1.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/0

 GENERAL APTITUDE
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each.

1. Newpapers are a constant source of delight and recreation for me. The ______ trouble is that
I read ______ many of them.
(A) even, too
(B) only, too
(C) even, quite
(D) only, quite
Sol. For the first blank ‘only’ is appropriate as the usage of ‘even’ would entail usage of a
comparative as in the case of ‘even more’, which is irrelevant to the context. The correct
colocation with ‘many’ will be ‘too many’ as the newspapers are Count nouns, or they can be
counted. Choice (B)
2. The missing number in the given sequence 343, 1331, ______, 4913 is
(A) 2197
(B) 3375
(C) 2744
(D) 4096
Sol. Given series is 343, 1331, ….., 4913
343 = 73, 1331= 113, 4913=173. Therefore, the series is cubes of the prime numbers starting
with 7. Therefore, the blank is 133 = 2197. Choice (A)
3. It takes two hours for a person X to mow the lawn. Y can mow the same lawn in four hours.
How long (in minutes) will it take X and Y, if they work together to mow the lawn?
(A) 80
(B) 120
(C) 60
(D) 90
Sol. X takes 2 hours to mow the lawn, so in one hour, half of the lawn gets mowed. Y takes 4
hours to mow the lawn, so in one hour, one-fourth of the lawn gets mowed. Together, in one
1 1 3 4
hour, 2 + 4 = 4th of the lawn gets mowed. Hence it will take 3 hours, which is 80 minutes.
Choice (A)
4. I am not sure if the bus that has been booked will be able to ______ all the student.
(A) deteriorate
(B) accommodate
(C) sit
(D) fill
Sol. The correct word to fit in the context will be ‘accommodate’, which means provide sufficient
space for or adjust. Choice (B)
5. The passengers were angry _______ the airline staff about the delay.
(A) about
(B) with
(C) towards
(D) on
Sol. The correct collocation is ‘angry with’. Choice (B)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/1

Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each.

6. How many integers are there between 100 and 1000 all of whose digits are even?
(A) 100
(B) 90
(C) 80
(D) 60

Sol. We need to find out the number of three-digit even numbers. The units and the tens digits
can be filled in 5 ways (0, 2, 4, 6, 8). The hundreds digit can be filled in 4 ways (2, 4, 6, 8).
Number of ways of filling the three places = 4 x 5 x 5 = 100 Choice (A)

7. An award-winning study by a group of researches suggest that men are as prone to buying
on impulse as women but women feel more guilty about shopping.
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the given text?
(A) Some men and women indulge in buying on impulse
(B) Many me and women indulge in buying on impulse
(C) All men and women indulge in buying on impulse
(D) Few men and women indulge in buying on impulse

Sol. Option (A) is the correct choice because the context talks as out men and women generally,
without any qualification. Choice (A)

8. The ratio of the number of boys and girls who participated in a examination is 4 : 3. The total
percentage of candidates who passed the examination is 80 and the percentage of girls who
passed is 90. The percentage of boys who passed is ______.
(A) 90.00
(B) 72.50
(C) 55.50
(D) 80.50

Sol. Let the number of boys and girls who appeared for the examination be 40 and 30 respectively.
Total pass percentage is 80, hence 80% of 70 = 56 students passed (boys + girls) Pass
percentage among girls is 90, hence 90% of 30 = 27 girls passed Out of 56 students who
passed, 27 are girls and the remaining (56 - 27 = 29) are boys. ∴ 29/40 = 0.725 = 72.5% of
the boys passed. Choice (B)

9. given two sets X = {1, 2, 3} and Y = {2, 3, 4}, we construct a set Z of all possible fractions
where the numerators belong to set X and the denominators belongs to set Y. The product of
elements having minimum and maximum values in the set Z is ______.
(A) 1/12
(B) 3/8
(C) 1/6
(D) 1/8
smallest numerator 1
Sol. Smallest fraction = largest denominator
=4
largest numerator 3
Largest fraction = smallest denominator
=2
1 3 3
Their product = ∗ = . Choice (B)
4 2 8

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/2

10. Consider five people – Mita, Ganga, Rekha, Lakshmi and Sana. Ganga is taller than both
Rekha and Lakshmi. Lakshmi is taller than Sana. Mita is taller than Ganga. Which of the
following conclusions are true?
(A) 1 only
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 3 only
(D) 2 and 4
Sol. Given, G > (R, L), L > S, M > G.
➔ M > G > L > S and M > G > R. Therefore, we know that M is the tallest.
No relationship can be established between L and R.
Therefore, Rekha is shorter than Mita and Sana is shorter than Ganga. Choice (D)

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each.

