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Dynamic analysis of g+5 multistory building
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
In order to design a structure to resist wind and earthquake loads, the forces on the structure must
be specified. The exact forces that will occur during the life of the structure cannot be anticipated.
Most National Building Codes identify some factors according to the boundary conditions of each
building considered in the analysis to provide for life safety. A realistic estimate for these factors is
important; however the cost of construction and therefore the In order to design a structure to resist
wind and earthquake loads, the forces on the structure must be specified. The exact forces that will
occur during the life of the structure cannot be anticipated. Most National Building Codes identify
some factors according to the boundary conditions of each building considered in the analysis to
provide for life safety. A realistic estimate for these factors is important. During an earthquake,
failure of structure starts at points of weakness. This weakness arises due to discontinuity in mass,
stiffness and geometry of structure. The structures having this discontinuity are termed as Irregular
structures. Irregular structures contribute a large portion of urban infrastructure. Vertical
irregularities are one of the major reasons of failures of structures during earthquakes. For example
structures with soft storey were the most notable structures which collapsed. So, the effect of
vertically irregularities in the seismic performance of structures becomes really important.
Height-wise changes in stiffness and mass render the dynamic characteristics of these buildings
different from the “regular„ building. IS 1893 definition of Vertically Irregular structures: The
irregularity in the building structures may be due to irregular distributions in their mass, strength
and stiffness along the height of building. When such buildings are constructed in high seismic
zones, the analysis and design becomes more complicated
The component of the building, which resists the seismic forces, is known as lateral force resisting
system (L.F.R.S). The L.F.R.S of the building may be of different types. The most common forms
of these systems in a structure are special moment resisting frames, shear walls and frame-shear
wall dual systems. The damage in a structure generally initiates at location of the structural weak
planes present in the building systems. These weaknesses trigger further structural deterioration
which leads to the structural collapse. These weaknesses often occur due to presence of the
Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 1

structural irregularities in stiffness, strength and mass in a building system. The structural
irregularity can be broadly classified as plan and vertical irregularities. A structure can be
classified as vertically irregular if it contains irregular distribution of mass, strength and stiffness
along the building height. As per IS 1893:2002, a story in a building is said to contain mass
irregularity if its mass exceeds 200% than that of the adjacent storey. If stiffness of a storey is less
than 60% of the adjacent storey, then a storey is termed as „weak storey‟. If stiffness of a storey is
less than 70% or above as compared to the adjacent storey, then the storey is termed as “soft
storey”. In reality, many existing buildings contain irregularity, and some of them have been
designed initially to be irregular to fulfil different functions e.g. basements for commercial
purposes created by eliminating central columns. Also, reduction of size of beams and columns in
the upper storeys to fulfil functional requirements and for other commercial purposes like storing
heavy mechanical appliances etc. This difference in usage of a specific floor with respect to the
adjacent floors results in irregular distributions of mass, stiffness and strength along the building
height. In addition, many other buildings are accidentally rendered irregular due to variety of
reasons like non-uniformity in construction practices and material used. The building can have
irregular distributions of mass, strength and stiffness along plan also. In such a case it can be said
that the building has a horizontal irregularity.
ETABS is the present day leading design software in the market. Many design company’s use this
software for their project design purpose. ETABS stands for Extended Three dimensional Analysis
of Building Systems. ETABS is commonly used to analyze: Skyscrapers, parking garages, steel &
concrete structures, low and high rise buildings, and portal frame structures. So, this project
mainly deals with the comparative analysis of the results obtained from the analysis of a multi
storied building structure when analyzed manually and using ETABS software. Structural
response to earthquake depends on Dynamic characteristics of the structures and intensity,
duration and frequency content of existing ground motion.
From the start of design conception through the production of schematic drawings, ETABS
integrates every aspect of the engineering design process. Creation of models has never been easier
- intuitive drawing commands allow for the rapid generation of floor and elevation framing. CAD
drawings can be converted directly into ETABS models or used as templates onto which ETABS
objects may be overlaid. Design of steel and concrete frames (with automated optimization),

composite beams, composite columns, steel joists, and concrete and masonry shear walls is
included, as is the capacity check for steel connections and base plates. Models may be realistically
rendered, and all results can be shown directly on the structure. Comprehensive and customizable
reports are available for all analysis and design output, and schematic construction drawings of
framing plans, schedules, details, and cross-sections may be generated for concrete and steel
structures.
1.2 RCC FRAMES Structure
RCC framed structure is basically an assembly of slabs, beams, columns and

foundation interconnected to each other as a unit. The load transfer mechanism in these
structures is from slabs to beams, from beams to columns, and then ultimately from columns
to the foundation, which in turn passes the load to the soil.
Fig RC Frame Structure

1.3 BASIC ASPECTS OF DYNAMIC DESIGN
The mass of the building being designed controls seismic design in addition to the building
stiffness, because earthquake induces inertia forces that are proportional to the building mass.
Designing buildings to behave elastically during earthquakes without damage may render the
project economically unviable. As a consequence, it may be necessary for the structure to undergo
damage and thereby dissipate the energy input to it during the earthquake. Therefore, the
traditional earthquake-resistant design philosophy requires that normal buildings should be able to
resist:
(a) Minor (and frequent) shaking with no damage to structural and non-structural elements;
(b) Moderate shaking with minor damage to structural elements, and some damage to
nonstructural elements; and
(c) Severe (and infrequent) shaking with damage to structural elements, but with NO collapse (to
save life and property inside/adjoining the building).
In contrast, structural damage is not acceptable under design wind forces. For this reason, design
against earthquake effects is called as earthquake resistant design and not earthquake-proof design.
Fig ii affect of earthquake on building structure

Fig iii wind pressure on exposed area

1.4 SEISMIC ZONES OF INDIA
Based on the levels of intensities sustained during damaging past earthquakes, the seismic zone
map is revised with only four zones, instead of five. While Zone I has been merged to Zone II.
Hence, Zone I does not appear in the new zoning; only Zones II, III, IV and V.
Fig iv Modified Seismic zones of INDIA (IS 1893-PAR 2002)
1.5 STUDY OF PROJECT

1.5.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The present work aims at the study of following objectives:
1. How the dynamic evaluation of a building should be carried out.
2. To study the behavior of a building under the action of seismic loads and wind load.
3. To analysis results of building under zone iii using ETABS Software.
4. The building model in the study has five storey with constant storey height of 3.25m. Models are
used to analyze with custom grid spacing system.
5. Different values of zone factor are taken and their corresponding effects are interpreted in the
results.

6. Different values of load are taken for analysis and their corresponding effects of building
structure are interpreted in the results.
1.5.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

1. Based on project, study was undertaken with a view to determine the extent of possible changes
in the dynamic behavior of RC Building Models.
2. RC framed buildings are firstly designed for gravity loads and then for seismic loads and wind
load.
3. The study has been carried out by introducing symmetrical frame building models on zone iii
using Response Spectrum Analysis.
4. The study highlights the effect of seismic zone factor in zones iii which is considered in the
seismic performance evaluation of buildings.
5. The study emphasis and discusses the effect of seismic load and wind load on the G+5
building structure.
6. The entire process of modeling, analysis and design of all the primary elements for all the
models are carried by using ETABS 16.2.0 nonlinear version software.
1.6 NEED FOR PRESENT STUDY

Due to increase in population, availability of land and its costs, advances in construction
technology, types of materials used the development of multistory building is increased
rapidly throughout the world. The multi storey building and its design is mainly governed by
lateral forces it may be wind or earthquake. To analyze these forces dynamic systems are used.
The selected structural systems should be such that, the structural elements are used effectively
to satisfy the design elements.
A reinforced concrete frame structural system is used in this building. Because of its
structural efficiency, configuration and flexibility in plan it is achieved as a better solution
against lateral loads.

