6002729A Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer Print

Particle Sizers
Model 3340
Laser Aerosol Spectrometer
Operation and Service Manual
P/N 6002729, Revision A

October 2009
Product Overview 1
Unpacking and System 2

Setup
Description of the 3
Model 3340 Model 3340
Laser Aerosol Spectrometer
Model 3340 Operation 4
Operation and Service Manual

Theory of Operation 5
Maintenance 6
Calibration 7
Troubleshooting 8
Appendixes
Manual History
The following is a manual history of the Model 3340 (Part Number

6002729).
Revision Date
Revision A October 2009
ii Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Warranty
Part Number 6002729 / Revision A / October 2009

Copyright ©TSI Incorporated / 2009 / All rights reserved.
Address TSI Incorporated / 500 Cardigan Road / Shoreview, MN 55126 / USA
Email Address particle@tsi.com
World Wide Web Site www.tsi.com
Fax No. (651) 490-3824
Limitation of Warranty Seller warrants the goods sold hereunder, under normal use and service as
and Liability described in the operator's manual, shall be free from defects in workmanship and
(effective July 2000) material for (12) months, or the length of time specified in the operator's manual,
from the date of shipment to the customer. This warranty period is inclusive of any
statutory warranty. This limited warranty is subject to the following exclusions:
a. Hot-wire or hot-film sensors used with research anemometers, and certain other
components when indicated in specifications, are warranted for 90 days from
the date of shipment.
b. Parts repaired or replaced as a result of repair services are warranted to be free
from defects in workmanship and material, under normal use, for 90 days from
the date of shipment.
c. Seller does not provide any warranty on finished goods manufactured by others
or on any fuses, batteries or other consumable materials. Only the original
manufacturer's warranty applies.
d. Unless specifically authorized in a separate writing by Seller, Seller makes no
warranty with respect to, and shall have no liability in connection with, goods
which are incorporated into other products or equipment, or which are modified
by any person other than Seller.
The foregoing is IN LIEU OF all other warranties and is subject to the LIMITATIONS
stated herein. NO OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR
PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY IS MADE.
TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDY OF THE USER
OR BUYER, AND THE LIMIT OF SELLER'S LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL LOSSES,
INJURIES, OR DAMAGES CONCERNING THE GOODS (INCLUDING CLAIMS BASED
ON CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE, TORT, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE) SHALL
BE THE RETURN OF GOODS TO SELLER AND THE REFUND OF THE PURCHASE
PRICE, OR, AT THE OPTION OF SELLER, THE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF THE
GOODS. IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES. SELLER SHALL NOT BE
RESPONSIBLE FOR INSTALLATION, DISMANTLING OR REINSTALLATION COSTS
OR CHARGES. No Action, regardless of form, may be brought against Seller more
than 12 months after a cause of action has accrued. The goods returned under
warranty to Seller's factory shall be at Buyer's risk of loss, and will be returned, if at
all, at Seller's risk of loss.
Buyer and all users are deemed to have accepted this LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
AND LIABILITY, which contains the complete and exclusive limited warranty of
Seller. This LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND LIABILITY may not be amended,
modified or its terms waived, except by writing signed by an Officer of Seller.
Service Policy Knowing that inoperative or defective instruments are as detrimental to TSI as they
are to our customers, our service policy is designed to give prompt attention to any
problems. If any malfunction is discovered, please contact your nearest sales office
or representative, or call TSI at 1-800-874-2811 (USA) or (651) 490-2811.
iii
Trademarks TSI, TSI logo are registered trademarks of TSI Incorporated.
Microsoft, Windows, are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
LabVIEW is a registered trademark of National Instrument Corporation.
HyperTerminal is a trademark of Hilgraeve, Inc.
Swagelok is a registered trademark of Swagelok Company of Solon, Ohio, USA.
Celeron is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.
Q-tips is a registered trademark of Chesebrough-Pond's Inc.
Sensidyne and Gilibrator are trademarks of Sensidyne, Inc.
iv Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Safety
This section gives instructions to promote safe and proper handling

of the Model 3340.
There are no user serviceable parts inside the instrument. Refer all
repair and maintenance to a qualified technician. All maintenance
and repair information in this manual is included for use by a
qualified technician.
The Model 3340 is a Class I laser-based instrument. During normal

operation, you will not be exposed to laser radiation. However, you
must take certain precautions or you may expose yourself to
hazardous radiation in the form of intense, focused, visible light.
Exposure to this light may cause blindness.
Take these precautions:

 Do not remove any parts from the Model 3340 unless you are
specifically told to do so in this manual.
 Do not remove the Model 3340 housing or covers while power is
supplied to the instrument.
W A R N I N G
The use of controls, adjustments, or procedures other than those
specified in this manual may result in exposure to hazardous optical
radiation.
W A R N I N G
High voltage is accessible in several locations within this instrument.
Make sure you unplug the power source before removing the cover or
performing maintenance procedures.
v
Labels
The Model 3340 has the following labels as shown in Figure 1.
 Two Laser Safety

Information Labels
(front and back
frame)
 Two Cleaning Port
Aperture Labels
(Laser Optical
Block)
 Serial Number
Label (back panel)
 Calibration Label
(Back Panel)
 Laser Serial
Number Label
(Laser Tube)
 Danger High
Voltage Label
(Power Entry
Module)
 Danger High
Voltage Label
(Laser Anode
Cover)
 Danger High
Voltage Label
(Laser HVPS)
 Danger Laser
Radiation (Optics
Assembly)
 Microsoft
Windows® XP
Certificate of
authenticity on
Drive Bracket
Figure 1
Location of Warning and Information Labels
vi Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Description of Caution/Warning Symbols
The following symbols and an appropriate caution/warning
statement are used throughout the manual and on the Model 3340
to draw attention to any steps that require you to take cautionary
measures when working with the Model 3340:
Caution
C a u t i o n
Caution means be careful. It means if you do not follow the procedures
prescribed in this manual you may do something that might result in
equipment damage, or you might have to take something apart and start
over again. It also indicates that important information about the operation
and maintenance of this instrument is included.
Warning
W A R N I N G
Warning means that unsafe use of the instrument could result in serious
injury to you or cause irrevocable damage to the instrument. Follow the
procedures prescribed in this manual to use the instrument safely.
Caution or Warning Symbols

The following symbols may accompany cautions and warnings to
indicate the nature and consequences of hazards:
Warns you that uninsulated voltage within the instrument may

have sufficient magnitude to cause electric shock. Therefore,
it is dangerous to make any contact with any part inside the
instrument.
Warns you that the instrument contains a laser and that
important information about its safe operation and
maintenance is included. Therefore, you should read the
manual carefully to avoid any exposure to hazardous laser
radiation.
Warns you that the instrument is susceptible to electro-static
discharge (ESD) and ESD protection procedures should be
followed to avoid damage.
Indicates the connector is connected to earth ground and
cabinet ground.
Safety vii
Contents
Manual History ...................................................................... ii

Warranty .............................................................................. iii
Safety ................................................................................... v
Labels ....................................................................................... vi
Description of Caution/Warning Symbols ................................ vii
Caution ................................................................................. vii
Warning ................................................................................ vii
Caution or Warning Symbols ................................................. vii
About This Manual ............................................................. xiii
Purpose ................................................................................... xiii
Related Product Literature ...................................................... xiii
Getting Help ............................................................................ xiii
Submitting Comments ............................................................ xiv
CHAPTER 1 Product Overview ............................................ 1-1
Product Description ............................................................... 1-1
Applications ........................................................................... 1-2
How the Model 3340 Operates ................................................ 1-2
CHAPTER 2 Unpacking and System Setup ........................... 2-1
Packing List ........................................................................... 2-1
Mounting the Sensor .............................................................. 2-2
Ventilation Requirements .................................................... 2-2
Power Connection .................................................................. 2-2
Connections to the Computer ................................................. 2-2
CHAPTER 3 Description of the Model 3340 ......................... 3-1
Front Panel ............................................................................ 3-1
Inlet .................................................................................... 3-2
Back Panel ............................................................................. 3-2
AC Power Connector ............................................................ 3-3
Pump Exhaust .................................................................... 3-3
Serial Port ........................................................................... 3-3
10/100 Ethernet Port .......................................................... 3-4
Internal Components.............................................................. 3-4
CHAPTER 4 Model 3340 Operation ..................................... 4-1
Quick Start Guide .................................................................. 4-1
Unit Controls ......................................................................... 4-3
Controls Tab ....................................................................... 4-3
Map Tab Primary Controls ................................................... 4-4
Histogram Tab ..................................................................... 4-9
ix
Configuration Tab ............................................................. 4-14
Calibration Tab ................................................................. 4-14
Collecting Data .................................................................... 4-15
Data File Format ............................................................... 4-16
CHAPTER 5 Theory of Operation ......................................... 5-1
Instrument Subsystems ......................................................... 5-1
Optical System .................................................................... 5-2
Flow System ........................................................................ 5-4
Analog Electronics............................................................... 5-5
Digital Electronics System ................................................... 5-6
On-board PC ....................................................................... 5-8
Particle Coincidence ............................................................. 5-10
CHAPTER 6 Maintenance .................................................... 6-1
Cleaning Optics ..................................................................... 6-1
Laser High Voltage Supply .................................................. 6-1
Laser Safety Information ..................................................... 6-2
Laser Bench Cleaning ......................................................... 6-2
Inlet Jet .............................................................................. 6-5
CHAPTER 7 Calibration....................................................... 7-1
Calibration Mode Controls ..................................................... 7-2
Configuration Tab ............................................................... 7-2
Map Tab Calibration Controls ............................................. 7-4
Calibration Tab ................................................................... 7-5
Calibration ............................................................................. 7-7
Example: Adding a Calibration Point for 0.269 µ m PSL
Particles ........................................................................... 7-7
Set up the Map ................................................................... 7-8
Initial Sampling................................................................... 7-9
Entering the Calibration Voltage ....................................... 7-10
Gain Stitches .................................................................... 7-13
CHAPTER 8 Troubleshooting ............................................... 8-1
APPENDIX A Model 3340 Specifications ..............................A-1
APPENDIX B Using Serial Data Commands ..........................B-1
Pin Connectors ...................................................................... B-1
Baud Rate .............................................................................. B-2
Format (8-Bits, No Parity) ...................................................... B-2
Stop Bits and Flow Control .................................................... B-2
ASCII Data Output ................................................................. B-2
Data File and Output Format ................................................. B-3
APPENDIX C Computer Related Issues ................................C-1
Regional Settings and LabVIEW® Software .............................. C-1
Procedure to Allow use of Regional Settings with
Non-Period Local Decimal Points ...................................... C-4
Remote Desktop Operation..................................................... C-8
x Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Bi-directional Serial Command Protocol ............................... C-16
Test Computer Settings (illustrated in HyperTerminal)....... C-16
Status Command .............................................................. C-17
Start Command ................................................................. C-17
Distribution Command ...................................................... C-18
Map Command .................................................................. C-19
Stop Command ................................................................. C-20
Invalid Commands ............................................................ C-20
Index
Reader’s Comments
Figures
1 Location of Warning and Information Labels ....................... vi
1-1 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer ........................... 1-1
3-1 Front Panel of the Model 3340 Laser Aerosol
Spectrometer .................................................................... 3-1
3-2 Inlet with Two Guards ...................................................... 3-2
3-3 Back Panel of the Model 3340 Laser Aerosol
Spectrometer .................................................................... 3-2
5-1 Block Diagram of Optical Particle Spectrometer ................ 5-2
5-2 Side View of Optical Block ................................................ 5-3
5-3 Top View of Optical Block ................................................. 5-4
5-4 Schematic Diagram of Flow System .................................. 5-5
5-5 Block Diagram of Analog Electronics ................................ 5-6
5-6 Example Calibration Curve ............................................... 5-9
6-1 Laser Bench Cleaning ....................................................... 6-3
6-2 Laser Bench Optiocs ......................................................... 6-3
6-3 Disconnecting Ferrule Nut ................................................ 6-4
6-4 Inlet Jet ............................................................................ 6-5
6-5 Inserting Tubing into Jet .................................................. 6-6
C-1 Distorted Calibration Curve ............................................. C-3
C-2 Normal Appearance of a Typical Model 3340
Calibration Curve (requires calibration password
to access)......................................................................... C-3
Contents xi
Tables
2-1 Accessories Packing List ................................................... 2-1
8-1 Troubleshooting Symptoms and Recommendations .......... 8-1
A-1 Specifications of Model 3340 ............................................ A-1
xii Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

