GROUP TASK

BLADDER

Arranged by:
Group 4

1. Dhea Permatasari 2018.C.10a.0964

2. Dony Sentory 2018.C.10a.0865
3. Jenny Amsal 2018.C.10a.0971
4. Julius 2018.C.10a.0973
5. Ruly Ramadana 2018.C.10a.0983
6. Yoga Pratama 2018.C.10a.0992

EKA HARAP PALANGKA RAYA INSTITUTE OF HEALTH

SCIENCE NURSING GRADUATE PROGRAM

ACADEMIC YEAR 2019/2020

 FOREWORD

Praise be to God Almighty because of His blessings and guidance, this

paper can be completed. This paper is a knowledge paper for Nursing students and

readers for the field of Science. This paper itself was made to fulfill one of the lecture

assignments of a lecturer in English II with the title "BLADDER" In writing this

paper the authors try to present a language that is simple and easily understood by

readers.

The author realizes that this paper is far from perfect and there are still

many shortcomings. Therefore, the authors received positive and constructive

criticism and suggestions from fellow readers for the improvement of this paper. The

author also expressed his gratitude to colleagues who helped in the completion of this

paper. Finally, hopefully this paper can benefit us all. Amen

Palangkaraya, 16 March 2020

Composer

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD...............................................................................................................ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS...........................................................................................iii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................1
1.1 Background...................................................................................................1
1.2 Formulation of the Problem.........................................................................2
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................3
2.1 Bladder Training Definition..............................................................................3
2.2 The purpose of Bladder Training.....................................................................3
2.3 Bladder Training Indications............................................................................4
2.4 Bladder Training Contraindications................................................................5
2.5 The Role of Nurses in Bladder Training..........................................................6
CHAPTER 3 CLOSING.............................................................................................7
3.1 Conclusions.........................................................................................................7
REFERENCES............................................................................................................8

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Urinary incontinence is loss of urinary control. Incontinence can be

temporary or permanent. Incontinence is not necessarily associated with the elderly.

Incontinence can be experienced by any individual at any age, although this condition

is more commonly experienced by the elderly. It is estimated that 37% of women

aged 60 years or older experience levels of incontinence (Potter & Perry in

Mardhotillah, 2016).

The problem of incontinence is one that is widespread and detrimental in

the United States. Incontinence affects 15% to 39% of the elderly who live in the

community and is the second main cause, the elderly are left in a nursing home.

Incontinence is often accompanied by social isolation and depression (Potter & Perry,

2005). According to the AHCPR, more than 10 million adult residents in the United

States suffer from urinary incontinence. It was reported that more than half of elderly

nursing home residents suffer from urinary incontinence (Smeltzer & Bare in

Mardhotillah, 2016).

But now, there are various ways to restore the function of urination. One of

them can be done by training the bladder (bladder training). Bladder training is one of

the efforts to restore bladder function that has been disrupted to its normal state or to

optimal function (Potter & Perry in Mardhotillah, 2016). The purpose of bladder

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training is to restore the normal pattern of urination by inhibiting or stimulating

urinary output.

There are three types of bladder training methods, namely Delay urination

(delaying urination), scheduled bathroom trips, and kegel exercises. Kegel exercise is

an exercise to increase pelvic floor muscle strength consisting of repetitive

contraction of muscle groups (Potter & Perry in Mardhotillah, 2016).

1.2 Formulation of the Problem

1. What is the definition of bladder training?

2. What is the purpose of bladder training?

3. What are the indications of bladder training?

4. What are the contraindications to bladder training?

5. What is the role of nurses in bladder training?

6. What is the bladder training procedure?

7. How to do Kegel Exercise?

8. How to delay urination?

9. How do you schedule scheduled bathroom trips?

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 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Bladder Training Definition

Bladder training is one of the efforts to restore bladder function that has

been disrupted to a normal state or to optimal neurogenic function (Potter and Perry

in Mardhotillah, 2016). Bladder training is used to prevent or reduce frequent or

urgent urination and urinary incontinence (cannot hold urine out).

Bladder training is a therapy that is often used, especially in patients who

have just discharged from the urine catheter, but can also be done by everyone to

further train the strength of the external sphincter muscle in holding urine out.

Bladder training is a very simple therapy and has no side effects.

This exercise can also be combined with other treatment therapies. Research

shows an increase in 50% of patients with urinary incontinence who use bladder

training.