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
Growth of tall structures increases due to development in construction technology and
structural systems. Tall structures are analyzed to resist horizontal forces due to wind or
earthquake. Generally, shear wall, core wall, bracings etc. are used to resist lateral loads but we
have not used any of the resistant structural members because our structural is only g+5 storey.
Recently new trend to resist lateral load is diagrid system. Due to its structural efficiency and
aesthetical appearances, geometrical configuration Diagrid structural system is widely used.
2.2 Historical Background

Mr.J.Dinesh Reddy,[2017]
Reinforced Concrete (RC) building frames are most common types of constructions in urban
India. These are subjected to several types of forces during their lifetime, such as static
forces due to dead and live loads and dynamic forces due to earthquake. This paper presents
comparative study of static and dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete building due to
earthquake. In present study, computer aided analysis of G+4-storied reinforced concrete
building is carried out for static and dynamic analysis by using ETABS (Extended Three
dimensional Analysis of Building System) software. Load consideration is based on indian
Building Code (is875 part-1,2,3,5). Firstly, the proposed building is analyzed with linear
static analysis(Equivalent Static method). Secondly, linear dynamic analysis (response
spectrum method is used. In this paper, the results of static and dynamic (response
spectrum) analysis such as lateral story loads, displacement, storey shear, storey stiffness,
storey moment and storey drift are obtained.
J.Chiranjeevi Yadav, L.Ramprasad Reddy[2017]

In the present scenario of construction industry, the buildings that are being constructed are
gaining significance, in general, those with best possible outcomes with reference to optimal sizing
and reinforcing of the structural elements, mainly beam and column members in multi-bay and
multi–storey RC structures. Optimal sizing incorporates optimal stiffness co-relation among
structural members and results in cost savings over the typical state-of-the practice design
solutions.“Optimization” means making things the best. The race towards new heights and
architecture has not been without challenges. When the building increases in height, the stiffness
of the structure becomes more important. Tall structures have continued to climb higher and higher
facing strange loading effects and very high loading values due to dominating lateral loads. The
design criteria for tall buildings are strength, serviceability, stability and human comfort. Thus the
effects of lateral loads like wind loads, earthquake forces are attaining increasing importance and
almost every designer is faced with the problem of providing adequate strength and stability
against lateral loads. Effect of lateral load on moments, axial forces, shear force, base shear,
maximum storey drift and tensile forces on structural system are studied and also comparing the
results of zone 2 and zone 5.
Udaya Bala Kl, Manish Kumar Gupta And Senthil Pandian M [2017]
In this paper, for the dynamic analysis, a plan of a multi-storey building is taken and it has been
modelled with different structural elements for minimum story displacement. The dynamic
analysis of multi-storey buildings is done using Etabs 2015 by IS and SP codal provisions (ETABS
User’s Manual, 2015). The multi-storey building is R.C.C. structure with 3 basements + ground
floor + 14 upper floors in zone IV with a maximum earth fill of 750 mm on the ground floor for
landscape requirements. By comparing the results of dynamic analysis, the performance of the
structural system can be evaluated.
Md. Majid Raza1, Basawantaraya Gouda [2019]
Structural Analysis is a branch which involves in the determination of behavior of structures in
order to predict the responses of real structures such as buildings, bridges, trusses etc. Under the
improvement of expected loading & external environment during the service life of structure. The
results of analysis are used to verify the structure fitness for use. Computer software’s are also
being used for the calculation of forces, bending moment, stress, strain &deformation or deflection
for a complex structural system. The principle objective of this project is the comparative study on

design and analysis of high-rise residential building (G+10) by using ETABS software. ETABS is
one of the leading software’s for the design of structures. In this project we had analyzed the
(G+10) building for finding the shear forces, bending moments, deflections & reinforcement
details for the structural components of building (such as Beams, columns & slabs) to develop the
economic design, Finally we made an attempt to do Seismic analysis by both Static (Equivalent
Lateral) and Dynamic(Response Spectrum Analysis) method for (G+10) residential building using
ETABS Software tool.
Mohit Sharma1, Dr. Savita Maru [2014]
Analysis and design of buildings for static forces is a routine affair these days because of
availability of affordable computers and specialized programs which can be used for the analysis.
On the other hand, dynamic analysis is a time consuming process and requires additional input
related to mass of the structure, and an understanding of structural dynamics for interpretation of
analytical results. Reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings are most common type of
constructions in urban India, which are subjected to several types of forces during their lifetime,
such as static forces due to dead and live loads and dynamic forces due to the wind and earthquake.
Here the present works (problem taken) are on a G+30 storied regular building. These buildings
have the plan area of 25m x 45m with a storey height 3.6m each and depth of foundation is 2.4 m.
& total height of chosen building including depth of foundation is 114 m. The static and dynamic
analysis has done on computer with the help of STAAD-Pro software using the parameters for the
design as per the IS-1893- 2002-Part-1 for the zones- 2 and 3 and the post processing result
obtained has summarized.
Akil Ahmed [2019]
The important objective of earthquake engineers is to design and build a structure in such a way
that damage to the structure and its structural component during the earthquake is minimized. This
report aims towards the dynamic analysis of a multi-storey RCC building with symmetrical
configuration. For the analysis purpose model of ten storeys RCC with symmetrical floor plan is
considered. The analysis is carried by using finite element based software SAP 2000. Various
response parameters such as lateral force, base shear, story drift, story shear can be determined.
For dynamic analysis time history method or response spectra method can be used .Time-history
analysis is a step-by-step analysis of the dynamical response of a structure to a specified loading

that may vary with time. The analysis may be linear or non-linear. Dynamic analysis can be
performed for symmetrical as well as unsymmetrical building. Dynamic analysis can be in the
form of nonlinear dynamic time history analysis. In this paper, a nonlinear time history analysis is
performed on a ten storey RCC building frame considering time history of El Centro earthquake
1940 using SAP 2000. The main parameters of the seismic analysis of structures are load carrying
capacity, ductility, stiffness, damping and mass. The various response parameters like base shear,
storey drift, storey displacements etc are calculated. The storey drift calculated is compared with
the minimum requirement of storey drift as per IS 1893:2002 .
B.Rajesh ,Mr.Sadat Ali Khan, Mr.Mani Kandan [2015]