About This Manual
Purpose
This is an operation and service manual for the Model 3340 Laser
Aerosol Spectrometer.
Related Product Literature

 Model 3076Constant Output Atomizer Manual (part number
1933076 TSI Incorporated)
 Model 3079 Portable Atomizer Manual (part number
1930070 TSI Incorporated)
 Model 9302 Atomizer Manual (part number 190142 TSI
Incorporated)
 Model 9306 Six-jet Atomizer Manual (part number 1930099
TSI Incorporated)
 Model 3433 Small Scale Powder Disperser Manual (part
number 1933769 TSI Incorporated)
Getting Help
To obtain assistance with this product or to submit suggestions,
please contact:
TSI Incorporated
500 Cardigan Road
Shoreview, MN 55126 USA
Fax: (651) 490-3824
Telephone: 1-800-874-2811 (USA) or (651) 490-2811
E-mail Address: technical.service@tsi.com
xiii
Submitting Comments
TSI values your comments and suggestions on this manual. Please
use the comment sheet, on the last page of this manual, to send us
your opinion on the manual‘s usability, to suggest specific
improvements, or to report any technical errors.
If the comment sheet has already been used, send your comments
to:
TSI Incorporated
500 Cardigan Road
Shoreview, MN 55126
Fax: (651) 490-3824
E-mail Address: particle@tsi.com
xiv Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

CHAPTER 1
Product Overview
This chapter contains a product description of the Model 3340

Laser Aerosol Spectrometer and a brief description of how the
instrument operates.
Product Description
The Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer, shown in Figure 1-1,
is a high sensitivity laser particle size spectrometer designed for
sampling and counting airborne particulates from 90 nm to 7.5 µm
using a patented contamination resistant Helium-Neon active cavity
laser. The spectrometer is operated via a built-in computer utilizing
the Windows® XP operating system running an executable
LabVIEW® ―Virtual Instrument (VI)‖ interface to provide instrument
control, data display, recording and output. Each instrument
includes a 10‖ color LCD flat panel display, USB keyboard and
Mouse, 40GB HDD, 3.5‖ FDD and CD-ROM drives. Also provided
are a 10/100 Ethernet interface and 9 pin RS-232 interface.
Figure 1-1
Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer
1-1
Applications
The Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer has application in the
following areas:
 Inhalation toxicology
 Atmospheric studies
 Ambient air monitoring
 Drug-delivery studies
 HEPA/ULPA Filter testing and characterization
 Indoor air-quality monitoring
 Biohazard detection
 Basic research
 Characterization of test aerosols used in particle-instrument
calibration
 Performance evaluations of other aerodynamic devices
How the Model 3340 Operates

The Model 3340 operates on the principle that the light scattered by
a particle within an active laser cavity is a direct function of its size.
Particles produce pulses of light during transit through the laser
beam. The light pulses are sensed by a pair of detectors that in turn
are analyzed by four cascading amplifier stages coupled to analog-
to-digital converters for sizing. Particles are aerodynamically
focused to a sample stream diameter smaller than the laser beam
diameter in order to avoid edge effects.
The Model 3340 contains a computer running the Windows® XP

operating system. It is assumed that the instrument user is familiar
with the normal operation of this operating system on a computer.
The operating program LAS-3340_3p3_090519.exe is accessed by a
desktop icon. This program, written in National Instruments
LabVIEW® provides a user-friendly virtual instrument (commonly
called a VI) panel for the control, data display, and data logging for
the Model 3340.
Refer to Chapter 5, ―Theory of Operation,‖ for a detailed description.
1-2 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

CHAPTER 2
Unpacking and
System Setup
This chapter provides information concerning the accessories

shipped with the sensor and describes basic setup procedures.
Packing List
Table 2-1 provides a packing list of all items that should have been
shipped to you as the Model 3340 and accessory kit. Please
compare the list to the items you received. If any items are missing,
notify TSI immediately.
Table 2-1
Accessories Packing List
Qty Description
1 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer
1 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer Manual
1 Microsoft Windows® XP Distribution Disk
1 Microsoft® Office Software License
1 Line Cord
1 USB Mini Keyboard
1 USB Mouse
36 in. Tubing 1/16” × 1/8”
6 in. Tubing 1/8” × 1/4"
1 Zero Count Inlet Filter Assembly
2 Spare Fuses 5 × 20 mm 2A
1 Calibration Certificate
The special dual-box packaging and foam cradle are designed to

protect the Model 3340 from rough handling during shipping. It is
recommended that you retain the shipping box for use when
returning the unit to TSI for service and/or calibration. Take proper
lifting precautions when removing the instrument from the
shipping box.
2-1
Mounting the Sensor
The Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer requires no special
mounting requirements other than the ventilation requirements
(see below). The cabinet has four non-marking rubber feet that give
the instrument a good grip on clean, level surfaces and two
additional feet mounted on retractable legs at the front of the unit
that allow the unit to be angled for user convenience.
Ventilation Requirements
The Model 3340 cabinet is designed to be cooled by room air drawn
in from the bottom of the cabinet and exhausted through the back
of the cabinet.
The cabinet should be installed with at least 2-inch (50-mm)

clearance between the back panel and any other surface. Most
important, the cabinet should be set on a clean, hard surface so
that the exhaust air can move freely from the cabinet.
Power Connection
Connect the AC power cord (supplied) to the IDC power input
module on the back of the Model 3340 and then into an available
power outlet. It is not necessary to select the correct voltage, the
spectrometer accepts line voltage of 85 to 260 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz,
200 W, single phase. The connection is self regulating.
Toggle the on/off switch at the POWER connection to the on

position to verify the sensor has power.
Connections to the Computer

There are two USB ports incorporated into the floppy disk/CD-ROM
unit mounted on the front panel. The keyboard and mouse should
be plugged into these ports. Optionally, a USB flash drive may be
temporarily plugged in place of the keyboard for file transfers. There
are 10/100 Ethernet port (RJ45) and RS-232 ports on the I/O
panel above the power inlet module on the back panel. The I/O
panel also contains an exhaust port.

Front Panel USB Ports Back Panel RS-232 and Ethernet
Figure 2-1
Computer Connections to the Model 3340
Unpacking and System Setup 2-3

CHAPTER 3
Description of the
Model 3340
This chapter describes the front panel, back panel, and internal
components of the Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer.
Front Panel
The two components of the front panel are the color LCD display
and a combination 3½‖ floppy disk/CD-ROM/USB port unit. The
keyboard and mouse attach via the two USB ports.
The color LCD display is used in combination with the mouse and
keyboard as the main interface to the unit.
Figure 3-1
Front Panel of the Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer
3-1
The 640  480 pixel LCD display provides continuous real-time
display of sample data, access to the various operating menus
(tabs) and the Windows® XP operating system.
Inlet
The inlet on the top of the unit is protected by two guards to avoid
damage (Figure 3-2). While these guards may look like handles, the
unit should not be picked up by these guards. Typically the unit
ships with the inlet ―zero-count‖ filter attached to one of the guards.
Figure 3-2
Inlet with Two Guards
Back Panel
As shown in Figure 3-3, the back panel of the Model 3340 allows
for power and data connections. The back panel also has a pump
exhaust port and a fan with fan guard.
Figure 3-3
Back Panel of the Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

AC Power Connector
The AC Power Connector accepts the line cord (supplied) to provide
AC power to the spectrometer. The connector has a built-in on/off
switch. Power consumption and line voltage specifications can be
found in Appendix B, Using Serial Data Commands.
Note: Make certain the line cord is plugged into a grounded power
outlet. Position the Model 3340 so the power cord connector is
easily accessible.
Pump Exhaust
Sample aerosol is exhausted through the Exhaust Port.
The pump exhaust connector is a ¼-inch Swagelok®-style

connector that allows control of the exhaust flow. The exhaust can
be vented to a hood or connected in line to equalize pressure when
sampling from a chamber or in an aircraft. The exhaust flow is 10
to 100 sccm. Make certain the exhaust tube allows the exhausted
sample to flow freely (check for crimps and constrictions).
Note: If the aerosol sample is exhausted without tubing, make
certain you do not block the Pump Exhaust.
Serial Port
The Serial Port is a standard RS-232 serial connection that allows
communications between the spectrometer‘s internal computer and
an external computer. In the standard ―virtual instrument‖, when
the ―run‖ button on the histogram tab is toggled, the unit
downloads at the histogram sample rate (user selectable) at
115,200 baud, 8, N, 1. The data format is given in the first two lines
of the data file, subsequent lines are unit data.
Limited external control of the virtual instrument for automated

testing is possible with user-provided software using the RS-232
serial port. See Appendix C, ―Bi-directional Serial Command
Protocol,‖ for details
®Swagelok is a registered trademark of Swagelok Company of Solon, Ohio, USA
Description of the Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer 3-3

10/100 Ethernet Port
The I/O panel includes a standard 10/100 Ethernet (RJ-45)
connection for providing network access to the spectrometer.
Internal Components
The location of the functional systems and electronics of the
Model 3340 are shown in Figure 3-4 and include:
Digital PC board Power Supply
Analog PC boards Laser Optical Block
Flow Strut & Filters Detector PC board
Power PC board
Figure 3-4
Internal Diagram of the Model 3340 Laser Particle Spectrometer

CHAPTER 4
Model 3340 Operation
This chapter describes how to set up and operate the Model 3340.
These instructions assume that the Model 3340 is connected to an
AC power source, the power on/off switch on the back panel has
been switched to the ―On‖ position and that the computer has
finished booting. The instrument contains a computer which runs
the Windows® XP operating system. It is assumed that the
instrument user is familiar with the normal operation of this
operating system on a computer. The default user name entered at
the factory is TSIINC and the default password is 3340. Users may
create additional logins to suit their needs.
Quick Start Guide

This is an overview of basic operation using the default values set
in the unit when it is shipped. A more detailed explanation of each
control follows the quick start guide.
1. Double-click on the desktop icon for the LabVIEW® virtual
instrument as shown below. (Note: Desktop appearance may
vary from example.)
4-1
2. Once the virtual instrument has loaded, click on the Controls
tab (this is typically the default mode) and verify the laser
reference is between 1.0 and 2.8 volts.
3. Click on the Histogram tab. Initially the ―Run‖ button  will be

a light gray indicating that the unit is not sampling data. Click
the Run button once to start sampling. The ―Run‖ button will
turn a dark gray indicating the unit is sampling, and clicking
Run again will stop sampling. Click the Stop button  to
terminate the program.
With the Zero-Count filter attached to the inlet tubing, the unit
should count fewer than one particle per 5 minutes within 30
minutes of power application. Normally ―Zero-Count‖ operation
is achieved within a few minutes of power application.

