CHAPTER 5 : CIRCLES

5.3 LILITAN DAN LUAS BULATAN

5.3 CIRCUMFERENCE AND AREA OF CIRCLES
CIRCUMFERENCE
▪ Dikenali juga sebagai perimeter
Also known as the perimeter.
▪ Formula :
22
Lilitan = 2𝝅𝐣 , j = jejari , 𝜋 = 3.142 @ 7

22
Circumference = 2𝝅𝒓 , r = radius , 𝜋 = 3.142 @ 7

▪ Nilai 𝜋 (pi) diberi dalam soalan.

The value of 𝜋 (pi) is given in the question.
EXAMPLE :
Cari panjang lilitan suatu bulatan yang mempunyai jejari 4 cm. (𝜋 = 3.142 )
Find the circumference of a circle with a radius of 4 cm. (𝜋 = 3.142 )

Penyelesaian : Solution :
Lilitan = 2𝜋j Circumference = 2𝜋r
= 2 × 3.142 × 4 cm = 2 × 3.142 × 4 cm
= 25.14 cm. = 25.14 cm.
EXAMPLE : Diameter = 2j, oleh itu j = d ÷ 2
Diameter = 2 r, so j = d ÷ 2
22
Cari panjang lilitan suatu bulatan yang mempunyai diameter 7 cm. (𝜋 = )
7
22
Find the circumference of a circle with a diameter of 7 cm. (𝜋 = )
7

Penyelesaian : Solution :

d 7 𝑑 7
Tukar diameter kepada jejari = = = 3.5 cm Change diameter to radius = = = 3.5 cm
2 2 2 2
Lilitan = 2πj Circumference = 2𝜋𝑗
22 22
=2× × 3.5 cm =2× 7
× 3.5 cm
7

= 22 cm. = 22 cm.
AREA OF A CIRCLE
▪ Luas bulatan diberi dengan formula :
The area of a circle is given by a formula :

Luas bulatan = 𝝅𝒋𝟐 @ = 𝛑 × 𝐣 × 𝐣

Area of Circle = 𝝅𝒓𝟐 @ = 𝝅 × 𝒓 × 𝒓

EXAMPLE : 22
Cari luas sebuah bulatan yang mempunyai jejari 5 cm. (𝜋 = )
7
22
Find the area of a circle with a radius of 5 cm. (𝜋 = )
7

Penyelesaian : Solution :
Luas = πj2 Area = 𝜋𝑟 2
22 22 22 22
= × 52 @ = ×5×5 = × 52 @ = ×5×5
7 7 7 7
22 22
= × 25 = × 25
7 7

57 57
= 78.57 cm2 @ 78 cm2 = 78.57 𝑐𝑚2 @ 78
100
𝑐𝑚2
100
EXAMPLE : Diameter = 2j
Diameter = 2r
22
Diberi luas bulatan ialah 616 cm2 . Hitung jejari dan diameter. (𝜋 = )
7
22
Given the area of a circle is 616 𝑐𝑚2 . Calculate the radius and the diameter. (𝜋 = )
7
Penyelesaian : Solution :
Luas = πj2 Area = 𝜋𝑟 2
22 22
616 = × j2 616 = × 𝑟2
7 7
22 22
616 ÷ = j2 616 ÷ = 𝑟2
7 7

√ j2 = √ 196 (punca kuasa kiri dan kanan) √ 𝑟 2 = √ 196 (square root both sides)
j = √196 r = √196
j = 14 cm. r = 14 cm.

Diameter = 2 × j = 2 × 14 = 28 cm. Diameter = 2 × j = 2 × 14 = 28 cm.

 EXAMPLE : Cari nilai jejari dahulu
Find the radius first
Diberi lilitan bulatan ialah 66 cm. Hitung luas bulatan. (𝜋 = 3.142)
Given the circumference of a circle is 66 cm. Calculate the area of the circle. (𝜋 = 3.142)

Penyelesaian : Solution :
Lilitan = 2𝜋j Circumference = 2𝜋𝑟
66 = 2 × 3.142 × j 66 = 2 × 3.142 × r
66 = 6.284 × j 66 = 6.284 × r
j = 66 ÷ 6.284 r = 66 ÷ 6.284
j = 10.5 cm r = 10.5 cm

Luas = πj2 Area = 𝜋𝑟 2

Luas = 3.142 × 10.5 × 10.5 u Luas = 3.142 × 10.5 × 10.5
Luas = 346.4 cm Luas = 346.4 cm
DETERMINING THE ARC OF A CIRCLE
▪ Lengkok bulatan adalah berkadaran (Sepadan) dengan sudut pada pusat bulatan.
The arc of a circle is proportional (Equivalent) with the angle at the centre.
▪ Formula : Lengkok Minor
Minor Arc
𝐏𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐋𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐤𝐨𝐤 𝐒𝐮𝐝𝐮𝐭 𝐏𝐚𝐝𝐚 𝐏𝐮𝐬𝐚𝐭 Sudut pada pusat
= Angle at the centre
𝐋𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐁𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝐎

𝐏𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐋𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐤𝐨𝐤 𝛉
=
𝟐𝛑𝐣 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝐎

𝑨𝒓𝒄 𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆 𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆

=
𝑪𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒖𝒎𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶
𝛉 = Theta
𝑨𝒓𝒄 𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝜽
=
𝟐𝝅𝒓 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶 Lengkok Major
Major Arc
 EXAMPLE :
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah bulatan dengan jejari 21 cm dan berpusat di O. ∠ ROS
22
ialah 72°. Hitung panjang lengkok major RS. (𝜋 = )
7
The diagram below shows a circle with a radius of 21 cm and centered at O. ∠ROS is 72°.
22
Calculate the length of major arc RS. (𝜋 = )
7

Penyelesaian : Solution :
Sudut pada pusat O = 360 – 72 Sudut O Angle at centre O = 360 – 72 Angle O
= 288 untuk = 288 for major
lengkok arc RS.
major RS
Panjang Lengkok RS θ 𝐴𝑟𝑐 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑅𝑆 𝜃
= 360° = 360𝑂
2πj 2𝜋𝑗

𝑥 288° 𝑥 288°
22 = 360° 22 = 360°
2× 7 ×21 2× 7 ×21
360°x = 288° (132) 360° x = 288° (132)
360° x = 38016 360° x = 38016 Simbol ∠ adalah tatatanda bagi sudut.
38016 38016 ∠ is a notation for angle.
x = x =
360° 360°
x = 105.6 cm. x = 105.6 cm.
DETERMINING AREA OF A SECTOR
▪ Luas suatu sektor adalah berkadaran (sepadan) dengan luas bulatan tersebut.
The area of the sector is proportional to the area of the circle.
▪ Formula :
Sektor Minor AOB
𝐋𝐮𝐚𝐬 𝐒𝐞𝐤𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐒𝐮𝐝𝐮𝐭 𝐏𝐚𝐝𝐚 𝐏𝐮𝐬𝐚𝐭 Minor Sector AOB
=
𝐋𝐮𝐚𝐬 𝐁𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝐎

𝐋𝐮𝐚𝐬 𝐀𝐎𝐁 𝛉
=
𝝅𝒋𝟐 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝐎

𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝑺𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆 𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆

=
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝑪𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒍𝒆 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶

𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝑨𝑶𝑩 𝜽
=
𝝅𝒋𝟐 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶 Sektor Major AOB
Major Sector AOB
EXAMPLE :
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah bulatan dengan pusat O dan jejari 21 mm.
22
Hitung luas sector minor MON. (𝜋 = )
7
The diagram below shows a circle with centre O and radius 21 mm. Calculate the area
22
of the minor sector MON. (𝜋 = )
7

Penyelesaian : Solution :
𝑳𝒖𝒂𝒔 𝑺𝒆𝒌𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝑺𝒖𝒅𝒖𝒕 𝑷𝒂𝒅𝒂 𝑷𝒖𝒔𝒂𝒕 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝑺𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆 𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆
= =
𝑳𝒖𝒂𝒔 𝑩𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝑪𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒍𝒆 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶

𝑳𝒖𝒂𝒔 𝑴𝑶𝑵 𝜽 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝑴𝑶𝑵 𝜽

= 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶 = 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶 Untuk mencari panjang lengkok major MNO,
𝝅𝒋𝟐 𝝅𝒋𝟐
cari nilai θ untuk sektor major MNO
𝑥 100° 𝑥 100° terlebih dahulu :
22 = 360𝑂 = 360𝑂
7
× 21 × 21 22
× 21 × 21 To find the area of major sector MNO,
7
360° x = 100 (1386) find 𝜃 of the major sector by :
360°x = 100 (1386)
𝛉 = 360 ° – 100 ° = 260 °
138600 138600
x = x =
360𝑂 360𝑂
x = 385 𝑐𝑚2 x = 385 𝑐𝑚2
 Jangan Keliru!!
Don’t Get Confused!!
A COMPLETE CIRCLE A PART / SECTOR OF A CIRCLE
Jika mahu Lilitan / Perimeter Luas Panjang Lengkok Luas Sektor
cari nilai Circumference / Area Length of an arc Area of a sector
If you want Perimeter
to find

𝐏𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐋𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐤𝐨𝐤 𝛉 𝐋𝐮𝐚𝐬 𝐒𝐞𝐤𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝛉

= =
𝟐𝛑𝐣 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝐎 𝝅𝒋𝟐 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝐎
FORMULA 2𝛑𝐣 𝛑𝐣𝟐
2𝝅𝒓 𝝅𝒓𝟐 𝑨𝒓𝒄 𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝜽 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝑺𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝜽
= =
𝟐𝝅𝒓 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶 𝝅𝒋𝟐 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝑶
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