This paper aims towards the static and dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete building with
plan irregularity. Four models of G+15 storey building with one regular plan and remaining
irregular plan have been taken for the investigation. The analysis of R.C.C. building is carried out
with the FE based software ETABS 9.5. Estimation of response such as; lateral forces, base shear,
storey drift, storey shear is carried out. The paper also deals with the effect of the variation of
the building plan on the structural response building. Dynamic responses under prominent
earthquake,related to IS 1893–2002(part1)
C.V.S. Lavanya, Emily.P.Pailey, Md. Mansha Sabreen [2017]
ETABS stands for Extended Three Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems. The main purpose
of this software is to design multi-storeyed building in a systematic process. The effective design
and construction of an earthquake resistant structures have great importance all over the world.
This project presents multi-storeyed residential building analysed and designed with lateral
loading effect of earthquake using ETABS. This project is designed as per INDIAN CODES- IS
1893-part2:2002, IS 456:2000. This analysis is carried out by considering severe seismic zones
and behaviour is assessed by taking type-II Soil condition.
K.Upendra Reddy ,Dr.E.Arunakanthi [2017]
Extinct earthquakes events demonstrate that, buildings with irregularity are prone to earthquake
damages. Thus as it's essential to identify the unstable response of the structure even in high
seismic zones to chop back the seismic damages in buildings. Modern buildings have efficient
structural systems, and utilize high-strength materials, resulting in reduced building height, and
thus, become more slender and flexible with low damping. These flexible buildings are very

sensitive to wind excitation and earthquake load causing discomfort to the building occupants.
Reinforced concrete multi storey buildings are subjected to most dangerous earthquakes. It was
found that main reason for failure of RC building is irregularity in its plan dimension and its lateral
force resisting system. This project aims at studying of the seismic analysis and design on
structural behaviour of multi-storey building (G+12) for different plan configurations like
Rectangular, C- shape, T-Shape, O-Shape Buildings using ETABS v9.7.1 computer program. A
detailed parametric study is carried out to investigate the effect of various parameters on the
building structure by non-linear dynamic analysis for medium soil at zone V. Finally the results are
observed to study the effect of structural displacements, drifts, story shear, overturning moments.
Comparison of the results of non linear dynamic analysis for different structure is done. The whole
models were analysed with the help of ETABS 9.7.1 version. Within the gift study, Comparative
Dynamic analysis for all four cases is investigated to gauge the deformation of the structure .
M. Bello, A.A Adedeji, R.O. Rahmon [2017]

In the year 2016 two earth tremors occurred in Kaduna State with moment magnitude of 2.6 and
intensity 3 and it has been described as mini-earthquake by the center of geodesy and geodynamic
Toro, the tremor caused a huge rock to cracks on three different spots on a large rock, located at
Hayin Magina of the area. Aside that, many houses were affected, with visible cracks on their
walls and other areas. The dynamic analysis of RC structures has to be carried out in other to
understand the behaviour of the structure under seismic excitation. The main aim of this paper is to
determine the maximum deflection of the building under earthquake excitation. To understand the
behaviour of the structure under earthquake excitation, a dynamic analysis has been conducted
using ETABS. A three-dimensional model of the structure was created to undertake the linear
analysis. The properties (section and material) of the model are assigned. After this, the dynamic
analysis is performed. From the response spectrum analysis performed according to EC8 with a
ductility value of q=1.5 in the building by applying the SRSS spectra along both directions (X and
Y) of the building in the structural axes, the maximum response displacement and storey drift is at
storey four in Y direction of the building.

Chapter 3
METHOD OF ANALYSIS
3.1 Introduction
The methods for analysis are:
3.2 SEISMIC-ANALYSIS: Seismic analysis is a major tool in earthquake engineering which is
used to understand the response of buildings due to seismic excitations in a simpler way. In the
past the buildings were designed just for gravity loads and seismic analysis is a recent
development. It is a part of structural analysis and a part of structural design where earthquake is
prevent.
There are different types of earthquake analysis methods. Some of them are
1. Equivalent Static Analysis
2. Push over analysis
3. Response Spectrum Analysis
4. Time History Analysis
3.2 EQUIVALENT STATIC ANALYSIS: The equivalent static analysis procedure is essentially
an elastic design technique. It is, however, simple to apply than the multi-model response method,
with the absolute simplifying assumptions being arguably more consistent with other assumptions
absolute elsewhere in the design procedure. The equivalent static analysis procedure consists of
the following steps: Estimate the first mode response period of the building from the design
response spectra. Use the specific design response spectra to determine that the lateral base shear
of the complete building is consistent with the level of post-elastic (ductility) response assumed.
Distribute the
base shear between the various lumped mass levels usually based on an inverted triangular shear
distribution of 90% of the base shear commonly, with 10% of the base shear being imposed at the
top level to allow for higher mode effects.
3.3 PUSHOVER ANALYSIS: This is a performance based analysis and has aim in controlling the
structural damage. In this analysis several built in hinge properties are included for concrete
members. This analysis will be carried out by using nonlinear software ETABS. This software is

able to predict the displacement level and corresponding base shear where first yield of structure
occurs. The main objective to perform this analysis is to find displacement vs. base shear graph.
3.4 RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS: This approach permits the multiple modes of response
of a building to be taken into account. This is required in many building codes for all except for
very simple or very complex structures. The structural response can be defined as a combination of
many modes. Computer analysis can be used to determine these modes for a structure. For each
mode, a response is obtained from the design spectrum, corresponding to the modal frequency and
the modal mass, and then they are combined to estimate the total response of the structure. In this
the magnitude of forces in all directions is calculated and then effects on the building are observed.
Following are the types of combination methods:
 Absolute - peak values are added together

 Square root of the sum of the squares (SRSS)
 Complete quadratic combination (CQC) - a method that is an improvement on SRSS for
closely spaced modes.
The result of a RSM analysis from the response spectrum of a ground motion is typically different
from that which would be calculated directly from a linear dynamic analysis using that ground
motion directly, because information of the phase is lost in the process of generating the response
spectrum. In cases of structures with large irregularity, too tall or of significance to a community in
disaster response, the response spectrum approach is no longer appropriate, and more complex
analysis is often required, such as non-linear static or dynamic analysis.
3.5 TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS: Time history analysis techniques involve the stepwise solution
in the time domain of the multi degree-of-freedom equations of motion which represent the actual
response of a building. It is the most sophisticated analysis method available to a structural
engineer. Its solution is a direct function of the earthquake ground motion selected as an input
parameter for a specific building. This analysis technique is usually limited to checking the
suitability of assumptions made during the design of important structures rather than a method of
assigning lateral forces themselves. The steps involved in time history analysis are as follows:

1. Calculation of Modal matrix
2. Calculation of effective force vector
3. Obtaining of Displacement response in normal coordinate
4. Obtaining of Displacement response in physical coordinate
5. Calculation of effective earthquake response forces at each storey.
6. Calculation of maximum response
Seismic analysis

Response spectrum

CHAPTER 4
METHODOLOGY
4.1 Introduction
4.2 LIST OF CODE USED
IS 456 (2000): Plain and Reinforced Concrete
IS 875 (1987) part 1: Design of dead load other than earthquake for building structure
IS 875 (1987) part 2: Design load other than earthquake for building structure for imposed load
IS 875 (1987) part 3: Design load other than earthquake for building structure for wind load
IS 875 (1987) part 5: Design load other than earthquake for building structure for load
combination
IS 1893 (2016) : Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures
4.2 GENERAL DETAILS OF BUILDING
An architectural plan of building confining to all architectural aspect as required.
Types of structure: multistory rigid joint RC frame structure

No of story: G+5 story
Floor to floor height: 3.25m
Plinth level: 1.25m above ground level
Location of structure: zone iii
Type of soil on which structure rest: medium soil
4.3 STUDY OF ARCHITECTURAL PLAN AND STRUCTURAL PLAN
4.3.1 Detail of building

staircase architectural calculation for planning and comfort ability check
story height: 3250mm
height of one flight: storey height/2=3250/2=1625mm
consider 10 no of riser in one flight:

riser depth=height of one flight/no of riser=1625/10=162.5mm

no of tread=no of riser-1=10-1=9
tread length=clear distances/no of tread=2620/9=291.11
For comfort check:
2R+T should be between 550mm to 700mm.
hence,2R+T=(2*162.5)+291.11=616.11
hence,550<616.11<700mm
hence, ok
Check of angle of stair:

angle of stair =height of one flight/clear distance b/w two flight *tan^-1
=1625/2620
=31.8’
Hence, ok
4.3.2 Structural Planning

Codal Provision for structural planning, with respect to sizing of element
For floor slab: Clause 23 and 24 of Is 456:2000.