Unit Controls
The TSI 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer is completely controlled
through the virtual instrument software. All instrument and run
settings can be defined in the software. The following paragraphs
explain in detail which settings are controlled on which tabs of the
software.
Controls Tab
This tab shows the current sample flow rate , the sample flow
rate setting window , the current sheath flow rate , the current
laser reference voltage  and the ambient pressure  and
temperature.
The sample flow rate may be adjusted in three ways:

 Clicking on the top or bottom of the control button adjacent to
the setting window .
 Clicking and dragging the slider control .
 Entering the desired flow in the control setting window .
The sample flow is controlled by an internal mass-flow controller

that contains integral sensors to adjust for local pressure and
temperature. These sensors are separate from the sensors that are
displayed on the controls tab. Out-of-range settings (greater than
100 sccm or less than ≈0.3 sccm) will cause the flow controller to
shut down.
The sheath flow is factory preset and is not adjustable from the
virtual instrument.
Model 3340 Operation 4-3

The laser reference voltage is a monitor of the relative laser power
and is not adjustable by the user. Reference values less than 1.0 V
or greater than 2.8 V after warm-up may be an indicator that the
unit needs to be serviced.
The Pressure and Temperature sensors are internal, non-precision

sensors intended for approximate measurements only.
Map Tab Primary Controls

The histogram map values currently in use are displayed in the
map table. As shown here, the map is the default 90 to 7500 nm
(0.09 to 7.5 µ m) with logarithmic channel spacing over 99
channels. These settings may be adjusted by an advanced user to
give better resolution over the size range of interest.
The most commonly used map controls are:

 Minimum histogram value .
 Maximum histogram value 
 Number of size bins .
 Generate a Linear map .
 Generate a Logarithmic map .
The ―Commit‖ button  will flash yellow any time the map
parameters have been changed. In addition, there are graphical
illustrations of the size scale and number of channels.
Note: The default minimum and maximum sizes may vary from the
actual loaded map.

To change the map, minimum and maximum map values may be
adjusted three ways:
 Clicking on the top or bottom of the control button (directly
adjacent to the control setting window).
 Clicking and dragging the slider tabs  on the size scale bar .
 By keyboard entry in the control windows & .
In a similar fashion, the number of size channels may be adjusted

by the button, by clicking and dragging the slider tab  on the
channel bar  or by keyboard entry in the control window . After
the desired size range and/or channel numbers have been entered,
clicking the Linear button  will generate a map with linear
channel spacing between the specified values. Clicking the Log
button  will generate a map with logarithmically spaced size
channels. The standard default 90 to 7500 nm size map in the
Model 3340 has logarithmic channel spacing, while the maps used
to generate the instrument calibration reports use linear channel
spacing.
In the following example, the minimum size was set to 90 nm, the
maximum size was set to 189 nm and the ―Linear‖ button  was
clicked causing the virtual instrument to generate an evenly spaced
map of 99 size channels between 90 and 189 nm (1 nm bins) and
the Commit button  changed to a blinking yellow mode to
indicate changes have been made to the map but they have not
been downloaded into the digital electronics.
Clicking the Commit button  causes the new map to be

downloaded from the PC to the digital interface electronics. The
unit will stop sampling when the control is activated. The blue
progress bar adjacent to the control indicates the download status.

While updating the electronics, the progress bar will make multiple
passes before the update is complete. Wait until the bar is stable
before resuming sampling.
Note: The “Commit” button is accessible from all tabs.
The map limits may be set anywhere in the units operating range
(90 to 7500 nm) such as the 90 to 189 nm range in the example
above.
Note: The minimum and maximum settings are integer numbers and
although the size bins are calculated to 2 decimal points it is
generally not useful to set bin widths less than 1nm.
Clear, Load, and Save Controls

Custom maps with variable channel spacing can be created by
entering new values into the map grid. In the example below a
custom map was created to allow the Model 3340 to emulate an old
31 channel instrument formerly used in filter testing.

The map was first cleared using the ―Clear‖ button  then the new
map values (in nm) were manually entered and the number of size
channels  was changed to 31 (note new position of slider). To save
this map, the ‗Save‖ button  was selected and the map was saved
as ―09-3_32ch.map‖ in an appropriate directory. Saved maps may
be loaded by clicking the Load button . It is suggested that
descriptive filenames (such as those shown in the Open dialog box
example below) be used to easily differentiate various maps.
When loading map files ensure that an actual map file is selected
before clicking OK as the virtual instrument does not validate the
selected file. After loading a map file, make sure to set the number
of size bins to the correct value. The number displayed in the size
channel control ( in the figure above) has to match the number of
the last size channel (31 in the figure above). If the value for the
number of size channels is not set correctly, the acquired spectrum
will not be displayed correctly when choosing size as the x-axis.
Note: Saving and Loading maps changes the virtual instrument
default map pointer to the selected map which will be
automatically loaded the next time the virtual instrument
is started.

The map file format is a simple line delineated text file with one size
entry per line as shown below:
Map files can also be created and edited using a text editor such
as Notepad.
Over and Under Controls

The map may be set up to show particle counts outside the range of
the map. In the example below, a map was set up from 100 to
199 nm (1 nm bins) then the ―Under‖  and ―Over‖  controls
were activated. This setup allows for monitoring the activity in the
size range outside of immediate interest.
Note: Having both Over and Under active simultaneously reduces

the total number of channels available to 98 . The 99th
channel size bin was then deleted  to make this an “all

oversize particles” channel. When the instrument is sampling,
the first channel will display undersize counts and the last
channel will display oversize counts. These are displayed in
red to differentiate them from the standard histogram counts
as illustrated below. The “Under” and “Over” controls may be
used separately, in combination, or left inactive which is the
standard operating mode.
Calibration Mode Controls

There are additional controls that are normally hidden on this tab
This is discussed in the Configuration Tab section.
Histogram Tab
The Histogram tab will be the most utilized screen in the virtual
instrument as it has the sample controls, histogram data display
controls, and recording control.

Sampling Controls
The ―Run‖  button is displayed in light gray when inactive and
dark gray when active. Clicking on the Run button toggles the unit
sampling process. The sample accumulation time  may be set by
direct text entry in the hour/minute/second windows, by clicking
the top or bottom of the button adjacent to the windows or by
clicking and dragging the associated sliders. Sample times may be
set from 0.1 second to 60 hrs, 60 min & 60 seconds. When the unit
is sampling, elapsed time is displayed in the windows to the right of
the time labels . When the ―Forever‖ button  is active, the unit
samples continuously. When it is inactive, the unit samples for a
preset number of samples then it stops sampling. The number of
samples is set in the sample window  by text entry, slider, or
button. This may be preset from 1 to 99 samples. The current
sample number is displayed in the accumulated sample window .

Histogram Display Controls
The size channels that the histogram displays are set in the map
tab but the histogram controls determine how the data is
presented. The histogram X-axis may be set with the ―Chan Size‖
switch  to display by channel number or by bin size and in size
mode the ―Lin Log‖ switch  can select either linear or logarithmic
scaling (the X-axis ―Lin Log‖ switch is not visible when set to
channel). The histogram Y-axis may be set with the ―Log Lin‖ switch
 for either linear or logarithmic scaling. In addition the Y-axis
may be set to display cumulative channel totals by clicking the
Cumm button . The mode window  may be set to ―Counts‖ for
raw counts or ―Conc.‖ for concentration (n/cc) with the button.

The following examples show the same particle data displayed in
many of the available combinations:

Channel Cursor
The histogram has a red X-axis channel cursor that may be
dragged to find the size and total counts for a specific histogram
channel. The Y-axis cursor automatically adjusts to scale the
counts in that channel. Information about the selected channel is
displayed at the bottom of the window.
Record Control
This control is discussed in the Collecting Data section.

Configuration Tab
The configuration tab is not used during typical operation. It
displays the active User Mode , Configuration file name , and
date . There is also a Password Entry window  and ―Enter
Password‖ control  used to access other user modes. There is also
a switch to normalize histograms to bin width .
The ―Operator‖ mode is the default startup mode and will be used
for majority of the time. The ―Calibration‖ mode is accessible by
entering the calibration password into the password field then
clicking Enter Password. This is discussed in Chapter 7,
Calibration.
Calibration Tab
The Calibration tab is visible but grayed-out as it is not accessible
in Operator mode. This is discussed in Chapter 7, Calibration.

Collecting Data
After the Model 3340 is set up and operating with the desired map,
flow, and sample interval, click Run on the histogram tab to start
sampling. Clicking the Record button  brings up a dialog box
that allows the user to select a name and location for a data file.
Note: The virtual instrument “pauses” while the record dialog is
being completed. When recording, the “Record” button will be
displayed in dark gray to indicate it is active.
After clicking the Record button, a ―Choose a Data File to Write‖

dialog box will open.
The virtual instrument currently defaults to the root directory (C:\)

for saving data files as illustrated above. As the root directory can
quickly become cluttered with data, it is recommended that the
user create a data directory (such as C:\Data ) or click on My
Documents  and save the data there or in a subfolder. The

default filename  is based on the date and time the file was
created as: ―yyyymmddhhmmss.xls‖.
The following example illustrates a renamed data file  in an

alternate folder (―Data‖ from the previous example). Clicking OK
will start the data recording and return to the Histogram tab—a
feature of the virtual instrument. Data files recorded with an ―xls‖
extension also create a same name ―ini‖ file that records the unit
configuration as illustrated by the pre-existing data file recorded
earlier the same day . If you select an existing file for the
filename, the virtual instrument will append the data to the original
file with a new header to indicate the break in data.
Data File Format

The ―xls‖ data file created by the virtual instrument is a ―text-tab‖
delimited file rather than being a true Microsoft® Excel® data file. It
can be opened in any text editor; however, it produces a very ―wide‖
file with 114 fields that are more easily viewed in a spreadsheet.
The recording starts with a 2-line header row that defines the data
fields followed by as many rows of data as are recorded by the user.
Note: The virtual instrument was developed to serve the needs of
several different instruments and there are some fields that do
not currently apply to functions in the 3340. This header is too
wide to reproduce here but is shown in a reduced form at the
end of Appendix B.

