Single-Phase Full-Bridge Inverter

 Consists of 4 choppers .
 Q1-Q2 and Q3-Q4 switched on and off alternately.
 Need to isolate the gate signal for Q1 and Q3 (upper).
 Each pair provide opposite polarity of Vs across the
load.
 VOLTAGE CONTROL OF
SINGLE PHASE INVERTERS
Voltage Control Of Single Phase Inverters
 The control of output voltage and frequency of
the inverters is often necessary to:
 Change the output for a changing DC input.
 To regulate the output voltage for a changing load.
 To change the frequency of the output.
 The most efficient way is to control the output
using PWM to switch the transistors ON or
OFF.
Voltage Control Of Single Phase Inverters
Commonly used techniques:
 Single-Pulse-Width-Modulation
 Multiple-Pulse-Width-Modulation
 Sinusoidal-Pulse-Width-Modulation
 Modified-Sinusoidal-Pulse-Width-Modulation
 Phase-Displacement Control
Single-Pulse-Width-Modulation
 Carrier and Reference Signals

 Compare the Reference Signal with the Carrier

 Frequency of the Reference Signal determines the
frequency of the Output Voltage
 Modulation Index = M = Ar/Ac
RMS Value of the Output Voltage

1
 
  2

 2 
2
Vo    
2
V d ( t ) 
2
s
 
 2


Vo  Vs

0    180
0  Vo  Vs
Fourier Series for the Output Voltage


4Vs n
vo (t )   sin sin nt
n 1,3,5,... n 2
 Multiple-
Pulse-
Width-
Modulation
Voltage Control Of Single Phase Inverters
 Commonly used techniques:
 Single PWM
 Multiple PWM
 Sinusoidal PWM
Multiple Pulses per Half-Cycle of Output
Voltage
 Gate Signal Generation

 Compare the Reference Signal with the Carrier

 Frequency of the Reference Signal determines
the Output Voltage Frequency
 Frequency of the Carrier determines the
number of pulses per half-cycle
 Modulation Index controls the Output Voltage
 Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulation
 In multiple-pulse modulation, all pulses are the
same width
 Vary the pulse width according to the
amplitude of a sine wave evaluated at the
center of the same pulse
 Generate the gating signal
 Instead of maintaining the width of all pulses the
same as in the case of uniform pulse width
modulation, the width of each pulse is vary in
proportion to the amplitude of a sine wave evaluated
at the center of the same pulse.
Comparing the Carrier and Reference Signals
Single Generation with a single Sine Wave
ANY QUESTIONS?

Anyone willing to present?

 Time allowed : 5 mins
 Topic : Any
 Bonus Points : +3
 References
 Chapter 6: “PWM Inverters” from ‘Power
Electronics, Circuits, Devices and
Applications’ by M.H Rashid
 http://www.tntech.edu/files/cesr/StudThes
is/asuri/Chapter2.pdf
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverte
r