CT Scanner

History
• The first practical CT instrument was developed
in 1972 by DR. G. N. Hounsfield in England and
was used to image the brain.

Allan M. Cormack Prof. Godfrey N. Hounsfield

Nobel Price for Nobel Price for

Medicine : 1979 Medicine : 1979

• The projection data were acquired in

approximately 5 minutes, and the tomographic
image was reconstructed in approximately 20
minutes.
Basic Layout
 Imaging in Three Dimensions
• Sequential CT z

• Spiral (helical) CT

z
 Multislice CT
• Multi-slice scanners enable faster
scanning
– Image lungs in 15s (one breath-hold)
– Perform dynamic reconstructions of the heart

• Nowadays (spiral) scanners are available that take up to 64

simultaneous slices

Single-slice Multi-slice
 Scanner Generations

First – 5 minutes Second - 30 s

Third – 1 s

Fourth

• Third generation most popular

 5th Generation
50 ms scanning
Gantry
 Gantry

Tube -65 kV multiplier

Cathode and
+65 kV
Anode modules
multiplier
Collimator

X-ray Brush
control

Transformer

Inverter

Heat exchanger
Gantry
Detector
Detector
Videos
Africa Mercy’s CT
Africa Mercy’s CT
 Africa Mercy’s CT
GANTRY

Cathode (-) - 50 kV DC
Tank
DC -> AC
550 V DC AC -> DC
20 kHz square

PDU Anode (+) + 50 kV DC

3 x 480 VAC Tank
DC -> AC
AC -> DC
20 kHz square

DATA ACQUISITION
SYSTEM
 Africa Mercy’s CT
• Power Distribution Unity (PDU)

550 VDC board

Relay board

Fuses box
 Africa Mercy’s CT
STATIONARY
COMPUTER - STC
• Computers
ON BOARD
COMPUTER - OBC
TABLE
COMPUTER

GRAPHIC AND CONTROL

COMPUTERS
 Africa Mercy’s CT
• Gantry

High voltage Router motor 110 V AC

C2

Africa Mercy’s CT
• Gantry
TUBE AND COLLIMATOR

STATIONARY
COMPUTER TUBE CONTROLER

ON BOARD
COMPUTER

HIGH FREQUENCY
GENERATOR
DETECTOR
(DAS – DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM)
(A/D CONVERTER)
Slide 20

C2
Look explanation of the tube doing a zoom out!!!
Carlos Eduardo Ferrante do Amaral, 4/18/2009
Experiences