CHAPTER 5
Theory of Operation
The Model 3340 is a laser aerosol spectrometer that measures the

size of particles based on the amount of light scattered by the
particle as it passes through an intense laser beam.
In the instrument, particles are confined to the centerline of the

laser beam by sheath air. Side-scattered light is collected by dual
Mangin mirror pairs that focus the collected light onto two solid-
state photodetectors. The electronics convert the light pulses into
electrical pulses the amplitude of which are then measured to
determine the diameter for each individual particle. Transit times
are also measured and minimum and maximum transit thresholds
may be set for each detector gain stage.
The particle range spanned by the Model 3340 is from 0.09 to

7.5 µ m and particle data are binned into up to 100 user defined
size channels.
Instrument Subsystems
The TSI Model 3340 is an optical-scattering laser-based aerosol
particle spectrometer system for accurately and precisely sizing
particles in the range from 90 nm to 7.5 µ m in diameter. It uses
fully user-specified size binning of up to 100 channels anywhere
within its size range.
The spectrometer instrument consists of 5 general subsystems,

described in this chapter.
1. The main optical subsystem responsible for generating the laser
light, detecting the scattering from the particles and providing a
mechanical enclosure for the optical system and for delivery of
the sample aerosol.
2. The flow system for bringing the sample aerosol through the
optical interaction region, including flow control and
measurement.
3. The analog electronics system for amplifying and processing the
particle signals.
5-1
4. The digital electronics system for analyzing particle signals,
binning signals according to user-specified bin mappings and
generating a histogram of number of particles in the specified
bins, and for communicating with the PC and system
monitor/control functions.
5. An onboard PC running Windows and a specialized application
GUI for instrument control, setup and data reporting and
collection.
Figure 5-1
Block Diagram of Optical Particle Spectrometer
Optical System
The Optical system consists of
 The laser and associated components and optics.
 The detection system, including collection optics and
photodetectors and reference monitoring.
 Mechanical housing for above.
Laser and Associated Components and Optics

The laser is a Helium-Neon gas laser. It operates in the
fundamental (TEM00) spatial mode on the 633 nm laser line with an
intracavity power ~1 to 10 W. The laser mode has a 1/e2 intensity
diameter of ~400 µm at the interaction region. The standing wave
laser mode is perpendicular to the flow of particles. Particle scatter
is collected in a direction perpendicular to both the particle flow

and the laser standing-wave. As particles traverse the laser mode,
they scatter light into the detection system. The amount of light
scattered is a strong function of the particle size.
Detection System
The detection system consists of two pairs of Mangin collection
optics capable of collecting light over a large solid angle. The
Mangins image the volume of space at which the flow intersects the
laser mode onto a photodiode. There are two pairs of collecting
optics: one pair images onto an Avalanche Photo Diode (APD) for
detecting the smallest particles (the primary scattering detection
system). The other pair (located on the opposite side of the block)
images onto a low-gain PIN photodiode for detection of the upper
size range of the instrument (the secondary scattering detection
system). Each detector is amplified in a current-to-voltage stage
which feeds the analog electronics system. The system can detect
particles as small as 90 nm (≥50% efficiency, <01 count/ 5 minute
dark count rate). The system size sensitivity is limited by several
noise sources: a fundamental noise process from the photon shot
noise on the detected molecular scatter from background gas, a
fundamental noise process from the Johnson noise in the
photodiode transimpedence feedback resistor and from technical
noise of various sources.
Mechanical Housing
The laser and detection optics are built into a sealed mechanical
enclosure (the optical block, Figure 5-2 and Figure 5-3).
Figure 5-2
Side View of Optical Block
Theory of Operation 5-3

Figure 5-3
Top View of Optical Block
Flow System
The mechanical laser mount forms a sealed block around the laser
and the input/output jets. A pump draws on an exhaust jet pulling
flow through the inlet jet and across the laser mode. The input jet
is an aerodynamically focused assembly with a sample nozzle of
500-µ m diameter and a sheath nozzle of 760-µ m diameter. The tip
of the sheath jet sits close to the edge of the laser mode. Sample
flows are between 5 and 100 sccm and the sheath flow is typically
650 sccm. Particle velocity depends on sheath flow rate, but is on
the order of 50 to 100 m/s. The particles are confined to a region
of space whose extent is limited to a fraction of the laser mode size.
This yields a sizing resolution of approximately 5% of the
particle size.

Figure 5-4
Schematic Diagram of Flow System
Analog Electronics
The analog chain converts the photocurrent of the detector
photodiodes to a voltage and processes that signal (called the
particle signal). The chain is repeated for the primary and
secondary detection systems.
The particle signal is fed into two different AC gain stages, differing
in gain as specified below. In total there are four gain stages: high
and low for each of the primary and secondary detection systems.

Gain Stage Labeling Convention
High Gain Low Gain
Primary detector G3 G2
Secondary detector G1 G0
Gain ratios:
G3/G2 = 50
G2/G1 = 20
G1/G0 = 20
Note: The gain ratios G3:G2 and G1:G0 are pure electrical
amplification gain ratios. The G2:G1 ratio is more complicated
since it involves two independent photodetectors with
independent electronics and on opposite sides of the optical
block. See the discussion in Chapter 7, Calibration.
The gain stages also provide low-pass filtering to the signal. Each
gain stage then feeds its own baseline restoration circuit, which
restores the 0 Volt base line which is disturbed by frequent particle
signals after AC coupling. The particle signal is then passed to a
peak hold circuit which tracks the rise of the photo-signal as a
particle crosses the laser and holds the peak value. The digital
system then processes the signal and when complete, issues a reset
to the baseline restore and peak hold electronics.
Figure 5-5
Block Diagram of Analog Electronics
Digital Electronics System

Digital electronics are used for pulse height analysis and
monitoring and control of on-board systems such as flow meters
and environmental variables.

Analog-to-Digital Converters and Peak Height Analysis
For each of the four gain stages (2 primary, 2 secondary) there is an
associated Analog-to-digital (ADC) converter. The ADCs run a 16-bit
conversion at 100 kHz sample rate. The chain of events is begun as
a particle traverses the laser mode and begins scattering light. The
particle signal from the highest gain stage on the primary detector
(G3) feeds an analog comparator. If the signal exceeds a preset
(user-settable) threshold it generates a particle trigger. The
threshold value is independent of the particular active bin map: it
is should be set to register the smallest detectable particle (90 nm
diameter) under typical operating parameters. After a trigger is
generated and after a small delay to allow the particle signal to
reach its maximum, the 4 ADCs sample the 4 peak-held particle
signals from the four gain stages. Starting from highest gain (G3)
and working down in gain, the first ADC that is not in saturation is
the valid particle ADC. The value of this ADC is read and compared
to a look-up table of bin boundaries previously loaded into memory.
Depending on where in the look-up table the particle signal
belongs, a counter for the appropriate channel is incremented
(There are certain conditions which will post-invalidate a particle
event, for example, if the event falls outside certain timing
requirements.) After the particle signal is sampled, a reset is sent to
the peak hold circuit and the cycle repeats for the next particle.
The look-up table is the heart of the peak-height analysis in this

instrument. It can be reset by the user at any time to generate an
arbitrary bin mapping. The user specifies the boundaries of the
channels and this is automatically converted, via the calibration
curve, relative gains and calibration points into a mapping of
voltages at each of the gain stages. The mapping process is
transparent to the user and occurs every time a bin map is
committed to the instrument (see the Calibration section below).
Monitoring/Control
The digital system also provides monitoring and control of onboard
systems. It reads and sets the mass flow controller for monitoring
and control of the sample flow. It reads the electronic flowmeters for
the sheath flow (flow is controlled by a mechanically-actuated
needle valve). The laser reference from the reference photodiode is
sampled on an ADC and read in the digital electronics module.
Additional housekeeping parameters such as case temperature and
ambient barometric pressure are also monitored. All parameters
which are read by the digital system are logged with the sample
data. All parameters which are set are stored in configuration files.

On-board PC
The on-board PC provides all user interface to the instrument. It is
an 800 mHz Celeron® single-board computer running the Windows®
XP operating system. The monitor is a standard 640 × 480 LCD
display. All normal OS operations are handled by Windows®, e.g.,
networking, file management, printing, etc. The user interface is a
virtual instrument written in National Instruments LabVIEW® (see
Chapter 4). Communication with the digital electronics system is
via internal RS-232. The update rate of the PC I/O is 10 times per
second.
Calibration
Calibration is an important process for any particle spectrometer
instrument. The Model 3340 with its high resolution and large
number of arbitrarily settable bins poses unique challenges in this
area. Several features have been added to this instrument to make
the calibration process as easy and accurate as possible.
There are 4 separate gain stages which must be ―stitched‖ together

for accurate, seamless sizing across the full dynamic range of the
instrument. The gain stages are labeled in the table in a preceding
section. There are two types of gains that need calibrating:
absolute and relative gains. Relative gains are used to calibrate gain
stages to one another. Absolute gain is used to fix the overall scale
to a known particle size.
The relative gain calibration is somewhat automated, though the

results can always be altered if the user needs to make slight
adjustments. The relative gain calibration works by sampling an
ambient air distribution which contains particles of all sizes
measured by the spectrometer. The instrument detects a particle on
adjacent gain stages (for example G3 and G2), noting the signal size
on both gain stages (in volts). (For example a 150 nm particle might
be 7.5 V on G3 and 0.150 V on G2.) By noting many such events, a
relationship between the signal size of a particle on the two gain
stages can be determined---the relative gain. A linear fit to the data
for many events produces a relative gain and an offset between
adjacent gain stages. By running this procedure on all adjacent
gain stage pairs (G3 and G2; G2 and G1; G1 and G0) a complete
specification of the relative gains can be developed, linking the
optical and electronic signals across the range of the instrument
(which spans 6 decades of signal size in volts).
In addition to the relative gains is the calibration curve, that is, the
shape of the particle signal size (in volts) and the particle size (in
nm). Once the relative gains are known the corrected response for
the entire instrument can be formed from the calibration curve. The
calibration curve has several distinct regions. Since the wavelength
of the instrument is 633 nm, it is expected that all particles below

