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Isolating Quantities PART 7

1. C=1.2272M+3.0556F
An English teacher uses the equation above to give the composite score, C, on the final exam,
given M correct multiple choice answers and F points on the free response questions. Which of
the following equations correctly gives the number of correct multiple choice answers in terms of
the composite score and the number of points on the free response questions?
C−3.0556!
A. M= !.!!"!

C
B. M=!.!!"!− 3.0556!

3.0556!−!
C. M= !.!!"!

3.0556!
D. M= !.!!"! − !

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Correct Answer: A Difficult Level: 2

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2.c = !
!

The formula above gives the capsize screening value, c, for a sailboat with a
beam b feet long and that displaces d pounds of water. Higher capsize screening
values suggest that a sailboat is more stable. Which of the following equations
correctly gives the displacement in terms of the capsize screening value and the
beam length?
(!!)!
A. d =
!

!!
B.!d =
!!

!!
C.!d = ( )!
!

!
D.!d = ( )!
!!

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Correct Answer: C Difficult Level: 2

!" ! !
3. A =
!"#

The above equation can be used to find the area, A, of a sector of a circle of radius, r,
where θ is the sector's central angle in degrees. Which of the following correctly
shows the circle sector's radius in terms of the area of the sector and the central
angle?
!"#!
A.r = !"

!"#!
B. r = !"#
 %
!"
C.!r = !"#!

!"
D. r =!"#!"

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Correct Answer: A Difficult Level: 2

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4. xmid= !

The formula above gives the xx-coordinate, xmid, of the midpoint of a line segment
whose endpoints have x-coordinates x1 and x2. Which of the following equations
correctly gives the x-coordinate of the second endpoint, x2, in terms of
the x\x-coordinates of the first endpoint and of the midpoint?
A. x2=2xmid−x1
!!
B. x2=2xmid−
!
C. x2=2xmid−2x1
!!
D. x2=xmid−
!

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Correct Answer: A Difficult Level: 2

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5. F=G
!!
The gravitational force, F, of attraction can be determined for two objects of
mass, M and m, separated by a distance, r, through the equation shown above,
where G is the gravitational constant. Which of the following is the correct expression
for mass, m, in terms of the force, gravitational constant, mass M, and the separation
distance?
!"
A. m = G !2

!"! !
B.!m =
!
!! !
C.!m =
!"
!
D.!m = !"!2

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Correct Answer: C
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Difficult Level: 2

!
6. v =331.3 1 + !"#.!"
The formula above gives the velocity, vv, in meters per second, at which sound
travels through air that is at a temperature of TT degrees Celsius. Which of the
following equations correctly gives the air temperature in terms of the velocity of
sound?
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!!
A. T=273.15( – 1)
!!".!!
!!
B. T=273.15 -1
!!".!!
C. T=273.15(v−331.3)2
!!!!".! !
D. T=273.15(
!!".!
)

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Correct Answer: A
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Difficult Level: 3

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The Law of Sines, shown above, where A and B represent any two angles of a
triangle and a and b represent the lengths of the sides opposite those angles, states
that the sines of the angles of a triangle and the lengths of the sides opposite those
angles are proportional. Which of the following shows a in terms of sinA, sinB,
and b?
A. a=b%
!"# !
B. a=!!!"# !%

!!!"# !
C. a= !!"# ! %

!!!"# !
D. a= !!"# ! %

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Correct Answer: C
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Difficult Level: 3

!!"
8.%vrms = %
!!

The root-mean-square speed is the measure of the speed of particles in a gas.

Root-mean-square speed, vrms, can be calculated using the equation shown above,
where Mm is the molar mass of a gas, R is the molar gas constant, and T is the
temperature. Which of the following equations correctly expresses the molar mass of
a gas in terms of root-mean-square speed, temperature, and the molar gas constant?
!!"
A. Mm=(!"#$)!
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B. Mm=
(!"#$)!
!"#$ !
C. Mm= !!"
!!"
D. Mm=
!"#$

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Correct Answer: B Difficult Level: 3

9. p2+2pq+q2=1
In genetics, the Hardy-Weinberg Law states that if 2 different versions, or alleles, of a gene are
present in proportions p and q, then how they are expressed in successive generations is governed
by the equation above, where the proportions, p and q, are numbers between 0 and1, inclusive.
Which of the following correctly expresses allele p in terms of allele q?
A. (p+q)2=1
B. (p+q)2=0
C. p=−q±1
D. p=−q

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Correct Answer: C Difficult Level: 3

!!"
10. a= !"
+ 10
Which of the following equations gives b in terms of a and c?
!!
A. b= -200
!
!!!!"
B. b=
!
!!
C. b= -10
!
!!!!"
D. b=

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Correct Answer: B Difficult Level: 3

!
11. j = 78
!

