10-09-2018

NON – RENEWABLE
RESOURCES

NON –RENEWABLE SOURCES:

 non-renewable resources are the resources for

which there is a limited supply
 These are found inside the earth and they took
millions of years to form
 For example: fossil fuels, oil, natural gas, coal,
nuclear energy
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OIL:
 The original organic material, with the aid of heat and pressure, becomes a
fuel such as oil or gas.
 “All fossil fuels are non-renewable, but not all non-renewable resources are
fossil fuel”.
 coal, crude oil are considered as fossil fuels because they were formed from
buried remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago
 Petroleum in it’s natural form when first collected is usually name “crude
oil”.

 LPG: Liquified Petroleum Gas also referred to as simply

propane or butane, are flammable mixtures of hydro
carbon gases used as fuel in heating appliances, cooking
equipment and vehicles.
Ethyl mercaptan is added to LPG to detect the leakage.
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COAL: It is composed primarily of

carbon, along with variable quantities of
other elements mainly hydrogen,
sulphur, oxygen and nitrogen.

the most significant use of coal is in

electricity generation.

NATURAL GAS:
 Natural gas is found above the oil in oil well
 It is also called marsh gas
 It consists of methane and other saturated hydro carbons
 The average composition of methane gas is as follows:
methane=88.5%;
ethane=5.5%;
propane:4%;
butane:1.5%
pentane:0.5%
its calorific value varies from 12,000-14,000 kcal/m
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS:
 Natural gas can be compressed and stored in cylinders for easy transportation
 It is also used as an alternative to petrol and diesel for transport of vehicles
 Delhi has totally switched over to CNG where buses and auto rickshaws run on this
new fuel.
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NUCLEAR ENERGY:
 Nuclear energy is released in a nuclear
reaction.
 Types of nuclear reactions:
1. Nuclear fission
2. Nuclear fusion
 Nuclear fission:
the process in which a heavier atom is
broken into lighter atoms with the liberation of
huge amount of energy is known as ‘nuclear
fission’.
 Nuclear fusion:
the process in which many lighter nuclei
fuse together to give a heavier nucleus with the
liberation of huge amount of energy is known as
‘nuclear fusion’.
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Advantages of non-renewable resources:

 The main advantage of non renewable resource is that they are abundant and affordable

 High in energy: non renewable sources of energy such as coal and oil tend to provide us with more energy
per unit than do renewable energy resources such as solar energy or wind energy.

 Able to move across the world : because they tend to come in solid, physical form such as lumps of
coal or barrels of oil, non-renewable energy sources can be taken from place to place

 Profitable
 Easy to use: whether in a family or in a large factory.

 Cost effective : are actually pretty cheap per unit. for example: natural gas.

 Creating jobs: extracting, transporting and refining non-renewable resources of energy-as well as creating
the machinery for using them creates plenty of jobs and thus can be one way of sustaining country’s economy.

Disadvantages of non-renewable sources of energy:

 Time consuming to extract: mining coal, searching for oil, building drills and pipes to
extract and transport natural gas, are all very time consuming process.

 Contribution to climate change:

 Burning coal, oil and natural gas releases large amount of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
which leads to global warming.
 Ozone layer depletion.
 Contributes to acid rain.

 Causes some respiratory problems

 Not viable for future generations