approximately 300 nm will lie on a sixth-power curve, that is, the
particle signal is a sixth-power of the particle size. Larger particle
sizing is based on an approximation to a Mie curve appropriate for
the scattering response of the instrument. The very largest particles
have a response curve based on the square of the particle diameter.
This is a complicated function which must be both calculated and
confirmed by test particle measurement during factory calibration.
In the event that the user has a preferred curve (empirical or
theoretical, with for example a different index of refraction), the
built-in curve can be overwritten.
Figure 5-6
Example Calibration Curve
In principle, if all the relative gains are known accurately, and the
calibration curve is known, the instrument need only be calibrated
in an absolute sense at one point—any point in fact. In practice it is
best to use a trusted particle or a few trusted particles. For factory
calibration, the particle sizes used are a nominal 0.100 µ m
(100 nm) for Gain 3, 0.200 µ m (200nm) for Gain 2, 0.500 µm
(500 nm) for Gain 1 and 3 µ m for Gain 0. In addition the transition
region in Gain 1 is further defined by nominal 0.9 µ m (900 nm) and
1 µ m (1000 nm) particles. The specific particles used during
calibration may be verified on the unit calibration certificate.
In some cases, the user may have preferred particles to use for
calibration. In this case as many particles as needed may be used.
If the particles do not all fall on the preset instrument calibration
curve, the calibration curve is altered slightly to ensure that the
calibration particles will return a result which is the stated size of
the particle. The data representing signal size for a given particle
size is entered in the UI and is referred to as calibration points.
Note that alteration of the calibration curve from the preset may be

required in order to accommodate several possible inconsistencies:
for example, particles that have been inconsistently sized with other
methods; nonlinearities in the instrument‘s detection electronics; or
improved empirical data on the non-power law portion of the curve.
One comment on the relative gains is needed. In the particle-size

regions where detection passes from one gain stage to another,
there can be discontinuities in the histograms produced. The
histograms are very sensitive to the relative gain parameters, and
the relative gain parameters are experimental quantities, subject to
statistical and systematic error. The stitching region between G2
and G1 is particularly prominent in this regard, since detection
technique changes between these gain stages (they are physically
different photo-detectors). The relative stitching will never be perfect
and the ability to zoom in on these transition regions can
overemphasize the stitching errors. The user can optimize the
stitching parameters to accommodate unusual requirements in this
area, however, the semi-auto-calibration provided should be
adequate in most cases.
Whenever changes are made to the relative gain parameters, the

calibration curve or the calibration points, the new parameters will
be used in the generation of the next bin map as it is committed to
the instrument.
Particle Coincidence
Particle coincidence is typically defined as more than one particle in
the viewing volume of the particle counter creating a signal that
causes the counter to incorrectly classify the particles as a single,
mis-sized particle. Coincidence typically increases somewhat
linearly with particle concentration until the saturation limit is
reached. Above this point instrument operation is unpredictable.
This, along with particle transit time and processing time is
factored into the 3000 particle/second count limit. Coincidence
may be reduced by reducing the instrument flow rate and/or
diluting the sample.
Note: Changing the lower limit of the bin map to exclude small
particles from the histogram does not affect the total number of
particles the instrument has to process and has no effect on
coincidence. This is also why the count limit flag may be
displayed even though relatively few particles are being
counted in the histogram.

CHAPTER 6
Maintenance
Most components of the Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer are

solid-state and require little or no maintenance. This section
provides information about the maintenance procedures that are
required.
The Model 3340 does not normally require maintenance beyond the
occasional optical cleaning. The optical system is designed to
minimize contamination and it is not unusual for units to operate
for years without any significant contamination. In addition, the
unit is designed with automatic gain control (AGC) which allows
continued accurate particle sizing with varying laser power.
That said, it is possible for contaminants to end up on the laser

optics which can reduce the laser power to a point where the unit
will no longer zero count or provide adequate resolution of particles.
The best indicator of this is to check the laser reference voltage on
the controls tab. If the reference has declined significantly from the
calibration reference recorded on the calibration label then the
optics may be contaminated.
Cleaning Optics
Before starting this operation, read the following safety information
and become familiar with the warning and caution labels found on
the instrument.
Laser High Voltage Supply

The laser in this instrument is powered by a high voltage supply.
There is a warning sticker on this power supply. The supply is
capable of producing peak voltages of 9 KV with an average current
of less than 1 milliamp and continuous voltages of 1.9 KV at a
current of 6 milliamps.
6-1
The anode wire from this supply is attached to the laser tube anode
connector. This part of the laser is covered. There is a sticker on the
anode cover denoting the danger here.
WARNING: Failure to observe these high voltage

labels can result in injury or death.
Laser Safety Information

This instrument is a Class 1 laser product as defined by the
National Center for Device and Radiological Health (formerly BRH).
It has an internal cavity with no user-accessible transmitted output
power. The internal cavity develops high resonant energy that is
inaccessible to the user. Warning labels are located near the
cleaning ports.
WARNING: The performance of procedures other

than those specified in this manual may result in
exposure to light radiation that can cause
blindness.
Laser Bench Cleaning

The critical optics of the bench are the laser window and the
external mirror. These optics are accessible via two cleaning ports
illustrated below.
Note: Even though the following cleaning procedures are executed
with the laser turned on, and a cotton swab is inserted into the
laser beam, the procedure is safe. As this procedure is done in
the actual laser cavity, the laser beam is severely attenuated
(or even extinguished) as soon as a solid object is inserted into
the beam.

Figure 6-1
Laser Bench Cleaning
The following pictures illustrate the optics to be cleaned.
Laser Window HR Mirror

Figure 6-2
Laser Bench Optics
To clean the optics you will need the following tools and supplies:
 3/32 inch hex driver for cleaning port screws
 PH1 (Phillips #1) screwdriver for lid screws
 Cotton swabs (“Q-tips®” or Medical Grade recommended)
 Reagent, Spectroscopic or Analytic Grade acetone
The monitor voltage varies during the warm up period. The

instrument should have been on for 30 minutes before performing
this procedure.
®Q-tips is a registered trademark of Chesebrough-Pond's Inc.
Maintenance 6-3
Cleaning Procedure
1. Remove the 16 flat Phillips-head cover screws and remove the
unit cover.
2. Attach the zero count filter to the inlet jet tubing.
3. Put the virtual instrument in the controls tab. Monitor the
laser reference display during the optics cleaning procedure.
4. Disconnect the Ferrule nut that connects the input tubing of
the flow assembly to the exhaust jet of the optical bench.
Figure 6-3
Disconnecting Ferrule Nut
5. Remove the 4 cleaning port screws.

6. Remove the cleaning port from the laser window side.
7. Look into the cleaning port and see if there are bright sparkles
on the surface of the window. This indicates contamination
however it is possible to have contamination that does not
show as ―sparkles‖.
8. Wet a cotton swab with a few drops of acetone and shake off
excess. The swab should be slightly wet, not dripping.
9. Immediately swipe across the surface of the window in one
direction.
Note: Use the cotton swab only once. Do not wait an
excessively long time between wetting the swab and
performing the cleaning. The glue of the swab will migrate
to the fibers and contaminate the surface. You may need
to try different cleaning directions to get the surface clean.
An absence of sparkles on the surface and a higher
monitor voltage indicate that the surface is clean.
10. Replace the cleaning port and reconnect the Ferrule nut of the
tubing of the flow assembly. Allow the pump to run for about a
minute and track the monitor voltage.

11. If the voltage remains higher, disconnect the ferrule nut from
the exhaust jet and clean the external mirror of the optical
bench. Use the previously described procedure. If the optical
bench has not had a significant loss of power, the monitor
voltage should be within 50% of the original voltage.
12. Once the surfaces have been cleaned and the monitor voltage
maximized, do a zero count test to check that there is not a
zero count failure in the first channel of the instrument.
13. If it is not possible to raise the monitor voltage to 50% of the
original level, contact TSI.
14. When finished, re-install the cleaning port screws and replace
the unit cover, securing with the 16 Phillips-head screws.
Inlet Jet
The alignment of the inlet jet is critical to the performance of the
Model 3340. While it is ―locked down‖ it is still possible to move it
under the right circumstances. For this reason, the inlet jet is
completely recessed inside the unit in order to protect it from
bumps, scrapes overtorquing and mishandling.
Figure 6-4
Inlet Jet
The inlet is brought out through the cover port with the supplied
0.063‖ ID/0.125‖ OD tubing. Additional 0.125‖ tubing is supplied
with the instrument along with 0.125‖ ID/0.25‖ OD tubing for
making splices.
In the event that the user needs to change the inlet tubing they will
need to remove the 16 cover screws and the cover in order to access
the Swagelok® fitting on the inlet jet.
Maintenance 6-5
The tubing MUST be fully inserted into the jet, approximately 1.3‖
(3.3 cm) from the front of the ferrule as shown below before the
knurled ferrule nut is tightened or a ―particle trap‖ may develop in
the jet.
Note: The knurled ferrule nut should be tightened “Finger tight” only
to avoid potential misalignment of the jet.
Figure 6-5
Inserting Tubing into Jet
In the highly unlikely event that the inlet jet becomes misaligned
TSI recommends factory service. Inlet jet alignment requires the
availability of a monodispersed particle generator, 100 nm
calibration particles and knowledge of their use. Additionally, an
oscilloscope may be required in some cases.
Please contact TSI if you feel that the inlet jet may be misaligned.

CHAPTER 7
Calibration
Calibrating the Model 3340 is a moderately complex procedure

requiring some specialized equipment and calibration materials. It
is recommended that the instrument be returned to the factory for
calibration. However, some users may wish to use different particle
standards for the primary calibration points (such as NIST vs. JSR
or Duke) or add additional calibration points beyond what are
normally provided. For those users who wish to perform
calibrations with PSL particle size standards, the following
equipment is required:
 Particle Generator capable of supplying filtered air to nebulize
and dry PSL (Polystyrene Latex) calibration particles suspended
in DI water
 PSL Calibration Particles (NIST, Duke, JSR, etc.)
 Nebulizer(s)
 Filtered Deionized water to dilute particle samples
Note: This discusses the basics of using the calibration mode in the
instrument. This does not necessarily produce an ISO
calibration unless ISO standards are followed.
7-1
Calibration Mode Controls
Configuration Tab
The software starts in the operator mode which does not allow
changes to be made in the calibration. To enter the calibration
mode type the calibration password obtained from TSI in the
password window  and click the Enter Password button  with
the mouse. Contact TSI Customer Service for the calibration
password.
Note that the User Mode window  now indicates ―Calibration‖ and
the former ―Enter Password‖ button  is now labeled ―Revert
Mode‖. The ―Save‖, ―Load‖  and ―Revert to Factory Configuration‖
 buttons are now active.