1. Given Vgs is the gate –source voltage, Vds is the dnain source voltage, and Vth is the threshold
voltage of an enhancement type NMOS transistor, the condition for transistor to be biased in
saturation region are
(A) Vgs > Vth ; Vds > Vgs – Vth
(B) Vgs > Vth ; Vds < Vgs – Vth
(C) Vgs < Vth ; Vds > Vgs – Vth
(D) Vgs < Vth ; Vds < Vgs – Vth

Sol. Enhancement type NMOS transistor operates in saturation region

when Vgs > Vth and Vds > Vgs – Vth. Choice (A)
0 1 1
2. The rank of the matrix, M = [1 0 1], is ______.
1 1 0
0 1 1
Sol. Given M = [1 0 1]
1 1 0
Det(M) = –1(0 – 1) + 1(1 – 0)
=20
 Rank of M = 3 Ans: 3
3. The output response of a system is denoted as y(t), and its Laplace transform is given by
10
Y(s) = s(s2 + s + 100 2) . The steady state value of y(t) is
√
(A) 100√2
(B) 10√2
1
(C)
10√2
1
(D) 100√2
10
Sol. Y(s) =
s(s2 +s+100√2)
10 1
Steady state value of y(t) = lt S. = Choice (C)
s→0 s(s2 +s+100√2) 10√2

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/3

 s+3
4. The inverse Laplace transform of H(s) = s2 + 2s + 1 for t > 0 is
(A) 4te–t + e–t
(B) 3e–t
(C) 3te–t + e–t
(D) 2te–t + e–t
s+3
Sol. Given H(s) = s2 + 2s + 1
s+3
 L-1[H(s)] = L-1[ ]
s2 + 2s + 1
s+1+2
= L-1[ (s + 1)2 ]

1 2
= L-1[s + 1 + (s + 1)2
]

1 1
= L-1[ ] + 2L-1[ ]
s+1 (s + 1)2

= e–t + 2te–t
 L-1[H(s)] = 2te–t + e–t Choice (D)

5. The symbols, a and T, represent positive quantities, and u(t) is the unit step function. Which
one of the following impulse responses is NOT the output of a causal linear time–invariant
system?
(A) 1 + e–atu(t)
(B) e–a(t–T)u(t)
(C)e–a(t + T)u(t)
(D) e+atu(t)

Sol. h(t) = 1 + e–at u(t)

h(t)  0; t < 0 Choice (A)
kT
6. The mean – square of a zero – mean random process is , where k is Boltzmann’s constant,
c
T is the absolute temperature, and C is capacitance. The standard deviation of the random
process is
kT
(A) √ C
√kT
(B) C
kT
(C) c
C
(D) kT

KT
Sol. σ(X2) = C
σ(X) = 0
σ(X2) – [σ(X)]2
KT
Var(x) = C – 0 = KT⁄C

Standard deviation = √KT⁄C Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/4

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/5
7. The parameter of an equivalent circuit of a three – phase induction motor affected by reducing
the rms value of the supply voltage at the rated frequency is
(A) stator resistance
(B) rotor resistance
(C) rotor leakage reactance
(D) magnetizing reactance

Sol. The equivalent circuit diagram of a 3 -  induction motor refer to stator side is

As applied voltage is decreased, the torque produced by the motor decreases. To maintain
R′2
the load torque as constant slip will increases. Therefore total rotor resistance will change.
𝑆
 The parameter which is affected by reducing applied voltage is rotor resistance.
Choice (B)

8. A 5 kVA, 50 V/100 V, single – phase transformer has a secondary terminal voltage of 95 V

when loaded. The regulation of the transformer is
(A) 9%
(B) 5%
(C) 4.5%
(D) 1%

Sol. Given Vt = = 95V = V2

No load secondary voltage, E2 = 100V
|E | – |V |
% voltage regulation = 2|E | 2 x 100%
2
100 –95
= 100 × 100
= 5% Choice (B)

9. If f = 2x3 + 3y2 + 4z, the value of line integral c grad. dr evaluated over contour C formed by
the segments (–3, –3, 2) → (2, –3, 2) → (2, 6, 2) → (2, 6, –1) is ______.

Sol. f = 2x3 + 3y2 + 4z

∂f ∂f ∂f
 grad f = ∂x i̅ + ∂y j̅ + ∂z k̅
= 6x2i̅ + 6yj̅ + 4k̅
∫c grad f. dr̅ = ∫c [6x 2 dx + 6y dy + 4 dz]
Along (–3, –3, 2) → (2, –3, 2),
x varies from x = –3 to x = 2
y = –3  dy = 0 and z = 2  dz = 0
2
  grad f. dr̅ = ∫x= −3[6x 2 + dx = 2x 3 ]2−3 = 70 → (1)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/6

 Along (2, –3, 2) → (2, 6, 2),
x = 2  dx = 0, y varies from y = –3 to y = 6 and z = 2  dz = 0
6
 grad f. dr̅ = ∫y = −3 6y dy
= 3y2]6−3 = 81 → (2)
Along (2, 6, 2) → (2, 6, –1)
x = 2  dx = 0, y = 6  dy = 0 and z varies from z = 2 to z = –1
−1
  grad f. dr̅ = ∫z = 2 4dz = 4z]−1
2 = –12 → (3)
 (1) + (2) + (3) 
∫c grad f. dr̅ = 70 + 81 – 12 = 139 Ans: 139

a1 s2 + b1 s + c1
10. A system transfer function is H(s) = . If a1 = b1 = 0, and all other coefficients are
a2 s2 + b2 s + c2
positive, the transfer function represents a
(A) band pass filter
(B) notch filter
(C) low pass filter
(D) high pass filter

a1 s2 + b1 s+ c1
Sol. H(s) = a2 s2 + b2 s+c2
c1
If a1 = b1 =0 H(s) =
a2 s2 + b2 s+c2
c1
H() = –a ω2 + b2 jω+c2
2
C1
H (0) =
C2
H() = 0
The transfer represents a low – pass filter. Choice (C)
11. A co –axial cylindrical capacitor shown in Figure (i) has dielectric with relative permittivity
𝑟1 = 2. When one – fourth portion of the dielectric is replaced with another dielectric of relative
permittivity 𝑟2, as shown in Figure (ii), the capacitance is doubled. The value of 𝑟2 is ______.