Which of the following equations correctly gives c in terms of j and m?

!
A. c= 78
!
!
B.!! =
!"!

!
C. c= 78
!
!
D.!! =
!"!

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Correct Answer: A Difficult Level: 3
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12. T= (!"#)! + (!0)2

The equation above gives the tension, T, at a point of the cable of a suspension
bridge whose horizontal distance from its lowest point of the cable is x meters, where
the cable has a mass to length ratio of µ, and a tension of T0 at the lowest point. The
constant g represents the gravitational acceleration in meters per second. Which of
the following equations correctly gives x in terms of T, T0, and µ?
!!!0
A. x=
!"

!!(! 0)!
B. x=
)

!"

! ! !(! 0)! )

C. x=
!"

! ! !(! 0)!
D. x=
)

!"

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Correct Answer: C Difficult Level: 3

!
13. U= kx2
!

The elastic energy of an object, U, is determined by the amount of its compression, x, and the
spring constant of the object, k, as shown in the formula above. Which of the following correctly
shows the object's absolute compression in terms of its elastic energy and spring constant?
!"
A. x=
!
!!
B. x=
!
!!
C. x=
!
!! !
D. x=( )

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Correct Answer: B Difficult Level: 3

14. V=πr2h
The volume, V, of a cylinder of radius, r, and height, h, can be found with the equation above.
Which of the following correctly expresses the cylinder's radius in terms of its volume and height?
!!
A. r=
!
!!
B. r=
!
!
C. r=
!!
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D. r=
!!

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Correct Answer: D Difficult Level: 3

!!!
15.Q = !

The formula above gives the quick assets ratio Q in terms of a company's current
assets, A; inventories, I; and current liabilities, L. Which of the following equations
correctly gives the inventories in terms of the quick assets ratio, the current assets,
and the current liabilities?
A. I=QL−A
B. I=A−QL
C. I=L(Q−A)
D. I=L(A−Q)
Correct Answer: B Difficult Level: 4

!
16. h=H(1 − )
!
Continental crust sits much higher than oceanic crust because of differences in
density. In fact, for many objects with a similar shape and of known height, H, and
density, a, floating in a fluid of density, b, the distance, h, that it protrudes above the
liquid's surface can be determined by the equation shown above. Which of the
following correctly expresses the object's density in terms of the protrusion distance,
object height, and fluid density?
!
A. a= !( − 1)
!
!
B. a= b(1 − )
!
!!
C. a=(
!
− 1)
!!
D. a=(1 − )
!

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Correct Answer: B Difficult Level: 4

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17. R=
!
To determine the value of a country's economy, a number called the Gross Domestic
Product, or GDP is used. The current annual growth rate, R, can be determined from
the current year's GDP,C, and the previous year's GDP, P, by using the following
relationship. Which of the following correctly shows the previous year's GDP in terms
of the growth rate and the current year's GDP?
A. R=C−1
B. P=C−R−1
!
C. P= + 1
!
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!
D. P=
!!!

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Correct Answer: D Difficult Level: 4

!
18. x=v t+ at2
!
The horizontal displacement, x, of an object with constant acceleration, a, initial
velocity, v , at elapsed time, t, is given by the above equation. Which of the following
equations correctly shows the acceleration in terms of displacement, initial velocity,
and time?
! !!!!∘
A. a=
!
!(!!!∘)
B. a=
!
!(!!!!∘)
C. a=
!!
!!
D. a=
!3 ! ∘

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Correct Answer: C
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Difficult Level: 4

19. r = !! + !!
The radius, r, of a circle whose center is at the origin and that passes through the
point (x,y)can be found with the equation above. Which of the following correctly
shows a possible value of the x-coordinate in terms of its radius and y-coordinate?

