference of a and b]

of, product

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 22

#23 - Inequalities (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Inequalities videos)

Definitions:

Examples:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#24 - Systems of Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 23

#25 - Solving Quadratic Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Parabolas videos)

No quadratic formula needed...just find the roots

Axis of Symmetry:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#26 - Rational Equations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Algebra videos)

Polynomial in numerator and denominator...

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 24

#27 - Direct and Inverse Variation (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Direct and Inverse
Variation videos)

Directly proportional...varies directly

A is directly proportional to B. If A = 10 when B = 2, then what does A equal when B is 6?

Inversely proportional...varies inversely

When x = 12, y = 10. If x varies inversely with y, what does y equal when x is 30?

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 25

#28 - Functions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Functions videos)

Input --> Output

SAT: Know when to look for input vs. output

Graphing Functions
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 26

#29 - Symbolic Functions (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Symbolic Functions videos)

Input vs. Output

Let a$b = (a+b)/(a-b). What does 3$5 equal?

If a$3 = 3, what does a equal?

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#30 - Transformations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Transformations videos)

Function Notation
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 27

Negatives

Absolute Value

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 28

#31 - Geometry Basics

#32 - Angles (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Angles videos)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 29

#33 - Triangle Basics (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Triangles videos)

#34 - Special Triangles (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Triangles videos)

Pythagorean Triples

45-45-90

30-60-90
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 30

#35 - Congruence & Similarity (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Similar Triangles videos)

Corresponding Sides & Angles: Two congruent triangles will have equivalent pairs of sides and
angles. (Fancy: Corresponding sides and angles occupy the same relative position.)

Similar Triangles:

#36 - Triangle Inequality (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Triangles, Miscellaneous videos)

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 31

#37 - Quadrilaterals (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Area, Perimeter videos)

Angles in quadrilateral add to 360°

Parallelogram: opposite sides are parallel and congruent; opposite angles are equal

Rectangle:

Square:

#38 - Area and Perimeter (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Area, Perimeter videos)

Perimeter: Sum of all sides

Area: Formulas at front of each math section


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 32

#39 - Polygons (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Polygons videos)

Shapes with more than four sides:

5 - pentagon

6 - hexagon

8 - octagon

Regular polygon: equal sides and angles

Sum of Angles:

Measure of one angle in n-sided regular polygon:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 33

#40 - Circles (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Circles videos)

radius

diameter

circumference

area

arc

sector

central angle

tangent

NOTES & QUESTIONS


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 34

#41 - Solid Geometry (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Solid Geometry videos)

Cube:

Rectangular solid/rectangular prism:

Cylinder:

Other Solids:

Surface area: sum of areas of faces

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 35

#42 - Lines and Slopes (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Lines videos)

Slope:

"Rise over run"

Slope-intercept formula

Parallel lines: slopes of lines are equal

Perpendicular lines: slopes of lines are negative reciprocals

NOTES & QUESTIONS


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 36

#43 - Miscellaneous Formulas

Midpoint formula:

Distance formula:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#44 - Geometric Transformations (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Spatial Reasoning,
Transformations videos)

Translation:

Dilation:

Rotation:

Reflection:

Symmetry:
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 37

#45 - Charts & Graphs (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Charts & Graphs videos)

Pie chart/circle graph:

See Math Tactics!

Line graph:

Bar Graph:

Pictograph:

Table:

Scatterplots:
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 38

#46 - Mean, Median, Mode (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Mean, Median, Mode videos)

Median: middle number of ordered list

Mode: number that appears the most

Average/Arithmetic mean:

See Math Tactics for arithmetic mean tricks, especially "finding the total"

NOTES & QUESTIONS:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#47 - Probability (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Probability videos)

Chance that some event will occur.