For Beam: Clause 6 of 13920 and clause 23 of 456:2000
For Columns: Clause 7 of 13920: 2016
4.4 For Slab - Preliminary sizing

slab, Preliminary dimension as per deflection point of view by l/d ratio as per clause 24.1. (IS
456:2000)
Lx = 3.24 m. (shorter)
Ly = 2.99 m (longer Clause 24 solid slab.
Consider shorter for Calculation as - per IS 456
Note for slab spanning in too direction the shorter of the two spans should be used for calculating
the span to effective depth ratio.
The entire slab is Continuous, so

L/d=40*0.8
We are using HYSD, bar so the factor coefficient should be multiplied by 0.8 as clause 24.1
D= 0.102m
D=102mm
Hence, providing preliminary section for analysis 1. Floor Slab (D) = 125mm along with clear
cover.
Live load taken on stair is more as compared floor slab. So, take stair depth more
2. Stair case waist Slab = 250 mm
4.5 For Beam- Preliminary Sizing
Preliminary dimension as per clause 6 of 13920 and clause 23of IS 456:200

A clauses 23of IS 456:200
A) Per clause 23-2.1, the value of Span up to effective depth ratio for span up to 10m is 26
because all beams are continuous beam.
L/d=26
4.74/d=– 26
d=0.183m
d = 183 mm
Beam should not be less than 183 mm
B) Clauses 6 of 13920:2016
as per clause 6.1.1 = b/d>0.3
as per clause 6.1.2 = width should not be less than 200mm
as per clause 6.1.3 = d<1/4*clear span
Hence primary beam =240*325 mm

secondary beam =240*250 mm
plinth beam =240*250mm

4.6 Column preliminary sizing

Column, preliminary dimension as per clause 7.1.1 of 13920.
Minimum dimension of a column shall not be less than
i) 20d - 20x 12 = 240 mm

ii) 300 mm
Hence considering both condition
providing preliminary section for analysis
Column = 350 mm x 350mm (for outer column)

Column = 375 x 375 mm (for inner column)
4.7 Material Properties

to carry out the work in ETABS software the properties of the materials such as concrete and steel
should be defined. Similarly the loads should be defined such as live load, super dead loads. Grade
of concrete: M20
Grade of steel: Fe 415
4.8 Types of Loads on Structures:

1. Dead loads
2. Imposed loads (or) live load
3. Wind
4. Earthquake loads (or) seismic loads
6. Load combination
4.8.1 Dead load
The first vertical load that is considered is dead load. Dead loads are permanent or stationary loads
which are transferred to structure throughout the life span. Dead load is primarily due to self
weight of structural members, permanent partition walls, fixed permanent equipments and weight
of different materials. It majorly consists of the weight of roofs, beams, walls and column etc.
which are otherwise the permanent parts of the building. The calculation of dead loads of each
structure are calculated by the volume of each section and multiplied with the unit weight.

4.8.2 Imposed Loads or Live Loads (IL or LL):
The second vertical load that is considered in design of a structure is imposed loads or live loads.
Live loads are either movable or moving loads without any acceleration or impact. These loads are
assumed to be produced by the intended use or occupancy of the building including weights of
movable partitions or furniture etc. Live loads keep on changing from time to time. These loads are
to be suitably assumed by the designer. It is one of the major loads in the design. The minimum
values of live loads to be assumed are given in IS 875 (part 2)–1987. It depends upon the intended
use of the building. The code gives the values of live loads for the following occupancy
classification: 1.Residential buildings–dwelling houses, hotels, hostels, boiler rooms and plant
rooms, garages 2. Educational buildings 3.Institutional buildings 4.Assembly buildings 5.Business
and office buildings 6.Mercantile buildings 7.Industrial buildings and 8.Storage rooms. The code
gives uniformly distributed load as well as concentrated loads. The floor slabs have to be designed
to carry either uniformly distributed loads or concentrated loads whichever produce greater
stresses in the part under consideration. Since it is unlikely that any one particular time all floors
will not be simultaneously carrying maximum loading, the code permits some reduction in
imposed loads in designing columns, load bearing walls, piers supports and foundation.
4.8.3 Wind load:
Wind load is primarily horizontal load caused by the movement of air relative to earth. Wind load
is required to be considered in structural design especially when the heath of the building exceeds
two times the dimensions transverse to the exposed wind surface.
For low rise building say up to four to five stories, the wind load is not critical because the moment
of resistance provided by the continuity of floor system to column connection and walls provided
between columns are sufficient to accommodate the effect of these forces. Further in limit state
method the factor for design load is reduced to 1.2 (DL+LL+WL) when wind is considered as
against the factor of 1.5(DL+LL) when wind is not considered.
The horizontal forces exerted by the components of winds are to be kept in mind while designing is
the building. The calculation of wind loads depends on the two factors, namely velocity of wind

and size of the building. Complete details of calculating wind load on structures are given below
(by the IS875 (Part 3) -1987) Using color code, basic wind pressure ‘Vb’ is shown in a map of
India. Designer can pick up the value of Vb depending upon the locality of the building.
To get the design wind velocity Vz the following expression shall be used: Vz = k1.k2.k3.Vb
Where k1 = Risk coefficient, k2 = Coefficient based on terrain, height and structure size, k3 =
Topography factor
The design wind pressure is given by, pz = 0.6 V2z
where pz is in N/m2 at height Z and Vz is in m/sec. Up to a height of 30 m, the wind pressure is

considered to act uniformly. Above 30 m height, the wind pressure increases.
4.8.4 Earthquake Loads:
Earthquake forces constitute to both vertical and horizontal forces on the building. The total
vibration caused by earthquake may be resolved into three mutually perpendicular directions,
usually taken as vertical and two horizontal directions. The movement in vertical direction do not
cause forces in superstructure to any significant extent. But the horizontal movement of the
building at the time of earthquake is to be considered while designing.
The response of the structure to the ground vibration is a function of the nature of foundation soil,
size and mode of construction and the duration and intensity of ground motion. IS 1893– 2015
gives the details of such calculations for structures standing on soils which will not considerably
settle or slide appreciably due to earthquake. The seismic accelerations for the design may be
arrived at from seismic coefficient, which is defined as the ratio of acceleration due to earthquake
and acceleration due to gravity. For monolithic reinforced concrete structures located in the
seismic zone 2, and 3 without more than 5 stories high and importance factor less than 1, the
seismic forces are not critical.
4.9 Load calculation

A) Super Imposed load: (load pattern = Super Dead) as per Is 875- Part2
i) load intensity for 10 mm thick mortar is 0.21 kn/m2 but for 50mm thick mortar is to be 0.21*5
= 1.05 kn/m2.
ii) Ceiling plaster (6mm) = 0.21* 0.61 = 0.126 kn/m2.

iii) Clay Floor tiles of 12.5 mm = 0.12 kn/m2.
for floor excluding terrace SIDL is 1.05+0.126+0.12=1.296kn/m2

iv) Thickness of water proofing =125 mm.

Density of water proofing course =22 kn/m3.
Load intensity of water proofing course =0.0125*22=2.75kn/m2
For terrace SIDL

=2.75 + 0.126
=2.816 kn/m2
Density of Concrete= 25kN/m

Density of floor finish=23.5 kn/m3
iv) Load of Step = (1/T)*(RT/2)* density of concrete

= (1/0.2911)*(0.1625*0.2911/2)*25
=2.03kn/m2
vi) Load of floor finish of step.