2πε0 εr ι
Sol. C1 = R
𝑙𝑛( )
r

2πε0 2ι
= R
𝑙𝑛( )
r
3π π
ε 2× l ε ε ι
2 0 2 0 r2
C2 = R + R
𝑙𝑛( ) 𝑙𝑛( )
r r

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/7

 Given that
C2 = 2C1
 ε0 ι εr2
R [3 + 2
]
𝑙𝑛( )
r

4πε0 ι
= 2[ R ]
𝑙𝑛( )
r

εr2 = 10 Ans: 10

12. The characteristic equation of a linear time – invariant (LTI) system is given by
(s) = s4 + 3s3 + 3s2 + s + k = 0. The system is BIBO stable of
(A) k > 3
12
(B) 0 < k < 9
8
(C) 0 < k <
9
(D) k > 6

Sol. C.E = S4 + 3S3 + 3S2 + S + K = 0

For the system to be stable there shouldn’t be any sign changes in the first column of RH table.

S4 1 3 K

S3 3 1 0

S2 8⁄ K 0
3
S1 8⁄ – 3𝐾
3
8⁄
3
S0 K

(8⁄3 – 3K) > 0 and K > 0

 3K < 8⁄3  K < 8⁄9  0 < k < 8/9 Choice (C)

13. A three – phase synchronous motor draws 200 A from the line at unity power factor at rated
load. Considering the same line voltage and load, the line current at a power factor of
0.5 leading is
(A) 300 A
(B) 200 A
(C) 100 A
(D) 400 A
Sol. In a 3 -  synchronous motor,
P = VI cos
For same line voltage and load, P = constant, V = constant
I Cos = constant
I1 cos1 = I2 cos2
200 x 1 = I2 x 0.5
 I2 = 400 A Choice (D)
GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/8
14. M is a 2 x 2 matrix with eigenvalues 4 and 9. The eigenvalues of M2 are
(A) 4 and 9
(B) –2 and –3
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 16 and 81

Sol. Eigen values of M are 4 and 9.

 Eigen values of M2 are 42 and 92 = 16 and 81. Choice (D)

15. A current controlled current source (CCCS) has an input impedance of 10  and output
impedance of 100k. when this CCCS is used in a negative feedback closed loop with a loop
gain of 9, the closed loop output impedance is
(A) 100 
(B) 10 
(C) 100 k
(D) 1000 k

Sol. The closed loop output impedance Rof = Ro (1 + A) = 100 (1 + 9)

Rof = 1000 k Choice (D)

16. The Ybus matrix of a two – bus power system having two identical parallel lines connected
−j8 j20
between them in pu is given as Ybus = [ ]. The magnitude of the series reactance of
j20 −j8
each line in pu (round off up to one decimal place) is ______.
–j8 j20
Sol. YBUS = [ ]
j20 –j8
Y12 = + j20  y12 = – j20

1 2
jx

jx
(jx)(jx) 1
j2x
= –j20
X 1
2
= 20
x = 0.1 Ans: 0.1
17. The total impedance of the secondary winding, lead, and burden of a 5 A CT is 0.01 . If the
fault current is 20 times the rated primary current of the CT, the VA output of the CT is ______.

Sol. S = VI = I2z = 0.01  (20  5)2 = 100 VA Ans: 100

2 u 2 u 2 u
18. The partial differential equation t2
− c 2 ( x2 + y2 ) = 0; where c  0 is known as
(A) wave equation
(B) heat equation
(C) Laplace equation
(D) Poisson’s equation
∂2 4 ∂2 4 ∂2 4
Sol. ∂t2
– c2 (∂x2 + ∂y2
) = 0 represents the two-dimensional wave equation. Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/9

19. The output voltage of a single – phase full bridge voltage source inverter is controlled by
unipolar PWM with one pulse per half cycle. For the fundamental rms component of output
voltage to be 75% of DC voltage, the required pulse width in degrees (round off up to one
decimal place) is ______.

