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Understanding

NEC Article 409 &


UL508A SCCR
KTAC Part One

Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. 1


UL 508A & NEC 409 Topics

Introduction

Definitions

UL 508A Supplement SB

RA Website & Database

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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
NEC 409 Code Change

• 2005 Edition of National Electric Code (NEC)


contains a new Article 409 covering “Industrial
Control Panels”
• Why introduce this new article?
– Control panels have been evaluated under several
different NEC articles
– Inconsistencies have led to improper use of control
components
– New article provides a single set of requirements
that can be used by panel builders, installers and
inspectors
– NEC 409 provides for design and evaluation
process to insure safe installation and application of
control panels
• Panel SCCR must cover the actual available
fault level.

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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
NEC 409 Code Change Panel SCCR
50kA RMS Symmetrical
480V Maximum

• New Article 409 covers “Industrial Control


Panels”
• “Industrial Control Panel” Definition
– Industrial Control Panels, intended for general
use, ordinary locations, 600V or less.
• Clause 409-110 (3) “Markings”
Industrial Control Panels must be
evaluated & marked for their
Short-Circuit Current Rating (SCCR)

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Definitions

Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. 6


Common Terminology

• Short-Circuit:
– An over-current that exceeds the normal full load current (10x, 100x, 1000x FLC)
• Short-Circuit Current Rating – SCCR:
– The maximum available short-circuit current an electrical component can sustain without
the occurrence of excessive damage when protected with an over-current protective
device
• Interrupting Rating (Breaking Capacity):
– The maximum short circuit current at rated voltage that a over-current protective device
can safely interrupt and clear.
• Current Limiting:
– When a fuse or circuit breaker operates in its current limiting range, it will clear a short in
less than ¼ cycle
– Performance standards such as UL specify let-thru characteristics (Ip & I2t) at rated fault
levels and voltages
• Power Circuit:
– Conductors and components of branch and feeder circuits.
• Control Circuit:
– A circuit that carries the electric signals directing the performance of a controller, and
which does not carry the main power circuit. A control circuit is, in most cases, limited to
15 amperes
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Short Circuit Faults

Available Short Circuit Current (Ipa)


Current (A)

Non-Current Limiting

Peak Let-Thru (Ipl)


Let-Thru (I2t) Time

Clearing Time (tc)

Normal Load Current Short Circuit Current


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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
“Feeder Circuit” Definition

• “Feeder Circuit” covers all


power conductors and
components from incoming
feeder disconnect, …. to the
line side of the last branch
SCPD.

“Feeder Circuit”
“Branch” SCPD

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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
“Branch Circuit” Definition

• “Branch Circuit” covers all


power conductors and
components from the load-
side of the branch circuit, ….
to the controller load-side
connections.

“Branch Circuit”
“Branch” CPD

• Terms used for protection


devices:
– Over-current Protection
Device (OPD)
– Branch Circuit Protection
Device (BCPD)

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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
UL 508A Supplement SB

“How to Comply”

Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved. 11


How to determine SCCR of a panel?

• Three potential options:


• Option 1: Test each panel design and document in a follow-up procedure
– Costly, time consuming, too many variations
• Option 2: Purchase previously tested constructions
– Practical for repeatable machine/panel design and production
• Option 3: Complete analysis according to UL 508A Supplement SB
– Recommended procedure for most panels and machines

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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
Determining SCCR’s - 3 Basic Steps

• UL 508A Supplement SB
– “Short-Circuit Current Ratings for Industrial Control Panels”
– Goes into effect in “April 2006”

• SB4.1: Short-Circuit Current Rating (SCCR)


– Shall be determined by the following evaluation:
a) First, establish the short circuit current ratings of individual power circuit
components as specified in SB4.2
b) Second, modify (limit) the available short-circuit current within a portion of a
circuit in the panel due to the presence of current limiting components as
specified in SB4.3
c) Third, determine the overall panel short-circuit current rating as specified in
SB4.4

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SB4.2.1 – Individual Power Circuit Components

SB4.2.1 All power circuit components, including


disconnect switches, branch circuit protective
devices, branch circuit fuse holders, load
controllers, motor overload relays, terminal blocks,
and bus bars, shall have a short-circuit current
rating expressed in amperes or kilo-amperes
and voltage.

