IAS 2018 ETHICS TEST SERIES Download PDFs

Download All PDF form here :- https://t.
me/pdf4exams
IAS 2018
ETHICS
TEST SERIES
By: MANOJ K. JHA
TEST: 2
www.iasscore.in
https://t.me/testseries4exams
Download All PDF form here :- https://t.me/pdf4exams
TEST - 02
ETHICS TEST SERIES 2018
ETHICS, INTEGRITY AND APTITUDE

Time Allowed: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 250
SECTION - A
1. ‘Weak value system in families eventually transcend to weak social, political and
administrative systems, leading in turn to degeneration of the whole nation’. Comment.
E
2. A man's ethical behavior should be based effectually on sympathy, education, and social
ties and needs; no religious basis is necessary. Man would indeed be in a poor way if
he had to be restrained by the fear of punishment and hope of reward after death."
3.
Comment. OR
"When a man assumes a public trust, he should consider himself as public property”.
Illustrate the essence of the statement.
4. How does lack of goodness breed a delinquent society marked by crisis of faith and
SC
trust? What are the consequences of crisis of faith and trust in a society? Why does it
become much more difficult to govern such a society?
5. What is a social sin? Is there any standard definition of it? How can we abstain from
social sins? And if we fail to abstain from so called social sins, what would be the
consequences?
GS
6. Difference and similarity between values and virtues.

7. ‘Problem-preventing values’ have more importance than ‘Problem solving skills.’ Do you
agree? Substantiate your opinion with suitable illustration.
8. What is human dignity? Why maintenance of it has been incorporated in all religious
texts as well as in our Constitution?
9. 'Real freedom is of the mind and spirit; it can never come to us from the outside.'
Analyze the essence of this statement with reference to the working experience of
Indian bureaucracy.
10. In the Contemporary World, the need for professional ethics is increasing. Why the
social control over the use of professional skill is required? Explain by choosing the
example from any profession.
11. While acting for 'change' and 'progress', should we be disappointed because we can do
too little? Give reasons in favour of your stand.
12. Opportunities are those gateways to success and fulfillment that open up often but
people generally fail to recognize it. What are the major barriers in recognizing the
opportunities in career of a civil servant? And what one can do to improve their ability
of noticing new opportunities?
13. Is it necessary that 'what is ethical is also legal' and vice versa? Explain with examples.
Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude [1]
SECTION - B
In the following questions carefully study the cases presented and then answer the question that
follows:
14. Due to the contemporary developments in the information technology and convergence,
the accesses of adults and children to media including variety of entertainment have
increased. The children have impressionable minds and the quality of entertainment
would have a bearing on them even when they grow adults. One moderately rich family
has two children who have given mobile phones to their children with internet connection
so that they can complement their studies with huge amount of information and aids
available on the internet. Father encourage children to 'grow with the technology of their
times' and rather than 'forcing discipline' on them. However, there is also misuse of
information technology. The students are engaging in many undesirable activities outside
the school, especially their exposure to many computer games (Blue Whale Challenge,
Dead Space 2, Mortal Kombat, Medal of Honour, Call of Duty Black OPS, New Vegas
E
etc.), which are known to be fatal and addictive, impinging on their education and value
systems.
OR
Answer the following questions:
(a) What steps parents can take to stop such new and pervasive kind of menace due to
the unrestricted use of the computers and mobile phones?
(b) What is the importance of "forced discipline" in this case?
SC
(c) How can discipline be sustained for a long time without discontent of the subjects?
15. There was a day-light murder of a very popular social activist who always raised the
issue of poor and downtrodden before District Administration. He was very popular
among the downtrodden. A strong and determined crowed of ten thousand people have
assembled at the collectorate with the dead body demanding immediate action against
GS
the accused police officials who have failed to provide necessary security to the leader.
People suspect that there is a hand of one powerful leader from the ruling party. You
are the head of the District Administration?
(a) What are the options available to you?
(b) Evaluate the merits and demerits of each option and choose the option which you
consider best, giving reasons?
16. Once you went to market with your mother for festive shopping. There you found that
most of the shopkeepers have employed children as attendants and were behaving very
harshly with them. You get very touched by seeing all this and started arguing with one
of the shopkeeper on this issue. Your mother told you to stop and asked you that if you
argue like this, he will remove the child and child may have no earning source for
family.
(a) What will you do in consonance to your moral quality in this situation?
(b) Discuss limitations of various possible actions that you are suppose to take.
(c) Among the available options, which may yield the desired result in consonance to
your moral quality.
[ 2 ] Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude
17. A private school has dismissed a teacher after claiming that she had failed to complete
her six-month probationary period to a satisfactory standard. But the actual reason was
that she had been suspended from the job after just three months on the grounds of her
HIV status. But school does not want to make it as a formal reason for dismissal. She
is friend of your wife. She is hesitating in making a formal complaint to competent
authority. Your wife informally discussed this with you as you are a District Collector.
She expect something from you but she fears that if matter goes to public it will hurt the
sentiment of victim as she herself don't want to do anything.
Discuss course of action that you will take and justify every steps.
18. There are various religious and cultural occasions in India when a large number of people
gather to form a big procession which marches from one area of the city for celebrations
and emersion of statues to other areas dominated by people of different religions and
sects. In such cases the possibility of riots and conflicts are very high. Suppose you are the
E
Police Superintendent in one such area where after Puja (worship), a procession of a
particular community is learnt to have planned to pass through some streets before emersion
of the statue in the river eventually. Answer the following questions?
OR
(a) As Superintendent of Police what will you do if you learn about marching of such
a procession to the areas dominated by other communities which have a record of
mistrust?
(b) Will you completely ban movement of a religious procession in case of apprehension
SC
of a conflict? Give reasons.

