Summary paper of English class 11 semester 2 learning

material
KORI KUSUMA

XI IPS 3

12

SMAN 4 CIREBON

Jl. Perjuangan No. 1 By Pass Cirebon Telp. (0231) 48 3162

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PREFACE

Praise the presense of God who is almighty because all of his grace and
effort make this paper work. This paper is a starch extract from English
compiled by several previous authors/authors.

I understand all shortcomings of this paper, because it is full today I

received all the improvement from readers.

Finally,it is easy – to challenge a God who is obliged to keep giving His

grace to us all.

Cirebon, april 2020

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TABLE OF CONTENS

PREFACE……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1

TABLE OF

CONTENS…………………………………………………………………………………….. 2

BAB I PRELIMINARY……………………………………………………………………………………..

Background………………………………………………………………………………. 3

BAB II CONTENS…………………………………………………………………………………………..

a.PersonalLetter.…………………………………………………………......... 4

b.ExplanationText…………………………………………………………………. 6

c.PassiveVoice……………………………………………………………………….8

d.Song…………………………………………………………………………………….10

BAB III CLOSING…………………………………………………………………………………………..14

BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………………………………..15

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 BAB 1

BACKGROUND
Because of the home study some time ago, we as students we reassigned to each
teacher in his studies, I reviewed some of the eleventh grade English materials on
personal letter, explanation text, passive voice, and song characters that we took
from several sources and let me write the content of this paper.

And on that basis I’m writing this paper.

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 BAB 2

a. Personal Letter

 Definition
A personal letter is a type of letter (or informal composition)
that usually concerns personal matter (rather than professional
concerns) and is sent from one individual to another.

 Purpose
The purpose about the personal letter is to convey personal
opinion or interest.

 Generic Structure
- Date : this updated date is written on the top left. This date
is announced anytime the letter is written.
- Address : this section is the place where you write the letter
or address where the sender lives. The address is written in
the upper right.
- Salutation & Name : this section writes the opening
greetings and the name of the recipient of the letter.
- Introduction : the opening of a letter usually starts with an
opening like the response of a previous letter or it can also
be the beginning of self introduction if you are just starting a
correspondence.
- Body : this section is the contents or the essence of the
letter. In this part of the body you will tell us all the contents
of the letter that we want to tell.
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 - Closure : this section shows that the letter will end soon.
- Complimentary close : this section is a short closing phrase
like, “with love”, “sincerely yours”, “with love”, and so on.
- Signature : this section is under complementary close, you
can put your signature or it could be just the initials of your
name.

 Language Feature
1. Sentence Structure
Accuracy of grammar may be more important than an email.
Most of the time, complete sentence are expected
2. Style
Language use may be personal. For example, first and second
person pronouns may be frequently used. May not be as
formal as official letter writing.
3. Allowed to use contractions
Example : he’s, she’s, haven’t, they’re
4. Altough the tone of your letter is informal, please take note
•Do not use offensive language
• Use gramatically correct sentences

5.
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b. Explanation Text

 Definition of Explanation Text

Explanation text is a text which tells processes relating to
forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena.
Explanation text to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the forming of the
phenomena. It is often found in science, geography and history
text books.

 Generic Structure of Explanation Text

- General statement
General statement ; stating the phenomenon issues which
are to be explained.
- Sequenced of explanation
Sequenced explanation ; stating a series of steps which
explain the phenomena.

 Purpose of Explanation Text

– Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming
of natural, social, scientific, and cultural phenomena.
– To explain how or why something happens.

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  Language Features of Explanation Text

In an explanation text, there are linguistic features as below :

– Using simple present tense
– Using abstract noun (no visible noun)
– Using Passive voice
– Using Action verbs
– Containing explanation of the process ..

 Examples of Explanation Text

Example of Explanation Text about Natural Phenomenon

How does Rain Happen?

Rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world, providing
suitable conditions for diverse ecosystems, as well as water for hydroelectric
power plants and crop irrigation.

The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of the water cycle
involves the sun heating the Earth’s surface water and causing the surface water
to evaporate. The water vapor rises into the Earth’s atmosphere. The water in the
atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid droplets. The droplets grow until
they are heavy and fall to the earth as precipitation which can be in the form of
rain or snow.

However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates while falling through
dry air. This is called virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert
regions.

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c. Passive Voice

 Definition
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not
important or not known, however, who or what is performing
the action.