Save Button
The ―Save‖ button will be used when saving changes to the
configuration. It is highly recommended that this file be renamed
rather than over-writing the original configuration file. A typical
unit is shipped with the configuration file C:\PH\config.cfg as
shown in the ―Active Config‖ window above. TSI‘s suggestion is to
rename the configuration file C:\PH\configmmddyy.cfg where
mmddyy is the month, day, and year the change was made. This
keeps a record of each configuration change and allows for recovery
of a previous configuration in the event an undesired change was
inadvertently saved.
Note: The “Save” dialog box may default to the directory in which
data was last saved. It is recommended that configuration
files always be recorded in the C:\PH directory. The virtual
instrument creates a pointer file called last.cfg which points
to the saved configuration file. The configuration file saves all
major parameters (flow rate, sample time, calibration points,
etc.) used by the virtual instrument. This file is updated any
time a configuration is saved or loaded.
Load Button
The ―Load‖ button is used to open an alternate configuration file.
One use for this is when a specific alternate calibration is desired
for a specific test without altering the normal calibration. An
alternate configuration file can be created and loaded for specific
tests. When the tests are complete, the original configuration can
be loaded which will then be loaded when the virtual instrument
is started.
Calibration 6-3
Revert to Factory Configuration Button
―Revert to Factory Configuration‖ is a way to recover if a
configuration file has become corrupted or was saved with
parameters that cause the unit to function incorrectly. A duplicate
copy of the ―as shipped‖ configuration file named factory.cfg is
loaded when this button is clicked. When using this feature it is
very important that you immediately change the filename from
factory.cfg by clicking on the Save button and entering a new file
name. Otherwise, the original settings in the C:\PH\factory.cfg file
will be overwritten and lost when saving subsequent changes.
Map Tab Calibration Controls

Calibration Mode displays additional controls that are normally
hidden on this tab. The additional controls allow plotting Voltage
or Time  histograms for each gain stage (G3-G0 buttons) .
Voltage mode is most useful when calibrating and is discussed in

the calibration example section. Time mode is primarily a
troubleshooting tool and is not discussed in this manual.

Calibration Tab
The calibration tab is available after entering the calibration
password. The Calibration Curve subtab shows the calibration
curve  for the unit and the calibration point controls .
Additionally the calibration curve window has a pair of cursors 

that can be dragged to indicate size and relative voltage  of any
point on the curve. In the example above, the cursors have been set
to indicate the 100 nm calibration point.
The figure above is an enlargement of the calibration control section

from the previous example, illustrating the first calibration point ―0‖
 which is set in Gain stage 3  as 870 mV  for a 100 nm
particle . A minimum of 1 calibration point (0) is required for unit
operation.
Calibration 6-5
The above screens are illustrations of the saturation points (red)
that separate the gain stages G3 - G0 and the calibration points
(white) that are displayed in the calibration curve. The bottom two
calibration points in the curve are calculated and not changeable
from the virtual instrument.
A minimum of 1 calibration point (point 0 in gain 3) is required for

unit operation. The virtual instrument will extrapolate the
remainder of the curve based on this value. Additional points to
compensate for differences between the theoretical curve and the
actual unit response may be entered (typically at least one point per
gain stage). The standard Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer
calibration involves two extra points in the transition section for a
total of six calibration points.

Calibration
A full calibration procedure is not included here but the steps
involved in creating an intermediate calibration point are illustrated
below. It is assumed that the calibrator has the requisite equipment
and training to generate PSL calibration particles.
Example: Adding a Calibration Point for 0.269 µm

PSL Particles
The unit should be set up and zero-counting with the inlet filter for
at least 30 minutes prior to calibration. Ideally, the reference will be
between 2.2 and 2.7 volts. If the reference is significantly lower
from the voltage recorded on the calibration sticker, the unit may
need cleaning. If the reference is less than 1.0 volt or greater than
2.9 volts, contact TSI for instructions. The flow should be set to
50 sccm, and if desired, the flow can be verified with a reference
standard such as a Sensidyne Gilibrator®, compensating for local
atmospheric pressure and temperature.
®Sensidyne and Gilibrator are trademarks of Sensidyne, Inc.
Calibration 6-7
Set up the Map
The map is typically set to bins ≈1% of the stated particle size with
the map limits set such that the test particle will be near the center
of the map, keeping in mind that the lowest map setting is 90 nm.
Typically all 99 channels are used although this is sometimes
reduced for particles >2 µ m. In the case of a 269 nm (0.269 µ m)
particle we would use 2.5 nm bins. If we start at 125 nm the
maximum size limit would be 125 + (99 × 2.5) = 372.5 but as we
are limited to integer sizes the upper limit will be set to 373 as
shown here. The map could as easily be set to 130-378 etc.

Initial Sampling
Go to the histogram tab and begin sampling. Particle generation
should result in 500 to 1000 counts in the peak channel in one
minute or more. If the ―Warning! The particle count rate exceeds
the maximum allowed‖ flag is active, the generation rate should be
reduced. As shown here the calculated curve has placed the
primary 269 nm particle peak channel within 1 channel (the
secondary peak is from doublets).
To create an actual calibration point for this particle, the voltage

must be known. Going back to the map tab the ―Voltage‖ and ―G2‖
buttons were selected and a map of 1000 to 8500 mV was created
and committed. Sampling again shows the same particle on a
voltage scale.
Calibration 6-9
We will look for the approximate center of the main peak rather
than the channel with the maximum number of counts. Here, the
center of the peak is ≈5000 mV.
Entering the Calibration Voltage

Selecting the Calibration tab, the Points button is scrolled to
select the next higher calibration point above our calibration
particle. In this case the next higher point was in G1 for the
499 nm particle. Right-clicking within the calibration control area
will bring up a menu and ―Insert Element Before‖ should be
selected. If no higher point had existed, the first blank location
would be used without inserting a new point.

Clicking this will insert a new point with the original number and
will ―bump‖ all higher calibration points up one number. The
resultant calibration curve will be very distorted at this point as the
inserted value is in G0, with 0 mV for 0 nm as shown here. Also,
the ―Commit‖ button will start flashing yellow indicating a
calibration change has been made but not sent to the electronics.
To finish creating the calibration point the gain stage, voltage (as
determined by particle data from the voltage histogram) and
particle size will be entered into the appropriate calibration
windows as shown. When finished, the calibration curve should be
(relatively) smooth and the commit button may be pressed to
download the new curve values.
Calibration 6-11
The particles will then be sampled again with the appropriate size
map to verify that the voltage entered was correct. If the peak is not
in the desired location then the voltage is adjusted until the peak is
in the desired location. In this case, the peak was in the desired
location on the first pass.
If the peak channel was too high, the calibration voltage would be
increased until the peak was in the right channel. If the peak was
too low, the calibration voltage should be reduced. This is a trial-
and-error process.
Once the calibration is deemed correct, the new calibration may be

saved by clicking on the Configuration tab, clicking save and
following the dialog. Changing the filename is recommended as a
precaution.
Note: Clicking stop or removing power from the unit will wipe out
any unsaved changes. This can be useful if changes were
made inadvertently, it is only necessary to stop and restart the
virtual instrument to clear undesirable changes.
Changes in existing calibration points may be made in a similar

fashion by adjusting the calibration voltage without the need to
insert a new calibration point.

Gain Stitches
An additional aspect of calibration are the three Gain ratio ―Stitch‖
tabs (G3:G2, G2:G1 and G1:G0). As the unit has two detectors,
each with two stages of amplification there are four gain stages with
three overlap zones. The stitch function measures ambient particles
that fall in this overlap zone and plots the higher gain vs. the lower
gain for particles that appear in both gain stages simultaneously.
From this, a slope (gain ratio) and offset are calculated that the
virtual instrument uses in order to smoothly ―stitch‖ the data
together at the overlap.
G3:G2 Gain Stitch

Click on the G3:G2 Gain tab. The existing ratio and offset from the
configuration file are used to generate the red line. Click Run to
initiate the stitch data collection. If you want to terminate the stitch
process before it is completed, click Run a second time to stop the
stitch process.
The program will plot each particle that appears simultaneously in

each gain stage. Once enough data have been collected to begin
analysis, the program will create a line corresponding to the center
of the distribution and these numbers will be updated as each
additional particle is measured. The ―Commit‖ button will start
flashing yellow as soon as either the ratio or offset changes from the
previously committed value. The graph will build until the required
number of particles (as indicated in the ―Pts 3‖ box) are reached at
which point the ―Run‖ button will show as inactive (light gray).
Calibration 6-13
At this point, the ―Commit‖ button can be clicked to download the
new stitch to the electronics.
G2:G1 Gain Stitch

As this stitch is measuring two photodetectors across the laser
cavity it is subject to more variation than the previous stitch as
shown here. Fewer particles are collected as ambient aerosol tends
to show a geometric decrease in counts as particle size increases.
Note: The “Align” button is for factory technician use and is not
described here.

G1:G0 Gain Stitch
This stitch requires the fewest number of particles as natural
ambient aerosol typically contains relatively few large particles and
this stitch generally takes much longer to accumulate than the
other stitches. This example taken early in the stitch process shows
about 13 particles have been plotted. The ―Commit‖ button is
flashing and the yellow ―Warning! The particle count rate exceeds
the maximum allowed‖ flag is active. This flag may be ignored
during stitching.
This shows the same stitch run after completion. Note that the ratio
and offset have changed from the earlier example.
Calibration 6-15
When the stitches have been completed, the results may be saved
by clicking the configuration tab and clicking Save as previously
described.

CHAPTER 8
Troubleshooting
This appendix lists some potential problems and their solutions.

Note: If none of the solutions provided corrects the problem, call your
TSI representative for advice.
Table 8-1
Troubleshooting Symptoms and Recommendations
Symptoms Recommendations
Unit does not turn on. Check for good contact between the power cord and
the wall outlet. Check for power at the outlet. Check
fuses (2A 5 × 20) in power inlet.
Fan comes on but Contact TSI for instructions.
computer does not boot.
LabVIEW® virtual Check for recent changes in the operating system
instrument displays error and software installations. Check if any files have
messages on startup. recently been moved, deleted, etc.
The “Warning! The This is an indicator that the concentration of aerosol
particle Count exceeds that the instrument is sampling is too high to
the maximum allowed” accurately measure. This flag is activated when the
flag is active. count rate exceeds 3000 particles/sec. Although the
3340 can measure aerosols at concentrations
greater than this value, concentration errors due to
coincidence will increase and some of the particles
will not be counted. To correct this problem the user
may either reduce the flow rate or dilute the sample.
Note: This flag can be ignored when running
stitches (Calibration mode).
“NAN” is displayed in “NAN” indicates “Not A Number” which is usually
display windows such as indicative of a problem with the configuration file.
pressure, temperature, Check the configuration tab to verify that a valid
etc. configuration file is loaded.
Unit reports low or no See “Cleaning Optics” section for cleaning
reference voltage. instructions. If this does not help or if laser is not
ionizing (pink/red glow visible through slot in anode
cover), contact TSI.
No reference or no Turn the unit off and remove the lid. Check for loose
particle data above monitor cable(s) inside unit. NEVER plug/unplug
Gain 2. internal cabling with the power on! Rarely occurs,
but most likely to occur after rough handling of unit.
8-1
Symptoms Recommendations
Sample flow rate is Verify the external flow measurement has been
incorrect. corrected for pressure and temperature.
Compare inlet flow vs. outlet flow. Differences
greater than ≈0.5 sccm may indicate a leak has
developed. Contact TSI if this occurs.
Possible corrupt configuration file. Enter the
calibration password on the Configuration tab. Note
the current configuration file path and name then
click the Revert to Factory Configuration button
and re-measure flow. If this is correct, click save
and rename the configuration file. If the flow is still
incorrect click load and re-load the original
configuration file and contact TSI.
No sample or sheath Possible Pump failure or Flow PC board failure.
flow. Contact TSI