– Exception No. 1: Power transformers, reactors,


current transformers, dry-type capacitors, resistors,
varistors, and voltmeters are not required to have a
short circuit current rating.
– Exception No. 2: The “S” contactor of a wye-delta
motor controller is not required to have a short-
circuit current rating.

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SB4.2.2 – Establish SCCR of Components

SB4.2.2 The short-circuit current rating of a component shall be established by one of the
following methods:
a) The short-circuit current rating marked on the component or on instructions provided
with the component;
b) The short-circuit current rating determined by the voltage rating of the component and the
assumed (assigned) short-circuit current from Table SB4.1; or
c) The short-circuit current rating….

100-C Contactor Nameplate & Instruction Sheet PowerFlex 70 Drive User Manual
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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
Table SB4.1 - Unmarked Components

• 508A SB - Table SB4.1


– “Assumed” SCCR’s
– Line up with UL minimum test SC
test requirements to attain listing
– These minimum ratings limit “high
fault” panel ratings
– High Fault SCCR’s on all
components & combinations are top
priority

Terminal Blocks - UL 1059

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SB4.2.2 – Establish SCCR of Components

SB4.2.2 The short-circuit current rating of a component


shall be established by one of the following
methods:
a) The short-circuit current rating marked on the
component or on instructions provided with
the component;
b) The short-circuit current rating determined by the
voltage rating of the component and the assumed
(assigned) short-circuit current from Table
SB4.1; or
c) The short-circuit current rating for a load controller,
motor overload relay, or combination motor
controller that has been investigated (tested) in
accordance with the performance requirements,
including short-circuit test requirements for
standard fault currents or high fault currents
specified in the Standard for Industrial Control
Equipment, UL 508, and described in the
manufacturer’s procedure.
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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
SB4.2.3 – High Fault SCCR of Components

SB4.2.3 A high fault short-circuit current rating for a motor controller,


an overload relay, or a combination motor controller, as specified in
SB4.2.2 (a) or (c), shall only be used as the short-circuit current rating of
the component when the specified branch circuit protective device is
provided.
• Exception 1:
– When the specified BCPD related to the high fault SCCR is a Class
CC, G, J, L, RK1, RK5 or T fuse, a fuse of different class is able
to be used at the same high fault rating where the Ip let-through
current and I2t of the new fuse is not greater than that of the
specified fuse. See Table SB4.2 for maximum let-through currents
(Ip) and I2t
• Exception 2:
– The specified BCPD is able to be provided in the field when the
panel is marked in accordance to SB5.1.2.
• Exception 3:
– When the specified BCPD related to the high fault SCCR is a listed SCCR: 100kA, 600V with
circuit breaker marked “current limiting”, a different current-limiting UL Class J or CC Fuses
circuit breakers is able to be used at the same high fault
rating…… Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
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SB4.3 - Feeder Components that Limit SC Current

SB4.3 – Feeder components that limit the short-circuit current available

• SB4.3.1 – For branch circuits supplied by a power transformer with an isolated


secondary winding, the a power transformer with an isolated secondary…

• SB4.3.2 – For branch circuits supplied by a Listed circuit breaker marked


“current limiting” in the feeder circuit, the short circuit current rating…

• SB4.3.3 – For branch circuits supplied by a Class CC, G, J, L, RK1, RK5, or T fuse
in the feeder circuit, the short-circuit current rating…

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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
SB4.3.1 - Current Limiting w/ Power Transformers

