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CHAPTER 6
File Revision Date : 6 September 2019
Previous Years Chapterwise Question Bank
CLASS : 9 th
SUB : Science
For Objective Questions and NCERT Solutions
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Tissues
2. What is the location of stratified squamous epithelium? The process of taking up permanent size, shape and
Also, mention its functions. function of cell is called differentiation.
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Stratified squamous epitheliums are found in the skin.
They are present in layers to prevent wear and tear. 11. Give the types of meristematic tissues.
Ans :
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(i) Intercalary tissue — nodes
3. What is the structure of a neuron? (ii) Apical tissue — tips of shoot and roots
(iii) Lateral tissue — stem sides
Ans :
Building block of a nervous tissue is a neuron. It has a 12. Why does the growth of plants occur only in certain
thread-like structure with axon and cell body. specific regions?
Ans :
4. Mention the types of simple and complex tissues.
Growth of plants occurs only in certain specific region
Ans : because the meristematic tissue is located only at
Simple : (i) Sclerenchyma, (ii) Parenchyma, these points.
(iii) Collenchyma
Complex : (i) Phloem (ii) Xylem 13. Name the tissues which are present in the plants at
the nodes.
5. Where can we find apical meristem? Ans :
Ans : Intercalary tissues.
It is found in the growing tips of roots and stem.
The length of roots and stem is increased due to the 14. Mention the different types of blood cells.
presence of apical meristem. Ans :
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Guard cells are kidney-shaped epidermal cells and a It is very thin non-cellular membrane on which cells
pair of these cells bound each stomata. of epithelial tissue rest. It also separates the epithelial
tissue from the underlying tissues.
17. Which tissue gives flexibility in plants?
Ans : 27. How is ligament different from tendons?
Collenchyma. Ans :
Ligaments are elastic connective tissue which attach
18. Mention the functions of cuboidal epithelium. bone to bone to keep them in their place. Tendons are
Ans : less elastic connective tissues which attach muscles to
a bone.
(i) Absorption
(ii) Excretion
28. What are blood platelets?
(iii) Secretion
(iv) Mechanical support Ans :
Blood platelets are minute (about 2 to 4 μm in
19. What is the use of tissues in multicellular organisms? diameter), anucleated, disc like bodies. The main
Ans : function of platelets is to help in clotting of blood.
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as well as to allow division of labour in multicellular
organisms. 29. What is the function of connective tissue?
Ans :
20. Where is chlorenchyma tissue present?
Connective tissue connects different tissues and
Ans : organs. It provides support to different parts of the
It is present in the centre of stems and roots. If it body by forming packing around different organs of
has chlorophyll then it is called chlorenchyma. It is the body.
present in green leaves.
30. Name the connective tissue that is found between skin
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and muscles.
25. Write the various functions of all types of epithelial 34. Mention the functions of cartilage.
tissues? Ans :
Ans :
(i) Support to the body
Epithelial tissues help in protection, absorption, (ii) Flexibility
excretion, exchange of respiratory gases and secretion. (iii) At joints, smoothens surface
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The cells of meristematic tissue lose the ability to brought about by contraction and relaxation of
divide and get differentiated into specialised cells. contractile proteins present in muscle cells.
These differentiated cells form different types of
tissues which are known as permanent tissues. Some 42. What are the three types of muscle fibres (muscle
examples of permanent tissues are : parenchyma, cells)?
sclerenchyma, etc. Ans :
36. What are areolar tissues’ junctions? These are three types of muscle fibres :
1. Striated muscle (skeletal muscle or voluntary
Ans :
muscle),
Areolar tissues are connective tissue found in animals. 2. Unstriated muscle (smooth muscle or involuntary
We can find them between skin and muscles, around muscle),
blood vessels and nerves, in bone marrow. These 3. Cardiac muscle.
tissues fill the space inside the organs. They support
internal organs and help to repair tissues. 43. Write the characteristics of collenchyma.
Ans :
37. What are the four important types of tissues found
in animal? The cells in this type of tissue are living, elongated
and thickened with cellulose at the corners. There
Ans : is very little intercellular space. This tissue provides
The four animal tissues are : flexibility and mechanical support to plants. This
(i) Epithelial tissues, tissue is found in hypodermis of stems and leaf stalks.
(ii) Connective tissues,
(iii) Muscular tissues, and 44. Describe the structure of sclerenchyma. Write its
(iv) Nervous tissue. major functions.
Ans :
38. What is the main function of vascular tissue in plants?
Sclerenchyma is the chief mechanical tissue of plants.
