Israelis and Palestinians Depth Study Work Part II

Suez War of 1956

Why did Nasser nationalize the Suez Canal?

Nasser wanted to improve the egypts economy so he takeover the suez canal and
nationalize it to earn more resources and build the Aswan dam

What were the details of the secret plan between Israel and Britain and France?

Israel will invade the Sinai peninsular, Britain will call for Egypt and Israel forces to
withdraw, Britain and france will then launch a police action , (invade suez )to stop
the fighting

Describe the events of the Suez War.

-1956 Nasser nationalize de suez canal

-22-24 October britain and france agreed to invade the suez canal
-december, Israel deployed troops into Sinai
26 december, Anglo French troops withdraw

What two factors explain Israel’s success in the Suez war?

The surprise factor was significant in the operation in less than 24 hours

The anglo French air forces force to stop Egypt from deploying forces, Israel was
able to invade the land.

What did Israel gain from the Suez War?

Israel rearmed itself and supply with the USA, Britain and French army, Aircrafts,
ships, arms

What did Egypt gain from the Suez War?

Egypt aswell tried to supply itself, but they empowered relations with the USSR they
worked together developing military forces.
Who do you consider gained more from the Suez War? Why?

The real winners were Egypt and Israel, even if they were countries not developed
compared to Britain and france they were capable to stop their tirany, also the
received more incomes to develop its country, Britain and france were seen as the
Bad guys. The international community was in doubt

Six Days War of 1967

What events helped provoke war in 1967? (Bottom of page 172 and timeline on top
of page 173)

Because of past clashes between Syria and Israel, Israel feared a proximal war, also
Egypt and Syria signed a mutual defense agreement, fearing this. Israel impatent
and scared attack by air the air space of Syria Egypt and jordania.

Who do you think was more responsible for the start of war in 1967? Why?

Israel, there was a lot of tension between nations, but anyways isarel should have
acted when its necessary, I mean, the other nations were only making alliances
between them and improving their conditions, Israel feared the could destroy Israel.
So they took desperate measures and led the war happen.

Describe the events of the 1967 war.

Israel attacked first on une 5 israel bombed and destroyed arab states air forces,
Jordan joined war and the Israeli forces easily defeated by the arab states. Israel
occupied west bank, gaza Sinai peninsula and the Golan heights
The ware made Israel thought that could win proximal wars

What territories did Israel gain by the end of the war?

west bank, gaza Sinai peninsula and the Golan heights
What was the consequence of the war for Israel’s population?

They had to receive over one million Palestinian arabs

What did UNO Resolution 242 say about the territories Israel gained? (Source 12
page 373)

States that its unacceptable to acquire territory by force and calls Israel to leave the
territories occupied and for all the states in the region to recognize each others right
to exist sovereignity

What factors help explain the Israeli victory in 1967?

The airstrike was crucial in the victory considering that Arab states military forces
were highly developed destroying the before war led the Arab nations ground forces
out of the game, even thought the Israeli forces were well organized.

Yom Kippur War of 1973

What were Sadat’s and Assad’s main motivations in attacking Israel in 1973?
Both wanted to reclaim lost territories in 1967

Why was the attack during Yom Kippur significant?

Because as a national holiday many military forces were on leave

Describe how the Arabs were successful at the start of the war.

The Egyptians regained the suez territory and the Syrians got success on the Golan
heights

Describe how the Israelis were successful in their counterattack.

They managed to regain the Golan heights territory within a few days, USA will
support Israel forces until it reclaim all the lost territory

Even though they were defeated, what did the Arab states achieve with the war?
The surprise attack highlighted the Israeli weak points
Oil embargo proved to be a powerful weapon against wester powers
Closer relations between USA and Egypt
Israel understood that ther will not be peace without any diplomatic slution

Superpowers

Describe US-Israeli relations and US support for Israel before 1960.

USA- was the first to recognize Israel as a nation.

Israel supported USA during the Korean war
Usa gaved economic support to ISRAEL

What explains the increase of US support for Israel during the 1960s?

They gave an amazing quantity of military loans to the Israeli forces

USA was pro Israeli so usa would defend Israeli gains won in 1967 also Israel
committed an attack to us but usa covered it

How significant was US support during the Yom Kippur War?

Was highly crucial, usa gave military technology to Israeli and keep the victory on
Israeli hands

Describe USSR-Israeli relations before 1955.

They were good USSR waned to reduce british empowerement of the region and
Israel was a good way to achieve it but by 1955 during the cold war other allies led
to USSR preference above israel

What factors explain increasing USSR support for Egypt and the other Arab states
after 1955?
Americas refusal to supply some arab nations led the USSR good relations between
arab states the Aswan Dam was another interest of the USSR
How significant were USSR arms sales to Egypt before the Yom Kippur War?

The ussr covered all the military lost during 1967 also helped developing an
antiaircraft system. Also the provided the arab states a large amount of military
resources

Significance of Oil

What did OPEC do during the 1967 Six Day War?

They implemented a complete embargo oil

What impact did the use of the “oil weapon” have on the US?
Oil prices increased to 11$ the barrel it caused a laboral crisis

Did the use of the “oil weapon” actually have a significant impact on US policy?
No tit did not.