Sol. Fourier series representation of output voltage is given by,

4vs
Vo = ∑n=1,3,5…. sin(nd) sin(nwt)
nπ

Von

The fundamental rms component of output voltage is given by,

𝑉 2√2𝑉
Voir = 𝑜1 = 𝜋 𝑆 sin(d) = 0.75Vs
√2
Sind = 0.833
d = 56.41
Width of the pulse, 2d = 2  56.41 = 112.82° Ans: 112.8

20. Which one of the following functions is analytic in the region |𝑧| < 1?
z2 − 1
(A)
z+2
z2 − 1
(B) z + j0.5
z2 − 1
(C)
z
z2 − 1
(D)
z − 0.5

z2 – 1
Sol. Consider z + 2 given option (A)
It is analytic everywhere except at z = –2
But z = –2 is outside |z|  1.
So it is analytic everywhere in the region |z|  1. Choice (A)

21. A six – pulse thyristor bride rectifier is connected to a balanced three – phase, 50 Hz AC
source. Assuming that the DC output current of the rectifier is constant, the lowest harmonic
component in the AC input current is
(A) 150 Hz
(B) 100 Hz
(C) 250 Hz
(D) 300 Hz

Sol. Source current of three-phase six pulse bridge converter is given by

4I0 nπ
Is = ∑∞
n=1,5,7 nπ sin ( 3 ) sin(nwt + ∅n)
Lowest order harmonic is 5th
Lowest order harmonic frequency = 5  fs
= 5  50
= 250 Hz Choice (C)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/10

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/11
22. in the circuit shown below, the switch is closed at t = 0. The value of  in degrees which will
give the maximum value of DC offset of the current at the time of switching is

(A) 90
(B) –45
(C) 60
(D) –30
Sol. DC off set current
−𝑉
= |𝑍|𝑚 sin(t + θ – )
L
 = tan-1 ( ) = 45°
R
at t = 0 for dc off set current to be
maximum –( – ) = π⁄2
 –  = –π⁄2j  = –π⁄2 + π⁄4
 = –π⁄4
  = –45° Choice (B)
e−0.25s
23. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by G(s) = . in G(s)
s
plane, the Nyquist plot of G(s) passes through the negative real axis at the point
(A) (–0.5, j0)
(B) (–1.25, j0)
(C) (–0.75, j0)
(D) (–1.5, j0)
π e–0.25s
Sol. G(s)H(s) =
s
at  = pc
π ω
– 2 – 4pc = –   pc = 2
π
|G(j)H(j)|ω = = 0.5  (–0.5, j0) Choice (A)
pc 2π

24. Five alternators each rated 5 MVA, 13.2 kV with 25% of reactance on its own base are
connected in parallel to busbar. The short – circuit level in MVA at the busbar is ______.
Sol. Given each alternator Rating : 5 MVA, 13.2 kV,
Xs = 0.25 p.u.
Assume, generated voltage of each alternator,
Eg = 1 p.u.
0.25
∵ 5 alternators are connected in parallel, Xs(eq) = 5 = 0.05 p.u.
Eg 1
Short circuit current, Isc = X = 0.05
= 20 p. u.
seq
Short circuit MVA = 20 x 5 = 100 MVA Ans: 100

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/12

25. The current I flowing in the circuit shown below in amperes (round off to one decimal place)
is ______.

Sol.
2 V 3
> •
I

20 V  2A + 5I
–

V – 20 V – 5I
– 20 + 2I + (I + 2)3 + 5I = 0 2
–2+ 3
=0
20 – V
2I + 3I +5I = 20 – 6 (or) I=
2
I = 1.4 (A) I = 1.4 Amp Ans: 1.4

Q. 26 – Q. 55 carry two marks each.

26. The magnetic circuit shown below has uniform cross – sectional area and air gap of 0.2 cm.
The mean path length of the core is 40 cm. Assume that leakage and fringing fluxes are
negligible. When the core relative permeability is assumed to be infinite, the magnetic flux
density computed in the air gap is 1 tesla. With same Ampere – turns, if the core relative
permeability is assumed to be 1000 (linear), the flux density in tesla (round off to three decimal
places) calculated in the air gap is ______.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/13

Sol.

Given lag = 0.2 cm

Total length of core, c = 39.8 cm
Case (i): r = 
Bm1 = 1T

ϕ mmf N.I
B=A ϕ= R
= R

1
Given NI = constant   
R
1
BB
R

l
R=
μo μR Ac
lc lag
R1(Total) = Rc + Rairgap = +
μo μR Ac μo μR Ac
39.8 × 10–2 0.2 × 10–2
 R1(Total) = +
4π × 10–7 × ∞ × Ac 4π × 10–7 × 1 × Ac
0.2 × 10–2
R1 = 0 +
μo Ac
Case (ii): r = 1000
39.8 × 10–2 0.2 × 10–2
R2(Total) = 4π × 10–7 × 1000 × A + 4π × 10–7 × 1 × Ac
c
–2
1 39.8 × 10
= [ + 0.2 × 10–2 ]
μo Ac 1000
2.398 × 10–3
R2 = μo Ac
1
BR
B2 R1
=
B1 R2
0.2
 B2 = 2.398 = 0.83403. Ans: 0.834

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/14

27. The current I flowing in the circuit shown below in amperes is ______.

Sol.

