Combination of Forces:

Lecture 7
Net Force
Centripetal Motion

http://web.njit.edu/~sirenko/
F net = F1 + F2
F net = ma
Physics 105; Fall 2009
Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 1 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 2

Uniform Circular Motion Net Force and Centripetal Force

Centripetal Force
Centripetal acceleration Top view:

Period

Centripetal force : F = ma

Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 3 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 4

 Centripetal Force is a Centripetal Force and
combination of: Tension Force:
¾ Gravitational Force: mg
d
down to the
h ground
d

ma = T
Tension Force
Force: T
ma = mv2/R = T
¾

along the string

ma = N – mg
Normal Force:
¾ N
perpendicular to the support ma = mv2/R

Static Friction Force

¾

maximum value Ffr

f
max = µ N
st

Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 5 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 6

Centripetal Force and Net Force and Centripetal Force

Ki ti Friction
Kinetic F i ti Force:
F

How fast can we turn?

v2
f a fl
for flat road:
d m = f st
r
Kinetic friction does not affect vmax 2
= f max st = N µ st = mg µ st ; vmax = µ st gr
Centripetall acceleration
l directly
l
max speed: m
r
Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 7 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 8
 Net Force and Centripetal Force Uniform Circular Motion
What is the origin
g of the Centripetal acceleration
centripetal force ?

Period
Whatt is
Wh i the
th direction
di ti off
centripetal force ?

Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 9 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 10

Uniform Circular Motion Problem #1 m = 5 kg

L=5m
Centripetal acceleration
R=2m
Find v, T, and a
L

Period:
R

v = 100 m /12 s = 8.33

8 33 s; R = 100/π = 31.8
31 8 m
a = (8.33)2/31.8 m/s 2 = 2.2 m/s 2

Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 11 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 12

 Problem solving tactics: m = 5 kg Problem solving tactics:
m = 5 kg
k
L=5m L=5m
R=2m L R=2m

Find v,T, and a θ Find v,T, and a

L
R

sin θ = R/L = 0.4;; tan θ = ((R/L)/

) ((1-(R/L)
( )2) ½ = 0.44
X: ma = T * sin θ
Y:
Y ma = 0 = - mg + T * cos θ
Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 13 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 14

Problem solving tactics: Problem is solved:

m = 5 kg
k m = 5 kg
k
L L=5m L L=5m
R=2m R=2m
θ θ
Find v,T, and a Find v,T, and a
R R
p
Centripetal Force
originates from the
tension force!
sin θ = R/L = 0 0.4;
4; tan θ = (R/L)/ (1
(1-(R/L)
(R/L)2) ½ = 0.44
0 44
X: ma = T * sin θ
sin θ = R/L = 0.4; tan θ = (R/L)/ (1-(R/L)2) ½ = 0.44 Y: ma = 0 = - mg + T * cos θ Circular motion:
Circular motion:
X: ma = T * sin θ ma = mg*sin
* i θ / cos θ = mg*tan *t θ ma = mv2/R
ma = mv2/R
Y: ma = 0 = - mg + T * cos θ T = mg/ cos θ a = g*tan θ a = v2/R
a = v2/R
ma = mg*sin θ / cos θ = mg*tan θ T = 5 kg *9.8 m/s 2 /(1-(2m/5m) 2) ½ = 53 N v = (aR) ½
T = mg// cos θ a = g*tan
*t θ v = (aR) ½
v = (4.3*2) ½ m/s =
a = 4.3 m/s 2; ma = 5 kg * 4.3 m/s^2 = 21 N;
Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 15 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 2.9 m/s 16
 Problem #2 R = 20 m; µst= 0.5 Problem #2 R = 20 m; µst= 0.5
Angle 10°
0 Angle 10°
0
Find vmax Find vmax

R θ
R θ

Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 17 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 18

Problem #2 R = 20 m; µst= 0.5 Problem #2 R = 20 m; µst= 0.5

Angle 10°
0 Angle 10°
0
Find vmax Find vmax

X: ma = N sin θ + µst N cos θ X: ma = N *(sin θ + µst cos θ)

Y: 0 = N cos θ - mg - µst N sin θ Y: N = mg / (cos θ - µst sin θ)
ma = mv2/R

R θ θ R θ θ

Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 19 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 20

 Problem #2 R = 20 m; µst= 0.5 QZ # 7 Analyze the previous problem
ma = N *(sin
m *(si θ + µst coss θ)
Angle 10°
0
N = mg / (cos θ - µst sin θ) Find vmax
ma = m vmax2 /R 1. R = 20 m; µst= 0.5; Angle 10°
m vmax2 /R = mg *(sin
*( i θ + µst cos θ)/ (cos
( θ - µst sin
i θ) What is going to happen to θ
vmax2 = g*R *(sin θ + µst cos θ)/ (cos θ - µst sin θ)
the static friction force for
Mass m disappeared !!!
the case when the velocityy of the
vmax ≈ 12.8
12 8 m/s/ ≈ 29 ml/h
l/h R
track is doubled: v = vmax * 2
What is going to happen to the truck?
(describe)

2. R = 20 m; µst= 0.5, v=5 m/s; m=3000 kg,

R θ
and θ=0
What is the value and direction of the static friction force ?

Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 21 Lecture 7 Andrei Sirenko, NJIT 22