Ans : The cells of this tissue are usually long, narrow and
Vascular tissue transport : pointed at both ends. Due to deposition of lignin their
(i) Water and dissolved minerals from roots to walls are often very highly thickened hence the lumen
various parts of the plant (xylem). or cell cavity is nearly obliterated. They are usually
(ii) Prepare food material from leaves to different provided with simple pits which may be oblique or
plant parts (phloem). straight. It provides strength to the plant parts.
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47. What is the .structure of a neuron? 51. Name the following tissues.
Ans : (i) Which tissue covers the external surface in
animals?
A neuron has a cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm. (ii) Which tissue stores fat in animals?
A long and thin hair-like structure arises from the (iii) Which tissue joins bone to bone?
body. Every neuron has one long part known as the (iv) Which tissue divides and re-divides and responsible
axon, and many short and small branched structures for growth in plants?
known as dendrite. A single nerve cell is known as
Ans :
neuron and length of some neuron may be even a
metre. (i) Epithelial tissue
(ii) Adipose tissue
(iii) Ligament
(iv) Meristematic tissue
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Blood Bone
60. What are the four main functions of epithelial tissue?
Liquid tissue Hard tissue Ans :
Helps to transport Helps in the movement The main functions of epithelial tissue are :
substances and support our body 1. It forms the outer layer of skin and hence it
It has RBCs, WBCs, It has osteocytes. protects the underlying cells from drying, injury,
plasma and blood bacterial and chemical effects.
platelets. 2. It forms lining of mouth, alimentary canal and
other internal organs and thus protects these
organs.
57. Blood is called the connective tissue. Give reason. 3. It helps in absorption of water and other nutrients
Ans : in alimentary canal.
Blood is made up of cells and plasma (fluid). Red Some of them are greatly specialized and perform
blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are also secretory function.
present in blood. Plasma collects all these cells. Blood
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transports water and foods to various parts of our
body and connects them.
61. What are characteristic structural features of
meristematic cells?
58. Differentiate between collenchyma, parenchyma and
sclerenchyma. Ans :
Ans : Meristematic cells have :
1. Thin cell walls.
Collenchyma Parenchyma Sclerenchyma 2. Abundant or dense cytoplasm and single large
nucleus.
Cells are living. Cells are living. Cells are dead. 3. Spherical, oval, polygonal or rectangular shape.
They are They are They are 4. No intercellular spaces between them.
elongated. spherical, oval narrow and 5. Either no vacuoles at all or few vacuoles.
or polygonal. long.
62. List any four salient features of meristematic tissue?
They are thick They are thin They have
at corners. walled. a thick wall Ans :
because (i) This tissue consists of actively dividing cells.
of lignin (ii) This tissue is present in growing regions of plants.
deposition. (iii) In this tissue, cells are packed closely without
They have very They have large They do intercellular spaces.
less intercellular intercellular not have (iv) Cells of this tissue have thin cell walls, dense
space space. intercellular cytoplasm and prominent nuclei.
space.
63. There was a paralytic patient, who cannot walk.
(i) Which tissues are responsible for the movement of
59. What are the different types of meristematic tissue? the body?
Also, mention their functions. Draw a diagram of the (ii) Which tissues are present in spine and brain?
tissue to show its location. Ans :
Ans :
(i) Muscular and nervous tissues are responsible for
There are three types of meristematic tissues which the movement of the body.
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(ii) Nervous tissues are present in spine and brain. Plant tissue is mainly divided into two categories :
• Meristematic tissue
• Permanent tissue
FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS Meristematic tissue : The cells divide very fast. It
helps in the growth of the plants. The shape of the cell
is oval, round and polygonal. There is no intercellular
space. There are three types of meristematic tissues :
64. Explain the structure of a nervous tissue with details (i) Apical meristem : Growth in length
about its location and function. (ii) Lateral meristem : Growth in breadth or thickness
Ans : (iii) Intercalary meristem : Growth in inter-nodes
Structure : It consists of nerve cells joined end to Permanent tissue : When meristematic tissue stops
end. A nerve cell has a cell body with cytoplasm and dividing and gets mature, then it forms permanent
nucleus. From that, long and thin hair like structure tissue. There are two types of permanent tissues :
arise. Every neuron has one long part known as the (i) Simple tissue
axon, and many short and small branched structures (ii) Complex tissue
known as dendrite. A single nerve cell is known as a (i) Simple Tissue : Simple tissues are same in
neuron and sometimes may even be a metre long. structure and perform the same functions. There
are three types of simple tissues :
(a) Parenchyma : It is present in soft parts.
