TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
PULCHOWK CAMPUS

A CASE STUDY REPORT

ON
SARASWOTI TEXTILES

Submitted by:
Ayush Shakya (075BEI010)
Achyut Kayastha (075BEI005)
Brabeem Sapkota (075BEI011)
Prabhat Kiran Chaulagain (075BEI020)

Submitted to:
Department of Electronics and Computer
Engineering
March 4, 2020
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are indebted to our respected Deputy HOD and subject teacher Er. Anand Kumar
Shah for being ever supportive and managing every necessary requirements to us.
The success and the final outcome of this report required a lot of guidance and
assistance from many people and we are extremely privileged to have got this all along
the completion of our report.
Lastly we are equally thankful to Mr. Gautam Shakya for cooperating with us and giving
permission to visit respective industries in Patan Industrial State and also would like
express our gratitude towards the employees who provided information about their
factories and equipment. 
 ABSTRACT

The Instrumentation course is essentially related to design issues an electronics and

computer engineer faces in his/her career. The design we perform on labs and classes
is not sufficient to fulfill the knowledge and experience required to work on large scale
projects. Thus, we have been instructed to perform a case study on any production
industry related to our field and analyze the actual design principles being practiced in
the respective fields.

This report portrays a detailed overview of the working mechanism of textile

manufacture in SARASWOTI TEXTILES PVT. LTD located in the Patan Industrial
Estate, Lalitpur. We have analyzed the entire manufacturing process and proposed
some modifications to improve its production capacity efficiently.

We do not remark that our proposed design is flawless or the best. As every rose has its
thorn, our proposed design may also have some flaw along with the added efficiency.
But, we believe that our proposed design can improve the efficiency of the existing
design. It definitely will modernize and improve the working and production of the
industry.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT        

TABLE OF CONTENTS        

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1  Industry Profile       
1.2 Objectives of Case Study        
1.3 Products of Saraswoti Textiles

CHAPTER 2: PROCEDURAL DESCRIPTION        

2.1 Manufacturing Machines and Equipment    
2.2 Raw Materials        
2.3 Manufacturing Process
a) Spinning       
b) Weaving       
c)  Dyeing and Printing        
d) Textile Finishing
2.4   Some Basic Knowledge on Textile 

RECOMMENDATION FOR THE SYSTEM (UPGRADING):        

4.1 Yarn Break Sensor
4.2 Automation in Sizing Process

CONCLUSION   

GALLERY  

REFERENCES   
 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

SARASWOTI TEXTILES is a privately owned company, registered with the Department of

Industry of Nepal. It was originally established in 2020 BS by late Min Bahadur Shakya. It
operates through a medium scale factory in the Patan Industrial Estate, Lalitpur. This company
was founded during the administration of late King Mahendra and is considered one of the
oldest textile industries of the nation.

Saraswoti Textiles initially started as a cottage scale industry employing around 15 people.
Previously, most of the production was done by hand. However, with the advancement in
technologies, the manufacture of goods has shifted towards machines and the scale of
production has also increased. Currently, there are 24 machines in use, most of which have to
be imported from China. Saraswoti Textiles has an average annual revenue of about 20-60
lakhs. It usually imports raw materials from India (about 3 tonnes monthly) and exports
furnished products to all of Nepal.

1.1 INDUSTRY PROFILE

Name: Saraswoti Textiles

Location: Lagankhel, Lalitpur, Nepal

Year of Establishment: 2022 BS

Nature of Ownership: Private

Total No. of Employees: 7(minimum) + 2 mechanics

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF CASE STUDY

The main objective of this case study is to gain familiarization about the use of
instrumentation in the real field. So, we were guided to understand the operation of the
existing plant and propose a design to solve the existing flaws. So in our case, we
propose a design to solve the problems related to the operation of the production of
textile.
Hence, the main objective of our visit can be summarized below:

 To visit the desired organization and learn its operation under the supervision of
technicians and senior engineers.
 To study and analyze the existing management system and technology of the
organization.
 To be familiar with various engineering and technology aspects demanded by
that particular industry.
 To learn about the electronics design using a microcontroller (or microprocessor)
in the industrial field.
 To observe the existing system properly and detect any flaws in the system if
any.
 To propose an efficient system eliminating the faults of the existing one.

1.3 PRODUCTS OF SARASWOTI TEXTILES

 Textile Threads
 Cotton Garments
 CHAPTER 2: PROCEDURAL DESCRIPTION

2.1 MANUFACTURING MACHINES & EQUIPMENTS

Following machineries are required:

1. Cloth finishing machines
2. Knitting machines
3. Fabric seaming machines
4. Crochet machines
5. Lace making machines
6. Weaving machines
7. Tufting machines
8. Textile spinning machines
9. Textile winding machines
10. Power looms

2.2 RAW MATERIALS

The primary raw material used in garment production is cotton. All the raw materials are directly
imported from India. In previous years, the industry has produced goods using terricotton,
Pashmina, etc.

2.3 MANUFACTURING PROCESS

In the manufacturing process, various steps are taken as follows:

1. Spinning:
 Spinning is the part of the textile manufacturing process where the types of fibre
are converted into yarn. In this process, strands of fibres are twisted together to
form yarn. This is all done using ring spinning machines.
 At first, the supplied compressed bale is turned into a uniform lap of particular
length by cleaning, removing dust, blending and mixing in the blow room. Then
the lap is carded, combed and stripped by passing it through a carding machine.
In this process, the excess threads are cut off and the fibres are made straight
and parallel to make the yarn even and lustrous.

2. Weaving:
 The yarn obtained from spinning section is doubled in ring frame, i.e. two or more
single threads are combined into one. The yarn is then transferred from one type
of package to another to facilitate subsequent processing (winding). The yarn is
 then parallel winded from cone or cheese package to a warp beam. Then, size
material is applied on the yarn to bind the fiber together and stiffen the yarn to
provide abrasion resistance during weaving. This helps to increase the elasticity,
smoothness and breaking strength of yarn.
 Fabric is then produced by interlacing warp and weft threads in the process of
weaving. This is done using power looms.

3. Dyeing and Printing:

 The fabric may be dyed according to the need. The result of weaving is a
colorless plain cloth. This cloth is then dyed by washing through different colored
paints, bleaching, mercerizing and souring.
 Various designs are also be printed in the fabric according to demand of the
consumer. In this process. These prints are made with the help of computer
operated machinery. The required patterns are programmed to the machine and
then the printing is done.
 After the completion of dyeing and printing, after treatment process of the fabric
is done. This is done by either subjecting the dye to hot air or radiator steam.

4. Textile Finishing:
 The dyed fabric is then dewatered, slitted, stentered and compacted. Quality
checks are performed and then the fabric garments are packaged.
 In quality testing, the measurements and the patterns are compared. The
color and shade variations are observed and thread count and stitching and
seams is checked.
 Calendering is also done for finishing the textile. In this process, cloth is
passed between rollers to produce a variety of surface textures or effects in
fabrics such as compact, smooth, supple, flat and glazed.

2.4 SOME BASIC KNOWLEDGE ON TEXTILE

A textile is a flexible material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibers (yarn or

thread). Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, hemp, or other materials
to produce long strands. Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting , tatting,
felting, or braiding.

Textiles have an assortment of uses, the most common of which are for clothing and for
containers such as bags and baskets. In the household they are used in carpeting, upholstered
furnishings, window shades, towels, coverings for tables, beds, and other flat surfaces, and in
art. In the workplace they are used in industrial and scientific processes such as filtering.
Miscellaneous uses include flags, backpacks, tents, nets, handkerchiefs, cleaning rags,
transportation devices such as balloons, kites, sails, and parachutes; textiles are also used to
provide strengthening in composite materials such as fiber glass and industrial geotextiles.
Textiles are used in many traditional crafts such as sewing, quilting and embroidery.
Textile Industry is one of the oldest industries in Nepal. It creates handicraft goods which
constitute the major export products of our nation.
 RECOMMENDATI
ON FOR THE SYSTEM

1. Yarn Break Sensors:

One of the major complaints of the manager of the industry was that
during manufacturing process, the yarn would break which would require the
workers to stops the machine. So, we proposed to develop a system in which
motion sensors are used to stop the working of the equipment whenever yarn
breaks.
 Fig: Schematic diagram for managing yarn break in weaving machines

2. Automation in Sizing Process:

Sizing machines provide a tool for management to insure that all

warps are sized identically under standard operating conditions. These
monitoring and control capabilities can be included in a computer network of a
weaving mill. This includes automated process control on the slasher of:

 Control the tension of yarn by sensors or pendulum roller

 Control the temperature and level of size paste in size box and
cooker
 Control the percentage of moisture content by sensor
Fig: Automation in sizing process
 CONCLUSION

Therefore, this case study was all about learning the basic control system of machines
used in that industry, the raw materials imported, the products manufactured and exported. The
machines specifically used for the purpose of making the products need no any extremely
qualified professionals instead simply trained and experienced person can easily operate the
machine.
 GALLERY

Fig: Power loom (Weaving machine)

Fig: Calendering machine

Fig: Rolling machine

Fig: Dyeing machine

Fig: Hand Looms

 REFERENCES

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textile

https://textilelearner.blogspot.com