DADU DISTRICT

Dadu District (Sindhi: ‫)دادو‬, (Urdu: ‫ )دادو‬is a district of Sindh Province, Pakistan. Dadu District was created in
1931 by merging Kotri and Mahal Kohistan (later Jamshoro) tehsils from Karachi District and Mehar,
Khairpur Nathan Shah, Dadu, Johi and Sehwan tehsils from Larkana District.[2] IN 2004, several talukas in the
south were split off to create the new Jamshoro District.[3]
The populace of the district (in accordance to a 2015 population report) is 3,214,765. The rural and urban
population of the district contains 75 percent and 25 percent of the complete population respectively. The place of
district is 7,866 km² categorized in 7 talukas yielding population density of 40.87 individuals per km². The average
household size of the Dadu is 5.6 persons and 6.2 in urban places. More than 74 percent of the housing units in
this District are single room houses. The average yearly rainfall in the district is over 120 millimeters. The total
forested place is 217,000 hectares yielding firewood and timber.
In the year 2004 another district known as Jamshoro was carved out of the previous Sehwan Sub-Division of Dadu
District: which contained the following talukas: Kotri, Sehwan and Jamshoro.

Tribes and clans of Dadu

The majority of the population is Muslims that primarily contains Sindhi and Baloch tribes.

Demographics
Following are the demographic indicators of the district as per the year of 1998 census of Pakistan (involving
Jamshoro District which was a part of Dadu at the period):

Religion

 Islam: 97.49 percent

 Christianity: 0.37 percent
 Hinduism: 2.05 percent
 Ahmaddiya: 0.08 percent
 Others: 0.02 percent

Languages

 Sindhi: 98.60 percent

 Brahui: 0.30 percent
 Saraiki:0.25 percent
 Baluchi:0.50 percent
 Urdu: 0.20 percent
 Others language :0.15 percent
Administrative divisions

The district is sub-categorized into 5 talukas, which are sub-categorized into 52 Union Councils:

 Johi
 Dadu City
 Khairpur Nathan Shah
 Dadu (rural)
 Mehar

Places of interest

 Manchar Lake – Greatest lake in Pakistan and one of the largest lakes in Asia
 Gorakh Hill – 1st hillstation in Sindh

Deferred expense:
A deferred expense is a cost that has already been incurred, but which has not yet been consumed. The cost is
recorded as an asset until such time as the underlying goods or services are consumed; at that point, the cost is
charged to expense. A deferred expense is an asset that represents a prepayment of future expenses that have not
yet been incurred. Oftentimes an expense is not recognized at the same time it is paid. This difference requires a
business to record either an asset or liability on its balance sheet to reflect this difference in timing.

Deferred tax asset:

Deferred tax asset is an accounting term that refers to a situation where a business has overpaid taxes or taxes paid
in advance on its balance sheet. These taxes are eventually returned to the business in the form of tax relief, and the
over-payment is, therefore, an asset for the company.
A Deferred Tax Asset is an asset on a company's balance sheet that may be used to reduce taxable income. It is the
opposite of a deferred tax liability, which describes something that will increase income tax. Both are found on the
balance sheet under Current Assets

DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY

A deferred tax liability is an account on a company's balance sheet that is a result of temporary differences between
the company's accounting and tax carrying values, the anticipated and enacted income tax rate, and estimated taxes
payable for the current year. A deferred income tax is a liability recorded on the balance sheet that results from a
difference in income recognition between tax laws and accounting methods. For this reason, the income tax payable
for a company may not equate to the total tax expense reported.

Expected Error
In a different sense, the expected erroris the part of an estimate that's not its expectedvalue. Expected Error:
The expected difference between an expected value and an actual value.
What is the difference between the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund?
A: The primary difference between the International Monetary Fund, or IMF, and the World Bank lies in their
respective purposes and functions. The IMF exists primarily to stabilize exchange rates, while the World
Bank's goal is to reduce poverty. ... The loans offered by the IMF, however, are loaded with conditions.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an organization of 188 countries, working to foster
global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment
and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.

diff between contract and agreement?