= (thickness of floor finish*tread)/tread *density of floor finish
= (0.020*0.2911)/0.2911 *23.5
= 0.47 kn/m2
SIDL for steps of stair = 2.03+0.47=2.5kn/m2
B) Live load: as per is 875 part 2 for residential building is as follows

living room = 2kn/m2 bed room = 2kn/m2
kitchen = 2kn/m2 passage = 3kn/m2
bathroom = 2kn/m2 stair = 3kn/m2
balcony = 3kn/m2 terrace = 1.5kn/m2
Earthquake load and wind load as per is code 1893:2016 and is 875
Wall load calculation:

storey ht=3.25m
primary beam = 240*325mm
secondary beam = 240*250mm
wall width = 240mm
for our construction we will use aac block

unit weight of aac block = 6kn/m2
compressive strength of aac block = 4n/mm2
on manual calculation we get wall load as below;

i) wall under primary beam = 6.552kn/m
ii) wall under secondary beam = 6.72kn/m

iii) wall under stair case secondary beam = 3.218kn/m

iv) wall under stair case primary beam = 3.042kn/m
v) external wall load under primary beam = 6.842kn/m
vi) parapet wall on terrace = 2.925kn/m
4.10 ANALYSIS OF RC FRAME BY SOFTWARE ETABS

Step 1: Step by Step procedure for ETABS Analysis: The procedure carried out for Modeling and
analyzing the structure involves the following flow chart.
Step 2: Create the Grid points and Generation of structure After getting opened the program, select
a new model and a window appears where we had entered the details of grid dimensions and story
dimensions of our building. Here the program had generated 2D and 3D structure by specifying the
building details in the following two windows.
Step 3: Define property after created the grids, start to define the material property and steel
reinforcements). After that define section properties (beams, columns, slabs, and wall) by giving
the specified details in defining. After that we define section size by selecting frame sections as
shown below and added the required section for beams, columns etc.
Step 4: Assigning of Property After defining the property for materials and section properties, now
draw the structural components using command menu → Draw line for beam and create columns
in region for columns by which property assigning is completed for beams and columns sections.
Step 5: Assigning of Supports After drawing the details of building (beams, columns, slabs, wall),
now assigned the supports by going to assign menu →joint\frame →Restraints (supports) →fixed.
Step 6: Defining of loads The loads in ETABS program are defined as using static load cases
command in define menu.
Step 7: Assigning of Dead loads After defining all the loads, dead loads are assigned for external
walls and internal walls.
Step 8: Assigning of Live loads Live loads are assigned for the entire structure including floor
finishing.
Step 9: Assigning of wind loads Wind loads are defined and assigned as per IS 875 1987 PART 3
(Indian code) by giving the value of wind speed.
Step 10: Assigning of Seismic loads Seismic loads are defined and assigned as per IS 1893: 2002
(Indian code) by giving the details of zone, soil type, and response reduction factor in X and Y
directions.
Step 11: Assigning of load combinations Load combinations are given based on IS 875 1987
PART 5 (Indian code) using load combinations command in define menu.

Step 12: Analysis After the completed

ompleted all the above steps, now performed the analysis and check
all the errors.
Fig Rc frame structure

Assign of load:

Assign of wall load:

CHAPTER 5
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The results of the Building Structures are analyzed in ETABS by response spectrum method. The
results of Maximum Storey Displacement, Storey drift; Storey shear etc of the model is analyzed.
For determining the most stable structure the models that we have studied, graphs and tables have
drawn for different condition. Results for maximum bending moment and shear force of beam and
column for the building.
Table i Storey drift limitation check
STOREY LOAD DIRECT ETAB STOR ALLOW CHEC

COMBINATION ION S EY ABLE K
DRIFT DRIFT DRIFT
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) X 4.20E- 0.1312 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 05 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLX) X 0.0004 1.3156 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 21 25
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLX) X 0.0003 1.1125 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 56
5TH FLOOR 1.0DL+SIDL+ELX) X 0.0006 2.1125 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 76
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELX) X 0.0006 1.9062 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 1 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX+e X 0.0006 2.0406 13 OK
HEAD ROOM )] 53 25
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX+e X 0.0005 1.8125 13 OK
HEAD ROOM )] 8
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX-e X 0.0007 2.2406 13 OK
HEAD ROOM )] 17 25
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX-e) X 0.0006 2.0375 13 OK
HEAD ROOM ] 52
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELY) X 5.60E- 0.175 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 05
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0007 2.2406 13 OK
HEAD ROOM )] Max 17 25
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 2.40E- 0.075 13 OK
HEAD ROOM )] Min 05
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 7.10E- 0.2218 13 OK
HEAD ROOM ] Max 05 75
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 0.0006 2.0375 13 OK

HEAD ROOM ] Min 52

5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL X 0.0003 1.0875 13 OK
HEAD ROOM +WLX) 48
HEAD ROOM -WLX) 74 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL X 4.90E- 0.1531 13 OK
HEAD ROOM -WLY) 05 25
HEAD ROOM +ELX) 51 75
HEAD ROOM -ELX) 78 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL X 0.0005 1.6718 13 OK
HEAD ROOM +(ELX+e)] 35 75
HEAD ROOM -(ELX+e)] 52
HEAD ROOM +(ELX-e)] 85 25
HEAD ROOM -(ELX-e)] 11 75
HEAD ROOM -ELY) 05
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL X 7.00E- 0.2187 13 OK
HEAD ROOM +(ELY+e)] 05 5
HEAD ROOM -(ELY+e)] 05 25
HEAD ROOM +(ELY-e)] Max 85 25
HEAD ROOM +(ELY-e)] Min 05 75
HEAD ROOM -(ELY-e)] Max 05 25
HEAD ROOM -(ELY-e)] Min 11 75
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) X 2.20E- 0.0687 13 OK
TERRACE 05 5
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLX) X 0.0002 0.7156 13 OK
TERRACE 29 25
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLX) X 0.0001 0.6062 13 OK
TERRACE 94 5
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLY) X 2.60E- 0.0812 13 OK
TERRACE 05 5
4TH FLOOR 1.0DL+SIDL+ELX) X 0.0007 2.3406 13 OK
TERRACE 49 25
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELX) X 0.0007 2.2312 13 OK
TERRACE 14 5

4TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX+e X 0.0008 2.525 13 OK

TERRACE )] 08
4TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX+e X 0.0007 2.4156 13 OK
TERRACE )] 73 25
4TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX-e X 0.0006 2.1562 13 OK
TERRACE )] 9 5
4TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX-e) X 0.0006 2.0468 13 OK
TERRACE ] 55 75
4TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0008 2.525 13 OK
TERRACE )] Max 08
4TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 9.30E- 0.2906 13 OK
TERRACE )] Min 05 25
TERRACE ] Max 28
TERRACE ] Min 73 25
TERRACE +WLX) 89 25
TERRACE -WLX) 5 5
TERRACE -WLY) 05 5
TERRACE +ELX) 04
TERRACE -ELX) 66 5
TERRACE +(ELX+e)] 51 75
TERRACE -(ELX+e)] 13 25
TERRACE +(ELX-e)] 57 25
TERRACE -(ELX-e)] 19 75
TERRACE -(ELY+e)] 07 75
TERRACE +(ELY-e)] Max 51 75
TERRACE +(ELY-e)] Min 05 25
TERRACE -(ELY-e)] Max 07 75
TERRACE -(ELY-e)] Min 13 25
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) X 1.80E- 0.0562 13 OK

