SCIENCE YEAR 4

CHAPTER 1 BASIC NEEDS

Prepared by Ms. Brintha

BASIC NEEDS OF LIVING THINGS

BASIC
LIVING THINGS REASON
NEEDS
To protect from danger, rain and the
Shelter sun.

To get energy
Food
Humans
To control body temperature
Water
To breathe
Air
To protect from danger, rain and the
Shelter sun.

To get energy
Food
Animals
To control body temperature
Water
To breathe
Air
To make food
Sunlight
To make the cell turgid
Plants Water
To breathe
Air

1.1 The basic needs of humans

1. Humans have basic needs to stay alive.

2. The basic needs of humans are:
 Food
 Water
 Air
 Shelter
3. Humans will die if they do not get the basic needs.
Humans need food
1. Humans need food to:
 Grow
 Get energy
 Get heat
2. Humans need a balanced diet to stay healthy.
3. Humans get food from plants and animals.

Humans need water.

1. Water is very important to humans.
2. Humans need water to help in:
 Control the body temperature
 Circulation of blood
 Transport of digested food and oxygen to all parts of the body.
 Removal of excretory waste products.
 The digestion of food
 The defecation of undigested food.

Humans need air

1. Humans need air to breathe.
2. Without air, humans will die.
3. During breathing, we can see the chest moving up and down.

Humans need shelter

1. Humans need shelter.
2. Humans need shelter to protect them from:
 Danger
 Sun
 Rain
3. There are many types of shelter for humans:
 Hut
 Terraced house
 Flat
 Bungalow
 Longhouse
1.2 The basic needs of animals.

1. Animals have basic needs to stay alive.

2. The basic needs of animals are:
 Food
 Water
 Air
 Shelter

Animals need food

1. Animals need food to:
 Grow
 Get energy
 Stay healthy
2. Animals get their food from plants and other animals.

Animals need water

1. Water is very important to animals.
2. Animals need water to help in:
 Control the body temperature
 Circulation of blood
 Transport of digested food and oxygen to all parts of the body.
 Removal of excretory waste products
 The digestion of food
 The defecation of undigested food.

Animals need air

1. Animals need air to breathe
2. Aquatic animals use the air dissolved in the water to breathe.

Animals need shelter

1. Animals need shelter to protect them from:
 Danger
 Sun
 Rain

2. Different animals have different types of shelter:

 SHELTER ANIMALS
Nests Birds, hens
Caves Bears, Bats,
Underground holes Earthworm, snakes, Mice
Anthills Ants

1.3 The basic needs of plants.

1. Plants also have basic needs to stay alive.

2. The basic needs of plants are:
 Water
 Air
 Sunlight

Plants need water

1. Water is very important to plants
2. Plants need water to:
 Carry out photosynthesis
 Control their temperature
 Carry out chemical processes
3. If plants do not get water, they will wilt and die.

Plants need air

1. Plants need air to:
 Breathe
 Produce food
3. When plants breathe, they absorb oxygen.
4. During photosynthesis, plants will absorb carbon dioxide.
5. Plants will die if they do not get air.

Plants need sunlight

1. Plants with green leaves can make their own food.
2. Plants make their own food through a process called photosynthesis.
3. For photosynthesis, plants need:
 Sunlight
 Water
 Air
4. If plants do not get sunlight, their leaves will turn yellow and the plants will die.