2.2 The purpose of Bladder Training

The purpose of bladder training is to train the bladder and restore the normal

pattern of urination by inhibiting or stimulating urinary output (Potter & Perry in

Mardhotillah, 2016). This therapy aims to extend the normal voiding interval with

various distraction or relaxation techniques so that the frequency of urination can be

reduced, only 6-7 times per day or 3-4 hours. Through practice, patients are expected

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to be able to withstand the urination sensation. This exercise is performed in post-

surgical pediatric patients who are fitted with a catheter (Suharyanto, 2008).

• Returns urinary bladder function that is disrupted to a normal state or to

optimal neurogenic function (Potter and Perry in Mardhotillah, 2016).

• Extend normal urination intervals with various distraction or relaxation

techniques.

• Can withstand the sensation of urination.

• To reduce symptoms from:

- Urine frequency: pass urine more than 6-7 times per day.

- Nocturia: frequent urination at night.

- Urge incontinence.

• Restores muscle tone from the bladder which is temporarily absent due to

catheter placement.

• Prepare clients before removing long-standing catheters

• Train clients to do BAK independently

• Prepare for the removal of the catheter that has been installed for a long time

• Restores muscle tone from the bladder which is temporarily absent due to

catheter placement

• Clients can control voiding

• Clients can control bowel movements

• Avoiding moisture and irritation in elderly skin

• Avoiding social isolation for clients

2.3 Bladder Training Indications

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 Indications on bladder training include:

• Patients who experience urinary retention.

• Patients who have catheters installed for a long time so that the function of the

bladder sphincter is disrupted.

• Patients suffering from urinary incontinence (stress urinary incontinence,

urinary incontinence, or a combination of both).

• Postoperative clients in the pelvic region (Nababan, 2011).

• Clients who have long enough catheters

• The client to be discharged from the catheter dower

• Clients who experience urinary incontinence

• Client post operation

• People who have problems with urination

• Clients with difficulty starting or stopping urine flow.

2.4 Bladder Training Contraindications

Bladder Training contraindications include:

• Cystitis (bladder infection most often caused by widespread infection of the

urethra).

• Pyelonephritis (inflammation of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma caused

by bacterial infection).

• Disturbances or abnormalities in the urethra.

• Hydronephrosis (kidney swelling that occurs as a result of accumulation of

urine in the upper urinary tract).

• Vesicourethral reflux.

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 • Urinary tract stones (Maulida, 2011).

• Kidney failure

2.5 The Role of Nurses in Bladder Training

The Role of the Nurse (including the assessment carried out during bladder

training) When removing the urine catheter, the nurse observes carefully examining

whether there are signs of infection or injury to the patient's urethral meatus. Nurses

need to do a review and monitoring of voiding patterns after completion of bladder

training and the removal of urine catheters. Surgical medical nurses must also be

responsive to complaints that may arise after the urine catheter is removed. Patients

are asked to immediately report to the nurse or doctor if there are complaints felt by

patients during urination (Bayhakki et al., 2008).

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 CHAPTER 3

CLOSING

3.1 Conclusions

Bladder training is an effort to restore the function of bladder which is

disrupted to its normal state or to optimal neurogenic function. Bladder training is

used to prevent or reduce frequent or urgent urination and urinary incontinence

(cannot hold urine out).

The purpose of bladder training is to train the bladder and restore the normal urinary

pattern by inhibiting or stimulating urinary output.

There are three types of bladder training methods, namely Delay urination (delaying

urination), scheduled bathroom trips, and kegel exercises. Kegel exercises are

exercises to increase the strength of the pelvic floor muscles consisting of repetitive

contractions of muscle groups.

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 REFERENCES

Mardhotillah, Hana. (2016). Bladder Training.

https://www.academia.edu/25768419/MAKALAH_BLADDER_TRAINING .
Diakses : 28 April 2017
Maulida, Ana. (2011).Bladder Training.
Online(http://www.docstoc.com/docs/79963287/BLADDER-TRAINING---
DOC#). Diakses tanggal 28 April 2017.

Nababan, TJ. (2011). Pengaruh Bladder Retention Training terhadap

Kemampuan Mandiri Berkemih pada Anak di Rumah Sakit Umum
Pusat Haji Adam Malik Medan. Skripsi. Online
(http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/24523/7/Cover.pdf). Diakses
tanggal 28 April 2017.

Universitas, Jember. (2015). SOP Bladder Training.

https://scrib.com/documents.Diakses : 28 April 2017

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