05 5
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLX) X 0.0002 0.8812 13 OK
82 5
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLX) X 0.0002 0.7906 13 OK
53 25
3RD FLOOR 1.0DL+SIDL+ELX) X 0.0010 3.1875 13 OK
2
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELX) X 0.0009 3.0937 13 OK
9 5
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX+e X 0.0011 3.4781 13 OK
)] 13 25
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX+e X 0.0010 3.3843 13 OK
)] 83 75
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX-e X 0.0009 2.8968 13 OK
)] 27 75
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX-e) X 0.0008 2.8031 13 OK
] 97 25
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0011 3.4781 13 OK
)] Max 13 25
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0001 0.4843 13 OK
)] Min 55 75
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 0.0001 0.575 13 OK
] Max 84
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 0.0010 3.3843 13 OK
] Min 83 75
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL X 0.0002 0.7187 13 OK
+WLX) 3 5
-WLX) 98 5
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL X 2.50E- 0.0781 13 OK
-WLY) 05 25
+ELX) 2
-ELX) 88
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL X 0.0008 2.7937 13 OK
+(ELX+e)] 94 5
-(ELX+e)] 62 5
+(ELX-e)] 46 5
-(ELX-e)] 14 5
+(ELY-e)] Max 94 5


+(ELY-e)] Min 2
-(ELY-e)] Max 52
-(ELY-e)] Min 62 5
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) X 1.40E- 0.0437 13 OK
05 5
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLX) X 0.0003 1.0531 13 OK
37 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLX) X 0.0003 0.975 13 OK
12
2ND FLOOR 1.0DL+SIDL+ELX) X 0.0011 3.6406 13 OK
65 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELX) X 0.0011 3.5625 13 OK
4
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX+e X 0.0012 3.9937 13 OK
)] 78 5
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX+e X 0.0012 3.9156 13 OK
)] 53 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX-e X 0.0010 3.2875 13 OK
)] 52
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX-e) X 0.0010 3.2093 13 OK
] 27 75
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0012 3.9937 13 OK
)] Max 78 5
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0001 0.5875 13 OK
)] Min 88
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 0.0002 0.6656 13 OK
] Max 13 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 0.0012 3.9156 13 OK
] Min 53 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL X 0.0002 0.8531 13 OK
+WLX) 73 25
-WLX) 46 5
+ELX) 35 75
-ELX) 09 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL X 0.0010 3.2062 13 OK
+(ELX+e)] 26 5
-(ELX+e)] 99 75

+(ELX-e)] 45 25
-(ELX-e)] 18 5
+(ELY-e)] Max 26 5
+(ELY-e)] Min 47 75
-(ELY-e)] Max 74 5
-(ELY-e)] Min 99 75
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) X 3.70E- 0.1156 13 OK
05 25
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLX) X 0.0003 1.1343 13 OK
63 75
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLX) X 0.0003 1.1062 13 OK
54 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0DL+SIDL+ELX) X 0.0012 3.7625 13 OK
04
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELX) X 0.0011 3.7375 13 OK
96
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX+e X 0.0013 4.0937 13 OK
)] 1 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX+e X 0.0013 4.0687 13 OK
)] 02 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX-e X 0.0010 3.4312 13 OK
)] 98 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX-e) X 0.0010 3.4062 13 OK
] 9 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0013 4.0937 13 OK
)] Max 1 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0002 0.6375 13 OK
)] Min 04
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 0.0002 0.6656 13 OK
] Max 13 25
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 0.0013 4.0687 13 OK
] Min 02 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL X 0.0002 0.9062 13 OK
+WLX) 9 5
-WLX) 82 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL X 6.60E- 0.2062 13 OK
-WLY) 05 5
+ELX) 64


-ELX) 55 75
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL X 0.0010 3.275 13 OK
+(ELX+e)] 48
-(ELX+e)] 4
+(ELX-e)] 79 75
-(ELX-e)] 7 5
+(ELY-e)] Max 48
+(ELY-e)] Min 62 5
-(ELY-e)] Max 71 75
-(ELY-e)] Min 4
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) X 7.80E- 0.2437 13 OK
05 5
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLX) X 0.0002 0.6593 13 OK
11 75
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLX) X 0.0002 0.7531 13 OK
41 25
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLY) X 0.0001 0.3562 13 OK
14 5
G FLOOR 1.0DL+SIDL+ELX) X 0.0006 1.9531 13 OK
25 25
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELX) X 0.0006 2.1093 13 OK
75 75
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX+e X 0.0006 1.8906 13 OK
)] 05 25
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX+e X 0.0006 2.0468 13 OK
)] 55 75
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX-e X 0.0006 2.0156 13 OK
)] 45 25
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX-e) X 0.0006 2.1687 13 OK
] 94 5
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELY) X 0.0001 0.4906 13 OK
57 25
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0006 2.0156 13 OK
)] Max 45 25
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e X 0.0001 0.4625 13 OK
)] Min 48
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 0.0001 0.5968 13 OK

] Max 91 75
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) X 0.0006 2.1687 13 OK
] Min 94 5
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL X 0.0001 0.55 13 OK
+WLX) 76
-WLX) 09 25
+ELX) 07 75
-ELX) 55 75
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL X 0.0004 1.5343 13 OK
+(ELX+e)] 91 75
-(ELX+e)] 4
+(ELX-e)] 23 75
-(ELX-e)] 71 75
+(ELY-e)] Max 23 75
+(ELY-e)] Min 24
-(ELY-e)] Max 6
-(ELY-e)] Min 71 75
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) Y 6.30E- 0.1968 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 05 75
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLX) Y 5.40E- 0.1687 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 05 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLX) Y 5.40E- 0.1687 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 05 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLY) Y 0.0005 1.5968 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 11 75
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLY) Y 0.0004 1.3062 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 18 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+ELY) Y 0.0004 1.4312 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 58 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELY) Y 0.0003 1.1406 13 OK
HEAD ROOM 65 25
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY+e Y 0.0004 1.4593 13 OK
HEAD ROOM )] 67 75
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY+e Y 0.0003 1.1687 13 OK
HEAD ROOM )] 74 5

5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 0.0004 1.4593 13 OK

HEAD ROOM )] Max 67 75
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 4.30E- 0.1343 13 OK
HEAD ROOM )] Min 05 75
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 6.60E- 0.2062 13 OK
HEAD ROOM ] Max 05 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 0.0003 1.1687 13 OK
HEAD ROOM ] Min 74 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL Y 6.50E- 0.2031 13 OK
HEAD ROOM +WLX) 05 25
HEAD ROOM -WLX) 05 25
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL Y 0.0004 1.3437 13 OK
HEAD ROOM +WLY) 3 5
HEAD ROOM -WLY) 13 25
HEAD ROOM +ELX) 05 5
HEAD ROOM -ELX) 05 75
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL Y 6.10E- 0.1906 13 OK
HEAD ROOM +(ELX+e)] 05 25
HEAD ROOM -(ELX+e)] 05 25
HEAD ROOM +(ELX-e)] 05
HEAD ROOM -(ELX-e)] 05 75
HEAD ROOM +ELY) 88
HEAD ROOM -ELY) 7 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL Y 0.0003 1.2343 13 OK
HEAD ROOM +(ELY+e)] 95 75
HEAD ROOM -(ELY+e)] 78 5
HEAD ROOM +(ELY-e)] Max 95 75
HEAD ROOM +(ELY-e)] Min 05
HEAD ROOM -(ELY-e)] Max 05 75
HEAD ROOM -(ELY-e)] Min 78 5
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) Y 1.20E- 0.0375 13 OK