(c) In case a conflict takes place during the marching of a procession and a riot like
situation arises, state the steps you would take to keep the situation under control.
19. People of a slum area are disturbed because of loudspeaker noise coming from nearby
religious places. Community members of that area are not happy, as sound is loud and
GS
sometime fiery speeches are also made. Also there is a sense of competition between
different religious abodes to go louder especially during festivals seasons. They don't
have courage to go to community leaders or police stations. You are son of a rich and
powerful businessman who is preparing for Civil Services. One of your servant hails
from that area and explain his problem to your father. But your father doesn't want to
get into that, as he himself is the biggest donor of religious celebration of that area.
(a) What will you do according to your moral consonance?
(b) Discuss various options.
(c) Discuss merits and demerits of various options.
(d) Compare the best option and explain why you consider it as the best.
20. You are working in a big government organization as head. Under you, there is a team
of seven people. A senior administrative officer has recently joined it. He is very short
tempered and yells at his subordinates even on small issues. Due to his position no one
utter a word but feel very humiliated. You have noticed the lack of participation of
subordinates in the project due to his behaviour. Also you know that your subordinates
and colleagues expect something from you.
(b) Evaluate each of these options and choose the option, you would adopt, giving
reasons.
TEST - 02
ETHICS TEST SERIES 2018

