SMARTBATTERY

(Patent pending)

SMARTBATTERY
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

Presenting: The SMARTBATTERY

• What is the SMARTBATTERY?

• How the SMARTBATTERY works
• Retrofitting to a complete BMS
• The SMARTBATTERY in practice
• The SMARTBATTERY licensing model
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

Presenting: The SMARTBATTERY

7Ah and 12V – the backbone of a modern IGBT UPS system

The core task of every UPS is to take over the emergency power supply in
the event of a malfunction and thereby reliably supply emergency power.
But it gets interesting when the different technical solutions are compared
in terms of efficiency. - There it can be seen that IGBT systems have a
significant advantage over transformer-based concepts in terms of
efficiency.

For a target voltage of 720 volts, a modern IGBT system uses 60 smaller 12-
volt batteries for the same performance as a transformer-based system
using 20 presumably larger batteries and a transformer. The high efficiency of the IGBT system comes
from the fact that the DC voltage from the numerous batteries is just as high as the target AC voltage,
which the loss-heavy transformer cannot balance.

The efficiency thereby warrants the use of a modern system with smaller batteries.

What about resilience to failure?

Some conventional 7Ah batteries have rightly gotten

somewhat of a bad name:

They have little liquid between their lead plates, meaning

that they can be destroyed very quickly from overcharging -
without the UPS "noticing". The unnoticed overcharging of a
battery subsequently causes an undercharging of the other
batteries, which endangers the reliability and operational
safety of the entire UPS system.

There are also many benefits, though:

- Complete production/disposal chains

- No rare elements whose dismantling alone involves
a high environmental impact
- No elements whose disposal causes problems
- Use of proven and widely research technology
- No elements such as lithium that are a fire hazard
and require complex control technology

Nevertheless, many users dismiss lead-acid batteries by Fig.: AGM batteries in a UPS – Technology
arguing that they have "low resilience to failure" and are are offers numerous benefits that are becoming
interesting again due to the implementation
a "cheap mass-produced product" and in this way present
of green IT in many companies.
arguments on the basis of a presumed loss of confidence in
the operational reliability. Battery manufacturers on their part
push this view because they are directly interested in establishing their especially high-priced new
developments on a highly competitive market. In the end, all concepts have their reason for existing.
When making a choice, users should therefore always keep an eye on purchase costs, follow-up costs
and operating costs as well as the actual benefits before deciding.
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

The SMARTBATTERY – Proven technology with more stability and expandability

We would like to win back users' trust in the proven AGM battery. GENEREX had similar negative
experience with 7Ah batteries for many years – until BACS was installed. Since BACS has been installed
on the 7Ah batteries at GENEREX, the batteries have reached their design life without a problem. It is
thereby proven that AGM battery technology is not poor by any means but rather just that it must
merely be handled correctly in order to ensure a stable, reliable power supply. This led to the idea of
monitoring the AGM technology, which itself is reliable, to check for mishandling and optionally to
improve it using BACS. The result is the SMARTBATTERY:

Monitoring for mishandling and optionally optimizing the battery using iBACS. The SMARTBATTERY
7Ah is a feasibility study and is intended to spur on every battery importer to differentiate itself on the
market through such technology because products with SMARTBATTERIES are significantly more
valuable to users than the identical products without smart batteries. Any standard battery can be
equipped with SMARTBATTERY technology and significantly improved through the smart electronics.
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

Presenting: SMARTBATTERY technology

SMARTBATTERY technology - Use your smartphone to determine the
status of your battery "from the cradle to the grave".

The basic problem of every battery user is that the product life of a UPS
specified by the manufacturer is never reached. What remains is a
strategically certain time window, the service life, after which the batteries
should be replaced across the board. This is unsatisfactory to users and makes
them doubt the stability and performance capability of the battery and of the
battery manufacturer. The SMARTBATTERY was specially developed to
eliminate the blind spot within a battery-based UPS system:

The SMARTLOGGER

The SMARTLOGGER is built into the battery. In addition to basic

information such as the manufacturing date, purchase date, and serial
number, the SMARTLOGGER also logs the voltage and temperature
every hour. The lifelong logging of the most important operating
parameters starting from the manufacture of the battery until the end
of its service life creates a "black box" for the evaluation and analysis of
all important data. The inner life cycle of a battery is thereby no longer
a secret but rather becomes a quantity that can be measured and
planned for within battery-based systems. The logged data enable users
to differentiate between acute need for action and a service window that can be planned for.

Reading out the battery data

One of the major features of the SMARTLOGGER is the fact that it can
provide the battery data to customers and service personnel simply
via smartphone. To do this, the standard version of the
SMARTLOGGER with NFC uses technology that is robust and resilient
to failure and functions without any burden on the battery. The
energy required to send the data comes from the magnetic field of
the mobile device and not from the SMARTBATTERY, meaning that
the natural discharge of lead-acid batteries remains unchanged. The
use of short distances also enables radio interference to be nearly
eliminated. The plastic cover provides 100% insulation for the battery and the interfaces. In addition
to battery data, user data such as the location of the measurement can also be communicated via the
GPS sensor, enabling the location of every battery to be determined via the UNMS CLOUD (see
Software Solutions in this newsletter) in a matter of seconds. If the user cannot get the reader close
enough to the integrated NFC antenna for structural reasons, it is possible to extend an optional
external antenna out of the housing using a flat ribbon cable and fix it at a location that is easily
accessible to the user.
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

Note:

The SMARTLOGGER is not limited to a specific type of battery and can be used with all conventional
lithium, NiCd, or lead-acid batteries without any problem.

The SMARTLOGGER app

Any Smartphone with NFC data transfer is capable of contact-free readout from the
SMARTBATTERY. For the interpretation of the data, GENEREX provides an app with
intuitive controls that is available for free via the Google Play store.

Quick analysis on site

You can read out the current status of a battery at any time using the GENEREX
iBACS/SMARTBATTERY APP. The app connects to the SMARTLOGGER via NFC, collects all of the data,
interprets the data in real time, and offers a clearly organized presentation of all relevant results:

"GOOD":
The GREEN display indicated that the battery is OK. There upper and
lower threshold values set by the manufacturer were not exceeded.

"WARNING":
If the upper or lower threshold values are exceeded, the app displays
a corresponding warning as a notice that the battery was operated
outside of the threshold values set by the SMARTBATTERY
manufacturer. The user can then decide whether the cause will be
investigated and corrected and whether battery can remain in the
string or is to be replaced.

"BAD":
If the upper or lower threshold values are exceeded, the battery will
display "BAD", indicating a damaged battery. A SMARTBATTERY with a
RED "BAD" display should no longer be used together with other
batteries in critical applications and its manufacturer's warranty
thereby lapses.

Technicians can thereby decide within seconds on site whether there

is acute need for action or a sensible service window can be planned
according to the data situation.

Note

Should technicians on site encounter an unusual data situation that must be analyzed more closely,
the data can be transfered, e.g. via the app, to a computer on which a professional analysis tool is
available, e.g. with the BACS Viewer, that can be used to evaluate the data
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

Capacity tests and long-term data included

The SMARTBATTERY APP can heavily increase the logging interval of a capacity test and thereby
present an individual battery evaluation of each battery in the string. With a fast logging frequency,
the SMARTBATTERY data are logged every 3-5 seconds.

Retrofitting the SMARTBATTERY

to a complete battery management system
Why should you as a user want to define a certain battery management/monitoring system?

The SMARTBATTERY was developed with an open

interface and can thereby theoretically be
integrated into any existing tethered monitoring
system. Upon request we will provide you with an
interface description that you can use to read out
and interpret the logged data.

Each SMARTBATTERY also offers a pre-integrated

interface to the latest generation of our iBACS
battery management system.

iBACS battery management system for the SMARTBATTERY:

iBACS is the "slot version" of BACS and now, in addition to the

measurements for voltage and temperature, it also provides
internal resistance measurement and the balancing function.
The balancing/equalizing ensures that the battery is always kept
in the ideal voltage range, which is required for 100% availability
when needed and achievement of the maximum battery life.

The installation of iBACS is extremely easy. To do it, insert the module into the provided slot and
connect the BACS Webmanager. BACS will actively monitor your system and protect it from damage
starting from the very first second.

Active/passive balancing through iBACS:

The usual BMS systems on the market purely serve to monitor batteries. iBACS in a lead-based
SMARTBATTERY offers additional "passive" equalizing/balancing. By complying with the ideal charge
voltage, there is never undercharging or overcharging, i.e. the capacity of the battery string with these
SMARTBATTERIES is up to 20% higher than with a battery without equalizing/balancing. This thereby
reduces the "capacity gap" between lithium and lead. If iBACS is integrated into a lithium-based
SMARTBATTERY, "active" equalizing/balancing enables up to 1 ampere to be "actively shifted" to a
neighboring cell/battery in order to balance the voltage. iBACS is thereby idea for use in lithium
batteries because the "active" balancing massively improves the efficiency of balancing voltage
differences and thereby reduces the risk of fire. Further special features (emergency shutdown) are
possible with the use of lithium batteries, so contact us if you want to use SMARTBATTERY for lithium
batteries.
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

Supplementing the SMARTBATTERY with our optional retrofittable iBACS BMS achieves 100%
availability of the entire system as well as a design life warranty as long as the batteries can be proven
to have remained within the threshold values specified by the manufacturer.

The SMARTBATTERY already has an insertion device, a BACS measuring cable and holders for the
required fuses, so retrofitting is extremely easy and inexpensive - insert, connect cables, address, and
finished!

Batteries installed in an inaccessible location can now be quickly and regularly checked and serviced
without having to shut down the entire system or bring in a technician because it involves high-voltage
components. Alarms are read out directly by the user on site and enable an assessment of the need
for action. These options now enable the "heart" of the UPS to be continuously monitored and enable
it to react when individual batteries do not maintain the target voltage of the charger. iBACS can

Fig.: The BACS WEBMANAGER regulates the voltage of the batteries 1 and 3

charge/discharge the batteries directly from the UPS controller and thereby ensure their 100%
availability and capacity. In the event of damage, the UPS itself first identifies which battery is affected
and can provide clear instructions to the user. Just like in the car, the UPS can now also display the
time until the next service and thereby massively reduce service causes – an inestimable benefit over
any conventional UPS where the service costs at fixed intervals contribute significantly to the overall
costs. With the SMARTBATTERY, a UPS can be developed that is significantly more service-friendly and
massively reduces service costs.
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

The SMARTBATTERY forms the basis for a new and higher-performance generation of UPS systems!

The SMARTBATTERY in practice

SMARTLOGGER and BACS
The cost-effective alternative – "offline battery monitoring"

The SMARTBATTERY is also an interesting alternative for applications involving only a few battery but
lacking measurement options for the user that could be used to identify a battery failure. Instead of
an expensive online BMS with a network connection, the SMARTBATTERY offers a cost-effective
alternative, "offline monitoring".

This type of "offline monitoring" is interesting if the remaining life

and general status of batteries of more specific devices such as radio
transmitters (GPS, GSM, etc.), seismographs, alarm systems,
battery-based outdoor applications, mobile technology, etc. have to
be checked for mobile uses.

The SMARTBATTERY immediately shows whether there has already

been damage. Every bit of damage decreases the capacity and it
must then be examined more closely whether the operational
reliability is still maintained. The user is no longer "blind" and can
foresee and plan a replacement. Naturally the "online" monitoring
and control per network (e.g. using iBACS) is better than "offline"
monitoring, though this inexpensive type of monitoring is significantly better than going without any
monitoring at all because at least the data can be transfered and evaluated after the fact.

Another area of application for the SMARTBATTERY is with car starter batteries:

Car applications often require a CAN bus, for which car

manufacturers often do not permit the integration of third-
party devices. The SMARTBATTERY does not require any CAN
bus integration but rather supplies the data directly to the
driver's mobile phone. The driver can then read out the status
of the vehicle's battery and avoid a failure due to things such
as too many cycles (due to the START/STOP system),
discharging, or the cold.

Mounting an external antenna that is placed close to the

driver makes it easy and comfortable to read out the
SMARTBATTERY data from the vehicle interior at any time.

Verifiable warranty claims

UPS manufacturers with their "own" battery production (import) will also find it highly interesting to
install the SMARTLOGGER into their product or into an existing battery bank in order to check any
warranty claims in an easy way. An individual SMARTBATTERY in connection with normal batteries can
serve as a reference for determining the operating status of all normal batteries.
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

This SMARTBATTERY connected as a "spy" suffers the same exact "mishandling" as the other normal
batteries. Through the logging, the SMARTBATTERY can prove what situation all of the batteries in the
string had at the same time and thereby draw a conclusion about the user's situation that led to the
failure of the "normal batteries". The SMARTBATTERY data determine whether the case is covered by
the warranty.

Finally true measurement results instead of theoretical numbers games

Up to now, a warranty expansion in the lead-acid battery

industry was based on a purely economical calculation.
Manufacturers lure customers with longer and longer
warranty periods, but because there is no technical basis
for the current status of the individual battery, the user
must rely on the manufacturer's statements, which is
hardly any consolation in the event of a catastrophic failure
of the manufacturer's batteries. Due to their price and low
space requirements, small battery sizes in particular are
often used for modern uninterruptible power supply
systems in order to generate very high voltages through a
series connection, whereby efficiencies of up to 97% are
achieved. Conventional batteries are often judged
"unstable" and for safety reasons are replaced much
earlier than the design life specified by the manufacturer.
The illustration shows the SMARTBATTERY APP
Due to incorrect charging voltages, these batteries are displaying a battery as "red" but where the
destroyed at around half of their actual battery life and voltage is currently just somewhat low. The
cause the user to doubt their stability. cause of this warning that the warranty is voided
Optimizing the SMARTBATTERY through the use of iBACS can be seen in the log file, where the the red
(4th-generation BACS BMS with active balancing) will points on the chart show you that this battery
prevent this damage and even a 7Ah battery will be able to was repeatedly operated within a temperature
range of over 40 °C over a longer period of time.
reach the battery life for which it was designed.

We therefore grant a 2-year warranty for our 7Ah version

of the SMARTBATTERY (if the SMARTLOGGER has not logged any mishandling). If iBACS is used then
we extend the warranty to 5 years for an average temperature of 25 °C and to 7 years for an average
temperature of 20 °C. Our SMARTBATTERY licensees can thereby be the only manufacturers who can
grant a "lifetime" guarantee for the design life of their batteries and even make it technically verifiable.

Using the SMARTBATTERY enables the user to independently check the quality of the battery instead
of relying on the theoretical warranty specifications of the manufacturer.
 SMARTBATTERY
(Patent pending)

The SMARTBATTERY as a licensing model

License your SMARTBATTERY

The SMARTBATTERY 7Ah is a development model we

would like to use to show our customers how easy it is to
become a "battery manufacturer" for minimal costs
simply by taking a standard product and making it
"smart".

GENEREX does not have any intention of functioning as

a battery manufacturer itself, so we are offering this
technology to all of our interested OEM customers to
give them the option to produce their own battery or
have one produced that offers them an absolute unique
selling proposition.
The SMARTBATTERY realized by GENEREX is the smallest
Customers who acquire a license to build their own version - a 7Ah version. Due to its small size, this version is
SMARTBATTERIES can better select - and monitor - the especially complex. It is significantly easier to create the
manufacturer of their own smart batteries. space required for the installation of the SMARTLOGGER in
the cover of higher-capacity batteries.
In principle, any manufacturer of lead-acid batteries can
have their standard battery turned into a SMARTBATTERY by equipping it with our electronics.

The component required for this is our SMARTLOGGER, which can be used for all sizes of lead-acid
batteries. In the case of an existing battery, only the battery case cover needs to be redesigned in order
to create space for the technology.

This technology not only offers a significant unique selling proposition but also has very interesting
pricing if the inexpensive RFID (NFC) version is selected. The least expensive version of the
SMARTLOGGER costs merely 4 euros to produce and enables any customers to "create" their own
smart battery and place it on the market at a competitive price.

At an import volume of 5,000 batteries per year already, this investment is worth it!

It is a one-of-a-kind opportunity to set yourself apart from the competition with a smart battery and
manufacturing of a UPS of the latest generation – based on SMARTBATTERY technology.

If the SMARTLOGGER is also supplemented with our iBACS or another battery management system, it
is now possible for any UPS manufacturer to design a battery system for emergency power supply
systems that is up-to-date and incomparable in terms of reliability and cost-effectiveness.