Diocese of Baguio Schools

San Jose School of La Trinidad, Inc.

HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Poblacion, La Trinidad, 2601 Benguet Philippines

MODULE IN T.L.E. (COMPUTER) FOR GRADE 7 (ABCEFG)

(4TH QUARTER)
MODULE 4

LESSON 1: GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER

Objectives:
1. Create a timeline of how computer was developed.
Lesson Proper:
THE FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTERS (1951-1958)
 The first generation of computers is characterized by Vacuum tubes.
 In this generation, Vacuum Tubes are used for logic processing. Punched cards are still used for external
data storage. Rotating Magnetic Drums are used for internal data storage of data and programs.
 Programs are written in Machine Language and Assembly Language.
 Computers then require a complier.
Vacuum tubes
 An electronic device enclosed within a glass housing from which the air has been removed.
 Vacuum tubes were the precursors of transistors and were used in early computers.

ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND COMPUTER (ENIAC)

 The First Fully Functional Electronic Digital Computer
 Used to compute trajectory tables for the US Army. It is a thousand times faster than electromechanical
predecessors. ENIAC needs a huge amount of electricity.

UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computers)

 Is the First Commercially Viable Electronic Digital Computer developed by Dr. John W. Mauchly and
J. Presper Eckert, Jr.

IBM 650

 Was the First Commercially Successful Computer, designed as a logical upgrade to existing punched-card
machines.

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THE SECOND GENERATION OF COMPUTERS (1959-1964)
 The invention of the transistor signaled the start of the second generation of computers.
 Vacuum tubes replaced by transistors as main logic element.
 The transistor is more powerful, more reliable, and less expensive computers that would occupy less space
and give off less heat than vacuum-tube-powered computers did.
TRANSISTOR
 It is a mall, solid-state component designed to monitor the flow of electric current.
 Were smaller, faster, cheaper, required less power, and produced less heat than vacuum tubes.
 John Barden, William Shockley and Walter Brattain

 Magnetic Tape and disks began to replace punched cards as external storage devices.

 Magnetic core (very small donut-shaped magnets that could be polarized in one of two directions to
represent data) became the primary internal storage technology.

PDP-8
 It is the First Successful Minicomputer.

COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language)

 A high-level computer programming language widely adopted for corporate business applications.

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FORTRAN (Formula Translation)
 It became a standard programming language because it could process mathematical formulas.

THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTER (1964-1971)

 The Invention of the Integrated Circuits (IC) signalled the start of the third generation of computers.
 Individual transistors were replaced by Integrated Circuits.
 Magnetic Tape and Disk completely replaced punch cards as external storage devices.
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC)
 A large number of related electrical conductors, transistors and other electronic components densely
and microscopically placed on a semiconductor substance.
 IC were faster, offered improved memory, and reduce the price of computers.
 It is a single wafer or chip that can hold many transistors and electronic circuits.

IBM 360
 IBM built this computer that make used of IC.

THE FOURTH GENERATION OF COMPUTER (1971 to 2010)

 The introduction of large-scale integration of electronic circuitry.
 The total miniaturization of computer circuitry, which were marked by the use of microprocessors.
Microprocessors
 It is an integrated circuit built on a tiny piece of silicon which contains thousands or even millions of
transistors, which are interconnected via superfine traces of aluminium.
 It is also called Central Processing Unit (CPU).

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INTEL 4004
 It is the first microprocessor developed by Intel Corporation in 1971.
 Almost powerful as the ENIAC.

FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTER (2010 onwards)

 The period 2010 to till date and beyond, roughly considered as the period of fifth generation of computers.
 By the time, the computer generation was being categorized on the basis of hardware only, but the fifth
generation technology also included software.
 The computers of the fifth generation had high capability and large memory capacity.
 Working with computers of this generation was fast and multiple tasks could be performed simultaneously.
 Some of the popular advanced technologies of the fifth generation include Artificial intelligence, Quantum
computation, Nanotechnology, Parallel processing, etc.

Name: Kaye Sharmele C. Agudo Grade and Section: 7F-Judges

Learning Experience/ Activity: A. Direction: Differentiate the different generations of computer.

FIRST GENERATION SECOND GENERATION THIRD GENERATION

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In this generation, vacuum tubes are
used in logic processing. Punched
cards are still used for external data
storage. Rotating Magnetic Drums
are used for internal data storage of
data and programs.
Vacuum tubes are replaced by Individual transistors were replaced
transistors as main logic element. by integrated circuits. Magnetic Tape
The transistor is more powerful, and Disk completely replaced punch
more reliable, and less expensive cards as external storage devices.
computers that would occupy less
space and give off less heat than
vacuum-tube-powered computers
did.

FOURTH GENERATION FIFTH GENERATION

The introduction of large-scales of
electronic circuitry. The total
miniaturization of computer
circuitry, which were marked by the
use of microprocessors
The computer generation was being
categorized on the basis of hardware
only, but the fifth generation
technology also included software.

B. Make a timeline of how computers evolved from their humble beginnings to the machines of today that surf the
Internet, play games and others.
CRITERIA POINTS
Content (Complete, correct arrangement) 10
Creativity ( with illustration) 10
Neatness 5

Summary:
The computer was born not for entertainment or email but out of a need to solve a serious number-crunching crisis.
By 1800, the U.S. population had grown so large that it took more than seven years to tabulate the U.S. census
results. The government sought a faster way to get the job done, giving rise to punch-card based computers that took
up entire rooms.

Today, we carry more computing power on our smartphones than was available in these early models. The following
brief history of computing is a timeline of how computers evolved from their humble beginnings to the machines of
today that surf the internet, play games and stream multimedia.

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