TOPIC 5 : CIRCLES

5.3 SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING CIRCLES

As a reminder, all examples in this note are using the value of

𝟐𝟐
𝝅=
𝟕
 Example 1: Involving Circumference
The radius of the wheel of a car is 35 cm. Calculate the distance, km, travelled by
the car when its wheels make 80 complete turns.
- Find the circumference of the
tyre.
- Calculate total distance based
INFOGRAPHIC on the circumference.

Distance after tyre makes 80 complete turns ?

WORKING
Circumference of circle = 2𝝅𝒓
22
= 2 × × 35 cm
7
= 220 cm
Total distance = 220 cm × 80 turns
= 17600 cm

Total distance in km = 17600 ÷ 1000 ÷ 100

= 0.176 km
 Example 2 : Involving Arc of Circle
The diagram shows a square ABCD and two identical quadrants. Calculate the
perimeter, in cm, of the shaded region.

INFOGRAPHIC
WORKING
Length of AS = 14 ÷ 2 = 7 cm

Arc length of RS = BT :
𝑹𝑺 𝜽
=
𝟐𝝅𝒓 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶
𝟗𝟎𝑶 𝟐𝟐
RS = × (2 × × 7) Quadrant is a region on Cartesian plane
𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶 𝟕
RS = 11 cm. with the angle of 90𝑂
- Quadrants ARS and RBT are
identical, thus same arc Perimeter of shaded region
length. = Arc RS + Arc RT + TC + DC + DS
- Point S, R and T is the
= 11 + 11 + 7 + 7 + 14
midpoint, thus: = 50 cm.
AR = RB = AS = SD = BT = CT
 Example 3 : Involving Area of Circle
The diagram shows two identical circles in a rectangle ABCD. Find
the area, in cm2 , of the shaded region.

INFOGRAPHIC WORKING
Area of circles :
= 𝝅𝒓𝟐 × 2
𝟐𝟐
= ( 𝟕 × 7 × 7) × 2
= 154 × 2
= 308 cm2 - Find the area of the rectangle
ABCD.
Area of Rectangle ABCD : - Find area of the 2 identical
Since the circles perfectly fit the
= 14 × 28 BC × CD circle.
rectangle, thus:
= 392
→ Diameter = length of BC = 14 cm
→ Diameter of both circles = length of DC Area of shaded region :
= area of rectangle ABCD – area of circles
= 392 – 308
= 84 cm2
 Example 4 : Involving Area Of Sector and Area
Of Circles.
In the diagram, POR is the diameter of circle PQR.
Given that PQ = QR and PR = 14 cm. Calculate the area, in 𝑐𝑚𝟐 , of the shaded region.

WORKING
INFOGRAPHIC Area of circle :
= 𝝅𝒓𝟐
𝟐𝟐
= ( 𝟕 × 7 × 7)
iri POR = 14 cm ;
= 154 cm2
Radius (r ) PO = OR ; - Find area of the circle.
= 14 ÷ 2 = 7 cm. - Find the area of the PORQ.
14 cm Area of PORQ :
𝟏
= 𝟐 × 7 × 14
= 49 cm2
Area of triangle PORQ ;
7 cm Area of shaded region :
𝟏
= × Height × Base = area of circle – area of triangle PORQ
𝟐
14 cm = 154 - 49
= 105 cm2
TOPIK 5 : BULATAN
5.3 PENYELESAIAN MASALAH MELIBATKAN BULATAN

Sebagai peringatan, semua contoh dalam nota ini menggunakan

𝟐𝟐
nilai 𝝅 =
𝟕
 Contoh 1: Melibatkan Lilitan Bulatan
Jejari bagi sebiji tayar kereta ialah 35 cm, hitung jarak, dalam km, yang dilalui oleh kereta
tersebut apabila tayarnya membuat 80 pusingan penuh.

INFOGRAFIK
- Cari ukur lilit bulatan tayar.
- Cari jumlah jarak dilalui
Jarak selepas tayar berputar penuh 80 kali ?
berdasarkan nilai lilitan bulatan.

JALAN KERJA
Lilitan bulatan tayar = 2𝝅𝒓
22
= 2 × × 35 cm
7
= 220 cm
Jarak yang dilalui = 220 cm × 80 putaran
= 17600 cm

Jarak dalam km = 17600 ÷ 1000 ÷ 100

= 0.176 km
 Contoh 2 : Melibatkan Lengkok Bulatan
Rajah di sebelah menunjukkan segiempat sama ABCD dan 2 kuadran serupa. Hitung
perimeter, dalam cm, bagi kawasan berlorek.

INFOGRAFIK
JALAN KERJA
Panjang AS = 14 ÷ 2 = 7 cm

Panjang lengkok RS = BT :
𝑹𝑺 𝜽
=
𝟐𝝅𝒓 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶
𝟗𝟎𝑶 𝟐𝟐
RS = × (2 × × 7) Kuadran adalah kawasan dalam satah
𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶 𝟕
RS = 11 cm. Cartesian yang bersudut 90𝑂
- Kuadran ARS dan RBT adalah
serupa, oleh itu panjang Perimeter Kawasan berlorek :
lengkok adalah sama.
= Arc RS + Arc RT + TC + DC + DS
- Titik S, R dan T adalah titik = 11 + 11 + 7 + 7 + 14
tengah, oleh itu: = 50 cm.
AR = RB = AS = SD = BT = CT
 Example 3 : Involving Area of Circle
Rajah di sebelah menunjukkan 2 bulatan serupa dalam segi empat tepat ABCD.
Cari luas, dalam 𝒄𝒎𝟐 , kawasan berlorek.

INFOGRAFIK JALAN KERJA

Luas 2 bulatan :
= 𝝅𝒓𝟐 × 2
𝟐𝟐 - Cari luas segiempat tepat
= ( 𝟕 × 7 × 7) × 2 ABCD.
= 154 × 2 - Cari luas 2 bulatan.
= 308 cm2

Luas segiempat tepat ABCD :

2 bulatan tersebut memenuhi segiempat
= 14 × 28 BC × CD
tepat ABCD, oleh itu :
= 392
→ Diameter = Panjang BC = 14 cm
→ Diameter kedua-dua bulatan = Panjang DC Luas Kawasan berlorek :
= Luas segiempat tepat ABCD - Luas 2 bulatan
= 392 – 308
= 84 cm2
Contoh 4 : Melibatkan Luas Sektor dan
Luas Bulatan
Dalam rajah di sebelah, POR ialah diameter bagi bulatan PQR.
Diberi PQ = QR dan PR = 14 cm. hitung luas, dalam 𝐜𝐦𝟐 , bagi kawasan berlorek.

JALAN KERJA
INFOGRAFIK Luas bulatan :
= 𝝅𝒓𝟐
𝟐𝟐
= ( 𝟕 × 7 × 7)
iri POR = 14 cm ;
= 154 cm2
Jejari ( j ) PO = OR ; - Cari luas bulatan.
= 14 ÷ 2 = 7 cm. - Cari luas segitiga PORQ.
14 cm Luas PORQ :
𝟏
= 𝟐 × 7 × 14
= 49 cm2
Luas segitiga PORQ ;
7 cm Luas Kawasan berlorek :
=
𝟏
× Tinggi × Tapak = luas bulatan – luas segitiga PORQ
𝟐
14 cm = 154 - 49
= 105 cm2