Time Allowed: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 250
Q. Marks Instructions to Candidate
1.
• There are 20 questions.
2.
3.
4. • All questions are compulsory
5.
6. • The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated
7. against it.
8.
9.
• Content of the answer is more important than its length.
10.
11.
• Answers must be written in the space provided.
12.
13.
14. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-
15. cum-Answer Booklet must be clearly struck off.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Name _______________________________
Roll No.___________________________
1. Invigilator Signature _______________ Mobile No.___________________________
2. Invigilator Signature _______________ Date ________________________________
Signature ____________________________
2
Roll No.____________
SECTION - A
Q1. ‘Weak value system in families eventually transcend to weak social, political and
(150 Words) (10 Marks)
Remarks
3
Remarks
4
Q2. A man's ethical behavior should be based effectually on sympathy, education, and social
ties and needs; no religious basis is necessary. Man would indeed be in a poor way if he
had to be restrained by the fear of punishment and hope of reward after death." Comment.
Remarks
5
Remarks
6
Q3. "When a man assumes a public trust, he should consider himself as public property”.
Illustrate the essence of the statement. (75 Words) (5 Marks)
Remarks
7
Q4. How does lack of goodness breed a delinquent society marked by crisis of faith and
trust? What are the consequences of crisis of faith and trust in a society? Why does it
become much more difficult to govern such a society? (150 Words) (10 Marks)
Remarks
8
Remarks
9
Q5. What is a social sin? Is there any standard definition of it? How can we abstain from
social sins? And if we fail to abstain from so called social sins, what would be the
consequences? (150 Words) (10 Marks)
Remarks
10
Remarks
11
Q6. Difference and similarity between values and virtues. (75 Words) (5 Marks)
Remarks
12
Q7. ‘Problem-preventing values’ have more importance than ‘Problem solving skills.’ Do
you agree? Substantiate your opinion with suitable illustration.
(75 Words) (5 M ark s)
Remarks
13
Q8. What is human dignity? Why maintenance of it has been incorporated in all religious
texts as well as in our Constitution? (150 Words) (10 Marks)
Remarks
14
Remarks
15
Q9. 'Real freedom is of the mind and spirit; it can never come to us from the outside.' Analyze
the essence of this statement with reference to the working experience of Indian
bureaucracy. (150 Words) (10 Marks)
Remarks
16
Remarks
17
Q10. In the Contemporary World, the need for professional ethics is increasing. Why the
social control over the use of professional skill is required? Explain by choosing the
example from any profession. (150 Words) (10 Marks)
Remarks
18
Remarks
19
Q11. While acting for 'change' and 'progress', should we be disappointed because we can do
too little? Give reasons in favour of your stand. (150 Words) (10 Marks)
Remarks
20
Remarks
21
Q12. Opportunities are those gateways to success and fulfillment that open up often but
people generally fail to recognize it. What are the major barriers in recognizing the
opportunities in career of a civil servant? And what one can do to improve their ability
of noticing new opportunities? (150 Words) (10 M ark s)
Remarks
22
Remarks
23
Q13. Is it necessary that 'what is ethical is also legal' and vice versa? Explain with examples.
(75 Words) (5 M ark s)
Remarks
24
SECTION - B
In the following questions carefully study the cases presented and then answer the question
that follows:
Q14. Due to the contemporary developments in the information technology and convergence,
the accesses of adults and children to media including variety of entertainment have
increased. The children have impressionable minds and the quality of entertainment
would have a bearing on them even when they grow adults. One moderately rich family
has two children who have given mobile phones to their children with internet connection
so that they can complement their studies with huge amount of information and aids
available on the internet. Father encourage children to 'grow with the technology of
their times' and rather than 'forcing discipline' on them. However, there is also misuse
of information technology. The students are engaging in many undesirable activities
outside the school, especially their exposure to many computer games (Blue Whale
Challenge, Dead Space 2, Mortal Kombat, Medal of Honour, Call of Duty Black OPS,
New Vegas etc.), which are known to be fatal and addictive, impinging on their education
and value systems.
(a) What steps parents can take to stop such new and pervasive kind of menace due to
the unrestricted use of the computers and mobile phones?
Remarks
25
Remarks
26
Remarks
27
Q15. There was a day-light murder of a very popular social activist who always raised the
issue of poor and downtrodden before District Administration. He was very popular
among the downtrodden. A strong and determined crowed of ten thousand people have
assembled at the collectorate with the dead body demanding immediate action against
the accused police officials who have failed to provide necessary security to the leader.
People suspect that there is a hand of one powerful leader from the ruling party. You are
the head of the District Administration?
(b) Evaluate the merits and demerits of each option and choose the option which you
consider best, giving reasons? (250 Words) (20 Marks)
Remarks
28
Remarks
29
Remarks
30
Q16. Once you went to market with your mother for festive shopping. There you found that
most of the shopkeepers have employed children as attendants and were behaving very
harshly with them. You get very touched by seeing all this and started arguing with one
of the shopkeeper on this issue. Your mother told you to stop and asked you that if you
argue like this, he will remove the child and child may have no earning source for family.
(c) Among the available options, which may yield the desired result in consonance to
your moral quality. (250 Words) (20 Marks)
Remarks
31
Remarks
32
Remarks
33
Q17. A private school has dismissed a teacher after claiming that she had failed to complete
her six-month probationary period to a satisfactory standard. But the actual reason was
that she had been suspended from the job after just three months on the grounds of her
HIV status. But school does not want to make it as a formal reason for dismissal. She is
friend of your wife. She is hesitating in making a formal complaint to competent authority.
Your wife informally discussed this with you as you are a District Collector. She expect
something from you but she fears that if matter goes to public it will hurt the sentiment
of victim as she herself don't want to do anything.
Remarks
34
Remarks
35
Remarks
36
Q18. There are various religious and cultural occasions in India when a large number of
people gather to form a big procession which marches from one area of the city for
celebrations and emersion of statues to other areas dominated by people of different
religions and sects. In such cases the possibility of riots and conflicts are very high.
Suppose you are the Police Superintendent in one such area where after Puja (worship),
a procession of a particular community is learnt to have planned to pass through some
streets before emersion of the statue in the river eventually. Answer the following
questions?
(a) As Superintendent of Police what will you do if you learn about marching of such a
procession to the areas dominated by other communities which have a record of
mistrust?
(b) Will you completely ban movement of a religious procession in case of apprehension
of a conflict? Give reasons.
(c) In case a conflict takes place during the marching of a procession and a riot like
situation arises, state the steps you would take to keep the situation under control.
Remarks
37
Remarks
38
Remarks
39
Q19. People of a slum area are disturbed because of loudspeaker noise coming from nearby
different religious abodes to go louder especially during festivals seasons. They don't
have courage to go to community leaders or police stations. You are son of a rich and
powerful businessman who is preparing for Civil Services. One of your servant hails
from that area and explain his problem to your father. But your father doesn't want to get
into that, as he himself is the biggest donor of religious celebration of that area.
Remarks
40
Remarks
41
Remarks
42
Q20. You are working in a big government organization as head. Under you, there is a team of
seven people. A senior administrative officer has recently joined it. He is very short
tempered and yells at his subordinates even on small issues. Due to his position no one
utter a word but feel very humiliated. You have noticed the lack of participation of
subordinates in the project due to his behaviour. Also you know that your subordinates
and colleagues expect something from you.
(b) Evaluate each of these options and choose the option, you would adopt, giving reasons.
Remarks
43
Remarks
44
Remarks
The answers are written in form of “Thinking Line” rather than complete answer to place the
aspirant in right thinking direction so that he/she may be able to grasp the requirement of the
question and how to approach the answer in objective and articulated manner. Content,
Context & Structure of the answer will be discussed in the class
Ethics Test Series 2018

Answer Hints: Test No.2 www.iasscore.in

SECTION - A
1. ‘Weak value system in families eventually transcend to weak social, political and
Thinking line:
E
• The individual is the first building block of the value architecture. The values that a person
holds have been derived from family, friends, neighbours, teachers, mass media and so on.
OR
• The family value system inculcates the moral values of tolerance, non-violence, sympathy,
compassion, harmony, etc.
• But the development of values and the sense of one's duty towards the nation, community
and one's self, and thinking skills do not find any place in the curriculum at any stage of
SC
child's development. As a consequence, there are explicit signs of erosion of values in practically
every sphere of our life.
• There is a circular relationship between individual and society in these respects in so far as
individual behaviour determines the way society moves and social values drive men the way
they behave, each reinforcing the other.
• Hence the erosion of values at individual level creates a vicious cycle of erosion of values in
GS
all sphere which ultimately destroys the whole nation.