50  40  25  20 
20 
100 V
160 V 100 V 80 V

4A 4A 4A
4A     20 
50  40  25  20 

I=0 Ans: 0

28. In a DC-DC boost converter, the duty ratio is controlled to regulate the output voltage at 48V.
The input DC voltage is 24 V. The output power is 120 W. The switching frequency is 50 kHz.
Assume ideal components and a very large output filter capacitor. The converter operates at
the boundary between continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. The value of the
boost inductor (in H) is ______.
Sol. Vs = 24v
V0 = 48v
Output power = V0 I0 = 120 W
Switching frequency, f = 50 KHZ
Critical inductance, Lc = ?
Critical inductance (Lc): The value of inductor at which the inductor current is just continuous /
discontinuous
Output voltage,
Vs
Vo = 1−D
V 24
 1 – D = V s = 48  1 – 0 = ½  D = ½
o
Output power,
Vo Io = 120
48 Io = 120
Io = 2.5 A

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/15

 Vo
R= Io
= 19.2 
D(1 – D)R
Critical inductance, Lc =
2f
0.5 × 0.5 × 19.2
Lc = 2 × 50 × 103

= 48 H Ans: 48

29. A 0.1 F capacitor charged to 100 V is discharged through a 1 k resistor. The time in ms
(round off to two decimal places) required for the voltage across the capacitor to drop to 1 V
is ________.

Sol.

+
100 V
0.01 F 1 k
–

–t⁄
Vc(t) = Vo e RC
t1
–
Vc(t1) = 1 = 100 e 103 × 10–7
t1
4
e 10–4 = 100  e 10 t1 = 100
ln (e)
104t1 = ln (e)  t1 = 4 = 0.46 ms Ans: 0.46
10

1
3(s + )
3T
30. The transfer function of a phase lead compensator is given by D(S) = 1 . The frequency
(s + )
T
(in rad/sec), at which  D(j) is maximum is
(A) √3T 2
(B) √3𝑇
3
(C) √T2

1
(D) √3T2

1
3(s + )
3T
Sol. Gc(s)= 1
(s + )
T
1 1 1
m = √ . = Choice (D)
3T T √3T2

31. A single-phase fully-controlled thyristor converter is used to obtain an average voltage of

180 V with 10 A constant current to feed a DC load. It is fed single-phase AC supply of
230 V, 50 Hz. Neglect the source impedance. The power factor (round off to two decimal
places) of AC mains is ______.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/16

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/17
Sol. Average o/p voltage, Vo = 180 V
Input voltage, vs = 230 V
For highly inductive load, the average output voltage,
2v
vo = πm cos  ------------ (1)
Input power factor, = 0.9 cos 
2 ×230 × √2
(1)  180 = cos 
π
cos  = 0.8693
Now, input power factor = 0.9  0.8693
= 0.7824 Ans: 0.78

32. a fully-controlled three-phase bridge converter is working from a 415 V, 50 Hz AC supply. It

is supplying constant current of 100 A at 400 V to DC load. Assume large inductive smoothing
and neglect overlap. The rms value of the AC line current in amperes (round off to two decimal
places) is _______.

Sol. Load current, Io = 100A

Source current wave form:

2
The Rms value of source current is given by, Is = Io . √3
2
 Is = 100 √3 = 81.649 Ans: 81.64

33. Consider a 2 x 2 matrix M = [v1 v2], where, v1 and v2 are the column vectors. Suppose
uT
M–1 = [ 1T ], where u1T and uT2 are the vectors. Consider the following statements:
u2

Statement 1: u1T v1 = 1 and uT2 v2 = 1

Statement 2: u1T v2 = 0 and uT2 v1 = 0

Which of the following options is correct?

(A) Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false
(B) Both the statements are false
(C) Statement 2 is true and statement 1 is false
(D) Both the statements are true

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/18

 T
Sol. Given M = [v1 v2 ] and M-1[u1 ]
uT2
-1
We know that M M = I
uT v2 ] = [1 0]
 [ 1T ] [v1
u2 0 1
uT v u1T v2 1 0
 [ 1T 1 ]=[ ]
u2 v1 uT2 v2 0 1
 u1T v1 = 1, u1T v2 = 0, uT2 v1 = 0, and uT2 v2 = 1
 Both the statements are true. Choice (D)
34. A 220 V DC shunt motor takes 3 A at no-load. It draws 25 A when running at full-load at
1500 rpm. The armature and shunt resistances are 0.5  and 220 , respectively. The
no-load speed in rpm (round off to two places) is ______.
Sol. Given Vt = 220V, IL0 = 3A
ILfl = 25A, Nfl = 1500 r.p.m.
Ra = 0.5 , Rsh = 220
Under no-load condition, Ego = Vt – Iao Ra
V
Iao = IL0 – Ish = IL0 – t
Rsh
200
Iao = 3 – ( ) = 2𝐴
220
Ego = 220 – (2 x 0.5) = 219V
Under full - load condition:
V
IafL = ILfl – Ish = ILfl – R t
sh
220
IafL = 25 –(220) = 24A
EgFL = 220 – (24 x 0.5) = 208V
Eg = ka 
EgfL N
 E = NfL
go o
Ego 219
 No = E . NfL = 208 × 1500
gfL
No load speed, No = 1579.3269 r.p.m. Ans: 1579.33
35. In the circuit below, the operational amplifier is ideal. If V1 = 10 mV and V2 = 50 mV, the output
voltage (Vout) is

(A) 500 mV (B) 400 mV

(C) 600 mV (D) 100 mV

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/19

Sol.