OPD
SCCR
SB4.3.1 For branch circuits supplied by a power transformer with
an isolated secondary winding, the short-circuit current rating
on the line side of the transformer shall be one of the following:
10 kVA Max
a) For a power transformer rated not more than 10 kVA, and where
the short circuit current rating of all components in the
secondary circuit are not less than 5 kA, the short-circuit SCC Available:
current rating of the primary over-current protective device (OPD) < 5kA
is able to be assigned to the line side of the power transformer
circuit.
b) For a power transformer rated not more than 5 kVA and a 120 V OPD
SCCR
maximum secondary voltage, and where the short circuit
current rating of all components in the secondary circuit are
not less than 2 kA, the short-circuit current rating of the primary 5 kVA Max,
over-current protective device (OPD) is able to be assigned to 120V Sec.
the line side of the power transformer circuit.
c) For circuits that do not comply with SB4.3.1(a) or SB4.3.1(b), the SCC Available:
lowest short-circuit current rating of the components in the < 2kA
secondary circuit is assigned to the line side of the power
All secondary components
transformer circuit. must have a SCCR > 5kA or
> 2kA respectively to
maintain SCCR of OPD
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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
Control Transformer Circuits

Control Circuit: “A circuit that carries the electric signals


directing the performance of a controller, and which does
not carry the main power circuit. A control circuit, in
most cases is limited to 15A.”
OPD
Control Transformer: “A transformer whose secondary SCCR
supplies power to control circuit devices only
(excluding loads). 1 kVA, 15A
Max.

a) Typically limited to 1kVA with a secondary current less SCC Available:


than 15A Limited

b) The OPD provides over-current and short circuit


Secondary components
protection for the control transformer branch circuit are not required to have
a specific SCCR and do
c) Secondary components are not evaluated for SCCR not affect the
SCCR of OPD.

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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
SB3.2 Over-current Protection of Control Circuit

> 65kA
SB3.2.1 For control circuits tapped from the feeder
circuit, the over-current protection for the
common control or for the primary of a control
transformer or power supply shall be provided
with branch circuit protective device having a
short-circuit current rating not less than the
overall panel short-circuit current rating.

• Control circuit taps off the feeder circuit must be


protected:
a) Common Control
b) Control Transformers
c) Power Supplies

• Control Circuit BCPD SCCR must cover the panel


SCCR!

65kA Panel SCCR 22


Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
SB4.3.2 – Current-Limiting w/ Circuit Breakers
65kA
SB4.3.2 For branch circuits supplied by a Listed circuit SCC
Available
breaker marked “current-limiting” in the feeder circuit, the
short-circuit current rating on the line side of the circuit
breaker shall be one of the following:
Feeder CB
a) The short-circuit current rating of the feeder circuit breaker “Current Limiting”
when all of the components in the branch circuit have a short- 65kA SCCR
circuit current rating not less than the published peak let-
through current of the circuit breaker, see Figure SB4.1, and
the short-circuit current rating of all branch circuit 17kA Ip
protective devices on the load side are not less than the Let-
through
short-circuit current rating of the feeder circuit breaker;
b) The smallest short-circuit current rating of any branch circuit
protective device on the load side of the feeder circuit
Branch Circuit PD
breaker, when the conditions of SB4.3.2(a) exist except the 65kA SCCR
short-circuit current rating of the branch circuit
protective devices on the load side are less than the
short-circuit current rating of the feeder circuit breaker. Motor
Controller
c) The smallest short-circuit current rating of any branch circuit 18kA SCCR
on the load side of the feeder circuit breaker, when the
conditions of SB4.3.2(a) or SB4.3.2(b) are not met.
a) 65kA Panel SCCR

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Current Limitation – UL Listed Circuit Breakers

17kA Let
Through

65kA Available
“Current Limiting Circuit Breakers”

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SB4.3.3 - Current Limiting w/ Fuses
65kA
SB4.3.3 For branch circuits supplied by a Class CC, G, J, L, SCC
Available
RK1, RK5, or T fuse in the feeder circuit, the short-circuit
current rating on the line side of the fuse shall be one of the
following: Feeder Fuse Switch
200kA SCCR
a) The short-circuit current rating of the feeder fuse when all of 60A Class J
the components in the branch circuit have a short circuit
current rating not less than the peak let-through current
corresponding to the specific fuse class employed from Table 10kA Ip
Let-
SB4.2 based on the current rating of the fuse and the through
available short-circuit current on the line side of the fuse, and
the short-circuit current rating of all branch circuit
protective devices on the load side are not less than the
short-circuit current rating of the feeder fuse;
Branch Circuit PD
b) The smallest short-circuit current rating of any branch circuit 65kA SCCR
protective device on the load side of the feeder fuse, when
the conditions of SB4.3.3(a) exist except the short-circuit
current rating of the branch circuit protective devices on Motor Controller
the load side are less than the short circuit current rating 10kA SCCR
of the feeder fuse.
c) The smallest short-circuit current rating of any branch circuit
b) 65kA Panel SCCR
on the load side of the feeder fuse, when the conditions of
SB4.3.3(a) or SB4.3.3(b) are not met.
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Current Limitation – UL Listed Fuses
65kA Available
(Use 100kA column)