A. x= !! − !!

B. x= ! ! − ! !

C. x= ! ! + ! !

D. x= r – y
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Correct Answer: B Difficult Level: 4

20. r =447.593+9.247w+3.098h−4.33a
The Harris-Benedict equation above gives the basal metabolic rate, r, for a woman who weighs
w kilograms, is h centimeters tall, and is a years old. Which of the following equations correctly
gives the weight of the woman in terms of her basal metabolic rate, height, and age?
!
A. w= −447.593−3.098h−4.33a
!.!"#
!
B. w= −447.593−3.098h+4.33a
!.!"#

!!!!".!"#!!.!"#!!!.!!!
C. w=
!.!"#
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!!!!".!"#!!.!"#!!!.!!!
D. w=
!.!"#

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Correct Answer: D msttptttrto
Difficult Level: 4

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21. C=
!!!

For two capacitors, wired in series, the equivalent capacitance, C, can be expressed
in terms of the capacitance, a and b, of each capacitor, with the above equation.
Which of the following correctly expresses the capacitance of capacitor a in terms of
capacitor b's capacitance and the equivalent capacitance?
!
A. a=
!!!

B. a= Cb(b−C)
!"
C. a=
!!!

!"
D. a=
!!!

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Correct Answer: C Difficult Level: 4

22. L=πr ℎ! + ! !

The lateral surface area, L, of a right circular cone with radius, r, and height, h, can
be found with the equation above. Which of the following correctly shows the right
circular cone's height in terms of its radius, lateral surface area, and π?
!!
A.!ℎ = + !!
!!

!
B.!ℎ = + !!
!"
!
C.!ℎ = (!")! + ! !
!
D. h= −r
!!

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Correct Answer: C Difficult Level: 4

23. CiVi=Cf(Vi+Vd)
The formula above relates the initial concentration, Ci, and final concentration, Cf, of a solute,
the initial volume, Vi, of a solution, and the volume, Vd, of diluting substance added. Which of the
following equations correctly gives the volume of diluting substance added in terms of the initial
volume and the initial and final concentrations?
A. Vd=CiVi−CfVi
!i!!!!!
B. Vd=
!f
! f! i
C. Vd=
!i!!f
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D. Vd=!!( − 1)
!f
Correct Answer: D Difficult Level: 4
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! ! !
24.! = +
! ! !

By bending incoming light rays through a focal point, a thin lens of focal length f will
turn an object that is o units from the lens into an image that is ii units from the lens,
according to the thin lens equation, shown above. Which of the following correctly
shows the object distance in terms of the focal length and the image distance?
A. o=f−i
B. o=f i(i−f)
!"
C. o=
!!!

!
D.!! =
!!!

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Correct Answer: C Difficult Level: 4

!1 !2
25. =
!1 !2

Charles's law, for ideal gases relates the volume, V, and temperature, T, of an ideal
gas in its initial(1) and final (2) states. Which of the following shows the initial
temperature in terms of the final temperature, the initial volume, and final volume?
A. T1=T2
!2
B. T1= V1−
!2

!2
C. T1=
!

! 2! 1

! 2! 1
D. T1=
!

!2

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Correct Answer: D Difficult Level: 4

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26. t =
!!!!!
The equation above gives the approximate doubling time in years, t, of the population
of a country with a b percent annual increase due to births, a d percent annual
decrease due to deaths, and a net migration of mm percent relative to the initial
population over the course of a year. Which of the following equations correctly gives
the net migration percent in terms of the doubling time, percent increase from births,
and percent increase from deaths over the course of a year?
!"
A. m=
!!!!!
!"
B. m=
!"!!!
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!"
C. m= -b+d
!

!"!!!!
D. m=

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Correct Answer: C Difficult Level: 4

27. The area, A, of the unshaded circular ring shown BELOW can be found with the
equation A=π(R2−r2), where R is the radius of the larger circle, r is the radius of the
smaller circle, and π is a constant. Which of the following shows R in terms
of A and r?

!!! !
A.!! =
!
!
B.!! = +!
!
!
C.!! = − !!
!
!
D.!! =
!
+ !!

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Correct Answer: D Difficult Level: 4

28. x2+y2+z2=R2
Using a 3-dimensional coordinate system, the coordinates of a point, (x,y,z), and the polar
coordinate, R, which is the distance of the point from the origin, can be related by the above
equation. Which of the following correctly expresses the y-coordinate in terms of the x-
and z-coordinates and the distance, R?
A. y=R−x−z

B. y= ! − ! − !

C. y= ! ! − ! ! − ! !