APPENDIX A
Model 3340
Specifications
The following specifications—which are subject to change—list the

most important features of the Laser Particle Spectrometer.
Table A-1
Specifications of Model 3340
Measurement Technique ...................... Light scattering
Particle Type ........................................ Airborne solids and liquids
Particle Size Range .............................. 0.90 to 7.5 µm optical size (PSL equivalent)
Maximum Particle Concentration .......... 3000 particles per second
Display Resolution ................................ Up to 100 user-defined channels
Resolution ............................................ Within 5% at 0.1 m diameter
Sampling Time ..................................... User Selectable from 1 second to 60 hours, 60 min, 60 sec
Flow Rates ........................................... Total flow: 750 ccm, Sheath flow 650 ccm ±25 ccm, Aerosol Sample
10 to 100 sccm ±2.5% @ 50 sccm. Inlet vs. Outlet flow match ±2.5% @ 60ccm
Atmospheric Pressure Correction ......... Sample flow automatically corrected by internal flow controller
Operating Temperature ........................ 10 to 30°C (50 to 86°F)
Operating Humidity ............................... 10 to 90% RH non-condensing
Operating Altitude ................................. Sea level to 4000 meters (13,000 ft)
Laser Source ........................................ >1W intercavity power 633 nm Helium-Neon gas laser
Detectors .............................................. Avalanche Photo Diode (APD) and PIN photodiode
Front Panel Display .............................. 10” Color, 640 by 480 pixels
Power ................................................... 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz, 200 W, single phase
Communications ................................... 10/100 Ethernet (RJ45 Jack), RS232 (9-pin) port (Output only in standard
operating mode)
Outputs ................................................. RS-232 and Ethernet ports
Dimensions (HWD) ............................... 25.4 cm  43.2 cm  55.9 cm (10 in.  17 in.  22 in.)
Weight .................................................. 24 kg (53 lb.).
Fuse .................................................... 2, 2A 250V 5 20mm in power entry module
Internal fuse not accessible to user 3.5A 250V 3AG hard wired in power supply
TSI and TSI logo are registered trademarks of TSI Incorporated.
A-1
APPENDIX B
Using Serial Data
Commands
This appendix contains information you need if you are writing your
own software for a computer or data acquisition system.
Information includes:
 Pin connectors
 Baud rate
 Parity
 Command definitions and syntax.
Pin Connectors
The Model 3340 has a single 9-pin, D-subminiature connector port
on the back panel labeled SERIAL PORT (See Figure 3-3 and
Figure B-1). This communication port is configured at the factory to
work with RS-232 type devices. Table B-1 provides the signal
connections.
5 4 3 2 1
9 8 7 6
Figure B-1
SERIAL PORT Pin Designations
B-1
Table B-1
Signal Connections for RS-232 Configurations
Pin Number RS-232 Signal
1 —
2 Transmit Output
3 Receive Input
4 —
5 GND
6 —
7 —
8 —
9 —
Baud Rate
The baud-rate setting is the rate of communication in terms of bits
per second (baud). The Model 3340 uses a baud rate setting of
115,200. For proper communications, make sure that all software
used with the instrument is set at the appropriate rate.
Format (8-Bits, No Parity)

The Model 3340 RS-232 data output format uses eight data bits
with no parity as the only setting.
Stop Bits and Flow Control

The Model 3340 uses a Stop bits setting of 1 and a Flow Control
Setting of None.
ASCII Data Output

The Model 3340 RS-232 output is ASCII text–tab delimited identical
to the saved data format. The 2 line header is sent at the beginning
of the file when the Record button is clicked. The data string is
sent at the end of each sample as defined on the Histogram tab of
the virtual instrument.
B-2 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Data File and Output Format
A typical data file opened in Notepad with extra tabs inserted in the
two header rows to make the columns align correctly (Note: word-
wrap is off). It is generally easier to open data files in a spreadsheet
such as Microsoft® Excel® software but Notepad illustrates the exact
recorded time format whereas Excel® will often change the time
format.
Field Description
Date Date at the end of the record interval
Time Time at the end of the record interval
Accum Secs. Sample Accumulation Time
Scatter Volts Background Light Level
Current Volts N/A in the Model 3340
Sample sccm Sample Flow Rate (measured)
Ref. Volts Laser Reference Voltage
Temp. Volts N/A in the Model 3340
Sheath sccm Sheath Flow Rate (measured)
Diff. Volts N/A in the Model 3340
Box K Internal Temperature Sensor (°K)
Purge sccm N/A in the Model 3340
Pres. kPa Internal Ambient Pressure Sensor
Aux. Volts N/A in the Model 3340
Flow sscm N/A in the Model 3340
90.00 94.11 Size Range & counts in 1st data channel
9411 98.41 Size Range & counts in 2nd data channel
98.41 102.91 Size Range & counts in 3rd data channel
etc.
Using Serial Data Commands B-3

APPENDIX C
Computer Related
Issues
Regional Settings and LabVIEW® Software

Many European Regional and Language Options use a comma (,) as
a decimal point and may use periods (.) as digit grouping
separators. Our LabVIEW® configuration files are created using a
period (.) as a decimal point. Changing the regional settings in
Microsoft® Windows® operating system can create a conflict as it no
longer interprets the decimal correctly.
Note: We have not tested to see if decimal points other than (.) and (,)
exist in Windows® operating system but the same issue would
apply to them.
Example: Default Windows® English (United States) Setting vs.

Windows® default French (France) Setting.
Note: Number Format is 123,456,789.00.
C-1
Note: Number format is: 123 456 789,00.
After applying a comma decimal delimiter format and starting

LabVIEW® virtual instrument, note that the Sample flow on the
Controls tab is zero and the Calibration Curve is quite distorted
(calibration password is required to access the curve). Not shown is
the configuration tab which will show a trigger threshold of 0,000
rather than the normal value for the instrument.
C-2 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Figure C-1
Distorted Calibration Curve
Figure C-2
Normal Appearance of a Typical Model 3340 Calibration Curve (requires calibration
password to access)
This issue has caused confusion and unnecessary instrument

service returns. To avoid this, LabVIEW® software has an
instruction line to ignore the local decimal point. Unfortunately,
this means that the data files produced by the virtual instrument
will continue to use the period delimiter.
Computer-Related Issues C-3

Procedure to Allow use of Regional Settings with
Non-Period Local Decimal Points
A method that appears to work (but has not been thoroughly tested)
is to convert the unit‘s configuration and map files to comma
format, leaving LabVIEW® software to use the local decimal point
set in Windows® operating system. This has the advantage that any
data files it writes will also use the local decimal point. To do this,
use Notepad (or Wordpad) to edit the configuration file (typically
config.cfg or config#xx.cfg in the C:\PH directory. If in doubt, look
on the configuration tab in the virtual instrument to verify the
name of the active configuration file it is using. In this example it is
C:\PH\config.cfg.

1. Open this file in Notepad (or Wordpad).
Note: Before editing, save backup copies of any files you are
changing in another directory to preserve the original files!
2. Select Edit>Replace.

3. In the ―Find what‖ field enter a period (.) and in the ―Replace
with‖ field enter a comma (,) (or other local decimal point if
different).

4. Click Replace All then close the Replace dialog box. Note that
the decimal points are now all commas (,).
5. Save the resulting file using the same name and directory as the
original file, i.e., C:\PH\config.cfg.
6. Open the file C:\PH\LAS-3340_3p3_090519.ini. Highlight the
line useLocalDecimalPt=False as shown here and delete it
(alternatively, you could edit this to read
―useLocalDecimalPt=true‖). Save the file and exit.

Now, when the virtual instrument is started, it will open the
converted file with the local decimal points and should read the
values correctly.
Notes: 1) The factory.cfg and map files (map1 and any other user
created maps) should also be converted in a similar
fashion to the local decimal point.
2) This method can also be used to convert the decimal point
to the correct local value in data files written by LabVIEW®
software that ignore the local decimal point as in option 1
above. For large data files we suggest using Wordpad
instead of Notepad as Wordpad performs the conversion
much more efficiently.
3) Notepad and Wordpad are normally found in: Start > All
Programs > Accessories.
Remote Desktop Operation

Note: These instructions assume that Windows® XP Professional is
the operating system on both computers.
The Microsoft® Windows® Remote Access feature allows remote

control and monitoring of one or more Model 3340 Laser Aerosol
Spectrometers from another PC which may be located on the same
Ethernet network or from an outside network via an Internet
Service Provider.
To use Remote Desktop the 3340 must first be set up to allow

remote connection. Windows® system setup of the instrument‘s PC
to allow Remote Desktop operation is outlined here:
1. Right-click on My Computer and select Properties.

2. Click on the Remote tab and click the Allow users to connect
remotely to this computer box under the ―Remote Desktop‖
section. Make note of the name of the computer and click Apply
then OK.
Ensure that the Model 3340 is connected to an Ethernet network

and that the connection is functioning. The connection
functionality can be tested by trying to access an internet web site
via Microsoft® Internet Explorer® browser.

If the control PC is not connected to the same physical network, it
must have the necessary permissions to access the network
remotely via the Internet. Contact your network administrator for
assistance if needed as this is beyond the scope of these
instructions.
Accessing the instrument remotely via Remote Destktop:

1. From the control computer, click on Start > All Programs >
Accessories > Remote Desktop Connection.

2. The following dialog should appear:
3. Click on the Options button to expand the dialog box to allow

customization of the connection:

4. On the ―Display‖ tab, set the display resolution to 640×480,
16-bit color to match the normal screen resolution of the
Model 3340.
5. Click More then Drives, in the ―Local Resources‖ tab to allow

access to the control computer‘s drives. This is useful for saving
data as otherwise you can only save data on the remote PC.

6. On the ―General‖ tab, enter the full remote computer name in
the appropriate field. For access via the internet contact your
network administrator for instructions. The user name may be
entered here or may be entered when asked to log in to the
remote computer. Click Connect to establish the Remote
Desktop session.
7. You may see a warning screen asking if you trust the

connection. Click Connect to complete the connection.

8. After connecting, you need to log on to the Model 3340
computer. Use the same username and password as when
working on the instrument directly (default: user name: tsiinc,
password: 3340).
9. When working, you should see the desktop of the target

instrument in the Remote Desktop window. Clicking on the
desktop virtual instrument icon should start the virtual
instrument and allow full control.
Note: If you have selected the “Drives” option under “Local

Resources” when setting up the connection, you will have
access to the control computer’s drives for saving the data.
Clicking on the My Computer button in the data file dialog box
will show the 3340’s drives as well as the control computer’s
local and network drives (see screen below).

