Pondicherry University

Department of Commerce
Interview Schedule for Private Concessionaires of Government Infrastructure Projects in PPP mode

This interview schedule is part of doctoral research undertaken in the Department of Commerce, Pondicherry University by
Nisha S. Simon under the supervision of Prof. P. Natarajan. I invite you to take part in my survey assessing the relative
importance of critical factors affecting PPP projects in India. Your support will be acknowledged in my work and
information furnished will be kept confidential.

Part I: Profile of Concessionaire

a. Name :
b. Projects Undertaken :

Part II: Profile of Respondent (Information is exclusively for identification purposes and will be kept strictly confidential)

a. Name :
b. Official Designation :
c. Qualification :
d. Experience in the Organization :

Part III: Rank the relative importance of following factors under various criteria and sub criteria on the critical issues
affecting PPP project implementation in India.
Illustration Purpose Only

Please rate (use 'x') each pair of factors on a 9 point scale. (9= Perfect, 8= Absolute, 7= Very Good, 6= Fairly Good, 5= Good, 4= Preferable, 3= Not Bad, 2= Weak Advantage, 1= Equal)

Inference Factor More Important than Equal Less Important than Factor
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A is very good in importance when compared to B A x B
B is fairly good in importance when compared to A A x B

Part IIIa – Factors under ‘Critical issues related to PPP project implementation in India’
Factors under 'Critical issues related to PPP project implementation in India'
Please rate (use 'x') each pair of factors on a 9 point scale. (9= Perfect, 8= Absolute, 7= Very Good, 6= Fairly Good, 5= Good, 4= Preferable, 3= Not Bad, 2= Weak Advantage, 1= Equal)

Factor More Important than Equal Less Important than Factor

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Delay in Financial Closure Insufficient Demand for project output
Delay in Financial Closure Cost Overrun
Delay in Financial Closure Time Overrun
Delay in Financial Closure Ineffectual Interactions with Government
Delay in Financial Closure Unfavourable Investment Environment
Insufficient Demand for project output Cost Overrun
Insufficient Demand for project output Time Overrun
Insufficient Demand for project output Ineffectual Interactions with Government
Insufficient Demand for project output Unfavourable Investment Environment
Cost Overrun Time Overrun
Cost Overrun Ineffectual Interactions with Government
Cost Overrun Unfavourable Investment Environment
Time Overrun Ineffectual Interactions with Government
Time Overrun Unfavourable Investment Environment
Ineffectual Interactions with Government Unfavourable Investment Environment
Part IIIb – Factors under ‘Delay in Financial Closure’ issue
Factors under 'Delay in Financial Closure'
Please rate (use 'x') each pair of factors on a 9 point scale. (9= Perfect, 8= Absolute, 7= Very Good, 6= Fairly Good, 5= Good, 4= Preferable, 3= Not Bad, 2= Weak Advantage, 1= Equal)

Factor More Important than Equal Less Important than Factor

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Difficulties in raising equity Saturated exposure limits of bankers
Difficulties in raising equity Lack of depth in corporate debt market
Difficulties in raising equity Low credit ratings for SPV
Difficulties in raising equity Inadequate collateral security
Difficulties in raising equity Lack of foreign sponsors in project
Saturated exposure limits of bankers Lack of depth in corporate debt market
Saturated exposure limits of bankers Low credit ratings for SPV
Saturated exposure limits of bankers Inadequate collateral security
Saturated exposure limits of bankers Lack of foreign sponsors in project
Lack of depth in corporate debt market Low credit ratings for SPV
Lack of depth in corporate debt market Inadequate collateral security
Lack of depth in corporate debt market Lack of foreign sponsors in project
Low credit ratings for SPV Inadequate collateral security
Low credit ratings for SPV Lack of foreign sponsors in project
Inadequate collateral security Lack of foreign sponsors in project

Part IIIc – Factors under ‘Insufficient Demand for Project Output’ issue
Factors under 'Insufficient Demand for project output'
Please rate (use 'x') each pair of factors on a 9 point scale. (9= Perfect, 8= Absolute, 7= Very Good, 6= Fairly Good, 5= Good, 4= Preferable, 3= Not Bad, 2= Weak Advantage, 1= Equal)

Factor More Important than Equal Less Important than Factor

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Public resentment against toll Unfavourable Traffic mix
Public resentment against toll Leakage of toll revenue through competing facilities
Public resentment against toll Delay/ Inability to revise toll rates
Public resentment against toll Information Asymmetry resulting in overestimated demand
Unfavourable Traffic mix Leakage of toll revenue through competing facilities
Unfavourable Traffic mix Delay/ Inability to revise toll rates
Unfavourable Traffic mix Information Asymmetry resulting in overestimated demand
Leakage of toll revenue through competing facilities Delay/ Inability to revise toll rates
Leakage of toll revenue through competing facilities Information Asymmetry resulting in overestimated demand
Delay/ Inability to revise toll rates Information Asymmetry resulting in overestimated demand
Part IIId – Factors under ‘Cost Overrun’ issue
Factors under 'Cost Overrun'
Please rate (use 'x') each pair of factors on a 9 point scale. (9= Perfect, 8= Absolute, 7= Very Good, 6= Fairly Good, 5= Good, 4= Preferable, 3= Not Bad, 2= Weak Advantage, 1= Equal)