2. A man's ethical behavior should be based effectually on sympathy, education, and social
ties and needs; no religious basis is necessary. Man would indeed be in a poor way if he
had to be restrained by the fear of punishment and hope of reward after death." Comment.
Thinking line:
• Man's ethical behavior is defined by the rightfulness and wrongfulness of its actions. His
actions should be in tune with the principles defined by the society for maintaining one's
behavior, choices and actions.
• But for the adherence of ethical behavior it has been linked to the religious rewards and
sentiments. Moral rules and principles in the society are backed up by the promise of
rewards and the threat of penalties either in this life or in an afterlife.
• But the question arises that if human being ceases to treat that religion, then it is indeed
possible that morality will be undermined. Hence tying moral to religious teachings should
not be done.
• It should be based on the basic principles of humanity which need to be adhered irrespective
of belief and religion.
• People should be encouraged to think and view things in terms of cause and effect based
on objectivity and rationality rather than objectivity.
3. "When a man assumes a public trust, he should consider himself as public property”.
Illustrate the essence of the statement.
Thinking line:
• Public employment carries with it a unique obligation to uphold the public trust. It is the
confidence of the people that directs and empowers authorities to perform their duties and
obligations in accordance to what they ought to deliver to the people who put them in
position.
• Further trust can only be maintained through open, honest, accountable and transparent
government, fundamentally through good governance. This requires healthy public and
private relationships. The national interest should overpower self interest and conduct of the
civil servant should be in tune to the professional values.
E
• He should work selflessly to demonstrate the highest standards of professional competence,
efficiency and effectiveness, upholding the Constitution and the laws, and seeking to advance
OR
the public good at all times and should put possibilities for personal advantage to one side.
• Public servants should work for betterment of society by sticking to their duties as prescribed
according to law alongwith integrity and honesty.
4. How does lack of goodness breed a delinquent society marked by crisis of faith and trust?
SC
What are the consequences of crisis of faith and trust in a society? Why does it become
much more difficult to govern such a society?
Thinking line:
• Community is a combination of two elements: a) A web of affect laden relationships among

a group of individuals, relationships that often crisscross and reinforce one another-rather
than merely one-on-one or chainlike individual relationships based on goodness of act; b) A
GS
measure of commitment to a set of shared values, norms, and meanings to a particular

culture.
• The lack of goodness in individual act lead to crisis of faith and trust.
• The consequences of crisis of faith and trust are:

a) It reduces the bonding between members.
b) Peace and order of the society get hampered.
c) Public trust on institutions gets delay.
d) People do not follow rules and regulations and society reduces to chaos.
e) Government fails to implement programmes and policies.
• It becomes more difficult to govern such a society as trust and bonding among people ended.
• The society is not just governed by laws, rules and regulations but by the will of the people,
norms that society places on individual. Thus following of goodness in behaviour is must.
[2] Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude
5. What is a social sin? Is there any standard definition of it? How can we abstain from social
sins? And if we fail to abstain from so called social sins, what would be the consequences?
Thinking line:
• The social sin applies to every action against justice in interpersonal relationship, committed
either by the individual against the community or by the community against the individual.
There is no effective and standard definition of social sin till date which explicitly interprets
the wider meaning of the term, however, as per its nature it can be defined as "those actions
which are the results of thousands or even millions of different selfish choices by as many
different people and thus is collective, an aspect of our society which doesn't resemble the
kingdom of God".
• A social sin usually involves other people. However in today's changing scenario of the
world have changed the dimensions of social sins which include:
(a) Bioethical violations such as birth control
E
(b) Morally dubious experiments such as stem cell research
(c) Drug abuse
(d) Polluting the environment
OR
(e) Contributing to widening divide between rich and poor
(f) Excessive wealth
(g) Creating poverty
SC
• For abstaining from the social sin, awareness about the sin and its consequences on oneself
and society is must. This will help an individual in choosing the right path in life.
• The consequences of social sin can be felt at both the individual level as well as the societal
level. For example: corruption is one of the biggest social sins in the present era. Money that
is meant to benefit the people is diverted to the pockets of corrupt government officials and
their conspirators. It can lead to death and damage of property when corrupt government
GS
officials allow corporations to destroy the environment that causes flooding, air pollution,
and climate change.
• Similarly use of biotechnology for cloning or stem cell research have ethical implications as
it contradicts the duty to prevent or alleviate suffering, and the duty to respect the value of
human life.
• Hence people should abstain from involving in social sins.
6. Difference and similarity between values and virtues.
Thinking line
• Values are the principles and fundamental convictions which act as general guides to behavior,
the standards by which particular actions are judged as good or desirable. A value is
something related to a particular culture that is known as a culturally accepted norms.
Individual cultures emphasize values their members share extensively.
• Public values are defined as those values that provide normative consensus about: (1) the
rights, benefits, and prerogatives to which citizens should (and should not) be entitled; (2)
the obligations of citizens to society, the state, and one another; and (3) the principles upon
which governments and policies must be based.
• Virtue also associates with culture and personal levels in a more moral sense. People are a
part of the culture and the good qualities they have within are called virtues. Virtues
represent good morals of people. It is a positive trait that is considered the foundation of a
morally principled person. Thus, virtues can also be referred to as characteristics of people
who make up a certain culture or society. However, unlike values, virtues do not define a
particular culture. Virtues are often associated with personal traits.
• Virtues could also be shaped by religions and beliefs of people while values are shaped by
the culture or the society people live in.
• Thus, it is comprehensible that values and virtues are distinctly different in terms of what
they reflect: values reflect what is accepted by cultures while virtues reflect characteristics
of a human being in terms of his/her morals.
7. ‘Problem-preventing values’ have more importance than ‘Problem solving skills.’ Do you
agree? Substantiate your opinion with suitable illustration.
Thinking line
E
• Skill depicts the professional competence of the human being, his expertise in handling a
situation. But problem preventing values receive much more importance as compared to
solving skills these days.
OR
• However, anticipating a problem in advance helps in facing it with strong determination
and strength. This saves time and resources both, and creates a responsible society.
• Thus priority should be given to pure emotions, a feeling mind that catches the problems
beforehand and helps in solving it rationally.
SC
• This can be understood by the following example - the concept of sustainable development
is based on this thought only. It states that by conservation of natural resources in advance
we can save a better future for near generations. It emphasis or problem preventing values
by - conserving water, air biodiversity, forest rather than solving the issue using skill once
the damage has been done . The GHGs during industrial revolution are leading to climate
change and global warming in this millennium.
GS
• This shows that prevention is better than cure and this requires creativity & innovation.
• Thus, Holistic Excellence lies in = 'Efficiency + Ethicality = skills human + values.
8. What is human dignity? Why maintenance of it has been incorporated in all religious texts
as well as in our Constitution?
Thinking line
• 'Human Dignity' forms the basic foundation for the establishment of human values. It states
that every human being should be acknowledged as an inherently valuable member of the
human community and as a unique expression of life, with an integrated bodily and spiritual
nature.
• In all the religious texts maintenance of human dignity has been mentioned as it forms the
basis of human identity.
• The principle is foundational for the maintenance of distributive justice, principles like the common
good, the right to life and the right to health care as mentioned in the Indian constitution.
• Without dignity none of the protections of the various legal human rights mechanisms can
have real meaning, which is why the concept has held, and continues to hold, a central
place in the all human rights framework whether religion texts or constitution.
9. 'Real freedom is of the mind and spirit; it can never come to us from the outside.' Analyze
the essence of this statement with reference to the working experience of Indian bureaucracy.
Thinking line:
• Freedom as 'inner freedom' emphasizes on the inner aspect of life. The closest English
equivalent would be 'freedom-hood' meaning 'freedom of one's consciousness state', the
conscious inner struggle for inner freedom for which all human beings strive for understanding
knowledge of one's connectedness with the world and other beings in the world i.e.
'enlightenment'.
• Enlightenment is the mental condition of inner freedom. Inner freedom is freedom from the
ignorance of human nature and human potentiality... 'freedom of thought', freedom of mind
and freedom of conscience.
• Freedom is said to exist when an individual is not subject to external controls or coercion
and is able to make independent decisions and act in an autonomous way.
E
• Freedom is also about expanding the ability of people to freely express themselves and
develop their potential.
•
OR
Freedom in this sense is the condition in which people can develop their creativity and
capabilities.
• But the Politico-administrative relations have placed obstacles on the working of the Indian
Bureaucracy. Also the nexus between politicians-criminals is affecting the freedom of
bureaucrats to implement the programmes and policies in a more creative and efficianet
SC
manner.
• In the present era bureaucrats have been given sovereign power in their hands. But this
power is robbed by hosts of self-seekers. The ideal form of freedom is curtailed on every side.
• But as stated real freedom comes from inside hence bureaucrat should work according to
virtues and code of ethics to bring creativity and efficiency in the system.
10. In the Contemporary World, the need for professional ethics is increasing. Why the social
GS
control over the use of professional skill is required? Explain by choosing the example from
any profession.
Thinking line:
• Professional ethics assesses the moral dimension of human activity in the occupations of
politics, law, medicine, engineering, journalism, management, accountancy and other
occupations that aspire to professional status.
• It is concerned with the standards and moral conduct that govern the profession and its
members. More specifically, professional ethics examines issues, problems, and the social
responsibility of the profession itself and individual practitioners in the light of philosophical
and, in some contexts, religious principles among which are duty and obligation.
• The practice of specialized expertise and the special moral commitments associated with
professional practice differentiate a professional from other occupations.
• Social control over the use of such knowledge and skills is important because the members
of the expert group could use their exclusive expertise solely for their own benefit or even
hold society hostage to their expertise. But people in general have lack the relevant knowledge
and practical training hence the guidelines clearly depicting the moral angle is must.
• For example: The lawyer has divided loyalties owing a duty to the court while at the same
time owing a duty to the client. On occasions, these duties will be in conflict. In these cases,
the lawyer is obliged to fulfill his or her obligations to the court. This is not generally
understood by clients, or by some lawyers who carry the notion of the duty to the client too
far and engage in practices that are unethical and that go to defeat the interests of justice.
Examples include deliberately delaying proceedings, perhaps in order to force a settlement
from the opposing client who is concerned about increasing costs; or issuing writs without
their being any proper legal or factual foundation.
11. While acting for 'change' and 'progress', should we be disappointed because we can do too
little? Give reasons in favour of your stand.
Thinking line:
• The process of change in a large-scale system is a mix of art and science. It requires scientific
principles to bring change and progress as well as requires social and human emotions for
strong determination and will power.
E
• But a system is "any collection of things that have some influence on one another." If we take
the example of Environment - Individual things like plants, people, schools, communities,
and watersheds - are all systems of interrelated elements. All have well-defined niche and
OR
role in the maintenance of system whether small or big.
• Hence one should not be disappointed that he can do nothing big to change the system, even
small and genuine steps can bring change.
12. Opportunities are those gateways to success and fulfillment that open up often but people
generally fail to recognize it. What are the major barriers in recognizing the opportunities
SC
in career of a civil servant? And what one can do to improve their ability of noticing new
opportunities?
Thinking line
• Opportunity is an appropriate or favourable time or occasion that comes in the life of almost
everyone only if one takes it positively.
GS
• In the life of a person so many opportunities come but he ignores or give little importance
to them, sometimes unknowingly and sometimes knowingly. The result is that he suffers or
repents all his life.
• The major barriers in recognizing the opportunities in case of civil servant are:
a) Civil servant is so much busy in routine work thus focus more on current happenings
rather than creative thinking.
b) Opportunities require people to move out of their comfort zone and people are scared
of change either due to lack of confidence or some external factor.
• Steps needed for improving the ability of noticing opportunities are: the individual should
be alert and prepared to hear the call of the opportunity that may come at any moment.
• An individual should be characterized by low levels of self-centeredness and a low degree
of importance given to the self. Whenever there is the notion of "self", there is fear; the fear
of failure, the fear of being defeated, the fear of being rejected, the fear of making mistake,
the fear of poor health, the fear of losing face and the fear of not being recognized. It is
rather common for us to see someone hesitating to do thing proactively because his or her
mind is too occupied with "self" which is followed by "fear". On the other hand, when one
forgets about "self", one will have no fear and see the opportunities more clearly.
13. Is it necessary that 'what is ethical is also legal' and vice versa? Explain with examples.
Thinking line
• Law can be defined as a consistent set of rules that are widely published, generally accepted,
and usually enforced.
• These rules describe the ways in which people are required to act in their relationships with
others in a society. They are requirements to act in a given way, not just expectations or
suggestions to act in that way.
• Since the government establishes law, the government can use police powers to enforce
laws.
• Ethics is the voluntary framework of guiding principles, which brings order and purpose
into what would otherwise be a void between laws. Ethics are internal obligations on an
individual whereas laws are external obligation.
• It is ethical to not give capital punishment as it is against the Right to life but according to
E
law it is correct (mainly for heinous crime) for maintenance of law and order in society.
• Similarly, the law often incorporates ethical standards to which most citizens subscribe. But
OR