TERRACE 05
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLY) Y 0.0002 0.8281 13 OK
TERRACE 65 25
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLY) Y 0.0002 0.7687 13 OK
TERRACE 46 5
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+ELY) Y 0.0005 1.6531 13 OK
TERRACE 29 25
4TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELY) Y 0.0005 1.625 13 OK
TERRACE 2
4TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY+e Y 0.0006 2.0437 13 OK
TERRACE )] 54 5
4TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY+e Y 0.0006 1.9812 13 OK
TERRACE )] 34 5
TERRACE )] Max 56
TERRACE )] Min 55 75
TERRACE ] Max 75 75
TERRACE ] Min 47 75
TERRACE +WLY) 15 75
TERRACE -WLY) 94 5
TERRACE +ELY) 27 75
TERRACE -ELY) 13 25
TERRACE +(ELY+e)] 27 75
TERRACE -(ELY+e)] 04
TERRACE +(ELY-e)] Max 28
TERRACE +(ELY-e)] Min 2
TERRACE -(ELY-e)] Max 43 75
TERRACE -(ELY-e)] Min 14 5
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) Y 6.00E- 0.0187 13 OK
06 5
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLY) Y 0.0003 0.9562 13 OK
06 5

3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLY) Y 0.0003 0.95 13 OK

04
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+ELY) Y 0.0007 2.2156 13 OK
09 25
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELY) Y 0.0007 2.2156 13 OK
09 25
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY+e Y 0.0008 2.7937 13 OK
)] 94 5
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY+e Y 0.0008 2.7656 13 OK
)] 85 25
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 0.0009 2.85 13 OK
)] Max 12
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 0.0003 0.9937 13 OK
)] Min 18 5
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 0.0003 1.0187 13 OK
] Max 26 5
3RD FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 0.0009 2.8468 13 OK
] Min 11 75
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL Y 0.0002 0.7718 13 OK
+WLY) 47 75
-WLY) 4
+ELY) 71 75
-ELY) 64
3RD FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL Y 0.0007 2.2406 13 OK
+(ELY+e)] 17 25
-(ELY+e)] 06 5
+(ELY-e)] Max 33 25
+(ELY-e)] Min 52
-(ELY-e)] Max 63 75
-(ELY-e)] Min 26 5
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) Y 5.00E- 0.0156 13 OK
06 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLY) Y 0.0003 1.0906 13 OK
49 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLY) Y 0.0003 1.1312 13 OK
62 5
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+ELY) Y 0.0007 2.4531 13 OK

85 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELY) Y 0.0007 2.4968 13 OK
99 75
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY+e Y 0.001 3.125 13 OK
)]
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY+e Y 0.0010 3.1468 13 OK
)] 07 75
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 0.0010 3.2218 13 OK
)] Max 31 75
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 0.0004 1.3562 13 OK
)] Min 34 5
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 0.0004 1.3312 13 OK
] Max 26 5
2ND FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 0.0010 3.2656 13 OK
] Min 45 25
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL Y 0.0002 0.8718 13 OK
+WLY) 79 75
-WLY) 9 5
+ELY) 28
-ELY) 39 75
2ND FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL Y 0.0007 2.4937 13 OK
+(ELY+e)] 98 5
-(ELY+e)] 07 75
+(ELY-e)] Max 25 25
+(ELY-e)] Min 48
-(ELY-e)] Max 4
-(ELY-e)] Min 36
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) Y 2.50E- 0.0781 13 OK
05 25
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLX) Y 8.70E- 0.2718 13 OK
05 75
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLY) Y 0.0003 1.2375 13 OK
96
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLY) Y 0.0004 1.3906 13 OK
45 25
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+ELY) Y 0.0008 2.7093 13 OK
67 75

1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELY) Y 0.0009 2.8593 13 OK

15 75
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY+e Y 0.0010 3.2406 13 OK
)] 37 25
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY+e Y 0.0010 3.2937 13 OK
)] 54 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 0.0011 3.4562 13 OK
)] Max 06 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 0.0004 1.325 13 OK
)] Min 24
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 0.0004 1.2687 13 OK
] Max 06 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 0.0011 3.6093 13 OK
] Min 55 75
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL Y 7.30E- 0.2281 13 OK
+WLX) 05 25
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL Y 0.0003 0.975 13 OK
+WLY) 12
-WLY) 61 25
+ELY) 89 25
-ELY) 38 5
1ST FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL Y 0.0008 2.5812 13 OK
+(ELY+e)] 26 5
-(ELY+e)] 47 75
+(ELY-e)] Max 8
+(ELY-e)] Min 43 75
-(ELY-e)] Max 22 5
-(ELY-e)] Min 29 25
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) Y 3.90E- 0.1218 13 OK
05 75
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLY) Y 0.0003 1.0437 13 OK
34 5
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLY) Y 0.0003 1.0093 13 OK
23 75
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+ELY) Y 0.0006 2.15 13 OK
88
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELY) Y 0.0006 2.1156 13 OK

77 25
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY+e Y 0.0007 2.2 13 OK
)] 04
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY+e Y 0.0006 2.1625 13 OK
)] 92
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 0.0007 2.2 13 OK
)] Max 04
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY-e Y 0.0001 0.4687 13 OK
)] Min 5 5
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 0.0001 0.4562 13 OK
] Max 46 5
G FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY-e) Y 0.0006 2.1625 13 OK
] Min 92
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL Y 4.40E- 0.1375 13 OK
+WLX) 05
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL Y 0.0002 0.8406 13 OK
+WLY) 69 25
-WLY) 56
+ELY) 52
-ELY) 39 75
G FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL Y 0.0005 1.7656 13 OK
+(ELY+e)] 65 25
-(ELY+e)] 52
+(ELY-e)] Max 65 25
+(ELY-e)] Min 22 5
-(ELY-e)] Max 16
-(ELY-e)] Min 52

Table ii Design reaction for column
column 1 column 2
Base 238.2079 222.5992
Base 246.6194 225.4456
Base 248.7393 230.9369
Base 251.7282 230.9369
Base 260.1688 237.9741
Base 264.2559 237.9741
Base 266.0151 241.2541
Base 270.3873 241.2541
Base 270.9851 244.6443
Base 274.5539 246.5976
Base 277.7143 250.265
Base 277.7143 251.3145
Base 280.302 255.4004
Base 284.6742 260.7438
Base 289.6681 260.7438
Base 298.9611 264.8496
Base 303.0211 271.061
Base 304.0699 271.061
Base 312.4814 279.3987
Base 314.9749 279.3989
Base 314.9749 286.4246
Base 316.9425 287.7365
Base 318.1353 292.934
Base 320.8929 293.9835
Base 320.8929 299.6042
Base 321.7042 304.6553
Base 328.4334 306.2744
Base 332.5204 306.2744
Base 335.8352 313.7487
Base 343.9499 318.8029
Base 344.1808 322.8421
Base 352.5265 330.1199

Base 355.3794 330.1199

Base 367.4687 339.7609
Base 367.4687 340.1553
Base 370.4308 341.0728
Base 371.4192 348.0987
Base 375.8802 356.4364
Base 384.2918 356.4364
Base 389.4006 372.097
Base 403.6874 386.2433
Base 417.9743 386.2433
Table iii lateral sway check
TABLE: LATERAL SWAY CHECK