An agreement is any understanding or arrangement reached between two or more parties. An agreement usually
lacks one or more of the essential elements that are required to be present in order to form a valid contract that will
be considered legally enforceable by a court of law. An agreement is a form of cross reference between different
parties, which may be written, oral and lies upon the honor of the parties for its fulfillment rather than being in any
way enforceable. All contracts are agreement because there must be mutual understanding between two parties for a
contract to be formed.
A contract is a specific type of agreement that, by its terms and elements, is legally binding and enforceable in a
court of law. All agreements are not contracts but all contracts are agreements
Contracts outline the terms of the relationship that should be formed between the two parties to the contract
Most contracts only need to contain two elements to be legally valid: All parties must be in agreement (after an
offer has been made by one party and accepted by the other). Something of value must be exchanged -- such as cash,
services, or goods (or a promise to exchange such an item) -- for something else of value.

How does a withholding tax work?

There are two ways to pay as you go. If you are an employee, your employer probably withholds income tax from
your pay. Tax may also be withheld from certain other income — including pensions, bonuses, commissions, and
gambling winnings. In each case, the amount withheld is paid to the IRS in your name.

What is Forex?
Forex, also known as foreign exchange, FX or currency trading, is a decentralized global market where all the
world's currencies trade.
The foreign exchange market (forex, FX, or currency market) is a global decentralized market for the trading of
currencies. This includes all aspects of buying, selling and exchanging currencies at current or determined prices.
The foreign exchange market is the market in which participants are able to buy, sell, exchange and speculate on
currencies. Foreign exchange markets are made up of banks, commercial companies, central banks, investment
management firms, hedge funds, and retail forex brokers and investors.

What is 'M1'
M1 is a metric for the money supply of a country and includes physical money — both paper and coin — as well
as checking accounts, demand deposits and negotiable order of withdrawal (NOW) accounts. The most liquid
portions of the money supply are measured by M1 because it contains currency and assets that can be converted to
cash quickly. "Near money" and "near, near money," which fall under M2 and M3, cannot be converted to currency
as quickly.

What is 'M2'
M2 is a measure of the money supply that includes all elements of M1 as well as "near money." M1 includes cash
and checking deposits, while near money refers to savings deposits, money market securities, mutual funds and
other time deposits. These assets are less liquid than M1 and not as suitable as exchange mediums, but they can be
quickly converted into cash or checking deposits.

What is 'M3'
M3 is a measure of the money supply that includes M2 as well as large time deposits, institutional money market
funds, short-term repurchase agreements and other larger liquid assets. The M3 measurement includes assets that are
less liquid than other components of the money supply and are referred to as "near, near money," which are more
closely related to the finances of larger financial institutions and corporations than to those of small businesses and
individuals.

M3 is a measure of the money supply that includes M2 as well as large time deposits, institutional money market
funds, short-term repurchase agreements and other larger liquid assets.

what is information system

An information system (IS) is an organized systemfor the collection, organization, storage and communication
of information. More specifically, it is the study of complementary networks that people and organizations use to
collect, filter, process, create and distribute data. A management information system (MIS) is a computerized
database of financialinformation organized and programmed in such a way that it produces regular reports on
operations for every level of management in a company. It is usually also possible to obtain special reports from
the system easily.

What is a sunk cost in accounting?

A sunk cost is a cost that an entity has incurred, and which it can no longer recover by any means. Sunk costs should
not be considered when making the decision to continue investing in an ongoing project, since you cannot recover
the cost. Sunk costs are expenses which cannot be recovered once they have been incurred. An example of sunk cost
would be advertising expenses -- once a company pays for such an expense, there is no way undo it. Decision theory
suggests that sunk costs should not be taken into account while making a decision.