laws can deviate from what is ethical. For example the laws made during Britishers were
unethical in theme or the old apartheid laws of South Africa.
• Hence what is ethical is also legal and vice versa are not always correct.
SECTION - B
SC
In the following questions carefully study the cases presented and then answer the question that
follows:
14. Due to the contemporary developments in the information technology and convergence, the
accesses of adults and children to media including variety of entertainment have increased.
The children have impressionable minds and the quality of entertainment would have a
bearing on them even when they grow adults. One moderately rich family has two children
GS
who have given mobile phones to their children with internet connection so that they can
complement their studies with huge amount of information and aids available on the internet.
Father encourage children to 'grow with the technology of their times' and rather than
'forcing discipline' on them. However, there is also misuse of information technology. The
students are engaging in many undesirable activities outside the school, especially their
exposure to many computer games (Blue Whale Challenge, Dead Space 2, Mortal Kombat,
Medal of Honour, Call of Duty Black OPS, New Vegas etc.), which are known to be fatal
and addictive, impinging on their education and value systems.
(a) What steps parents can take to stop such new and pervasive kind of menace due to the
unrestricted use of the computers and mobile phones?
Thinking line:
• In the contemporary world, we suffer from information explosion and are consumed by the
influence of technology where the rational mind takes over the emotional mind.
• As in the above case overuse of mobile phones are having detrimental effect on children. As
children have low maturity level and have impressionable brains thus vulnerable to
distractions.
• Thus for disciplining children, parents have to take both carrot and stick approach as well
as educating and creating awareness about the side effects of mobile phones.
• “Carrots” are privileges that have to be earned or incentives that will motivate them to do
complete their task. These rewards are such as watching television, playing a computer
game, or going outside to play with their friends.
• “Sticks” on the other hand, are punishment or disciplinary actions for work not done or
when a child disobeys his or her parents. This punishment does not mean caning the child.
It is about emplacing the fear that will keep them away from the distractions.
• Apart from that parents should make sure that child has access to age appropriate online
sites which do not promote unethical behaviour or violence.
• They should also observe child’s behaviour closely to get to know about any unusual changes
like moodiness, less or no communication, lack of interest in studies and falling grades.
E
Thinking line:
• Teenage is a most vulnerable time in the life of a person; as the person is struggling with
OR
identity issues and still trying to figure out who they are. This makes them especially susceptible
to online crime and emotional abuse, such as the Blue Whale Challenge. Thus forced discipline
is needed.
• Discipline teaches a person to follow rules and may involve punishment for breaking
disciplinary rules and, more importantly, rewards for following the discipline.
SC
• In case of children forced discipline is important as children are not that much mature to
follow path of self discipline.
• But the parents should not be authoritative, parents should follow flexibility and collaborative
problem solving attitude with the children to teach them the importance of discipline in life
so that they can move for self-discipline with the time.
GS
Thinking line:
• Discipline is important but in long run carrot and stick policy may become ineffective.
• To sustain the awareness, parents should talk to their child more often. Explore the online world
together and engage in interesting activities demonstrating ethical and safe online behaviour.
• They should act as role model to child.
• If child become addict to computer games or online world, in such cases, it becomes important
to make the person feel that help is available without judgment.
• Encouraging expressing one’s feelings either in spoken words, a letter or a journal helps in
releasing emotions. This will help the person move a step away from harm.
• Also, spreading awareness about how to report abuse online, taking screen shots or saving
IP addresses as proof will let them know that help is available.
• As adults, parents should play a more active without trying to invade into their privacy or
threaten them with dire consequences.
(Note: These are just Thinking Line. Detail answer alongwith structure will be discussed in the
class).
15. There was a day-light murder of a very popular social activist who always raised the issue
of poor and downtrodden before District Administration. He was very popular among the
downtrodden. A strong and determined crowed of ten thousand people have assembled at
the collectorate with the dead body demanding immediate action against the accused police
officials who have failed to provide necessary security to the leader. People suspect that
there is a hand of one powerful leader from the ruling party. You are the head of the District
Administration?
Thinking line:
• The District Magistrate may send the police to control the crowd and assure the agitating
people that the culprit would not be spared and the law would take its own course. The
persons leading the agitating people should be invited to discuss the issue with the
administration and possible steps should be initiated to bring the culprit behind the bars so
E
as to prevent such brazen acts by anybody, howsoever powerful
• If agitating people turn violent, in such a case the DM should first resort to use of mild or
OR
relevant degree of force on them to bring normalcy and avoid causality or loss of property
of the innocent citizens.
• Neither the DM nor the police can take law in their hands, but the former may instruct the
police to register an FIR on the basis of prima facie evidences or even on the basis of
complaint of the people to soothe their anger against the said culprit. Police should also
SC
enquire about the event in a fast track mode, get hold of the culprit and present him/her
before the court in least possible time. Eventually the law and evidences would decide
whether the named culprit is actually guilty or not.
(b) Evaluate the merits and demerits of each option and choose the option which you consider
best, giving reasons?
GS
Thinking line:
• The choice of best option would depend on the level and degree of peoples’ outburst. As long
as people are venting out their anger and indulging in violence and arson, option (ii) is the
only option. But precautions should be taken to avoid causalities or loss of property of the
innocent citizens.
• Ideally option (i) is the best if leaders of the agitating people come forward to talk and chalk
out the future course of action to bring the culprit to law. This would depend on the image
of the administration and police among people and trust they enjoy from previous experiences.
• The most practical option is option (iii). The police should act in swift manner as the crime
is committed. Even if delay has occurred due to some unavoidable reasons, if administration
and police appear sincere by their initial suo-moto actions such as registering a quick FIR,
a raid on the premises of the people who have allegedly done the crime, arrests, etc., public
anger would be vented and trust could be generated. The rest would be taken care by the
legal system.
class).
16. Once you went to market with your mother for festive shopping. There you found that most
of the shopkeepers have employed children as attendants and were behaving very harshly
with them. You get very touched by seeing all this and started arguing with one of the
shopkeeper on this issue. Your mother told you to stop and asked you that if you argue like
this, he will remove the child and child may have no earning source for family.
(c) Among the available options, which may yield the desired result in consonance to your
moral quality.
Thinking line:
• Child labour has become a common problem in society. Many children are forced to work
because of poverty. Especially where adult unemployment is very high and there is no social
security, families are forced to push their children to work in order to survive.
E
• By seeing the pathetic condition of the child naturally one will take firm action against the
employee as per the Child Labour Prevention Act but this action has many limitations.
•
OR
Due to applicability of laws the employee will remove the child from job and he will end
up in vicious cycle of poverty again. The parents may force him to work in more hazardous
place for earning which may not be as visible as the shop.
• Secondly, if he takes legal action then police may take action against his parents, which may
deteriorate the situation further.
SC
• Thirdly providing better employment to parents and schooling to child may not be feasible
for the individual.
• Hence we need to provide training to the child workers during their free time so that they
can develop alternative livelihoods for them in more dignified manner and also attain schools.
The vocational training or employment opportunities can be initiated for their parents with
the support of NGOs so that the children need not to work for livelihood.
GS
class).
17. A private school has dismissed a teacher after claiming that she had failed to complete her
six-month probationary period to a satisfactory standard. But the actual reason was that
she had been suspended from the job after just three months on the grounds of her HIV
status. But school does not want to make it as a formal reason for dismissal. She is friend
of your wife. She is hesitating in making a formal complaint to competent authority. Your
wife informally discussed this with you as you are a District Collector. She expect something
from you but she fears that if matter goes to public it will hurt the sentiment of victim as
she herself don't want to do anything.
Thinking line:
• HIV related stigma and discrimination is common but the consequences of stigma and
discrimination are wide-ranging. Some people are shunned by family, peers and the wider
community, while others face poor treatment in healthcare and educational settings, erosion
of their an rights, and psychological damage. These all limit access to HIV testing, treatment
and other HIV services.
• In the above case a teacher has been suspended from the job as she has been diagnosed with
HIV.
• But due to fear of social stigma and discrimination at societal level, she is not willing to file
a case against the school system for restoring her fundamental rights.
• In this case District Collector has received the complaint from informal source thus legal
action cannot be initiated (at the first instance) until the case has been filed against the
school but he can take following steps:
a) He should talk to the teacher to convince her to fight for her fundamental rights and
place a case against them at police level as well as NHRC.
b) Secondly he in his capacity can talk to the school administration and can place a
warning for taking action against them as by suspending the teacher they have breached
the law.
c) He can initiate an awareness drive against the issue in schools and colleges and can
E
make administration aware about the laws so that the case cannot get repeated with
some other person.
OR
class).
18. There are various religious and cultural occasions in India when a large number of people
gather to form a big procession which marches from one area of the city for celebrations
and emersion of statues to other areas dominated by people of different religions and sects.
SC
In such cases the possibility of riots and conflicts are very high. Suppose you are the Police
Superintendent in one such area where after Puja (worship), a procession of a particular
community is learnt to have planned to pass through some streets before emersion of the
statue in the river eventually. Answer the following questions?
(a) As Superintendent of Police what will you do if you learn about marching of such a
procession to the areas dominated by other communities which have a record of mistrust?
GS
Thinking line:
• But Maintenance of public order and the rule of law is a key function of the police. Hence
following steps can be taken:
1. Maintaining communication with the leaders of both the communities to avoid the
clashes.
2. Deployment of large force so that any adverse situation can be handled properly.
(b) Will you completely ban movement of a religious procession in case of apprehension of a
conflict? Give reasons.
Thinking line:
• Total ban of religion proceedings are not feasible as it may incite the violence and hurt the
sentiments of the people.
• Police should work in partnership with the society and maintain law and order.
• If there is any concrete information of the mis-happening or about the miscreants then the
religious procession can be diverted or extra police protection may be provided.
(c) In case a conflict takes place during the marching of a procession and a riot like situation
arises, state the steps you would take to keep the situation under control.
Thinking line:
• The steps which can be taken are:
1. Arresting the miscreants as a preventive step.
2. Deployment of forces (women also) to provide protection to the vulnerable.
3. Use of mild force at the first instance and if required extra force can be deployed.
4. To avoid any mis-happening curfew may be placed.
class).
19. People of a slum area are disturbed because of loudspeaker noise coming from nearby
E
different religious abodes to go louder especially during festivals seasons. They don't have
OR
courage to go to community leaders or police stations. You are son of a rich and powerful
businessman who is preparing for Civil Services. One of your servant hails from that area
and explain his problem to your father. But your father doesn't want to get into that, as he
himself is the biggest donor of religious celebration of that area.
SC