Case (i): Consider V1 & make V2 = 0

 Vout1 = –100mV

Case (ii): Consider V2 & make V1 = 0

𝑉 ×100 100
Vout2 = 2 × [1 + ]
110 10
Vout2 = 50 x 10 = 500mV
Vout = Vout2 + Vout1 = 500mV – 100mV
Vout = 400mV Choice (B)
36. A DC-DC buck converter operates in continuous conduction mode. It has 48 V input voltage,
and if feeds a resistive load of 24 . The switching frequency of the converter is 250 Hz.
If switch-on duration is 1 ms, the load power is
(A) 48 W
(B) 24 W
(C) 12 W
(D) 6 W

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/20

Sol. Input voltage, VS = 48 V
Load resistance, R = 24 
Switching frequency, f= 250 HZ
ON – period, TON = 1 msec
T 1 1
Duty ratio, D = ON (T = = = 4 msec)
T f 250
1 msec
= = 0.25
4 msec
Load power, Po = VoIo
output voltage, Vo = DVS
Vo = 0.25  48 = 12 V
V 12 1
Load current, Io = Ro = 24 = 2A
1
Load power, Po = 12  2 = 6W Choice (D)

37. The probability of a resistor being defective is 0.02. There are 50 such resistors in a circuit.
The probability of two or more defective resistors in the circuit (round off to two decimal
places) is ________.

Sol. Let X = The number of defective resistors in the circuit.

 Probability of a resistor being defective = p = 0.02
Number of resistors in the circuit = n = 50
 Average number of defective resistors =  = np = 50  0.02 = 1
The probability of two or more defective resistors in the circuit = P(X  2)
= 1 – P(X < 2)
= 1 – [P(X = 0) + P(X = 1)]
λ0 e−λ λ1 e−λ
= 1 – [ 0! + 1! ]
= 1 – [e–1 + e–1]
= 1 – 2 e–1 = 0.2624
Ans: 0.2624

38. A 30 kV, 50 Hz, 50 MVA generator has the positive, negative, and zero sequence reactances
of 0.25 pu, 0.15 pu, and 0.05 pu, respectively. The neutral of the generator is grounded with
a reactance so that the fault current for a bolted three-phase fault at the generator terminal
are equal. The value of grounding reactance in ohms (round off to one decimal place) is
_____.

Sol. X1 = 0.25 pu
X2 = 0.15 pu
X0 = 0.05 pu
30 kV, 50 MVA, 50 Hz
If(L – G fault) = If(3 – ∅) then Xg = _______()
3 Ea1 Ea1
X1 + X2 + X0 + 3Xg
= X1
3X1 = X1 + X2 + X0 + 3Xg  3Xg = 2X1 –X2 –X0
302
Xg = 0.1 Xg()= 0.1  50
= 1.8  Ans: 1.8

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/21

 z3 + z2 + 8
39. The closed loop line integral ∮|z| = 5 dz evaluated counter-clockwise, is
z+2
(A) +8j
(B) +4j
(C) –8j
(D) –4j

z3 + z2 + 8
Sol. Let I = ∮|z|=5 z +2
dz
z3 + z2 + 8
z = –2 is a singularity of which lies inside |z| = 5.
z +2
 By Cauchy’s integral formula,
z3 + z2 + 8
I = ∮|z|=5 z +2
dz = 2j(z3 + z2 + 8)at z = –2
= 2j((–2)3 + (–2)2 + 8)
= 2j(4)
= 8j Choice (A)

40. A delta-connected, 3.7 kW, 400 V(line), three phase, 4-pole, 50-Hz squirrel-cage induction
motor has the following equivalent circuit parameters per phase referred to the stator:
R1 = 5.39 , R2 = 5.72 , X1 = X2 = 8.22 . Neglect shunt branch in the equivalent circuit.
The starting line current in amperes (round off to two decimal places) when it is connected to
a 100 V (line), 10 Hz, three-phase AC source is ______.

Sol. Given:  – connected,

Pnet = 3.7 kW, Vt(line) = 400V
P =4, f = 50Hz
Perphase values

Ro
= R1 + R21 = 11.11 Ω
i
XO1(old) = X1 + X21 = 16.44 Ω at f = 50HZ
f 10
At f = 10Hz, X01(new) = X01(old) × new =16.44 ×
fold 50
X01(new) = 3.288 Ω/ph
V/ph
Ist/ph =
√R201 + X201(new)

 Ist/ph = 8.63086 A

Ist (line) = √3 Ist/ph

Ans: 14.95

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/22

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/23
41. In the single machine infinite bus system shown below, the generator is delivering the real
power of 0.8 pu at 0.8 power factor lagging to the infinite bus. The power angle of the
generator in degree (round off to decimal place) is ________.

Sol. Po = 0.8 pu, 0.8 lag p.f.

j 0.4
j 0.25 j 0.2

+ j 0.4 10o
~– |E|L ~

 = __________
P 0.8
I = V cos ϕ = 1 × 0.8 = 1 pu
I = 1–36.86o pu
Xeq = 0.65 pu
E = V + IXeq
= 10o + (1–36.86o)(0.6590o)
E = 1.48 20.51o
 = 20.51o
Ans: 20.51

42. If A = 2xi + 3yj + 4zk and u = x2 + y2 + z2, then div(uA) at (1, 1, 1) is ______.

̅ = 2xi̅ + 3yj̅ + 4zk̅ and u = x2 + y2 + z2

Sol. A
 divA ̅ = 2 + 3 + 4 = 9, grad u = 2xi̅ + 2yj̅ + 2zk̅
̅
div(uA) = u (divA ̅ ) + (grad u) . A
̅
= (x + y + z ) (9) + (2xi̅ + 2yj̅ + 2zk̅) . (2xi̅ + 3yj̅ + 4zk̅)
2 2 2

= 9(x2 + y2 + z2) + (4x2 + 6y2 + 8z2)

= 13x2 + 15y2 + 17z2)
 div(uA ̅ )at (1, 1, 1) = 13(1)2 + 15(1)2 + 17(1)2 = 45. Ans: 45

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/24

43. The output expression for the Karnaugh map shown below is

̅
(A) QR + S̅
(B) QR + S̅
(C) QR + S
̅
(D) QR + S
Sol.

PQ
00 01 11 10 II
RS
00 0 1 1 0
I
01 1 1 1 1
11 1 1 1 1
10 0 0 0 0

F = I + II
I=S
̅𝑄
II = R
 F = S + QR
̅ Choice (D)
44. A 220 V (line), three-phase, Y-connected, synchronous motor has a synchronous impedance
of (0.25 + j2.5) /phase. The motor draws the rated current of 10 A at 0.8 pf leading. The rms
value of line-to-line internal voltage in volts (round off to two decimal places) is ______.

Sol. Given Vt = 220 V (line), 3 – Ý– connection

220
Vt/ph = V
√3
Zs/ph = (0.25 + j 2.5) Ω
Ra/ph = 0.25 Ω, Xs/ph = 2.5 Ω
Ia = 10A, cos  = 0.8 (leading)
2 2
ph √(Vt cos ϕ – la R a ) + (Vt sin ϕ + la X s )
Eg/ =

220 2 220 2
= √[( × 0.8) − (10 × 0.25)] + [( × 0.6) − (10 × 2.5)]
√3 √3
Eg/ = 141.6581 V
ph
Eg (line) √3 Eg/ph = 245.35908V
Ans : 245.36

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/25

45. The enhancement type MOSFET in the circuit below operates according to the square law.
n Cox = 100 A/V2 , the threshold voltage (VT) is 500 mV. Ignore channel length modulation.
The output voltage Vout is

(A) 600 mV
(B) 2 V
(C) 500 mV
(D) 100 mV

Sol.

n Cox = 100 A/V2

VT = 500mV
1 ω
I = 2 × μn Cox ( L ) [Vout – Vt ]2
1
(Vout – 0.5)2 = 10
(Vout – 0.5) = + 0.1
Vout – 0.5 = 0.1 Vout – 0.5 = –0.1
Vout = 0.6V or 600mV Vout = 0.4V
Or
Vout = 400mV
Vout = 600 mV is valid Choice (A)

46. The line currents of a three-phase four wire system are square waves with amplitude of
100 A. There three currents are phase shifted by 120° with respect to each other. The rms
value of neutral current is
(A) 0 A
(B) 300 A
(C) 100 A
100
(D) A
√3

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/26

Sol. In three phase – four wire system
⃑⃑⃑⃑N = ⃑⃑⃑⃑A + ⃑⃑⃑⃑
 B + ⃑⃑⃑⃑C

RMS Value of neutral current, Nrms = 100A

[∵ RMS Value of square wave with amplitude ‘A’ is A.] Choice (C)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/27

47. A three-phase 50 Hz, 400 kV transmission line is 300 km long. The line inductance is 1 mH/km
per phase, and the capacitance is 0.01 F/km per phase. The line is under open circuit
condition at the receiving end and energized with 400 kV at the sending end, the receiving
end line voltage in kV (round off to two decimal places) will be _______.

Sol. l = 300 km, L = 1 mH/km, c =0.01 F/km

Vr = 400 kV, f = 50 Hz, Vs = 400 kV
Vro = ______
V
Vro = As
2𝜋𝑓𝑙
B= = 0.29
𝜗
2⁄
A=1– 2 = 0.955 ;
400 𝑘𝑉
Vor = 0.955
= 418.85 kV Ans: 418.85
48. The asymptotic Bode magnitude plot of a minimum phase transfer function G(S) is shown
below.

Consider the following two statements.

Statement I: Transfer function G(S) has three poles and one zero.
3
Statement I: At very high frequency ( → ), the phase angle ∠ G(j) = – 2 .
Which one of the following options is correct?
(A) Both the statements are true.
(B) Statement I is true and Statement II is false.
(C) Statement I is false and Statement II is true.
(D) Both the statements are false.

