Steam temperature control 145

Load change from 200 to 180 MW at 4 MW/min

0.6

0.4
e~0

0.2

0 J
3
i

~0.2 I

-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Time (min.)

2
0

-6 i i I I J J i I

-2 0 2 4 6 8 l0 12 14 16 18
Time (rain.)

Figure 5.10 Corresponding additive control signals

increased steam temperature. These two actions have a mutually opposite impact on
the steam pressure, which ultimately results in a reduced steam-pressure deviation.
Similar improvements have been obtained for all operating points in JsKv2.

$.3.4.2 Feedback control

The purpose of the feedback part of the LQG controller with coordinated feedforward
action is defined as a general improvement in the stability of the boiler, and specifically
to reduce the impact of starting/stopping coal mills on the controlled variables since
this event typically occurs during load changes. Start/stop of coal mills introduces
significant transient disturbances in the furnace, in the form of a redistribution of
the coal and combustion air flow to the furnace, which affect the steam temperatures
and the steam pressure. It is intended, by designing the LQG controller given by
equations (5.15) and (5.16), to reject disturbances entering the furnace. In practice
this is done by tuning the controller with good fuel disturbance rejection properties.
In order to test the controller performance a test case is examined in which a
5 per cent fuel ( ~ 1.5 kg/s) disturbance is introduced. A coal mill start/stop has not
been used for comparison purposes since the stochastic content in this disturbance is
too high. In Figure 5.11 the responses for the outputs Psh3,err and Tshlb,err are shown
with and without the LQG feedback controller. Figure 5.12 shows the generated
control signals together with the imposed fuel disturbance. It can be seen that the
deviations in both outputs are reduced significantly.