 Form of Passive
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column
of irregular verbs)

 Example
Tenses Active Voice Passive Voice
Simple Present She feeds the parrot. The parrot is fed by her.
Simple Past Some one stole his money. His money was stolen by
someone.
Simple Future He will write an article. An article will be written
by him.
Past Perfect Her mother had been A novel had been being
Continous buying a novel. bought by her mother.
Past Perfect He had bought a hat. A hat had been bought
by him.
Future Perfect He will have fed his dog. His dog had been fed by
him.
 Future Perfect He will have been buying an An applewill have been
Continuous apple. being bought by him.
Present Continuous He is buying a novel. A novel is being bought
by him.
Present Perfect He has bought a novel. A novel has been bought
by him.
Present Perfect He has been buying a novel. A novel has been being
Continuous bought by him.
Past Continuous He was buying a novel. A novel was being
bought by him.
Future Continuous He will be buying a novel. A novel will be being
bought by him.

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d. Song
 Definition Song
A song is a musical composition intended to be vocally
performed by the human voice. This is often done at distinct
and fixed pitches (melodies) using patterns of sound and
silence. Songs contain various forms, such as those including
the repetition and variation of sections.

 Sosial Function of Song

a. To entertain the listeners.
b. To teach moral value through the lyrics of the songs.
c. To provide a way of managing the realitionship between our
public and private emotional life.
d. To express personal feeling and cultural values.
e. To give someone to not only shares their emotions with
others, but also to have an emotional connection that just
can’t be experienced in any other way.

 General Structur of Song

The general structure of a song consists of verse-chorus-verse-

bridge-chorus. It is better for us to learn more about the
complete structure of songs.

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a. Intro

The introduction establishes melodic, harmonic, and/or

rhythmic related to the main body of song.

b. Verse

It is the section of the song structure that tells the story. This is
the exposition, describing the scene or the person, or an
emotion. There are usually two or three verses in a row that
have the same musical structure, the same rhyme and poetic
meter, but different words. The second verse builds on the
picture painted in the first verse, etc.

c. Chorus of Refrain

A chorus is the most repeated section, so it’s the easiest

remembered. A chorus is the summary of the song’s story. All
the verses have been leading up to the chorus, and is usually
the part of the song people sing along with. A chorus can come
at the beginning of the song structure; it can also start in the
middle, or come at the end. In fact, some songs don’t have
choruses at all. Some people are usually confused to
differentiate between choruses and refrain. A refrain is any line
that repeats in the song lyric, while a chorus is any group of
lines that repeat.

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 d. Break

A break is actually a brief “rest” or “pause” for the core melody

within a song used to add further dimension and excitement. It
may include a quick instrumental solo or drum interlude or it
may be a brief moment of silence, or acombination of each of
these elements.

e. Bridge

This is the part of the song that shifts. It can suddenly change
tempo, or volume, or instrumentation. The bridge is the section
that gives the audience time to reflect on the story, or gives
them the “climax” or conclusion of the story through verses
and chorus. Bridges can be used to give the singer a break.

f. Outro or Coda

This is the end of the road for the song. It can repeat the intro,
chorus or a refrain as an outro, or a bridge with an
instrumental solo.

 Example
Earth Song

Michael Jackson

Verse 1

What about sunrise

What about rain
What about all the things that you said
We were to gain
What about killing fields
Is there a time
What about all the things
That you said were yours and mine

Chorus

Did you ever stop to notice

All the blood we’ve shed before
Did you ever stop to notice
This crying Earth, these weeping shores
Aah, ooh

Verse 2

What have we done to the world

Look what we’ve done
What about all the peace
That you pledge your only son
What about flowering fields
Is there a time
What about all the dreams
That you said was yours and mine

Chorus

Did you ever stop to notice

All the children dead from war
Did you ever stop to notice
This crying earth, these weeping shores
Aah, ooh
Aah, ooh

Verse 3

I used to dream
I used to glance beyond the stars
Now I don’t know where we are
Although I know we’ve drifted far
Aah, ooh
Aah, ooh
Aah, ooh
Aah, ooh

Bridge

Hey, what about yesterday

(What about us)
What about the seas
(What about us)
The heavens are falling down
(What about us)
I can’t even breathe
(What about us)
What about apathy
(What about us)
Drowning in the seas
(What about us)
What about the promised land
Preachin’ what I believe
(What about us)
What about the holy land
(What about it)
What about the greed
(What about us)
Where did we go wrong
Someone tell me why
(What about us)
What about baby boy
(What about him)
What about the days
(What about us)
What about all their joy
Do we give a damn
Aah, ooh
Aah, ooh

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BAB 3
 CLOSING

 CONCLUSION

Based on the data above, i can conclude that by making a

paper is one effective ways to rediscover previous material so
that we do not forget.

 SUGGESTION

I as an author would like to apologize if there are deficiencies in

this paper. We know that this article is incomplete. Readers,
need advice to improve this paper. Thank you very much to the
reader.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.thoughtco.com

jagoanbahasainggris.com

britishcourse.com

www.ego4u.com

ayokbelajar.com