TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES VISAYAS

Capt. Sabi St., Talisay City, Negros Occidental

College of Electronics Engineering

ECE 132-COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING FOR ECE

Third Term, SY 2019-2020

Name: SENILLO, MARY ROSE L. Year and Section: BSECE-1A

Instructor: ENGR. IAN VELANO Date: May 19, 2020

Schematic Diagram
A schematic, or schematic diagram, is a representation of the elements of a
system using abstract, graphic symbols rather than realistic pictures. A schematic
usually omits all details that are not relevant to the information the schematic is intended
to convey, and may add unrealistic elements that aid comprehension. In an electronic
circuit diagram, the layout of the symbols may not resemble the layout in the circuit.
Purpose
The schematic diagram shows, by
means of graphic symbols, the electrical
connections and functions of a particular
circuit arrangement. The schematic diagram is
employed to trace the circuit and its functions
without relation to the particular physical
size, shape, or location of the component
devices or parts. An example of Schematic Diagram

Schematic Diagram Symbols

Wire - represents an electrical connection. A jumper wire can be used for this in a breadboard-
based circuit.

Wires (connected)
-represents a shared electrical connection between two components.

Wires (not connected) - represents wires that cross in a schematic for drawing convenience,
but do not actually connect in a circuit.

DC Supply Voltage
- represents how much voltage supply to your circuit

Ground
- represents zero volts. It may be unlabeled, or labeled with GND, Vss, or Vee
No Connection (nc)
- represents a pin or lead which is not electrically connected in the circuit.

Resistor
- limits electrical current. The resistance value is usually included near to the symbol

Potentiometer (Variable Resistor)

- has resistance value determined by the position of an internal wiper

Transistor
- control current flow

Phototransistor
- restrict or allow current to flow proportional to the amount of light detected

Capacitor, Non-polar (Monolithic) - Capacitors store electrical energy. Non-polar capacitors

do not have positive and negative leads, so there is no "wrong way" to connect it in a circuit.

Capacitor, polarized (Electrolytic) - Electrolytic capacitors store electrical energy but can
only be connected in a circuit one way.

Push-buttons & Contact Switches -switches allow current to flow through a circuit
only while being physically engaged

Infrared Receiver - detect light emitted by infrared LEDs. These devices are often used
together in a circuit for obstacle detection and avoidance

Piezospeaker
- creates sound when voltage is applied across

Microcontroller Output Pin

- sending signal through a circuit to another device

Microcontroller Input Pin

- receiving a signal through a circuit from another device

Microcontroller Bi-directional Pin - sending signals to, receiving signals from, another
device while the application’s program is running

Inductor - The inductor symbol looks like a coiled wire as this is what an inductor
essentially is.

Light-Emitting Diode (LED) - convert electrical energy to light; they are commonly used to
indicate the status of a circuit

Battery - A large and a small line is supposed to represent one battery cell so that
the image below would suggest a two-cell battery.

Transformer
- Two windings and an air core, generic symbol
Transmissions Path
The Transmission Path symbols are smart, industrial standard and vector-based for
electrical schematic diagrams. Most of transmission path symbols can change in
appearance, style and color according to the requirements.
Also referred to as a transmission channel, the transmission path between two
nodes of an electrical diagram that a data communication follows. The term can refer to
the physical cabling that connects the nodes on an electrical schematic diagram, the
signal that is communicated over the pathway or a sub channel in a carrier frequency. A
transmission path is the connection or link from a subscriber's terminal to the network.
The path may be over a wire line or radio link.

Transmission Path

Lines
In power engineering, a single-line
diagram (SLD), also sometimes called one-
line diagram, is a simplified notation for
representing a three-phase power system.
The one-line diagram has its largest
application in power flow studies. Electrical
elements such as circuit breakers,
transformers, capacitors, bus bars, and
conductors are shown by standardized
schematic symbols. Instead of representing
each of three phases with a separate line or
terminal, only one conductor is represented.
 It is a form of block diagram graphically depicting the paths for power flow
between entities of the system. Elements on the diagram do not represent the physical
size or location of the electrical equipment, but it is a common convention to organize
the diagram with the same left-to-right, top-to-bottom sequence as the switchgear or
other apparatus represented. A one-line diagram can also be used to show a high level
view of conduit runs for a PLC control system.

Reference Designation
A reference designator unambiguously identifies a component in an electrical
schematic or on a printed circuit board. The reference designator usually consists of
one or two letters followed by a number, e.g. R13, C1002.

The number is sometimes followed by a letter, indicating that components are

grouped or matched with each other, e.g. R17A, R17B. IEEE 315 contains a list of
Class Designation Letters to use for electrical and electronic assemblies. For example,
the letter R is a reference prefix for the resistors of an assembly, C for capacitors, K for
relays.

Reference Designators
Rules and Guidelines in Making Schematic Diagram
 Use component designators
 Clean up text placement
 Basic layout and flow
 Draw pins according to function
 Direct connections, within reason
 Design for regular size paper
 Label key nets
 Keep names reasonably short
 Upper case symbol names
 Show decoupling caps by the part
 Dots connect, crosses don't
 Good schematics show you the circuit.
 Bad schematics make you decipher them.
 Neatness and presentation count a lot.