Story Load Case/Combo Directi Maxim Avera Rati H/50 Chec
on um ge o 0 k
mm mm
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) X 0.352 0.341 1.03 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 3
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLX) X 5.124 4.945 1.03 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 6
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLX) X 4.526 4.313 1.04 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 9
5TH FLOOR 1.0DL+SIDL+ELX) X 15.027 13.96 1.07 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 7 6
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELX) X 14.429 13.33 1.08 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 4 2
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX+e)] X 15.749 13.86 1.13 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 1 6
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX+e)] X 15.151 13.22 1.14 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 9 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELX-e)] X 14.305 14.07 1.01 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 2 7
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELX-e)] X 13.707 13.44 1.02 35 OK
HEAD ROOM
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL+ X 4.183 4.039 1.03 35 OK
HEAD ROOM WLX) 6
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL- X 3.536 3.367 1.05 35 OK
HEAD ROOM WLX)
HEAD ROOM WLY)

HEAD ROOM ELX) 4 3

5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL+( X 12.684 11.17 1.13 35 OK
HEAD ROOM ELX+e)] 2 5
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL-( X 12.037 10.5 1.14 35 OK
HEAD ROOM ELX+e)] 6
HEAD ROOM ELX-e)] 1 7
HEAD ROOM ELX-e)] 9
HEAD ROOM ELY-e)] Max 9 4
HEAD ROOM ELY-e)] Min 5
HEAD ROOM ELY-e)] Max 2
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+LL) Y 0.171 0.167 1.02 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 2
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+WLY) Y 6.07 6.063 1.00 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 1
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-WLY) Y 5.865 5.86 1.00 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 1
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL+ELY) Y 11.082 11.06 1.00 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 6 1
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL-ELY) Y 10.89 10.86 1.00 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 3 2
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL+(ELY+e)] Y 11.457 11.05 1.03 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 8 6
5TH FLOOR 1.0[DL+SIDL-(ELY+e)] Y 11.243 10.85 1.03 35 OK
HEAD ROOM 5 6
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL+ Y 4.928 4.923 1.00 35 OK
HEAD ROOM WLY) 1
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL- Y 4.618 4.615 1.00 35 OK
HEAD ROOM WLY) 1
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL+ Y 8.939 8.925 1.00 35 OK
HEAD ROOM ELY) 1
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL- Y 8.639 8.617 1.00 35 OK
HEAD ROOM ELY) 2
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL+( Y 9.238 8.919 1.03 35 OK
HEAD ROOM ELY+e)] 6
5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8[LL-( Y 8.922 8.611 1.03 35 OK
HEAD ROOM ELY+e)] 6


5TH FLOOR 1.0(DL+SIDL)+0.8(LL+ X 12.106 11.25 1.07 35 OK
HEAD ROOM ELX) 6 5

CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION
In the present scenario, a structural engineer cannot afford to generate the results manually as it
involves tedious procedures and complicated calculations, which requires considerable time and
patience. Thus there is always a need of a simpler alternative like the use of various; Computer
Aided Software’s which would offer great flexibility and efficiency. In this project, analysis and
design of structure was done with the aid of software called ETABS which is quite feasible in
using and offers more efficient designs and flexibility. •ETABS gives more economical and
convenient results than manual design results. And give provision to do comparison of results from
linear static analysis and linear dynamic analysis (Response Spectrum Analysis Method •Different
load combination can be applied easily like seismic load and response spectrum load.
Story drift and lateral sway value what we received from our software etabs are checked by
comparing our manual calculation and then it is checked in ms excel sheet.
 For the response spectrum analysis performed according to software, the maximum
displacement and storey drift was obtained at storey first of the building in X direction.
 From the above work, for dynamic analysis, response spectrum is best suited for analyzing
the maximum response of a building. Response spectrum analysis should be strictly
avoided in case of tall, irregular or important structure.
 Due to Response spectrum analysis and static analysis the base shear value will be
significantly increased at higher stories.
 For high rise buildings static analysis is not enough its necessary to provide dynamic
analysis.
 Story Drift is within the allowable limit (0.004H) in both Static, Dynamic cases, according
to IS 1893:2002 Code.
 Story Displacement is within the allowable limit (H/400), according to (ASCE7-10Code)
American Society of Civil Engineers. & (H/500) acc. to IS code.

REFERENCES
[1] IS 1893:2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of structures?
[2] IS 875 (Part 1):1987 Code of Practice for Design loads (Other than Earthquake for
buildings and structures) Dead load.
[3] IS 875 (Part 2):1987 Code of Practice for Design loads (Other than Earthquake for
buildings and structures) Live load.
[4] IS 800: 2007, General Construction in Steel- Code of Practice?
[5] Bryan Stafford Smith Alex Coull, “Tall Building Structure, Analysis and Design
[4] Mariopaz-Structure Dynamics: Theory and Computations, (Second Edition), CBS Publishers
&Distributors-New Delhi, 2004
[5] Chopra,A.K., (2012), Dynamics of Structures – Theory and Application to Earthquake

Engineering, Fourth Edition, Prentice Hall Inc, USA
[6] Extended 3D analysis of building structures (ETABS), Computers and Structures Inc., USA.

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Dynamic analysis of g+5 multistory building

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 1

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 2

1.2 RCC FRAMES Structure

RCC framed structure is basically an assembly of slabs, beams, columns and

Fig RC Frame Structure

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 3

1.3 BASIC ASPECTS OF DYNAMIC DESIGN

Fig ii affect of earthquake on building structure

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 4

Fig iii wind pressure on exposed area

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 5

1.4 SEISMIC ZONES OF INDIA

Fig iv Modified Seismic zones of INDIA (IS 1893-PAR 2002)

1.5 STUDY OF PROJECT

1. How the dynamic evaluation of a building should be carried out.

3. To analysis results of building under zone iii using ETABS Software.

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 6

1.5.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

1.6 NEED FOR PRESENT STUDY

to satisfy the design elements.

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 7

2.2 Historical Background

J.Chiranjeevi Yadav, L.Ramprasad Reddy[2017]

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 8

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 9

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 10

the minimum requirement of storey drift as per IS 1893:2002 .

B.Rajesh ,Mr.Sadat Ali Khan, Mr.Mani Kandan [2015]

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 11

M. Bello, A.A Adedeji, R.O. Rahmon [2017]

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 12

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 13

 Absolute - peak values are added together

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 14

1. Calculation of Modal matrix

2. Calculation of effective force vector

3. Obtaining of Displacement response in normal coordinate

4. Obtaining of Displacement response in physical coordinate

5. Calculation of effective earthquake response forces at each storey.

6. Calculation of maximum response

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 15

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 16

4.2 GENERAL DETAILS OF BUILDING

An architectural plan of building confining to all architectural aspect as required.

Types of structure: multistory rigid joint RC frame structure

4.3 STUDY OF ARCHITECTURAL PLAN AND STRUCTURAL PLAN

4.3.1 Detail of building

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 17

riser depth=height of one flight/no of riser=1625/10=162.5mm

Check of angle of stair:

4.3.2 Structural Planning

For floor slab: Clause 23 and 24 of Is 456:2000.

4.4 For Slab - Preliminary sizing

The entire slab is Continuous, so

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 18

4.5 For Beam- Preliminary Sizing

Preliminary dimension as per clause 6 of 13920 and clause 23of IS 456:200

Hence primary beam =240*325 mm

Department of Civil Engineering, SET, Jain University Page 19

4.6 Column preliminary sizing

i) 20d - 20x 12 = 240 mm

Column = 350 mm x 350mm (for outer column)

iv) Load of Step = (1/T)(RT/2) density of concrete