Plagiarism – act of using someone’s work without giving Main Characteristics:

credit
Permanency - learning materials are always available
Sources Not Cited
Accessibility - access from everywhere
1. Ghost Writer - turns in another’s work, word-
Immediacy – immediate access to learning materials
for-word, as his or her own
2. Photocopy - copies significant portions of text Interactivity – online collaboration
straight from a single source, without alteration
Situated instructional activities – learning in context
3. Potluck Paper- copying from several different
sources, tweaking the sentences to make them Adaptability – getting the right info
fit together
Massive Open Online Course - online course that offers
4. Poor Disguise - altered the paper’s appearance
open access via the Internet for free or at a low cost
slightly
5. Labor of Laziness - paraphrase most of the Wearable Technology
paper from other sources and make it all fit
• Google glass
together
• Fitbit Charge 2
6. Self-Stealer - “borrows” generously from his or
• iPhone watch
her previous work
• Microsoft HoloLens
Sources Cited • HTC Vive VR Headset

1. Forgotten Footnote - neglects to include 3D Environment

specific information on the location of the
• 3D printer
material referenced
2. Misinformer - provides inaccurate information Prototype - original model on which something is
regarding the sources patterned
3. Too-Perfect Paraphrase - neglects to put in
Design thinking process
quotation marks text that has been copied
1. Empathize
4. Resourceful Writer - paper contains almost no
2. Define
original work
3. Ideate
5. Perfect Crime - paraphrase other arguments
4. Prototype
from those sources without citation
5. Test
Mind Map - graphical technique for visualizing
People Media - persons involved in the use, analysis,
connections between several ideas or pieces of
evaluation and production of media and information
information
People as Media - well-oriented to media sources and
Issues Using Unguarded Internet
messages; media users
1. Citizen Journalism
• Opinion leaders - source of viable interpretation
2. Internet as Tourism Support
of messages for lower-end media users
3. Phishing - attempt to acquire personal
• Citizen journalism - people without professional
information such as usernames and passwords
journalism training that use modern technology
4. Human Trafficking - trade of humans for the
and the Internet to create, augment or fact-
purpose of forced labor, sexual slavery or sexual
check media
exploitation for the traffickers
• Social journalism - journalists using social media
Blended learning - student-centered approach that to make their content available to more people
integrates learning experiences in online and face-to- • Crowdsourcing - obtaining needed services,
face environments ideas, or content by soliciting contributions
from a large group of people
Ubiquitous learning - learning at any time, at any place
People in Media - coming from their expert knowledge
or first- hand experience of event; media practitioners
Visual Media
• Print Journalists
• Photojournalists
• Broadcast Journalists
• Multimedia Journalist
Design Principles and Elements
• Emphasis - importance or value given to a part
• Appropriateness - how fitting or suitable the
text is
• Proximity - how near or how far Image Format
• Alignment - how the text is positioned
• Organization - conscious effort to organize the
text elements
• Repetition – consistency, unity
• Contrast – creates visual interest; two elements
are different from each other
Tracking – space between words
Kerning – letter spacing
Elements of Visual Design
Text - simple and flexible format of presenting
information or conveying ideas whether hand-written,
printed or displayed on-screen
Typeface - representation or style; design; what you see
1. Serif – connotes formality and readability;
classic and elegant
a. -Times New Roman, Garamond,
Baskerville
2. Sans Serif – have blunt endings to strokes; for
Visual Design Principles
clear and direct meaning; modern, clean, and
minimalist look
a. -Arial, Helvetica, Tahoma, Verdana,
Calibri
3. Slab Serif – carries a solid or heavy look
a. -Rockwell, Playbill, Blackoak
4. Script – brush-like strokes; visual styling of
calligraphy; formal events
a. -Edwardian, Vladimir, Kunstler
5. Decorative – emotions or themes
a. -Chiller, Jokerman, Curlz MT
Font – the one that you use; variations
Visual Information
• Facilitate retention
 Photography
 Video
 Screenshots
 Infographics
 Data Visualization (charts and graphs)
 Comic Strips/Cartoons
 Memes
 Visual Note-Taking
1. Jpeg – most web friendly; small size
2. Gif – animation effects and clip art
3. Tiff – for print; CMYK, YcbCr; stores high pixel
intensity
4. Png – logos and line art; web graphics; retain
image quality; transparency
5. Bmp – large and uncompressed files; raster or
paint images
1. Line – describes shape or outline; creates
texture
2. Shape – geometric, organic, or abstract area
3. Value – degree of light and dark
4. Texture – way a surface feels
5. Color – used for emphasis and emotions
6. Form – can be viewed from any angle; shape in
3D
• Consistency - necessary, especially in slide
presentations or documents that are more than
one page
• Center of interest - area that first attracts
attention in a composition
• Balance - visual equality; symmetrical,
asymmetrical, or radial
• Harmony - brings together a composition with
similar units; unity
• Contrast - offers some change in value
• Directional movement – visual flow or motion
• Rhythm - movement in which some elements
recur regularly

• Gain attention
• Create meaning
 • Perspective - arrangement of objects in two
dimensional space to look like they appear in
real life
• Dominance - gives interest, counteracting
confusion and monotony
Hearing - perceiving sound by the ear
Listening - requires concentration; leads to learning
Audio - sound
Audio media - media communication that uses audio
or recordings
Types of Audio Information
1. Radio broadcast - live or recorded audio sent
through radio waves to reach a wide audience
2. Music - vocal or instrumental sounds combined
in such a way as to produce beauty of form,
harmony, and expression of emotion
3. Sound recording - recording of an interview,
meeting, or any sound from the environment
4. Sound clips/effects - any sound artificially
reproduced to create an effect in a dramatic
presentation
5. Audio podcast - digital audio or video file or
recording, usually part of a themed series that
can be downloaded
Ways to Store Information
• Tape
• CD
• USB drive
• Memory card
• Computer hard drive – secondary storage
• Internet or cloud
Audio File Format
1. Mp3 (Mpeg Audio Layer 3) - common format
for consumer audio and standard digital audio
2. M4a/aac (MPEG4 Audio/Advanced Audio
Coding) - audio coding standard for lossy
digital audio compression; better than mp3
3. Wav - Microsoft audio file format standard for
storing an audio bitstream on PCs; game
sounds
4. Wma (Windows Media Audio) - developed by
Microsoft and used with Windows Media Player
Units of Sound
• Decibel (dB) – noise of sound measurement
o 60 – normal convo
o 90 – lawnmower
o 120 – loud rock concert
• Hertz (Hz) – unit of sound frequency
o 40 – deep bass tone
• Phon – subjective loudness
o 50 - 1 kHz tone with an SPL of 50 dB
Characteristics of Sound
• Volume - intensity
• Tone – audible characteristic
• Pitch – highness or lowness
• Loudness – magnitude
Purpose of Sound
• Give instruction or information.
• Provide feedback.
• To personalize or customize
Elements of Sound Design
• Dialogue – speech, convo, voice-over
• Sound effects – sound other than music or
dialogue
• Music – vocal or instrumental sound combined
Principles of Sound Design
• Mixing - combination, balance and control of
multiple sound elements
• Pace - time control, editing, order of events
• Stereo imaging – left and right channel for
depth
• Transition - how you get from one segment or
element to another
o Segue - one element stops, the next
begins (“cut” in film)
o Cross-fade - one element fades out, the
next fades in, and they overlap on the
way
o V-fade - first element fades to inaudible
before the second elements begins
o Waterfall - As first element fades out, the
second element begins at full volume.
Better for voice transitions, than for effects