Sol. From the given Bode plot it is observed that

I There are 3 poles and no zeros
II ‘3’ poles as  →  gives –270o
 statement I is false & II is true. Choice (C)
49. In a 132 kV system, the series inductance up to the point of circuit breaker location is 50 mH.
The shunt capacitance at the circuit breaker terminal is 0.05 F. The critical value of
resistance in ohms required to be connected across the circuit breaker contacts which will
give no transient oscillation is _____.

1 50 × 10–3
Sol. R = 2 √L⁄C = 1⁄2 √ = 500 
0.05 × 10–6
Ans: 500
GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/28
50. A moving coil instrument having a resistance of 10 , gives a full-scale deflection when the
current is 10 mA. What should be the value of the series resistance, so that it can be used as
a voltmeter for measuring potential difference up to 100 V?
(A) 990 
(B) 99 
(C) 9990 
(D) 9 

Sol.

Vm = mRm
= 10  10-3  10 = 0.1V

100 = Vm + Rse m
(100 –Vm )
Rse =
m
100 –0.1
= = 9990 Choice (C)
10 × 10–3

51. Consider a state-variable model of a system

ẋ 0 1 x1 0
[ 1] = [ ] [x ] + [ ] r
x2̇ –  – 2 2 
x1
y = [1 0] [x ]
2

where y is the output, and r is the input. The damping ratio  and the undamped natural
frequency ωn (rad/sec) of the system are given by
√α
(A)  = ; ωn = √β
β
β
(B)  = ; ωn = √
√α
β
(C)  = √ ; ωn =
√α
(D)  = √β ; ωn = √

0 –1
Sol. A = [ ]
–α –2β
C.E = |SI – A|
s 0 0 0–1
=[ ] –[ ]
0 s –α –2β
s 1
= |[ ]| = 0
α s +2β
= s2 + 2s +  = 0
Compare with s2 + 2ns + 2n = 0
2n =   n =√α
2β β
=2 α= α Choice (B)
√ √

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/29

52. A single-phase transformer of rating 25 kVA, supplies a 12 kW load at power factor of
0.6 lagging. The additional load at unity power factor in kW (round off to two decimal places)
that may be added before this transformer exceeds its rated kVA is _______.
Sol. Given:
25KVA, 1 transformer
PL = 12 KW at cos = 0.6 lagging
Reactive power, QL = VLIL sin

PL
QL = cos sin 

12 103
=  0.8
0.6
QL = 16 KVAR
For transformer QL is constant.

S = P2 + Q 2

2 3
(25 × 103) = P +( 16  10 )
Total power supplied by P = 19209.3727W
transforme is
P = 19.209 KW

 Additional load at unity power factor added is = P – PL = 7209.3727W

= 7.209 KW Ans : 7.21
53. The voltage across and the current through a load are expressed as follows
π
v(t) = –170 sin (377t – ) V
6
π
i(t) = 8 cos (377t + 6 ) A
The average power in watts (round off to one decimal place) consumed by the load is ______.
Sol. V(t) = –170 sin (377t + π⁄6)
= 170 cos (377t + π⁄3)
i(t) = 8 cos (377t + π⁄6)
170
P=( ) (8⁄ ) cos (30°) = 588.89 (watts). Ans: 588.89
√2 √2
54. A period function f(t), with a period of 2, is represented as its Fourier series,
If f(t) = a0 + ∑ 
n = 1 a n cos nt + ∑n = 1 bn sin nt

A sin t, 0 ≤ t ≤ π
f(t) = {
0, π < t < 2 π
the Fourier series coefficients a1 and b1 of f(t) are
A
(A) a1 = 0 ; b1 =
2
A
(B) a1 = 0 ; b1 =

A
(C) a1 = ; b1 = 0

A
(D) a1 = 2
; b1 = 0

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/30

 A sint, 0 ≤ t ≤ π
Sol. Given f(t) = {
0; π < t < 2π
1 2π
an =
π
∫0 f(t) cos nt dt
1 2π
 a1 = π ∫0 f(t) cos t dt
1 π 2π
= π [∫0 A sin t . cos t dt + ∫π 0 cos t dt]
1 πA
= π [∫0 (sin 2t)dt + 0]
2
A −cos2t π
= 2π [ 2
]
0
A −cos2 – cos 0
= [ − ( )]
2π 2 2
A −1 1
= 2π [ 2 − 2]
a1 = 0
1 2π
And bn = π ∫0 f(t) sin nt dt
1 2π
 b1 = ∫ f(t) sin t dt
π 0
1 π 2π
= π [∫0 A sin t . sin t dt + ∫π 0. sin t dt]
1 πA
= [∫0 (1 − cos 2t)dt]
π 2
A π
= ∫0 (1 − cos 2t)dt
2π
A sin2t π
= 2π [t − 2 0
]
A sin 2π sin 0
= [(π − ) − (0 − )]
2π 2 2
A
 b1 = 2
Choice (A)

55. In the circuit shown below, X and Y are inputs, and Z is a digital output. The equivalent circuit
is a

(A) XNOR gate

(B) NOR gate
(C) NAND gate
(D) XOR gate
Sol.

Z=xy

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/31

 XOR gate Choice (D)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – EE/32