C: drive on control PC
(PC name is BC003)
10. To disconnect from the remote desktop, close the Remote

Desktop window. Click on OK in the popup dialog to
disconnect. The application(s) running on the3340 computer
continues running until they are shut down.
11. For connecting to the instrument on an internal corporate

network from an outside network (such as a home ISP) an
outside remote desktop gateway will be needed on the corporate
network. Setup of this is beyond the scope of this manual.

Bi-directional Serial Command Protocol
The Bi-directional Serial Command protocol is designed to allow
limited remote control operation of the spectrometer via the RS-232
port. It allows the user to start a single sample of a user-defined
length, verify the status of the sample, get the sample distribution
including sample time, flows, reference, etc., stop sampling, and
verify the map that is in use from a separate control computer.
Note: This does not allow remote control of map settings, flow rate,
or configuration/calibration settings. This is primarily useful
for automated test setups where the control computer may also
be controlling flow, temperature, etc., and processing the data.
If this option is selected, a LabVIEW® virtual instrument with this

feature must be installed in place of the standard installed version
which is set for unidirectional output only. A standard M-F RS-232
cable will need to be connected between the test computer and the
spectrometer which is running the virtual instrument. Contact TSI
Customer Service for a copy of the virtual instrument software with
the bi-directional capability.
Test Computer Settings (illustrated in

HyperTerminal®)
Use settings of 115,200 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, and
no flow control.
For the illustrations here HyperTerminal® was also set to echo locally,
append linefeeds ,and wrap lines.
®HyperTerminal is a trademark of Hilgraeve, Inc.

Status Command
Format: status <Enter>.
This command verifies the status of the sample. The response of

―Not running‖ indicates the computer and the spectrometer are
communicating and that the program was not currently taking
data. If the program was sampling (whether under RS-232 control
or direct local control), the response would be the total number of
particles counted followed by the seconds remaining in the current
sample.
Note: In all the following examples, the “Enter” key was pressed
after the screenshot was taken as the unit response
overwrites input text line.
Start Command
Format: start n <Enter>.
Where n is the desired sample time in seconds. This command is

used to start a single test sample. In this case a 60 second sample
was started. The response ―OK‖ indicates the command was
accepted.

Entering the previously described status command gives a response
of ―1464, 41.0‖ indicating that the unit had counted 1464 particles
and there were 41.0 seconds left in the sample.
The sample was allowed to finish, then the status command was
repeated. This time the ―Not running‖ response indicates the
sample is finished.
Distribution Command
Format: distribution <Enter>
This command causes the unit to send the sample data to the
control computer in a comma delimited format. In this example
―458‖ is the number of counts in the first channel, ―424‖ is the
number of counts in the second channel, etc. At the end of the
channel data the unit sends the following data: set sample time,
date and time the sample was started, sample flow, sheath flow,
Reference Voltage, Pressure, and Temperature.

Note: If the unit was running, but a sample had not been started, the
distribution data is invalid. If the unit has not finished with the
sample, the distribution data will be an intermediate value in
the sample. There is nothing to indicate that the sample is not
complete, it is recommended to always verify that the status
has returned to “Not running” before requesting the
distribution.
(Distribution data outlined in red)
Map Command
Format: map <Enter>
This command causes the unit to send the bin map currently in
use to be sent to the control computer.
(Map size bins outlined in red)
If the map "Under" option is active, the map is preceded by a -1. If

the map "Over" option is active, the map is followed by 9999
(not shown).

Stop Command
Format: stop <Enter>
This command terminates a sample in progress. In the example, a

60-second sample was started then stopped part way through the
sample. The response ―OK‖ indicates the command was accepted.
Invalid Commands
Any command that is not recognized generates an ―?Invalid
Command!‖ response as demonstrated by entering a misspelled
stop command in the example below.

Index
A detector PC board, 3-4

digital electronics system, 5-6
AC power connector, 3-3
digital PC board, 3-4
acetone, 6-3
distribution command, C-18
analog chain, 5-5
analog electronics, 5-5 E
block diagram, 5-6
Ethernet port, 3-4
analog PC board, 3-4
exhaust port, 3-3
analog-to-digital converter, 5-7
applications, 1-2 F
Avalanche Photo Diode, 5-3
ferrule, 6-6
B ferrule nut, 6-6
disconnecting, 6-4
back panel, 3-2
filters, 3-4
baud rate, B-2
flow strut, 3-4
bench cleaning, 6-2
flow system, 5-4
bi-directional serial command protocol, C-16
schematic, 5-5
block diagram, 5-2
format, B-2
C front panel, 3-1
calibration, 5-8, 7-1 G
calibration curve, 5-9
gain ratios, 5-6
calibration mode control, 4-9
gain stage labeling convention, 5-6
calibration tab, 4-14
guards, 3-2
caution symbol, vii
channel cursor, 4-13 H
choose a data file to write, 4-15
Class 1 laser, v Helium-Neon gas laser, 5-2
Class 1 laser product, 6-2 help, xiii
cleaning optics, 6-1, 6-3 high voltage supply warning, 6-1
cleaning port screws, 6-4 high voltage warning, v
cleaning procedure, 6-4 histogram display controls, 4-11
clear control, 4-6 histogram map, 4-4
collecting data, 4-15 histogram tab, 4-2, 4-9
commit button, 4-4, 4-5 HyperTerminal®, C-16
computer connections, 2-2, 2-3
configuration tab, 4-14
I–J
connecting computer, 2-2, 2-3 inlet, 3-2
connecting power, 2-2 inlet jet, 6-5, 6-6
connectors inserting tubing into jet, 6-6
AC power, 3-3 internal components, 3-4
control, 5-7 internal diagram, 3-4
controls tab, 4-3 invalid command, C-20
cumm button, 4-11
K
D keyboard, USB, 2-1
data collection, 4-15
data file format, 4-16
L
default password, 4-1 LabVIEW desktop icon, 4-1
default user name, 4-1 laser, 5-2
description, 3-1 bench cleaning, 6-2
detection system, 5-3 high voltage supply warning, 6-1
Index-1
laser aerosol spectrometer, 1-1 relative gain, 5-10
laser optical block, 3-4 RS-232
laser reference voltage, 4-4 signal, B-2
laser safety, 6-2 run button, 4-2, 4-10
LCD display, 3-1
load control, 4-6 S
location of warning labels, vi safety, v
sample flow, 4-3
M–N sampling controls, 4-10
maintenance, 6-1 save control, 4-6
calibration, 7-1 schematic, 5-5
manual history, ii sensor, mounting, 2-2
map command, C-19 serial data commands, B-1
map controls, 4-4 baud rate, B-2
map limits, 4-6 format, B-2
map tab, 4-4 pin connectors, B-1
mechanical housing, 5-3 stop bits and flow control, B-2
monitoring, 5-7 serial port, 3-3, B-1
mounting sensor, 2-2 designations, B-1
mouse, USB, 2-1 service policy, iii
setting up, 2-1
O sheath flow, 4-3
on-board PC, 5-8 signal connections for RS-232 configurations, B-2
operation, 1-2, 4-1 solid-state, 6-1
operator mode, 4-14 specifications, A-1
optical block start command, C-17
side view, 5-3 status command, C-17
top view, 5-4 stop bits and flow control, B-2
optical system, 5-2 stop button, 4-2
optics, 5-2 stop command, C-20
cleaning, 6-1, 6-3 submitting comments, xiv
cleaning procedure, 6-4 subsystems, 5-1
over control, 4-8
overview, 1-1 T
temperature sensor, 4-4
P test computer settings, C-16
packing list, 2-1 theory of operation, 5-1
particle coincidence, 5-10 trademarks, iv
particle signal, 5-5 troubleshooting, 8-1
password symptoms and recommendations, 8-1
default, 4-1
entry window, 4-14 U
peak height analysis, 5-7 under control, 4-8
pin connectors, B-1 unit controls, 4-3
power connection, 2-2 unpacking, 2-1
power PC board, 3-4 USB keyboard, 2-1
power supply, 3-4 USB mouse, 2-1
pressure sensor, 4-4 USB port, 3-1
product description, 1-1, 3-1 user mode, 4-14
product registration, iii user name
pulse height analysis, 5-6 default, 4-1
pump exhaust, 3-3
purpose of manual, xiii V
ventilation requirements, 2-2
Q vi. (see virtual instrument)
quick start guide, 4-1 virtual instrument, 1-1, 4-1
R
record control, 4-13
related product literature, xiii
Index-2 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

W–X–Y
warning, v
warning labels
location, vi
warning symbol, vii
warranty, iii
Windows® XP operating system, 3-2, 4-1
Z
zero-count filter, 4-2
Index Index-3
Reader’s Comments
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TSI Incorporated – 500 Cardigan Road, Shoreview, MN 55126 U.S.A
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Contact your local TSI Distributor or visit our website www.tsi.com for more detailed specifications.
P/N 6002729 Rev A Copyright © 2009 by TSI Incorporated Printed in U.S.A.

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Particle Sizers

Operation and Service Manual

P/N 6002729, Revision A

Unpacking and System 2

Operation and Service Manual

The following is a manual history of the Model 3340 (Part Number

ii Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Part Number 6002729 / Revision A / October 2009

iv Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

This section gives instructions to promote safe and proper handling

The Model 3340 is a Class I laser-based instrument. During normal

Take these precautions:

 Two Laser Safety

vi Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Caution or Warning Symbols

Warns you that uninsulated voltage within the instrument may

Manual History ...................................................................... ii

x Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

xii Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Related Product Literature

xiv Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

This chapter contains a product description of the Model 3340

How the Model 3340 Operates

The Model 3340 contains a computer running the Windows® XP

Refer to Chapter 5, ―Theory of Operation,‖ for a detailed description.

1-2 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

This chapter provides information concerning the accessories

The special dual-box packaging and foam cradle are designed to

The cabinet should be installed with at least 2-inch (50-mm)

Toggle the on/off switch at the POWER connection to the on

Connections to the Computer

2-2 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Unpacking and System Setup 2-3

3-2 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

The pump exhaust connector is a ¼-inch Swagelok®-style

Limited external control of the virtual instrument for automated

®Swagelok is a registered trademark of Swagelok Company of Solon, Ohio, USA

Description of the Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer 3-3

3-4 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Quick Start Guide

3. Click on the Histogram tab. Initially the ―Run‖ button  will be

4-2 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

The sample flow rate may be adjusted in three ways:

The sample flow is controlled by an internal mass-flow controller

Model 3340 Operation 4-3

The Pressure and Temperature sensors are internal, non-precision

Map Tab Primary Controls

The most commonly used map controls are:

4-4 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

In a similar fashion, the number of size channels may be adjusted

Clicking the Commit button  causes the new map to be

Model 3340 Operation 4-5

Clear, Load, and Save Controls

4-6 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Model 3340 Operation 4-7

Over and Under Controls

Note: Having both Over and Under active simultaneously reduces

4-8 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Calibration Mode Controls

Model 3340 Operation 4-9

4-10 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer

Model 3340 Operation 4-11

4-12 Model 3340 Laser Aerosol Spectrometer