Thinking line:
• The religious ceremonies usually use loudspeakers which impact the people of the region.
GS
But being a sensitive issue people fail to address it as it may hurt the sentiment of other
religious community. It may become the cause of communal tension, eventually leading to
communal riots.
• According to the moral consonance, one should take measure to resolve the issue as it is
effecting the slum people as well as leading to noise pollution.
• However being a civil servant aspirant the options are very limited such as:
a) Persuading father to take some initiative in the matter as his father has good terms with
the religious leaders and other members. His father can make them aware about the
problems faced by slum people on morality ground. Steps should be taken to establish
respectful coexistence of all religions in India
b) Due to the source of his father he can negotiate with the religious leaders to persuade
him personally.
c) He can build a small committee consisting of slum dwellers and can place the complaint
in front of District Administration.
class).
20. You are working in a big government organization as head. Under you, there is a team of
seven people. A senior administrative officer has recently joined it. He is very short tempered
and yells at his subordinates even on small issues. Due to his position no one utter a word
but feel very humiliated. You have noticed the lack of participation of subordinates in the
project due to his behaviour. Also you know that your subordinates and colleagues expect
something from you.
(b) Evaluate each of these options and choose the option, you would adopt, giving reasons.
Thinking line:
• The indifferent attitude of the senior towards subordinates lead to a weak, unproductive,
unhealthy workplace culture. Hence, the various options are as follows:
a) Finding some suitable time for a personal conversation with him, to get to the core of
the issue.
E
b) He can arrange for some steps like having get togethers, to build a friendly interaction
among the employees. Two way communications may help in breaking the ice. This will
imbibe the faith of the boss in the employees and vice versa.
OR
c) The timely completion of the projects and the efficiency of the employees will stop the
boss from threatening them of suspension or dismissal and may improve the work-
culture.
d) Most important is developing a sort of friendly relations among the people in the
organisation.
SC
class).
GS