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 39

#48 - Geometric Probability (for practice problems, see SAT Math Tactics: Miscellaneous videos)

Estimate:

NOTES & QUESTIONS:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 40

SAT Math Tactics – Covers the APPLICATION of SAT content to real SAT problems

Videos #1-7 are located on reasonprep.com for free. The rest of the videos, listed in this table of
contents, are in the Members Area. Learn more about the Members Area at reasonprep.com/enroll/

___ #1 Introduction ___ CHARTS & GRAPHS

___ #2 Math Section Basics ___ Read Carefully!


___ Fill in the Blanks
___ #3 Pacing and Guessing ___ Must Be True
___ Combined With Other Topics
___ #4 Math Myths

___ #5 Core Strategy


___ ARITHMETIC
___ #6 General Strategies
___ Basic Operations
___ #7 How to Get an 800 ___ Prime Numbers
___ ALGEBRA ___ Evens & Odds
___ Ordering
___ Solve the Equation ___ Must or Could Be True
___ Substitutions ___ New Definitions
___ Test the Answers ___ Digits
___ Translate Words into Equation ___ Multiples
___ Translate the Real into Equation
___ Multiple Equations ___ ANGLES
___ Stack ‘Em
___ Plug In ___ The Angle Game
___ Shortcuts ___ Parallel Lines
___ Cross Multiply ___ Triangles
___ Use the Rules ___ Plugging In
___ Distributive Property
___ Finding Constants ___ LINES
___ Equal Parts
___ Finding the Equation
___ Slope
___ FUNCTIONS
___ Rise Over Run
___ Input v. Output ___ Parallel & Perpendicular
___ Tables ___ Best Fit Line
___ Graphs
___ Plug In Values ___ TRIANGLES
___ Exponentials
___ Translation & Constants ___ Sides
___ Nested Functions ___ Using the Pythagorean Theorem
___ Special Triangles
___ Equilateral & Isosceles
___ Overlapping Shapes
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 41

___ CIRCLES ___ LOGIC

___ Get the Radius ___ Brainteaser Problems


___ Circle Logics ___ Must/Could Be True
___ Circumference
___ Overlapping Shapes ___ FRACTIONS
___ Central Angles
___ Area ___ Know Fraction Properties
___ Basic Operations
___ SEQUENCES ___ Translate Into Equation

___ Find the Rule ___ COUNTING PROBLEMS


___ Using Expressions
___ Extrapolate ___ Use the Lines Method
___ Do Restrictions First
___ Brute Force
___ EXPONENTS ___ Eliminate Extra Pairs
___ Be Systematic
___ Know the Rules
___ Fractional and Negative Exponents
___ Exponent Equations ___ SOLID GEOMETRY

___ MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE ___ Volume


___ Cubes – Find Edges
___ Find the Total ___ Enclosed Shapes
___ Plug In Values ___ Use Triangles
___ Test the Answers ___ Sketch the Problem
___ Understand the Median ___ Cylinders
___ Surface Area
___ AREA ___ Other Solids

___ Use the Equation ___ PARABOLAS


___ Divide Figures Into Shapes
___ Use Triangles ___ Understanding Roots
___ Shaded Area ___ Symmetry
___ Properties of Squares
___ PERIMETER
___ PERCENTS
___ SETS
___ Translate Into Equation
___ Circle Graphs ___ “Union” and “Intersection”
___ Venn Diagrams
___ INEQUALITIES
___ SYMBOLIC FUNCTIONS
___ Test Different Values
___ Create Inequalities
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 42

___ NUMBER LINE ___ LINE SEGMENTS


___ Strategies
___ Interpolate Values
___ Absolute Value ___ Logics
___ Getting the Tick Marks
___ With Exponents ___ PROPORTIONS

___ TRANSFORMATIONS
___ ABSOLUTE VALUE
___ Strategies
___ Inequalities ___ Geometric Transformations
___ Coordinate Geometry
___ Equations & Ranges
___ RADICALS

___ PROBABILITY
___ POLYGONS
___ COORDINATE GEOMETRY
___ REMAINDER
___ Strategies
___ DIRECT & INDIRECT VARIATION
___ Midpoints
___ FACTORS
___ SPATIAL REASONING
___ Strategies ___ SIMILAR TRIANGLES
___ Move Around Shapes
___ SCIENTIFIC NOTATION