10kA Let Through

“Current Limiting Fuses”


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25kA
Current Limiting Devices – Fuses or CB’s Available

SCCR: 50kA
• Current Limiting Fuse in
a “Feeder” Circuit:
– 60A Class J Fuse limits Ip
to 8kA, to 50kA
threshold
– Default SCCR of a power
block is 10kA
• Feeder “low” let-thru
affect on the Branch
– Motor Controller SCCR
is 10kA
Note: All SCPD’s
must cover the
available fault level

50kA Panel Rating


10kA Motor Controller
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SB4.4 Overall SCCR of the Panel

100kA
SB4.4.1 For each branch circuit provided with 10kA
branch circuit protection within the
industrial control panel, the smallest
short-circuit current rating of all power
circuit components on the load side of a
branch circuit protective device and the
control circuit over-current protection in
SB3.2.1 shall be determined and compared
with the short-circuit current rating of the
65kA 70kA 65kA
branch circuit protective device. The
smaller of the two ratings shall be
assigned to the line side of the branch
circuit protective device.

In other words, use the lowest rating of a


component or branch protective device to
determine branch rating

10kA Panel Rating


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Copyright © 2006 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.
SB4.4 Overall SCCR of the Panel

100kA
200kA
SB4.4.1 For each branch circuit provided with
branch circuit protection within the
industrial control panel, the smallest
short-circuit current rating of all
power circuit components on the load
side of a branch circuit protective device
and the control circuit over-current
protection in SB3.2.1 shall be determined
and compared with the short-circuit 65kA 70kA 65kA
current rating of the branch circuit
protective device. The smaller of the
two ratings shall be assigned to the
line side of the branch circuit
protective device.

In other words, use the lowest rating of a


component or branch protective device
to determine branch rating

65kA Panel Rating

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Short Circuit Panel Ratings
SB4.4.4 The overall short circuit current rating of the panel shall
be one of the following: 200kA 2
a) For an industrial control panel consisting of a 200kA
single branch circuit without branch circuit
protection…. 2
b) For an industrial control panel consisting of a
single branch circuit including branch circuit 100kA
protection….
c) For an industrial control panel consisting of multiple 2
branch circuits, and feeder components within
the panel, such as disconnecting switches, bus
bars, terminal blocks, and feeder over current
protective devices, the short-circuit current rating 65kA 70kA 65kA
shall be the lowest of the following:
1) The lowest short circuit current rating of
any branch circuit in accordance with SB4.4.1
that has not been modified by SB4.3.1 – SB4.3.3;
2) The short circuit current rating of any feeder
component not covered by SB4.4.4(c)(3) and
any control circuit over current protection
connected to the feeder as in SB3.2.1; or
3) The modified short-circuit current rating 1
determined from SB4.3.1 – SB4.3.3 for each
branch circuit supplied by the associated feeder
component. 1 1

65kA Panel Rating


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Panel SCCR – 4 Checks to Validate the Results

1. Panel SCCR will be determined by the smallest


SCCR of any feeder or branch over-current
protective device or component
2. Branch circuit protection devices must cover Available Fault:
panel available fault level 40kA @ 480V

3. All components and controllers with SCCR’s


based on high-fault ratings must be used with
the specified branch circuit protective device
4. And finally, the panel SCCR must cover the
available fault current supplying the panel!

Panel SCCR
65kA rms Symmetrical
480V Maximum

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