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Intre cauzele amintite mai sus, in cazul autoturismelor – care se deplaseaza pe cai rigide,
netede, aderente – ponderea importanta o are deformarea cu histerezis a pneului.
Evaluarea prin experiment a unuia din factori nu este posibia deoarece toti parametrii
de mai sus definesc pneul in timpul rularii lui.
Cele mai simple dintre formulele utilizate pun in evidenta viteza de deplasare sub forma:
unde f0 este coeficientul de rezistenta la rulare pentru viteza nula, si f 0j, j=1,2,3 sunt coeficienti
dintre care unii pot fi nuli. Ca exemplificare se prezinta in valori ale acestor coeficienti.
Tipul pneului f0 h h2 h3
f01[ ¿ f02[
] f03[ ]
km km km
Radial Cord 1.3295 ∙ 10-2 -2.8664 ∙ 10-5 1.8036 ∙ 10-7 0.00
metalic
f = f0 + λshd10-8 ∙ V2
Viteza
[km/h] fR f fr(3) fr(4) fr(5)
0.01302 0.01389 0.01252 0.01331
10 6 5 0.0082 7 1
0.01279 0.01569 0.01265 0.01338
20 4 5 0.0084 2 4
0.01259 0.01869 0.00860 0.01291 0.01354
30 7 5 1 9 1
0.01243 0.02289 0.00880 0.01380
40 7 5 4 0.01336 1
0.01231 0.02829 0.00900 0.01400 0.01417
50 3 5 9 3 9
0.01222 0.03489 0.00921 0.01468
60 4 5 9 0.01487 9
0.01217 0.04269 0.00943 0.01598 0.01534
70 2 5 6 5 5
0.01215 0.05169 0.00966 0.01736 0.01615
80 6 5 1 6 7
0.01217 0.06189 0.00989 0.01903 0.01713
90 6 5 8 2 7
0.01223 0.07329 0.01829
100 2 5 0.01015 0.021 5
0.01232 0.08589 0.02328
110 4 5 0.01042 7 0.01964
0.01245 0.09969 0.01071 0.02590 0.02118
120 3 5 1 8 2
0.01261 0.11469 0.01102 0.02887 0.02292
130 7 5 8 9 9
0.01281 0.13089 0.01137 0.03221 0.02489
140 7 5 6 2 1
0.01305 0.14829 0.01175 0.03592 0.02707
150 4 5 9 3 3
0.01332 0.16689 0.01218 0.04002 0.02948
160 6 5 3 4 6
0.18263 0.01255 0.04359 0.03158
168 0.01357 9 5 5 6
0.01397 0.20769 0.01317 0.04944
180 9 5 5 9 0.03503
0.22989 0.01375 0.05479 0.03817
190 0.01436 5 5 6 5
0.25
0.2
0.15 fR
f
fr(3)
0.1 fr(4)
fr(5)
0.05
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Me Ce
n [Nm] Pe [kw] Ch [g/kwh]
8.59770 5.18324 602.863
1000 82.1081 7 6 8
86.5381 9.96774 5.70157 572.002
1100 2 2 1 2
90.8153 11.4113 6.21989 545.061
1200 8 6 5 8
94.9398 12.9237 521.382
1300 8 5 6.73822 6
98.9116 14.5001 7.25654 500.446
1400 2 3 5 7
102.730 7.77486 481.842
1500 6 16.1357 9 8
106.396 17.8256 8.29319 465.239
1600 8 5 4 4
109.910 19.5651 8.81151 450.367
1700 3 8 8 3
21.3495 9.32984 437.005
1800 113.271 1 3 1
116.478 23.1738 9.84816 424.969
1900 9 2 8 5
119.534 25.0333 10.3664 414.107
2000 1 2 9 7
2100 122.436 26.9232 10.8848 404.291
6 2 2
125.186 28.8387 11.4031 395.410
2200 2 1 4 9
127.783 30.7749 11.9214 387.375
2300 1 9 7 1
130.227 32.7272 12.4397 380.104
2400 3 7 9 7
132.518 34.6907 12.9581 373.532
2500 7 5 2 3
134.657 36.6606 13.4764 367.599
2600 3 2 4 8
136.643 13.9947 362.257
2700 2 38.6321 6 4
138.476 40.6003 14.5130
2800 3 7 9 357.462
140.156 42.5606 15.0314 353.176
2900 6 5 1 3
141.684 44.5081 15.5497 349.368
3000 2 3 4 5
143.059 46.4380 16.0680
3100 1 2 6 346.011
144.281 48.3455 16.5863 343.080
3200 1 1 9 2
145.350 50.2258 17.1047 340.556
3300 4 1 1 2
52.0741 17.6230 338.422
3400 146.267 1 4 2
147.030 53.8856 18.1413 336.664
3500 8 3 6 2
147.641 55.6555 18.6596 335.270
3600 8 6 9 8
148.100 19.1780 334.233
3700 1 57.3791 1 4
148.405 59.0514 19.6963 333.545
3800 6 5 4 3
148.577 61.4535 20.4738 333.159
3950 5 1 2 5
148.558 62.2234 20.7329 333.202
4000 4 1 8 3
148.405 63.7134 21.2513 333.545
4100 6 1 1 3
148.100 65.1330 21.7696 334.233
4200 1 3 3 4
147.641 66.4774 22.2879 335.270
4300 8 7 6 8
147.030 67.7419 22.8062 336.664
4400 8 4 8 2
68.9216 23.3246 338.422
4500 146.267 2 1 2
145.350 70.0117 23.8429 340.556
4600 4 3 3 2
144.281 71.0074 24.3612 343.080
4700 1 6 6 2
143.059 71.9040 24.8795
4800 1 3 8 346.011
141.684 72.6966 25.3979 349.368
4900 2 1 1 5
140.156 73.3804 25.9162 353.176
5000 6 3 3 3
138.476 73.9506 26.4345
5100 3 8 5 357.462
136.643 74.4025 26.9528 362.257
5200 2 6 8 4
134.657 74.7312 367.599
5300 3 7 27.4712 8
132.518 74.9320 27.9895 373.532
5400 7 2 3 3
130.227 28.5078 380.104
5500 3 75 5 7
127.783 74.9304 29.0261 387.375
5600 1 2 8 1
125.186 74.7184 395.410
5700 2 8 29.5445 9
122.436 74.3593 30.0628
5800 6 7 3 404.291
119.534 73.8483 30.5811 414.107
5900 1 1 5 7
116.478 73.1804 31.0994 424.969
6000 9 9 8 5
114.894 72.7862 31.3586 430.831
6050 1 9 4 7
700
600
500
400
Me [Nm]
Pe [kw]
Ch
300
Ce [g/kwh]
200
100
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000 Rr(fR)
Rr(f)
2500
Rr(fr3)
2000 Rr(fr4)
Rr(fr5)
1500
1000
500
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
2500
2000
Pr1
Pr2
1500
Pr3
Pr4
Pr5
1000
500
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200