___ RATIO ___ MISCELLANEOUS

___ Strategies ___ Geometric Probability


___ Geometric Ratios ___ Percent Change
___ Triangle Inequality
___ Tangents
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 43

#1 - Introduction, SAT Math Tactics

In this video:
 What does SAT Math Tactics cover?
 How to use the videos
 How to practice

SAT Math Bootcamp: ________________________________


SAT Math Tactics: __________________________________

SAT Math Tactics videos are:


 in order of importance

 dedicated to one topic, but can cover multiple topics

 intended to teach you problem solving FLEXIBILITY

How to Use the Videos


1. Download the SAT Math Study Guide & 4 Practice Tests

2. Watch the videos & take notes

3. Do practice problems before I do

4. Rewatch videos as necessary

How to Practice (see my video on Youtube titled: "Don't Take Practice SATs"
1. Untimed questions
2. Untimed sections
3. Timed sections
4. Full tests

When practicing, make sure you:


 check answers and make sure you go over ALL questions
 find different ways to solve questions you got right
 figure out what went wrong on incorrect questions
 struggle with problems that you got wrong or omitted
 ask me for further help when necessary
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 44

#2 - Math Section Basics, SAT Math Tactics

_______ Sections

_______ Q ________ minutes

_______ Q ________ minutes

_______ Q ________ minutes

How the Math Section is Scored:

Right ______ Omit ______ Wrong ______


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 45

Order of Difficulty:
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 46

Section Instructions:

Other More or Less Important Math Formulas:


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 47

#3 - Pacing and Guessing, SAT Math Tactics

Your most limited resource: ___________________________

How many questions should I do?

<600: _________________________________________________

>600: _________________________________________________

>700: _________________________________________________

Omitting vs. Guessing


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 48

#4 - SAT Math Myths, SAT Math Tactics

Myth #1: The SAT tests advanced math.

Myth #2: SAT solutions are complicated.

Myth #3: The SAT is like a high school math test.

Myth #4: If you know all the math content, you'll get an 800.

Myth #5: SAT math is just math.


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 49

#5 - Core Strategy, SAT Math Tactics

Approach SAT math problems as "puzzles" or "brainteasers."

1. Read each question piece by piece.

2. Stop and write down/sketch out each piece of information.

3. Circle what the problem is asking for.

4. Solve the problem; seek the 30 Second Solution.

5. If you get stuck, reread the question.

6. Keep moving - mark questions and return later.

7. If time permits, review your answers.


reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 50

#6 - General Strategies, SAT Math Tactics

1. Break questions into pieces - whole questions are indigestible!

2. Think with your pencil - write everything down & draw, draw, draw.

3. Don't do everything in your head.

4. Use all the information given.

5. Take advantage of multiple choice - test the answers.

6. "Figure not drawn to scale" and "it cannot be determined from the information given"...

7. Eliminate choices when you can and guess if necessary.

8. Use your calculator effectively.

9. Use brute force when necessary!

10. Don't get bogged down - keep moving. Mark problems for future review.

11. Is your answer reasonable?

12. Be systematic with I, II, III problems.

13. Pay attention to "must be true" and "could be true."

14. If the answer choices contain variables, plug in your own numbers.

#7 - How to Get an 800, SAT Math Tactics

1. Master all content.

2. Practice - get in your repetitions, especially hard questions.

3. Flexibility - practice multiple ways of answering Qs

4. Check your work as you go - constantly review & revise

5. Most important: use time at the end of each section to check answers.
reasonprep.com -- rob@reasonprep.com -- 51

Congrats on making it to the end of the study guide! There are hundreds more SAT Math
Tactics videos and practice problems waiting for you in the Members Area of Reason Prep.

To find out more about the Members Area, go to reasonprep.com/enroll/

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen