1.# shows how many databases are present.

SHOW DATABASES;

2.# how to create database.

CREATE DATABASE <name>;

3.# how to delete database.

DROP DATABASE <name.;

4.# how to select database.

USE <database name>;

5.# how to confirm current database.

SELECT DATABASE();

6.# how to create table.

CREATE TABLE <tablename>

column_name data_type,

column_name data_type

);

7.# how to check tables.

SHOW TABLES;

8.# how to see column.

SHOW COLUMNS FROM <tablename>;

OR

DESC <tablename>;

9.#how to delete table.

DROP TABLE <tablename>;

10.#how to see data inserted.

SELECT * FROM <tablename>;

11.#multiple insert.

INSERT INTO <tablename>( name, age)

VALUES( abc , 11)

, (bcd , 22)

, ( vg , 55);
12.#to check warnings.

SHOW WARNINGS;

13.# how to use not null value.

CREATE TABLE cats2

name VARCHAR(1OO) NOT NULL,

age INT NOT NULL

);

14.# to set default values

CREATE TABLE<tablename>

name VARCHAR( ) DEFAULT ‘unnamed”

Age INT DEFAULT “ “

);

15.# to set default values without allowing null

CREATE TABLE<tablename>

name VARCHAR( ) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘unnamed”

Age INT NOT NULL DEFAULT “ “

);

16.# AN EXAMPLE.

CREATE TABLE <tablename>

Name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘unnamed’

, age INT NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘ ‘

);

# but you are allowed to put NULL in place of NOT NUL.

17.# primary key. ( a unique identifier)

CREATE TABLE <tablename>

A_id INT NOT NULL

, Name VARCHAR(255)

, age INT

, PRIMARY KEY (A_id)

);

OR

CREATE TABLE <tablename>

A_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY

, Name VARCHAR(255)

, age INT

);

18.#Auto increment in primary key.

CREATE TABLE <tablename>

A_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT

, Name VARCHAR(255)

, age INT

, PRIMARY KEY (A_id)

);

CRUD:- CREATE READ UPDATE DELETE

EXAMPLES:-
 1. #Create
CREATE TABLE cats
(
Cat_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT
, name VARCHAR(255)
, breed VARCHAR(255)
, age INT
, PRIMARY KEY (cat_id)
);

2.

INSERT INTO cats ( name , breed , age )

VALUES ( ‘Ringo’ , ‘Tabby’, 4),

(‘Cindy’ , ‘Maine Coon’ , 10),

(‘Dumbledore’, ‘Maine Coon’ , 11),

(‘Egg’ , ‘Persian’ , 4),

(‘Misty’, ‘Tabby’ , 13),

(‘George Michael’, ‘Ragdoll’ , 9),

(‘Jackson’, ‘Sphynx’ ,7);

2. READ

SELECT * FROM <tablename>;

# * means give all the columns from the table.

SELECT name FROM <tabename>;

SELECT age FROM <tablename>;

SELECT name , age FROM <tablename>;

SELECT name , age , id FROM <tablename>;

3. THE “WHERE” CLAUSE.

Example.

SELECT * FROM cats WHERE age= 4;

SELECT * FROM cats WHERE name=”Egg” ; # case doesn’t matter.

SELECT id , age FROM cats WHERE id=age;

Or

SELECT * FROM cats WHERE age=id;

 4. UPDATE command

UPDATE cats SET breed= ‘Shorthair’ WHERE breed= ‘Tabby’ ;

UPDATE cats SET age= 14 WHERE name= ‘Misty’;

UPDATE cats SET age=20 , breed=’New’ WHERE name=’Misty’;

5. DELETE command

DELETE FROM cats WHERE name=’Egg’;

DELETE FROM cats WHERE age =4;

DELETE FROM cats WHERE age =id;

DELETE FROM <tablename>; #deletes whole table