Salvage value is the estimated resale value of an asset at the end of its useful life. Salvage value is subtracted from
the cost of a fixed asset to determine the amount of the asset cost that will be depreciated. Thus, salvage value is
used as a component of the depreciation calculation. Salvage value is the estimated value that the owner is paid
when the item is sold at the end of its useful life. The value is used to determine annual depreciation in the
accounting records, and salvage value is used to calculate depreciation expense on the tax return.

What is a variance in a budget?

A budget variance is the difference between the budgeted or baseline amount of expense or revenue, and the actual
amount. The budget variance is favorable when the actual revenue is higher than the budget or when the actual
expense is less than the budget.
Variance analysis, in budgeting (or management accounting in general), is a tool of budgetary control by evaluation
of performance by means of variances between budgeted amount, planned amount or standard amount and the actual
amount incurred/sold. Variance analysis can be carried out for both costs and revenues.

Business economics
Business economics is a field in applied economics which uses economic theory and quantitative methods to analyze
business enterprises and the factors contributing to the diversity of organizational structures and the relationships of
firms with labour, capital and product markets.

letter of credit
a letter issued by a bank to another bank (especially one in a different country) to serve as a guarantee for payments
made to a specified person under specified conditions.
A letter of credit is a document issued by a third party that guarantees payment for goods or services when the seller
provides acceptable documentation. Letters of credit are usually issued by banks or other financial institutions, but
some creditworthy financial services companies, like insurance companies or mutual funds, might issue letters of
credit under certain circumstances.

A letter of credit generally has three participants. First, there is the beneficiary, the person or company who will be
paid. Next, there is the buyer or applicant of the goods or services. This is the one who needs the letter of credit.
Finally, there is the issuing bank, the institution issuing the letter of credit. In addition, the beneficiary may request
payment to an advising bank, which is a bank where the beneficiary is a client, rather than directly to the beneficiary.
This might be done, for example, if the advising bank financed the transaction for the beneficiary until payment was
received.

what is Rent theory

The rent theory is a geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand for real estate change as
the distance from the central business district (CBD) increases. It states that different land users will compete with
one another for land close to the city centre.

Definition of mini-budget
An extra budget prepared by a government, usually because there are specific economic problems that need to be
dealt with

sinking fund
a fund formed by periodically setting aside money for the gradual repayment of a debt or replacement of a wasting
asset. In modern finance, a sinking fund is a method by which an organization sets aside money over time to retire
its indebtedness. More specifically, it is a fund into which money can be deposited, so that over time preferred stock,
debentures or stocks can be retired.

Fictitious assets
The purpose of creating a fictitious asset is to account for expenses (such as those incurred in starting a
business) that cannot be placed under any normal account heading. Fictitious assets are written off as soon as
possible against the firm's earnings. Preliminary expenses are the expenses that the company incurs prior to the
incorporation of the company. Examples would be expense incurred by founders to incorporate the company,
develop the logo, register company name, etc. You could call these pre existence expenses.

law of Diminishing marginal utility

The law of diminishing marginal utility states that marginal utility declines as consumption increases. Because
demand price depends on the marginal utility obtained from a good, price also declines as consumption increases,
meaning price and quantity demanded are inversely related, which is the law of demand.
The law of diminishing marginal utility is a law of economics stating that as a person increases consumption of a
product while keeping consumption of other products constant, there is a decline in the marginal utility that person
derives from consuming each additional unit of that product.

A Money Bill means a Public Bill which in the opinion of the Speaker of the House of Commons contains only
provisions dealing with all or any of the following subjects, namely, the imposition, repeal, remission, alteration, or
regulation of taxation; the imposition for the payment of debt or other financial purposes of ...
A bill deemed to be money bill if it contains “only provisions dealing with imposition, abolition, remission, alteration
or regulation of any tax”. An Ordinary Bill can be introduced in any of the Houses of Parliament while money
bill can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha

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BILL OF LADING