IAS 2018 ETHICS TEST SERIES Download PDFs

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

IAS 2018 ETHICS TEST SERIES Download PDFs

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Download All PDF form here :- https://t.

ETHICS TEST SERIES 2018

ETHICS, INTEGRITY AND APTITUDE

6. Difference and similarity between values and virtues.

[ 2 ] Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude

of a conflict? Give reasons.

ETHICS TEST SERIES 2018

ETHICS, INTEGRITY AND APTITUDE

Q. Marks Instructions to Candidate

Answer the following questions:

(b) What is the importance of "forced discipline" in this case?

(a) What are the options available to you?

(a) What will you do according to your moral consonance?

(b) Discuss various options.

(c) Discuss merits and demerits of various options.

(a) What are the options available to you?

Ethics Test Series 2018

ETHICS, INTEGRITY AND APTITUDE

all sphere which ultimately destroys the whole nation.

• Community is a combination of two elements: a) A web of affect laden relationships among

measure of commitment to a set of shared values, norms, and meanings to a particular

• The consequences of crisis of faith and trust are:

b) Peace and order of the society get hampered.

c) Public trust on institutions gets delay.

e) Government fails to implement programmes and policies.

[2] Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude

Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude [3]

(a) What are the options available to you?

Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude [9]

Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude [11]

(b) Discuss various options.

Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude [13]

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen