Megger TTR® Calibration
and Functionality Tests
Introduction. This Application Note
discusses the Calibration and Functionality
Tests of the Megger TTRs: C/Ns 550503 and
TTR100, their calibration approach and how
calibration procedures are implemented. (The
calibration and functionality tests of the
Megger Hand-cranked TTRs, C/Ns 550005
and 550005B, are covered separately.)
Megger TTR test sets provide high accuracy
transformer turns ratio readings for the
widest range of transformer turns ratios in the
industry. Such wide range of turns ratio
measured requires calibration of hardware
portion of the test sets to eliminate residual
inaccuracy essentially caused by the
component parameter deviations.
Calibration. A software calibration approach
is used in these three test sets. According to
this method of calibration, the full range of
turns ratio is divided by the number of
calibration boxes. Each calibration box
contains its own calibration data. These
calibration data are saved in their internal
memories. The calibration data boxes are
independent: even if one box is out of
calibration the rest of the calibration data are
good.
A calibration is performed on each new or
repaired unit before sending it to a customer.
There are special final calibration procedures
which require NIST-traceable test equipment
to be used. As a result of such calibration
procedure, each TTR may be NIST certified.
It is recommended to check their calibration
at least once every year. This will ensure that
these test sets are functioning and calibrated
properly over the entire measurement range.
To check the calibration at customer site or in
the field, the Megger Calibration Standard
Cat.No550055 or equivalent standard should
Valley Forge Corporate Center, 2621 Van Buren Avenue, Norristown, PA 19403
Tel:1-610-676-8500 Fax: 1-610-676-8610 Email: ttr@megger.com
be used. To perform a quick simplified
calibration check, the Megger Calibration
Standard Cat No. 550555 may be used. The last
standard has eleven selectable turns ratio
settings which cover the turns ratio range from
1:1 to 2000:1. Using these Calibration
Standards will confirm these instruments’
proper calibration.
Test Set Functional Test. From time to time
the customers want to check functionality of
their test sets in the field. Traditionally, for the
transformer turns ratio testers, a customer
connected H and X test leads and ran the test.
The displayed test results were interpreted as a
calibration check.
These test sets were designed and optimized
for the transformer turns ratio testing. There are
high impedance input and output transformer
voltage monitoring circuits. The high
impedance of the monitoring circuits is
optimized for the accurate transformer turns
ratio testing.
When performing a functional test, the H and
X test leads interconnect the input and output
monitoring circuits (without a transformer
being connected). Such connection causes an
impedance mismatch and, as a result of the
mismatch, the displayed turns ratio reading is
not exactly 1:1 as it may be expected. The
tested turns ratio may even exceed 0.1 %
specified accuracy. A customer should be
aware that a functional test is not a real
transformer turns ratio test. Due to the input
and output circuit impedance mismatching, a
functional test reading may be from 0.9980 to
1.0020. Functional test readings are in no way
representative of the calibration. It merely
shows that the test sets function properly. To
check their calibration, a customer should use
the Calibration Standards mentioned above.
 Megger TTR® Calibration
and Functionality Tests
Conclusion. Calibration checks and
Functional tests are two different tests.
Customers should be aware that the
Functional test readings may be out of
specified tolerances for the transformer turns
ratio readings. It may be explained by the
impedance mismatching of the monitoring
circuits. The Functional test readings do not
represent the real transformer test readings or
calibration of the Megger TTR test sets. A
calibration check may be performed at
customer site or in the field by using proper
calibration standards only.

Figure 2. C/N 550555

Figure 1. C/N 550055

Valley Forge Corporate Center, 2621 Van Buren Avenue, Norristown, PA 19403
Tel:1-610-676-8500 Fax: 1-610-676-8610 Email: ttr@megger.com