(b) Collenchyma : It provides mechanical strength
to plants and is found in stalks.
(c) Sclerenchyma : It provides support as well as
flexibility to plants.
(ii) Complex Tissue : They are different in structure
but perform the same function in group. There
are two types of complex tissues :
(a) Xylem : It transports water from roots to
shoot in plants.
(b) Phloem : Transports foods to all parts of the
plant.
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found in our ear, nose, trachea and larynx. tubes, phloem parenchyma, companion cells and
intermediary cells.
68. Explain epidermis in plants. Above given both complex tissues are conductive
Ans : tissues and form the vascular bundle.
These cells are capable They attain permanent Collenchyma cells may They do not contain
of dividing to _produce shape and are not contain chlorophyll and chlorophyll in any
new cells. capable of producing can also help in the condition as they are
new cells. manufacture of starch dead cells.
and sugar.
74. How many types of meristems are present in plants,
on the basis of position? 77. Describe the structure of phloem.
Ans : Ans :
On the basis of location of meristem, it is classified Structure of phloem : The main conducting part of
into three types : the phloem is sieve tube which is formed of elongated
1. Apical meristem is present at the tip of stem, cylindrical cells arranged in vertical rows. The walls
roots and their branches. between the cells have many minute pores through
2. Intercalary meristem is found at the leaf base, which food material can pass from one cell to the
above the nodes (i.e. at the base of internodes next. The porous walls between the cells is termed
as in grasses) or below the nodes (i.e. at the as sieve plate. Each sieve tube member is supported
uppermost region of internode as in mint). by a long parenchymatous cell called companion cell
3. Lateral meristem which helps the sieve tubes in the conduction of food
4. Vascular cambium and cork cambium are the material. Phloem also contains phloem fibres, which
examples of lateral meristem. provide support. Another component of phloem is
5. Vascular cambium is found in vascular bundles parenchyma cells which stores food.
while cork cambium is found underneath the bark
of trees. Both of these cause increase in girth of 78. Differentiate between chlorenchyma and arenchyma.
plants. Ans :
75. Differentiate between parenchyma and collenchyma. Difference between chlorenchyma and arenchyma :
Ans : Chlorenchyma Arenchyma
Difference between parenchyma and collenchvma : Parenchyma which Parenchyma which
contains chlorophyll is has large air cavities is
Parenchyma Collenchyma
called chlorenchyma. called aerenchyma.
It is living and mainly It is living and mainly
Chlorenchyma is found Aerenchyma is found in
storage tissue. provides tensile strength
in green parts, especially aquatic plants.
to stem and leaf stalk.
leaves of plants.
Parenchymatous cells Collenchymatous
They perform They give buoyancy to
have large intercellular cells have very little
photosynthesis. the plants to help them
spaces. Their walls do intercellular spaces.
float.
not have thickening at They have thickening at
the corners. corners of cell walls.
79. What is xylem? Explain its structure. Which one of
its component is very important and why?
76. Differentiate between collenchyma and sclerenchyma.
Ans :
Ans :
Xylem is a complex plant tissue which transports
Difference between collenchyma and sclerenchyma :
water and dissolved minerals from roots to all other
Collenchyma Sclerenchyma plant parts.
Structure : Xylem consists of four kinds of cells (also
The cells of The cells are dead. known as elements).
collenchymas are living They do not have the Tracheids : A tracheid is an elongated, hollow cell
and have the cytoplasm cytoplasm and the with its both ends tapering. The walls of these cells
and the nucleus. nucleus. are thick by the deposition of lignin. At certain spots
The collenchyma cells The sclerenchymatous lignin is not present. These spots are termed as pits.
have thickening of cells have thickening of The tracheids are dead cells.
cellulose at the corners. lignin. Vessels : These are tube-like structures formed by a
number of cells placed end to end with their transverse
They provide mechanical They mainly provide
walls dissolved. The side walls of these tubes also have
support and elasticity to mechanical support and
deposition of lignin. The thickening of the walls show
the plant parts. stiffness to plants or
various kinds of patterns. They are also dead cells.
their parts.
Xylem Parenchyma : They are prenchymatous, thin
walled, living cells. They help in lateral conduction of
water and sap. They also store food.
Xylem Fibres : They are lignified dead fibres which
provide mechanical support to plant.