Factor More Important than Equal Less Important than Factor

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Increased borrowing costs (Interest rate & refinancing rate) Hike in prices of raw material and labour
Increased borrowing costs (Interest rate & refinancing rate) Poor connectivity to project site
Increased borrowing costs (Interest rate & refinancing rate) Change in scope of project
Increased borrowing costs (Interest rate & refinancing rate) Inadequate project report resulting in underestimation of costs
Increased borrowing costs (Interest rate & refinancing rate) Long construction period
Increased borrowing costs (Interest rate & refinancing rate) High bidding/ up-front costs
Hike in prices of raw material and labour Poor connectivity to project site
Hike in prices of raw material and labour Change in scope of project
Hike in prices of raw material and labour Inadequate project report resulting in underestimation of costs
Hike in prices of raw material and labour Long construction period
Hike in prices of raw material and labour High bidding/ up-front costs
Poor connectivity to project site Change in scope of project
Poor connectivity to project site Inadequate project report resulting in underestimation of costs
Poor connectivity to project site Long construction period
Poor connectivity to project site High bidding/ up-front costs
Change in scope of project Inadequate project report resulting in underestimation of costs
Change in scope of project Long construction period
Change in scope of project High bidding/ up-front costs
Inadequate project report resulting in underestimation of costs Long construction period
Inadequate project report resulting in underestimation of costs High bidding/ up-front costs
Long construction period High bidding/ up-front costs

Part IIIe – Factors under ‘Time Overrun’ issue

Factors under 'Time Overrun'
Please rate (use 'x') each pair of factors on a 9 point scale. (9= Perfect, 8= Absolute, 7= Very Good, 6= Fairly Good, 5= Good, 4= Preferable, 3= Not Bad, 2= Weak Advantage, 1= Equal)

Factor More Important than Equal Less Important than Factor

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Delayed environmental clearances Multiplicity of approvals
Delayed environmental clearances Change in Technical Design
Delayed environmental clearances Delay in Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation
Delayed environmental clearances Weak procurement planning (Raw Material, Project equipment)
Delayed environmental clearances Lack of competent manpower (Project managers & EPC Contractors)
Multiplicity of approvals Change in Technical Design
Multiplicity of approvals Delay in Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation
Multiplicity of approvals Weak procurement planning (Raw Material, Project equipment)
Multiplicity of approvals Lack of competent manpower (Project managers & EPC Contractors)
Change in Technical Design Delay in Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation
Change in Technical Design Weak procurement planning (Raw Material, Project equipment)
Change in Technical Design Lack of competent manpower (Project managers & EPC Contractors)
Delay in Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Weak procurement planning (Raw Material, Project equipment)
Delay in Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Lack of competent manpower (Project managers & EPC Contractors)
Weak procurement planning (Raw Material, Project equipment) Lack of competent manpower (Project managers & EPC Contractors)
 Part
Factors underIIIf – Factors
'Ineffectual under ‘Ineffectual Interactions with Government’ Issue
Interactions with Government'
Please rate (use 'x') each pair of factors on a 9 point scale. (9= Perfect, 8= Absolute, 7= Very Good, 6= Fairly Good, 5= Good, 4= Preferable, 3= Not Bad, 2= Weak Advantage, 1= Equal)

Factor More Important than Equal Less Important than Factor

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Inflexible model concession agreements and contractual terms Lack of capacity building in Government
Inflexible model concession agreements and contractual terms Absence of independent regulator for PPP in government
Inflexible model concession agreements and contractual terms Lack of competitiveness and transparency in bidding and procurement decisions
Inflexible model concession agreements and contractual terms Inadequate government support through VGF, support loans and subsidies
Inflexible model concession agreements and contractual terms Improper risk allocation to concessionaire
Lack of capacity building in Government Absence of independent regulator for PPP in government
Lack of capacity building in Government Lack of competitiveness and transparency in bidding and procurement decisions
Lack of capacity building in Government Inadequate government support through VGF, support loans and subsidies
Lack of capacity building in Government Improper risk allocation to concessionaire
Absence of independent regulator for PPP in government Lack of competitiveness and transparency in bidding and procurement decisions
Absence of independent regulator for PPP in government Inadequate government support through VGF, support loans and subsidies
Absence of independent regulator for PPP in government Improper risk allocation to concessionaire
Lack of competitiveness and transparency in bidding and procurement decisions Inadequate government support through VGF, support loans and subsidies
Lack of competitiveness and transparency in bidding and procurement decisions Improper risk allocation to concessionaire
Inadequate government support through VGF, support loans and subsidies Improper risk allocation to concessionaire

Part IIIg – Factors under ‘Unfavourable Investment Environment’ Issue

Factors under 'Unfavourable Investment Environment'
Please rate (use 'x') each pair of factors on a 9 point scale. (9= Perfect, 8= Absolute, 7= Very Good, 6= Fairly Good, 5= Good, 4= Preferable, 3= Not Bad, 2= Weak Advantage, 1= Equal)

Factor More Important than Equal Less Important than Factor

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Lack of viably structured bankable projects Change of political regime
Lack of viably structured bankable projects Inflation
Lack of viably structured bankable projects Unfavourable exchange rate movements
Lack of viably structured bankable projects Occurrence of force majeure events
Lack of viably structured bankable projects Inconsistent regulatory framework
Change of political regime Inflation
Change of political regime Unfavourable exchange rate movements
Change of political regime Occurrence of force majeure events
Change of political regime Inconsistent regulatory framework
Inflation Unfavourable exchange rate movements
Inflation Occurrence of force majeure events
Inflation Inconsistent regulatory framework
Unfavourable exchange rate movements Occurrence of force majeure events
Unfavourable exchange rate movements Inconsistent regulatory framework
Occurrence of force majeure events Inconsistent regulatory framework

Part IV: Suggestions to stakeholders (Government, Public, Regulatory Authorities, Lenders and Contractors) based on skill and experience

Thank You