The most important element of xylem is vessel because
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most of the water and minerals are carried upward 81. What are three main categories of connective tissue?
through this component of xylem. Ans :
Categories of connective tissue are :
80. Differentiate between :
Connective tissue proper : There is a matrix in which
(i) Xylem and phloem
generally two types of (white and yellow) fibres are
(ii) Vessel and sieve tube
present. In between these fibres some connective tissue
(iii) Tracheid and vessel
cells are present. Example of this kind of connective
Ans : tissues are aerolar tissue and adipose tissue.
(i) Xylem and phloem Skeletal tissue : This type of tissues form the skeleton
of an organism. It is of two types : Cartilage and bone.
Xylem Phloem a. Cartilage has solid matrix called chondrin, in
It consists of tracheids, It consists of sieve which fibres and cells known as chondrocytes are
vessels, xylem tubes, companion cells, present. Usually cells are present in clusters of 2-3
parenchyma and xylem phloem parenchyma and cells in small spaces called lacunae. Cartilage is
fibres. phloem fibres. found in the regions of pinna, nose, trachea and
larynx.
Three components Three components b. In bones, matrix is formed of a protein called ossein
except xylem except phloem fibres are impregnated with phosphate and carbonates of
parenchyma are dead. living. calcium and magnesium.
It transports water and It transports prepared Fluid tissue : Blood and lymph are examples of fluid
minerals from roots to food from leaves to the connective tissues. These are specialized connective
other parts of the plant. other plants. tissues. It consists of liquid matrix with no fibres.
In liquid matrix called plasma corpuscles remain
(ii) Vessel and sieve tube
suspended. Blood transports food material, gases and
Vessel Sieve tube other substances to the various parts of the body.
It is tabular system It is a tabular structure 82. Write main characteristic features of skeletal, smooth
made up of a number of made up of a number and cardiac muscles.
dead cells with hollow of living cells with or
lumen. vacuolated cytoplasm. Differentiate between striated, unstriated and cardiac
Vessel conducts water Sieve tube conducts muscle fibres. Give three points of difference.
and minerals. organic nutrients. Ans :
The wall is lignified. The wall is not lignified. Character S k e l e t a l S m o o t h C a r d i a c
( s t r i a t e d muscles muscles
The wall is thick. The wall is thin. muscles)
The end walls dissolve The end walls are 1. Shape of Cells are long Cells are long Cells are non-
completely. perforated to form sieves cell cylindrical, non- with tapering tapering,
tapering and ends (spindle cylindrical and
plate. unbranched. shape) and branched.
unbranched.
Besides conduction of It does not provide any
2. Nucleus Many nuclei The cells Each cell
sap, a vessel provides mechanical strength. (multinucleated) have only contains one
mechanical strength. which are one nucleus or two nuclei
situated towards (uninucleated) situated in the
(iii) Tracheids and vessel the periphery of situated in the centre.
muscle fibre. centre.
Tracheids Vessel 3. Striations Tr a n s ve r s e Striations are Cells have faint
alternate light absent. striations.
A vessel consists of a A tracheid consists of a and dark bands
large numbers of cells single cell. (striations) are
present.
fused together in a
4. Mode of Voluntary The control Involuntary
single life. contraction (work upon our of involuntary t h e y
will), contract muscle is not r hy t h m i c a l l y
The ends are blunt. The ends are pointed. rapidly but soon under our c o n t r a c t
undergo fatigue. will. Contract and relax
The walls between The walls between comparatively throughout life
adjacent cells of a vessel adjacent tracheids slow but do not without fatigue
are usually absent. remain intact. fatigue. under normal
conditions.
The vessel is quite long The tracheid is 5. Location Hands, legs. Wall of Present in
(about 10 cm). comparatively short s t o m a c h , heart.
intestine,
(generally 1 mm). ureter, bronchi,
etc.
The wall is less The wall is more
thickened. thickened.
83. Explain the structure of a fluid connective tissue.
The lumen is wide. The lumen is narrow.
Ans :
Blood is a fluid connective tissue. Blood consists of :
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4. They mainly contain They are dead cells NO NEED TO PURCHASE ANY BOOKS
chlorophyll and and do not contain For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at
can also help in the chlorophyll. www.cbse.online for
manufacture of starch 1. Previous 15 Years Exams Chapter-wise Question
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1. These are dead These are dead
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2. They give mechanical They provide local
support to plants to mechanical needs.
withstand various They provide firmness
strains. and hardness to the
plant part, e.g. shell
of nuts.
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